great view street floor covering deck board protrudes. She is different from alternative options ease of use, good anti-slip properties and excellent appearance. We will talk about the varieties, advantages of using and the rules for installing parquet boards later.
Terrace board - characteristics and advantages
Terrace board is a finishing material used for laying outdoors, preferably on a terrace. Another name terrace board is “decking”, although it is more often called garden parquet.
For the manufacture of terrace boards, a wood-polymer composite is used, which contributes to its preservation. appearance for a long time.
If we compare a terrace board with an ordinary floor board, then the requirements for the first one are much higher, since the terrace is a place located in an open space, and the impact external factors on its finish is much higher. The first requirement is the mechanical and chemical resistance of the boards, since the terrace is constantly exposed to moisture, sun, temperature changes or rough shoes.
construction supporting structure the terrace occurs at the time of the construction of the terrace itself, so the overlap of the lag character has a long length, which directly depends on the installed boards. The most common type of decking board is its thickness of 5 cm. outside not present a large number of grooves, the depth of which reaches two millimeters. Thanks to this, the surface will not be too slippery and will remain durable. long time.
During the installation of the terrace board, it is required to leave small gaps, so its installation with the tenon method is impossible.
The terrace board is made from the same materials as the floor board, only if it is made from pine, it must be pre-treated by special means which will protect the surface from external influences. It is preferable to choose breeds in the form of oak, larch, cedar or sequoia.
Especially popular is the terrace board, which is based on a wood-polymer composite, which is characterized by improved operational characteristics and duration of use - up to fifty years.
Terrace board photo:
Among the main advantages in using a decking board are:
- presentable appearance;
- pleasant sensations while walking on the surface barefoot;
- almost complete absence of slip during precipitation;
- the surface of the material is not able to get very hot even during a hot sunny day;
- environmentally pure material(in case a wooden deck board is used).
There are two types of deck boards:
- wooden;
- wood-composite.
Among the advantages of the second option over the first one should be highlighted:
- resistance to the appearance of mold or fungus;
- resistance to different kind diseases and insects;
- lack of susceptibility to temperature changes or exposure to solar radiation;
- no swelling or drying out;
- preservation of shape and color for a long time;
- there is no need for constant seasonal care;
- does not require painting or coating with special tools;
- there are no defects such as knots, resin pockets or cracks;
- there is no risk of getting a splinter;
- it is possible to install the coating without leaving gaps, so the grass will not grow through the cracks, and the boards will not deform;
- resistant to impact chemical substances, abrasive detergents, alcohol, etc.;
- possible combination with underfloor heating.
The main types of decking
In relation to the material from which the terrace board is made, it is divided into:
- wooden;
- thermally processed;
- composite.
The first option involves using natural wood for board making. Terrace board from larch - pretty popular view given finishing material. This type of wood has the properties of moisture resistance, density, anti-slip, resistance to fungus and mold. In addition, when larch gets wet, it becomes stone.
When arranging the terrace flooring, you should continue finishing in the same style in which the whole house is designed. Try to match the color of the house decoration with the terrace. Larch is characterized light tone. But, one of its advantages is the possibility of tinting. On the construction market a large number of mixtures are presented, with the help of which it is possible to color the terrace board.
Thermally processed terrace boards have several other properties, in contrast to common tree. The process of their production involves heating the wood to more than 190 degrees Celsius. Steam changes the characteristics of the wood. Thus, it is possible to obtain a material that is highly environmentally friendly and does not contain harmful components in its composition.
Thermally treated wood, differs from the standard, higher resistance to moisture, good thermal insulation properties, resistance to decay, mold and fungus. In addition, the wooden texture of the tree becomes clearer and more pronounced. Therefore, its color and pattern are pleasant to the touch.
The wood polymer deck board is artificial material, which is extracted using a combination of various kinds of fillers, fiberglass, sawdust, shavings, wood flour with resins.
For filling organic mineral fillers, a binder material is used in the form of polyethylene, polypropylene or polyvinyl chloride. It is possible to use grain starches, paper production waste. The coloring of this kind of terrace board is carried out during its production. In the process of connecting all the components, dyes are added to the thick mixture, which determine the color of the future polymer terrace board.
Before proceeding with the direct installation of the terrace board, you should determine the place of its installation. It depends on the hardness of the material, if on the instructions or in technical features it is not specified, ask the seller about this criterion.
For example, for a balcony, loggia or in a place with low traffic, a medium-density decking board is laid. In addition, near the pool, where they mostly walk barefoot, this type of board is also used.
Please note that its moisture resistance depends on the density of the board, since boards that are too dense are practically unable to absorb moisture and are characterized by low volatility. When laying a loose board in places with a high operational load, it deforms over time.
In places where there are a large number of people, it is necessary to install decking boards with a high density. These include areas near gazebos, houses or terraces.
The work on laying the decking board is divided into several stages. First of all, prepare solid foundation, for the arrangement of which is removed upper layer soil, and a sand and gravel cushion is laid, which is well rammed.
Do not lay the deck board directly on the ground base. It is possible to use paving slabs as the main element for the installation of decking. In this case, a base of logs is laid on the surface of the tile, fixed with a screwdriver and dowels. The average interval between the lags is 35 cm, if the laying of the terrace board is longitudinal, then at least 45 cm. The lags serve as a support for the lag. Please note that a technological gap should occupy 2 cm, in the form of gutters or curbs. The installation of adjustable logs is appropriate when the terrain is uneven and has defects.
The total length of the laying site should be characterized by a slope of one to one and a half percent of the total area. Thus, it will be possible to ensure the runoff of water during rains or showers.
After finishing preparatory work direct installation of boards is made. For their installation, special hidden fasteners are used, in the form of brackets. Stainless steel is used for manufacturing, and fixing occurs using self-tapping screws. Exactly this species fasteners help to leave the desired gap of 0.5-0.7 cm.
Please note that the thickness of the decking board significantly affects the laying distance of the joists. With a board thickness of 1.9-2 cm, the distance is 400 mm, if the thickness is more than 25 mm, then the interval between laying the log is 600 mm.
When sawing a decking board, the raw end parts are coated with a high-quality wax emulsion.
To prevent the board from cracking, holes for fasteners are made in advance. The terrace board is attached to the surface in two ways:
- open;
- hidden.
The second option is less common, as it appeared recently and requires special skills to carry it out. Although it has a significant advantage over open way installation. This is a higher attractiveness of appearance. In addition, boards attached in this way are more firmly and securely fastened.
Terrace board do-it-yourself laying
Before the beginning installation work the evenness, cleanliness and dryness of the surface on which it is installed should be checked. The best option is a platform made of concrete with a slight slope.
The installation of the log is made in accordance with the flow of water. When installing the decking, it is immediately laid on the logs, choosing the order of the boards. When installing a decking board, in a place of constant exposure to moisture, a compensation gap should be provided, otherwise it will not be needed.
Tip: Before starting the assembly of the entire structure, it is recommended to allow the board to acclimatize in the conditions in which it will be installed. To do this, leave the material at the installation site for two days so that it gets used to the humidity and air temperature.
Take care of the presence of a ventilation gap under the decking space. Its size reaches three centimeters, so it will be possible to achieve free space, which will reduce the risk of fungus or mold on the boards.
During temperature changes, the board shrinks or increases in size, so a small expansion gap is necessary.
To carry out the installation of a terrace board, use:
- lags;
- terrace board;
- initial brackets;
- intermediate brackets;
- screws, self-tapping screws;
- plugs;
- end finishing materials;
- corners;
- electric drill;
- a set of drills;
- screwdriver;
- measuring tape;
- pencil;
- saw;
- level.
To make the terrace board serve its owners for a long time, care should be taken to have good drainage laid under it. The best option is a concrete base, at least 10 cm thick. Before laying, you should make sure that water does not linger on the base, but flows freely along it.
If the lags are installed perpendicular to the drain, then between them, a clearance is required to ensure unhindered flow.
If the terrace board is mounted on the roof, then you should make sure that there is a waterproof layer that is not capable of destroying elements in the form of fasteners. When laying decking boards on flat surface, the strobes are cut at a certain slope.
Installation of a terrace board - instructions for carrying out
The logs are laid on a concrete base and attached to it with anchor bolts, maximum size pitch is 400 mm. Between the lags and the wall, it is necessary to have a compensation gap of 10-20 mm. If it is supposed vertical installation terrace board, the distance between the joists is 2.5 cm. The maximum laying step is 400 mm, when installing a terrace board in places with increased operational loads, this value is reduced to 250 mm.
With the help of self-tapping screws, mounting clips are attached to the lags. A terrace board is installed in the slot base of the clip. If the terrace board installed on the surface is longer than 800 mm, then the number of lags on which it is installed increases to three pieces. The end part of the board should not go beyond the lag by more than 50 mm. The distance between the wall and the end section of the board is 10-20 mm.
When arranging a terrace with long boards, both of its ends must rest securely on the surface of the log and be fixed to them with clips.
Corner joints are processed in two ways:
- with the help of end caps - making the appearance of the board harmonious;
- using end strips- fixed with self-tapping screws and manufactured in accordance with certain color coatings.
In addition, it is possible to use a composite corner similar to a plinth.
At the end of all work on the installation of a terrace board, take care of removing dust and chips from its surface. To clean the cover, use a normal detergent intended for use on floors. And remember that doing all the work correctly, the terrace board will function for a long time.
Terrace board (decking) made of wood-polymer composite is a beautiful and durable floor covering for terraces, gazebos, porches, pool areas, paths to personal plot. It is unpretentious in care and operation. The service life of a decking board can reach half a century or more. But for this it is important to follow all the rules and nuances of installation.
Basic rules for laying decking
- The surface on which the decking is to be laid must be level, solid and stable (e.g. screed, beams, concrete slabs).
- It is impossible: to lay logs directly into the ground. And, of course, they do not have to be constantly in the water.
- Under the flooring, a drain or drainage must be provided.
- The flooring must have a slope in the direction of flow of at least 1%, i.e. 1 cm per linear meter.
- Under the flooring, you need to provide free air circulation - to remove moisture. This will help prevent the formation of mold and mildew.
- The screws that are used to mount the docking must be resistant to corrosion.
- At the end of installation, the coating must be thoroughly rinsed twice with high pressure water.
Tools and materials that will be required for laying the decking:
- terrace board;
- supporting lags;
- initial and intermediate brackets (cleats);
- screws;
- end strips;
- plugs;
- corners;
- level;
- saw;
- tape measure and pencil;
- screwdriver;
- drill.
How to lay a deck board?
It is better to lay a deck board in dry weather, when the air temperature is above zero. It is desirable to pre-unpack the boards themselves and let them lie down in the air for a day or two in the place where they will be laid.
Each board must be fixed on special supports - logs. This can be done in one of two ways:
- perpendicular (boards are laid perpendicular to the lags);
- diagonally (boards are installed diagonally to the lags).
The process itself is simple, but there are a number of nuances that need to be taken into account. Let's take a closer look at each stage of installation.
Stage 1. Preparation of the base for installation
The following can be used as a base for laying a deck board:
- solid, flat concrete screed with pre-laid rubber cushion;
- concrete slabs or support beams;
- adjustable screw supports;
- metallic or wooden frame with a profile section of 100x100 mm and a distance between the frame profiles of not more than 500 mm (if the logs are made of WPC).
Stage 2. Laying the lag
Logs are installed at a distance of no more than 400 mm from each other. With diagonal laying, the distance should be reduced to 300-350 mm.
It is important to observe the compensation gap between the lags and the wall or any other obstacles - at least 10 mm. Otherwise, when thermal expansion boards may warp.
The logs must be aligned with each other and be in the same horizontal plane.
Stage 3. Installation of a terrace board
The laying of the board itself is carried out as follows.
- With the help of self-tapping screws, the clamps are attached to the lags. Moreover, the first klyamer is screwed to the edge of the log.
- The terrace board is laid in such a way that it enters the klemer.
- The second clamp is installed with opposite side. The installed board is fixed.
- In the same way, clamps are installed on all logs.
Advice: Clamps must be installed on all joists. Otherwise, the deck board may sag.
- Install the rest of the boards in the same way.
Advice: The clamps must fit into the grooves of the decking board. This provides a strong fastening, as well as the necessary clearance between the boards.
- After installing all the boards, their ends are aligned and hidden with decorative plugs.
- After completion of work, you need to thoroughly wash the surface of the decking board with running water.
Terrace board laying technology: typical mistakes
In most cases, problems with a decking board that occur during operation are associated with errors made during its installation. Here is some of them.
- The distances between the lags are not respected.
- Fasteners are over tightened.
- There is no or improperly equipped water supply.
- The boards were laid without compensating gaps.
- Incorrectly equipped or missing drainage.
If you have not figured out how to properly lay a WPC decking board, or are not sure that you can do this work yourself, order professional installation coatings by specialized installation teams. So, certified specialists"Alta-Profile" have been trained by our experts and will perform all work in compliance with technological standards and manufacturer's recommendations. Quality is guaranteed by Alta-Profil.
Terrace board operation
The duration of the service life of the decking primarily depends on the quality of installation. And secondly - on how it is used.
In conclusion, here are some tips that will help extend the life of a decking board to 50 years or more.
- Do not allow the terrace to be flooded for more than 4 days.
- Do not use metal sponges, scrapers or spatulas for cleaning. You better take regular fabric cotton or microfiber.
- Remove any defects (for example, a trace of a cigarette) with sandpaper.
- Use for washing running water or non-abrasive, non-acid detergents.
And a stylish and solid coating will decorate your terrace, walkway, porch for many decades!
We carry out work on the installation of decking in compliance with all technologies, with the smallest details. Of course, many will prefer professional installation, and we are ready to offer it.
Terrace installation step by step instructions
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AT modern construction and repair uses a huge amount composite materials, which have absorbed certain advantages of natural ones, while eliminating their shortcomings. It is such a building material that decking is, it is also called a terrace or deck board. Russian company Deckman also manufactures this building material. We use the most Hi-tech: a wood-polymer composite is pressed into a single block, and a board is obtained - outwardly similar to an ordinary tree, but at the same time having all the wonderful properties of plastic. It is non-flammable, does not pass moisture, is not subject to mechanical damage. It is used indoors high humidity; - on the street, for arranging terraces (hence the name), on balconies, for laying garden paths; - for commercial facilities, such as piers, embankments, outdoor cafes, etc.
We carry out work on the installation of decking, and we will tell you in detail how our masters do it. With observance of all technologies, with the smallest details. Of course, many will prefer professional installation, and we are ready to offer it. But if you want to make your own terrace or path in the garden, then we believe that even a beginner can handle one of the easiest installation methods. So, first we will prepare the tool.
What is a deck board. Benefits and Applications
Decking Tools
Of course, each master selects a tool depending on his habits. And also on the climate in which the installation takes place, how complex the design is (it will be a terrace, garden path, floor on the balcony), on the quality of the material. Since we are talking only about the decking installation process, we will assume that the quality of the material is the highest, which means that it will be required minimum set tools. It will be, firstly, an electric saw to cut the material clearly to size. Secondly, a drill (some use a screwdriver); Thirdly, tape measure, pencil and building level to, as they say, "measure seven times", before cutting off a valuable construction material.
We prepare materials and tools for fixing decking
Before starting work, it is better to lay out the board for a couple of days at the installation site. Of course the material High Quality endures any climate, temperature changes, etc., but only when it is already firmly fixed. Therefore, it is better to do just that, and during this time choose a styling method.
There are open and closed types of fastening of a terrace board. With the first, the attachment points will be visible, with the second, they will remain invisible to the eye. The first one is much simpler in terms of work, it is used quite often, especially in commercial premises - after all, in a cafe or on a pier, no one really looks at what small dots-screws are visible on the floor. For this method, we prepare ordinary screws. decking mount in a closed way will require special clips. They have an anti-corrosion coating and are metal plates. For 1 square meter coatings need to prepare about 21 pieces of such fasteners.
How to prepare the site where the terrace board will be fixed
Now we are preparing solid foundation. Depending on the place of work, it can be a solid concrete screed. In particular, it is necessary in a bath, or other wet room.
The second option could be aluminum logs. This works well if we are building a terrace, a veranda, an open area for a cafe. Logs are installed perfectly evenly, using a plumb line. If such an installation is made, the terrace board will be installed in accordance with all the rules and will serve faithfully for many years.
The third version of the base is metal beams. Perfect for moorings, embankments, in a word, for large spaces.
Also, we need to think carefully about water disposal. That is, to make the usual storm water, if we are talking about open spaces. The drainage system should also be thought out for baths, saunas, and similar premises. It is clear that when it comes to a home balcony or floor covering under a canopy, this important point can be omitted. But where rain is possible, the presence groundwater etc. - Drainage is mandatory. Remember that water should not accumulate either on the surface or under the coating. Also, when we mount the base on open field, it needs to be processed special composition from the growth of weeds. They perfectly germinate in concrete or in aluminum logs, therefore such processing is designated by us as an important point.
We lay the frame - one of the most milestones work
Let us dwell in more detail on such a moment as laying a frame made of aluminum logs. regular boards we will lay with the expectation that our decking will be located perpendicular to them. We make a distance of at least 300-400 millimeters between the frame boards, and at least 250 mm in places with increased load. This is quite enough.
We make gaps between the boards of 3 mm, and to the walls, the base of the structure, etc. there must be a distance of at least 20 mm. That is, we lay the first board not close to the wall (in the room, on the veranda, etc.), but slightly receding. The mentioned 2 cm are optimal.
We already wrote about the water drain, and in the case of laying a log, these can be plastic gutters that are installed in such a way as to ensure the flow of water so that it does not accumulate under the laid board.
And now you can start the process itself. Everything is ready, and the material will lie perfectly flat!
Laying decking: step by step
Now the central stage of work is the direct fastening of the decking on the selected site. We start work if the ambient temperature is +5 degrees Celsius. Let's start from fixed structures, it can be a wall or the beginning of a future path. First, we make holes for the screws and the starting clip, then we fasten the board to the log with them at an angle of 45 degrees to the support. Be sure to leave a gap between the wall and decking.
Next, you can attach the decking to the joists using clips, which are also fixed with self-tapping screws. Or fasten with ordinary screws. The terrace board is mounted quickly and without any questions. Smooth and quality material will not let even an inexperienced installer down! But it is worth remembering: we must leave the edges of the boards slightly protruding from the edge of the structure. Only after everything is completed, we will cut them with a regular circular saw;
Finishing: fixing the result of work
Now it is important not to lose everything that was done with high quality, well and competently. After all, the fastening of the terrace board is not the final, it needs to be well protected from possible damage, destruction and any impact.
Here is the most important point– well process the ends of the decking. We make it beautiful decorative G-profiles or corners that are matched exactly to the tone of the base material. You can close the edges with a plinth, or other similar structures, to the taste of the one who will continue to operate the entire structure. Make in the closing strips in advance small holes- to remove moisture. Along the entire length of the bar, diameter - up to 15 mm. Any decor, whether aluminum corners covering edges, or corners made of WPC, must be well fixed, using limiters, self-tapping screws or special glue, etc. Now the most nice moment– we wash labor dust from our hands, and from our super-coating.
What mistakes do both beginners and pros make?
Over the years of work, we have studied the whole range of mistakes that even those who are engaged in fastening the decking "professionally" "allow" themselves. We do not make such mistakes, and we want to warn you. After all, if you do all the work yourself, you must definitely read this paragraph and avoid mistakes that will nullify all the work done and interfere with further operation.
- Be sure to do ventilation gaps between the lags. From 300 millimeters, as mentioned, no less. In places of greatest load - at least 250 mm.
- Do not overtighten the screws. All fasteners must be tightened in moderation, just so as not to protrude above the surface.
- Pay attention to a properly organized drain. The accumulation of water can simply ruin the whole job.
- Install composite boards with small gaps. And be sure to make drainage holes in the finish (skirting boards, aluminum profile etc.).
- Simple rules of operation, following which you will use our decking for a long time
Terrace board from Deckman is durable and reliable material, which is not subject to rotting and mold, does not absorb water and does not deform. But, nevertheless, the accumulation of water in the structure for more than three days should not be allowed. No matter how strong resins our wood-polymer composite is impregnated with, it is worth remembering that it is still based on wood, and the material will withstand prolonged moisture, and stagnant water is not desirable;
Tips for using decking boards:
- Shovels, metal scrapers, coarse brushes, abrasive cleaners are not for decking. Ordinary rags for washing the floor, soft brushes - the one that is best used when cleaning up.
- When there are small defects on the surface from mechanical impact, for example, you can wipe them with fine sandpaper. Do this immediately after the scratches appear, and they will disappear, and the board will look the same as before. This kind minor repairs quite acceptable, and the board will not spoil.
- After installation, within 2-3 months, the board may change color slightly, but in the future it will remain so for the entire service life.
Deck, sauna, balcony… Rust spots can appear here, especially on light decking. Treat with a bleaching agent for linen, and immediately rinse thoroughly so that the substance does not corrode the natural color of the board. To prevent the appearance of rust spots from those items that constantly stand on such a floor (metal legs of tables and chairs, for example), it is worth making felt stickers on them.
Snow and ice with cottage path or porches should never be removed with a metal shovel, and ice should not be broken with an ice pick. So you can damage the coating, it is better to wait for the ice to melt, and remove the snow with a plastic shovel.
You can take care of the terrace board with the help of oils specially created for this, they are sold in supermarkets and in household departments. These oils provide additional protection and help you make your decking look like new ten years from now. Keep the decking clean, do not allow the accumulation of pollen and dirt - then it will last as long as possible!
If you have any questions about installing a decking board, call us or leave a request on the website, our managers will be happy to help you, as well as offer the best solution for installing decking.
When choosing any building (finishing) product, the buyer, last but not least, determines the appropriateness of its purchase, based on the possibility of self-assembly. In this regard, the terrace board fits perfectly. This article will tell you about all the features of its installation, taking into account the fact that decking (another, but not the only product name) can be made from various materials.
It is assumed that this is not a banal replacement of floorboards, but a whole range of measures, that is, the technology of laying flooring on your own in accordance with the full scheme.
Decking laying
Since it is intended mainly for outdoor work, best breed for production is larch. The peculiarity of this wood is that during operation it gradually “gains” strength, even partially absorbing moisture.
Decking is available with a smooth or corrugated surface ("Velvet"). There are also combined option With different design sides. But from the point of view of installation, there is no fundamental difference. It is only in the specifics of the use of boards, and the instructions for laying them are the same.
1. Preparation of the base.
There is only one requirement for it - strength. And this is understandable - in order to exclude loosening of the terrace boards, which entails a gradual deformation of the floor.
- Soil compaction. To reduce the level of humidity in the space under the decking, it is necessary to give the base some slope (within 4 0). This will provide spontaneous drainage of water, which will either penetrate through the floorboards (for example, rainwater) or condense under the floor. If the boards are mounted inside the building (or, for example, on covered veranda), this step should also not be neglected.
- Substrate arrangement. It is needed to compensate for the influence of soil movements on the entire structure. Usually a good thickness sand cushion- about 10 cm (after its compaction). If the soil in this area is characterized by excessive moisture, then geotextiles should be laid under the sand. This will prevent it from absorbing water from the soil and further moving it up to the decking.
- Laying material of solid fractions (crushed stone, expanded clay, gravel). If necessary, put drainage pipes. They differ from ordinary samples in that they have holes along their entire length, into which water enters, penetrating to this level. According to them, it is taken away from the site over which the terrace board is laid.
- Screed arrangement. When pouring the solution, it must be ensured that the solidified mass has a slope. It is advisable to lay the mesh for reinforcement before pouring the mortar. Especially in cases where in the future the terrace board will experience significant dynamic loads.
2. Installation log.
The peculiarity of their laying is that the base is at an angle, and the decking must be located strictly horizontally. Alignment is easy to do by placing wooden wedges or something else under the guide rail. As an option - in certain places, "raise" the screed by "spot" pouring concrete. The interval between lags is about half a meter, but this is the maximum.
The axial arrangement of the boards can be different, and the logs are laid perpendicular to them. In some cases, to ensure a reliable flow of water load-bearing frame rises. To do this, plastic or wooden "glasses" are installed under the logs.
3. Do-it-yourself decking styling features.
If terrace boards are mounted in an open space (veranda, garden paths), then a gap is necessarily left between them (to avoid the formation of puddles). Although this should be done when placed anywhere. Why? Do not forget about the temperature deformation of materials. This is also true for wood (though to a lesser extent).
Before proceeding with the installation of the boards, they must be kept at the installation site for at least a day to adapt to environmental conditions.
Mounting methods:
- Open. The boards are fixed on the logs with self-tapping screws, as nails can cause cracks. At the place of their installation, the holes are not only drilled, but also countersinked so that the heads of the parts are recessed into the wood. Then they are sealed with mastic and painted over.
- Closed. Special "clips" are used as fasteners. The technology for fixing the boards is clear from the figure, in fact, it is complete instruction. This installation is easy to do yourself.
As a rule, terrace boards are arranged parallel to the edges of the base. But there is another, less common styling scheme in which the decking is placed at an angle (diagonally). This technology is complex because it requires ultimate precision when cutting products and fitting them. It is unlikely that it will be possible to do all the operations qualitatively with your own hands.
Installation of the WPC
This is the name of composite terrace boards made on a polymer basis with the addition of wood dust or fibers. Preparatory activities, laying patterns are the same, the difference is only in the specifics of fastening. The day before the start of installation, it is removed from the decking protective film to acclimate the material.
WPC differ from wooden samples in that they have protrusions on the sides (these edges are even for larch products), fastening is done with brackets. The installation procedure is indicated in the instructions, so self-laying decking does not cause difficulties. The diagram gives an idea of the specifics of fixing the boards.
Placement of boards on concrete
This happens quite often. For example, if the old coating is dismantled. Or in the process of building a house, when the floors in all rooms are prepared for further finishing using the same technology. In fact, this work limited to the arrangement of the screed, and the "finish" finish is made based on the specifics of the room.
What is the feature? Any "rough" floor made of concrete is initially even, and the technology of laying the terrace board assumes that the base slope is provided. Therefore, you will have to make an additional screed to achieve the desired angle. In all other respects, the instructions are no different.
The appearance of a terrace board in the modern building materials market made it possible to assemble a base indoors and outdoors, which, in terms of its characteristics, will not yield to any known floor covering. Despite the seeming simplicity, the installation of a terrace board is not the easiest process. Although if you understand the laying technology, understand all the nuances of the ongoing processes, then even a beginner can handle it. Therefore, in the article we will consider the types of this building material and the technology of its installation.
Terrace board, she is deck, she is decking - these are planks certain sizes. They are made from two raw materials.
solid wood
For this, they are used various breeds wood: traditional and exotic. Board processing - two types: smooth (called planken), corrugated (called velveteen). The dimensions of the terrace board are wide variety, where the length varies between 1.5-4 m, width 100-200 mm, thickness 20-30 mm.
Wooden deck board
Before use, wooden panels must be treated with antiseptics and flame retardants: the first - biosecurity, the second - fire protection. Please note that solid wood decking must have a certain moisture content: classic breeds - 12%, exotic - 15%. This indicator can be measured directly in the store using a hygrometer.
The advantages of wood decking include:
- naturalness of the raw material;
- the ability to change the texture of the flooring by applying varnish, paints, wax and others;
- good resistance to various types loads: abrasion, shock, temperature changes;
- it is frost-resistant material;
- wooden planks do not slip either dry or wet;
- the laying of the terrace board is carried out by the fasteners offered by the manufacturers (brackets, kleimers) or ordinary wood screws.
Flaws:
- high humidity and direct contact with water - this is warping of the boards, their decay and cracking;
- will have to be constantly treated with protective compounds.
Wood-polymer composite
WPC raw material is a mixture of polymer (polypropylene, polyethylene and others) with wood flour. The latter is 30% of the total. Pigments and various fillers are added to the composition.
Today, manufacturers offer two types of WPC decking: solid and hollow. They are divided into two groups according to strength: domestic and commercial. The former are much cheaper than the latter. Color design - 40 shades, which makes it possible to choose the material in accordance with the design landscape design or interior space.
Hollow plank WPC
The standard size of the material is quite wide: length up to 6 m, width up to 160 mm, thickness up to 28 mm. It must be understood that modern market filled not only with trims from responsible manufacturers. There are many cheap low-quality products, so it is important to choose a material with good external data and accurate dimensions.
Advantages of the DPC:
- presentable appearance;
- variety in the design of the texture: smooth, aged, matte, lacquered;
- 100% water resistant;
- excellent biostability;
- the surface does not slip;
- withstands loads up to 500 kg / m²;
- operating temperature: from -20С to +40С;
- service life - up to 15 years;
- practicality - you can clean it with any household detergents.
Flaws:
- under the influence of sunlight, the coating gradually fades;
- under the influence of shock loads, chips and cracks can form;
- not the easiest installation process.
Terrace board installation technology
We proceed directly to the analysis of the installation of the terrace board. Like all construction processes, it is divided into two main stages: preparation and laying of material with fastening to the base.
Training
Preparation includes the construction of a reliable and even foundation. There are several options, but more often the decking is laid on a concrete base. It should be not only smooth and durable, but also dry. If the construction of the flooring is carried out on the ground, then in this case it is also necessary to take care of the strength of the base for the laid logs. To do this, you can use concrete products: paving slabs, blocks, etc., laid under the terrace.
Regarding the preparation of tools. To install the deck board you will need:
- screwdriver,
- saw or jigsaw;
- mallet and hammer;
- tape measure, iron ruler, pencil,
- building level.
Attention! If a decking structure is assembled on outdoors, care must be taken that the concrete base has a slight slope to remove precipitation. If the assembly is carried out on the ground, then several grooves should be made under the flooring, 3 cm wide, 2 cm deep.
Project development
An important stage on which the appearance of the flooring and its reliability depends. What you need to pay attention to:
- Distance between joists: 40 cm for hollow boards, 50 cm for solid boards.
- Gap between parts of the floor covering: 1-3 mm for domestic use, 4mm for outer.
- If the decking board is laid diagonally, then the distance between the lags decreases: at an installation angle of 45 ° within 25-30 cm, at an angle of 30 ° - 15-20 cm.
We proceed directly to the construction of the flooring on the terrace from the terrace board. Consider the installation of WPC strips, because this process requires certain skills and the use of special fasteners.
WPC board mounting technology
Log laying
WPC lining logs are used as a support for the terrace board. They are not load-bearing structures, perform the functions of leveling elements. They should not be embedded in a concrete solution, fastened together. Laying the lag can be carried out in height or width. The distance between the lags is no more than 40 cm.
lag mount
Fastening lag to concrete base made with metal dowels. To do this, drill a hole in the lag itself (the diameter is 2 mm larger than the diameter of the dowel), through the same hole and into concrete structure. A dowel is inserted inside and fastens the log to the concrete base.
Starting brackets
From one edge of the lag, it is necessary to install special starting brackets made of metal, which are attached to the lags with self-tapping screws (3.5x30 mm). The bracket should protrude slightly beyond the end of the log so that the decking exactly stands up with the end in the same plane.
Board laying
Laying is carried out so that the upper edges of the metal brackets enter into its groove. This will be the mount on the front side.
Mounting clips
To connect the boards to each other, different fasteners are used. One option is a plastic mounting clip. They are attached to the lags with self-tapping screws 3.5x30 mm. Fasteners are inserted with one side inside the already fixed terrace board. Fastening is carried out in such a way that the clip can slightly move in vertical plane. In this case, the head of the self-tapping screw should protrude on the mounting surface of the clip by 2-3 mm.
Continuation of the installation process
Next to the panel attached to the lags, the next one is installed. It is important to dock them so that the mounting clips fit snugly into the groove of the second floor element.
Tightening screws
After laying the terrace boards, all the self-tapping screws with which the mounting clips were screwed must be screwed up to the stop. The job requires precision.
This is what a nagel looks like
If the installation of a terrace board is carried out inside heated rooms, where the humidity difference is insignificant, then the assembly of the boards can be carried out in a gap-free way. For this, special fasteners made of plastic - dowels are used. They are attached to the groove of the material with self-tapping screws. The place of attachment of the dowel is the middle of the distance between the lags.
Terrace boards are attached to the joists with self-tapping screws (3.5x30 mm) through a groove. It is not worth the effort to carry out this type of work. This can lead to cracking of the floor material. In addition, tight screwing reduces tensile strength.
Self-tapping screws
The latter is attached to the lags with a starting bracket.
Anchoring the last board in the deck
To create an aesthetic appearance of the outer contours of the flooring, special plastic plugs are used.
Decorative caps
The plugs are installed from the end and secured with mallet blows. The work is simple, the main thing is not to score too much.
Plug installation
For decorative finishes can be used aluminum corner coated with anti-slip compound.
decorative corner
The corner is attached to the terrace cover with self-tapping screws, for which holes are first made.
Corner installation
As you can see, the technology of laying a terrace board is simple. It should be noted that there are many ways to attach the lag to the base. Here, not only a direct connection through dowels, you can use mounting brackets or clamps for this. The photo below shows one of these methods.
Fastening the log to the base using a special mounting bracket
Watch the video on how to lay a wooden deck board using special fasteners.
WPC parquet assembly technology
Do-it-yourself decking assembly technology differs from the installation of WPC parquet. Because the latter is assembled according to the assembly method of the puzzle constructor.
This is what it looks like parquet board from the DPC.
This is what the back side of the parquet looks like.
The floor material consists of base and parquet. The latter are easily detached from the base, just as easily they are connected to it. Mounting type - inserting spikes into grooves.
Shield Assembly
The shield has two adjacent edges with landing ears with holes. The other two adjacent edges have round spikes.
The essence of the connection of two parquet boards is that the spikes of one element must enter the mounting grooves of the second. Therefore, it is important to accurately orient the panels relative to the fasteners.
Mounting process
If you need to cut the parquet or make a cutout in the board, you can use a regular saw.
Cutting panels with a saw
From WPC parquet, an aesthetic floor base is obtained, non-slip, with excellent performance characteristics. It is not necessary to fix the floor material to the base.
The result of finishing
Facade finishing
Terrace board can also be used for finishing facades. Only such material is called a facade board. It is practically no different from the floor, and the laying technology is identical. Only logs are installed vertically in the plane of the facade wall.
For fastening facade board different fasteners are used to the crate. One of them is such a metal L-shaped product with a spike.
the first bottom bar fasten to the crate with self-tapping screws directly along the outer plane. After that, the fastener is installed in the end of the bar so that it rests with the second bent plane against the side plane of the crate.
With the help of a nail, the fastener is attached to the end face of the facade strip.
The second nail is driven into the crate.
The second board is laid on top of the first with a clamp to the crate.
The top bar is driven into the spike of the fastener. For this, a mallet is used and wooden block. Impacts should be carried out closer to the locations of the frame rails.
This is what the facade wall should look like after finishing
Typically, finishing in this way is a subtype of ventilated facades. Between facing material and the wall remains a space from which moist air vapors penetrating from interior spaces buildings are brought up without settling on the surface wooden cladding. Often under facade cladding install thermal insulation.
Photo review of finished flooring
So, laying a terrace board with your own hands is easy. Here are some photos showing where this material can be used.
Finishing the floor of an open terrace
Terrace planks around the pool
The original scheme of laying boards on a pedestal in the form of an open area for recreation
Finishing adjoining territory with installation of illumination in the form of spotlights built into the floor
Outdoor recreation area country house covered with deck board
WPC floor in a restaurant
Terrace flooring between two hotel buildings
Recreation area in the hotel, covered with terraced flooring with tables arranged with the same material
The original solution of the street dining area in the countryside
Terrace flooring made of larch in the decoration of a large area
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