Why vaccinate adenium. Adenium grafting is one of the ways to propagate succulents. Appearance and decorative qualities

I am interested in growing adeniums from seeds, this is a very exciting activity. But I also learned how to vaccinate in order to quickly propagate interesting varieties, mostly terry, the so-called triplets. It is the grafting that guarantees the purity of the variety. But when growing from seeds, it is not worth talking about the grade of adeniums. It is not right.

From a botanical point of view, adenium varieties are not varieties at all, they are hybrids. With seed propagation, their decorative features are not preserved, and flowering in this case will always be a surprise. But hybrids attract flower growers because there is always a chance to grow something unusually interesting and amazing. Therefore, when buying seeds, I do not advise you to believe beautiful Internet pictures, moreover, very often they are made using Photoshop. However, in recent years, many nurseries have begun to carry out manual pollination and this often increases the percentage of inheritance of the original forms and color of flowers, so that there is still a small percentage of obtaining the declared one.

When germinating seeds, if you dose the crops with drops, you can hardly hope for effective germination. In their homeland, adenium seeds begin their life journey precisely in the rainy season, so at this stage you should not be afraid of waterlogging. Up to three months, this does not threaten seedlings. I germinate seeds only in pure coco soil. And so far I have not found anything better for myself. It is quite breathable, holds moisture well, and most importantly, sterile. Does not contain diseases of the earth. Seed germination is always very good. I transplant seedlings usually in 2-3 weeks.

Good nutrition is the key to success

For some reason, many flower growers consider adenium akin to cacti and grow it as a desert plant. Yes, adenium is called the "desert rose" and it is a succulent, but not a cactus. Adenium loves to "eat" and "drink". So it makes no sense to keep it on a starvation diet, especially if you want to grow a good caudex (caudex is the thickening roots that push the matured adenium out of the ground. A beautiful caudex makes the adenium look like a bonsai) . It is the caudex that attracts me to them.

The key to success in growing adeniums is the right composition of the soil. Therefore, I prepare the soil quite nutritious, but always well air and moisture permeable. For growing seedlings, I use humus and coconut soil in equal proportions, I add somewhere else a quarter of perlite. Be sure to add a powder fraction of AVA long-acting fertilizer to the soil (already directly in a cup or pot) in the zone of future roots (its effect is calculated for a year). So in the process of growth, I practically do not feed my adeniums with anything else. In order not to have problems with plant diseases, I always prepare the soil in advance (2-3 weeks before planting) and add Fitosporin-M powder (10 g per bucket of soil) to it, which allows me to “cleanse” the soil from bacterial and fungal infections.

How to care

In the summer I water the plants quite abundantly, as the topsoil in the pot dries out. Reduce watering in winter. I water adult adeniums every 10 days, "kids" - more often. Temperature plays a big role here. My plants overwinter on the windowsills of the east and south windows, without additional lighting. In winter, hypothermia is detrimental to adeniums, especially when the soil is wet, therefore, in order to keep their “legs” warm, I cover the window sill with insulating and insulating material. In severe frosts at night, I put the pots from the window sills into the room.

Mature plants are transplanted annually. At the same time, I always raise the upper part of the caudex above the ground. There are no specific rules for how many centimeters to raise, I just do it visually, as I see fit. I do not wait for the drying of small roots (which turned out to be outside), I cut them off immediately. Sections are treated with 3% hydrogen peroxide.

Basically, I grow the most popular type of adenium - adenium obesum (Adenium obesum). Plants of this species are diverse in flowering, and they grow amazing caudex. I love arabicum - adenium arabic (Adenium arabicum) it's a different kind. It does not surprise with flowering, the flowers are often not very large and mostly white-pink-red tones. But he has chic caudex shapes. Grow with me and mini adeniums. These are wonderful, long-flowering plants. Moreover, I am interested in plants grown from seeds of Russian selection.

And now about vaccinations

Very interesting inoculations of mini adenium on arabicum. I do vaccinations according to the method of the well-known adenium grower Zhamyan Nimaev - “under the drill”. This is a very simple and effective method. A round hole is drilled into the rootstock (or made by any convenient sharp object) and a scion stalk is inserted into it. The grafting site is closed with grafting tape. I place the vaccine in greenhouse conditions. I cover it with a jar or put a transparent plastic bag on it, periodically air it. Usually after 2-3 weeks the vaccine takes root. It is better to do this in spring and summer, at the time of active growth.

Branching of roots and stem: is it worth it to "push"?

I am always surprised when I read how flower growers “operate” on their adeniums (mostly seedlings): they cut their central root, apical shoots, thus trying to speed up the branching of both the crown and the root system. Based on my experience, I want to say that most often such experiments do not give anything surprising. Adeniums grow an excellent root system without any outside interference. It is important not to take the pots "for growth", it is better to transplant once again by transshipment. In addition, adeniums bloom faster in cramped pots.

If you take stem branching, genetics plays a big role here, that is, the “pedigree” and quality of your seeds. I often branch even very small seedlings, others grow with “fishing rods”. If the seedlings are cut at an early age, the maximum that they will give is one or two replacement shoots. I do a very short pruning more often at a little over a year old, in which case side shoots from the caudex itself begin to grow and the plants become very attractive, with a beautiful compact crown.

Many flower growers use various chemicals to speed up the branching of their adeniums. Most often, these are various growth hormones, both liquid and in the form of a paste or powder. I'm always amazed at how thoughtlessly they do it. Such drugs, if they come into contact with the skin or respiratory tract, are not at all safe. You need to work with them very carefully, observing all safety measures (gloves, face mask). And the results are not so significant and surprising - they are not worth risking your health.

Trimming Rules

Adult adeniums should be pruned annually. At the same time, take into account that a short pruning will give the growth of lateral shoots, and a longer one - the awakening of flower buds.

Pruning the root also has little effect on the growth of the caudex. Species is also at the forefront here, and the appearance of your plant will tend to the appearance of the “ancestors”.

If there are small children in the house, it is better to place adeniums in a place inaccessible to them. And be sure to wash your hands and tools after trimming adeniums.

Material provided by the editors of the newspaper "Flowers for Home and Garden", Nizhny Novgorod (No. 11, 2015)

Flower growers often call adenium a very plastic plant. From it, as if from plasticine, amazing bouquets of multi-colored succulents are molded, surprising enthusiastic spectators with flowers of distinctive colors cherished on one caudex. Adenium grafting is also an opportunity to get a rare and very delicate variety in your collection, which is difficult to grow on your own roots.

What is a vaccination? This is the engraftment of a cut twig from one plant, usually varietal and rather capricious compared to a simple succulent, to another grown from seeds of ordinary adenium species. The implanted pagon is called a scion, and the plant on which it is grafted is called a rootstock. There is another term often used and carried out by flower growers - multi-grafting, when several branches taken from plants of different varieties are simultaneously planted on one caudex.

For successful engraftment of the scion, it is important to observe several basic conditions:

The plants on which the scion is cut and the rootstocks must be healthy and actively developing.
From the first point it follows that the best time for vaccination is spring or summer, when all living things are in the active phase of their development. However, there are cases when it is urgent to save a plant from, and then the following points of the conditions are important.
Grafted plants must be kept at sufficiently high thermometer readings - at least 22–24 degrees Celsius.
For the period of implantation of the scion, the succulent should be provided with good, but diffused lighting, without direct sunlight.
Humidification should be moderate, it is important to ensure that water droplets during irrigation do not fall on the line of growth of the scion and rootstock in order to avoid the appearance of putrefactive processes.
During all vaccination manipulations, it is necessary to use sharp disinfected instruments - a knife, a scalpel, a blade.
Not a single branch of its own can be left on the stock, otherwise it will survive the varietal branch, and it will fade, and the plant will direct all its forces to the formation of its own pagons.
The graft covered with plastic wrap on top must be regularly ventilated so that condensation does not accumulate inside, which provokes the appearance of mold and rot.

Types of vaccinations

There are several ways to engraft on the stock of the scion. Each of them requires a certain skill and skills, it cannot be said that one is better and the other is worse. Perhaps some species will seem simpler to an inexperienced grower.

The first vaccination is not always successful, so you should not immediately build special illusions. However, adenium growers with a considerable practice of successful vaccinations always reassure beginners - if everything is done correctly, following the recommendations, then the scion will surely grow successfully with the stock.

In split

It is considered the simplest vaccination. The stock is cut horizontally, a vertical incision is made on it in the middle. The scion branch is cut with a wedge, which is inserted into the cut trunk above the caudex. The vaccination site is tightly tightened with fum-tape. A plastic bag is put on top. After one and a half to two weeks, it is already clear whether the vaccine grows together or not.

A successful result - the scion did not wrinkle and did not rot. The tape can already be removed, and it is advisable to leave the polyethylene shelter for another week.

wedge-shaped

On the stock, cut horizontally, a cut is made in the form of the letter V, and a wedge is cut out in the lower part of the scion so that it fits exactly in size to the cut. Some skill is required here, because it is not always possible to guess with the size of the wedge.

The wedge is inserted into the V-shaped incision, and the joint is also wrapped with fum tape, and the entire graft is covered with plastic wrap. This method seems a bit more complicated than cleft grafting.

eyeball

One of the most difficult to perform vaccinations. An incision is made on the rootstock at an obtuse angle. A bud is cut off from a plant used as a scion with a shallow wedge so as not to harm the donor succulent. The kidney is tightly inserted into the incision of the rootstock and tightened around with a fum tape. The top is covered with a plastic bag.

Ladder

This method is similar to wedge grafting, but simplified by the fact that the rootstock is not cut horizontally, but with a ledge with a right angle. Exactly the same ledge is formed on the scion, which is tightly applied to the stock and wound around with a ribbon. Further, the principle is the same as in other vaccinations - polyethylene on top and ventilation to ensure air circulation.

Flat, or flat (flat-graft)

For flat grafting, you will need a fragment of polyethylene about 15x15 in size and ordinary pharmaceutical gum. If the scion is with leaves, they simply manage with the help of a fum tape. A horizontal cut is made on both the stock and the scion. It is not necessary that the diameters of the fused parts match, although if they are almost the same, the grafting site becomes almost invisible over time.

If the scion is without leaves, it is covered with polyethylene, pressed tightly against the rootstock and tightened around with an elastic band. A twig with leaves is tightly attached to the rootstock with a fum tape, covered with a plastic bag on top. Ventilate or make small holes in polyethylene for air access.

Drill

The method of grafting adenium with a drill was first used by an adenium grower from Ulan-Ude, Zhamyan Nimaev. A hole up to 1 cm deep is drilled in the stock. The skin is removed from the handle at the same distance from the edge. The twig is inserted into the drilled hole and wrapped with tape.

The method was originally announced for grafting thin twigs into caudex, but now it is used for scioning of different diameters, not necessarily small ones.

Grafted adenium care

For 2-3 weeks, the tape is not removed and they try not to look endlessly, satisfying their curiosity about how everything grows together there. Only after this period, if new leaves have hatched, can the tape be removed. If no new growths are observed, wait another week. Usually within a month, the vaccine takes root, otherwise it is considered unsuccessful.

The plant all this time is kept in its usual conditions, subject to the required level of illumination and temperature. Watering is moderate, moderately plentiful. adenium growers do not mention, during this period, most likely, it is better to refrain from them, and resume after the successful implantation of the scion on the stock.

It is important! Some flower growers are interested in whether it is possible to vaccinate and transplant at the same time. Definitely not, extra stress is undesirable for the succulent, so it is better to transplant after the successful completion of the vaccination.

Causes of unsuccessful fusion of the scion with the stock

After the first disappointment from a failed vaccination, the grower tries to understand what was done wrong, so as not to repeat the mistake on the next attempt.

So, most of the reasons come down to a few main ones:

the rootstock was unsuccessfully chosen - a too young, inactively developing plant, which is sometimes called "sleeping";
unevenly made edges of the cuts, which have become an obstacle in the snug fit of the spliced surfaces - as a result, such grafts do not overgrow cracks and holes for a long time;
non-compliance with temperature conditions during the maintenance of the graft, especially the root system of the rootstock - hypothermia is fraught with the fact that fusion occurs very slowly and sluggishly;
The “sleeping” graft will also not become a successful participant in the vaccination; it is necessary to choose branches that are actively growing and forming new leaves (the only exception is the adenium with a rotten caudex that dies during the winter holidays).

Adeniums are extremely plastic, the survival rate of grafting is high, which is explained by the property of the plant to accumulate nutrients in the cell sap, the ability to regenerate the tissues of the stems, caudex, roots, and leaves.

Types of vaccinations

In split

For grafting, a cut is made on the trunk (stock), deepen it with a wedge-shaped split, and blot with a napkin from excess juice. The graft, taken from a beautifully flowering adenium, is sharpened with a wedge so that it matches the size of the split.

The scion with pointed ends is inserted into the split, making sure that the cuts match each other in size.

Wrap the graft with fum or cling film, trying not to break the connection of the sections. The split graft is modified: after it has completely grown together and started to grow, it is cut off, leaving a stump.

The stalk is used for another grafting, and the stump will give abundant growth of shoots after pruning.

The number of shoots can be adjusted by pruning, which also stimulates growth. Shoots are formed by giving them a bizarre shape with the help of wire.

In Butt (Flat Flat Grafting)

The diameter of the rootstock with this method does not have to match the diameter of the scion. Several grafts can be placed on one flat cut of the rootstock.

The main condition for compatibility is that there must be an area where the cambial layers of the parts of the graft coincide. Attach such a flat graft with tape.

"Under the drill"

The inventor of the "under the drill" graft uses thin cuttings as a scion, from the bottom of which the skin is removed. A recess of 1 cm is drilled in the caudex, the cutting is tightly inserted into it.

eyeball

Jewelry grafting with an eye or a wedge requires utmost attention, the juice that stands out in large quantities must be blotted. A kidney cut with a wedge is applied to a corresponding wedge-shaped recess in the rootstock. The junction is fixed with a film until the tissues grow together and the kidney awakens.

The grafted plant should not be placed in direct sunlight;
remove the fixing film after the start of sap flow;
at the junction of the sections, remove all shoots on the rootstock.

failures

The leaves turn black next to the graft - the introduction of a fungal infection, the result of a violation of the sterility of the working tool.
The appearance of icteric color of the leaves - rotting due to moisture.

Adenium Grafting Basics
Grafting is one of the methods of vegetative propagation of plants, known to mankind since ancient times.
Even 5 thousand years ago, the Egyptians successfully used grafting in viticulture. The Greeks picked up this knowledge, followed by the Romans, and then all of Europe.
In the picture: agriculture of the ancient Egyptians.
Oddly enough, despite the long history of use, for a long time the vaccine had no scientific justification. And only approximately in the second half of the 18th century did they begin to engage in the scientific development of its methods, which was reflected in the works of the French botanists Duhamel and Tuen.
A bit of terminology. Source: Great Soviet Encyclopedia.
Grafting in crop production- transplantation, transplantation of a twig (cutting) or bud (eye) of one plant (scion) to another (stock). The cambium of the rootstock and the scion are in close contact with one another, as a result of which their complete fusion occurs. A single, normally functioning plant organism is formed. Grafting is one of the most important methods of vegetative propagation of fruit varieties. In addition, it is used to preserve the varietal characteristics of perennial plants; replacement of a rootstock (which is not adapted to the given soil and climatic conditions) or a scion with a more economically valuable, winter-hardy, disease and pest resistant; acceleration of the beginning of fruiting; treatment of plants with damaged bark; creation of decorative creeping and dwarf forms of plants.
Scion- a stalk or shield (part of the bark) with a bud (eye) of a cultivated variety, grafted onto another plant (rootstock).
Rootstock- plants or parts thereof, on which the grafting of a cultivar - scion has been carried out. Rootstocks can be seed (seedlings or wilds) and vegetative origin. Rootstock and graft, growing together, form a single plant organism, but perform different functions. The stock supplies the grafted plant with mineral and synthesized organic substances, water, and the scion supplies the products of assimilation. This feature in the nutrition of the grafted plant leads to a complex relationship between scion and rootstock and their mutual influence.

Why is vaccination needed in adenium breeding? Some novice flower growers, apparently constantly confronted with information about flowering grafted adeniums, often ask: will an ungrafted adenium bloom? Of course it will be. Adenium grafting is not needed for flowering. First of all, it is a method of reproduction.
It's no secret that the seed reproduction of adenium does not guarantee the reproduction of the variety. Therefore, it is precisely when you need to get an identical flowering that grafting is used. Cuttings are also suitable, but grafting is preferable, because. the percentage of survival of adenium grafts is higher than rooting cuttings.
Sometimes grafting is used to save space. Instead of growing 2, 3, 4, etc. adeniums in different pots, several grafts per caudex can be done. Thus, precious pot space is saved, and the number of varieties in the collection remains the same.
And grafting can also help in an emergency situation, when one plant dies for some reason and it is urgent to save the variety by grafting a branch not affected by the disease onto another plant. Of course, the risk of failure in this case is high, but the preservation of the variety dear to the heart is worth it.

It is a pleasure to vaccinate on adenium, because it is easy. This plant in terms of vaccinations has amazing vitality, the ability to splice and heal wounds. Even if you have never tried anything like this before, the chances of success are almost 100%. The main thing is to follow a few simple rules.

1. Plant health. Both the rootstock and the scion must be completely healthy. If we are talking about saving a variety, this is a special case in which the survival rate is greatly reduced.
2. The growing season. Both plants must be in a vegetative state. You can use branches taken from a dormant plant as a scion, but this is associated with an increased risk of non-survival. In most cases, the graft will still grow together, but the splice site is likely to be very sloppy.
It is nonsense to vaccinate a dormant rootstock.
3. Watered plants. In a couple of days, it is advisable to water both adeniums so that by the time of inoculation the turgor is completely restored.

4. Sterile instruments. After each operation, it is advisable to wipe the cutting surface with an alcohol-containing liquid.
Watching videos of overseas adenium growers, you can see that they don’t bother much with disinfection. But it is also worth paying attention to their scale. A few bad shots are unlikely to bother them. We, having no such plantations, are interested in every plant. Therefore, do not neglect what will increase the chance of success and at the same time is easy to do.
5. The sharpness of the knife. The smoother the cuts, the better and faster the graft will grow together. It also affects the accuracy of its appearance. A blunt instrument does not cut the cells, but crushes them. Such "cuts" do not grow together well.
There are several hundred methods of vaccination. In production, 10-15 is mainly used.

In our case, even so much is not needed, therefore, in the following articles, only the most basic 5-6 will be considered. Depending on the method, certain additional devices and tools are used, but there is a basis that will be needed in almost all cases.

1. Knife. Ideally, a scalpel with a wide, thin blade. The steel from which surgical instruments are made does not react with adenium sap.
You can use stainless steel knives. Similar ones are used for various types of work in carpentry, leather, etc. cases.
Most often, amateur adenium growers use a paper cutter - very convenient. The only drawback is the instant reaction of steel with plant sap. Hence the mandatory use of paragraph 2.
2. Disinfector. In fact - any alcohol-containing liquid suitable for this, whether it is alcohol itself, vodka, or, in extreme cases, cologne. Disinfection is especially relevant when using a paper cutter. After each cut, it is necessary to wipe the rapidly blackening plant juice from the blade.

3. Winding for fixing the vaccine. The Fum plumbing tape is remarkably suitable and successfully used by many adenium growers. Plastic tape will work too.
4. Transparent package to maintain moisture.

One of the most common myths about adeniums is that in order for it to bloom, you need to be vaccinated. This is complete nonsense: seedlings grown from seeds bloom beautifully without any additional manipulations. Let's, nevertheless, figure out what vaccinations are for then, and at the same time find out how to do them at home.

What is a vaccination

Not everyone understands what is hidden under the concept of "variety" in adenium breeding. If you have grown an adenium from seeds and it has flourished somehow uniquely, and not with simple pink or red single-row flowers, then this will be a new variety. You can even come up with a name for it.

To propagate it for someone, you have to cut off a cutting or graft it. Otherwise, creating an exact copy of flowering will not work. Even after receiving seeds from a mother plant, you will not be able to grow adenium from them with exactly the same flower.

Unfortunately, varietal characteristics during seed propagation in the desert rose are only partially inherited. And no matter how much you sow, each time you will receive a new variety, and not a repetition of the old one. Of course, flowering seedlings can look very much like their parents and even surpass them in beauty. But here we are never talking about full reproduction or cloning.

For lovers of surprises and intrigues, the seeds are ideal. Everyone else who wants to have a specific flowering on their window should opt for cuttings or grafting adenium.

Propagating a desert rose with cuttings is not the easiest task - its branches do not take root very willingly. In addition, this method is more difficult to get a beautiful caudex. More often, flowering sticks come out of them, and not bizarre shapes.

It is much easier in this regard to vaccinate or buy a ready-made one. Plants from Asian nurseries will cost an average of 1,400 rubles apiece. It will be much cheaper to get a branch from a beautiful varietal adenium and cope with the manipulation on your own. The cost of one cutting on the Russian market is about 300-500 rubles. And if you have a familiar florist who will share the process, then it’s completely free.

This is how the cuttings sent by mail look like. Rooting this is not easy.
There are five main ways to graft adenium, each of which has its pros and cons. Usually practicing collectors choose one favorite and use only it. That is, there are no situations when one method is more suitable than another - it all depends on personal preferences. But sometimes you have to try everything to understand which one will be easier, more convenient, and most importantly, more successful for you.

In any case, mastering this skill is very useful. After all, re-grafting a cutting from a dying plant may be the only chance to save the variety.

General vaccination rules

A rootstock is a plant that is grafted onto. For this purpose, large specimens with a beautiful caudex are more suitable. Adenium should not sleep and have a sealed crown. Choose those that are in the active growth phase and drive young leaves. This will ensure good movement of the juice, and therefore, increase the percentage of survival. The best time for scheduled vaccination is spring or summer.

A graft is a cutting that is used for grafting. Ideally, it should not be cut from a dormant plant. If you save a variety of unadapted grafted adenium from a nursery, then the chance is one in ten. Awakened branches have a much higher chance of success.

Place cuttings received by mail in water overnight, dropping HB-101 into it. You can also add a little charcoal, which will reduce the risk of rotting.

A very important condition is the observance of sterility. Do not touch the cuts with your fingers, make them only with a clean blade. To disinfect and wipe it, use alcohol-containing antiseptics.

For work, it is better to choose a ceramic knife, since an ordinary iron one oxidizes under the influence of adenium juice. But disposable tools are also suitable: a scalpel, a clerical knife, a razor blade.

Use only a sharp blade - the branches of the plant are very dense and hard. It will be difficult to carefully cut them with a blunt knife.

Do not let the cuts wind out - the faster you do everything, the more successfully it will grow together.

Before the procedure, the stock and scion should not be dried. Two days before vaccination, they need to be watered, and not freshly cut cuttings, soak overnight in water, as described above.

To maintain high humidity, put a small plastic bag on the graft. This is not required when using the flat method.

After manipulation put plants in a well-lit and warm place. But not under direct sunlight, otherwise the scion will boil and be rejected.

When the first buds hatch on the grafted cutting, you can remove the package.

Some methods use fum tape, cling film, or special grafting tape, depending on your preference. Any of the listed materials are removed approximately two weeks after the procedure. Do not allow water to enter the place where the winding is attached to the grafted area - this can cause rotting.

Work with adenium wearing rubber gloves and wash your hands thoroughly after you finish all procedures. The plant is poisonous and its sap can, at the very least, irritate the skin. Safety is important in any business.

Scion and rootstock may not match in size and layers - this is rather an aesthetic moment. But the cutting used should not be larger in diameter than the branch on which it is grafted. As a result, the protruding edges will be deprived of nutrition and shrivel, which will increase the risk of rejection.

Types of vaccinations

Grafting "in split" or "V-shaped"

One of the easiest ways, but less aesthetic. The inoculation site looks rough, sloppy and unnatural. And unfortunately, the scar will never heal completely.

Required to complete

Napkins for injections.

Ceramic knife.

One of the materials for wrapping: fum tape, cling film or special grafting tape.

Packet or gripper.

Process

Vaccination "wedge"

This view is very similar to the previous one, but requires more accuracy and some skill. Its main advantage is that the scars in the grafting area become almost invisible as the plant grows.

For this procedure, you will need the same tools and materials as in the case of the "split" technique.

Process

We make a cross section on the rootstock, and then we make a wedge in it. Although the incision can be made anywhere: both in the caudex and on the side of the branch.

After we take the cutting for the scion and sharpen its end exactly under the notch that you prepared on the rootstock. Since the grafted branch will grow faster than the rootstock, it is better to take it smaller in diameter.

We connect both elements and tighten the winding very tightly. The tissues should adjoin each other to the maximum, the final aesthetics of the fusion will depend on this.

We put on the bag and place the plant in a warm, bright place. The rest of the steps will be the same. The only moment - do not rush to remove the winding, hold it longer.

One kidney graft

This is not a separate type of technique, but rather a modification of the “split” technique. They came up with this method in Thailand. When carrying out this procedure, you need to follow all the same steps as with the "V-shaped" vaccination. Only instead of a cutting, one bud cut from a branch is used - the area on which the leaf used to grow.

Such a jewelry operation is very difficult to carry out. But it will allow you to make the scar from the vaccination minimal. In addition, you can save on genetic material - one cutting is enough for several vaccinations. This is especially true when we initially have a very small branch on our hands.

Vaccination "under the drill"

A relatively young and slightly extreme grafting technique that not everyone dares to do. But the motivation of its supporters is understandable: you can graft a cutting into any part of the rootstock, a very high percentage of survival, and the place of fusion will almost not be visible.

Of the minuses of this method: under the influence of the drill, the barrel may burst, and the disinfection of the instrument is not very simple. In addition, if the vaccine does not take root and rots, the infection quickly spreads deep into the rootstock.

In addition to the basic tools from the previous methods, you will need a drill with a drill that will be thinner than the handle. Instead, you can use a sharp nail.

Process

Consider the classic version with grafting into the top of the trunk.

We make a cross section on the rootstock.

We drill a hole in it with a depth of about one centimeter. It should be smaller in diameter than the stalk so that it does not stagger and sits tightly inside.

From the branch for the scion, we clean the top layer of the bark. This must be done at the same distance as the length of the drilled hole in the barrel. Insert the scion into the rootstock hole.

Using a winding in this method is optional, but just in case, you can.

At the end, we put on the package and wait for the result.

"Flat" graft or "flat graft"

Photo: Angeles Mayorga Lopez
A very simple technique used by most nurseries in Asia. The fusion sites are neat and tighten well as they grow. The only negative is that in order to securely fasten the stalk, it must be thick enough. Thin branches will be strongly bent, it is inconvenient to fix them.

In addition to the classic grafting tool kit, you will need a thin rubber band. For fixation, it is easiest to use a transparent cling film or a special grafting tape.

Process

We make a flat transverse cut on the rootstock.

Then the same on the scion, only on both sides, to make a small cylinder.

The cuts should be very even, making it easy to match them. No need to wipe the current juice from them, it will help the splicing process.

As tightly as possible, we press the cut stalk to the stock.

To keep all this, we use a film, which we apply from the top of the scion to the trunk of the stock plant and fix it with an elastic band.

Do not rush to remove the winding. Leave it on for at least two weeks. If you hurry, the vaccine will grow unevenly. Since the film is transparent, the moment of awakening of the kidneys will be visible through it. For them, you can cut holes without removing the fixing structure. Additionally, it is required to put on a bag only when the vaccination site is not completely covered with a winding.

If the stalk is not firmly fixed enough, the graft will either not take root, or will grow together with one edge. She can also move to one side, which will also spoil the appearance of the plant.

It is best to choose a stalk slightly smaller than the stock as a scion. If they are the same, then the grafted part will quickly overtake the donor, which looks ugly.

Grafting "on glue"

Came to us from nurseries in Thailand, where breeders use this method not only to graft branches, but also to form a caudex. When a show specimen has an asymmetrical root system, they fix it with glue. Such vaccinations grow together well and do not leave scars.

This method will require instant cyanoacrylate adhesive and no wrapping tools will be required.

Process

Try, experiment - you will surely succeed. It is very useful for any adenium grower to be able to vaccinate - this will help both save the variety and beautifully form the crown of the plant.