Repair of a soft roof - technology of carrying out. Roofing works - soft, built-up and membrane roofs Minor repairs of soft roofs

Maintainability is a strong argument in favor of flexible materials used in the arrangement of roofs of private houses. Most of the damage to bituminous tiles and roll coatings will be repaired by the owner of the house with his own hands without any problems.

He does not need sophisticated equipment and the fundamental knowledge of an experienced roofer. You will need confidence in your own abilities and the basics of skill, according to which the soft roof of low-rise buildings is being repaired.

Commonplace leaks are usually a convincing signal that tells about the need for roof repair. They appear for various reasons, which include:

• Design violations. Among them are errors in the arrangement of the layers of the roofing cake, incorrectly calculated thickness of the insulation, incorrectly selected coating, etc.
• Installation errors. This is a failure to comply with the technology: incorrectly installed fasteners, insufficient application of the adhesive composition and similar mistakes.
• Household damage. Their list most often includes punctures and breaks in the coating resulting from inaccurate movement on the roof, falling heavy objects with pointed edges, heavy wind, cleaning with a metal shovel.

To correct defects formed as a result of design violations, a major overhaul is needed. Not every home master will be able to cope with it without professional assistance. But the damage indicated in the second and third paragraphs is eliminated during the current repair. It does not require global dismantling, a large amount of work and the performance of highly complex operations. Almost all damage included in the current repair area is available to an inexperienced performer. Let's consider them.

Determining the location of damage

Traces of violation of the integrity of the coating do not always appear during the period of active snowmelt and rainfall. Although the ceiling, the attic sheathing, dampened rafters, wet due to liquid precipitation, are reasonably considered to be one hundred percent indicator. It happens that atmospheric moisture that has penetrated under the coating for some time first “runs” along the waterproofing, and then seeps into the gap that has finally met on its way. According to popular wisdom, water will always find a “hole” for itself, and it can also “grind a stone”. Where can we deal with its impact on the wooden truss system, crate and mineral wool insulation.

In the name of the long-term service of the roof, inspections must be carried out regularly, 4 times a year. They are needed for the timely identification of existing and emerging breakthroughs, which sooner or later will definitely make themselves felt. So that the consequences of small punctures, cracks, potentially dangerous blisters do not take on an emergency character, the roof is inspected each time in two stages, these are:

• Studying the condition of the roof structure from the attic with a thorough check of wet spots and the degree of damage to system parts.
• Inspection of the roof covering from the outside with a detailed inspection of defects and revision of places of possible water penetration.

It should be noted that the wet spots identified from the attic do not always coincide with the existing holes found on the outside of the roof. The causes and effects of leaks practically coincide or are closest to each other on flat roofs. This is not typical for pitched structures: in reality, water penetrates higher than it leaves its destructive traces. This circumstance must certainly be remembered by the researcher of his own skates.

Roof repair technologies

The revision of the roof allows you to understand whether the home master will be able to repair the soft roof on his own, or it is better for him to resort to the services of builders. There are no fundamental snags with the current operations to eliminate defects in soft coatings. If the owner has not forgotten how to hold a tool in his hands, he is able to repair a roof covered with flexible tiles, a membrane and bitumen-polymer roll material.

Situation #1 - Replacing shingles of shingles

Minor roof leaks with shingles are corrected by replacing the damaged elements. The most common cause of holes in it is walking in frosty weather, when the bituminous coating becomes brittle. You can make a hole by cleaning off the snow with a shovel or by dropping the tool on the surface. In addition, poorly fixed shingles can be torn off by a heavy gust of wind.

Holes in the coating tend to grow, as a result, part of the tile or the whole shingle comes off. Even if the owner is not embarrassed by the loss of aesthetic indicators, the element must be changed. And for a competent repair, you should familiarize yourself with the repair technology of a soft tiled roof and with the sequence of actions for replacing it.

It is not necessary to install a new shingle, which includes three parts with petal ends. Sometimes it is enough to replace only one petal. However, having in stock a few pieces with a similar color coating is very useful. They are needed precisely then, so that at any time it is possible to restore the coating.

Let's analyze the sequence of work on replacing 1/3 of the shingle, i.e. parts with a torn petal. To replace it, we need to remove that part of the tile that is covered by the elements laid on top. It is impossible to fasten a bituminous detail over a piece of shingle that has not been removed. After all, the surface relief resulting from the “lining” can become a new cause of coating rupture.

Algorithm for repairing bituminous tiles with one torn petal:

• We determine the repair area and the installation points of the roofing nails intended for removal. It is advisable to mark them with chalk so that the park does not unfasten the part of the coating that is unnecessary for repair.
• Carefully lift two rows of tiles over the area to be restored. Because the nails hammered into the lower part of the untorn part of the tile are the first to overlap from the damaged one. There are also upper mounts under the second one from the nearby damaged coating.
• We install a small flat mount so that it wedges the tiles laid on top.
• With a nail puller, remove the fasteners of the torn petal.
• Similarly, we dismantle the nails that fastened the element to be removed.
• Using scissors for metal, cut off the damaged part of the tile.
• We remove the cut off part, trying not to damage adjacent elements.
• We cut off a third from the spare shingle for replacement, lubricate the back with bituminous mastic.
• We install our repair tab instead of the removed part, align it with respect to neighboring elements and hammer nails, stepping back from the previous place by 3-5mm in a direction convenient for driving.
• We fix our tab on four sides.
• We process the heads of newly installed nails and fasteners of adjacent tiles with bitumen-polymer resin or mastic.
• We apply mastic on the back side of all raised tiles.
• We press the repair area to the crate and are pleased to understand that the current repair of the soft tiled roof has been successfully completed.

Both in the case of numerous damages, and in the case of replacing the entire bituminous shingle, they act according to the above algorithm.

If a roof covered with flexible tiles flows along the junction lines, then the cause should be sought in the cracking of the sealant, the detachment of the waterproofing carpets attached to the penetration, or, again, in violation of the penetration technology. In such situations, the tiles in the repair area, most often around the pipe or along the parapet line, are unfastened. And after the defect is eliminated by the described method, they are laid in place.

Situation #2 - Membrane Roof Repair

Holes and holes in the roofing membrane are the result of incorrect operation. Walking on a polymer-coated roof is only allowed on footpaths laid specifically for its maintenance. Tracks are constructed from an elastomeric strip with an anti-slip relief, produced by the manufacturers of this roofing material. To remove snow from the membrane, use a plastic or wooden shovel.

Small defects in the membrane roof are repaired by installing patches:

• According to the actual dimensions of the hole, we make a patch, the outline of which should overlap the damaged area by at least 5 cm in all directions. Round off the edges of the patch.
• Thoroughly wipe the area to be repaired with a damp cloth to remove dirt and dry it with a building hair dryer.
• We weld the patch in one step to the surface. We place the nozzle of the welding device diagonally to the seam line. The welded surfaces are immediately rolled with a silicone roller. We direct all movements from an imaginary center to the periphery.

In case of severe contamination of the surface around the hole, the patch can be placed under the coating and welded in a similar way. You can rent a manual welding machine from a specialized company or a tool store.

If a welding device is not at hand to eliminate the defect, it is permissible to seal the gap with butyl rubber tape:

• We cut the damaged material so that there are no frayed edges and flaps.
• If there is damaged waterproofing under the membrane, we cut it too.
• We clean and dry the area of ​​​​the roof and the waterproofing carpet to be repaired. Soap stains and greasy marks on the membrane should not be.
• We repair the waterproofing by applying a patch with rounded edges to the waterproofing sheet, pre-treated with bitumen-polymer mastic.
• We glue the patch from the butyl tape, first removing the protective film from its back side.
• With effort, we “walk” over the patch with a silicone roller or simply with a hand with a dry rag.
• We process the edges of the patch with polyurethane sealant.

The materials used to repair the membrane must be compatible with the coating. Before applying the patch, the surface should be primed.

In addition to gaps and cracks during operation, flaws in the installation of the membrane may appear. The most common manifestation is delamination of the strip along the welded seam. In such cases, the coating is not patched, but the poorly welded strip is removed and a new one is laid. It is recommended to duplicate the new seam from above with a welded strip of material with an approximate width of 10 cm.

Situation # 3 - elimination of defects in bituminous roofing

The fight against defects in bitumen and bitumen-polymer coatings is carried out along all fronts characteristic of soft roofs using characteristic repair methods. Common types of damage include:

• Punctures, breakthroughs, gaps resulting from illiterate operation.
• Cracking of the coating in the adjoining areas, formed due to the movements of the building structure not taken into account by the designer.
• Blisters that have arisen above the places of moistening of thermal insulation. The reason may be laying the coating on top of a wet insulation or punctures in the vapor barrier layer from the inside.
• Shallow depressions in a roof covering, formed when it is attached to an unrepaired concrete or cement-sand base with potholes.
• Leaks around roofing penetrations, the prerequisites for the appearance of which are most often poor-quality pasting of the adjacent area with a waterproofing carpet or its mechanical damage.
• Sliding of a rolled coating laid on the vertical planes of adjacent walls, pipes, parapets.
• Peeling of the roofing carpet from the base due to insufficient adhesion to it, which arose due to the lack of soil or poor heating of the back side of the rolled material.

Holes in the roofing carpet, the cause of which is incorrect operation, are not without reason leading the list of situations to be repaired. Damage to rolled material is often of mechanical origin.

Options for fixing minor defects:

• Small breaks and punctures do not require a complete replacement of the coating, a patch is sufficient. The dimensions of the patch should cover the gap by 10 cm in all directions, its edges should be rounded. The patch is applied to the cleaned primed surface from above, if the base was a cement-sand screed or an uninsulated reinforced concrete slab. The patch is placed under the cut material if the basis for laying was wood flooring, plywood, OSB sheet and similar materials. Large cracks are repaired by the same method.
• Small fracturing is eliminated by filling the damaged area with bitumen-polymer mastic, applied in two layers. Coarse-grained topping is applied over the second layer of mastic.
• Swellings that are insignificant in area should first be incised crosswise and dried with a hair dryer on the wet layers of the roofing cake. The corners of the cut turn outward in the form of petals and are scrupulously cleaned of dirt. The dried rear of the petals is heated with a propane torch, applied in place and rolled with a roller. A patch of identical roll material is placed on top of the notch.

Impressive swellings and gaps dictate the need for a major overhaul of the built-up soft roof with the replacement of the layers of the roofing cake that have had time to get wet. In order not to come to major alterations, the regularity of the inspection should be observed. Repair work is recommended to coincide with the days when the thermometer does not fall below +5ºС and does not rise above +18ºС. Deviations in both directions from the indicated temperature limit are reflected in the elasticity and strength of the material.

If depressions with a depth of no more than 1.5 cm appear on the surface of the rolled roof, the repair is carried out according to the principle of eliminating bubbles:

• The material is cut in the form of an envelope, the cut ends are bent and dried.
• A cement-sand mortar is poured into the hole and allowed to dry. Mastic for leveling recesses can not be used.
• Mastic is applied to the surface of the fill.
• The dried petals of the incision are returned to their place and glued.
• A patch is applied on top, the dimensions of which overlap the incisions by 10 cm.

Minor leaks in the area of ​​​​roof penetrations are fought by opening the finishing material and replacing the waterproofing pasting. Often, an autopsy shows that only the sealant layer is damaged. It just needs to be updated.

Things are much more complicated with the elimination of leaks in the area of ​​​​roofing adjoining and passages, if the problems are associated with delamination, cracking and destruction of the coating. Troubleshoot such problems as follows:

• We release the junctions from a protective apron - metal or asbestos-cement around the chimneys, bituminous along the lines of interface of the walls and the parapet with the roof.
• We remove the old waterproofing carpet and dry the surface.
• We glue a new waterproofing carpet on the mastic so that 30 cm of it falls on a vertical surface.
• We fix the edge of the new waterproofing on a vertical surface with a metal rail or apron.
• We seal the seams.

Peeling of the roofing is also repaired, if the area of ​​the defect does not cause any particular concern and does not suggest the complete replacement of one or two adjacent strips. In delamination areas, care should be taken to separate the coating from the base and adjacent strips as much as possible. The base and the separated material should be thoroughly cleaned and dried, after drying, primed. The undersides of the separated coating are reheated with a gas burner and welded onto the substrate.

Actions for re-gluing the peeled coating are performed if the strip that has separated from the base does not have more significant damage. If there are large breaks and punctures, the sheet must be completely separated from the base and a new strip should be laid.

Situation # 4 - repair of roof penetrations

A soft roof can also leak due to the fault of poor-quality casings used to equip the crossing of the roof with communications. Rubber or plastic fixtures can simply burst. Damaged attributes of the arrangement are subject to unconditional replacement:

• The coating around the penetration is separated from the base.
• Remove the waterproof collar.
• We dismantle the casing.
• Installing a new device.
• We cut out a new collar from the waterproofing carpet, using the old one as a template if it is irreparably damaged.
• We clean the surface around the penetration and process it with mastic.
• We put the collar on the casing.
• We again process the repaired area with mastic.
• We put the coating separated from the base in its original place.

In fact, the replacement of communication accessories is carried out in the same way as the initial installation. Watch a video that will help you learn in detail the principle of repairing penetration through a soft roof:

The presented examples of repairing soft roofing will help get rid of most of the characteristic defects that annoy the owners of private houses. Compliance with the restoration rules guarantees an excellent result. Moreover, the owner can do everything with his own hands without the participation of roofers.

Soft type roofing is widely demanded due to its convenience, practicality, ease of installation and low cost. This coating is sufficiently resistant to aggressive environmental influences, but does not have outstanding durability. Therefore, the repair of a soft roof, the technology of which may be different, has to be carried out every few seasons.

How to determine the need for repairs

Waterproofing properties of a soft roof are provided by a layer of bitumen with which it is covered. If, over time, under the influence of external factors, its integrity has been violated, then this is a clear sign of the need for repair, the technology of which may differ depending on the criticality of the damage.

Advice! You should not bring the soft roof to such a state that it will no longer be able to keep moisture from getting inside the room. It is best to carry out a preventive examination at least once every two years.

You need to pay attention to the following signs, indicating that the time has come for repair:

• Peeling of the soft roof in places where the panels overlap and join;
• Visible pits and depressions in which water can be retained;
• Moss or fungus in places where water stagnates after precipitation;
• Blisters on the surface, indicating the penetration of moisture under the roofing;
• Noticeable mechanical damage, cracks, rips.

Types of repair work

Depending on the condition of the coating, how worn it is, what damage it has, restoration measures are divided into two types:

• Preventive (current) repair of a soft roof. It is resorted to, according to technology, with minor damage to the canvas that does not provoke a global violation of the tightness of the roof. Typical signs of the need for such a repair are local delaminations, microcracks and small rips, which can be easily eliminated without dismantling the entire soft coating. At the same time, such defects should occupy less than 40 percent of the total roof area;
• Capital repairs of a soft roof. The need for large-scale repairs and the use of more sophisticated technologies is evidenced by the presence of multiple damages in the form of blisters, deep cracks, severe delaminations, leaks, and ruptures. At the same time, they should affect more than 40 percent of the entire soft roof area.

Current repair of a soft roof

If during the inspection no critical damage was revealed, indicating the impossibility of further operation of the old roofing, then work is usually carried out to eliminate existing defects and restore the integrity of the sheet. This is the so-called current repair of a soft roof, the technology of which allows you to quickly restore all the affected areas of the roof. In this case, as a rule, swollen areas are cut off, water inlets, cornice overhangs are changed, a primer layer is applied and, where necessary, a new roll material is welded.

The repair technology provides for the following work algorithm:

1. The roof surface is thoroughly cleaned of accumulated debris, moss and any foreign objects;
2. The roof covering is checked for rotten areas. If the latter are found, then they are removed. This also captures a few centimeters of intact coating;
3. The swollen areas are cut off with the capture of a small amount of the whole material;
4. The places where the roof has been removed are cleaned of dust and dirt, primed and filled with a cement-based mortar;
5. After drying, patches are applied to these areas, which are abundantly watered from above with bitumen mastic. In this case, the territory of the entire coverage is certainly captured;
6. Finally, a new roofing material is welded on.

Attention! The old technology is less labor-intensive, however, it has one significant drawback - an increase in the weight of the roof. Therefore, it should be applied only after a miscalculation of all risks and a comprehensive assessment of the strength of floor structures. This technology is used primarily to reduce repair costs. By ignoring the operation to remove the old coating, it is possible to reduce the size of the budget by about 30 percent.

Capital repairs of a soft roof

In the event that the old coating is not suitable for further use due to critical damage, it is replaced with a new one. The overhaul of a soft roof, the technology of which is more laborious than the current one, provides for the following work procedure:

1. The damaged coating is dismantled. This is a rather laborious procedure that is very difficult to perform manually. It is convenient to use a special machine for this, which cuts the web and immediately twists it into a roll. In the absence of such, the technology makes it easier to work, due to an ax with a long metal ax handle;
2. After cleaning the surface from worn roofing material, the state of the base is assessed. If there are cracks, dents, potholes and other defects, a partial repair or complete replacement of the roof screed is performed. If there are heat and waterproofing layers, then at this stage the technology also involves their thorough inspection and, if necessary, repair. To increase the service life of the insulation, it is recommended to cover it with a polyethylene film or a membrane with a vapor barrier function after that;
3. The surface is primed with bituminous mastic, which protects the vapor and heat-insulating layers, as well as the concrete screed from getting wet, and promotes higher adhesion of the base with the soft roof material;
4. A new canvas is laid starting from the lower edge of the roof. Installation of cuts of material is carried out alternately, with an overlap on each other by no more than 15 centimeters. In this case, the angle of inclination of the roof should be taken into account: the smaller it is, the greater the overlap should be, since with a more sloping slope, water drains quickly, and with a gentle slope, it lingers, which increases the risk of moisture seeping inside;
5. When the laying of all parts of the roofing material is completed, all the seams between them, according to the technology, are well coated with bituminous mastic;
6. If necessary, after the bitumen has dried, the technology allows the installation of a second coating layer. It is important to lay the sheets in such a way that the joints are located as far as possible from the joints on the lower web;
7. If materials such as roofing felts or roofing felt are involved in the repair, then it is advisable to additionally apply a protective layer on top of them using the same bituminous mastic. In conclusion, it should be sprinkled with crushed granite crumbs and compacted with a roller. New generation materials already have shale powder, so they do not need additional protection. The advantage of using the latter also lies in the fact that there is no need to use mastic for greasing the seams: small overlaps of the cuts are qualitatively and reliably welded onto each other;
8. The final stage, carried out after the completion of the repair work, is the identification of places where water accumulates, which will be the most vulnerable in the future. The technology involves such a check after the first rain, although you can pour water on the roof yourself. If such places are identified, they should be thoroughly dried, and then an additional layer of material should be applied to them. If necessary, you can still pour them abundantly with bituminous mastic, which will serve as a reliable protection of the coating from leakage.

There is another soft roof repair technology, which is not so popular today, however, in the old days it was used very actively. Its essence lies in the fact that a new layer is simply deposited on top of the old coating. To do this, all contaminants are carefully removed from the exploited surface, after which it is well warmed up with a heating pad and smeared with bituminous mastic. At the final stage of the repair, a new layer of roofing material is welded.

Soft roofing is fast, inexpensive and convenient, which is why many owners of private houses prefer to install it. However, in terms of durability, such a coating is significantly inferior to alternative options, and after a few years, the first signs of destruction can already be seen. Unfortunately, in most cases, it is necessary to do a major overhaul of a soft roof, because the patches save from leaks are rather weak. We will tell you about how to repair the roof with your own hands and choose the right materials for this in today's article.

Often, a soft roof has to be completely rebuilt, since the patches are very unreliable and short-lived. They are only a temporary measure - a delay before the inevitable overhaul. But even if you find only minor damage, but the insulation under the coating has already become very wet, the patch will not solve the problem - the roof needs to be rebuilt.

Work should begin with an assessment of the condition of the roofing, the calculation of all defects and damage. Based on this, we can conclude - to put patches or completely change the coating. Current repairs, that is, local repairs with the installation of patches, can be done if the roof surface is damaged by no more than 40%. In other cases, it is necessary to resort to capital measures.

Useful advice: In order to extend the life of a soft roof, it is recommended to check its condition every 1-2 years and eliminate defects with local repairs. If swelling and cracks are eliminated in time, major repairs can be delayed for several years.

Serious defects that indicate that it is time to re-roof include the following:

• peeling of roofing material;
• deep and large cracks in which water stagnates;
• strong and numerous swellings (this indicates that there is moisture inside the “bubbles”);
• oxidation of materials;
• the appearance of thickets of moss, fungus.

But even a major overhaul of the roof is not so terrible as inexperienced owners imagine, especially when it comes to a small country house or garage. If you know some of the nuances and choose the right consumables, you can cope with the work in just a day and with only one assistant. The first thing to remember is that you can repair the roof in the warm season and in dry weather. In winter, bitumen-based roll materials will become too hard and unyielding, and their laying quality and protective performance will be very poor.

Since a major overhaul involves the complete dismantling of the old roofing, it would be unwise not to assess the condition of all layers of the roofing pie. This is the minimum set of works. If, during the inspection, it was found that the insulation inside was damp, rotten or severely frozen, it will also have to be changed. Attention should also be paid to cornice overhangs, water intake funnels, parapets and devices for drying insulation.

Don't expect this job to be done alone. If you wish, of course, you can, but then you can’t talk about good quality. Laying a soft roof involves heating it with a gas burner and then pressing it to the surface, so it is better to divide the work into two. Meticulous fans of following the instructions should immediately know that the overhaul of the roof according to SNiP looks very complicated, tricky and confusing, so it will not be difficult for a beginner to completely despair and think that only professionals can handle such work. In reality, the situation is much simpler. The requirements of SNiP were developed back in Soviet times, and since then many new laying technologies and building materials have been invented that are easy and simple to work with. Therefore, in this particular case, you can look at the SNiP with only one eye and not reproach yourself for incomplete compliance with the requirements.

Repair materials

The modern construction market is replete with materials intended for the repair of soft roofs. We will consider the most popular of them. The first thing that the sales assistant will offer you is fiberglass. This is a roofing and waterproofing material in one person, made on a bitumen-polymer basis. It is quite elastic, so it easily fits on any relatively flat surface. Among other things, fiberglass provides additional thermal insulation and has a long service life of up to 20 years.

Stekloelast should not be confused with technoelast, although this is not difficult to do. Technoelast is based on a fiberglass or polyester film, coated on both sides with a bitumen-polymer material, which makes it more durable, bioresistant, weatherproof and durable. On top, technoelast has a slate dressing that protects its inner layers from the damaging effects of ultraviolet radiation. From the inside, there is a polymer protection that makes technoelast a reliable waterproofing agent capable of protecting not only the roof, but even foundations, underground tunnels and other building structures from moisture. Uniflex and lynocre can be put in the same line with technoelast.

If we are not talking about a residential building, but, say, a garage or a shed, then bituminous mastic can replace rolled materials. It is heated, applied in an even layer on the prepared roof surface, after which the mass hardens, forming a monolithic coating. But basically, mastic is used not as an independent roofing material, but as an adhesive binder for rolls. However, in this case, it is necessary to clarify whether the purchased material is compatible with it.

In addition to the coating itself, you will need tools for laying it. In the case of hardfacing materials, special attention should be paid to the choice of torch. To clean construction debris, prepare a shovel and a broom, gloves, protective clothing.

Estimate for major repairs

Each owner is not alien to the desire to save money without sacrificing the quality of work. Drawing up an estimate for the overhaul of the roof will save you from unnecessary costs and will allow you to clearly plan actions. At the same time, it should be borne in mind that it is necessary to start drawing up an estimate only after dismantling the old roofing, because it is impossible to guess whether it will be necessary to change the insulation or fill in another screed?

Budgeting steps:

1. After removing the old roofing, measure the area of ​​the roof, taking into account all protruding structures, including dormer windows and ventilation pipes. Add 15% to the value obtained in reserve and in case of repairs in the future.
2. If it turns out that in some places it is necessary to make a concrete screed, determine the amount of cement, sand and gravel required for this. Choose cement grade not lower than M400. Unfortunately, the quantity in this case can only be determined approximately, but cement is useful in the household not only for the roof, and it is inexpensive, so do not be afraid to round up.
3. Determine what material you will be covering your roof with and monitor the market to see which suppliers offer the lowest price and if they have discounts/free shipping.
4. If the store does not provide free shipping, include its cost in the estimate.
5. Find out which roofing tools you don't have and how much it will cost to buy them. In the case of a gas burner, it is better to use rental services than to buy a rather expensive device.
6. If you work with large areas, then there will be quite a lot of construction debris, so you need to consider the cost of its removal.

After drawing up the estimate, it will be clear whether it is necessary to undertake such work on your own or you can pay a little extra and entrust the repair of the roof to a team of hired workers.

Repair stages

Any repair should begin with surface preparation. In the case of a soft roof, this involves the dismantling of the old coating and a thorough cleaning. Gluing new material on top of the old one is not strictly forbidden, but completely irrational. In this case, you run the risk of spoiling not only the fresh coating in the shortest possible time, but also aggravating the condition of the damaged layers of the roofing pie - the insulation may begin to rot, which will be transferred to the wooden elements of the truss system, etc. Therefore, in order not to fork out for a complete replacement of the roof in the future, it is better to devote several hours to dismantling the damaged coating.

Soft roof overhaul technology:

By and large, this is everything you need to know about the overhaul of a soft roof. An estimate, the choice of the right materials and simple instructions for their installation are three important components of the work. If you did everything according to the instructions, you can forget about leaks and similar troubles for a long time, but you shouldn’t get it out of your head at all - check the condition of the coating once a year.

Finally - an interesting video about a new and almost waste-free technology for the overhaul of a soft roof, which allows you to save on the purchase of new roll materials:

Repair of a soft roof is necessary when the first defects are detected. Otherwise, leaking water will destroy the insulation, render the hydro and vapor barrier unusable, and you will have to spend more effort and money on restoration.

The final cost of restoration work depends on the type of soft roof. It is known that it is much cheaper to put in order a roll coating than to restore bituminous tiles.



The price of all events depends on the chosen repair option:

1. Cosmetic restoration includes the elimination of minor defects - divergence of seams, holes, dents and swelling.
2. Capital works consist in the complete replacement of existing material with qualitatively new components.
3. Emergency repair is carried out when it is impossible to qualitatively eliminate the damage due to weather or other conditions. The main thing here is to fix the problem, and not to preserve the appearance.

The appropriate type of measures to be taken is determined on the basis of an internal and external inspection of the structure. This will allow you to identify the most problematic areas and focus on them.

cosmetic work

Cosmetic repair allows you to restore the beautiful appearance of the roof and at the same time eliminate the leak. They resort to it in cases where the water has not spoiled the "roofing cake".


Defects are usually eliminated in two ways, depending on their type:

• cracks and holes are eliminated by applying patches and subsequent application of mastic or bitumen;
• the separated joints are again glued with roofing glue on both sides - top and bottom.

It is more difficult to repair a soft roof with swelling. The reason for this phenomenon is the penetration of moisture into the insulation. To eliminate the defect, the heat is replaced and a new layer of waterproofing is laid. Air ducts are also constructed to circulate air and remove moisture.

Capital recovery

Major repairs are required in case of extensive damage to the roofing, when it makes no sense to partially close up the holes. Measures are also taken due to the aging of the material.



In this case, the work consists of several stages:

1. Dismantling the old system - removing not only the roof, but also the "pie".
2. Drying of all structural elements, processing of wooden elements with antiseptics.
3. Laying a vapor-permeable membrane, insulation and waterproofing.
4. Roofing installation.

Major repairs may be needed for extensive swelling. In this case, the work on laying ventilation ducts with the installation of aerators is included in the technological process, gaps are left for air circulation.


Here are the main aspects of repairing a roof from a soft roof. The number of activities and the complexity of the work depends on the type of roof truss, surface area. And if you want to save money and carry out a quality restoration, then contact a professional company.

The price of repairing a soft roof

Soft roofing, due to its low cost and ease of installation, remains quite popular today. However, it has to be repaired more often than others. Let's see how the repair takes place and what materials are used for this.

When repairs are needed

The most obvious and indisputable evidence that the time has come to repair the roof is the appearance of water on the walls and ceiling. But this is already an extreme case, which can be accompanied by a number of unpleasant events, including a short circuit in the power grid. It is clear that it is better not to bring the roof to such a state, and for this it must be inspected twice a year. If this is not possible, you can reduce the frequency of inspections to once a year, but not less often. The following signs should cause concern:

It is extremely important to clean the soft roof from branches, other heavy debris, materials left after construction or repair work in a timely manner. All this, under the influence of its own weight, eventually begins to "sink" in the roofing, deforming it and violating its integrity.

Particular attention should be paid to the places where the roof adjoins rooflights, skylights, chimneys and ventilation pipes passing through it.

If the roof has already leaked, you should not immediately start repairing the area directly above the leak: the roof must be carefully examined, since the defect can be located at a distance of up to several meters from the place where water appeared on the ceiling.

Types of soft roof repair

Works on the restoration of the roofing "pie" are divided into the following types:

1. Emergency repair. It is produced unscheduled on an emergency basis, when the defects present can clearly lead or have already led to leaks. In the overwhelming majority of cases, only the top coating is affected, the damaged fragment of which is replaced with a new one or, more often, covered with a patch. Usually the area of ​​the reconstructed area does not exceed 20% of the total area of ​​the roof.
2. Maintenance. It consists in the elimination of potentially dangerous defects identified during a scheduled inspection. Usually, the matter is also limited to the manipulation of the top coating, which is either patched up or partially replaced. The area of ​​repaired areas rarely exceeds 40% of the roof area. Current repairs are recommended to be carried out annually, since the elimination of defects at an early stage in the case of a soft roof can save a lot.
3. Capital repairs. It is produced when the proportion of problem areas on the roof surface exceeds 40%. The work covers the entire roofing "pie" as a whole, including the restoration of the vapor barrier. The top coating is mostly replaced with a new one.

Overhaul is a rather expensive undertaking, which may well exceed the cost of installing a new roof (the difference in price is due to dismantling and garbage disposal).

Preparation for the repair of a soft roof

During the repair of the roof, the building becomes vulnerable to precipitation, so it is extremely important to prepare so that the work is completed quickly and, as they say, without a hitch. At this stage, a number of issues should be taken care of.

Budgeting

If you have a detailed estimate during the repair process, you will not have to spend time on additional purchases of something extremely necessary that was overlooked. When compiling this document, you should think everything over very carefully, so that it provides for absolutely all types of work and materials, down to the most insignificant. Along the way, the estimate will allow you to objectively assess the upcoming costs and compare them with real financial opportunities.

If it is decided to entrust the repair of the roof to a third-party organization, then in order to draw up an estimate, she will need to provide the following information:

• a roof plan with dimensions, which indicates all pipes, shafts, parapets on the roof (thickness and height must be indicated), cornice overhangs (adjacency zones must be shown);
• description or photographic images of defects;
• desired list of works;
• the name of the material that it was decided to use as a roofing.

Selection and purchase of materials

Nowadays, it is possible to purchase any material and in any quantity without problems. But the master should take into account that in the development of roofing, as in all other areas of human life, there is a rapid development, and in order to spend money wisely, this issue should be more or less understood. Let's start with the fact that the familiar roofing material with a cardboard frame has long been recognized as obsolete. It was bypassed by analogues with a foil base - folgoizol and metalloizol.

Folgoizol is a multilayer material

But these materials are far from ideal: bitumen in its pure form does not tolerate frost and temperature extremes, it is “not friendly” with ultraviolet radiation. The mastics used for gluing bituminous roll materials are also short-lived: the sun's rays quickly make them brittle. As a result, the only advantage of such coatings - low cost - is completely canceled out by the cost of major repairs, which have to be carried out every 5–7 years.

Those wishing to have a roof with a longer service life should pay attention to modern materials.

Bitumen-polymer roll coatings

Thanks to polymer additives, the volume fraction of which varies up to 12%, bitumen becomes more plastic and does not crack much longer: the service life is 15–20 years. Fiberglass, fiberglass or polyester film is used as a frame. This group of materials includes:

Materials with additives of thermoplastics, thermoplastic elastomers, crumb rubber and elastomers, which are considered very promising, should be singled out as a separate subgroup. These include:

• dnepromast;
• filizol;
• thermoflex;
• dneproflex;
• luberite;
• elabit;
• glass mast T;
• atakton;
• mastoplast;
• isoplast;
• bicroelast;
• bicroplast, etc.

Bitumen-polymer materials, due to their durability, reduce the cost of maintenance of a soft roof by 2 times. At the same time, they inherited some disadvantages from bituminous materials:

• the coating must be laid in several layers (3-5);
• a protective powder of stone chips is required;
• in hot weather, the coating softens greatly and, if the roof slope is more than 25 degrees, it can slip.

Roll materials made of petroleum resins or rubber

The most advanced option has the following advantages:

• laying is done in one layer (the second name is single-layer membranes);
• does not soften in the heat, so it can be laid on roofs with any slope;
• the width of the roll can be up to 15 m, so that the coating has very few seams;
• can be installed in winter;
• the material is elastic and very durable;
• resistant to frost and ultraviolet radiation, does not oxidize;
• has served for over 25 years.

The material can be glued with special glue or bitumen (some brands are available in self-adhesive versions), fixed with threaded fasteners, or simply sprinkled with a layer of rubble.

The roofing membrane is made of ethylene propylene rubber and polypropylene (approximately 30% of the total composition)

Due to single-layer laying and a significant service life of the membrane, the cost of installing and maintaining a roof is reduced by 4 times compared to bituminous.

Rubber and polymer membranes are successfully produced in Russia. As an example, we can cite the materials of Cromel (JSC Kirov Plant of Artificial Leather) and Rukril (JSC Chemical Plant in the town of Rezha near Yekaterinburg), as well as products of JSC Nizhnekamskneftekhim.

Liquid materials (mastics)

In this case, we are not talking about adhesive mastics, but about bitumen-polymer and polymer compositions, with the help of which self-leveling roofs are made. In everyday life they are often called "liquid rubber". The base material is mixed with a hardener and in this form is applied to a flat surface. After some time, the liquid turns into a strong, elastic, rubber-like coating, on which there is not a single seam.

The maximum elongation of the material is 1000%, so it retains its integrity even when the roof is deformed.

Liquid rubber is based on bitumen, and the material can be applied with a brush, which makes it convenient to use.

Mastics are resistant to weather factors, including low temperatures and UV radiation, and their service life depends on the composition:

• bitumen-rubber - 15 years (for example, "Venta-U", "Gekopren", "Elamast");
• bitumen-latex - 20 years ("Blam-20", etc.);
• butyl rubber and chlorosulfopolyethylene - 25 years ("Polikrov-L", "Polikrov M-120", "Polikrov M-140", etc.)

Liquid roofing materials tolerate deformations, temperature changes and ultraviolet radiation well.

An important advantage of self-leveling roofing is their low weight - from 2 to 10 kg/m 2 .

If laying is carried out on a roof with a large slope and at temperatures above +25 0 С, cement or other thickener must be added to the mastic.

Mastics are safe for health, as they do not emit harmful volatile substances. For application, the method of cold spraying is used, which excludes the possibility of ignition.

Instrument preparation

Soft roofing cannot be repaired with bare hands, so you need to arm yourself with the following tools:

Work with a gas burner must be in protective glasses.

Soft roof repair technology

The method of roof restoration depends on what defects were identified.

Bonding a peeled-off panel

The operation is carried out in stages:

1. The detached fragment rises. The base or roll material under it is cleaned of debris and thoroughly dried with a building hair dryer.
2. The base is smeared with bituminous mastic and the exfoliated panel is glued.
3. From above, the restored seam is also smeared with mastic.

Bituminous mastic can be made independently. It is applied in two forms:

• cold: to repair the inner layers;
• in hot: as an outer coating.

To prepare cold mastic, you will need the following ingredients in a ratio of 1: 2: 2, respectively:

• pulverized filler (lime, gypsum, ash);
• bitumen;
• petrol.

First of all, you need to heat the bitumen to 180 º C and hold it until all the water it contains has evaporated. After that, the components are mixed, the mastic is cooled and used for its intended purpose.

A small amount of bituminous mastic can be prepared independently

It is impossible to pour gasoline into heated bitumen, just the opposite - bitumen into gasoline.

To prepare hot mastic, bitumen is heated in a boiler to 200 º C and boiled, gradually adding filler. Stirring can be done with a stick. It is important that the bitumen temperature during mixing does not fall below 160 º C, otherwise the quality of the material will be extremely low.

Mastic should be used immediately after preparation, it can not be stored.

The patch is installed in the following order:

1. The damaged area is cut down with an ax. If the defect looks like a bubble, it must be cut crosswise and dried, bending the resulting "petals". After drying, they are returned to their place, glued with bitumen or nailed.
2. Further, all debris is removed from the coating area adjacent to the defect, after which it is cleaned from dirt and dust.
3. The defect, together with the area adjacent to it, is filled with bituminous mastic or sealant.
4. A piece of roll material is glued on top, which should cover the damaged area with a good margin.
5. The patch is filled with bituminous mastic or sealant, which must be rolled over it with a roller. The distribution is carried out so that the filling has the greatest thickness at the edges of the patch.

The sequence of operations when installing a patch on euroroofing material

Roof patching is not the most reliable method of repair, since it does not cover hidden defects. Experienced craftsmen try to apply the method, although more expensive, but one hundred percent effective - "repair the old way."

Video: minor roof repairs

"Old Renovation"

The worn roof is completely covered with a new coating without dismantling the old one. Before that, it needs to be put in order - cleaned of debris and dirt, sweep away dust.

Before such repairs, it is necessary to assess whether the structures can withstand the weight of the old and new coating. In any case, the number of layers on the roof should not exceed eight.

Video: roof repair "the old way"

Overhaul

With significant damage to the roof, even "repair the old way" becomes impossible. In such a situation, you should resort to major repairs. In the most advanced case, it will consist of the following steps:

1. Removal of old roofing.
2. Screed screed.
3. Dismantling the heater.
4. Restoration or replacement of the vapor barrier.
5. Repair of the internal drainage system.
6. Insulation lining.
7. Giving the surface the necessary slope with the help of sand bedding.
8. Installation of funnels of the internal drainage system.
9. Laying cement-sand screed. To prevent the water from evaporating from the solution, it can be covered with bitumen after installation.
10. Installation of roofing (the screed is treated with a primer before this).

The rolls are rolled out parallel to the lower edge of the roof, starting from the bottom. Each subsequent strip overlaps the previous one with an overlap of 10 cm. With significant slopes, the amount of overlap must be increased. The edges of the strips are treated with bituminous mastic.

The next layer is laid with bandaging of the seams, that is, so that the new strips cover the edges of the strips of the underlying layer.

Before laying the last, top layer, it is recommended to fill the roof with water and see if there are puddles left somewhere. If there are any, they are marked with chalk, after which the water is driven off and the roof is dried. Further, the marked areas are poured with hot mastic or an additional piece of rolled material with a thickness of not more than 1 mm is laid on them.

The work is completed by applying a reflective or fire-retardant coating. Traditional materials - roofing material, glassine or roofing paper - need to be covered with hot bituminous mastic on top, and then sprinkled with stone chips. It is pressed into the bitumen with a roller. New materials usually already have a protective powder.

It is clear that if some elements or layers of the roof are in a satisfactory condition, the work associated with them can not be performed. In a good scenario, major repairs may be limited to replacing the roofing with a small local repair of the base and minor repairs of some elements.

If a third-party organization was engaged in the repair of the roof, then one more stage is added to the list - checking the quality of the work. Here's what a homeowner needs to look out for:

1. Correct laying of panels. They should lie evenly, with a uniform over the entire length and not too much overlap.
2. The tightness of the edges of the coating to the base. A strong wind undermines the roof precisely at the edges, so it is extremely important that they are very carefully and securely glued or fused.
3. Leaks during rain. At first, the ceilings on the upper floor after each rain should be carefully inspected for water leakage. Reputable roof repair companies and crews usually give a guarantee on their work, so if a leak is found, the customer has every right to demand that the defects be corrected.

Before contacting a third-party organization, it would be useful to study the regulatory documents governing the installation of soft roofs. First of all - SNiP II-26-76 "Roofs" (section "Roofs from rolled and mastic materials"). Of course, in some details they lag behind life, in particular, they do not take into account the appearance of the latest materials on the market, but the main part of the recommendations presented is quite relevant.

Video: overhaul

Emergency repairs in winter

Most of the materials used for soft roofing are not designed for installation at low temperatures. But an emergency situation may well occur in winter: a large amount of snow, a strong snowstorm or ice movement can damage the roof. The following tips will help you carry out emergency repairs:

1. First of all, the roof must be freed from snow, but in such a way as not to damage it even more. It is best to use a rubberized scraper for this purpose.
2. For temporary patching of holes, materials that do not brittle in the cold should be used. Of these, the most affordable are corrugated board and metal tiles. If a decision is made to make a patch of bituminous material, it must be kept in a heated room until the last moment. When frozen, it will crack when unwrapped.
3. There are varieties of sealants designed for use at low temperatures - and they should be used.
4. We must not forget that it gets dark early in winter, so you should take care of lighting the work site.
5. The equipment should provide for the possibility of a sharp deterioration in the weather, it is also advisable to get an assistant.

In winter, before the start of repairs, it is necessary to clean the surface of the roof from snow.

Video: soft roof repair technology

Due to its low strength, soft roofs have to be repaired quite often, but today the situation can be significantly improved by using the latest materials. The main thing is to follow the safety regulations governing the work at height. The place where the dismantled materials will be dumped must be fenced off and marked with warning signs.