A septic tank for a bath (the situation is non-standard, experienced minds are urgently needed). How to independently make a septic tank for draining waste from a bath? What to make a septic tank for a bath

Good day. Thank you for visiting the topic. I hope you advise.
SITUATION:
1. The goal is to make a sewer for a bathhouse under construction.
2. There will be the following sewage points in the bathhouse: a shower in the washing room, a toilet (toilet bowl) in the washing room, a floor drain in the washing room (there will be a small barrel-font), a floor drain in the steam room (the steam room will have a washing function with basins) .
3. Sauna is one-story, small (40 sq.m.), the frequency of use is 1 time in 1-2 weeks. 1-3 people will go to the bathhouse, no more.
4. The site is extreme in the SNT, relatively close to the edge of the site (8-10 m) there is a small shallow (depth less than 1 m) rivulet.
5. GWL is high (when they dug holes for piles for the foundation of a bathhouse, there was already water at a depth of 1 m). Soil - water-saturated sand and loam, gravel.
6. The foundation tape (and the floor of the bath, respectively) are raised 45 cm above the ground.
7. Sometimes it floods a little (the river does not seem to overflow its banks, just melting snow, a section at the bottom of the slope).
8. The site is located under a sharp slope, no car will ever drive up to the bathhouse and the planned installation site of the septic tank. I plan to clean once a year, invite a Tajik.
In the appendix - the proposed sewerage of the bath with the device of a 1-chamber septic tank of 2 concrete rings without a bottom, with a further withdrawal of the liquid into a small filtration field.
QUESTIONS:
1. VERY NEEDED CRITICISM OF THE PROPOSED SCHEME. PLEASE ANSWER WITHIN 1-2 DAYS, BECAUSE I AM LEAVING AND I NEED TO URGENTLY APPROVE THE SCHEME FOR THE FOREIGN MANAGER TO FURTHER LOOK FOR A CONTRACTOR.
2. WHAT I PLEASE PAY ATTENTION TO IN YOUR COMMENTS:
2.1. For the output from the washing room (toilet, shower, floor drain), I plan to use a pipe with a diameter of 110, for output from the steam room a pipe with a diameter of 40, the main pipe to the septic tank with a diameter of 110. Is it normal?
2.2. Which pipe is still optimal to choose (material, if possible, manufacturer)? I read that it seems like polypropylene is better than PVC. Optimal in my understanding - it will work for a long time, without hemorrhoids, you do not overpay for unnecessary qualities.
2.3. The outlet of the pipe from the bath will come out at a depth of 0.5 m, the pipe will come to the septic tank at a depth of 0.7 m, in the field filtration it will come at a depth of 0.8 m. Is it normal?
2.4. Does the pipe need to be insulated? What is the best way to do this if necessary?
2.5. Should the pipes be laid and buried simply in the ground or should they be covered with rubble around them?
2.6. The septic tank ring will be 15 cm above ground level. Is it normal or higher?
2.7. I provided ventilation pipes - one into the septic tank itself and I want to embed the second into a leaky pipe in the filtration field. Norm? Shouldn't it stink in a nearby gazebo?
2.8. The dimensions of the filtration field are 2 m by 1 m. Before the filtration field, the pipe goes without holes, it will be giving in the filtration field. Norm?
2.9. What should be the structure (layering of materials with thicknesses) in the filtration field? So that the holes are not clogged with top water, geotextiles can be on top of the pipe.
2.10. It is normal to seal the joints of the rings with the composition: 1 part cement, 1 part sand, 0.7 parts water, 0.7 parts liquid glass, then how will it dry with mastic?
2.11. Is it better to pass the rings with mastic or stick a waterproofing with a blowtorch? Is it better inside or outside?
I WOULD BE VERY GRATEFUL IF YOU HELP WITH ADVICE AND EXPERIENCE. THANK YOU TO EVERYONE INDIFFERENT. THE WORLD IS NOT WITHOUT GOOD PEOPLE.

many owners country houses wondering whether it is necessary to equip a septic tank under the bath? The answer is definitely needed. This facility will allow recycling and cleaning Wastewater. A septic tank is especially needed for a bath with a toilet, because such drains require high-quality, effective cleaning and processing. Without such treatment plant the bath will not function properly. If you do not use a septic tank, but a sewer well, then you will have to pump it out too often. In our article we will tell you how to properly equip a septic tank under the bath. And the video at the end of the article will help you understand the process more clearly.

Before considering the design of a future septic tank, it is necessary to decide whether there will be a toilet in the bath or not. The thing is that the wastewater from an ordinary bath without a bathroom is liquid and almost clean, so in this case there is no need to do complex structure.

The device of septic tanks for a bath with a toilet and without it is somewhat different:

In a dumping facility without a toilet there is no need to provide a special filtration system in the septic tank. In this case, it is enough to equip a well made of concrete rings without a bottom on a layer of gravel and crushed stone, and the drains will themselves filter into the soil.
Septic tank under the bath with a bathroom should be made in the form of a multi-chamber structure. The first sealed chamber-sump is needed to collect feces, and the following compartments perform filtering functions.

The advantages of installing septic tanks for the house and baths from rings without a bottom include simplicity of design and speed of installation, the ability to save on materials, as well as the absence of the need for frequent cleaning. However, such a septic tank under the bath does not guarantee High Quality wastewater treatment.

Worth knowing: septic tanks for home and baths are single-chamber and multi-chamber.

If you decide to make a septic tank for a bath, then the choice of material for it depends on the level of standing groundwater. The device of a septic tank can be produced using the following types of materials:

Metal barrels without a bottom cannot be used in places where groundwater is high. It is better to choose such a septic tank material for sandy soils.
Plastic barrels with holes for filtration. This option is also not suitable for high GWL (groundwater level). They can only be mounted on sandstone.
You can make a simple septic tank from concrete rings.
Some types of septic tanks are made of monolithic reinforced concrete.
A small septic tank can be built from car tires.
Sometimes one or more PVC cubes are used to equip a treatment plant.

Important: the dimensions and depth of a septic tank for a house or a bath are selected individually. If the septic tank does not provide for the use of a drainage pump for pumping wastewater into the general sewer, then it is necessary to provide a place for the entrance of a sewage truck.

Choosing a place for building

If you decide to build a septic tank for a bath with your own hands, then you should pay Special attention choosing a place to install it. When choosing it, adhere to the following rules:

To facilitate the connection to the sewer, it is better to locate a septic tank near the house.
From water sources located on the territory of the site, the treatment plant should be located at a distance of 20-25 m.
From the residential building, the septic tank should be at a distance of 10-15 m.
If the GWL on the site is high, then the choice of location should be approached with particular care.
The septic tank under the bath should be located in such a place that a free access for a vacuum truck is provided to it.
The pipe leading from the bath to the septic tank should not be connected to it at an angle of more than 120 degrees. Otherwise, problems may arise with the connection and laying of the pipeline.

On the clay soils and in areas with a high level of standing groundwater, filtration of wastewater from the bathhouse into the soil is impossible. In this case, you need to use other types of assignment. Suitable for these purposes storm sewer or a body of water. You can also build a gutter in the form of a tray with a concrete bottom. On sandy soils, it is advisable to arrange a filtration absorption well, because this type of soil quickly absorbs large volumes of water.

Wastewater treatment plant without pumping

A septic tank for a bath without pumping out can be used if you regularly use this facility (without a toilet), and you don’t want to pump out the drains frequently. In this case, the water from the waste facility will be discharged into reservoirs, sewers or other suitable places. It can also be collected in filtration wells, from where it will be filtered into the soil.

There are many options for an independent device of such a treatment plant. In addition to them, you can use ready-made treatment plants. However, their price is rather high. Such designs are designed for different volumes of effluents.

Principle of operation

As you already understood, in order to obtain better treatment of wastewater from a bath with a toilet, it is better to make not one sump, but several filtration compartments. In each of them, the wastewater undergoes multi-stage purification, and at the output you will receive completely harmless purified water that can be used for technical needs and watering the garden.

As a rule, in order to equip a septic tank under a bath with a bathroom, a two-chamber design is required. In this case, both chambers are interconnected by an overflow. The principle of operation of such a structure is as follows:

Effluent from the bath through the pipeline enters the first compartment of the structure. Here, the heavier and denser components of the effluents settle to the bottom.
In addition, wastewater in the first chamber, where there is no oxygen, is subjected to primary treatment by anaerobic bacteria. These microorganisms live in conditions without access to oxygen, so such a chamber is a favorable habitat for them.
When the level of liquid waste in the first compartment reaches the overflow mark, the water flows by gravity into the second compartment.
If the device of the second chamber does not provide for a bottom, then the treated effluents are filtered through a layer of gravel and crushed stone into the soil. If the septic tank under the bath has a bottom in the second chamber, then the drains are discharged through a special pipe into a filtration well or ditch.

It is worth noting that during the life of bacteria, effluents decompose into gas and water. As a result of the activity of anaerobic organisms, methane gas is formed, for the removal of which it is necessary ventilation duct. To populate the septic tank with special microorganisms, ready-made biological products are used.

Wastewater treatment plant from reinforced concrete rings

To properly make a septic tank for a bath of concrete rings, you do not need to dig too deep a pit. When performing work, the following sequence of actions is followed:

Digs two holes next to the size of concrete rings. For such a small structure, 1-2 products are enough. In this case, the diameter of the pit should be 20 cm larger than the diameter of the ring.
After the installation of the first concrete product, the bottom of the pit is poured with concrete to a height of 100-150 mm.
After that, the installation of the second ring is carried out. Bitumen or bituminous mastic is used to seal the seams between the rings.
Now the sewer pipeline is being laid and the cover of the structure is being installed. In this case, a hole for the hatch should be provided in the cover. The first structure will serve as a sump.
Now we carry out the installation of rings in the second pit.
We cover its bottom with crushed stone with a layer 150 mm thick.
Waterproofing the seams in the second chamber is not necessary.
The chambers are connected to each other by means of an overflow pipe. It should go at an angle from the first to the second chamber.
The second compartment is covered with a lid without a hatch.

Important: a septic tank under a bath without a toilet can be made from one chamber, consisting of two concrete rings and a bottom covered with gravel.

Tire construction

It is very simple and inexpensive to make a septic tank for a bath with your own hands from car tires. It can also be single-chamber or two-chamber, depending on the presence or absence of a toilet in the bath. Installation is carried out in the following sequence:

They dig a pit with a depth of at least 2 meters. Its diameter depends on the dimensions of the tire. It should be 15 cm larger.
Tires with inside cut a little so that after laying several elements on the inside there are no such relief protrusions.
Tires are stacked on top of each other, forming a vertical well.
A pipeline with a cross section of at least 100 mm is laid to the well. At the same time, it should pass below the soil freezing mark and go downhill from the garbage disposal facility to the well. If a two-chamber design is used, then an overflow pipe is installed between the two wells, going at an angle from the first to the second structure. To install pipes, holes are cut in the side surface of the tires.
The bottom of the first well is concreted. And the bottom of the second structure is covered with rubble.
The gaps between the wells and the walls of the pit are filled with a mixture of crushed stone and sand, and then carefully rammed.
Wells must be closed with covers made of suitable material.

PVC cube septic tank

Quite quickly and cheaply, you can make a septic tank under the bath from eurocubes. They are iron or PVC. The second option is cheaper. Installation of cubes is performed as follows:

The neck of the cube is cut to install a tee there. All joints are carefully sealed.
On one side surface of the cube, a hole is made with a diameter equal to the cross section of the supply pipe. This hole should be at a distance of 25 cm from the top of the container.
A hole for installation is made on the upper surface ventilation pipe. It is attached to the tee.
After that, holes are made in the two-chamber septic tank for overflow. In the first cube, it should be 150-200 mm lower than the hole through which the drains enter the septic tank. And the hole for the overflow in the second cube should be 200-250 mm lower than this hole.
One pit is dug under two cubes at once.
The bottom of the pit is concreted. In it, releases of reinforcement are made to fix the cubes.
To protect plastic containers from floating during a flood, they are placed in a reinforcing piping and fixed to outlets at the bottom of the pit.
After insulation with foam plastic, the entire structure is poured with concrete at the level of the neck of the cube.

Video instruction for arranging a septic tank for a garbage disposal facility:

A septic tank for a bath can be done by hand.

The bath wastewater treatment device is sold in all construction stores. But their price starts from 6,000 rubles. The first appeared on sale at the end of 1980. Why are the baths built by our grandfathers still standing, and the drain system works perfectly? Just any design can be assembled with your own hands, a little skill and knowledge is enough. How to make a septic tank for a bath with your own hands, we will tell our readers about the design and installation in this article.

Features of the drain device in the bath

Scheme of the design of a septic tank for a bath of two wells.

Before planning the design of the drain in the bath, it is necessary to consider whether water will drain there or a toilet is provided in the design. It’s just that the drain from the bath, where there is no bathroom, is usually liquid and almost clean, so there is no need to make a complex structure. The main differences in the design of septic tanks with and without a bathroom.

In a bath without a bathroom special system there is no need for filtration in a septic tank. In the bath, only natural or soapy compositions are used, and their volume is several times less than that of plain water. You can simply install a well from rings without a bottom and the water itself will gradually go into the soil.
For a bath with a toilet, you need to make a septic tank of two or more chambers. The first chamber is made under the accumulation of feces, it must be airtight, then filters are placed.

Thus, according to their design, do-it-yourself septic tanks for a bath are made into single-chamber and multi-chamber (more often than two). The size of a septic tank with a filter system must take into account the level of groundwater. If it is high, then it is necessary that the septic tank contains as much water from the drain as possible, otherwise in spring and autumn there will be problems with the system during the rains.

Given the GWL (groundwater level), with or without a bath toilet, choose the material for the septic tank:

Barrels made of metal with a carved bottom.
PVC barrels with drilled holes for water filtration.
concrete rings.
Monolithic concrete well from a single pipe.
Well from old car tires.
Septic tank made of large PVC containers.

The first two options are not suitable for soil with a high level of HW, since water will not leave them. It is advisable to install small PVC or metal barrels on sandstone.

The size and depth of the septic tank is selected individually. If the depth is large, then take a smaller diameter of the materials, and vice versa. The place under the septic tank must be available for pumping out the AC by a machine or a drainage pump with access to the public sewer.

How to make a septic tank from reinforced concrete rings

A septic tank for a bath made of reinforced concrete rings is not much different from a regular household one. Since the water from the bath is mostly clean, it is not necessary to make a large depth of the well. Before work, you need to decide on the place and purchase ready-made reinforced concrete rings from 2 pcs. Do-it-yourself work is carried out in the following stages:

It digs two holes side by side in depth under 1-2 rings, the diameter is 20 cm larger than the rings.
The first ring is installed. The bottom is filled with a concrete cushion by 10-15 cm.
The second is mounted on it.
Install pipes and cover for the well. If the cover is made of concrete, then it is necessary to leave a hatch in it. The first two rings will serve as a sump.
In order for the seams between the rings to be airtight, they are coated with bitumen or mastic based on it.
The first ring is mounted in the second well.
The bottom is covered with a 15 cm gravel pillow.
The second ring is installed, the seams do not need to be waterproofed.
Between themselves, septic tanks are connected by a sewer PVC pipe, at an angle to the second well.

If the bath does not provide for the installation of a toilet, then only one well can be made from reinforced concrete rings with a bottom covered with gravel.

A system of reinforced concrete rings will last for many years, but there are disadvantages:

It is difficult to carry out installation without the involvement of special equipment, since the rings are heavy.
Price for rings from 2000 rubles. country bath with such a system is considered a luxury.

Summer residents and gardeners solved the problem with the price and heavy weight using improvised material, such as old tires.

How to make a septic tank from tires

Tires from a tractor or a large car are the most economical option for making a septic tank.

Old tires are taken from Kamaz or any other large car. You can find them for free at

The design of a septic tank made of tires is also made of two or one chamber, depending on whether there is a toilet in the bath or not. Installation is carried out in the following steps:

They dig two or one hole with a depth below the freezing of the soil, at least 2 m. The diameter depends on the size of the tire (more than 15 cm of the wheel).
Tires on the inside are cut so that the well is less clogged. The cut is easier to make with a jigsaw or chainsaw.
A well of tires is laid out on top of each other.
A pipe with a diameter of 10 cm is brought to the well, they should be below the freezing of the soil, at an angle from the bath. A pipe is also mounted between the wells, at an angle from the first well to the second. The pipe is inserted into the slots on the side of the tires.
The first well must be either concreted from below or laid a dense clay pillow. Gravel is poured at the bottom of the second.
The space between the pit and the tires is covered with sand and gravel, carefully tamping.

For wells made of tires, it is necessary to come up with covers, and they will not only prevent the spread of smell, but also protect children and animals from falling inside.

Septic tank made of prefabricated iron or PVC cubes

Ready-made euro-cubes for the design of a septic tank for a bath.

PVC or iron cubes are sold in construction and gardening large shopping malls. They are expensive but easy to work with. sewer well it will be sealed. The volume can be any up to 10,000 cubic meters. PVC cubes are also called euro-containers, they are often used in large transport companies for the transport of various liquids. You can try to buy them there, used cheaper.

Euro-cubes are mounted in the following steps:

The neck is cut and tees are mounted in it, all joints must be sealed with special plastic sealants.
From the end of the container, stepping back from the top 250 mm, a cutout is made for a plastic pipe of the required diameter.
Another hole is made on top for mounting the ventilation pipe. It is connected to a tee.
Further, if the design is two-chamber, connecting holes are made. In the first container, it should be 15-20 cm below the hole for the underwater pipe, in the second container, 20-25 cm below this hole.
A wide hole is dug so that the entire structure fits (from 2 or 1 container).
Cubes with pipes are installed at the bottom of the pit and reinforced with iron fittings or any old ones. metal pipes. If the septic tank is completely metal, then the fittings are welded by welding.
The structure must be filled with concrete mortar along the neck of the wells.
It is good to pre-insulate the system with foam plastic on the upper horizontal surfaces and only then concrete.

The design is eternal, but very expensive.

Septic tank for a garden or country bath

For not big bath in the garden or in the country, you can make a single-chamber septic tank from a plastic or iron barrel without a bottom. To do this, holes are cut out in a plastic barrel along the entire perimeter of the walls and bottom, and the bottom is completely removed from the iron barrel. Further work is carried out as follows:

A hole is dug in depth along the height of the barrel, the width is 10-15 cm larger than the diameter.
Gravel 10 cm is poured into the pit, it is rammed.
A hole is made on the side of the barrel, retreating 20 cm from above under the drain pipe.
The barrel is installed in a pit, in order to avoid distortion, it is necessary to strengthen the structure with reinforcement from 4 sides simply by sticking it inside the pit.
The distance between the walls and the pit is covered with gravel and rammed.
From above, the well will protrude by 10 cm, you need to come up with a cover.

Water will gradually dissolve itself from the well into the ground, once a season it must be cleaned of debris.

More information about the septic tank for a bath can be viewed on the video:

It is not difficult to make a septic tank for a bath with your own hands, using any of the proposed methods. The most budgetary and affordable of car tires and old barrels, the material is light and installation can be done alone. Which option is more suitable for your bath should be chosen taking into account factors such as: the bath is used all year round or seasonally, whether there is a toilet in the bathhouse or not, the groundwater level on the site, and even landscape features. The above instructions will help you understand and perform the work correctly.

Bath septic tank: installation basics

In this article we will look at how to make a septic tank for a bath with your own hands.

Such a device will allow long time forget about overflow, and this will save a lot of time and money. This design consists of two chambers with biological wastewater treatment. By installing it on the site, the owner will get rid of the pumping procedure for a long time.

How does a septic tank work without pumping

The choice of a septic tank for a bath is determined by the following conditions:

The composition of the soil in the bath area.
Terrain relief.
Location from neighboring sites and water sources.
Individual possibilities of the bath owner.

Such an installation consists of two tanks interconnected at the required level. In the main tank complex organic matter processed by microorganisms into non-hazardous waste for humans. In addition, heavy and solid particles of biological waste settle to the bottom.

Then the already purified water is poured into another container, after which it enters the soil through an additional filter from a layer of gravel and sand. This is how the process of wastewater treatment takes place. drain water baths, and the remaining liquid through the second chamber is removed from the structure. Such a septic tank additional costs maintenance can take a long time.

Pit for sewerage

The depth of the pit depends on the water level in the area. It will not work to build a deep structure with a close location of groundwater.

It's important to know!
The normal distance from a septic tank to a residential building should be from 5 to 10 meters to avoid washing away the foundation with sewage.

Before digging a pit, you need to find out what the composition of the soil is on the site. The average size the septic tank should be about three meters deep and with the same diameter. But, as is known from practice, the larger the septic tank, the longer it takes to fill.

formwork

When the pit for the septic tank is dug, it is necessary to install the formwork for pouring the solution. To do this, you can use old wooden shields or boards.
It needs to be divided into two sections - one container can be made larger, and the other slightly smaller. A pipe for overflowing water must be inserted between them.
It is more convenient to make formwork directly in the pit. So that it does not fall apart under the huge weight of concrete, it needs to be strengthened. Spacers should be made of thicker beams to increase the rigidity of the structure.

It is advisable to install fittings or any other steel structures into the formwork to increase the reliability of the future septic tank. Sometimes old metal beds that have become unusable are used for this.

Filling formwork with concrete

Concrete is kneaded at the rate of:

1 part cement;
2 parts sand;
2 parts gravel.

This solution must be filled with water and constantly stirred until a homogeneous mass is obtained. The solution must be not very thick and moderately liquid.

Tools and materials that we need:

Concrete mixer.
Shovel.
Level.
Brick.
Wooden boards.
Fittings.
Metal hatches (2 pcs.).

An important point on how to build a septic tank for a bathhouse with your own hands is to fill it. The durability and strength of the entire structure depends on the quality of concrete. Pouring can be done immediately, or it can be done in stages, gradually raising the formwork higher along the solidification of the concrete mass.

If a concrete works qualitatively executed, then in the near future the septic tank will not need repairs. And if you save on cement or do not carry out reinforcement, then in the near future you cannot avoid the repair procedure.

After the concrete hardens and dries, construction begins between the chambers of the septic tank of the partition, which can be laid out from used bricks in order to save money.

Overlapping a septic tank

The final stage of work is the construction of the septic tank ceiling.

If there is small size finished slab or concrete cover, then it must be installed on the walls of the device. If not at hand necessary materials, then the floor slab can be made independently.

For this we will need:

Make formwork from boards or other auxiliary materials.
Install in it metal mesh from thick wire or fittings.
Pour all this with a solution of concrete.

In this case, it will be necessary to build a hole for the ventilation pipe for the septic tank of the bath and create an inspection hatch to control the level of drains. Within 15 centimeters should be the thickness of the overlap. On this, the construction for a septic bath without pumping is completed.

You can pour fertile land and plant flowers or shrubs that will close sewer device and create an attractive view around your bath. And the price of such a device will cost you cheap.

What is our conclusion

From everything that we have considered above, a simple truth follows - a biological installation without pumping out can be built on your own. This small instruction will help you build a septic tank on your site without financial costs and the use of expensive building materials.

High-quality work on the installation of this device is the key to a long service life of the structure. The video in this article has prepared some more information for you, look!

How to make a septic tank for a bath or choose a ready one

The construction of a bathhouse in a summer cottage is simply impossible without the organization of all necessary communications including sewers. We will talk about how to build a septic tank for a bath in the country with our own hands in this article.

To make the operation of the bath as comfortable and long-term as possible, it is necessary to take care of the outflow of a large amount of dirty water in advance. The construction of a cesspool is the most acceptable way out, since it will allow you to actively use the bathhouse without causing harm. environment and without breaking sanitary norms. In addition, a septic tank for a bath with a toilet is simply mandatory, because you can’t get by with a simple trench.

Choice principle

At the stage of planning the construction of a septic tank with your own hands, or the installation of factory fixtures, you should decide for what purposes it will be used, that is, what kind of drains will fall into it.

In most cases, when it comes to effluents from the bath, they mean "gray water", which contains soap suds, fatty acids, surfactants, as well as skin and hair particles.

But in cases where the bath is equipped with a toilet, the waste will be of a completely different nature. To dispose of such “black” sewage, a septic tank of a special design will be required, in which there are special filters and several settling chambers.

According to their structure, septic tanks can be both single-chamber and two-chamber. The simplest single-chamber septic tank is a design in which there is a large tank without a bottom, as well as drainage, that is, it works like a filter well. Can be used as a container metal barrels with broken bottom, iron concrete rings, automobile tires in which done small holes. The filter is a crushed stone pillow laid on the bottom of the pit.

It is worth noting that when placing a cesspool on the site, one should take into account how high the ground water on your site. If the water layer runs high enough, when calculating the size of the septic tank, it must be provided that as much water can fit in it at the same time as is usually obtained with the active use of the bath, otherwise it will quickly become overflowing.

If a toilet is provided during the construction of the bath, then the septic tank in this case must include at least two cameras. In addition, a similar option is relevant if regular and intensive use of the bath is planned. A septic tank of this design is on sale in specialized stores.

And if you wish, you can build it yourself from well rings made of reinforced concrete, concrete mortar, car tires or eurocubes, that is, plastic tanks. At self construction a septic tank from well rings will need to take into account a number of individual conditions and parameters of your site and bath.

In the first chamber, a rough mechanical treatment of wastewater is carried out. It is covered with a layer of fine-grained gravel or gravel, passing through which dirty water filtered out from large particles. And already in the next chamber there is a settling of water, which was subjected to primary rough cleaning.

The next container is a well through which water is gradually sucked into the ground. This design is provided for cases where you need a septic tank for a bath without pumping. In other cases general principle the operation of the septic tank will be similar, only the second chamber will also serve as a drainage well equipped with a bottom filter.

We draw your attention to the fact that as the operation progresses, the gravel and crushed stone cushion in the first chamber gradually becomes clogged, as a result of which the speed of the primary mechanical cleaning. Therefore, this layer periodically needs to be completely replaced.

Types of septic tanks

Buy factory finished septic tank for sewage disposal - the simplest solution for suburban area. However, often a self-made cesspool copes with the task of cleaning and accumulating wastewater much better and more efficiently, moreover, the construction of such a design will be much cheaper.

Cesspool with filter

A similar design consists of one chamber, the bottom of which is filled with 40-50 cm of a pillow, which includes sand, small pebbles and gravel.

The walls of such a well are laid out with bricks or rubble stone.

Design advantages:

requires little financial outlay;
produces high-quality wastewater treatment even with regular use;
is not difficult to build.

Flaws:

this type drain pit unacceptable for a bath with a toilet;
Drainage backfill silts up quite quickly, so it needs to be changed periodically.

Drainage pit made from car tires

Before you make a septic tank for a bath from car tires, they should be cut along the sides.

Chambers for a future septic tank should be dug about 2-3 meters from the bath. The recommended depth of the excavations is approximately 2-3 m, although the calculation is based on the expected amount of water used. The diameter of the pit should be 15 cm larger than the size of the tires so that they can be fixed.

In the first chamber of the septic tank, it is necessary to seal the bottom. For this, it is used concrete mortar or clay. In the second chamber, a filtration cushion of gravel and sand is poured onto the bottom.

Car tires are laid on top of each other in prepared pits. Between themselves, they need to be fastened with wire, staples or plastic clamps.

In order to be able to bring a pipeline for wastewater and channels for transfusing them between the chambers, holes are cut in the tires.

For draining, a 110 mm pipe is used, which is connected to the first tank at a level below the soil freezing line.

The tanks are connected to each other by an overflow pipe.

The remaining gaps between the tires and the walls of the pits must be covered with previously excavated soil or clay.

From above, both chambers of the septic tank are covered with iron sheets or wooden shields. To disguise them, a layer of earth is poured on top.

The advantages of this type of septic tank:

using tires different diameter you can choose the diameter for the septic tank for the bath, which will be optimal in each individual case;
such a design does not require large expenses for materials and their delivery, and it is very simple to build it;
A tire septic tank is very convenient to use.

Flaws:

such facilities do not provide high level tightness;
as a result, before the final suction, the wastewater is not subjected to sufficient quality cleaning.

Please note that the construction of a septic tank from car tires with one chamber equipped with a filtration pad does not in any case involve placing a toilet in a bathhouse.

Septic tank from eurocubes

The sequence of actions in the construction of a septic tank from eurocubes is as follows:

In the purchased plastic eurocubes, with a capacity of about 1 m3, tees are installed in the neck part, and holes are also cut for communications.
A pit is dug on the site, 15 cm wider than the Eurocube on each side, after which the containers are immersed in pits. By the way, septic tanks can be made from Eurocubes, which do not require sewage pumping.
In the process of creating a septic tank, consisting of two chambers, the walls, as well as the bottom of the pit, must be concreted. To fragile plastic containers did not surface, they are attached to concrete screed using special clamps.
In the prepared pits, you need to install Eurocubes, which were previously filled with water. It will be possible to drain it only after the pit is completely backfilled. A concrete solution should be poured between the walls of the tanks and the pit, which will give the structure additional strength.
So that the water inside the septic tank does not freeze, it is covered on top with a layer of foam and covered with earth. But the ventilation pipes must be on the surface.
A sand-gravel mixture is poured into the previously dug trenches, in which drainage perforated pipes with a cross section of 50 mm are laid.

The advantages of the building:

due to this design, a very effective wastewater treatment is obtained;
Eurocubes provide long-term and reliable operation of the septic tank.

Flaws:

due to the need for preliminary concreting of the walls and the bottom of the pit, such a septic tank is quite laborious in execution.

Septic tank made of concrete rings

Cesspool from reinforced concrete rings, in its design it is very similar to a shallow well.

For its construction, as a rule, two pits are prepared.

At the same time, the depth of the septic tank and the number of required rings will be influenced by the level of the groundwater layer, as well as the estimated volume of the drained liquid.

In the first tank, the bottom is concreted to obtain an airtight chamber. The second tank at the bottom is covered with a sand and gravel layer, 20-30 cm thick.

At the final stage, communication pipes are brought into the wells and covers with hatches are mounted.

For a small volume of drains, you can build a single-chamber septic tank from concrete rings. In this case, its bottom is covered with gravel. Cesspool from plastic barrels will build in the same way.

Industrial septic tanks

Those who do not want to bother with arranging a septic tank on their own prefer to purchase factory models of such products.

The following models are considered the most popular:

The septic tank "Triton" is presented in two versions - micro for 450 liters and mini for 750 liters. It is produced in single and double chamber, with a weight of 40 and 70 kg, respectively. The design is able to withstand up to -30 ºС. The kit comes with a cleaning system. The entire set, which also includes a lid with a neck, will cost consumers 12 and 21 thousand rubles, respectively.
Septic tanks of models DKS 15 and 15M are capable of processing up to 0.45 m3 of liquid per day. They are convenient to operate and maintain. Such products cost about 29-35 thousand rubles.

For deeper cleaning on the market, you can find stations of the Topas, Unilos and similar models. Such filtration systems already require more significant costs.

However, we note that for installation in the country, simple designs are best suited, in which sedimentation tanks and filters for coarse cleaning are equipped. If necessary, they can be supplemented with soil aftertreatment.

In our days in the country, or personal plot there is a bath. This is a miracle of healing and beneficial for the body, which has come down to us from time immemorial and is the legacy of our ancestors. No other bathhouse or sauna can be compared with the Russian bathhouse. The Russian bath has many advantages, but there are also disadvantages not in the bath itself, of course, but in its operation, more precisely in the use of sewage. Often, in the old samples of the buildings of the baths, there was simply no sewage system and the water went into the cracks between the boards in the floor, and then into the soil.

Of course, the whole thing then exuded moisture and dampness for a long time. Not infrequently, the owners of the baths had to dismantle the floor in the steam room and subsequently dry the boards, or simply keep the door open until the next time, so that it ventilated and dried out. In the bath without high humidity, and even if dampness comes from under the floor, then the structure will quickly become unusable.

Also, during the operation of baths without sewage, the owners, for example, change every 10 years lower crown log house. Some attendants go to the trick and make the lower crown out of hard rock wood such as oak.

In order for the bathhouse to serve the owners for a long time, it is necessary to make a sewerage system. Nowadays, there is a huge selection of sewer systems, septic tanks of all designs and sizes for houses and baths. But these septic tanks sometimes cost a lot of money and are beyond the reach of a simple summer resident. What to do common man And how to protect the bath from dampness and moisture? As always, you need to look for a solution and think with your head. So the author pored over his brains and came to the decision to make a sewer with my own hands and save money family budget.

He took the principle of operation of a conventional septic tank as an idea. The septic tank is arranged as follows - two tanks are interconnected at the top, when the first tank is filled, it begins to flow into another tank that performs the function of drainage. The author took information and drawings from the Internet, thought out and completed it for himself. And so, what does the author need to fulfill his idea?

Materials: two plastic barrels cement mortar, boards, gravel, polystyrene, sewer pipes.
Tools: spade, hammer, axe, hacksaw.

Then he dug a hole under a makeshift septic tank, took him out of the bath sewer pipe and connected to the reservoir. I made a lid on top.

That's all and covered with a lid on top.

A competent sewerage device is the key to a convenient and comfortable operation baths. After all, you can truly enjoy the cleansing of the soul and body only if the washing process is not overshadowed by extraneous irritants - unpleasant odors, water and dirt gathering on the floor in the room. How to equip the sewer for a bath, read in our material. In this article, we will talk in detail about common device sewerage in the bath, organization of water drainage, drainage, installation of a septic tank and other options.

Bath sewerage device

About device sewer system baths, it is important to think about it even at the stage of laying the foundation, then the type of sewerage will be selected correctly, and all work will be performed as efficiently and in a timely manner as possible. Before arranging a sewer for a bath, you need to carefully study some points in order to choose the right type waste system:

the maximum number of visitors (it depends on what type of sewerage is suitable for a particular bath and what volume of the tank to choose);
seasonality of use of the bath - winter, summer or all year round;
joint sewerage for the entire site or arrangement of a separate sewage system for a bath;
the presence of a toilet in the bath building;
soil type;
soil freezing;
groundwater level.

After studying all the features of the site and implementing necessary calculations, you can consider what type of sewer system is suitable for your bath - simple drain design, waste (drain) pit, drainage system or a large and complex septic tank.

Important. Regardless of which type of sewer system you choose, a well-thought-out scheme for the disposal of used water helps to solve most of the problems. Make sure that all drain pipes leading from the steam room and shower room are installed before laying the floors.

How to make a drain in the bath

If you are planning to build a seasonal bath without a toilet, then the most best option- the simplest drain system (drain), which provides for the laying of sewage pipes with a slope to the storage tank. To do this, at some distance from the bath building (optimally - 2-3 m) put storage capacity and run a sewer to it. As storage tank any reliable reservoir can serve - a can, a bath, a barrel made of plastic or metal, the main thing is that it has a suitable volume. After settling in a container, water can be used for watering flower beds and garden beds or for household work.

Important: you can calculate the volume of the storage tank, given that about 30 liters of water is required to wash two people. Thus, if the bath is designed for 4-6 visitors, you need to select a tank with a volume of at least 100 liters.

drain hole

Another option is an ordinary drain pit, however, such a sewage system can be arranged in those areas where the groundwater on the site lies deep enough. Otherwise, the drain pit will be filled with underground water and there will be little room for water from the bath.

How to make a drain hole

Calculate the volume of water that will be consumed in one wash, and dig a pit at a distance of three to four meters from the building, the dimensions of which will correspond to the approximate volume of waste water. A drain pit for a small bath is usually made with a height, width and depth of 1 meter.

If the soil is sandy, then the sides of the pit must be strengthened, otherwise the earth will settle, crumble and disrupt the structure. The walls are reinforced with boards or slate, lined with bricks or concrete rings are installed, and in some cases tires are used. You can even pour cement, after making the formwork. Loam and sandstone can not be strengthened - water will quietly seep into the soil through the walls and bottom of the pit.

Drainage sewer system

Usually a bathhouse on a personal plot is built for a limited number of people, not exceeding 6-8 people. Therefore, the most suitable option for own bath will be the simplest drainage system.

To begin with, on the site, choose a convenient place near the bath for drainage well. The depth of the well is calculated depending on the freezing of the soil in winter period. If the ground freezes up to 70 cm, then the well must have a depth of at least 1.5 m.

A drainage well is made according to the principle of a drain pit device - they dig a hole required sizes and lay sewer pipes to it. The main difference is filling the well with drainage, which is used as gravel, expanded clay, crushed stone or broken brick. So, the order of work on the device of a drainage well:

Put a 10-centimeter layer of clay on the bottom of the pit.
With the same 10 cm layer of clay, cover the trench that will be used as a drain, and give it the shape of a gutter. If, when digging a trench, provide for a slight slope to the side sewer pit, the water will flow down the gutter, not lingering and not accumulating in one place.
0.5 m of drainage is laid out on a carefully processed clay pillow (expanded clay, crushed stone or gravel mixed with sand), then carefully sprinkled with a layer of earth and carefully tamped.
It is advisable to insulate the sewer pipe laid from the bathhouse to the pit so that the water does not freeze in winter.

If a mixture of gravel and sand was used as drainage, then you need to remember that it quickly becomes dirty, and it will need to be cleaned periodically.

Bath septic tank

For a large bath with a toilet and a rest room, a simple drain pit will obviously not be enough, so a good owner needs to arrange a reliable sewer system - a complex and solid septic tank for a bath. If funds allow, then a septic tank can be bought - there are modern installations any size and difficulty level. But even the most difficult treatment plant you can build with your own hands, so usually site owners prefer to deal with the construction of septic tanks on their own.

Eurocubes for a septic tank

For the device of home-made septic tanks, Eurocubes are often used - plastic containers with a volume of a thousand liters.

Eurocube is a tank with a rigid steel crate designed for the transportation and storage of bulk and liquid cargo. Eurocubes are made from polyurethane, plastic, wood, high carbon steel and aluminum. In the upper part, the container is equipped with a neck with a polyethylene lid and a sealing ring, and in the lower part, drain tap with valve and seal.

In order for the eurocube to perform its functions qualitatively, it must be prepared:

A tee is installed in the neck located in the upper part of the cube.
At the end of the tank, at a distance of 25 cm from the top of the tank, make a hole for the inlet supply pipe.
A hole is cut out in the upper horizontal part for the ventilation pipe, which is then connected to the tee.
If two tanks are installed, they must be connected. To do this, make a hole for connecting pipes. In the first container, a hole is cut 20 cm below the supply pipe. The second tank is located below the first.
After preparation, the containers are connected to each other with pipes and fixed with fittings.
In the second tank, 30 cm below the upper edge, a hole is made for the outlet pipe.

Important: if the neck is too narrow and it is not possible to insert a tee into it, an incision can be made around it. After installing the tee, seal it securely.

Carefully lubricate all joints of the structure with sealant, and then proceed to prepare the pit.

First of all, you need to correctly calculate the size of the pit. The pit should be such that about 15 cm remains between its walls and the walls of the container. free space, and a concrete slab 15 cm high fit at the bottom. Eurocubes will stand firmly and reliably if the walls and bottom of the pit are concreted.

Installation of tanks

After the concrete in the pit has dried, tanks are installed and filled with water. The gap between the tanks is concreted so that when the soil moves, there is no destruction of the structure. top the septic tank must be insulated by laying foam sheets on top. Then fill the tanks with earth, leaving only the ventilation pipes on the surface.

The arrangement of a septic tank has its advantages and disadvantages. Among the main advantages is the ability to collect in a storage tank a large number of water, no unpleasant odors and cleanliness of the area. The disadvantages of a septic tank include:

The need to equip the installation at the lowest site of the cottage in order to ensure the natural flow of water into the tanks;

Organization of free passage of the sewage truck to the site and directly to the sump;

The need to regularly order the services of vacuum cleaners, which creates an additional expense item in the family budget.

How to connect a bath to a central sewer line

The availability of an autonomous or centralized sewerage system can facilitate efforts to equip sewers. By connecting drain pipes directly to finished system, the owner gets rid of the problem of arranging the sewage system.

If the site is located next to the central sewer line, it is quite possible to connect to it. To do this, you need to write an application to the appropriate department, draw up a package permits and do some things:

Draw up a contract for installation and earthworks with a design organization that operates in full compliance with the law and has all the necessary certificates.
If the work will be carried out near residential buildings, obtain the written consent of the neighbors to carry out the event.
Install a special inspection well designed to control the sewer system and to check sewers.

Only after the implementation of all measures can a permit be obtained to connect the sewer system of the bath to the central highway.

Usually the owners small baths they try to equip the sewage system on their own, since the small amount of wastewater from the bath makes it inappropriate to spend all the time and effort on visiting institutions and drawing up contracts. The construction of a solid sewer system with your own hands will cost an order of magnitude cheaper and will not require much time.

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