The need to dismantle the walls arises during the overhaul of the dwelling.
Is it possible to do such work on your own and what you need to know for the proper demolition of walls with your own hands? This will be discussed in our article.
The process of dismantling walls has its own characteristics, which largely depend on the material that was used in the construction of these structures. The most popular building material is brick, so first we will tell you how to properly demolish brick walls.
Do-it-yourself dismantling of brick walls is usually carried out in order to save money. Here it is very important to determine in advance whether the wall is a load-bearing wall or whether it is an interior partition.
In the second case, demolition is much easier, because you do not have to worry about the integrity of the remaining walls. The dismantling of a brick load-bearing wall must be done carefully, be sure to install supports before starting work.
Before starting the dismantling of brick walls, preparatory work is carried out.
- On top of the floor covering, several layers of soft fabric or a blanket must be laid. This will protect the finishing material from damage when the brick falls on the floor.
- Furniture items in the room must be protected from construction dust by covering them with a film.
- You need to prepare a set of tools: a chisel, a puncher, a hammer and a sledgehammer.
The process of demolishing a brick wall is carried out in the following sequence:
- First you need to carefully remove all electrical wiring that runs through the wall. The best option would be a complete shutdown of electricity in the house for the duration of the dismantling work;
- In the process of work, the wall is periodically moistened with water - this helps to reduce the amount of construction dust in the room;
- Next, you need to remove the skirting boards (ceiling and floor);
- Remove the finishing coating from the wall (wallpaper, plaster, tiles);
- The next stage is the actual disassembly of the brickwork. Bricks are knocked out of the wall using a chisel and a sledgehammer.
To do this, a chisel is placed at the junction between adjacent bricks, and then it is strongly hit with a sledgehammer. This allows you to break the integrity of the binder material and easily get the bricks out of the masonry.
It will be much easier to break a binder made on the basis of clay (it breaks down faster).
The need for redevelopment of rooms arises not only during the repair of the house, but also during the arrangement of the apartment. It is a little more difficult to dismantle partition walls in an apartment.
To do this, you will need a general plan of the house and permission to perform such work in the relevant organization.
You can demolish a wall in an apartment on your own only if you are well acquainted with the design features of an apartment building. It is still advisable to entrust the execution of the procedure to an experienced master.
The easiest way is to dismantle the walls in an apartment located in Khrushchev houses. The load-bearing walls in such a house are located at the edges, so you can’t go wrong.
The interior partitions in the apartments of these houses are made of brick laid using a certain technique (on the edge). You need to disassemble this wall, starting from the doors.
Do not be afraid to knock out bricks - this wall does not support any structures, so you will not break anything in the process of doing the work.
First, knock out the bricks located above the doorway and carefully disassemble the wall to the ceiling. Next, disassemble the wall on both sides of the doorway, moving from top to bottom.
It will be more difficult to dismantle the partition wall in an apartment located in a panel house. Such walls can serve as load-bearing walls, so you need to be extremely careful.
You will have to obtain permission for dismantling in a special organization and invite a specialist to determine whether the wall belongs to the carrier or acts as an interior partition.
Partition walls in prefabricated houses are made of wire reinforcement filled with gypsum. Disassembling a monolithic structure is much more difficult than a brick wall, and for this work you will need the following tools:
- Hammer;
- Bulgarian with a cutting disc;
- Perforator.
It is better to dismantle such a wall in parts so that large pieces of the slab do not cause you injury.
Concrete walls usually serve as load-bearing walls, so it is undesirable to dismantle them. It is not difficult to demolish concrete partition walls, for this work you will need the following set of tools:
- Perforator;
- Saw grinder with a diamond blade;
- Jackhammer.
Bearing walls made of concrete may only be partially dismantled. Before performing the procedure, the area to be dismantled must be well prepared.
- Temporary support beams must be installed between the surface of the floor and ceiling.
- Further, concrete slabs are cut with a grinder to the reinforcement.
- After that, the diamond disc is changed and the rebar is cut.
For information on how to dismantle the floor in an apartment, see here http://glavspec.ru/demontazh-pola-v-kvartire.html
Master's advice on why you need a floor screed, see here
The process of demolition of a concrete wall with reinforcement is somewhat more complicated than the dismantling of brick walls. But with the right approach and following all the recommendations, you can do it yourself.
And also watch the video tutorial on how to dismantle the partition (wall) with your own hands:
True, I had experience with brick walls, they were dismantled easily, I coped with a sledgehammer for several hours, but with concrete ones it’s more difficult there, you already need to have equipment there.
I think anyone can break it with a hammer, the main thing is to find a big hammer, but as for other tools, I'm not sure that every house has them, they will have to be rented.
To start dismantling walls and partitions with your own hands, you must definitely turn off all the engineering networks that are in the walls - water, heating systems, radio and electrical wires. If it is necessary to stop the water supply or power supply of the entire entrance (house), special services are involved with the notification of residents in order to avoid conflict situations.
Basically, the new layout of the dwelling, accompanied by redevelopment, is desired by the owners of apartments built during the Soviet era. Buildings of the same type with long corridors and small rooms are gradually being replaced by new design reincarnations. A private house, the project for which was also created in the last century, can be (even necessary!) Re-planned for comfortable life.
When the project of a new dwelling has already been prepared, the estimate has been drawn up, and the innovations have been agreed with the city authorities, you can begin the final stage of preparing the apartment for repair - dismantling the walls, the price of which will be negligible if done by hand. To facilitate the demolition of the walls in the apartment, the platbands are first removed, the plinths, if necessary, the plaster is removed.
During the overhaul, the floor is often dismantled, but if the floor covering cannot be replaced, then it is imperative to arrange a “shock-absorbing” coating of cardboard, rags, and old blankets. This will protect the floor from flying weighty pieces of the monolith, without which the demolition of walls in a panel house will not do.
Walls and partitions of any building can be:
Bearing walls play the role of a capital structure of the building, therefore, independent dismantling of the wall, the price of which from the master depends on the amount of work, as well as cutting large openings in them, requires the permission of the design company. Illiterate intervention in the supporting building schemes of brick, concrete, reinforced concrete, which is fraught with illegal redevelopment of the apartment, entails the danger of violating the strength of the structure. The building ceases to be safe for life, and in the future, unauthorized demolition of the walls in the apartment may cause the destruction of the entire house. Therefore, it is recommended to dismantle a brick wall or partition with your own hands only in case of emergency, with the permission of the relevant city services.
Load-bearing walls are an intermediate element between the foundation and other building elements. Finding its location is quite simple: you need to determine the area where the ceiling slabs are located, which are supported by crossbars or beams. These walls transfer the load of the entire structure of the house to the foundation along with the roof, interfloor ceilings, and their own weight.
If the dismantling of the main brick wall is inevitable, all precautions must be taken. The load is redistributed on it by creating an auxiliary load-bearing beam, which must rest with its ends on a solid foundation.
After making sure that the temporary reinforcement of reinforced concrete lintels or steel beams has reliable stability and high strength, you can begin to dismantle the brick wall. Depending on the building material used, different methods of demolition of capital structures are used:
When dismantling the brickwork, the upper brick is first knocked out, located in the center of the future opening. Then the upper row of masonry is sequentially disassembled to the right and to the left of the removed brick. In this case, the opening must be formed so that there is a slight expansion along the top line in order to secure the reinforcing jumpers. Strong iron beams are placed at a distance of at least 15 cm from each other, securely fixed. Then the top of the opening is filled with bricks, tightly adjacent to the ceiling slab. It is advisable to remove temporary supports only after the mortar has completely dried in the brickwork.
Demolition of walls in a panel house is performed a little differently. When dismantling the base from blocks, the surface is divided into several sectors, and with the help of a jackhammer, each part of it is destroyed in turn. If a metal mesh or reinforcement is found, cutting is performed using a grinder.
Walls that are not solid are created with a finer structure.
The dismantling of partitions in an apartment implies the same technology as for load-bearing walls. Their scrapping does not require any additional devices.
Quick dismantling of partitions in an apartment that are not load-bearing does not provide for the installation of fasteners. Their disassembly is carried out in the reverse order of assembly.
Usually, during the construction of partitions, a gap is left between it and the ceiling, which is filled with gypsum mortar and tow. When dismantling the partitions in the apartment, they clear it, remove the baguette, platband, plinth, and then demolish the wall itself, the thickness of which is about 10-14 cm:
Concrete partitions can be removed using diamond cutting, which will significantly speed up the process and avoid noisy vibrations, as well as a lot of dust.
The cladding is first removed from the plasterboard partition, and then the frame is disassembled.
The demolition of a glass block structure is carried out similarly to a plasterboard one: first, the external elements are disassembled, and then the frame is demolished.
If the partition is made of blocks or bricks, it is better to demolish it by impact using a traditional sledgehammer, puncher, hammer and chisel.
Wooden partitions are removed by sawing. Elements are dismantled, starting with struts and beams.
Regardless of the material of manufacture, the dismantling of partitions in the apartment is carried out from top to bottom: bricks or other structural elements are removed row by row. It is recommended that the surface to be destroyed be moistened abundantly with water or hung with a wet cloth due to the fact that dismantling work will produce a lot of dust.
It is necessary to stock up in advance with large and durable bags for collecting construction waste, of which a huge amount is foreseen. Breaking is not building. This folk wisdom will be understood only by those who experience this difficult and responsible type of preparatory work first hand. It is also necessary to break wisely, so that later "it would not be excruciatingly painful" ...
To start dismantling walls and partitions with your own hands, you must definitely turn off all the engineering networks that are in the walls - water, heating systems, radio and electrical wires. If it is necessary to stop the water supply or power supply of the entire entrance (house), special services are involved with the notification of residents in order to avoid conflict situations.
Basically, the new layout of the dwelling, accompanied by redevelopment, is desired by the owners of apartments built during the Soviet era. Buildings of the same type with long corridors and small rooms are gradually being replaced by new design reincarnations. for which it was also created in the last century, it is possible (even necessary!) to reschedule for a comfortable life.
When the project of a new dwelling has already been prepared, the estimate has been drawn up, and the innovations have been agreed with the city authorities, you can begin the final stage of repair - the dismantling of the walls, the price of which will be negligible if done by hand. To facilitate the demolition of the walls in the apartment, the platbands are first removed, the plinths, if necessary, the plaster is removed.
It is often done during overhaul, but if the flooring cannot be changed, then it is imperative to arrange a “shock-absorbing” coating of cardboard, rags, and old blankets. This will protect the floor from flying weighty pieces of the monolith, without which the demolition of walls in a panel house will not do.
Dismantling of load-bearing walls
Walls and partitions of any building can be:
carriers
Bearing-enclosing
Enclosing
Bearing walls play the role of a capital structure of the building, therefore, independent dismantling of the wall, the price of which from the master depends on the amount of work, as well as cutting large openings in them, requires the permission of the design company. Illiterate intervention in the supporting building schemes of brick, concrete, reinforced concrete, which is fraught with illegal redevelopment of the apartment, entails the danger of violating the strength of the structure. The building ceases to be safe for life, and in the future, unauthorized demolition of the walls in the apartment may cause the destruction of the entire house. Therefore, it is recommended to dismantle a brick wall or partition with your own hands only in case of emergency, with the permission of the relevant city services.
Load-bearing walls are an intermediate element between the foundation and other building elements. Finding its location is quite simple: you need to determine the area where the ceiling slabs are located, which are supported by crossbars or beams. These walls transfer the load of the entire structure of the house to the foundation along with the roof, interfloor ceilings, and their own weight.
If the dismantling of the main brick wall is inevitable, all precautions must be taken. The load is redistributed on it by creating an auxiliary load-bearing beam, which must rest with its ends on a solid foundation.
After making sure that the temporary reinforcement of reinforced concrete lintels or steel beams has reliable stability and high strength, you can begin to dismantle the brick wall. Depending on the building material used, different methods of demolition of capital structures are used:
When dismantling the brickwork, the upper brick is first knocked out, located in the center of the future opening. Then the upper row of masonry is sequentially disassembled to the right and to the left of the removed brick. In this case, the opening must be formed so that there is a slight expansion along the top line in order to secure the reinforcing jumpers. Strong iron beams are placed at a distance of at least 15 cm from each other, securely fixed. Then the top of the opening is filled with bricks, tightly adjacent to the ceiling slab. It is advisable to remove temporary supports only after the mortar has completely dried in the brickwork.
Demolition of walls in a panel house is performed a little differently. When dismantling the base from blocks, the surface is divided into several sectors, and with the help of a jackhammer, each part of it is destroyed in turn. If a metal mesh or reinforcement is found, cutting is performed using a grinder.
Destruction of barriers
Walls that are not solid are created with a finer structure.
The dismantling of partitions in an apartment implies the same technology as for load-bearing walls. Their scrapping does not require any additional devices.
Quick dismantling of partitions in an apartment that are not load-bearing does not provide for the installation of fasteners. Their disassembly is carried out in the reverse order of assembly.
Usually, during the construction of partitions, a gap is left between it and the ceiling, which is filled with gypsum mortar and tow. When dismantling the partitions in the apartment, they clear it, remove the baguette, platband, plinth, and then demolish the wall itself, the thickness of which is about 10-14 cm:
Concrete partitions can be removed using diamond cutting, which will significantly speed up the process and avoid noisy vibrations, as well as a lot of dust.
The cladding is first removed from the plasterboard partition, and then the frame is disassembled.
The demolition of a glass block structure is carried out similarly to a plasterboard one: first, the external elements are disassembled, and then the frame is demolished.
If the partition is made of blocks or bricks, it is better to demolish it by impact using a traditional sledgehammer, puncher, hammer and chisel.
Wooden partitions are removed by sawing. Elements are dismantled, starting with struts and beams.
Regardless of the material of manufacture, the dismantling of partitions in the apartment is carried out from top to bottom: bricks or other structural elements are removed row by row. It is recommended that the surface to be destroyed be moistened abundantly with water or hung with a wet cloth due to the fact that dismantling work will produce a lot of dust.
It is necessary to stock up in advance with large and durable bags for collecting construction waste, of which a huge amount is foreseen. Breaking is not building. This folk wisdom will be understood only by those who experience this difficult and responsible type of preparatory work first hand. It is also necessary to break wisely, so that later "it would not be excruciatingly painful" ...
With dismantling work as part of the redevelopment of housing, capital repairs begin. The most difficult and responsible stage is the analysis of the bearing and main partitions, which is characterized by high labor intensity and financial cost. Nevertheless, you can implement the dismantling of walls and partitions on your own, having previously obtained the appropriate permission.
Before starting direct work operations, it is necessary to coordinate the documents approving the dismantling. As a basis for redevelopment, in particular, an inventory plan with the results of a building survey can be used. On its basis, a draft layout of the premises is drawn up, which is approved by a special commission in the local town planning authority.
The permit documentation for the dismantling of walls and partitions in the apartment should describe the technology for the production of work, the conditions for their implementation, schemes for the future placement of utilities, ways to deliver equipment with materials and remove construction waste. When the relevant documents are drawn up, it is necessary to prepare a technical and instrumental base for the implementation of the project. Again, if you plan to carry out dismantling without the participation of specialists, then at least you will need a puncher (even better - a jackhammer), a hammer with a sledgehammer, a chisel, metal wedges and a crowbar with a pickaxe.
The whole process of performing the main part of the work can be divided into three stages:
Dismantling of structures by mechanically separating their basic load-bearing parts from each other.
The separated elements are removed, after which they are sorted and stacked. At this stage, the technical destruction and loosening of stone, brick and concrete structures is carried out. After the dismantling of walls and partitions, construction waste and equipment are prepared. Materials are being loaded and removed to a landfill or to special collection points for recycling. The work site is being prepared for the implementation of new construction and installation activities.
Schemes for the dismantling of walls and partitions
In the case of masonry and reinforced concrete structures, two different approaches to dismantling can be applied:
A destruction scheme is provided, in which the force action is directed from top to bottom.
This option is used in cases of dismantling structures in private houses with several floors. Activities begin with the elimination of attic partitions, and end with the demolition of basement walls (if necessary). The most common scheme for the partial dismantling of walls and partitions, in which manual force can be used without special equipment. This approach is used in cases where one or two structures need to be eliminated without a comprehensive revision of the layout.
If there is a doorway at the heart of the structure, it must be dismantled first along with the box.
Further work continues in the direction from the opening to the sides and up. The technique for dismantling brick walls and partitions involves alternately knocking out the masonry by levels. Usually, a sledgehammer with a hammer and a chisel is used for this, and in difficult areas, drilling operations can also be connected with the same percussion hammer, which will lead to the formation of cracks and simplify further work.
Dismantling of partitions
Unlike walls, partitions are characterized by a weaker structure, not so reliable supporting part and connection nodes.
If we are talking about plasterboard or, in principle, modular partitions, then work should begin with unscrewing and removing the hardware on which the supporting profile strips are held. In theory, they should be on the ceiling, in the floor and on the sides. If the question is how to disassemble a wall fastened to a partition, they also start activities from a weaker part.
Having eliminated the bearing and supporting parts, it is possible to disassemble the base of the partition without a special tool. If we are talking about monolithic structures, then the best solution would be to use a large concrete drill. With its help, cutoff contours of individual fragments of the partition are formed, after which a sledgehammer with a hammer is introduced into the workflow.
Garbage removal
Even at the preparation stage, it is advisable to conclude an agreement with a specialized company offering services for the removal of construction waste and specify specific terms. Immediately after the completion of the work activities, the sorted material is placed in a special container. For direct removal, bags for construction debris made of high-pressure polyethylene with a thickness of 55-65 microns are used.
To collect large waste, it is worth preparing bags with a capacity of about 350 liters. For small, but sharp and cutting materials, woven bags made of polypropylene with a volume of up to 80 liters are intended. Then it remains to take out the garbage and put it in the vehicle.
Conclusion
Dismantling activities are not easy to carry out without the help of special equipment and professional builders, especially if such a task is being solved for the first time. And yet, subject to a carefully thought-out plan with a detailed description of each stage and the preparation of a sufficient set of tools, it is quite possible to implement redevelopment on your own.
In this case, and in terms of costs, this event will be inexpensive. For example, bags for construction waste as a consumable will cost about 1000 rubles. This is based on the fact that two packs of 350-liter bags of 10 pieces are used.
As for the tool, it will cost more - about 4-5 thousand rubles. perforator, for example.
Chisels and a hammer with other tools are cheaper to purchase in a single set, which will also cost several thousand rubles. The services of a garbage disposal company are estimated at an average of 1000 rubles. for 1 m3 of waste, taking into account the fact that employees of a hired organization will carry out loading and unloading activities.
Changes in the layout of the apartment are a risky idea if the owner does not know about all the intricacies of the position of load-bearing and simple walls. In panel and brick houses, the dismantling of partitions requires careful preparation, the preparation of certain documents and the selection of professional tools. Failure to do so may damage adjacent walls, floors, and cause injury.
Under what circumstances can walls be dismantled without permits
To avoid trouble, it is better to familiarize yourself with the restrictions and permits for the demolition of structures in the apartment in advance.
If we are talking about brick and concrete structures, then it is better to prepare documents in advance. Officially, permission for redevelopment may not be required, however, for clarification, you need to contact the Housing Inspectorate. To avoid problems after demolition, here's how to proceed:
- Get a passport for an apartment at the BTI (sometimes the owners already have it). Designate on the received plan the areas that are subject to reconstruction, excluding the buildings of the bearing purpose. Draw up a redevelopment document, an application for the demolition of the structure, and then contact the Housing Inspectorate to make sure that the destruction will not lead to instability of the building. Perform repair work, write down an act on them, take it to the BTI. Invite a company specialist to draw up a new plan. Get an updated passport with the indicated changes.
It should be remembered that load-bearing structures are prohibited for demolition. But the same rule applies to partitions, next to which are installed gas appliances or water heaters. Thus, redevelopment in the kitchen, toilet and other non-residential premises requires coordination.
The dismantling of a partition made of plasterboard, wood does not require coordination. But even with independent planning, it is necessary to take into account the features of dismantling partitions from different materials.
Dismantling of a partition in a panel building
To determine the purpose of the wall, it is necessary to estimate its thickness. In a panel house, load-bearing partitions have a width of 210 cm or more, and internal ones up to 100 cm. In a brick house, these figures are 300 and 100 cm (or more).
Inside panel houses, partitions are most often made of reinforced concrete slabs, which can be supplemented with heat-insulating materials. Internal structures in this case are made of drywall. In brick houses, all walls are made of different types of bricks.
Advice! To clarify the type of a particular partition, before dismantling it, you need to look at the BTI plan. It usually indicates which walls are load-bearing.
Before demolition, it is necessary to invite a specialist who can assess the condition of the walls. It will also help to calculate the load distribution after the demolition of various structures.
Before carrying out work, you need to clarify whether there are electrical wires inside the partition. When demolishing walls with a puncher and other tools, it is imperative to turn off the electricity that goes to the wiring inside the wall being processed. For the dismantling of concrete partitions, subsequent changes to the plan are necessary.
Demolition of brick walls
For the arrangement of internal partitions that do not carry additional load, not a whole brick is used, but half or a quarter of it.
This leads to a wall width of at least 70 cm and a maximum of 120 cm. In rare houses, these figures are greater because a whole brick is used. Additionally, the thickness of the partition is affected by decorative materials, insulation or soundproofing coatings.
Important! A brick partition is connected to a load-bearing wall with a ligation. In the second case, steel anchors connected with wires are used.
If the thickness of the brick partition is 120 cm, then after its removal, the load on neighboring structures will change somewhat. To dismantle a brick partition of 120 cm, permission must be obtained.
The order of the destruction of the brick wall:
- With the help of equipment, the plinth is removed. From the bottom up, they begin to knock out the details, gradually disassembling the partition. They work with a sledgehammer, crowbar, or crowbar. To protect the floor before work, it is necessary to put plates or plywood. If you can’t remove any section, you can use a pneumatic gun or grinder, as well as an electric punch. jumper areas, and then process the wall. To remove steel anchors, use a grinder, a sledgehammer and a chisel.
Sometimes radiators are installed on the walls. In this case, you should contact the specialists to move the system to another location.
It is also necessary to take into account that if the partition is partially demolished, then a grinder with a diamond blade is required. For example, structures are partially destroyed when new doorways and windows are integrated. In this case, the diamond blade will give a perfectly even cut.
Preparation before the demolition of the wall
If electrical wiring is found in the wall, then several steps must be taken before dismantling the internal structure. First, remove the found wires and be sure to isolate them. They display in the BTI plan where the new communication will be located.
The preparatory stage also includes the detachment of all foreign structures, including the plinth.
Remove platbands, doors, hooks. Another important step that many people miss is notifying neighbors about the work being done. You can not demolish the wall early in the morning or late in the evening.
How to disassemble a wall from plasterboard
Unlike dismantling brick partitions, demolition of drywall walls is an easier task. But first you need to find out how it was installed:
determine the type of profile used - wood or metal; the presence of a finishing material that is removed first.
It can be tiles, putty, plastic panels or wallpaper; then remove the fasteners that fix the GKL sheets. A screwdriver or drill is used, since in most cases self-tapping screws are used for installation; they determine the presence of deformation or cracks. If they are not there, the GKL is removed carefully, since it can be reused; then the frame made of wood or metal is disassembled, first getting rid of the screws.
Vertical racks during installation of gypsum boards are attached using metal canopies. They are removed with a mount or other tool.
Methods for dismantling concrete partitions
The dismantling of interior partitions in panel houses most often comes down to the destruction of concrete walls. This is necessary to combine the kitchen and dining room, or to create a spacious living room from an extra small bedroom and hall. For work, they use a grinder, a high-quality puncher, a jackhammer.
There is only one sure way to install any concrete structure - you need to work in parts, preventing large slabs from falling, which then cannot be crushed on the floor. In order to work was easy, it is necessary to maintain cleanliness in the room, removing debris.
To destroy a standard concrete wall, you need to use an ordinary grinder with a special circle nozzle. Pieces of the wall must be sawn off a little bit. To facilitate the process, experienced builders recommend marking the wall.
Another tool that can be used to demolish a concrete wall is a jackhammer. But it can only be used if a major overhaul is planned. This is due to the high level of contamination when using said tool.
Important! If a puncher is used, then it is equipped with a large chisel capable of cutting a concrete wall.
Using a perforator, it is easy to make a hole anywhere in the partition. After breaking through the wall, you can use a sledgehammer or a jackhammer.
Self-removal of tongue-and-groove and wooden partitions
The tongue-and-groove slab is one of the best materials for building a partition, but it is rarely used. The dismantling of such a partition in the apartment can be carried out both with the complete destruction of the material, and with preservation for reuse. If the second option is implied, then the work should be extremely accurate, it is best to use a powerful puncher or grinder.
With a tool, the wall is sawn into 3-4 or more fragments, and light tapping with a sledgehammer pushes the resulting slabs onto the floor. To transport the material, it is crushed into convenient fragments. However, such a design will not survive secondary dismantling after installation.
Important! Wooden partitions are rarely used, in recent redevelopment or in outdated houses.
Often, wooden structures can be found in old Khrushchev and stalinkas. They consist of several combined boards painted with plaster. For this, cement and lime mixtures are used.
Wooden products are not subject to repair, as they are dismantled 40-70 years after construction due to redevelopment. It is necessary to dismantle the wooden structure according to standard technology, turning off the electricity and removing the plaster from the surface.
Then they disassemble, dividing the boards into parts. You can cut the elements with a perforator. It is better to remove wooden fragments from the room immediately so that sawdust and small particles do not accumulate, potentially turning into splinters on the arms and legs.
To parse a wooden structure, use a sharp reciprocating saw. It easily separates the elements of the wall, the process starts from the top of the partition. As soon as they reach the middle, they break the rest with a sledgehammer or take it apart with their hands.
Hiring specialists in a construction company
Calling specialists for dismantling is a balanced solution if it is possible to contact a trusted company with experienced workers. There are situations in which the appeal to the masters is the only way to safely disassemble the structure. For example, if it consists of several layers of different materials and there is electrical wiring or other communications.
You should contact specialists if the partition is reinstalled or old materials were used during installation (worn tongue-and-groove structure, wood). If the partition is made with a door frame, and you have never dismantled, you can turn to specialists for accurate work in order to save the door.
Dismantling the partition: procedure
Regardless of what material the partition is made of, you must constantly follow the dismantling technology.
The danger to humans is that without protective materials, one can contaminate the lungs, injure the eyes or legs. People who neglect the use of sturdy shoes when working with a sledgehammer often suffer from broken fingers. Here's how to work:
- First you need to prepare by buying goggles and a construction respirator to protect against dust and fine dirt, as well as sturdy boots and gloves. Then they turn off the electricity, cover furniture and appliances, pipelines. Now you can start reconstruction: first, they remove the decorative layer, then the door and door frame, as well as other details. They start destroying the wall: usually work starts from top to bottom so that there is no collapse of the partition. Destruction starts from the doorway, or from the center. To get rid of excess dust, the surface should be sprinkled with water.
Completion of work - garbage collection. Particular care should be taken with wooden structures. After breaking them, you can put a splinter, so it is better to work with gloves.
A responsible approach to the dismantling of structures from any materials, the preparation of the necessary documents and the coordination of work is the key to the successful completion of the demolition of the wall. Compliance with safety rules and knowledge of the intricacies of working with different materials will help complete the process quickly and without injury.
When planning the complete or partial dismantling of brick walls, certain rules must be taken into account. If there is no desire to deform neighboring partitions, cause damage to the entire building, it is better to approach work responsibly. It is necessary to assess the condition of the partitions, determine their type, and make a redevelopment project.
Wall types
Before you start dismantling the wall, you need to determine what type of wall you want to disassemble. There are two types:
- Bearing - supporting walls that hold the ceiling on them. The main ones are partitions erected one brick thick.
Their breakdown is very different. To dismantle a brick wall, you need to contact the services of specialists. Only professionals can accurately determine the type of wall.
The main ones in most cases are made of red brick. The dismantling of partitions can be carried out by yourself, manually. They have nothing to do with the load distribution of the ceiling.
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Required inventory
Dismantling brick walls and partitions requires special tools. For work you will need:
- hammer; sledgehammer; chisel; perforator; pickaxe.
Before carrying out such work, it is advisable to remove the furniture from the room.
An important fact is the weight of the bricks, which can break the flooring. Therefore, it is necessary to decide whether it will subsequently change.
If yes, secure it before dismantling. Do not forget about the furniture in the room - you also need to take care of it. The best option would be to take it out of the room or at least cover it with a film.
During dismantling, a lot of dirt and dust generally accumulates in the room. To avoid this, the wall is periodically moistened with water, the eyes are protected with goggles, and the mouth and nose are covered with a respiratory mask. Before you start scrapping, you should remove the wallpaper, plaster, dismantle the baseboards, remove or de-energize the wiring.
The dismantling of partitions and internal walls is always associated with the redevelopment of housing. Such events are held in old apartments such as "Khrushchev" and "Stalinka". This is due to the desire of tenants to optimize and improve the available space, get rid of the uncomfortable layout: adjacent rooms, tiny unnecessary closets, incomprehensible nooks and crannies, etc.
Methods for dismantling partitions
There are two ways to dismantle partitions:
- On one's own.
- By calling the experts.
We will consider each option separately.
Do-it-yourself - do-it-yourself wall removal
The main advantage of this method is cost savings. From the beginning to the end of the process, you do not pay anyone and, more importantly, all work is carried out at a convenient time set by the landlord. The disadvantages include the complexity and the need for self-export of construction waste.
Hiring specialists in a construction company
Here, it would seem, everything is fine, but it will take a lot of money. Depending on the region, the dismantling of a brick wall costs from 200 rubles. per m, concrete partitions are removed for a higher price - from 300 rubles / m. To this must be added: a power outage, removal of wiring, garbage disposal - a considerable amount accumulates.
It is unnecessary to say anything about the second method: look for builders, make an estimate, pay and get the desired result. But on the first method it is worth stopping and analyzing the whole process in detail.
Do-it-yourself wall dismantling
Instruments:
- hammer or sledgehammer;
- wire cutters;
- perforator;
- screwdriver;
- saw;
- mount.
Dismantling the partition: procedure
We free the wall from carpets, wall lamps, etc. We take the furniture out of the room, if this is not possible, we carefully cover everything with a film. We de-energize the room, that is, we completely turn off the electricity in it.
Important! Electrical wiring with voltage not turned off when dismantling partitions can not only leave the entire apartment without light, but seriously harm your health.
Using the mount, remove the plinth.
Carefully, starting from the junction box, it is necessary to release the wires from the coating covering them (mortar, wallpaper, panels, etc.).
Dismantle the wiring (remove the wires from the wall).
Remove old doors.
We dismantle the door frame and all existing wooden elements.
The dismantling of the wall must begin from above, the most difficult thing at this stage is to pull out the first piece of masonry (brick, block).
If the wall material is planned to be used somewhere in the future, then the outer coating (mortar, wallpaper, etc.) must be cleaned off.
Gradually disassemble the partition.
Advice! If you do not have a puncher, then the seams between the blocks can be hollowed out with a chisel and a hammer.
Collect all construction debris in special bags.
After dismantling, carefully clean the joints of the destroyed partition with the main wall and ceiling from poorly adhering mortar fragments, this will protect you from destruction of the surface layer after subsequent plastering and wall finishing.
The need to dismantle the walls arises during the overhaul of the dwelling.
Is it possible to do such work on your own and what you need to know for the proper demolition of walls with your own hands? This will be discussed in our article.
The process of dismantling walls has its own characteristics, which largely depend on the material that was used in the construction of these structures. The most popular building material is brick, so first we will tell you how to properly demolish brick walls.
Do-it-yourself dismantling of brick walls is usually carried out in order to save money. Here it is very important to determine in advance whether the wall is a load-bearing wall or whether it is an interior partition.
In the second case, demolition is much easier, because you do not have to worry about the integrity of the remaining walls. The dismantling of a brick load-bearing wall must be done carefully, be sure to install supports before starting work.
Before starting the dismantling of brick walls, preparatory work is carried out.
- On top of the floor covering, several layers of soft fabric or a blanket must be laid. This will protect the finishing material from damage when the brick falls on the floor.
- Furniture items in the room must be protected from construction dust by covering them with a film.
- You need to prepare a set of tools: a chisel, a puncher, a hammer and a sledgehammer.
The process of demolishing a brick wall is carried out in the following sequence:
- First you need to carefully remove all electrical wiring that runs through the wall. The best option would be a complete shutdown of electricity in the house for the duration of the dismantling work;
- In the process of work, the wall is periodically moistened with water - this helps to reduce the amount of construction dust in the room;
- Next, you need to remove the skirting boards (ceiling and floor);
- Remove the finishing coating from the wall (wallpaper, plaster, tiles);
- The next stage is the actual disassembly of the brickwork. Bricks are knocked out of the wall using a chisel and a sledgehammer.
To do this, a chisel is placed at the junction between adjacent bricks, and then it is strongly hit with a sledgehammer. This allows you to break the integrity of the binder material and easily get the bricks out of the masonry.
It will be much easier to break a binder made on the basis of clay (it breaks down faster).
The need for redevelopment of rooms arises not only during the repair of the house, but also during the arrangement of the apartment. It is a little more difficult to dismantle partition walls in an apartment.
To do this, you will need a general plan of the house and permission to perform such work in the relevant organization.
You can demolish a wall in an apartment on your own only if you are well acquainted with the design features of an apartment building. It is still advisable to entrust the execution of the procedure to an experienced master.
The easiest way is to dismantle the walls in an apartment located in Khrushchev houses. The load-bearing walls in such a house are located at the edges, so you can’t go wrong.
The interior partitions in the apartments of these houses are made of brick laid using a certain technique (on the edge). You need to disassemble this wall, starting from the doors.
Do not be afraid to knock out bricks - this wall does not support any structures, so you will not break anything in the process of doing the work.
First, knock out the bricks located above the doorway and carefully disassemble the wall to the ceiling. Next, disassemble the wall on both sides of the doorway, moving from top to bottom.
It will be more difficult to dismantle the partition wall in an apartment located in a panel house. Such walls can serve as load-bearing walls, so you need to be extremely careful.
You will have to obtain permission for dismantling in a special organization and invite a specialist to determine whether the wall belongs to the carrier or acts as an interior partition.
Partition walls in prefabricated houses are made of wire reinforcement filled with gypsum. Disassembling a monolithic structure is much more difficult than a brick wall, and for this work you will need the following tools:
- Hammer;
- Bulgarian with a cutting disc;
- Perforator.
It is better to dismantle such a wall in parts so that large pieces of the slab do not cause you injury.
Concrete walls usually serve as load-bearing walls, so it is undesirable to dismantle them. It is not difficult to demolish concrete partition walls, for this work you will need the following set of tools:
- Perforator;
- Saw grinder with a diamond blade;
- Jackhammer.
Bearing walls made of concrete may only be partially dismantled. Before performing the procedure, the area to be dismantled must be well prepared.
- Temporary support beams must be installed between the surface of the floor and ceiling.
- Further, concrete slabs are cut with a grinder to the reinforcement.
- After that, the diamond disc is changed and the rebar is cut.
The process of demolition of a concrete wall with reinforcement is somewhat more complicated than the dismantling of brick walls. But with the right approach and following all the recommendations, you can do it yourself.
And also watch the video tutorial on how to dismantle the partition (wall) with your own hands:
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