What is the best way to build the walls of the house. Which is better to build a house for permanent residence: we choose what material is better to build a house from. Video: do-it-yourself mini-frame house

The future owner of his own cottage has to solve many problems and make responsible choices more than once. For example, it is very important to accurately determine what to build a house for permanent residence from. After all, the comfort and safety of a home directly depends on the reliability and quality of the main building material.

How to choose building materials for building walls at home

When choosing materials for the construction of a private cottage, it is recommended:

Gather information.
Carefully and in detail study the characteristics of not one or two, but several types of materials used in low-rise housing construction.
Check out the reviews.
Look on the forums for real messages from people who built houses from certain materials, live in them and can draw some conclusions.
Chat with experts.
Visit specialized exhibitions and facilities that are under construction. There you can get firsthand reliable information about the building materials of interest.
Find responsible contractors.
Pay special attention to the selection of the manufacturer of the selected material, as well as the search for a reliable and experienced construction service provider.

Fig.1. In addition to good building material, you will also need reliable and professional performers.

Basic materials for private housing construction

Consider the most common options.

Tree

Natural wood is actively used in the construction of houses for year-round use. Manufacturers offer several types of such building materials.

Regular solid timber

This is a material of natural moisture, edged on four sides. Its main advantage is low cost. The main disadvantages are shape defects and significant shrinkage, during which quite deep cracks can appear. Cottages for permanent residence are not built from this material.

Dry profiled timber

This material is subjected to better processing and pre-drying. Work surfaces have a system of joints consisting of spikes and grooves. Profiled timber provides better thermal protection than conventional timber, and also gives less shrinkage. But it also cracks, costs more, and requires special storage conditions.

Glued profiled timber

Fig.2. Glued laminated timber- one of the most elite materials in wooden housing construction.

A common question from customers: “Which timber is more suitable for building a cottage?” Everything depends on the goal. If you need to quickly build a high-quality, durable, warm and secure home, it is better to choose glued laminated timber. Arguments for this decision:

One of the main advantages is minimal shrinkage. Due to the stability of geometric parameters, it becomes possible to reduce construction time, since finishing work can be carried out immediately after the assembly of the house kit.
Another advantage of glued beams: the length of beams from it can reach 12 m. Therefore, there is no need to provide intermediate supports in large rooms.
Additional advantages - high strength of the walls, minimum costs on their finish, low thermal conductivity.

Houses made of glued beams form an elite category in wooden housing construction. They are warm and extremely comfortable. The appearance of such cottages is only admirable, although it is not required to invest a lot in decoration to create such an effect.

Hand-cut log

Key Benefits chopped log- low thermal conductivity, good breathability, durability. log walls also do not require expensive finishing, they fully preserve the unique natural aesthetics natural wood. A house made of hand-cut logs is beautiful, safe, reliable and comfortable to live in.

The main disadvantage of such a log is that it will not be possible to quickly build a house from it. The manual cutting process is laborious and time consuming. In addition, the log house must stand for at least a year until the shrinkage is completed and the geometric parameters stabilize.

We build quality solid houses from a hand-cut log, including a frame made of massive coniferous timber.

Fig.3. Long, expensive and completely handmade. It's all about houses made of hand-cut logs.

rounded log

Houses made of logs are also aesthetic and durable. To obtain this material, high-quality heartwood is used and precise machining is used. Therefore, they do not need to be finished inside and out.

The disadvantages of the material are cracking, flammability, the likelihood of bending and twisting. Among the shortcomings, one can also name the fact that a rounded log blackens more intensively in the sun when it dries than a hand-made log house. In addition, it absorbs moisture to a greater extent.

Brick

It is durable, strong, frost-resistant material. At one time, it was considered the best choice for construction, but after the advent of new building technologies, the situation has changed. Today, brick houses are built infrequently. There are several reasons. This high density and, accordingly, a large mass of bricks, because of which it is necessary to build an expensive foundation. The disadvantages also include high cost, low masonry speed, high thermal conductivity, susceptibility to damage during careless delivery.

Building blocks

Cellular concrete blocks texture similar to porous chocolate. They are lighter than bricks, environmentally friendly, inexpensive. More durable option aerated concrete is considered in this category, so it is used to build the base of the house and load-bearing walls.

The advantages of a block house are their relatively low cost, as well as a higher speed of building walls than a brick. The advantages include the fact that under the walls of concrete blocks it is not necessary to build a complex foundation, which means that construction costs are reduced. The disadvantages are: the need for high costs for exterior and interior decoration, poor fixation of standard fasteners in the walls, high hygroscopicity (for aerated concrete).

Frame technology

A distinctive feature of a frame house is that the load-bearing and enclosing functions of its structure are delimited. The frame is a rigid frame made of wood or metal. But the walls themselves are relatively light, and this makes it possible to reduce the load on the foundation. In Russia, when building frame houses, they use more tree than in Europe, so these cottages are more environmentally friendly and comfortable for living.

Fig.4. From the outside, frame houses are sometimes difficult to distinguish from brick or stone houses due to the corresponding facade panels.

Canadian technology involves the use of SIP panels, which have their pros and cons. The first include good thermal protection, energy efficiency, low cost. To the second - the fragility of the structure, the non-environmental friendliness of some heaters.

Comparison of building materials used in residential low-rise housing construction

Comparison of the main characteristics of five popular building materials:

Characteristics	Tree	Brick	Blocks	Frame walls
Strength	The most durable wood material- glued timber	This reliable material that can withstand high loads	Cellular concrete is not strong enough for multi-storey construction	Less durable than other building materials, not resistant to hurricanes
Density (kg-m3)	500	1200-1800	600-1000	-
Environmental friendliness	Log and timber - completely natural, breathable materials	Brick can have a high background radiation	Most eco-friendly material this group - aerated concrete. He is second only to the tree in this indicator.	In the walls of many frame buildings there are synthetic materials. Air and moisture exchange through such surfaces is difficult
Thermal conductivity	Low. With an appropriate thickness, a house made of logs or timber perfectly retains heat	High. Brick walls require quality insulation otherwise you will have to spend a lot of money on heating	Houses made of foam concrete and gas silicate blocks warm up 30% faster than brick ones	Frame houses for year-round use warm up quickly and keep heat well
Price	The most expensive wood material is glued beams. Round logs are much cheaper	brick is not cheap material. It also requires a lot of money to finish the walls from it.	Block materials are relatively inexpensive	Frame walls cost less than block, brick, wooden

Curious fact! Professionals working in the field of low-rise housing construction have noticed an interesting pattern. People who choose wooden building materials are distinguished by a calm and balanced character. They are democratic, think ahead and, as a rule, are successful in their profession. For such people, the word "ecology" is not a hackneyed cliché, but a credo and lifestyle.

If you also prefer eco-friendly prefabricated wooden houses, order their construction from Garden House!

Owners suburban areas there was a great opportunity to build inexpensive houses with very good operational characteristics. There are several ways to build an economical and reliable building today. In this article, we will talk about what is cheaper to build houses from.

What factors affect the cost

Save on construction country house Can:

Properly drafted. compact house with a well-thought-out layout, it will cost less than a large “chaotic” building and will be no less comfortable at the same time.
Choosing the right material for walls, roofs, ceilings and finishes.

It is the latter factor in terms of project cost that often plays a decisive role.

Materials for how to choose

When deciding what exactly the walls of the house, its ceilings and roof will be built from, you need to pay attention to the following factors:

Climatic conditions. In cold regions, it is better to use, albeit not so durable, but always warm materials. The owners of sites located in the southern regions of the country have a much wider choice. In this case, you can use absolutely any modern inexpensive materials.
Specific properties of materials. Of course, buildings made of SIP panels or foam concrete are much cheaper than brick or log houses.
features of the local market. For example, wood may be cheaper in wooded regions, while concrete may be cheaper in steppe regions.

The most economical building materials

So, now let's see what is cheaper to build houses from. A very economical and convenient building in our time can be built using:

Timber and modern insulation. This is the most inexpensive type of buildings at the moment. However, despite the low cost, panel houses have very good performance characteristics. Inexpensive materials are also used as cladding in this case. Most often it is plywood and siding.
SIP panels. Such a building will cost more than a shield building, but it is also built faster.
Foam blocks. Buildings erected from them are also very inexpensive and at the same time are considered somewhat more reliable than panel buildings.

All these modern materials for building a house are suitable very well and at the same time they are able to serve for a long time. Next, let's talk about the advantages and disadvantages of each of them. Perhaps this will help someone make the most successful choice.

Advantages of frame buildings

Wooden houses of this type, in addition to being cheap, also have such advantages as:

Ease of construction. Build a frame panel house you can do it yourself, without the involvement of specialists. When erecting such a building, there is no need to use any expensive equipment. The foundation for a panel house can be poured with the most inexpensive - columnar (of course, only on reliable ground).
Excellent heat-preserving qualities. Such houses are isolated from the cold using modern inexpensive materials. Usually it is mineral wool or polystyrene foam. Even not too expensive unprofiled timber in this case is used in minimal quantities - only for the construction of the frame.
Aesthetic Subject to the use of high-quality internal and outer skin By choosing this technology, you can actually get a very beautiful and at the same time comfortable building.
No shrinkage. Unlike expensive block and log buildings, you can move into a house built using this technology immediately after its construction.

Disadvantages of panel buildings

timber and modern insulation- just a great answer to the question of what is cheaper to build houses from. But of course, like any other technique, this building construction technology has its drawbacks. The disadvantages of frame-panel houses include, first of all, a not too high degree of environmental safety. The fact is that mineral wool and expanded polystyrene are materials that, in certain situations, can emit. When building a house, this must be taken into account and done inner lining as tight as possible. Mineral wool emits and expanded polystyrene - poisonous styrene.

The disadvantages of panel structures can also be attributed to a not too high degree of fire resistance. Wiring in such a house is best left to a specialist. Even though it will incur additional costs. You will have to spend money on processing wooden frame antiseptic and fire-resistant formulations, as well as insect repellents. As you know, only if these funds are used, wooden houses are quite durable.

Hosts of distant summer cottages often refuse to erect such buildings due to not too high mechanical strength walls. To break into such a house in the absence of protection, thieves may not even need to pick the lock.

Advantages of buildings from SIP panels

This type of building is structurally very similar to the previous one. In fact, this is just a kind of panel house. The only difference is that the building elements of this type are assembled from panels supplied already in ready-made. Of course, when using such material, the building is more reliable and durable. Houses made of SIP panels are not too expensive. However, their cost, as already mentioned, is slightly higher than that of conventional shield ones.

SIP panels consist of two OSB boards between which expanded polystyrene is fixed. Despite the apparent fragility, due to the integrity of the structure, they are able to withstand huge loads and, in fact, are just perfect for buildings. You can also build a building from this material yourself. It is not required to fill under SIP-walls and too powerful foundation. The advantages of this material include very low degree thermal conductivity.

As in the case of a frame-panel house, the construction of such a building does not require the use of expensive equipment. The panels are processed in an elementary way - with the help of a conventional hacksaw. Therefore, houses from SIP panels can have any layout and architecture.

Cons of SIP buildings

The disadvantages of such houses are about the same as those of conventional frame-panel houses. That is, they do not differ in fire safety and environmental cleanliness. In addition to expanded polystyrene, in this case, OSB panels are also used, the safety of which is highly doubtful. Some of the disadvantages of SIP panels include the fact that you can build houses from them only of a limited height (maximum 2 floors). Engineering Communication in buildings of this type, it is quite difficult and expensive to carry out. This can also be attributed to the disadvantages of such buildings.

Advantages of houses from foam blocks

This material is slightly more expensive than SIP panels. However, the cost of the foam block is still low, and the difference in price in this case is not critical. In addition, in comparison with SIP-buildings and panel buildings, houses made of this material have a lot of advantages. These include:

The ability of the walls to "breathe". In this regard, buildings made of foam blocks are comparable to, for example, comfortable structures such as log houses. The microclimate in buildings erected from this material is created almost the same.
Fire resistance of walls. Concrete, as everyone knows, does not burn.
Durability. By definition, such a building can serve much longer than a wooden building. Concrete does not rot and is not damaged by insects.

Disadvantages of foam concrete houses

The disadvantages of such buildings include, first of all, the need for thorough waterproofing of the foundation and the use of materials that prevent the penetration of moisture into the walls. Inexpensive foam block houses should be protected as carefully as possible. The fact is that this porous material absorbs moisture very well. At the same time, its heat-preserving qualities are lost. Moreover, wet blocks of this type easily crumble, which can even lead to cracks in the walls.

Despite the fact that foam concrete is light, the foundation for it should be used sufficiently powerful and reliable. It's all about the fragility of this material. Foam concrete can give cracks even with small movements.

The disadvantages of this material, in comparison with SIP panels, include some difficulty in building houses when using them. To build fasten foam blocks you need special glue. In this case, the seams, unlike concrete ones, are very thin and do not let the cold through. However, masonry by this method involves the use of blocks of ideal geometry. But despite the existing standards, the domestic market often sells material with different kind defects.

From the foregoing, a simple conclusion can be drawn. You should buy foam blocks only from large manufacturers who value their reputation and supply the market with sufficiently strong material with ideal geometry.

Cost of materials

For the construction of the walls of the building, structural and heat-insulating foam blocks are usually used. The price for them depends on the size, manufacturer and supplier. For the D500-D600 block, for example, you can pay from 47 to 185 rubles. The cost of a foam block of the most convenient dimensions for laying 20x30x60 mm is usually 135-150 rubles.

Price for SIP panels different sizes can be seen in the table below.

Dimensions (mm)	OSB thickness (mm)	Cost, rub.)

Thus, the price of a SIP house (or rather, only its walls) 5x5 m in size with a ceiling height of 250 cm and a wall thickness of 12 mm will be 47,200 rubles, not counting the cost of consumables. Of course, it's not too expensive. Foam blocks of the same size will cost about 55,000-60,000 rubles, which is also quite cheap.

What to make ceilings and roofs from

The use of SIP panels and foam blocks significantly reduces the cost of building houses. From different materials modern type, such as metal tiles, ondulin or profiled sheets, can be assembled for a country building and a very inexpensive roof. Floor and ceiling in budget house usually sheathed with a simple edged board.

As for the frame of the floors and the roof, then the choice, of course, is not too big. Logs, beams and truss system are usually made of timber. And the material used is quite thick. After all similar designs are load-bearing and must withstand heavy loads. Therefore, saving on them, of course, is not worth it. However, the price of an ordinary non-profiled timber is not too high.

Thus, using the materials described above for building a house, you can save a lot of money and at the same time get reliable and environmentally friendly structures.

How to choose a cutting board

When choosing this material, you should pay attention to two factors:

The presence of knots. They should be as few as possible. Especially the dark ones. Such knots will surely fall out over time, and ugly holes will form in the floor or ceiling.
Material geometry. All selected boards must have the same thickness and be even in all planes.

Advantages and disadvantages of metal tiles

In addition to the low price, the advantages of this material, which is used to assemble an inexpensive roof most often, include:

light weight,
strength and durability,
aesthetic appearance,
ease of installation.

The disadvantages of metal tiles are:

noise during rain
the ability to rust and click in the sun with improper installation.

As you can see, the answer to the question of what is cheaper to build houses from is not too complicated. Choosing inexpensive materials for the construction of walls, floors and roofs of a building is very simple these days. Of course, when drawing up a project, everything should be carefully calculated and thought out. In this case, the house will be economical, reliable and comfortable.

It is believed that in his life a man must plant a tree, raise a son and build a house. Most likely, it is over the third point that you will have to tinker. In this article, we will try to make a rating based on the quality and cost of construction, and make a calculation: what is the best material for building a house, how much can the required amount of materials for construction cost?

Types of residential buildings, their pros and cons

So, in order for what we are building to be that very cozy nest, it is necessary to take care of such qualities as durability, moisture resistance, thermal conductivity, and sound insulation. It is also important to remember about eco-materials and the energy efficiency of your home.
There are two main ways to build a residential building:

Traditional - implying brickwork;
Frame - a designer of cottages, divided into blocks. Both technologies are good, so here you should figure out what material is best to build a house for permanent residence. Consider the most popular consumables for the construction of a country or country house.

Brick

Such houses are far from being an innovation, rather a real classic, durable and safe. good brick resistant to fire or decay, which means that you can be sure that even a large apartment house really durable. But at the same time, energy-saving qualities leave much to be desired. Alternatively, ceramic blocks can be used. They have the strength of a brick, but at the same time they transmit less heat. However, a high-quality ceramic block will cost more than a brick, plus it is more difficult to find a bricklayer working with this raw material.

Pros of brick:

High strength;
Aesthetic leaving: good appearance and the possibility of creating many architectural variations;
Resistant to high and low temperatures;
fire safety;
Environmental friendliness.

Cons of brick:

Limited opportunities for work in winter;
Foundation costs;
It implies the presence of interior decoration of buildings;
High thermal inertia requires high costs for heating;

Advantages of a ceramic block:

Good energy saving performance;
sound absorption;
Has a low degree of thermal conductivity;
fire safety;
Resistance to damage from insects, fungus, mold;
Environmental friendliness.

Cons of a ceramic block:

The relative high cost of the material.
Highly qualified specialists are needed to work with the material;

Foam blocks and aerated concrete

These types of blocks are similar, but there are differences. Aerated concrete is characterized by strong hygroscopicity, so it is necessary to ensure that it does not get wet during construction, since it is problematic to dry it, unlike the foam block. But both of them keep warm and will succumb even to non-professionals who build a house with their own hands. External finishing is reduced to putty with plaster, which has a pleasant effect on the cost of construction. It should be noted that due to their porosity, these blocks are less durable, and cracks are inevitable during bending.

Advantages of aerated concrete:

Due to its low weight, it does not create problems in transportation and does not present high demands to the foundation
The highest thermal insulation performance;
sound absorption;
It can be used for any kind of construction and finishing works, being exposed to a wide range of mechanical influences;
Resistance to low temperatures (but lower than that of a brick);
Resistance to damage from insects, fungus, mold;
Environmental friendliness;
Relatively low material cost.

Cons of aerated concrete:

Brittle structure and rather low strength;
High degree of thermal conductivity;
Requires protection from groundwater and moisture penetration.

The advantages of the foam block:

Due to its low weight, it does not create problems in transportation and does not impose high requirements on the foundation;
fire safety;
sound absorption;
Relatively low cost.

Cons of the foam block:

Fragile structure, implying special care during transportation;
Relatively low strength. Often, additional reinforcement of the structures under construction is required;
The presence of chemical elements in the composition (there are no guarantees in the absence of a negative impact on health);

This inexpensive, and therefore profitable building material can be used during the construction of housing, but today the sale of cinder block has been greatly reduced. The thermal conductivity of such walls is high, so insulation cannot be avoided. And together with a large weight, this makes the cinder block less popular than, for example, expanded clay concrete. The latter, at a low cost, has such pleasant characteristics as strength, low thermal conductivity, and environmental friendliness.

Advantages of cinder block:

Long service life of the finished building;
fire safety;
sound absorption;
Does not require high qualifications to work with the material;
Resistance to damage from insects, fungus, mold.

Cons of cinder block:

Fragile structure, implying special care during transportation;
Requires protection from groundwater and moisture penetration;
The hollow type of cinder block will exhibit a low level of sound absorption;
It implies the presence of external and internal decoration of buildings.

Advantages of expanded clay concrete:

Due to the high level of vapor permeability, it naturally regulates the humidity in the room;
Does not require high qualifications to work with the material;
Relatively low time and labor costs for the construction process;
sound absorption;
High degree of thermal conductivity;
fire safety;
Relatively low cost;
Resistance to damage from insects, fungus, mold;
Environmental friendliness.

Cons of expanded clay concrete:

Requires additional thermal insulation;
Weak resistance to low temperatures;
Requires protection from groundwater and moisture penetration;
Prone to the formation of cracks and irregularities during machining;
It implies the presence of external and internal decoration of buildings.

Shell rock blocks

The fact that shell rock blocks are very safe materials means that the required volume will significantly affect the cost of construction, and the blocks themselves are very fragile. However, from the calculation of soundproofing properties and thermal conductivity, it still has a place to be. Some builders use shell rock as an additional layer to help retain heat between brick wall and lukewarm.

Shell rock advantages:

High strength;
Long service life of the finished building;
The ability to protect the air from harmful substances;
High thermal insulation performance;
sound absorption;
Due to the high level of vapor permeability, it naturally regulates the humidity in the room;
Low thermal inertia reduces heating costs;
Relatively low cost;
Environmental friendliness.

Cons of a shell rock:

The need for additional strengthening during the construction of buildings from 2 floors and above;
Different sizes of individual blocks (requires additional time and labor, as well as an increased amount of mortar);
Possible high cost of delivery;
Requires protection from groundwater and moisture penetration.

Stone house (buta)

When choosing these energy-efficient consumables, be prepared for high fuel consumption during the first “warm-up” in a long period. In the rest of the calculation, the stone house is strong, warm, solid.

Pluses of rubble stone:

High strength;
Long service life of the finished building;
Does not require protection from groundwater and moisture penetration;
fire safety;
Resistance to low temperatures;
Environmental friendliness.

Minuses of rubble stone:

The relative high cost of the material;
Financial, time- and labor-intensive construction process;
Difficulties in transportation due to the large weight;
Difficulties in masonry;
Foundation costs.

Houses made of logs

Despite the advantages of building a country house from a bar (low thermal conductivity and cost), it must be remembered that the tree is prone to shrinkage, which means that even cottage from glued beams may vary slightly from weather conditions. In addition, for building a house from a bar or a tree, there is a risk in case of fire or a malfunction of the electrical wiring, which is eliminated by impregnations (which will increase safety by reducing the environmental friendliness of wood), in order to ensure heat preservation, the thickness of the wood should be at least 40 cm with a standard of only 25- 30 cm

Beam pros:

Does not require external and internal decoration of buildings;
Environmental friendliness.

Bar cons:

For fire safety purposes, it is necessary to undergo special treatment, which reduces environmental friendliness;
Difficulties with drying

Composite panels - best option, which is suitable for those who care about how long it will take to build a residential building. However, for such new, but not entirely ecological panels, you will need to pay well, and think about sound insulation. The fire resistance of such a house is close to that of a wooden one. Therefore, you will have to choose high-quality composite panels so that such savings do not play a cruel joke on you.

Advantages of SIP panels:

High strength;
Low degree of thermal conductivity;
The highest rates of energy saving;
Minimum costs of finance, time and labor for construction;
Due to its low weight, it does not create problems in transportation and does not impose high requirements on the foundation;

Cons of SIP panels:

fire hazard;
Low sound absorption$
Tendency to damage from insects, fungus, mold;
Ambiguity in environmental issues.

Frame type house

Complete our list of panel houses for permanent residence - innovative and comfortable view construction, requiring very little time, at a convenient cost, even if the wall thickness of the frame house is impressive. Frame houses for permanent residence are less durable than brick ones, however, with quality work done, they will last almost as long as “heavy” ones.

Advantages of frame houses:

Minimum costs of finance, time and labor for construction;
Low degree of thermal conductivity;
Due to its low weight, it does not create problems in transportation and does not impose high requirements on the foundation;
Simplicity in the implementation of interior decoration;
Environmental friendliness.

Cons of frame houses:

fire hazard;
Low level of sound absorption;
Prone to damage from insects, fungus, mold.

Which house will be warmer?

Calculations and comparisons have shown that houses made of various "heavy" materials used, such as stone, take longer to warm up, but at the same time they have a lower heat transfer. This means that such houses are more suitable for permanent residence. And “light” small houses, like frame or wood, warm up faster and give off heat, so they are better suited as a dacha option.

"Heavy" materials:

High thermal inertia requires more time to heat the building (but it also cools down longer);
There is no need for additional insulation;
Hot in summer;
More suitable for permanent residence.

"Light" materials:

Low thermal inertia (heats up quickly, cools down quickly);
Requires a heater
Do not heat up in summer;
More suitable for seasonal residence(dachas, cottages).

What materials are environmentally friendly?

The choice of material for building a house is a very responsible task. With proper operation and well-functioning ventilation, any home is not afraid. However, if environmental friendliness is the most necessary or significant factor for you, you must refuse or significantly limit:

polymers;
Reinforced concrete;
polyurethane foam;
Some other harmful types of building materials.

And give preference to eco-materials that nature has given us.

What is the cheapest way to build a house?

An important factor in construction is how much money will be needed for it. It is difficult to say what is the cheapest material for building a house.

Buildings made of any “light” materials, for example, wooden ones, are cheaper, but if you want a log cabin to stand for a long time, you should not even save on “light” raw materials.

Turns out dear modular house for permanent residence it is more profitable to build than a “heavy” brick one. Therefore, the total calculation of how much you will spend depends not only on natural materials, but also on what kind of layout of the house, on the construction of the foundation of the house, available for building a place, your desires, budget possibilities.

Comparison table 1

	Brick	aerated concrete	Foam block	cinder block	Expanded clay concrete

Who today does not dream big country house? But before you decide to make your dream come true and start building a home ownership, you should think carefully about the purposes for which the future construction is planned. If you need a dacha for a seasonal stay, this is one thing, but building a house for permanent residence is a completely different construction format. And the most exciting question: from what to build a house inexpensively and efficiently. Let's try to understand our article.

Source domastroika.com

The first thing you need to decide when deciding to build own house for permanent residence is a building material, the choice of which depends on a huge number of related factors:

strength and durability;
microclimate inside residential premises;
thermal conductivity and sound insulation;
frost resistance;
thermal insulation and moisture resistance.

What are the materials for suburban construction offers modern market, and from what it is better to build a house for permanent residence?

Of course, choose the material for individual construction necessary, taking into account all the above parameters, but The main criterion is considered to be strength, since it is she who forms the structure of the building and affects the load-bearing function of the walls.

When choosing what to build a house for permanent residence from, all materials can be divided into four main groups:

brick and stone;
lungs concrete materials;
tree;
chipboard panels.

Construction of a house for permanent residence from bricks

Brick buildings are the most massive structures. They are highly resistant to all kinds of natural factors and, at the same time, have an attractive appearance. However, in order to raise own house, from the most at first glance popular material - brick, you will have to incur no small financial costs.

Source sk-mera.ru

The main advantages of a brick house are the high strength of the material. And in terms of its bearing capacity, a wall erected from this type of building materials is almost as good as concrete. Such characteristics are ideal for both low-rise suburban construction and for the construction of multi-storey buildings. In addition, a brick house will not burn, rot or shrink.

Only, in terms of maintaining energy efficiency, walls made of ceramic or silicate bricks lag far behind other building materials. In order to ensure sufficient energy efficiency for a private house, Brick wall must have minimum thickness 120 cm. It becomes clear that no one will build a "bunker" with similar walls for permanent year-round living, so today more and more often brick is used as a facing material.

Another important disadvantage of building a brick house is the high cost of the material, so it is important to correctly calculate your financial opportunities otherwise, the construction may be delayed for a very long time.

Summarizing all of the above, we can say that the main The advantages of brick as a building material are:

the possibility of long-term operation of the built house;
high frost resistance;
exact geometry of products;
good combination with any kind of masonry mortars;
high strength;
aesthetic appearance.

However, brick has many disadvantages:

Low moisture resistance some types of material. For example, silicate brick strongly absorbs water, this can be clearly seen when during the rain it acquires a dark shade. This quality greatly affects the humidity inside the room. In this regard, silicate brick is not used for laying basements and basements, you should not use silicate brick when building a house in regions with high humidity.
High thermal conductivity. To achieve positive characteristics, it is necessary to resort to additional costs for thermal insulation of walls or their thickening.
High product weight. The brick has a large mass, which makes the structure heavier and creates an even greater load on the foundation. To solve such a problem, it is necessary to build a stronger and more solid foundation, and this further increases construction costs.
High material cost.

So, it turns out that brick has significant drawbacks, so before making it the main material in the construction of a private house, you should think carefully.

brick houses

Source comfortoria.ru

Building a house from concrete blocks

Today, among building materials, brick significantly reduces its position, giving way to modern building blocks.

Affordable price is the main reason for choosing blocks. At the same time, building a house for permanent residence from blocks is not only cheaper, but also much faster, since such a large-sized material can replace from 4 to 14 ordinary bricks in quantity.

Today, the building materials market offers block types:

gas blocks;
foam blocks;
cinder blocks;
expanded clay concrete blocks;
wood concrete;
shell rock blocks.

Let's take a closer look at each type.

Gas and foam blocks

Gas and foam blocks have the same technical characteristics and are great for construction low-rise buildings. Their only difference is in the internal structure of the material.

gas blocks are made from a homogeneous mixture of sand, cement and lime with the addition of a special powder - a blowing agent, in order to achieve small through channels inside the block.

Source dizajio.com.ua

foam blocks, on the contrary, they have closed pores inside the material. Such a structure is achieved during production by adding special substances - foaming agents to the concrete solution. It is worth noting that such production allows you to increase the quality of foam blocks, creating additional energy-saving opportunities for the material and significantly reducing its weight. Also, unlike a gas block, the open channels of which conduct moisture well, foam blocks do not need additional protection from moisture.

They produce blocks of various formats and thicknesses, which allows the developer to choose the best material for individual construction without extra costs for additional insulation. Good geometric data make it possible to build houses with a complex structure.

Also, foam blocks and gas blocks do not need complex finishing, this can be done using putty or decorative plaster.

In addition to all these advantages, a weighty argument in choosing this particular material for construction will be its low cost. average price in the construction market 1 m 3 is about 3 thousand rubles.

Among the disadvantages of foam and gas blocks can be identified the following characteristics of these materials:

fragility;
high water permeability (for gas blocks);
mandatory external and interior decoration Houses;
the presence of chemical elements in the composition.

houses from gas blocks and foam blocks from construction companies represented at the exhibition of houses Low-Rise Country.

Cinder blocks and expanded clay concrete blocks

Cinder blocks are also inexpensive building materials, however, due to the too high thermal conductivity of the erected walls, they require additional insulation. In addition, the cinder block has a lot of weight. It is these shortcomings that can explain the fact that consumers prefer expanded clay concrete blocks.

Source action-stroy.ru

As positive characteristics of cinder block builders provide:

fire resistance;
low cost;
high thermal insulation;
resistance to fungus and mold damage;
long service life of the built house.

The main disadvantages of cinder block are:

brittleness of the material;
low moisture resistance;
low sound insulation;
the need for interior and exterior decoration of the house.

Expanded clay block products, at the same cost, are less thermally conductive, more durable and environmentally friendly material.

Expanded clay blocks are a material consisting of expanded clay gravel (the result of special firing of clay) and cement mortar. Such raw materials have high strength indicators and are designed for the construction of individual houses up to 3 floors. At the same time, the construction process does not take much time. In addition, expanded clay concrete is quite warm and environmentally friendly. building material as it does not contain synthetic additives.

Good vapor permeability creates an optimal balance of humidity in the living room.

Prices for expanded clay blocks quite acceptable, 1m 3 will cost about 3 thousand rubles.

And also, on our website you can get acquainted with the most popular projects houses from expanded clay blocks from construction companies represented at the exhibition of houses Low-Rise Country.

Arbolit

The constituent components of wood concrete blocks are wood chips and cement mortar with special additives. This composition allows you to get a warm and light block.

Source woodh.ru

In terms of its density, arbolite allows the construction of buildings with a small number of storeys, while its elasticity, it is able to withstand, among other things, floor slabs.

Such material breathes well, is very environmentally friendly, has excellent heat and sound insulation.

The disadvantages of arbolite include:

High rate of moisture absorption. A house made of arbolite blocks requires additional protection from moisture, which means that you have to spend money on insulating and specialized moisture-repellent finishing materials.
uneven surface block leads to some difficulties in the construction of walls, and also, is the reason big expense concrete mortar.

Also, a significant disadvantage of wood concrete is often considered a large amount of low-quality material in the construction market. In view of the fact that the production of blocks does not require specialized equipment, they are often produced by artisanal methods, using non-certified chemical additives and violations of production technology. All this causes a deterioration in the quality of finished raw materials, so you need to buy wood concrete only from trusted sellers and manufacturers.

Prices for the purchase of wood concrete start from 4 thousand rubles per 1m 3.

You can also see the most popular projects on our website. houses from wood concrete from construction companies represented at the exhibition of houses Low-Rise Country.

Shell rock blocks

This type of material is the most expensive among the blocks and will cost at least 5 thousand rubles per 1 m 3. At the same time, the technique of obtaining raw materials from the marine sedimentary massif additionally makes the shell rock fragile.

Advantages of shell rock blocks:

sound absorption;
good thermal insulation;
durability;
good vapor permeability;
environmental friendliness.

In addition, the shell rock has a number of exceptional properties determined by its nature. So, the material during its formation undergoes impregnation sea salt and absorbs large amounts of iodine. The presence of these substances in the composition of raw materials endow the house from it with healing properties. Also, it is thanks to iodine that shell rock walls protect very well from radiation.

The cons of the shell rock can be considered:

The need for strengthening in the case of building a house of more than two floors with the help of special armored belts.
The absence of unified forms of blocks (it is practically impossible to find two blocks of shell rock that are identical in shape).
The need for additional protection of the structure from moisture.
The material, due to its fragility, requires care during transportation, as well as unloading or unloading.

Source recon-stroi.ru

Construction of wooden houses for permanent residence

As for wood, there are two options for building materials:

log;
timber;

A house for permanent residence made of wood has a minimal load on the foundation, which allows you to save money already at the very first stage of construction.

An important point when choosing a building material is also considered what to build wooden houses possible regardless of the time of year and in any weather.

Timber house

A modern timber will allow you to build a neat individual house in any style. He has good geometric parameters, rectangular or square section and smooth, very even sides. Houses made of timber give minimal shrinkage, the manufacture of a log house does not require the use of special construction equipment, and the aesthetic data of the material make it possible to do without external and internal decoration, and thus save on finishing work.

Source strojka-doma.ru

The beam has a large number of advantages:

environmental friendliness;
aesthetics;
the efficiency of the construction of the building;
high level sound insulation and good thermal conductivity;
strength and reliability of the structure;
the possibility of installation at any time of the year;
does not require the construction of a bulky, expensive foundation;
does not require decorative finishing;
positive, healing properties from wood.

However, the beam also has disadvantages:

The need for additional material processing. main, common disadvantage wood products is its susceptibility to moisture and insects. In addition, over time, it has the properties of cracking and rotting, thereby losing its original aesthetic appearance, so the tree must be constantly treated with special substances.
High fire hazard of the material. Any wood is highly flammable, and because of this, it requires additional protection by treatment with fire-retardant compounds.
Requires additional expenses for thermal and waterproofing.
Long term shrinkage. Despite a slight shrinkage, sag a private house will be within six months. In this case, cracks may occur in the walls during shrinkage.

On our website you can see the most popular projects houses from double timber, glued laminated timber and profiled timber from construction companies represented at the exhibition of houses Low-Rise Country.

log house

classic wooden houses are log buildings. In addition to the traditional Russian hut, modern building technologies allow you to build a log house of any configuration, from a small Finnish house to a cozy Art Nouveau cottage.

Source kirpich174.ru

Modern building logs are 100% natural and environmentally friendly, which provides excellent natural ventilation of the room.

As in the case of timber, no cost for a massive foundation is required.

Durability, reliability and beautiful appearance are also the main characteristics of a log house.

The advantage is the rapid warming up of a house made of wood, because this significantly saves heating costs.

The availability and lightness of the material make it possible to build a comfortable wooden house as soon as possible.

To the minuses of the log, like any wooden material, include:

susceptibility to decay;
strong and prolonged shrinkage;
fire hazard of the material;
additional costs for insulation and waterproofing of the structure.

Today construction market offers two types of logs chopped or rounded.

rounded log- a product of the industrial processing of lumber. It has more low price, do not require additional finishing and look quite attractive.

Chopped logs cost more due to manual processing but are more durable.

Beautiful log house Source tr.decorexpro.com

When deciding which specific construction technology to choose, you should pay attention to two aspects:

When building a house from timber and logs of industrial processing, there is absolutely no need to cut recesses (bowls) for greater stability of the structure.
If you choose to build a house from hand-cut logs, then you have to pay for the very expensive work of a professional cutter (a specialist who cuts bowls - special recesses for connecting logs into a log house).

Building a house from a log can hardly be called quite affordable. So, cost of 1 m3 rounded log ranges from 7 to 10 thousand rubles, and chopped is much higher.

Also, on our website you can get acquainted with the most popular projects houses from hand-cut logs and rounded logs from construction companies represented at the exhibition of houses Low-Rise Country.

Construction of a frame house for permanent residence

You can build a house for permanent residence absolutely from any material, while it is very important to take into account a number of climate and soil features on the site. A large number of owners strive to create not only optimal comfortable conditions, but also to achieve maximum energy savings. There are many options for practical construction, so everyone can choose the most optimal view. In our article, we will discuss what to build a house from so that it will serve you for several centuries.

The initial stage of construction work

Preliminary construction work is a very important and responsible stage. The first thing to do is to determine the main tasks of the construction, and, based on these facts, draw up a building plan. It is for this reason that the project of the object, which must contain the main calculated data, is necessarily included in the initial processes. It is worth noting that information about the number of rooms, their sizes, from which to build the foundation and walls, and other parameters should be taken into account here.

Basic building calculations

The next step is to do necessary calculations to determine the amount required material. It is very important to initially decide what to build a house from and how to finish the walls. It is best, according to experts, to use aerated concrete blocks for construction, since lower material costs and good level keeping warm. In this situation, construction cubic meter big house cost less than smaller buildings.

Attention! By choosing a frame type of construction, you can save even more. It is worth noting that 15% must be added to the amount received for unforeseen situations.

A number of factors can affect the increase in the cost of installation work:

If the design of the house has complicated elements;
Facade decoration;
The desire to increase the level of the ceiling of the building;
The presence of a balcony or loggia;
Roof original.

It is worth noting that some actions will help you and reduce the cost of construction work, namely, you can complete this task in this way:

You can choose classic square shape the buildings;
Smooth facade surface;
Increase the total number of windows;
It is necessary to minimize the presence internal partitions, and the second level of the house can be replaced with an attic.

To simplify the calculation actions, you can follow the following relative information:

The pouring of the base of the house usually takes 15% of the total estimate;
Roof installation and wall laying require 35% finance;
For the construction of windows and doorways- 15 %. This also includes thermal insulation.
For the purchase of pipes, plumbing fixtures, communication elements - 15%.
Interior wall decoration - approximately 20%.

This is how the cost of construction work is roughly distributed. It is worth noting that this estimate takes into account an additional 15%, which we talked about earlier.

Building type selection

Build a building High Quality is a serious process that requires a lot of patience and effort. The duration of installation will depend on the equipment that performs construction work. So, for example, the fastest way to build a building from a frame.

Attention! The longer the construction takes, the more additional investments are needed, so you need to try to complete the work on time.

How to correctly calculate the size of the building in order to optimally distribute the residence of all family members. In this case, financial possibilities and the number of people should be taken into account. To accomplish this task, the following building codes will help you:

A comfortable building usually consists of two zones: a day area and a night area. The first part includes the kitchen, living room, hallway and bathroom. The second part should include rooms for rest and sleep.
The daily destination area should be spacious, that is, approximately occupy 60 squares with 6 residents.
To accommodate 6 people in the sleeping area, on average, you need to allocate 70 squares, since each person must have his own room for relaxation.
Comfortable living conditions include one bathroom for two bedrooms and one toilet for three rooms.
If you are planning a terrace in the design, then 15 squares should be left for its arrangement, and about 20 square meters for the hallway, corridors and storage room.

Floors of individual construction

Construction of a compact square building allows you to achieve maximum savings. Plus, interior decoration in this situation is much easier. If you choose sizes up to 100 square meters, then it is quite possible to do without a second floor.

If it is necessary to plant a garden, or arrange a vegetable garden, you can make a house on several floors, which will reduce the area construction works. If you have small plot, but the number of residents or guests is large, it is rational to build three levels.

Attention! Today, it is very common to build ground floor. Here you can make a workshop or a billiard room. But, the built level should be based on the recommendations of professionals.

Basic materials for building houses

As we said earlier, the choice of material plays an important role in the quality of the building. In this section, we will determine which house is better and more practical. Each type has its own advantages and disadvantages, so they can both save our budget and add additional costs. In order to facilitate the choice, we need to consider the most popular tools for the construction of buildings. Next, we will do just that.

house made of bricks

The most important advantages of bricks should be considered high strength and environmental safety of the material. In addition, it should be noted good bearing capacity walls, which is only slightly inferior to concrete. In order to achieve the maximum level of energy saving, it is necessary to make the thickness of the masonry more than 120 cm. It is not necessary to build a massive bunker, as this is a big expense. It was this fact that influenced the increase in demand for brickwork specifically for wall decoration.

For many years, brick manufacturers have been trying to improve the quality of the material, for example, creating gaps and points that help save more heat. It is worth noting that such a solution does not completely eliminate problems, plus, such masonry is laborious. It is better to build a building from expanded clay blocks, which are 4 to 14 bricks in size. Thanks to this size, work is much faster and easier.

Attention! The thermal conductivity of such blocks is three times less than that of a brick. Plus, the material has high strength and resistance to frost. The disadvantage of expanded clay products is the high cost.

Building from building blocks

The use of bricks has given way to modern block products. This situation is not only due to reasonable price, but also the speed of construction work and a wide range goods. To date, it is possible to purchase the following types of blocks:

foam blocks;
gas blocks;
Expanded clay products;
cinder blocks;
Arbolite block elements.

Foam blocks are very popular in the construction of low-rise houses. Foam and gas blocks products differ only in the production method. Aerated concrete consists of a mixture of cement, sand, lime and a special powder that forms a gas effect. Used in foam concrete special remedy, forming closed pores inside the material.

Attention! Open points blocks gives good indicator moisture conductivity. Comparing these two types of materials, the foam block wins in this indicator, since it absorbs less liquid.

Expanded clay blocks are created from expanded clay gravel and cement mortar, which holds the structure together. This material is typical good warmth and high strength. Plus, at an affordable price, the products are environmentally friendly.

Another popular view blocks are arbolite products. The main components are chips and sawdust in the following proportion: four to one. Wood contributes to the warmth of the material, and increases strength by providing reinforcement.

Cinder blocks are one of the most ancient blocks, the production of which began in the 80s. To date, they are used quite rarely, since the blocks have an impressive weight, complicating installation work. It should be noted that the material additional insulation which increases the value of the building.

Wooden houses

Let's look at the real advantages and disadvantages of wooden buildings. It is worth noting that the main advantages of the material are manifested in environmental cleanliness, aesthetics and a long service life. It is best to build a house for permanent residence from logs with a diameter of more than 40 cm, since only in this way can one achieve optimal level heat in the room.

Attention! Modern manufacturers perform a log house no more than 32 cm, so it is necessary to perform additional insulation.

So we got acquainted with the main types of materials and all the nuances of construction work on the construction of a house permanent form residence. If it is reasonable to perform calculations and the choice of tools, then it is possible to achieve maximum effect quality.