How to measure a window opening for installation plastic window?
Hello reader! Some people like to save money.
One client calls me and asks if it is possible to order windows according to the dimensions he has already measured.
Well, I went to meet the client and said that it was possible. I won't do it again, because he took the wrong measurements.
And there is nothing to save there, because the service is free if you order a window.
But I still consider it necessary to tell you about how to measure a window for installing a plastic window. Useful information below.
Do you know what a quarter is? What is the reverse? Or a straight line? If you have no idea what it is, then do not even try to measure yourself. Despite the apparent similarity of urban development, the measurement of windows can be fundamentally different in two seemingly identical houses. Therefore, there can be no clear instructions here.
The measurer, as a rule, is a former installer who is well versed in one or another type of construction, but even experienced specialists with 5-7 years of experience are mistaken. And even they are sometimes forced to tap the slopes when measuring, or remove part of them. And his tool of labor is not only a tape measure, but also a hammer, and a chisel, and sometimes a crowbar. Therefore, first of all, determine the type of your opening.
Quarter. This is a special structure of concrete or brick wall. At the same time, the size of the window from the side of the street is smaller than the size of the opening from the room, by 5-25 cm. Approximately 80% of the buildings in the city of Moscow have similar dimensions. Most of standard panel houses has a quarter, and in brick it is almost always present.
Reverse quarter. It happens rarely, mainly in the end parts of buildings. In this case, the size on the outside is larger than on the inside. Here, measurements of structures should be especially careful.
direct opening- the size of the window from the outside is the same as from the inside. Basically, it is a private building.
Combinations
You know that there are openings where there is a quarter on the sides, but not on the top and bottom. But there is also the opposite situation, at the top and bottom there is, but not on the left and right. It can be simple at the top, and reverse at the bottom, and vice versa. All these indicators form many combinations.
If you think that if the apartment has one window and a quarter, then the rest are the same, you are deeply mistaken, they may be different. And there is certain type houses, where they were inserted in the production of a concrete slab, and the slope was poured with a mixture based on concrete in the same place. When looking at it visually it seems that this is a straight opening.
But during dismantling, these slopes are destroyed, and the opening becomes larger. And there are not many such houses. To define and take into account all this is a whole art, based on many years of experience. AT wooden buildings usually everything is packed with boards so that you can’t see anything at all. A real specialist will remove everything that interferes with the inspection.
Before you measure, heed the advice: without a very strong need, do not order plastic structures that you personally measured. It is very likely that the structures will be smaller than required, then there will not be enough light in your room. And even worse if it is larger, in which case you will have to redo the windows or increase the opening, which is very problematic.
Useful advice!
If you want to know the approximate dimensions, just measure the length and width of your window from the side of the room with a tape measure, this is quite enough to calculate by phone, the error will be no more than a thousand rubles, and may even be in your favor.
If you need to measure yourself.
Therefore, we will tell you how to measure windows with a quarter and straight walls. We will leave the reverse and other cases to specialists.
Quarter freeze.
The size from the street side is smaller than the size from the room. To measure the width of a window, measure the outside distance, from one side slope to the other, keep the end of the tape measure as close to the frame as possible. Add 3-6 centimeters to this size. For example, if the width is 140 cm, the size should be 146 cm.
To protect yourself from mistakes as much as possible, measure the width from the side of the room. It should be at least 5 cm larger than the window, that is, at least 151 cm. If the distance is less, for example 148 cm, reduce to 143 cm. This applies 100% to panel houses, in brick houses a quarter can be plastered. The plaster will be removed, so less than 6 cm is not added to the brick.
If the internal distance turns out to be much larger than the product, for example, 160 cm or even more, resist the temptation to make the designs larger. In this case plastic frame it will completely go beyond a quarter, and only glass will remain on the street, this threatens with freezing due to incorrect measurement.
To measure the height, also take the length of the outer opening, from the tide to the upper outer slope, this is usually the height of the product. Nothing is added to it, since a support profile, 3 cm high, is installed under the window, a window sill is attached to it. That is, if the height is 150 cm, then the product will be 150 cm plus the stand profile, in total - 153 cm. Also check yourself by measuring the height from the room. It must be at least 5 cm more than 150 cm, that is, not less than 155 cm.
Measurement of a direct opening
Smooth straight walls are often found in private wooden and brick houses. It is necessary to measure the width and subtract 4-6 cm. That is, if the width is 150 cm, then the design is 144-145 cm.
The size in height is minus 8-10 cm, that is, if the value is 150 cm, then the height of the window is 142 cm. Another 3 cm is the stand profile, that is, the total value is 145 cm.
If you are measuring in an old house, clean the surfaces, remove the architraves, you should see a natural look, without details. If the building is wooden, this is not so scary, when installing, you can expand it, for example, with an ax (and it happens).
And one more thing - if possible, call a measurer, or remove the old product before measuring, do not risk expensive products, plastic structures are not a cheap pleasure.
source: http://okna-biz.ru/zamer/
How to freeze a window?
Everyone who is faced with the installation of plastic windows for the first time asks the question “where to start?”. So that the first installation of windows is successful, and you receive good result, you need to familiarize yourself with the materials of our site, which contain all necessary information for the installation of plastic windows.
First and most important work assigned to the measurer. Quite often, the customer is absolutely unaware of what kind of walls his house has, and what is inside them. In this regard, a simple call with a description of your window for ordering required window won't be enough.
Of course, the customer is able to report on the parameters of the window opening, however, only professional worker with extensive experience in this service sector. Good specialist must have analytical skills, be aware of the future window design, and also have personal experience window installations.
Basic rules for measuring
Measurements for the future plastic window must be carried out both from the inside of the opening (indoors) and from the outside (from the street). The parameters of both of these measurements are extremely important in order to determine how deep a quarter that an existing window opening has. After all, many factors affect the final size of the window.
One of the factors that must be taken into account when measuring may be the skew of the existing opening, in the presence of which the size of the window must be increased by the amount of skew. In order to avoid the occurrence of through cracks between the window and the edge of the opening, the size of the PVC window should exceed the size of the outer window opening by 3-4 and 1.5-2 centimeters in width and height, respectively.
This result can be achieved either by increasing the overall size of the window structure, or by expanding the window. In the second case, additional profiles will be used that snap onto the box. After determining the parameters of the future window, they must be compared with the control (internal) parameters of the window opening.
When making such a comparison, any error that could have been made in previous calculations can be detected, an assessment is made of how thick a layer of plaster will be applied on the internal slopes to compare the edges of the window, as well as whether it will be necessary to demolish the slopes when installing a window designs. Obviously, the amount of such extra work should be kept to a minimum.
Measurement requires:
- Correct measurement of opening parameters.
- Accurate calculation of the dimensions of structures (overall and internal) to be manufactured.
- Accounting for the size of the window sill, mosquito net, low tide.
- Coordination with the customer of the following:
- what will be the window binding;
- choice of window style and configuration;
- color scheme for seals, binding and fittings;
- choose the type of double-glazed window;
- determining the quantity, type, color and design that roller shutters and mosquito nets will have;
- choice of material, color and dimensions for ebbs, slope and window sill.
How to measure a window yourself
The most convenient for measuring the opening is a tape measure or a telescopic ruler equipped with a digital display; a regular 5 m tape measure with an 18 mm tape can also be used. The opening may have quarters (protrusions of the outer part of the wall measuring ¼ of a brick inside the opening), or maybe without them. You can most often find openings with quarters in city houses, openings without quarters - in country cottages.
Note!
The height of the opening is measured twice - on the left and right side, while the width is measured once, at the bottom. If there is any doubt about the location of the elements of the contour of the openings relative to the horizontal and vertical, it is necessary to use the level in order to determine the deviation and correct all calculations.
The dimensions of the structure in the opening without quarters will be 2-4 centimeters smaller than the corresponding dimensions of the opening. Besides vertical dimension after all, it must be reduced by the thickness of the window sill, which in the future will be installed under the window frame.
Calculating the parameters of the opening with quarters and the parameters of the future window structure is a more complicated process, especially in the case of measuring the opening of old windows and doors.
First you need to determine the thickness and height of the window sills, take measurements of the height and width between the outer quarters and the inner slopes near the wall near the window. The width that the future window will have should, on average, exceed the width between the outer quarters by 6 centimeters (3-9 cm).
If the difference between the dimensions is more than 6 cm, it would be advisable to use wooden (rough) extensions or PVC expanders. As for the height of the future window, it should be 3-6 centimeters higher than the vertical distance between the outer quarters. The value of the frame entry into the lower quarter should not exceed 2 cm.
The frame can go into the upper quarter as much as the size of the mosquito net allows. If there is no vertical or upper quarter, the vertical quarter will be 1.5 + 4.5 centimeters, and 2 centimeters into the lower quarter. 1 + 2 centimeters from the wall is left for insulation.
If necessary, measure the window with balcony door measure the parameters of the door and window, as well as Common parameters doors with windows. To calculate the width of the door, consider its lower part. The lower end of the door frame and the stone base must have a 1.5 +2 cm gap between them for insulation.
If there is any doubt about the method of closing the window structure (for example, in the case of a tight fit of the upper crossbar to the reinforced concrete crossbar), a hammer and a blunt chisel can be used to remove the casing and beat off a small piece of wall material. So you can avoid errors in the size of the future window.
It is difficult for a non-professional to perform all these measurements, which is why we recommend that you call a measurer for FREE and order the installation of plastic window structures on our website.
The dimensions of the sash must correspond to those indicated in the catalog window systems norms, and not exceed the maximum possible. The tilt-and-turn sash must be at least 40 cm wide. The size of the glass accessible for washing on one side should be no more than 0.55 m, and the size of the glass accessible on both sides should not exceed 1.00 m. A semi-circular PVC arch can be at least 52 cm wide (bending diameter) .
During the design of partitions for offices and glazing of the loggia, one should not forget that the movement of structural elements through any doors in the apartment should take place without problems.
When measuring during the construction or reconstruction of a structure, the weight and dimensions must be consistent with the project. Windows for a new house or cottage must be selected taking into account the style in which the building was built.
source: http://www.plastok.ru/faq/kak_sdelat_zamer_okna/
How to properly measure a window
In order to correctly measure the window, it is necessary to take into account that the size of the window depends on the features of the window opening and its size. Panel houses have standard openings, but in brick houses the openings may differ by several centimeters or even be non-standard (arbitrary). In the case of brick houses, the measurement of windows should be approached especially carefully.
You can measure the window yourself, without resorting to the services of a measurer from a window installation company. Knowing the size of a wooden window will make it easier to calculate the approximate cost finished products. Of course, it is easier to measure windows if the house has just been built and the window openings are empty, but with the openings in which there are old windows it will not be much more difficult, but also doable.
We remove the size of windows in a wooden house (new)
In a wooden house there are no quarters (protrusions on three sides of the opening, to which a window is brought). You can choose the place where the wooden window will be installed relative to the wall. Most often, it is set at the same outer wall. Since this way it will be easier to do exterior finish windows, i.e. external slopes will not be needed - it will be possible to get by with only a platband.
We proceed directly to taking measurements and first we measure the window opening in width. To do this, measure the opening at the top and bottom. If the dimensions are not the same, take the one that is smaller and subtract 50 mm from it ( mounting seam under foam 25 mm on each side). We know the width of the window, then we measure the height. We remove the size in the same way, take the smaller one and subtract 50 mm from it.
There is one caveat - the presence and thickness of window sills. Standard milling made under the window sill in lower beam is 30 mm. If the window sill is the same thickness or slightly less, this is normal. In the case when the window sill is thicker, the difference between the thickness of the window sill and the milling must be subtracted from the height of the window.
If a draft box is installed in a wooden house, the window opening is measured inside the box. The width of the outer casing is determined taking into account the draft box. The standard box size is 5 cm.
In order to calculate the width of the platband, add the grip on the wall and the box by 2 cm (on both sides it turns out 4 cm), add 5 cm (box) plus 25 mm (seam for foam). We get the result - the width of the platbands should be 11.5 cm.
How to measure a window in a panel house (residential)
The panel house has old windows and this makes it a little more difficult to take measurements. Dismantling of old windows is not possible for the reason that it may take a month to make new wooden windows. Panel houses have window openings with a quarter - there is a ledge on three sides (two on the sides and one on top).
Note!
We need to determine the width of the window opening from the outside (from one quarter to the other). To do this, through the open window (be extremely careful !!!) measure the distance between the quarters with a tape measure. Next, we measure the opening inside the room, from one slope to another.
We subtract the outer one from the inner opening, as a result we get the depth of the quarters. Take for example the width outside 1380 mm, and the inside 1500 mm. The resulting difference of 120 mm is divided by two and we get the result of 60 mm - the width of the quarter. Now you can measure the width of the window.
Adding 30 mm to the outer dimension on each side - 1380 + 30 + 30 = 1440 mm, this is the width of the window. The height of the window is measured in this way: Bottom part should be at the level of the outer ebb, and 30 mm is added to the upper quarter. For example, the height from the upper quarter to the ebb is 1400 mm, then adding 30 mm we get a window height of 1430 mm. As a result, the size of the window to be ordered is 1440 x 1430 mm.
How to measure a window in a brick house
In brick houses, or as they are also called "Stalinist", the quarters can be quite deep - up to 10 cm. modern windows it is impossible to drive into a quarter more than 3 cm, otherwise the window frame will be hidden and the outer walls will fall directly on the glass. Thickness window frame and sashes (in the closed position) is 110 mm.
Also, according to GOST, the mounting seam should be no more than 40 mm. The easiest way out of this situation is to order a wooden window with an increased width of the window frame. This is quite doable; in production, they add to the bar of the window frame additional beam any width and paint together with the window. Thus, the mounting seam is compensated by the additional timber.
Now you can measure the window, but remember that there can be many nuances in this matter, since each window is individual. Therefore, it is better to contact a window installation company, only then you can be sure that everything is done correctly.
source: http://proevrookna.ru/derevyannye-okna/kak-pravilno-zamerit-okno.html
How to measure the opening under the plastic window with your own hands
The measurement of a plastic window directly depends on the size of the opening that you make in your house. If the dimensions of your opening are non-standard, and you are worried that you will not be able to properly insert a window into it, do not despair. Now plastic windows are made according to any individual size and shape.
But if you already have windows made of another material that you want to replace with plastic by measuring the opening with your own hands, then this article is for you. First, we will tell you how to correctly measure openings for plastic windows in openings that have a “quarter” (a quarter is a protrusion from the outer sides of the window in half a brick, to which the window frame is adjacent), in width:
Explaining the above: real size the windows will be slightly wider than the one you measure inside (in contact with the side inner slopes). The width of the window will be less than the width of the opening with the window sill.
Now we measure the window height:
- If measured from the outside, then 2 cm is subtracted from the height between the outer upper slope and the base of the opening for mounting foam.
- Further, 1.5-2.5 cm is added to this size so that the window can go into the upper quarter.
- If you have a window with a tide and a window sill, then subtract 3 cm from the resulting size, because we need to find out exactly the size of the window.
When using a stand profile, the height and width of the window will be 3-8 cm less, which will take mounting foam. Sometimes it happens that a quarter is more than 5 cm. In this case, an additional profile is used so as not to leave much space for the mounting foam.
Remember: the height of the plastic window should be less than the distance from the upper inner slope to the window sill. Together with the stand profile, the height of the window must be less than the distance from the upper inner slope to the underside of the window sill.
If your opening does not have a quarter, then the correct measurement of the plastic window will be as follows:
- 3-8 cm is deducted from the width of the opening.
- 5-6 cm are subtracted from the height of the opening, 3 cm of which will go to the stand profile, the rest to the mounting foam.
Measurements of the window opening in sections
In conclusion, we draw your attention to the fact that walls often have curvatures that must be taken into account. Based on this, the windows must be measured on the smallest sides (the widening of the wall can always be covered with foam). If you do not plan to install plastic windows yourself, we recommend that you invite a specialist to accurately measure the window.
source: http://gold-cottage.ru/okna/kak_pravilno_zamerit_proem_pod_plastikovoe_okno_svoimi_rukami.html
window measurement
The measurement of the opening for installing a window must be approached very responsibly. After all, an incorrectly made measurement can lead to the fact that you will have to carry out additional expensive work or redo the manufactured plastic window. Most window companies do not recommend measuring yourself.
They are not responsible for the conformity of the dimensions of the manufactured window to the window opening, if the measurement is made by the customer, and not by the company's specialist.
Useful advice!
But sometimes it becomes necessary to measure the window opening yourself. In this case, please follow the instructions exactly. correct measurement windows.
There are two kinds window openings:
- quarter
- quarter to.
A quarter is a ledge from the sides and top of the window opening, which prevents the window from falling out and protects against the penetration of precipitation and wind into the room. The width of a quarter in a panel house is 50 mm, in a brick house - 65 mm, or ¼ of a brick.
Plastic window measurement
Window measurement occurs in 4 steps:
- calculation of the size of the window opening
- low tide measurement
- window sill measurement
- slope sizing
The measurement of the window opening starts from the street side, then goes to the inside. To do this, open the window and measure the width of the opening between the quarters from above and below. These details may vary. To the smallest of the results, add 3–5 cm if the house is panel, and 4–6 cm for a brick building. This value will be the width of the window.
To check if the measurement of the window width is correct, compare the result obtained with the width of the opening of the inner part of the window and with the distance between the points of contact of the slopes with window frame. It must be between these values. To calculate the height of a window, you need to measure the distance from the bottom of the window opening to the edge of the upper quarter.
To this value, add 2–3 cm to cover the quarter and subtract 2 cm for the thickness of the mounting foam. If the window has an ebb and a window sill, a stand profile will be used when installing it. In this case, the height of the window is reduced by another 3 cm. If the measurement is done correctly, then the height value will be almost equal to the distance from the end of the upper quarter to the upper edge of the ebb.
If the window opening does not have quarters, then when calculating the width of the window, 3–8 cm are subtracted from the width of the opening for the mounting gap. The height is calculated by subtracting 5–6 cm from the height of the opening, of which 3 cm is for the stand profile.
The length and width of the ebb is calculated as follows: 5 cm is added to the distance between the right and left quarters. This is the length of the ebb. To calculate its width, add 2 cm to the distance from the end of the quarters to the window.
Note!
The window sill is measured from the side of the room. It should be borne in mind that the new plastic window has a thickness of only 5–6 cm, while the windows that were installed earlier are wider. Therefore, to calculate the width of the window sill, subtract 5-6 cm from the distance from the outer sash of the old window to the edge of the window sill.
The length of the window sill is the distance from the edge to the edge of the inside of the window opening. The width and length of the slopes are measured along the inside of the window opening. All values must be written in millimeters.
If you are building a wooden log house, do not forget to take into account that the log house will “sit down” for at least two years. If the windows will be installed once after the assembly of the frame, then when calculating the height of the window from the height of the opening, you need to subtract 10–15% for shrinkage and another 5–6 cm for installation. The window width is measured as described above.
If you do not take into account the shrinkage of the log house, then the lowered upper crowns of the log house can break the window. Experts recommend installing windows in a log house only after it shrinks. The method of installing windows in a log house differs from the usual one, since there should not be a rigid fastening of the window to the logs, in order to avoid breakage of the window or “hanging” of the upper rims.
A casing box is used, which is attached to a bar inserted into a vertical groove sawn into the ends of the window opening logs. In this case, the crowns can move down the bar without breaking windows and without freezing.
If possible, you should entrust the measurement of windows to an employee of the organization that will produce and install windows. In this case, you can be sure of the correct measurement. In addition, the company will be responsible for the manufacture and installation of windows. If the measurement was made independently, then you will bear the responsibility.
(on some pressing issues of organizing window openings)
They usually begin to think about compliance with the design dimensions after the walls of the house are completely built, the roof proudly rises above them, and the builders proceed to the external and interior decoration. It is precisely at this stage that the shortcomings associated with non-compliance with the exact dimensions of window openings appear. Crooked and oblique window openings you have to bring to mind, involving specialists in the work.
How to properly prepare for the installation of plastic windows, we will consider in today's material.
We control the preparation of the window opening
First of all, you should check the binding of the openings in the wall. Most important point- checking the level of the upper slopes, that is, correlating the lintel with the design mark of the finished floor. In the event that the lower part of the lintel turned out to be higher than the design mark, then most likely it will be necessary to correct the height of the window opening by making the lower masonry. Another option is to order higher window structures than planned. However, it should be remembered that on the same floor all jumpers must be at the same level.
If the dimensions of the window openings are far from ideal ....
It is known that window opening sizes should not be smaller sizes boxes. This will ensure easy installation of the window structure, and will also allow you to form the necessary mounting gap.
The accuracy of the shape of the window opening is determined by measuring the height, width and diagonals. Immediately make a reservation that we are talking about standard windows. If the diagonals of the opening are equal, and the height and width correspond to the project, then everything is done correctly.
However, this perfect option. Sometimes the proportions of openings have to be seriously adjusted.
Diagonals different lengths opening assume the absence of perpendicularity between the sides. Naturally, the side slopes will also be far from a strictly vertical position. The problem is solved by cutting the side slope with an acute angle.
Equal diagonals and different side slopes they will not allow to expand the opening due to the presence of a jumper above it, which should enter the wall to the estimated depth. If the side slope is expanded, then the depth of the wall on which the jumper rests will also become smaller, and this can lead to its greater deflection and weakening bearing capacity. Here it is better to reduce the opening with a narrow fragment and connect it to the wall with anchors. In too large openings, it is also recommended to insert windows with a wider frame or use a wider sash profile, as well as the so-called “additional profiles” (additional profile).
If the window openings do not fully comply with the project they can not be customized to certain standards, but windows can be ordered taking into account existing sizes. In a reputable company for the production of plastic windows, they will always meet the needs of the owner of the house and fulfill the order in full accordance with the measurements.
So that the opening does not interfere and does not spoil the overall picture
It also happens that the dimensions of window openings have to be changed in accordance with the interior design. For example, in the kitchen, its conditions can dictate kitchen furniture: the window sash must be able to open without interference from the tap, etc. Reducing the height of the countertop is impractical because of the resulting inconvenience during cooking. There remains the option of reducing the height of the window and using extensions that will make the light opening smaller, but without changing overall height window. However, in this case, it must be taken into account that changing the size of one opening will disrupt the general appearance of the wall of the house, which may contain several more windows.
Almost the same thing can happen to a window if you plan to use a window sill for seating. The window is made longer and lower than usual, but it can also disrupt the overall appearance of the facade. Therefore, it is desirable to carry out such experiments in the absence of other windows and after agreement by the architect.
Do not rush to reduce openings
Sometimes it may seem that the designed openings are too big, so there is desire make them smaller. This can lead to a decrease in the clear glass area of the house. It is better to once again calculate what can happen after subtracting the width of the mounting gap, the thickness of the box itself and the thickness of the window sash from the dimensions of the opening. Reckless reduction of openings will cause both a decrease in lighting and an unsightly appearance.
Installation of additional window openings
Particular attention is required to the arrangement of window openings in those places of the walls where they were not provided for in advance. Please note that in order to organize a new opening in the load-bearing wall, it is necessary to make additional changes in general, the design of the house, as well as to strengthen the wall, taking into account the size of the future window. Sometimes in the process of preparing for work it may turn out that it will be impossible to make a new opening. Therefore, before deciding on the arrangement of an opening in a load-bearing wall, it is better to first consult with a specialist.
The primary purpose of windows in buildings and structures of any type is to transmit light for natural light. But windows also provide ventilation of the premises, perform a number of other functions. Let's try to figure out what is regulated in construction. Is it possible to set arbitrary when constructing, for example, a country house?
How is the area of window openings calculated?
In construction various types Buildings apply building codes and regulations that regulate the size of window openings and windows, depending on many factors. The decisive among them is KEO - the coefficient of natural light. But many other factors are also taken into account: the dimensions and purpose of the building, geographical location, light characteristics and the number of glasses in a double-glazed window, etc. So, in the "Building Norms and Rules" (SNiP P-A862), the area of \u200b\u200bthe window opening is regulated in relation to the area of \u200b\u200bthe room (in percent), which is determined by the formula given in the document. The SNiP defines the normalized KEO values in the premises of typical public and residential buildings geographically located in the band from 45 ° to 60 ° north latitude. This value takes into account that glass cleaning in windows is mandatory twice a year for buildings in areas with low dust and pollution, and 4 times for rooms in areas with noticeable emissions of dust and combustion products. If the building is located south of 45° north latitude, a factor of 0.75 should be applied to the KEO value, and if the building is located north of 60° north latitude - 1.2.
The calculation formulas have their own coefficients for the cases of using several glasses in double-glazed windows, for different distances between the glasses, as well as for various designs glass in the windows (frosted, curly, etc.).
If it is difficult to set different coefficients, then there is a simplified formula for residential premises: the area of window glazing should be at least 8 times less than the area of \u200b\u200bthe room. This formula gives approximate, but quite close to the calculated results.
Standard sizes
But there are standard sizes of window openings specified by state standards for residential and these sizes are chosen as optimal for mass construction. They take into account many factors, including the external aesthetic appearance of the building as an architectural structure.
GOSTs take into account not only the size of the window, but also the design features of their execution. In addition, the dimensions of openings, canvases and the design of balcony doors have been standardized. There are GOST 24699-81, GOST 24700-81 and GOST 11214-86, which impose restrictions on the choice of wooden windows and balcony doors for public and residential buildings in the design with double-glazed windows and glass, with double-glazed windows and with, respectively.
List of standard sizes
In particular, standardized sizes of windows and balcony doors of residential buildings are provided for in height (860, 1460 and 2175 mm) and width (570, 720, 870, 1170, 1320, 1470, 1770 or 2070 mm). For public buildings, a different size range is standardized for windows and doors of balconies (height - 1160, 1760 or 2060, 2375 or 2575 mm, width - 870, 1170, 1320, 1470 mm). openings for these structures is also defined: in residential buildings (height 910, 1520 and 2210, width 610, 780, 910, 1210, 1380, 1510, 1810, 2110 mm) and public (height 1210, 1810, 2110, 2410 and 2810, width 910, 1210, 1380, 1510, 1810, 2110, 2410 and 2710 mm).
Standard sizes window openings (GOST 23166-99), window blocks and balcony doors are presented in an expanded size range: height values are added - 580 and 1320 mm, widths - 2370 and 2670 mm without specification, in residential or public buildings they will be installed.
In panel houses, a standard window of two sashes should also have a width of 1300x1400 mm, and of three sashes - a height of 1400 mm, and a sash width of 2070 or 2050 mm.
Window sizes are also standardized for five-story houses of the Khrushchev period. For a window of two wings with a narrow window sill, a size of 1300x1350 mm is used, of three wings - 2040x1350 mm, and with wide window sill- 1450x1500 and 2040x1500 mm.
How to calculate window openings?
Thus, in order to choose the number and size of window openings for a building under construction country house you can perform the following sequence of actions:
- by the area of the room we calculate the area of \u200b\u200bglazing windows (divided by 8);
- we determine the height of the windows from the dimensional standard range (we take into account the architectural appearance of the house, its harmonious aesthetic appearance);
- by dividing the glazing area by the height of the window glass, we obtain the total width of the glazing;
- we calculate the number of windows for the widths of the standard row that suit you by dividing the total glazing width by the selected width of the glass of the window block (we round the resulting value to big side, if received a fractional number);
- choose the width that suits our preferences the most.
The result is no worse than the requirements of SNiP, since the result was rounded up.
Example
Let's take a room with an area of 40 sq.m - the glazing area should be at least 5 sq.m. With a window height of 1460 mm (glass height - 1210 mm), the total length of the glazing will be 4132 mm, which is equivalent to 4 windows with a width of 1320 mm (glass width 1170 mm) or three windows with a width of 1770 mm (glass width 1520 mm).
When determining the dimensions of window openings, 15 mm should be added to the dimensions of the window blocks on each side for landing on mounting foam and 50 mm should be added in height for the same purpose, plus for installing a window sill.
Final remarks
It must be borne in mind that when building an individual country house, there are no such strict restrictions as in mass construction. Modern firms (there are a lot of them on the market), producing and installing double-glazed windows, are able to produce window blocks any sizes. But if you implement the recommended sizes of window openings (SNiP P-A862), then the conditions for natural lighting of the premises will be met, and the choice of sizes according to GOST allows you to save costs compared to ordering individual window blocks.
Therefore, in any case, it is useful to know and use the calculations of illumination according to the method of construction requirements, as well as the provisions current GOSTs on the standardization of window and door structures to choose the right size of window openings, for example, for building a country house.
A bright room always seems more habitable and comfortable than one into which the sun's rays do not look. The function of windows is precisely to provide desired level natural lighting. A standard window opening has dimensions that best meet this task and do not jeopardize the integrity of the entire house.
Gif" alt="(!LANG: window size" width="500" height="222">!}
What is GOST?
In order not to endanger the health and life of a person, not to endanger environment, plants and animals, as well as to protect public and private property, special standards have been developed for goods and products. The abbreviation GOST is an abbreviation for state standards. The compositions, methods and production technologies recommended by them until 2011 were mandatory requirements.
Since September 2011, compliance with GOSTs has been made a voluntary procedure. Technical regulations began to form the basis new system standardization. But when it comes to the life and health of people or the preservation of the environment and property, then GOSTs must still be strictly observed. Standard sizes of window openings also fall under the category of mandatory and unchanged values.
Data-lazy-type="image" data-src="https://osobnyachkom.ru/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/rejting-plastikovyh-okon-500x375.gif" alt="(!LANG:metal-plastic window" width="500" height="375" srcset="" data-srcset="https://osobnyachkom.ru/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/rejting-plastikovyh-okon-500x375..gif 300w" sizes="(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px">!}
If we are talking about construction work, then, in addition to GOST, when building residential buildings, it is customary to focus on another type of document. SNiPs are building norms and rules that regulate urban planning activities.
Why know the standards?
Replacing wooden windows with PVC structures is a large-scale process launched throughout the country. Advertising booklets various companies often contain schematic representation window or balcony block with price indication. And it’s not at all a fact that the width or height shown in the diagram will at least approximately resemble the dimensions of the openings in your house. That is why the departure of the measurer is a prerequisite when ordering plastic windows. The fact is that brick and panel houses built at different times are characterized by a significant variation within a single standard window opening.
Knowledge of GOSTs will also be required during the construction of a private house. The height and width of window and door openings may differ slightly from state standards, but following these recommendations is the key to the safety and comfort of future housing.
Stalinka, Khrushchev, Brezhnevka: how did the standards change?
Update housing stock, unfortunately, is not carried out at the speed with which the inhabitants of old houses of pre-revolutionary construction would like it. But at the beginning of the 20th century they built thoroughly, so many objects with high ceilings, thick walls and large footage of rooms will stand for a long time. For those who decide to install plastic structures in such houses, you should know that the standard window opening in them has following sizes:
- window with 1 sash - 85 × 115 cm or 115 × 190 cm;
- construction with 2 wings - 130 × 220 cm, 115 × 190 cm, 150 × 190 cm;
- openings for a window with three sashes were made in one version - height 240 cm, width 210 cm.
The construction period from 1930 to 1960 was marked by the erection of beautiful brick houses. The bas-reliefs and stucco on the granite or plastered facades looked monumental, corresponding to the rooms with large footage and high ceilings.
Typical building 1950-1985 - the complete opposite of the "stalin". Three-five-story panel or brick buildings were distinguished by small rooms. The low ceiling height completed the feeling narrow space. The standard window opening in them changed its size depending on the building material (brick or panel blocks).
Improved in layout, the Brezhnevka was supplied with convenience elements in the form of elevators and garbage chutes. Nine-story houses, depending on belonging to one of the three series, could have different window openings.
Table 1. Standard sizes of window openings in houses of the Stalin, Brezhnev and Khrushchev eras
| house name | Window with 2 sashes (cm) | Window with 3 sashes (cm) | Note | ||
| Stalinki | 115×195 | 170×190 | |||
| Khrushchev | Panel house | Brick house | Panel house | Brick house | The width of the window sills is also different. In brick houses, they are wider, so more material will be needed to finish the slopes when installing plastic windows. |
| 130×135 | 145×150 | 204×135 | 204×150 | ||
| Brezhnevka | Series 602 | Series 606 | Series 602 | Series 606 | The 600th series is distinguished by large window openings. The standard size for a three-leaf window could be one of three: 269 × 142, 238 × 113, 238 × 142. |
| 145×121 | 141×145 | 210×145 | 141×170 | ||
Dimensions of window openings in typical new buildings
Modern developers are building houses in more than 40 series. Naturally, the width and height of window and door openings will be different. Sometimes the difference is 1-2 cm, but in some cases it reaches more than 20 centimeters. Dimensions are regulated by one general GOST 11214-86, and discrepancies in the height and width of doorways, as well as windows, depend on the area of \u200b\u200bthe room. It is clear that in spacious room with high ceilings and in a small bedroom, the required level of illumination will be obtained through different openings.
Jpg" alt="(!LANG:window width" width="500" height="315" srcset="" data-srcset="https://osobnyachkom.ru/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/zamer_okna..jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px">!}
Returning to GOST 11214-86, it should be noted that the recommended window dimensions are 87-267 cm wide and 116-206 cm high. According to him, in modern new buildings, the parameters of doorways fit into two standard widths: 72 and 87 cm.
Table 2. Standard window openings in houses of modern construction
| Series | double sash window (cm) | Tri-leaf window (cm) |
| 137 | 115×142 | 170×142 |
| 504 D | 142×110 | 142×203 |
| 504 | 145×141 | 170×141 |
| 505 | 141×145 | 141×203 |
| 600. 11 | 141×145 | 141×205 |
Is there a standard for PVC windows?
The technology for the production of plastic windows does not limit the manufacturer in size and shape. Non-standard window openings are successfully glazed with PVC structures. There are certain nuances, but they are associated with design features windows, profile capabilities and the weight of the double-glazed window.
Good afternoon!
The Internet does its job, and many customers study it on the Internet before buying windows. useful information to go to the firm with an already formed opinion.
So in recent times cases of misunderstanding of the size range of structures have become more frequent.
People wonder why some standard window sizes are listed on the Internet, but in reality they turn out to be different.
But every apartment is different.
The "Khrushchev" windows have one size, the "Stalinka" have a different one.
To unravel the mess in my head, I suggest reading a post on the size of standard plastic windows.
Plastic windows have dominated the market for more than fifteen years building materials, however, you are unlikely to find a ready-made frame and double-glazed window.
Because everyone has window opening at home, their sizes and the standard sizes of plastic windows vary quite widely.
Initially, they were made according to the standard sizes of window openings of panel houses, i.e. these are plastic windows 120 by 120, 130 by 140, etc. generally accepted standard for plastic windows - these are windows with a size of 1200 x 1200.
Currently, standard plastic windows consist of one, two or three sashes (especially wide windows next to the balcony door). In a Khrushchev-type house, the size of the window depends on the size of the window sill.
If there are three sashes, the size of the PVC window will be 2040 x 1500, for a double sash - 1450 x 1500 mm. If the window sills are narrow, then the dimensions of the PVC windows should be as follows: 1300 x 1350 and 2040 x 1350.
As already mentioned, due to the mismatch of standards, there may be errors in the numbers up to 10 cm. Therefore, the standard sizes of plastic windows are a relative concept and to a certain extent blurred.
Non-standard plastic windows are windows that are made according to custom order rather than the standard sizes. To date, these windows are in greatest demand.
The minimum size of a plastic window in this case can be 420 x 420 cm. However, the opening sash must be larger in order to longer term hardware services.
Here, you also need to consider the principle of the window.
If the sash opens by turning to the side, then the height of the PVC window should be higher than the width, if it leans back, then exactly the opposite.
At the same time, the thickness window profile should be 70-80 cm in order to maintain the temperature inside the room.
When installing a non-standard design, it is also necessary to ensure that a proportional balance is maintained in the size of the window, otherwise deformation and distortion of the window profile may occur.
Fortunately, today's plastic window production technologies allow for any size. Therefore, when individual approach to the construction of houses, plastic windows and their standard sizes also become strictly individual.
Simply put, custom sizes pvc windows are the rule rather than the exception.
source: www.respublika-okon.ru
Standard window sizes are convenient
Sizes of windows in standard houses
The standard sizes of windows, as well as the sizes of balcony windows and doors, are determined in accordance with GOST and SNiPs (“Building Norms and Rules”).
These regulations offer optimal window sizes in typical houses and take into account:
- room lighting requirements
- purpose of the building (residential or non-residential premises)
- room dimensions
- level of natural light (depending on the geographical location of the object)
- light transmission capacity of the window unit (number of glasses, their level of contamination)
However, the sizes of windows both in panel houses of different series (P-44, P-44T, P-46, P-3, P-3M), and in the same house may differ by several centimeters.
The existing window dimensions in panel, brick, wooden and Stalinist houses encourage us to strive for them when designing buildings, so as not to create problems for residents who decide to change old frames for new windows with double-glazed windows.
In a new typical five-story building in Moscow, the standard size for double-leaf windows, both wooden and PVC windows, is 1300 mm in height and 1400 mm in width.
In "Khrushchev" the same parameters:
- minimum 1300 mm and 1350 mm (if the window sill is narrow)
- maximum 1450 mm and 1500 mm (for a wide window sill)
Knowing the type of house, you can approximately determine the size of window openings and calculate the cost of a new window. However, it is better to use the services of qualified specialists and use them to make a professional measurement.
Plastic windows - size matters
The question is, "What is the size of the window?" often occurs in the process of purchasing plastic windows. The dimensions of PVC windows can differ significantly from standard ones, which can significantly affect their cost.
Modern technologies make it possible to standard windows varying complexity based on the needs of the buyer. For example, in "Stalin", where the windows are large or for summer cottages, where the size of the windows is determined not by GOST, but by your imagination.
When choosing plastic windows, the standard sizes of which are described in GOSTs and SNiPs, it should be remembered that custom-made windows are not more expensive.
A ready-made plastic window is convenient to purchase when urgent installation is needed.
The standard sizes of plastic windows allow you to orient yourself when choosing new windows and calculating their cost.
At the same time, custom-made windows fit perfectly into your window opening. Therefore, there will be no difficulties in the process of installation work.
The corporation "Windows of the 21st century" offers standard windows made taking into account the type of building and windows made to individual sizes.
You can order turnkey windows from us, which include:
- froze
- window frame manufacturing
- delivery
- dismantling the old and installing a new window
- installation of eaves and window sills
- slope finishing
source: www.okna-21-veka.ru
A standard plastic window is considered, as a rule, a window made of PVC profile class "A", having dimensions of 1.5 * 1.5 m and equipped with fittings and double-glazed windows.
Despite the fact that the window is called standard and has universal parameters, many options for plastic windows fall under this description.
Why are windows of this size standard?
Because such windows are in great demand, since the window openings of typical houses are the same size.
We offer you several options for standard windows:
- blind plastic window;
- plastic window with one tilt-and-turn sash;
- plastic double-leaf window;
- tricuspid plastic window.
The most common size for a standard plastic single-leaf window high-rise building it is considered 1200 * 1200 mm, and for a double-leaf - 1300 x 1400 mm. If the house is from the Khrushchev era, then 1300 * 1350 mm.
Three-leaf windows - 2050 * 1400 mm in typical house and 2040 * 1350 mm in the house of the Khrushchev era.
If you hear from our master the phrase "standard plastic window", do not be alarmed, no one wants to confuse you. Know that this is a window of a certain size, equipped with all the necessary accessories.
source: www.oknawam.ru
Standard window sizes
As a rule, the process of designing buildings of any type involves determining the size of window openings, taking into account the requirements for the intensity of lighting in rooms.
This indicator depends on the purpose of the building, its dimensions, and the level of natural solar lighting in one geographical location or another.
Not less than importance has the light transmission capacity of the window block.
Based on building codes and regulations, the percentage ratio of the window opening area and the size of the room is calculated according to the generally accepted formula.
The same standards give a normalized value for the illumination coefficient of public and residential premises, which are located south of 60 degrees and north of 45 degrees of latitude.
All indicators should take into account mandatory glass cleaning at least twice a year for buildings that are not in polluted areas of the city, and 4 times a year for buildings with serious emissions of combustion products and similar elements.
For example, if the building is located south of the generally accepted 45 degrees north latitude, then the illumination must be multiplied by a factor equal to 0.75, if the building is located north of 60 degrees, then the coefficient increases by 1.2 times.
Note!
All indicators take into account the mandatory cleaning of glass at least twice a year.
Among other things, the light transmission of the opening is affected by such indicators as the number of glasses and the distance between them.
Due to the refraction of light rays and the absorption of light by more than two glasses, the illumination of the room can deteriorate significantly.
However, there are standard GOSTs for window sizes. Note that the dimensions indicated in GOST to the greatest extent correspond to the parameters of certain buildings and, if necessary, can be adjusted.
Based on the types of window frames, typical window sizes are distinguished, which apply to:
- double glazed windows;
- triple glazing;
- single glazing, terrace frames.
GOST 11214-86, 23166-99 provides for a humidity of 8-12% and standard dimensions for window openings with a height of 60; 90; 120; 135; 150 and 180 cm and 60 wide; 90; 100; 120; 135; 150 and 180 cm.
The generally accepted standard sizes of windows consist of a combination of sectional elements and glass directly.
For example, let's take a standard window block, the width of which is 1320 mm, the side sections are 85 mm, the middle section is 130 mm, while the width of the glass in each sash must be at least 525 mm.
Moreover, 7.5 mm of glass should be included in the window trim on each side. Based on simple calculations, we conclude that the apparent width of the glass is 510 mm.
Also, the standard dimensions of window openings depend on the construction of the walls and the dimensions of the quarter.
source: design-for-you.ru
For more than fifteen years, plastic windows have taken a leading role in construction market. However, they are not sold as ready-made double-glazed windows, but are assembled after taking measurements according to an individual project.
This is due to the fact that each house or apartment has individual sizes of window openings, so the standard sizes of plastic windows vary greatly.
At the very beginning of its appearance on the domestic market, plastic windows were made according to the Gost size of window openings in panel houses. Such a plastic window had a size of 120x120, 130x140, etc.
Today the generally accepted conditional standard size plastic double-glazed window considered 1200x1200mm.
Usually standard plastic windows come in three types: one, two and three-leaf.
The standard sizes of plastic windows in such cases are:
- at a double-leaf window - 1450x1500 mm;
- for a tricuspid one - 2040x1500 mm.
In Khrushchev, the size of PVC windows depends on the size of the window sill. If there is a narrow window sill, the dimensions of the plastic window are usually 1300x1350 or 2040x1350 mm.
It should be borne in mind that the standards often do not match and an error of up to 10 cm is allowed. It follows from this that a window made of PVC standard size doesn't really exist.
Now in the construction market, plastic windows are more often non-standard, i.e. made to order. It is these windows that are in high demand among the consumer.
In that case, the most minimum size sometimes 420x420 mm. But the opening sash is usually made a little larger so that the window fittings last longer.
In the manufacture of such windows, the principle of operation of the window structure is taken into account.
Useful advice!
When opening the sash by turning it to the side, the height of the plastic window must be greater than the width. If the sash leans back, then vice versa, the width is greater than the height.
In such constructions, the thickness of the window profile is usually 70-80 cm, in order to maintain a normal temperature inside the room.
The installation of such plastic windows requires careful attention to maintaining a proportional balance in the size of the window in order to avoid profile distortion.
Today's technology for the manufacture of plastic windows allows any size of the window structure, the main thing is that the proportions are not violated. This led to the fact that in practice, during the construction of private houses and the repair of old residential premises, standard plastic window blocks turned into window frames assembled to order.
Therefore, it makes no sense to talk about standards in the manufacture of windows today.
source: oknakvadrat.ru
We measure plastic windows: how to determine the size correctly
Plastic windows today are no longer a luxury, but a necessity. Firstly, they look aesthetically good, and secondly, they protect houses from noise, dust and, of course, cold.
As a rule, in ordinary houses install plastic windows of standard sizes. These dimensions are determined strictly according to GOST and building codes and rules.
Regulatory documents contain information about optimal sizes windows in ordinary houses, and take into account:
- Requirements for the illumination of the room;
- Room dimensions;
- The purpose of the premises, they can be residential or non-residential;
- The level of lighting in a natural way;
- window bandwidth.
But, despite this, the standard sizes of plastic windows in panel houses may differ slightly, literally by a few centimeters.
Therefore, when building new buildings, developers try not to deviate much from the established standards, so as not to create a problem for themselves and the residents of these houses.
For example, in the new brick house, install brown plastic windows whose standard dimensions are 1300 mm high and 1400 mm wide. Whereas Khrushchev's houses, these parameters vary from 1300 mm to 1500 mm.
From this we can conclude that the standard sizes of plastic windows are a very vague concept and there are no exact figures for this.
Thus, if you know the type of construction, you can approximately calculate the cost of a double-glazed window.
But still, not everyone knows how to measure a plastic window correctly, so in this case, the best way out there will be an appeal to a specialist who will perform this work for you as quickly and efficiently as possible.
If, nevertheless, you want to learn how to measure a plastic window correctly on your own, you will need to take into account some features, namely: the double-glazed window should be slightly wider or the same in size, in places where the frame is in contact with the slopes; the double-glazed window should be slightly narrower than the slope itself.
In order for the plastic window to be measured correctly in height, you will need:
- From the base of the window opening to the outer upper slope, 2 centimeters must be subtracted;
- It is necessary to add about 1.5-2.5 centimeters to the result obtained, this is necessary in order for the window to go into the upper quarter;
- When using a stand profile, which is a prerequisite for the installation of windows, it is necessary to subtract 3 centimeters from the resulting window.
The dimensions of the double-glazed window, as a rule, should be less than the window opening by about 3-8 centimeters. This will be required for the assembly seam.
If your quarter turned out to be more than 5 centimeters, then you will have to use an additional profile.
If you still do not know how to properly measure a plastic window, then you will need the help of a specialist.
Note!
The dimensions of the double-glazed window should be less than the window opening by about 3-8 centimeters.
Basically, plastic windows, standard sizes, which are prescribed in GOST, cost much less than non-standard windows for private houses that were designed on an individual order.
Thanks to the latest technologies you can make such windows in the shortest possible time, while the quality will not suffer at all, and the windows will delight you for a long time.
Also, when choosing a plastic window, it is necessary to pay attention not only to the size, but also to the quality of the fittings, what material they were made of, basically, most companies produce windows from environmentally friendly materials that are not allergens and will not harm your health, as well as the health of your families.
Loading...