Corner joints of pipes of heating pipes. Features of connecting pipes approved by building codes and regulations for use in water heating systems. Heating system installation

Before designing a heating system, it is necessary to determine in advance the material of its main elements that affect the proper functioning of the entire system. Modern construction market a huge range of pipes is offered to replace sewerage, heating and plumbing, which greatly complicates the choice. But, the use of steel pipes for heating is considered a classic.

TO strengths and features of steel pipes include:

Their resistance to high loads, represented by external influences and high pressure;
The possibility of movement through the pipes of a coolant having a temperature of more than one hundred degrees Celsius;
Possibility of heating pipes in emergency cases(when the coolant freezes) even with an open flame;
Significant service life (about 30 years);
Their compatibility with cast iron radiators due to the possibility of installing a squeegee on the pipe to which the radiator is screwed.

For the manufacture of pipes intended for water heating, mild carbon steel is preferred. Its use is explained by the significant strength and plastic properties of raw materials. Due to this, steel pipes are processed by bending, cutting, welding, riveting and other manipulations.

Steel pipes are distinguished by significant thermal conductivity, which is important when the movement of heated water. An important factor influencing the laying of pipes in concrete is the correspondence of their temperature coefficient of linear expansion to the coefficient of concrete expansion.

For water heating systems, preference is given to:

"Seam" water and gas black welded pipes, obtained by bending a sheet of steel with subsequent seam welding, and electric-welded galvanized pipes with a straight seam. Such pipes are a low-budget option with a limited service life of up to 4 years. At the junction of steel layers, the formation of a welded seam occurs, which is processed from the outside, which prevents the appearance of bumps and notches on the surface of the pipe. From the inside, the welding seam cannot be processed, its quality control is difficult. Due to a small shell flaw, the metal thins in this place. This leads to a leak with subsequent forced dismantling of steel pipes.
Seamless seamless pipes, which are more reliable in operation, used in places that are inaccessible for repairs. They are made by pressing, forging and rolling. However, the cost of such products is an order of magnitude higher than the suture version.

Manufacturers produce pipes with a diameter of 8 to 150 millimeters. The thickness of steel pipes can be light, ordinary and reinforced. The most common and worthwhile option is steel pipes with a thickness of 2.7 millimeters and a diameter of 25 millimeters. Such parameters provide protection of pipes from rupture.

Disadvantages of steel pipes

Unfortunately, despite all the advantages, steel pipes are characterized by many disadvantages. Firstly, they have significant weight and large dimensions, which makes their operation difficult. Secondly, the gas welding used to connect them significantly increases the cost of installation.

The main disadvantage of steel pipes lies in their corrosion instability and susceptibility to various damages. These pipes quickly overgrow with rust and various deposits, which causes release into the water harmful substances and deterioration in performance locking elements. Due to rusting, there is a decrease in the inner diameter of the pipes, which impedes the circulation of the coolant, which is the justification,. The best method of protecting steel pipes is galvanized. But, after this process, the use of antifreeze becomes impossible.

It is believed that the connection of galvanized pipes cannot be carried out by welding. This is due to the burning of the zinc coating on the seams. For their connection, couplings, tees and drives are used, which is an additional cost.
Due to the low throughput property, steel pipes are inferior to pipes of similar parameters made of copper and plastic. When transporting cold water, steel pipes are characterized by negative thermal conductivity due to their sweating and rusting, which can destroy the building structures adjacent to them.

The principle of using and installing heating with steel pipes

The use of steel pipes is advisable when large diameters and mechanical strength. It is quite problematic to lay pipes due to the difficulty of giving them the required geometry. In addition, pipe insulation is recommended due to their significant thermal conductivity.

In the presence of a floor boiler with natural circulation, the use of "black" steel will be optimal. This raw material in the plumbing system is rapidly rusting. But, in autonomous system heating, with long-term circulation of the coolant, rapid oxygen evaporation, the service life of black pipes can last about 50 years.

When using wall-mounted boilers equipped with a copper heat exchanger and forced circulation(pump), the use of steel pipes becomes impractical. This is due to the unaesthetic nature of such a system, corrosive clogging of the thinnest heat exchanger and installation high cost. Therefore, it is advisable to dismantle steel pipes with copper or plastic raw materials.

To assemble steel pipes, it is necessary to have a device for cutting pipes and threads, an adjustable and gas wrench, a hacksaw, welding, and an airtight tape to seal all joints. When buying non-galvanized pipes, they must be painted with asphalt varnish. In the presence of factory galvanization, it is not necessary to additionally process the pipes. Preferring open pipe laying, you need to take care of the mounting clamps. Attachment points can be located at a distance of:

2.5 meters if the inner diameter of labor is up to 20 millimeters;
approximately 3 meters diameter value from 25 millimeters and above;
4 meters with an internal diametrical value of 40 millimeters.

For bending steel pipes, it is advisable to use a hydraulic pipe bender, which is a small-sized, convenient and easily transportable device that saves energy. If there is no such tool, then it is possible to purchase ready-made steel fittings of the required shape, which ensure the connection of straight sections in a pipeline bend. To date, the choice of fittings is a simple task, as manufacturers offer a sufficient range of them.

Connection methods

Application of an oxy-fuel welding method connecting pipes with smooth ends.
The use of connecting screwing, sealed with a special gasket, which provides the connection with impermeability.
Flange fasteners, in which the connection is bolted to the ends of the pipe.

It is recommended to use a gas generator to connect pipes to radiators. Preference should be given to seamless pipes, high-quality spurs and radiators. The connection scheme consists of the following steps:

Cutting old pipes, knocking them out of ceiling joints, followed by drawing new steel pipes for heating;
Warming up the pipe, bending it and welding-free connection to the radiator;
Installation of a drive with a suitable thread, followed by screwing the radiator;
Application of silicone sealant or linen fibers to the threads to prevent water leakage.

Before installation, it is necessary to check the integrity of all elements, because correct and high-quality installation is the key to the long-term functioning of the heating system.

Which pipe connection will be the most reliable and optimal - a press fitting, threaded or plug-in? Many developers think about this issue when installing the heating system at home.

Soldering is just one type of pipe connection metal pipes. However, modern plumbing technology They also offer a wide range of pipe installation methods, united by the concept of "cold connection". We are talking about pressed, threaded and plug-in connections using various connecting elements (fittings). The advantage of these technologies over soldering is that they fully meet the requirements fire safety and speed up the installation of pipelines.

IN this case a plumber is faced with the choice of not only connecting systems, but also pipes made of one or another material - stainless steel, copper, plastic.

Fast and reliable: pipe connection of copper pipes with press fittings

Among pipes, copper pipes are now widely used, which can be connected different ways. Along with soldering, the connections on the press fittings also proved to be reliable. In this case, the deburred and calibrated pipe ends are inserted into the so-called press fitting and crimped using special pliers or a press gun.

A solder joint fitting is a simple copper sleeve into which the pipe is inserted and sealed.
Unlike a solder joint fitting, a press fitting has more complex structure and is equipped with two sealing rings, which ensure the tightness of the pipe connection after the pipes are compressed. It costs, of course, more expensive, but the difference in price is offset by a gain in labor costs.

Compared to a brazed connection, press fittings have a higher tensile strength, which, when laying pipelines on greater distance, for example, under the ceiling of the basement, allows you to manage with fewer fixing anchors.

Combination fittings for connection plastic pipes(by Unicor)

Simpler than soldered and even press fitting connections are push-in pipe connections made on special fittings for copper pipes. And in this case, before being inserted into the fitting, the pipes are deburred and calibrated. An experienced plumber can complete a push-in connection in a matter of seconds. It will take a specialist about two minutes to make a connection on a press fitting, and three minutes to make a soldered one. extra minutes, or even more (depending on the diameter of the pipes).

A rapex multi press fitting (Velta) that connects the flexible plastic pipes of the heating system. Using pliers, crimp the sleeve on the pipe.

However, between push-in and press fitting, the specialist in consultation with the builder usually prefers the latter. Plug-in connections take less time to complete. However, fittings for them are more expensive than fittings for soldered and pressed joints, moreover, they are not suitable for laying pipes of a larger diameter.

JRG Sanipex MT system: put a union nut on the pipe, flare the end of the pipe until a socket is formed, put the pipe on the fitting and screw on the union nut.

Through the "viewing window" you can check the fit of the pipe in the fitting. Here - a connecting element made of high-grade steel for a heating battery

Connection of copper pipes: mark the depth of fit into the fitting at the ends of the pipes ...

... deburr the ends of the pipes, insert the pipes into the fitting (by IBP) until they touch each other. Pipe connection completed.

Pipe connection by multiple crimping (indicated blue color). The tensile strength of such a joint is much higher than that of solder joints.

Special feature of connection with Viega press fitting: if the fitting is forgotten to be pressed, it will be detected immediately.

Plug-in and pressed plastic pipe connections

The question "insert or press in?" occurs when laying pipes not only from metal, but also (even more often) from plastic. So far here, at least with the introduction flexible pipes, pressed, threaded, clamped or (since relatively recently) plug-in connections were used.

Flexible plastic pipes unwound from a roll are straightened using a pipe straightener, preparing them for use in the pipeline of the heating system.

Straightened pipes are connected in a plug-in way. A slightly audible click indicates that the connection has been made correctly (Friatec).

The advantage of all flexible pipes is that they can be laid directly from the roll, so that in the ideal case between the heating battery and switchgear it is enough to make only two connections.

Additional fittings on bends, for example, in the corners of the room, are not needed here. Simultaneously with the accelerated laying of such pipes, the risk of making loose pipe connections is also reduced. The disadvantage of flexible pipes is that they are not suitable for use as risers. To do this, most manufacturers offer pipe systems, usually made of copper, extruded plastic or steel.

Press connection of stainless steel pipes with high corrosion resistance. Such connections are relatively fast (Mapress).

Combined metal-plastic flexible pipes (PE or RV) are also widely used. Of all plastic pipes, the most popular are PE-X pipes (made of very dense polyethylene, which is highly resistant to chemicals, shock loads, pressure, high and low temperatures). And these pipes have protective layer(usually made of aluminum), providing a barrier to oxygen, which is especially important when using pipes in heating systems.

Both PE (or PB) pipes and PE-X pipes are identical in operation. Both can be combined different ways. When connecting by crimping, the pipe is put on the fitting, and on the pipe - a metal sleeve, which is crimped with the help of press tongs. Such a pipe connection is one-piece.

The principle of a clamp connection is known to many from working with a watering hose and is as follows. A union nut is put on the pipe, the fitting itself has a cone, which, when screwing on the union nut, presses on the pipe. This connection is detachable.

PE-X combination pipes (Roth) with Laserpex aluminum core. Pipes with a diameter of 40 and 50 mm for risers can be connected by crimping using PPSU tin-zinc bronze fittings.

A screw connection is similar to a clamp connection. And in this case, the union nut is put on the pipe, but then the end of the pipe is flared (so that the nut cannot slip). After that, it remains only to connect the pipe with the fitting on the thread.
IN last years for splicing plastic pipes, the so-called plug-in connections, where the pipe is inserted into the fitting, have become widely used. The connection is made in the following sequence: the pipe is cut to length, deburred, calibrated and put on the fitting. No special tool is required here.

To master all the listed methods of connecting pipes home master unlikely to work. And above all, because many novelties in this area are not available to him. The fact is that an expensive pipe special tool is not so easy to acquire, and it will be used inefficiently.

The radiator piping must include shut-off valves

We already know about that, and today we’ll talk about connecting heating radiators to pipes. In the heating system, threads are often used to connect elements. All equipment is installed on the circuit by means of a thread. This is an expansion mat (a metal tank with a rubber membrane inside), and a pump, and batteries, and the same meters. Metal lines can also be connected with threaded sockets. At the same time, there is different types threads and methods of sealing joints. Let's figure out how to properly connect the heating pipes to each other and to the batteries.

Thread types

Steel pipes can be connected by welding or pipe thread. Connection of heating radiators to pipes is carried out only with a metric thread, which is cut into nuts. To assemble the individual parts of a stainless steel metal line together, threaded connections of heating pipes are used, which are:

conical (BSPT);
cylindrical (BSPP).

In heating systems, conical threaded connections of heating pipes are used, and cylindrical ones are used only for squeezing. Cutting is carried out using a tool called a klupp. They are manual and electric. Hand tool consists of a handle, a ratchet and a head with cutting teeth. The presence of a ratchet allows you to work in hard-to-reach places, for example, on the segment where the highway runs along the wall.

To cut the thread, you need to chamfer and treat the surface with oil. In the process of threading a heating pipe, oil must be added, this reduces friction and heating of the part. In order for the joint to be airtight after connection, it must be sealed. The metric thread on the nuts of all contour elements is also sealed.

Types of seals

Previously, there was no such variety of seals as today. Some plumbers use the full range of materials in their work, and there are conservatives who still recognize only linen. Are they right? Let's figure it out. How to seal the thread on the heating pipe:

fum tape;
flax with paste;
anaerobic adhesive sealant;
sealing thread.

Linen was previously used in tandem with red lead, grease or oil paint. Today, a special sealing paste is used, which prevents the flax from drying out and rotting.

Flax dries in systems with a hot coolant, and rots on cold water. In the first and second cases, the result of the process will be the appearance of a leak. Thanks to the paste, the fitting after twisting can be released a little, making a turn back no more than 45 degrees. Universal material, suitable for connecting metal heating pipes, as well as for polymers.

Flax is suitable for all types of threads on heating pipes, regardless of diameter. It is the cheapest of the seals. It is important to wind it correctly:

with the help of a cloth for metal or a file, notches are made on the thread;
a strand of flax is rolled into something like a thread;
winding is carried out in the course of fitting tightening (usually clockwise);
protective paste is evenly applied.

Linen seal

When winding flax, it is important not to overdo it. First you need to make the first turn, which will secure the seal on the thread. This leaves a tail. On the second turn, the remaining tail is picked up and wound together with a common fiber. Make sure there are no twists. It is necessary to distribute the material along the thread evenly from the end to the body of the fitting. When working with flax, when connecting heating pipes, you need to watch your hands, as they are constantly smeared with paste. If you take hold of with such hands, an imprint will remain.

Fum tape is used for thin-walled fittings and connectors with fine threads. It is easy to work with the material, hands are always clean. At the same time, fum tape is quite expensive and is mainly used for small diameters. Significant drawback this seal is the impossibility of adjustment. That is, if the joint of the heating pipes is twisted and needs to be released a little to center it, then the connection loses its tightness.

The sealing thread, like the fum tape, does not need lubrication and the use of a special paste. It can be wound on dirty or wet threads, suitable for plastic.

According to the characteristics declared by the manufacturers, the sealing thread can be unscrewed (adjusted) by 180 degrees.

Sealants are applied to clean and degreased threads (usually new). They are:

dismantled;
difficult to dismantle.

And in fact they are not dismantled. Before connecting the heating pipes using a sealant, you must be prepared for the fact that the connection can be disassembled only after heating. And only then, perhaps, it will be possible to unscrew it. But during installation, the joints do not even need to be tightened with keys.

Connecting the circuit and batteries

To understand the methods of connecting heating pipes to a radiator, let's start by considering the materials from which heating systems can be made. They can be different:

steel;
copper;
propylene;
metal-plastic.

All of them perform one single function - this is the transportation of the coolant from the boiler room (boiler) to the radiators, which, in turn, give off heat and thereby heat the room. All batteries are threaded to the system. To do this, fittings with a transition to the thread are installed on the circuit. They are placed on polymer circuits by soldering or pressing. Copper is only brazed, while steel can be connected with press fittings and threads.

In any case, a threaded connection is connected to the battery. How to connect a heating battery with

Schemes for connecting batteries to heating

pipe, diagrams:

bottom connection;
side connection;
diagonal connection.

Most effective option is a diagonal. In this case, the supply to the battery is carried out from above, and the return exits from the bottom of the opposite end. The difference in temperature of the radiator with different connection methods is insignificant, therefore, first of all, you should start from the location of the battery. Complete with new batteries there are always parts for connecting them:

nuts marked "S" and "O";
plug;
Mayevsky crane.

Before connecting the heating radiator to the pipe, nuts are screwed into the holes at the ends of the battery, and then, depending on the wiring, plugs, a Mayevsky tap and an American are screwed into them.

To connect the pipes and the circuit, it is imperative to use taps and American women.

An American is a nut that can spin with a fixed fitting. By the way, when connecting heating pipes to a heating boiler, it is also necessary to install taps with an American. At the same time, it is necessary that the American is wound not on the boiler pipe, but on the circuit. Then it will be possible to safely remove the boiler and water will not pour out of it.

Some masters do not put cranes when tying batteries, which leads to difficulties in further exploitation. If you want to remove and clean the battery, you will have to drain all the water from the system, and then fill it up. And if it happens in winter and breaks the radiator, what then? It turns out that it will be necessary to stop the entire heating system in order to replace it. This is despite the fact that hardly anyone has a spare radiator on duty at home.

You will need to go to the store, buy it, find the master. It will take at least half a day, at sub-zero temperatures outside there is a risk of defrosting the system. And then it will be necessary not only to change the batteries, but also to repair the entire circuit. If you install taps, you can cut off the radiators without stopping the entire system.

Metal elements of the pipeline are still used everywhere: during the installation of heating, water supply, gas pipelines. Therefore, many are faced with the problem of how to connect metal pipes.

In general, there are 2 types of connection of this type of pipe:

non-separable;
collapsible;

It all depends on what goals you set before the connection. If there is a need to disassemble the system, for example, for flushing, then type 2 is used, and if the pipes are connected thoroughly, then 1.

The first is a welded connection, the second is a threaded connection, using fittings, couplings and flanges.

Connection by welding

This type provides proper reliability for a long time. But it requires a set of special knowledge and skills; it is difficult for a non-professional to do a job well.

The selection of equipment for welding is also important. Work can be carried out using both electric and gas welding machines.

Rules to be observed before and during work:

Connecting surfaces must be free of dirt and rust.
Connected elements should be evenly cut, without deformation, almost perfectly docking with each other.
When welding, the work is done continuously, not allowing the seam to cool.

It is more desirable to carry out gas welding with welded elements of small diameter, otherwise, it is preferable to use electric welding machine. Welding is carried out in various ways (there are about 32 of them), while spurs, adapters, corners are used.

The main ones are:

joint when elements of the same diameter are welded.
overlap when one piece to be welded is inserted into another of a larger diameter.
Taurus when one pipe is welded into the side of another.
Injection, the elements to be welded are cut at the required angle and welded.

It must be remembered that the connection by this method is best done by a professional who has constant practice and has mastered various types of welding: bottom, ceiling, vertical.

If you want to master this method independently, then:

Buy inexpensive welder.
Explore the whole theory.
Work out in welding profiles, corners that do not have a load.
Try to weld a small number of water pipes in a rotary method and put water through them, if there are no smudges, then you can complicate the task.
Make a couple connections in an irreversible way.

Some rules for welding:

Always use special clothing.
Work always with a mask or protective glass.
For each weld, remove the sludge.
When welding pipes, the number of layers of the seam depends on the thickness of the walls: the thicker the walls, the thicker the seam.
Welded connection should smoothly pass into the welded element.
It is important not to scales getting inside, as this will lead to clogging of the pipeline.

The choice of electrodes for welding is important. The electrode has a metal base coated with a special welding compound. They have different diameters, depending on the thickness of the welded pipes.

When buying, consult with professionals which electrodes to give preference to, only high-quality material will not stick and will give a constant arc. For pipes with a diameter of up to 100 mm, it is advisable to use 3 electrodes.

Threaded connection

This type of connection is perhaps the most suitable for installing a home heating system, since you can independently assemble and disassemble any system assembled by this method.

you can buy finished pipes threaded, threaded couplings, corners, but you can thread them yourself, the procedure is not complicated, but requires some effort:

You need a set of lerok(dies), klupp holder for cutting external threads.
We insert a die with the diameter you need in klupp.
pipe, on which a thread is needed, we cut it off with a grinder.
We clamp detail in a vise.
We are filming it has a chamfer, that is, we make the outer edge slightly rounded so that the die fits better.
Can lubricate the place thread cutting machine oil.
Clockwise we begin to slowly move the klupp. This must be done carefully, since it depends on a slight skew how the couplings and corners will be screwed onto a given thread.
If, after making 2-3 turns, the lerka does not want to move, scroll back half a turn and with a little effort start moving again.
After that, as the thread is wound, remove the remaining oil and metal filings.
Try screwing on the threaded coupling.

If your friends have klupp with electric drive, it will make the task much easier. And the whole threading process will take a few minutes.

taps

Now consider the process of cutting an internal thread:

Required set of taps and collars.
Choosing taps(rough, medium, finish) of the required diameter.
Rough tap we clamp it in the knob, we clamp the pipe in a vice and slowly start, like a drill, to cut the internal thread.
If the tap does not move, it is clogged with chips, unscrew it and start again.
We do the same average and pure dreamer.

As for the connection process itself, you will need a sealant (flax, fum tape, sealing thread) and sliding gas keys. A sealant is wound on the thread, along the thread, we try so that the sealant does not get inside the pipe.

If linen is used, then it is necessary to stretch the linen thread, wind it and lubricate it, for example, with red lead for better sealing. We wind a coupling, angle or other pipe onto a pipe.

If the pipes cannot be twisted

In this case, a coupling, a drive and a lock nut are used:

On the run the seal is screwed on.
For long thread the lock nut is screwed up to the stop and the coupling.
short end with a seal is screwed into another coupling, valve, fitting.
Coupling, unscrewing, screwed onto another thread and tightened with a lock nut

Additional options

With fittings

A fitting is a part of a pipeline used to different kind connections: linear, angular, pipe installation different diameter.

Depending on the use, they are divided into:

at corners and bends, moreover, having different angles;
adjustable elements: crosses, tees;
plugs;
fitting;

With a clutch

This type in Lately got wide application, and both pipes in which there is pressure, and without pressure. The coupling has high strength and special tightening devices.

Procedure:

Making a straight cut connected places with a grinder, remove burrs.
We measure the junction, it should be exactly in the middle of the coupling.
With chalk or marker, mark the depth of insertion of the pipe into the coupling.
We use silicone sealant for lubrication of the connected elements and the coupling itself.
Insert the first part to the marker, and then evenly put the coupling on the second pipe. And we clamp the connection. But remember that it is advisable to buy couplings from trusted manufacturers, mainly from Switzerland and France.

With flanges

Flange- this is a special fitting that has a large contact area and the connection is made using bolts and a gasket between them. The flange can be attached to the main element, both by welding and by threaded connection.

This type is very practical when frequent disassembly of the system for cleaning or for other needs is necessary. When disassembling the system, it is important then to monitor the integrity of the gasket. The flange is also very durable, used in almost all areas.

Using various fittings , it is advisable not to save much, since most often they are inexpensive and have a short service life.
Responsible for sealant application at threaded connection, because most of the leaks occur precisely because of poor-quality winding.
When the system is first started Be sure to check all connections for leaks.
Pipes connected in different ways must be painted to avoid rusting.
During installation water supply network , install a filter that will avoid contamination of the entire system.
For mounted elements, try to do the load as little as possible, do not put heavy things.

If you need to choose a method for connecting pipes at home, then you need to decide on the material of the pipes and their purpose. That will depend on your choice.

Methods and types of pipe connection

The durability of the pipeline depends on how the pipes are interconnected, on their correct design and quality of parts. The main requirements for the connection are the preservation of strength when working under pressure, resistance to negative external influences and ease of installation.

Threaded pipe connection

One of the detachable methods is the connection of pipes using threads, which is used if pipes have to be disassembled. Detachable joints are not placed in places that are difficult to reach, otherwise it will be difficult to repair if a leak occurs. Advantages of the method:

suitable for connecting pipes of different diameters;
assembly can be done by a person without experience, professional skills and without special tools;
if seals are used, the thread will provide high tightness.

The only drawback of such a connection will be the difficulty of cutting the thread itself, for which special tools are used.

Threaded pipes are marked, if you look closely, you can see a fraction of two numbers, the numerator shows the inner diameter, and the denominator - outer dimension pipes.

Threaded connection methods

There are several ways to connect pipes using threads, but two are most in demand - squeegee and bidirectional thread.

The connection with the drive is used in cases where the pipes are motionless, they cannot be rotated around the axis. To do this, it is necessary that there are two pieces of pipe with different length threads. Prepare the coupling, locknut, any sealant. Coupling - connects two pipes, the lock nut holds the coupling, making it stationary, and the sealant prevents water from seeping between the threads. The connection is made as follows:

screw the locknut and sleeve onto the long thread;
bring a piece with a short thread and make the first turns with a coupling and a lock nut without a seal, in order to make it easier to find the end of the pipe to be connected;
tighten the locknut to the coupling at a distance of about 2-4 mm, the distance between them must be filled with a sealant;
the threads of flax or hemp are wound onto the thread from themselves, clockwise, and then a coupling and a lock nut are screwed onto them.

With this method of connection, the nut and coupling are, as it were, driven from a long thread to a short one, so it was called a drive.

Bidirectional threading involves the use of one coupling, which is wound simultaneously on two pipes at once. The pipes should have multidirectional threads so that the coupling pulls them together, as it were.

If one of the threads begins to let water through, then the coupling will have to be twisted from both pipes, and this is not very convenient.

Methods for sealing a threaded connection

One of the disadvantages of connecting pipes with a thread is insufficient sealing if special seals are not used, this is especially true for gas pipes or under high pressure. Now you can buy completely different sealants, for every taste and price - consider some of them.

What are threaded fittings

The most common threaded element for detachable connection different pipes- a fitting with internal and external threads. With their help, you can easily mount pipes or make their reconstruction, the main thing is that the joints are in easily accessible places. Minus - requires constant monitoring of their condition.

Materials used to make fittings: cast iron, brass, copper, bronze and stainless steel. In order to increase their anti-corrosion protection, these products are coated with zinc, nickel or chromium.

These connecting elements can be of different modifications:

couplings - used to connect straight pipes, have a thread located inside;
corner fittings are used to connect pipes going in different directions;
tees, crosses allow you to connect several pipes, can connect pipes of different materials and with different diameters;
plugs - in order to close the hole in the pipe.

Coupling with locknut

Coupling and locknut are used on pipes with short and long threads by the method of driving. In order for such a connection to be tight, the following rules must be observed:

use a seal: linen with drying oil, graphite putty;
make sure that the strands do not get inside the pipe, otherwise it may become clogged;
use a sliding key to jam the clutch on the run, this will not allow the clutch to move during use;
if it is not possible to advance the coupling to the end, then the structure should be disassembled, reducing the sealant layer, and assembled again;

Compliance with these rules does not guarantee that the connection will be airtight, but you should sometimes make visual inspection this place to make sure there are no leaks.

Detachable pipe connection without thread and without welding

There are many more ways to connect pipes without threads so that they can be separated later.

The choice of method will depend on which pipes need to be joined: they can be flexible - made of metal-plastic, polypropylene and polyethylene, and rigid - made of steel, cast iron and other non-ferrous metals.

With clutch

In order to connect two pipes, it is necessary to pass their ends through nuts, washers and gaskets and connect them inside the body. Now it remains only to screw the nuts. Gaskets are compressed and provide tightness, if this did not happen, then one more gasket ring should be added.

The most important thing is to choose a coupling of the required diameter. If you take a large coupling, then leaks cannot be eliminated.

Flange connection of steel pipes

Jointing with flanges is mainly used for steel pipes. A flange is a part for the repair and installation of individual parts of the pipeline. With this combination of pipes, several points are taken into account:

The nuts should not be skewed, so the sequence of their winding is as follows: first, they turn the nuts located one against the other, and not in a circle.
For plumbing, use a pad of rag cardboard soaked in drying oil.
For heating pipes need a gasket made of asbestos cardboard.
The ends of the bolts should not stick out of the nuts more than half.
The inner diameter of the gasket should be slightly larger than the diameter of the pipe, and the outer one should not touch the bolts.
Do not use several gaskets for one flange, this will reduce the tightness.

The flange connection is used for pipes of both small and large diameters. Can be used for gas pipes, chimneys, sewers and others.

Push-in pipe connection

For the installation of plastic pipes, collet fittings are used, which consist of a body where a compression ring and a rubber gasket are placed. Advantages:

low cost and availability;
reliability;
ease of installation;
possibility reuse collets.

Please note that sometimes this fastening loosens, so it is necessary to tighten it from time to time.

Connecting pipes in this way is simple: first, a collet is inserted into the pipe, and then the outer nut is tightened. Do the same with the second pipe. It should be remembered that this detail has high pressure on the pipe, therefore, when tightening the nut, it is important not to twist it in order to prevent the appearance of cracks and cracks.

With clamps

Types of connections are different, one of them is a quick-detachable pipe joint. It is carried out using clamps - a device in the form of a metal ring with a tightening mechanism: nuts with metric threads. This method is designed to create a tightness of the hose, rubber pipes with a solid base. Installation is effortless.

Clamps can be different, for example, on sale you can find spring wire clamps that work on the principle of clothespins. Despite the simplicity of design, such devices can provide complete tightness of the connection.

Compression fittings

Compression fittings are used to connect plastic pipes. These parts allow you to make branches and turns, as well as increase the length of products. Advantages:

does not need constant monitoring, no need to periodically tighten the bolts;
can be laid in concrete or deep;
high degree of tightness, does not give in to corrosion;
easy and fast installation.

Types of permanent connection of pipelines

Sometimes there are situations when it is necessary to make a connection so that in the future it would be impossible to disassemble the entire structure. Such methods provide complete sealing of pipes and increase their strength, which is important for gas pipelines and heating systems.

Welding of metal pipes

Pipe welding is used mainly only for metal products. This method requires the involvement of specialists, since without skills and equipment it is impossible to make a high-quality welding seam.

Welding is carried out using gas, alternating and direct current, for this you need welding units: automatic or semi-automatic.

There are two types of welding:

socket, when the outer end of one pipe and the inside of the second pipe are melted, then these parts are connected;
butt welding melts both ends of the pipes and then they are simply connected, getting a weld.

Soldering of polymer pipes

Since the plastic has a low melting point, it is easy to connect them if you have a special soldering iron. It is enough just to melt the ends of the pipe, and then simply connect them. The pipe obtained in this way will not be inferior in strength to a solid one, since the material is connected at the molecular level.

This method is useful when a part of the pipe needs to be replaced. To do this, it is enough to cut out the damaged part, and solder it in its place. new site without defects.

Butler Coated Socket Seal Joint

The connection of metal pipes with anti-corrosion coating using Butler equipment is used in the following industries: oil and gas, housing and communal services. But more often it is used for the construction of oil pipelines and the laying of pipes intended for the transportation of gas.

The meaning of the connection lies in the fact that the pipes prepared at the enterprise are connected by pressing one into the other. The main advantage is the possibility of installation in any climatic conditions.

Compression coupling and press fittings

A permanent connection can be made using compression fittings in the form of press fittings. Inside there is a belt made of durable polymers, reminiscent of rubber. To connect, it is necessary to prepare the end of the pipe, strip it and insert it into the compression sleeve. After that, with the help of pressing tongs, the pipe should be clamped in this coupling. This method is used when it is not possible to make a thread or apply welding.

vibration resistance;
durability;
withstand high pressure.

Tension fittings

If it is necessary to hide the connecting elements, then tension fittings can be used for this purpose. Installation starts without pre-training ends of the pipes, it is not necessary to carefully select the diameter of the pipe to the diameter of the connecting fitting. With the help of the pressure exerted by the sleeve located inside the pipe on its outer walls achieves absolute tightness.

First, a coupling is pulled over the junction, the ends of the pipe are expanded with the help of an expander, now it is necessary to place a fitting and a gasket inside. With a vice, the coupling is pulled to the place where the pipes were joined.

Push fittings (push fittings)

Such a fitting consists of an o-ring, a body, an outer casing and an inner ring. In order for the end of the pipe to easily enter the part, it is necessary to apply a little force, special devices are not required.

Such connectors are used in corners or in narrow spaces where it is inconvenient to make a connection in another way.

Connection of pipes of different diameters

To do this, you can use couplings, adapters, crosses and other connecting parts.

Plumbing can be joined using a coupling and a locknut if the pipe is straight and without corners. For a short connection, one sleeve is used, if a long one, a lock nut is added. The coupling must be marked with the diameters for which it is suitable. This method is applicable only for small pipes, for large diameters it is better to connect them by welding.

As you can see, there are many ways to connect pipes. It is possible to dock pipes so that they cannot be disassembled in the future; such methods are used in hard-to-reach places to increase the strength and tightness of the connection.

Pipe connection: with clamps, without welding, with a coupling, with a thread, of different diameters

If you need to choose a method for connecting pipes at home, then you need to decide on the material of the pipes and their purpose. That will depend on your choice.

Ways to connect pipes without welding

Today, there are many more ways to connect pipes than traditional welding and threading. It depends on the material from which the connected products are made.

Metal (cast iron, steel, copper, stainless steel) and polymer (metal-plastic, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene) require a different approach.

Methods for connecting flexible pipes

Fittings are used to connect flexible pipes without using a welding machine. They can also be connected with clutches that cover most of the connection. With the help of fittings, pipes are connected that have a diameter of up to 32 centimeters. However, it is considered impractical to assemble a large-diameter system in this way - the joint will have low reliability.

For docking polyethylene pipes small diameter compression fittings are used. This method is considered inexpensive and reliable. If the pipe has an average diameter, then it is better to use a coupling.

The device of the connecting node of the compression fitting

Rigid pipes

The main ways to connect rigid pipelines:

gluing;
use of clamps;
using connectors.

In plumbing systems, flanged connections are used.

Bell-shaped

The connection with sockets can be detachable and one-piece. This method is used for systems that are not subject to pressure. Examples are the joining of cast iron and plastic pipes in sewer systems:

You can use clamps. At the junction, the clamp is put on with a rubber lining.

To connect plastic or polypropylene pipes use glue. In this case, the system becomes inseparable.

In industry, pipes are connected in a nipple or hinge way. With the help of hinges, twists in the piping system can be avoided. For insert measuring instruments use a nipple connection.

Swivel connector for pipelines

Pressing and expanding

For the connection of copper pipes, pressing has proven itself. The work can be done quickly and easily. First, a so-called fitting is made using a pipe expander. The other end is inserted into it. The joint is clamped by a special pressing machine. Ready!

And copper pipes can be connected by flaring. If necessary, this product can be disassembled.

There are many ways to connect pipes without the use of welding and threading. Each is great for a particular type of pipe. But they have their advantages and disadvantages.

The strongest connections are flanged.

Fittings are good because you can disassemble the system at any time.

Let's just notice! Threadless and non-welding methods cannot be used in the heating system.

Connection of pipes without welding and threads: from copper, metal, polyethylene

How to connect pipes from various materials if it is not possible to weld or thread them. Which methods are the most reliable, and which are only suitable for

Connecting water pipes of different diameters

For plumbing, pipes with a diameter of ½ inch or ¾ inch are usually used. They are connected by means of an inch or metric thread, cut at the ends of products. The designation of the thread corresponds to the diameter of the product.

Different diameters - no problem!

What to do if you need to connect products with different diameters? Work is done according to standard scheme, however, there are nuances. In a specialized store, you must purchase fittings for pipes with different diameters. On sale there are tees, crosses, squares (or angles), adapters, couplings and other shaped parts designed specifically for products with different diameters. Which parts to purchase depends on the specifics of the upcoming installation of the water supply. As is obvious, you can connect two products with different diameters with your own hands, and several at once.

Water pipes are joined using a coupling, a coupling and a lock nut. These parts are screwed onto the threads of the products. At the end of one of the products, a thread of seven turns is cut. The work is done by means of a lerka fixed in a lerko holder equipped with two handles. For convenience, the product is clamped in a vice or in a special clamp. There are two possible ways to proceed.

We connect products with our own hands using a coupling

The method is suitable in cases where one of the water pipes is straight, has no corners or is short. For the procedure for connecting products, one coupling is required. Its thread designation must correspond to the diameter of the connected products. Consider the algorithm of actions:

On one of the ends of the product with a thread in an even layer, clockwise relative to the working end of the product, hemp ridges are wound in 5-6 turns. The hemp must be pre-straightened;
The product, with a hemp end, is immersed in a container with oil paint. The thread must be completely immersed in the coloring composition. Paint and hemp are needed to improve sealing, eliminate gaps. Then we take out the product, screw the coupling onto the working end with a pipe wrench, following the clockwise direction. We twist until it takes a lot of effort to continue working. Do not overdo it, otherwise the part may burst.

Tip: The end of the water pipe does not need to be immersed in paint. It is enough to lubricate it with an oil coloring composition using a conventional brush.

We connect products with our own hands without welding

This method is optimal in cases where the second water pipe has a sufficient length, angles, and parameters that are inconvenient for twisting. With one of the products, we repeat the algorithm described above (hemp, Oil paint etc). Next, we proceed as follows:

On the second product, longer, an extended thread is made. Such that the coupling and nut enter the product completely, and a free edge of 2-3 mm remains.
The threaded ends of both products are joined, then the first product is twisted onto the water pipe with hemp until it stops. First, the lock nut is screwed on, and then the coupling;
The hemp is wound up, a coloring composition is applied to it, and only then the lock nut is screwed until it comes close to the coupling. Hemp acts as a thin barrier between the locknut and the coupling. The compressed hemp provides better sealing plumbing system, prevents water leakage during operation.

Tip: It is important not to overdo it when tightening the locknut if you have chosen a method of joining products without welding. Otherwise, it will burst within a short period of time. But even with its insufficient twisting, problems are possible. If you see water leaking between the sleeve and the locknut on a test run, carefully tighten the locknut tighter.

Conclusion

It is recommended to install without welding only water pipes with small and medium diameters, used for the organization of water supply for domestic needs. If the diameter of the products is large, this method of connection is not rational, since it is quite expensive and less reliable at high loads. However, if you are installing plumbing in an apartment or a private house, these methods will suit you perfectly.

How to connect water pipes of different diameters: with a coupling without welding

It is possible to connect water pipes different diameter in many available ways.

Connection of metal pipes without welding and threads

The owners of not only private houses, but also apartments in modern high-rise buildings often faced with the need to connect metal pipes. To do this, you can use a variety of methods, materials and tools. The most widely used docking methods are threading and welding. But there are alternatives. After all, it is not always possible to conveniently get close to the problem area.

Any metal pipes can be connected without the use of welding machines and threading

Additional Arguments

rather high cost of welding. If only a few products need to be joined, it is not advisable to use professional welding equipment;
complexity of implementation. In fact, this factor applies to most construction works. It is no secret that they are often held in a cramped room with high humidity. In addition, there may be no power supply, the power of which will be sufficient for the operation of the welding machine. In this case, without knowledge of how pipes are connected without welding, the performer will not be able to cope with the task;
lack of mobility. The occurrence of a situation of increased danger, for example, a breakthrough or an accident, requires the fastest and most effective response. It will take a lot of time to invite a specialist with his welding equipment. If the situation is really extreme, the most negative consequences can be expected.

Types of fittings

To connect metal pipes without threading them and without welding, parts called "fitting" are used. Their classification is based on two main criteria.

Press fittings come in different shapes and configurations, this allows you to mount a system with turns and branches

The first is the equal size of the diameters of the joined pipes. In accordance with this criterion, fittings are:

straight. They are used to connect products with the same section size;
transitional. Used in cases where pipes of different diameters are joined.

The second criterion is purpose. Fittings are divided into:

corners and bends. They are installed when it is necessary to change the direction of pipelines at different angles of inclination;
tees. They are used to create branches from the main stream;
couplings. They are used to increase the length of a straight pipeline segment without threading and welding. This type is the simplest. However, it is the most sought after. The use of a coupling makes it easy to replace a piece of damaged pipe without having to replace the entire structure;
crosses. Such a connector provides the ability to divide the flow into several directions;
fittings. Provide connection of metal pipes with flexible bends;
adapters (futors, spurs, nipples). Such parts are used to connect different-sized pipes;
plugs, caps. Used to cover end holes.

According to the installation method, compression fittings are most widely used.

Important! Such fittings demonstrate high efficiency in the arrangement of street networks, as well as pipelines in apartments and private houses.

With the help of compression fittings, you can mount any system, including supply hot water and heating

Benefits of Compression Fittings

Compression fittings produced by modern industry for metal pipes are pressed and equipped with one or two ferrules. It is with their help that the connecting part is attached to the pipe. The rings are tightly pressed, so often when emergency press fittings will need to be cut and replaced with new ones. Seemingly not the best technical solution. However, most professionals who know how pipes are connected without welding and threading in other ways prefer press fittings. They explain their choice, first of all, by the fact that these parts can be installed in places where all other types of fittings simply cannot be mounted.

Among the advantages of crimp fittings, experts distinguish:

without welding and other additional work, absolute sealing of the working environment is achieved;
pipe connection is very reliable;
press fittings are characterized by a high rate of vibration fatigue.

Today, such parts are widely used in metrology, compressor and gas turbine equipment, for piping instrumentation and control devices, as well as in systems with high level working pressure.

Correct connection of pipes without welding and threads. Methods

The choice of method is determined by the type of products that are planned to be joined. Pipes are conditionally divided into the following categories:

The first type is cast iron pipes, steel, non-ferrous metal or PVC pipes. The second type is products made of polyethylene, polypropylene and metal-plastic.

A reliable connection can only be obtained if the fittings are produced by a well-known company that guarantees quality.

1. To connect two metal pipes without threading and welding, couplers are commonly used. They are equipped with special fasteners and are characterized by high strength due to the fact that they are made of hard materials. But these properties are inherent only in the products of world leaders in this segment of the sanitary market - manufacturers from Switzerland, Sweden and France. Couplings are used for joining pipes made of different material or different diameters.

2. Another option for connecting pipes without welding and threading is the use of flanges. These parts are equipped with a rubber gasket. The sequence of work is as follows:

The attachment section is cut off. The cut is strictly perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the pipe. It is not necessary to make a chamfer on the end.
A flange is put on the cut.
Then a rubber gasket is inserted so that it extends 8-10 centimeters beyond the edges of the cut.
After that, the dressed flange is connected to the counterpart, mounted in the same way on the second metal pipe.

Advice! Tighten bolts without excessive force. More than once there were facts that these fastening elements burst or fell off.

The answer to the question of how metal pipes are connected without welding using flanges will be incomplete without mentioning the following points:

It is not recommended to use multiple gaskets for one flange. This may cause a decrease in tightness;
in order to obtain a sealed joint, the nuts must be tightened not sequentially around the circumference, but in pairs located diametrically against each other;
for the water supply, a rag cardboard gasket impregnated with drying oil is used;
for heating pipes use a gasket made of asbestos cardboard;
bolts should not protrude from the nuts by more than half;
the outer diameter of the gasket should not touch the bolts, and the inner diameter should slightly exceed the diameter of the pipe itself.

The flange connection method is indispensable for large diameter pipes

Having learned how two pipes are connected without flange welding, you can properly equip the sewerage system and chimney, as well as the gas supply pipeline in a private house.

3. The connection with the Gebo coupling has also found wide application. This part is one of the varieties of compression fitting. With its help, the joining of metal pipes is carried out quickly enough, and without the use of any special tools. The Gebo coupling components are installed on the pipe in the following sequence:

The nut is put on first.
Then rings: clamping, clamping, sealing.
Then the coupling is put on halfway, and the nut is tightened.
The second part is connected to the fitting in the same sequence.

4. It is possible to connect two pipes without threading and welding using a repair and assembly clip. This fitting looks like a coupling or tee, consisting of two parts. The halves are tightened with bolts.

It should be noted that the main purpose of repair and assembly clips is to perform temporary repairs, for example, when cracks appear. In emergency cases, they can also be used for joining pipes. Installation is carried out as follows:

First of all, it is necessary to achieve absolute smoothness of the surface. To do this, the sections of the pipeline on which the fitting will be put on should be cleaned of irregularities formed by paint or rust;
then put on the pipe rubber compressor. Its cut is smeared with silicone sealant.
then both halves of the fitting must be put on the rubber seal and tightened with bolts.

Advice! Check that the coverage of the pipe with the sealant is complete.

A pipe clamp is an easy way to temporarily connect two pipes without welding.

As we see, this way is also extremely simple. The same principle is embedded in the connection with a clamp. The only difference is that it is not tightened from two sides, but only from one side. However, the use of clamps provides a more reliable connection than a repair and assembly clip.

Connection without thread and welding of shaped metal pipes

Most often, this procedure is performed using crab systems and clamps.

1. Crab systems. Such designs are connecting brackets with fasteners. Made from galvanized sheet metal 1.5 mm thick. The brackets are assembled from two halves by means of bolts and nuts. IN assembled they form a "T" -, "X" - or "L" -shaped element that can tightly wrap around the ends of several (up to four) pipes. In terms of strength, such fasteners are comparable to a welded joint. The use of crab systems provides an opportunity to assemble and disassemble complex frame structures in a short time.

Of the disadvantages of this method, it is worth highlighting:

elements can only be joined at an angle of 90 degrees;
it is impossible to use crab systems for products with a large cross section.

2. Mounting clamps. Using these parts, you can create structures of any degree of complexity, ranging from peaks and canopies, including racks and fences, and ending with greenhouses and animal enclosures. The main advantage of such fasteners is that the strength of the connection is close to welded, and assembly / disassembly of the structure is allowed repeatedly. Moreover, it can be done by a non-professional.

There are many methods for connecting metal pipes, alternative to threading and welding. Each is good in its own way. A choice should be made taking into account specific conditions. Some of them require skills and special equipment, while others can be implemented even by novice craftsmen.

Connection of pipes without welding and threads

Connection of pipes without welding and thread. Additional arguments. Types of fittings. Advantages of compression fittings. Correct connection pipes without welding and threads. Methods.