Chainsaw device and important rules for handling gasoline tools. Tips for the home master. How to use a chainsaw How to use a Stihl chainsaw

Many people buy chainsaws for the first time, having no experience with this tool. Despite this, in order to learn how to work with an instrument, there is no need to take special courses. After the purchase, there is a great desire to quickly test the tool in operation. To do this, be sure to first read the instruction manual for the tool, as well as safety precautions when working with a chainsaw. In the material, we will consider how to properly start a chainsaw, as well as work with it.

Every master who has a chainsaw should know how to start it correctly. Initially, it should be noted that in order to start the tool, it must be refueled. For this, not just gasoline is used, but a gasoline-oil mixture.

It's important to know! Pure gasoline for the operation of chainsaws cannot be refueled. It is necessary to fill only a mixture of gasoline with the appropriate oil for two-stroke engines.

First you need to figure out how to properly prepare the gasoline-oil mixture. These proportions are naturally indicated in the instructions, but since few people read them, this issue should be considered in detail.

AI92 and higher gasoline is used as fuel. You will also need to use the appropriate oil, which can be purchased at the same place where the chainsaw was bought. The proportion of gasoline and oil is 1 to 50, after mixing which must be thoroughly mixed. In this case, the mixture should be prepared in a separate container (plastic bottle), since it is not only convenient to store the prepared fuel mixture in it, but also convenient to fill it into the tool tank through the small diameter of the gas tank hatch.

The prepared mixture should be poured into the fuel tank, the lid of which is indicated as an image of a gas station. This is very important, since chainsaws have two similar tanks. The second tank is intended for filling oil, which is consumed to lubricate the bar and chain during the operation of the tool.

It's important to know! After refueling the gas tank, do not rush to start the tool. Be sure to also add oil to the oil tank to prevent overheating of the chain, which could result in damage to the chain.

As an oil for lubricating the chain, it is recommended to use special branded or engine oil for a car, but in no case should it be used. If you see how your neighbor fills mining in a chainsaw, then you should not repeat his mistakes, as this significantly reduces the life of not only the chain, but also the tool itself.

It is always necessary to control the level of oil and the fuel mixture in the tanks, but it is recommended that refueling be carried out according to the following scheme:

• The fuel-oil mixture is filled into the tank until it is full.
• At the same time, chain oil is also filled to the full.
• The consumption of oil and fuel mixture is approximately the same, so both tanks are recommended to be filled at the same time.

How to start a chainsaw: launch features

Once the tool is ready to run, you can proceed. The process of starting a chainsaw is as follows:

Having launched a chainsaw, you can begin to work on sawing wood.

It's important to know! The material describes the process of launching the tool, after which you can start working with it. Do not forget that if you bought a new chainsaw, then it should initially be run in.

How to operate a chainsaw

Working with a chainsaw is one of the most dangerous, so it is very important to control the position of the tire as far away from you as possible. Each subsequent action must be deliberate, otherwise the consequences in the form of serious injuries cannot be avoided. If you have to work with a chainsaw, then you should know the following features:

1. It is required to work only in appropriate overalls: a protective helmet, headphones, a suit, gloves and shoes. This will increase the security of the master several times.
2. You need to hold the tool exclusively with two hands, and take the appropriate position with your feet in the form of a reliable stop. Working while standing in an uncomfortable position is strictly prohibited.
3. Lean the tool against the wood with a moving chain at medium speed.
4. Sawing with the tip of the tire should be done with extreme caution, as the likelihood of kickback is quite high.
5. When working, remove from the sawing area all unnecessary objects that can cause imbalance.
6. If you are tired, then you need to muffle the instrument, allowing not only yourself, but also him to rest.
7. When working, the legs should be widely separated to the sides, and the back should be straight.
8. You can cut wood not only with the bottom of the tire, but also with the top, only it is important to know that the chain will lead in the appropriate direction.
9. When moving with a chainsaw to another place, the tool should be turned off or put on the handbrake.

The above features are also suitable for working with an electric saw. Work is best done in tandem with a partner who can not only insure, but also replace you when you get tired. After all, working with such a tool is not easy, because in addition to physical strength, quick wit is also required. Observing the above rules for working with a chainsaw, all types of manipulations performed will have a successful conclusion.

Chainsaw Care

Another important condition for working with the tool is to ensure proper care for it. After completing the work, you should not leave the chainsaw at the workplace until the next time. It is necessary to clean it of sawdust and debris, periodically check the chain tension, as well as the fullness of the gas tank and oil tank. It is also important to watch for air filter clogging.

It is not recommended to store a chainsaw with fuel for a long time, so it is better to drain it. It is necessary to replace the chain, bar and drive sprocket in a timely manner, as these are elements that wear out quickly.

In conclusion, it is important to note that over time, the chain tends to stretch, which results in the fact that it cannot be tensioned. If you observe this property, then it is not recommended to continue to operate the tool until the cutting tool breaks at all or jumps off the tire. If a person is not confident in his abilities, then it is better not to take on sawing trees of large diameter.

In any situation, one should not forget that a chainsaw is a source of danger. Be sure to read the operating instructions for the chainsaw before using it for the first time. Many users prefer to focus on many years of experience with this technique and do not use the manual at all. You should not read the instructions after something has happened to the chainsaw, it is best to think about it in advance and protect yourself in advance.

Power saw device

Chainsaws "Ural", "Druzhba" and "Druzhba-Altai" consist of such main components as the engine, clutch, gearbox, saw unit, frame with handles and starter controls.

The main components of the engine are the cylinder, crankcase, crankshaft with connecting rod, cooling system, piston, ignition and power system.
The clutch includes a drive disk, on the rim of which there are two cut cast-iron rings, and a driven disk with a rim in the form of the letter "G".

The reducer is represented by a housing and two bevel gears: driven and driven, which are mounted on ball bearings in the housing. The frame consists of a rack and a steering wheel with handles, which are interconnected by a vibration damping device, which consists of a hinge and a spring.

The saw unit is represented by a saw chain and a bar. The power system includes components such as a gas tank, a crane and a carburetor. The supply of fuel from the gas tank to the carburetor with the valve open is carried out through the gas pipeline by gravity. The engine is started by a removable starter, consisting of a pin, brakes, ratchet, bolts, roller, drum, housing, cable, spring, handle and bushing.

Working with a chainsaw

All buyers of petrol saws want to test their purchase in real conditions as soon as possible. Remember that you should not start the chainsaw without a saw set and preliminary adjustment of the tire, chain and sprocket - the drive wheel. There is a possibility that the clutch may burn out with constant pressing of the damper button.

Just before intensive work, it is necessary that the tire, sprocket and chain get used to each other. And you need to break in the engine itself, while emptying the entire fuel tank and applying little effort. Do not break in the saw at idle, as this may cause increased engine wear.

Turn the ignition switch to the working position before starting the chainsaw, pump gasoline into the carburetor, pull out the choke and pull the pull starter with a strong jerk. If you spin the engine with a sluggish pull starter, then the probability of filling the candle increases, and attempts to start the engine will be reduced to zero. In this case, the candle must be unscrewed and heated so that all the vapor of the fuel mixture evaporates under heating.

The main points of work in the operating instructions for the Ural chainsaw, friendship, goodluck and others are as follows:

1. The chainsaw must be held with both hands, clasp the chainsaw handle with all fingers. Place your thumb on your left hand under the front handle.
2. When working with a chainsaw, you must stand to the side of this tool; you cannot stand directly behind it.
3. For sawing, it is customary to use the lower and upper edges of the chainsaw. If you prefer to cut with the top edge, then the chainsaw goes towards you, otherwise - away from you.
4. If possible, keep your back straight when working with a chainsaw. It is preferable to bend your legs at the knees. To maintain balance, it is advisable to spread your legs wider.
5. It is very dangerous to move around with a running chainsaw. When crossing between sawing places, it is necessary to turn off the chainsaw for safety reasons and put on the brake.
6. It is better to start sawing with the edge of the tire, which is located closer to the body of the chainsaw.
7. If you plan to use your chainsaw often, then it is advisable to re-read the instruction manual for the Husqvarna chainsaw, friendship, ural, etc. and purchase special protective clothing: a protective jacket with ventilation, a helmet with a mask, special trousers with protection against saw cuts, boots with protective steel plates and durable gloves.

Seasonal use

Two-stroke internal combustion engines require special attention during the change of seasons of operation. When using a gasoline-powered saw with a window temperature below 0 degrees, you need to warm up the carburetor itself, since the fuel mixture can crystallize, while increasing the viscosity of the mixture. The saw itself in this case must adapt to a similar temperature regime.

If the chainsaw is kept in an unheated building, in which it is less than zero degrees Celsius, it is undesirable to bring it immediately into a room where the air temperature rises above 0 ° C, otherwise condensation may form, which will lead to malfunctions of the equipment and other negative consequences.

fuel mixture

All saws are equipped with 2-stroke internal combustion engines. There are two tanks: for the fuel mixture and oil. The volume of the tank in the usual case is about 0.3-1 liter, and the vessel for oil, as a rule, is 2 times smaller. These proportions lead to the fact that after the fuel mixture in the tank has ended, the oil is almost equally consumed.

A chainsaw with a two-stroke engine, according to the instruction manual for a chainsaw friendship, Ural, Goodluck, Calm, Hustkvarna, is usually refueled with a mixture, and not with gasoline, which contains oil and gasoline in certain proportions. The process of preparing the fuel mixture for such engines is very important, so do not neglect the requirements of manufacturers for its manufacture. In a two-stroke engine, friction parts are lubricated, unlike a four-stroke engine, due to the fuel mixture, in which a certain part of the oil is present.

In two-stroke engines, an oil pump system cannot be used; it is customary to add oil to gasoline. Before direct filling of the fuel mixture, it is recommended to shake it thoroughly. For chainsaws, as a rule, a fuel mixture is prepared from oil and gasoline. It will take 40 milliliters of oil and 1000 milliliters of gasoline. Mix the mixture thoroughly before pouring into the fuel tank.

When making a mixture for a chainsaw, it is recommended to use only branded oils. The suggested brands of oil that should be used to prepare the mixture are indicated in the instructions. It is forbidden to use two-stroke oils for low-speed engines.
Gasoline is best used unleaded. The octane number of gasoline must be at least 90. The finished fuel mixture must be stored for no more than 1.5 months. The use of the old mixture will certainly cause the engine to fail.

To lubricate the chain, you can use any pure oils or branded special ones. For a domestic chainsaw, the 76th gasoline is suitable; for an imported one, it is better to take the 92nd and higher. Do not use used oil or oils with low viscosity - spindle, industrial and transformer oils to lubricate the chain. Before starting the chainsaw, it must be removed from the place where refueling took place, in order to avoid ignition.

Running in a chainsaw

Before using any imported chainsaw, it is required to pre-run it. On the one hand, it is needed to extend the life of the engine, because moving parts during the break-in period must first run in to each other. In addition, during the break-in, you will be able to acquire certain skills in working with a gasoline-powered saw. This is important for those users who read the instruction manual for the Makita chainsaw for the first time, friendship, ural, calm and work with a chainsaw.

The chainsaw must be run in with a minimum load on the engine in a cyclic mode of operation: sawing lasts 1-1.5 minutes, then idling for 15-20 seconds. The motor will gain maximum power after ten full tank refills. You can not run the engine at idle, because the formation of a large amount of soot provokes the occurrence of piston rings or the failure of the spark plug.

Preparing the chainsaw for work

Check the chainsaw first for chain tension, which should be adjusted, chain slack is unacceptable. Poor chain tension can wear out the tire and sprocket faster than expected, greatly increase the load on the saw body and prematurely disable the shock absorbers.

The chainsaw chain should not touch hard objects, turn on the chain brake, move the brake handle away from you so that the chain does not rotate ahead of time. Pull the choke lever out, this can be done when the engine is cold. Slip your toe into the rear handle. Pull out the starter cord by pulling on the handle until the chainsaw sneezes.

After that, start the chainsaw and move the air damper to the working position. Step on the gas and move the chainsaw to idle. Pull the brake lever towards you to return it to its original position. Now the chainsaw is ready to work!

Check the tool brake before starting work. Next is to install the saw on a flat and hard surface and press the throttle. Do not release the chainsaw handle, press the handle and apply the brake. The brake will be considered OK when the chainsaw chain is stopped.

Before you start the chainsaw, you should definitely check the presence of chain oil in the reservoir. In the absence of lubrication at high speed, problems with the chain and bar may occur. You can check the presence of lubrication during operation. With the chainsaw running at high speeds, it is necessary to direct the tire onto clean paper. If the lubricant is flowing normally, a streak of oil will be visible on the sheet.

How to cut down trees

Just before felling a tree, it is necessary to read other chain saws and determine where it will fall. Look at the number of branches, and where the main ones are facing, it is worth considering the direction of the wind and the natural slope of the trunk. It is necessary to bring down the trunk in the direction where it is more convenient for it to fall. Cut off the lower branches of the tree right before felling.

Depending on the thickness of the tree and other features, there are several methods for felling a tree; only professional lumberjacks select the most optimal solution. Before felling a tree, you should make sure that it will not damage anything after falling.

Stand from the trunk of a fallen tree on the left, cut the branches from it, move from the bottom of the trunk. Try not to use the nose of the chainsaw, work slowly. Lean the chainsaw against your hip or tree trunk and use all parts of the bar for sawing. Lay the chain saw on its side, with all the weight on the trunk, cut the branches from the top of the trunk. When the branches are cut from above and from the sides, the trunk can be turned over and sawed off the rest.

At the same time, remember that at a certain position of the tree, which rests on one branch, the trunk may move or roll when it is cut. With thick and large branches, it is necessary to saw off in parts, moving from its end. If the branch is too thick, then it may need to be filed from several sides.

When you sawed off all the branches from the trunk, you can start sawing the trunk - its bucking. Bucking must be started from the trunk to the top. If the trunk is located on an inclined plane, then when bucking it is forbidden to stand below the tree trunk. If the chain saw is stuck in the barrel, then it must be removed immediately. Stop the engine and tilt the barrel until you can remove the chainsaw.

Chainsaw Care

Power saws should be kept under a canopy or in open areas. Before putting the tool into storage, it must be cleaned of sawdust and dirt, the fuel must be drained from the tank, the saw chain removed and placed in oil. Open places that are exposed to corrosion must be lubricated with a layer of oil. A chainsaw for long-term storage must be mothballed.

After working with a chain saw, you must do the following:

• Check chainsaw tension and lubrication. If the oil runs out, you need to add it to the tank and tighten the chain if it is loose. Let the tool rest and cool down a bit, then fill the saw with gasoline.
• Do not forget to check the air filter, which can become clogged with chips and sawdust during operation. Therefore, it must be removed, blown and washed in time. If necessary, clean the filter from dirt.
• After every hour that the chainsaw has been running, the driven sprocket of the tire must be lubricated and immersed in heated oil.
• After 25 hours of operation, dust must be removed from the cylinder windows, combustion chamber, piston grooves, rings and piston crown.

Engine starting

It is necessary to carefully read the operating instructions for the stihl chainsaw, friendship, calm, ural, especially the sections that relate to starting a cold and hot engine. The principle of starting the engine is the same in all saws. The differences are only in the placement of the controls for the chainsaw - the choke lever and the STOP button.

With separate controls

Start a cold engine in the following way:

• move the switch to the "on" position;
• pull the choke lever all the way;
• move the choke lever to the middle position (choke is open, the position of the increased idling remains on);
• repeat the startup procedure;
• after starting the engine, immediately press and release the gas trigger - the choke lever will automatically move to the working position.

You need to start a warm engine like this:

• turn the switch to the "on" position;
• pull the choke lever out to failure, then move it to the middle position, or do not touch it and leave it in the traditional idle position;
• perform the procedure for starting the engine;
• when the choke lever is in the position of increased idling, after starting the engine, press the gas trigger and release it;
• the engine can be stopped by moving the switch to position 0 (off).

With combined controls

You can start a cold engine in the following sequence:

• simultaneously press the gas trigger lever and move the damper control shaft to the lowest position, the air damper in this case is completely closed;
• pull the starter cord handle several times until the first flash in the fuel engine;
• move the control shaft to the middle position;
• repeat the procedure for starting the engine;
• after starting the engine, press and release the gas trigger, the control shaft in this case automatically switches to working position I.

Starting a warm engine according to the operating instructions for a Stihl chainsaw and any other gasoline-powered tool is carried out as follows:

• move the control shaft to the normal idle position;
• start the engine;
• press and release the throttle trigger with the shaft in the high idle position.

Rules for safe work

• It is strictly forbidden to work with an unadjusted and faulty chain saw.
• When starting the engine, do not wind the cable around your hand.
• When starting the engine, the chain should not touch any objects.
• To avoid chainsaw breakage and accidents when felling a falling tree, do not cut through the tree. You should leave 3-4 centimeters of underdrink.
• Switch off the chain when moving from one tree to another.
• Work on installing the chainsaw chain and adjusting its tension level should be carried out with the engine off, wearing a protective helmet and gloves.
• After refueling the chainsaw with oil and fuel, carefully remove any remaining oil and fuel from its surface, wipe it dry.
• It is forbidden to fell a tree over which another hangs, as well as to fell heavily overhanging or tilted trees in view of the danger of such an operation for the life of sawflies.
• When felling a tree, only the sawyer and his assistant can stay at the chainsaw, other people must be at least 50 meters away from the working tool. The assistant warns the sawyer with a voice or a signal about the beginning of the fall of the tree.
• Before the end of sawing, the sawyer with an assistant should carefully monitor the direction of the fall of the tree, moving quickly to the side with the saw, but not against the butt of the tree.
• Crossings through a moving chain are prohibited. In the event of a run or open circuit, immediately release the gas and turn off the engine. The saw chain may only be put on the bar when the engine is not running.
• When refueling a chainsaw according to the operating instructions for a huskvarna, goodluck, ural, calm and other chainsaws, it is forbidden to smoke.
• It is strictly forbidden to refuel a chainsaw at a distance of less than 20 meters from an open flame.
• The carburetor should be adjusted so as to provide the least contamination of the exhaust gas inhalation zone, and stable idle engine speed, at which the saw chain does not move along the tire.
• When moving over a long distance, the chainsaw engine should be turned off and tightly closed with a special cover.
• Felling trees with a gasoline-powered saw must be carried out exclusively in a prepared cutting area, where dangerous hanging and dead trees have been removed.

And finally, remember that a chainsaw is a rather complicated device, so any mechanism can fail. An important role is played by the location near the service center and the availability of a guarantee for the chainsaw.

Chainsaws help to quickly and efficiently clear the space of trees, build log cabins or harvest wood raw materials. But in order to work correctly and safely with this tool, it is useful to know what is inside it.

How a chainsaw works

The chainsaw device is not too complicated. The main elements of its design:

• ignition system;
• carburetor;
• fuel system;
• air purification system.

Let's talk about each of them in more detail.

Ignition system

In the ignition system of modern chainsaws, there are elements that, depending on the speed of the saw, regulate the impulse. Most manufacturers today equip their equipment with electronic ignition instead of contact.

The electronic ignition system consists of the following elements:

• magneto;
• candle;
• the electronic unit;
• wiring;
• engine start button.

Magneto is a type of alternator. It supplies electrical energy to the spark plug. Any magneto consists of a coil with a core and high-voltage windings, a flywheel and a permanent type magnet. Magneto are either contact or non-contact.

The contact magneto has two winding leads. The first goes to the spark plug, the second goes to the ground. A capacitor can be connected to such a circuit so that the contacts do not overheat and oxidize.

In a non-contact magneto, the voltage supply regulator is a coil. The thyristor, diode and capacitor regulate the amount of current. The electrical network functions in time with the translational movement of the cylinders and the rotation of the crankshaft. However, the scheme for connecting all parts of a non-contact magneto to each other depends on the saw model.

The ignition works like this:

• a magnet attached to the flywheel rotates with it and induces an electromotive force in the system;
• a current arises in the circuit, which is converted by the electronic unit into electrical signals;
• signals are transmitted to the candle;
• a spark is formed between the contacts of the candle, from which the fuel-air mixture ignites.

In any ignition, a spark is formed when the engine piston does not reach its "dead center" by about 3-4 mm.

The candle consists of a body, an insulator and electrodes: central and lateral. By its condition, it is possible to visually determine ignition malfunctions.

See » The main rules for running in a saw set and a chainsaw engine

After the ignition of the fuel mixture, the engine starts to work. From time to time the entire ignition system needs to be adjusted.

Carburetor

On most models of chainsaws, carburetors are arranged in the same way.

They have a shutter in the body. With its help, both screws (main and idle), diffuser, impulse channel and inlet fitting are regulated. The damper also regulates the supply of atmospheric air.

Understanding how a carburetor works will help you make proper adjustments. It works like this:

• the engine starts, the air damper opens in the lower part of the housing;
• a vacuum occurs inside the float chamber and in the air channel because the piston moves;
• air is sucked in through the diffuser;
• fuel mixture enters the float chamber from the gasoline tank through the fitting;
• in the diffuser, gasoline is mixed with air;
• The air-fuel mixture enters the combustion chamber through the intake ports.

With the help of a damper, you can adjust the intensity of air entering the fuel, with the help of screws - adjust the engine speed, with the help of a jet - the speed of gasoline entering the diffuser.

Fuel system

It consists of a fuel filter, a carburetor and a manual type fuel pump. At the same time, not all chainsaws have a pump: in some models, gasoline from the tank enters the carburetor assembly simply through a hose. The end of the hose with the fuel filter is immersed in gasoline, and gasoline stops flowing into the carburetor assembly when the tank is filled with air. To avoid this, a breather is attached to the tank cap: when it gets dirty, the engine stalls.

The manual type fuel pump allows you to pre-fill the carburetor compartment with fuel, so the engine starts faster.

Chainsaws are equipped with a pre-filter and a fine filter system to ensure that the gas used to make up the fuel-air mixture is of good quality.

The air is pre-filtered by a mesh filter, then by fine filters.

Due to clogged filters, less air enters the carburetor assembly. As a result, the power of the motor drops. To prevent this, the filters must be constantly cleaned: blown or rinsed.

See » TOP-2 models of Japanese chainsaws of the Hitachi brand (Hitachi)

Starter

The starter starts the chainsaw motor. The starter mechanism consists of a handle, a cable, a drum and a return spring.

If you sharply pull the handle with the torso, the drum will engage with the shaft, the shaft will begin to scroll. The spring will help return the handle to its original position. In order for the rotation of the shaft to be followed by the start of the motor, it will be necessary to pull the handle more than once.

Chain

Chain pitch - the intermediate distance between three rivets located side by side.

The larger the chain pitch, the greater the power of the engines, and its performance, and the efforts made to increase the rotation of the drive sprocket.

But chains with a small pitch (more teeth and less distance between them) vibrate less, their movements are smoother when cutting, and the cut is cleaner.

Tire

Chainsaw tires vary in length. Bar length - the length of the working part, that is, the distance from the front of the saw to the rounded tip of the nose of the bar. As a rule, the length of the tire is indicated in the instructions.

But the reliability of a saw bar is determined not only by its own characteristics, but also by other details. For example, an asterisk. If the sprocket with a replaceable crown is made of durable materials, the tire will last a long time. Thanks to the replaceable crown, the level of runout is reduced many times over.

In order for the tire to wear the most evenly, it must be turned over periodically, then the service life will increase.

Brake

If the chain accidentally touches the tree while it is spinning, it will kick back. In this case, for safety reasons, the brake must be applied.

The brake system of the saw consists of a brake stop and a brake band. There are two ways to turn on the system: contact (the brake stop presses the worker's hand) and inertial (with a sharp blow to the tire, inertial forces arise that act on the brake).

Chain lubrication system

In modern chainsaws, the chain and bar are automatically lubricated. There is no oil supply at idle, since the oil pumps only start working after the sprocket has rotated and the gear has started to move. The more revolutions of the sprocket, the more oil flows from the pump to the chain. The pump is installed from the side of the chain, oil enters it from the oil tank through the oil pipeline.

After buying a chainsaw, the owner can not wait to try it out as soon as possible.

It is good if he already has the skills to maintain and safely operate this tool. If there is no such experience, then one should not rush with the first launch.

Spending a little time learning how to prepare a chainsaw for work, understanding how to handle it safely, you will protect yourself from injury and extend the life of your mechanical assistant.

Tips on how to properly use a chainsaw are divided into four groups:

1. Training.
2. Launch.
3. Work practices and safety precautions.
4. Service.

In this order, we will consider them in our article.

Tool preparation

A chainsaw is a motorized tool based on a two-stroke internal combustion engine. It cannot run on pure gasoline, so a gasoline-oil mixture must be prepared to start.

Its proportion is simple: for 1 liter of gasoline of a brand not lower than A92 (for expensive imported chainsaws, a brand not lower than A95) we take 20 grams of special engine oil for chainsaws. In the instructions, this proportion is designated 1:50. Having mixed fuel and oil in a plastic container, open the filler neck and fill the tank with a combustible mixture.

For beginners, we advise you to be careful not to confuse the fuel filler neck with the chain oil filler neck. On some models of chainsaws, they are both located on the same side of the body. You can distinguish them by a special marking applied next to the hole. You will see a gas station icon on the fuel filler neck. A drop symbol is applied next to the oil filler neck.

Good chain lubrication is an important condition for the quality operation of the chainsaw and the long life of the saw bar. The chainsaw operating instructions recommend using only the manufacturer's branded oil. In addition to it, it is allowed to fill in high-quality automotive engine oil with a viscosity of W30-W40. We do not recommend using dirty mining and other oil surrogates to lubricate the chain.

The mark to which chain oil is filled into the tank is always located near the filler neck. When working with a chainsaw, do not forget to periodically glance at it so as not to miss the moment of replenishing the tank. In addition to the saw chain, occasionally (once a month) the bar bearing located on its outer end part should be lubricated. Some tires have a special hole there, into which a few drops of oil are sprayed with a syringe. Refueling the saw should only be done on a horizontal hard surface.

chainsaw start

After filling the fuel mixture and chain lubrication, you can proceed to the second stage - starting the chainsaw. Here you will also need the manufacturer's instructions.

It briefly and clearly describes the main stages of this operation:

1. Checking the chain tension (pull the upper middle links) . If they give in with some effort, it means that the chain is tight enough. If the saw chain sags, then you need to use the tensioning mechanism and tighten it.
2. Pulling the chain along the bar . Under normal tension, it rotates easily. If you overtighten the chain, then you need to loosen it a little. Along the way, we look at the position of the chain brake (a wide plastic shield next to the front handle). It must be turned on (pressed forward from the front handle that holds the saw). At idle, when the engine is warming up, we don't need the chain to turn. So we put it on the brakes.
3. Set up the chainsaw on a level surface . Hold the front handle with your left hand. We put our right foot on the rear handle, turn on the ignition button, push the throttle and sharply pull the starter handle several times. As soon as the engine gives the first “flash”, we close the throttle and again sharply pull the starter handle until the engine starts.
4. Disengage the chain brake, making sure that there are no foreign objects under the saw chain , which she can pick up, and press the gas a couple of times to warm up the tool.
5. Check the supply of lubrication to the chain. To do this, we bring the saw to any light object (a sheet of paper, a board, a cut of a stump). If a trace of oil appears on it, then the lubricant is supplied to the chain in sufficient quantities.

The starting procedure described above is carried out on a cold engine. If the saw has already worked for some time and was muffled, then its start-up is done by the starter handle without using the throttle.

Rules of work and safety precautions

A chainsaw is a dangerous tool. This fact should not cause panic fear. It is designed to encourage the owner to constantly monitor their actions during work.

So, what does safety require when working with a chainsaw?

First, do not spare the money to buy a set of workwear (gloves, a protective helmet, a suit and special shoes). It will become a reliable protection against damage.

In particular, gloves for such saws protect fingers well from injury. Their fabric, upon contact with the chain, wraps around it and blocks it, saving fingers from sharp teeth. A protective helmet will prevent wood chips from damaging your eyes and protect your head from falling branches.

The lumberjack's shoes are equipped with steel plates. In the event of an unexpected rebound of the saw, they take on the cutting blow.

Second, don't hold the saw straight ahead of you. Hold it so that your feet are on the side of the cut line.

Third, hold the saw firmly with all fingers wrapped around the handles. In this case, the right hand must be kept on the back handle, and the left hand on the front.

These three basic rules need to be supplemented with other equally important points:

• Carefully insert the running saw into the cut you have made.
• Beware of sawing with the tip of the bar (high chance of kickback).
• Remove from the work area all foreign objects that can trip and fall.
• When cutting, do not lean too low to avoid losing your balance.
• Do not work holding the chainsaw above your shoulders.
• Do not hold the tool too far away from you so that your back and arms do not strain and get tired during long work.
• The back should always be kept straight and the legs wide apart.
• The cut can be made on both sides of the bar. It should be borne in mind that when cutting with the lower edge, the chain pulls the saw forward, and when working with the upper part, it pulls the saw back.
• Before moving the saw to a new place of work, stop the engine or put the brake on the chain (idle).

A good rule of thumb is not to work alone, but with a partner who can provide first aid.

Before cutting a tree, you need to stand to the right of it and perform a notch (at an angle of 45 degrees to a depth of no more than ¼ of the trunk diameter). The saw cut is made from the side of the fall of the tree (the direction of the natural inclination of the trunk). After that, a horizontal undercut is made on the other side - the main felling cut. It is not brought to an inclined notch by a few centimeters so that the tree does not collapse ahead of time (Figures 1 and 2).

To avoid clamping the saw bar in the main cut, a wooden wedge is inserted into it.

Rice. No. 1 scheme for cutting the barrel with a chainsaw
Rice. No. 2 (1, 2 - upper and lower notches, 3 - main felling cut)

When working, you need to monitor where the barrel moves. This rule will help you avoid serious injury if the barrel falls in an unplanned direction.

When the tree begins to fall, you need to quickly remove the saw from the cut, turn off its engine and leave the work area.

Having knocked down a tree, one should not relax, since statistics fixes the main number of injuries precisely at the stage of pruning branches.

To perform this job safely, follow these rules:

• fix the barrel with linings so that it does not move or roll;
• stand to the left of the fallen tree, and start cutting from the lower branches;
• cut thick branches, starting from their end and gradually moving towards the trunk.

If the chainsaw is stuck while sawing a fallen tree, do not pull it to try to remove it. First, turn off the motor and use thick levers to try to raise or tilt the trunk to widen the cut.

Tool maintenance

This is an indicator of the professionalism of the owner. If timely and high-quality care is organized for the chainsaw, then it will work reliably and for a long time.

After finishing work, the tool must be cleaned of sawdust and debris. Don't forget to check the chain tension and oil level. Proper maintenance of the chainsaw involves regularly checking the condition of the air filter. If you do not monitor its cleanliness, then you are guaranteed problems with starting.

The chain, the tire and its drive sprocket wear out the fastest on this tool. Therefore, their condition also needs to be constantly monitored.

If there is fuel left in the tank, then it must be drained into a separate container. The manufacturer's instructions recommend producing the prepared mixture within 2-3 weeks.

A chainsaw greatly simplifies the process of sawing wood, but it is worth remembering that this tool is a source of possible accidents. When buying a new tool, the chainsaw instruction manual is mandatory in the kit. It must be studied by everyone who first starts working using this tool. This will not only prevent the occurrence of breakdowns during improper operation, but also eliminate the possibility of accidents.

Chainsaws, regardless of the model, have common nodes that may differ in shape and configuration:

• engine;
• clutch;
• reducer;
• saw machine;
• directly frame and starter controls.

Getting started with a chainsaw

Most men immediately after buying a chainsaw want to test it in practice, while forgetting to read the user manual. Manufacturers strongly recommend that you initially read the instructions, which will help you set up the tool and bring it to working condition. Otherwise, there is a high probability that the tool will receive irreparable damage during the first use.

Before starting the first work with the tool, you need to set up the bar, chain and sprocket. All these elements must work together. When using the saw for the first time, it is very important to break in the engine, for this it is worth emptying one tank. It is important not to load the saw, but it is also not worth doing idle turns. Such actions can result in significant engine wear.

The first thing it starts with is bringing the tool into the on mode. Before starting the tool, it is worth pumping up a little fuel into the carburetor. Then you should pull out the choke and pull the starter with a sharp jerk. If the starter jerks are not sharp, but sluggish, there is a chance to fill the candles, and all subsequent attempts to start the chainsaw will be reduced to zero. If this happens, it is necessary to pull out the candle and warm it up, as a result of which all vapors of the fuel mixture will evaporate.

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1. It is very important to hold the tool with both hands, firmly holding on to the handle. In this case, the thumb of the left hand should be located under the front handle.
2. When performing work, do not stand behind the tool. The worker should position himself to the side of the appliance.
3. Sawing is carried out by the upper or lower edge of the saw. If the cut is made with the upper edge, then the saw is moving towards the worker, and this is very important to consider during work.
4. When working, it is better to stand with a flat back and legs half-bent at the knees, this position will provide maximum balance.
5. Moving with the tool turned on is extremely dangerous, so if there is a need to go to another place, the tool should be turned off or put on the brake.
6. It is worth starting the cut with the edge of the tire located closer to the body.

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Chainsaw operation at different times of the year

The two-wheel internal combustion engine that powers the chainsaw requires some care in different seasons. If work is carried out outside in winter and the temperature is below zero, it is very important to warm up the carburetor. This is necessary because the fuel at such low temperatures can crystallize, making the mixture more viscous. Warming up the carburetor allows the saw to adapt to such a temperature regime.

It is also worth paying attention to a sharp change in temperature. If the instrument has been stored in a cold place, do not abruptly bring it into a warm room, as condensation will immediately form. This accumulation of moisture inside the tool can cause negative consequences associated with the phenomenon of corrosion.