Typical technological map for the installation of wall formwork. Volumetric formwork in monolithic construction. Safety and labor protection. environmental and fire safety

One of the first stages in the construction of structures for various purposes is the installation of formwork. Often this process goes unnoticed. But already at the stage of preparation for pouring, it becomes clear that not everything is as simple as it was thought at first. Assemble the frame will help installation instructions formwork.

Formwork types

There are three types of construction:

Removable, which is dismantled after the solution has completely dried. Such a formwork is assembled from separate parts. The result is a collapsible structure that can be dismantled and reused. Among the advantages of this type of formwork are ease of installation, the ability to reuse, which significantly reduces the financial costs of construction.

Fixed, respectively, one that is not dismantled. Installation of formwork of this type is carried out mainly from expanded polystyrene or polystyrene. It remains part of the structure under construction. And at the same time it acts as a heater.

"Floating" formwork is typical for the construction monolithic foundation which is immersed in the ground. It is a shield assembled from boards, which is slightly higher in height than the planned concrete structure. The shield is lowered into the pit and attached to its walls. Cardboard or roofing material is rolled on top of it.

There are also several types depending on the purpose:

Wall formwork. Its installation is carried out for the construction vertical structures and walls.

Horizontal, which is used for mounting the foundation and floors.

Curved, which allows you to fill in details of unusual shapes.

Mounting and dismantling of formwork of each type has its own characteristics. You need to know them to get the job done right.

Advantages of fixed formwork

Installation of fixed formwork involves the purchase of a ready-made set for the work. It remains only to assemble the structure and install it. This implies a number of advantages that formwork of this type has:

short terms of performance of works;

ease of installation;

low weight of the structure;

resistance to the appearance of fungus and mold;

fire safety;

small cost.

Also fixed formwork is at the same time a layer of insulation and is a block of foam, which are easily connected to each other. The inner wall is thinner than the outer one. This achieves high level thermal insulation.

Construction of fixed formwork

Finished shields are attached to the corner bars with self-tapping screws or nails. Fastening must be secure. When the concrete expands, the pressure on the shield will increase, which can lead to cracking of the boards. The main thing is that the bar itself remains with outer side. Parallel assembled structure going another row in the distance future wall. As a result, you should get a frame around the entire perimeter.

A layer of crushed stone or sand is poured into the finished formwork box. This will protect the solution from moisture loss, which will go into the ground. Formwork installation technology provides protection against the flow of mortar through the existing holes. To do this, the shields are covered with a film or roofing felt, which are fastened with screws or staples using a stapler.

All work must be carried out taking into account the level. It is very important. At each stage, the evenness of the structure in height, length and vertical is checked (especially important). Two rows of shields must run strictly parallel to each other.

The main elements of the formwork

Removable formwork, which is assembled independently, consists of the following elements:

The deck, which is a flat shield, is the enclosure of the entire form. The structure must be strong enough to withstand the pressure of the solution. Therefore, it is made of plywood or edged boards 4-5 cm thick.

Scaffolding that is the support of the structure. They hold the walls, preventing the solution from squeezing out the deck. Scaffolding is made from pine bars or boards (2.5-5 cm).

Fasteners are all the details with which all structural elements are twisted: wire, clamps, ties, hardware, and so on.

The deck is most often assembled from boards 15 cm wide, which are connected in several rows using nails (driven in from the inside, bent from the outside) or self-tapping screws (they are twisted with inside). The distance between the boards should not exceed 3 mm. Shields are fastened together with additional slats.

A simpler deck manufacturing option is to use moisture-resistant plywood 1.8-2.1 cm thick.

Formwork installation

The frame will be installed evenly and level if the site is properly prepared in advance. It is marked with the help of cords stretched between the pegs. Fall asleep and thicken sand cushion. If necessary, a pit is prepared.

Formwork installation takes place in the following sequence:

The perimeter should be marked with vertical guides ( wooden blocks, metal corners or pipes).

It is required to place ready-made shields along the guides, maintaining the required distance between them (it is equal to the required thickness of the foundation).

Firmly fix the deck. Support it from the outside with inclined bars (1 brace for each meter of deck).

Connect the shields to each other with 5x5 cm bars.

Cover the inner side of the formwork with a film (roofing material).

Foundations up to 20 cm high do not require serious construction. For them, bars driven into the ground are enough.

Installation of wall formwork

More difficult is the process of erecting wall formwork. At the same time, small-panel and large-panel formwork are distinguished.

The first option is suitable for the construction of small buildings ( country houses, utility buildings) and partitions between rooms. In this case, small-sized plywood shields are used.

The installation of large-panel formwork is typical for the construction of buildings with a large height. For work use sheets of metal or large sheets plywood.

For the installation of walls, a foundation is prepared, into which reinforcement is stuck. A two-row formwork frame is assembled around it. When using ordinary plywood, the joints are coated with glue or sealant. Currently, there is a special formwork plywood on the market. Its individual sheets are connected according to the tenon-groove principle, which does not require additional sealing.

Types of floors

The installation of the ceiling formwork depends on the type of ceiling itself. There are the following types of structures:

On big bowls. It is used for structures with high height. In this case, vertical racks, jacks, inserts, crossbars and other elements are used to connect individual parts.

On blade scaffolds that are used for multi-storey buildings. Scaffolding is installed instead of plywood boards.

On scaffolding of cup type. This view provides for the installation of the frame. Racks are interconnected by the cup method.

On telescopic bowls. Suitable in cases where the ceiling height is less than 4.6 m. It is based on tripods that support the entire structure. From above boards from moisture resistant plywood keep within.

Formwork for overlapping

Currently the most commonly used monolithic overlap. Using his example, we will analyze the process of mounting the formwork.

For formwork, vertical racks are used, interconnected by crossbars. They are attached at right angles to the bars running in the transverse direction. A plywood shield is laid on these transverse bars, which is the bottom of the formwork.

To perform these works, the following materials are used:

stand - timber with a cross section of 12-15 cm;

crossbar and transverse beam - edged board 16-18 cm wide and 5 cm thick;

braces - a board 3 cm thick;

flooring - moisture resistant 1.8 cm thick.

Before starting work, you must accurate calculations. It is important to determine required amount racks, the step of their placement and other indicators.

Slab Formwork Assembly Instructions

The work instruction includes the following steps:

Longitudinal bars are attached to the upper part of the racks, the second end of which is fixed on the wall.

The second row is assembled in the same way. To do this, a board 5 cm thick is laid under the supports.

Cross bars are laid in increments of 60 cm.

Install support racks (strictly vertically).

Racks are interconnected by braces.

Sheets of plywood are laid on the transverse bars, leaving no gaps.

The ends of the overlap are protected by masonry of blocks or bricks.

The frame is assembled from reinforcement. At the same time, they leave, if necessary, space for communications.

When all work is completed, concrete can be poured. The formwork is removed after 3 weeks.

Conclusion

Installation of formwork of each type involves the use of certain materials. If boards are used, they must be new. Rotten old boards can not withstand the load and break. Plywood must be moisture resistant or laminated.

All work must be carried out in accordance with the calculations made. This is especially important for the installation of formwork for floors and walls.

TYPICAL TECHNOLOGICAL CARD

ROUTING
FOR INSTALLATION AND DISASSEMBLY OF THE FORMWORK OF A MONOLITHIC FLOOR PLATE


	I approve Gene. Director of CJSC "GK INZHGLOBAL" A. Kh. Karapetyan 2014

1 area of use

1.1. The technological map was developed to organize the work of workers involved in the installation and dismantling of the formwork of monolithic reinforced concrete floor slabs.

1.2. The technological map includes the following works:

- installation of formwork;

- demolition of formwork.

1.3. The scope of works considered by the technological map includes:

- slinging and supply of formwork elements (frame supports, racks, tripods, uniforks, wooden beams, plywood) to the mounting horizon;

- device formwork under the beam;

- arrangement of formwork for a balcony slab;

- device formwork under the "tooth";

- arrangement of formwork for overlapping;

- arrangement of formwork for the end face of the floor slab;

- arrangement of temporary fences;

- device of opening formers;

- dismantling of the formwork;

- cleaning, lubrication, storage and transportation of formwork elements.

1.4. Formwork must meet the following requirements:

- strength, immutability, correctness of shape and size;

- reliable perception of vertical and horizontal loads;

- surface density (lack of cracks), exclusion of cement laitance seepage through it;

- the ability to provide the required quality of the concrete surface;

- the possibility of multiple use;

- manufacturability - ease of use, the possibility quick installation and disassembly.

2. Technology and organization of work

2.1. Requirements for prior work

2.1.1. The following work must be completed prior to the installation of the formwork:

- prepared the basis for the installation of formwork;

- the structures of columns and walls were completed, acts of their acceptance were drawn up based on the executive geodetic survey;

- slab formwork elements were delivered and stored in the installation area of the tower crane;

- checked the presence, marking of formwork elements;

- prepared and tested mechanisms, inventory, fixtures, tools;

- lighting of workplaces and the construction site was arranged;

- all measures for the fencing of openings, stairwells, the perimeter of the reinforced concrete slab were completed in accordance with SNiP 12-03-2001 "Labor safety in construction, part 1";

- the height mark was transferred to the floor.

2.2. Work production technology

Formwork installation

2.2.1. The floor formwork device begins with the supply of frame supports, telescopic racks, tripods, uniforks, wooden beams, plywood sheets to the mounting horizon, to the workplace.

2.2.2. Formwork with a lower elevation is executed first. We begin the work with the formwork for the beams.

2.2.3. In connection with the chosen formwork method, a double deck device, formwork is simultaneously arranged for a beam, a balcony slab, a "tooth".

2.2.4. Formwork installation begins with the installation of ID15 frame supports at a distance of at least 50 mm from the edge of the slab in accordance with the arrangement scheme, l.2 and l.3 of the graphic part.

Pre-set the height of the frame support (distance from the floor to the bottom of the main beam) according to the template by adjusting the screw heads and screw feet.

2.2.5. Install the main beams (wooden beam 2.9 m) on the screw heads (crown).

In accordance with sections 1-1, 2-2, 3-3, 4-4 (l.5, 6 of the graphic part) and the layout of the beams (l.4 of the graphic part).

2.2.6. Install secondary beams on the main beams ( wooden beams 4.2 m) in 400 mm increments.

In the axes G-D / 1, E-Zh / 7, where the "tooth" passes, if it is impossible to use a beam of 4.2 m (the distance between the walls in cleanliness in these places is 2900 mm and 2660 mm), install two paired beams 2 .5 m

2.2.7. Lay sheets of laminated plywood, 18 mm thick, on the installed secondary beams. Thus, the lower deck is formed (mark +6.040). Nail plywood to wooden beams. See sheet 4 for the layout of plywood, as well as sheets 5 and 6 of the graphic part.

2.2.8. Level the lower deck.

2.2.9. With the help of geodetic instruments, bring to the lower deck the lines of the faces of the concreted beam for the installation of a vertical deck.

2.2.10. The vertical deck of the beam is formed from laminated plywood strips, 300 mm wide. For dimensions and layout, see sheet 3 of the graphic part.

Connect the plywood strips together with a 50x50 beam. The beam is also used to be able to nail to the lower deck and to the upper, see node A sheet 5 of the graphic part.

For the stability of the vertical deck, arrange a brace from a 50x50 beam.

2.2.11. Install wooden beams 2.5 m on the lower deck.

Place a beam 82x82 under these beams (for climbing).

Under the balcony slab, wooden beams are located perpendicular to the concreted beam with a step of 400 mm, under the "tooth" along the concreted beam.

See the scheme for laying out wooden beams on sheets 5 and 6 of the graphic part.

2.2.12. Lay sheets of laminated plywood on the installed wooden beams, in accordance with the layout diagram of sheet 3 of the graphic part.

2.2.13. For the device "tooth" where the wall passes, use a bracket.

The bracket is attached with a tie.

A bar 100x100 is laid on the bracket.

Laminated plywood is attached to the beam.

See section 6-6 and 7-7 of sheet 7 of the graphic part for the deck layout.

For the layout of brackets for tooth formation, see sheet 2 of the graphic part.

2.2.14. Formwork for floor slab.

In accordance with the layout diagram (sheet 2 of the graphic part), measure with a meter and mark with chalk the installation sites of the racks.

Start by installing the end posts under the main beams, at a distance of 4.0 m along the letter axes.

The distance between the uprights along the digital axes corresponds to the pitch of the main beams.

2.2.15. Insert the unifork into the rack. Expand the rack according to the template to the length specified by the height to the main (lower) beam. Install the rack and unfasten the tripod.

2.2.16. Install the main beams (wooden beams 4.2 m) on the installed and unfastened racks using a mounting fork. The step of the main beams is 1.5 m.

2.2.17. On the main beams, using a mounting fork, install secondary beams (wooden beams 3.3 m) without fasteners. The pitch of the secondary beams is 0.40 m.

2.2.18. Lay sheets of laminated plywood on the secondary beams, close to each other so that the gaps between them are no more than 2 mm. The first sheets of plywood are fed from the concrete floor, after laying at least 12 sheets, the plywood is fed to the deck.

Sheets and strips of plywood extreme along the perimeter are fastened with nails to secondary beams to prevent tipping.

See sheet 3 of the graphic part for the layout of plywood.

2.2.19. Plywood sheets suitable for the formwork under the beam should be laid last, after the vertical beam deck has been installed.

2.2.20. For ease of installation of formwork (as well as dismantling) standard sheet cut plywood into pieces 2440x610 mm.

2.2.21. In several places, it is recommended to use ordinary plywood impregnated with a lubricating emulsion.

2.2.22. Places cut laminated plywood become susceptible to moisture and are subject to moisture-resistant treatment (molten paraffin, treatment with two layers of primer).

2.2.23. The deck surface must be leveled.

2.2.24. After installing the floor slab deck, balcony slab, "tooth", arrange a side, with a height equal to the thickness of the overlap.

The formwork of the floor end is performed as follows.

The line of the end of the slab is made, strips of plywood are attached to the deck along the line, with a width equal to the height of the ceiling. To avoid capsizing the end, arrange a brace from a 50x50 beam.

2.2.25. With the help of universal fences that are attached to wooden beams, arrange a temporary fence. Install fence posts, with a step of no more than 1200 mm, insert fencing boards into the brackets of the racks.

2.2.26. Promoter device. The openings are made from laminated plywood. The size of the opening formers along the outer edges corresponds to the dimensions of the opening in the floor slab. The opening formers are installed in the design position and nailed to the floor slab deck.

Individual and industrial construction of multi-storey monolithic buildings, bridges and overpasses is carried out using formwork ceilings. They are easy to install and allow you to build buildings of various shapes and sizes in various climatic zones with an ambient temperature of +45 to -40 degrees C.

Formwork on volumetric racks

Types of slab formwork

From the main specifications object under construction - its withstand load, dimensions, height of ceilings - depends on the use various kinds formwork:

recommended for ceilings up to 5 meters high. They are the most economical of all formwork types and are erected within a short period of time. The tripod base is quite stable and securely supports the main rack. Moisture-resistant plywood boards are located on beams made of wood or metal profiles.
Volumetric slab formwork racks are erected at a height of up to 20 meters. Ease of installation is ensured by vertical racks connected by crossbars, flange systems and jacks. According to the method of installation are divided:

on wedge scaffolding - with a frame of horizontal and vertical racks, which can be installed at different angles, depending on the complexity of the work performed at different construction sites. Scaffolding and work ladders provide required level safety of working personnel.
with cup scaffolding - allowing you to install up to 4 structural elements on the same level.

The device of volumetric racks

The main starting rack is mounted on the jack, on which the additional racks are fixed into the flanges different lengths. In the same flanges, horizontal crossbars are installed that fasten the formwork sections. Additional racks and crossbars of different lengths allow you to build sectional groups of various sizes. The top of the structure is crowned with a jack with a unifork, on which wooden or metal deck beams are attached.

Starting and additional racks are made of metal, providing the necessary rigidity of the structure. It can be reinforced with additional special flanges installed a meter apart. Ease of installation provides one narrowed end of the rack. The uniform distribution of the load is guaranteed by wedge clamps, which also increase the reliability and strength of the entire structure.

Specifications:

The maximum height limit, m - 20.
The minimum height limit, m - 1.5.
Rack pitch, m - 1.0; 1.25; 1.5; 1.75; 2.0; 2.5; 3.0.
Maximum Limit distributed load on a crossbar, kg - 1200.
Permissible turnover - 100 cycles.
The maximum turnover is 200 cycles.
Section height, m - 0.5.

The calculation of formwork for construction depends on the total area of the building being erected and the load on the axles. For ease of installation, the distance between the racks is from 1 to 3 meters in half-meter increments. The plywood sheet is selected taking into account trimming to fit to the size on the installed sites.

Advantages of 3D slab formwork props:

Safety of operation at the expense of rigid and reliable fastening.
The ability to move individual units without disassembling them using lifting devices.
Ease of assembly and dismantling with the help of universal fastening elements of the entire system.
Most effective when working at high altitude.
Can be used for finishing work.
Long - up to a maximum of 200 cycles.
Possibility of developing individual design decisions in construction.

Manufacturers of slab formwork props offer not only standard sizes of all components, but also make designs to order construction organizations. It is possible to purchase a ready-made set or rent it, which will significantly reduce the cash costs for construction.

Regulatory documentation for slab formwork

Each manufacturer prepares its own internal standards for the production of structural elements. All components of the formwork must comply with the requirements for products of the 2nd hazard class according to GOST R 52085 - 2003, which must be confirmed by a certificate from the regional authority of Rosstandart. Technological process production is strictly regulated by the company's specialists at every stage.

When installing the structure and working at height, safety requirements must be observed. All actions must be carried out in special protective clothing and using means personal protection. Employees must be familiar with the basic technical documentation and be licensed to work.

How to make volumetric formwork yourself

It is much more economical to make formwork when building a private house with my own hands. But it is worth considering the following nuances:

FROM special attention you should approach the installation of support racks that carry the main load. Reliability is provided by metal supports, but working with them is a little more difficult than with wooden ones.
Ensure the rigidity of the base installation. To do this, the installation is carried out on a carefully prepared site - irregularities are compacted and wooden spacers are laid along the axes.
Longitudinal beams are attached to the racks on metal corners using bolted connections.
The transverse beams do not require fixing, but are simply laid on the longitudinal ones. This helps to facilitate the dismantling process after all work is completed.
With the help of braces, the support posts and longitudinal beams are fixed.
Plywood should be laid tightly to each other, carefully watching the joints, which should be located strictly on the floor beam.
The most optimal distance between the racks is 1.5 meters.
Alignment of the entire structure is carried out using a level or level and plumb line.
The installation of each subsequent tier should be carried out after carefully fixing and checking the previous one.

For the manufacture of formwork, you can use existing lumber, but they must not be rotten and carefully dried from wood. conifers. The bars of the racks must have a cross section of at least 12 * 12 cm, and beams 16 * 16 cm.

Formwork dismantling

De installation work depend on the timing of the drying of the concrete or the completion of the necessary finishing events. In hot summer weather, the formwork can be removed after 3-4 days. All work is done in reverse order, which was carried out during assembly. After that, the formwork can be reused. To do this, it is necessary to label all elements, sort and clean all contaminants.

Installation and dismantling of volumetric formwork of ceilings is a rather troublesome and complicated matter. Extreme attention and concentration are required during assembly, on which the life and health of workers may depend. But with some knowledge of technology and the required materials, it is possible on your own complete all required work within the scheduled time frame.

Formwork installation is carried out using a tower crane KB 403 with a boom length of 30 m, installed in accordance with the construction plan. Mounting of the formwork should be carried out according to the grips. Each floor is divided into two sections in the plan.

Concreting of columns, walls and floors should be done in the Peri formwork. The formwork kit consists of:

- WALLS - made of metal panels, lined with waterproof plywood 21 mm thick, withstanding the pressure of freshly laid concrete 60 kN/m 2 ; straightening locks BFD, providing connectivity, evenness and density of formwork panels in one operation; strands DV - 15 with a nut - gasket with permissible load for a strand of 90 kN; RCC leveling rods with a support, ensuring the stability of the formwork structures and designed for a load of 30 kN; suspended scaffolding consoles TRZH 120, providing safety when the load on the scaffold is 150 kg/m 2 .
- COLUMNS - TRS metal shields, lined with waterproof plywood 21 mm thick, withstanding the allowable pressure of freshly laid concrete 100 kN / m 2, column tension bolts with an allowable bolt load of 90 kN.
- FLOORINGS - from lattice beams GT 24 of various lengths with a bearing capacity - transverse force in spacers - 14 kN, bending moment - 7 kNm, supports PER 30 with a bearing capacity of 30 kN; boards made of waterproof plywood 21 mm thick.

On the construction site formwork is delivered in special containers by road and stored under a canopy.

See the formwork installation diagram below, it shows the layout of the work tables and the installation and docking of the PERI carts.

Prior to the installation of the formwork on the clamp, it is necessary to perform:

- to concrete a reinforced concrete slab with reinforcement outlets for columns, walls, an elevator shaft;
- put the risks of centering axes on reinforced concrete slabs;
- to make drawing on boards of a timbering of a concrete separating liquid "Pera - Klin" by means of an airbrush;

installation of design fittings;

delivery to workplace tools, fixtures and equipment.

Formwork installation scheme.

The sequence of mounting the formwork on the grip:

WALLS and COLUMNS:

- install a block of external formwork panels on spacers;
- install fittings;
- install a block of internal shields on tie rods and locks with hanging scaffolding and decking consoles.

The removal of the main axes of the building to the slab is carried out from the benchmarks. From the main axes of the measurement paths, all other axes of the building are taken out. Construction control monolithic house vertically to produce floor-by-floor theodolites by the method of inclined design.

When performing geodetic work, it is necessary to be guided by SNiP 3.01.03 - 84 "Geodetic work in construction".

To reduce the adhesion of the deck to concrete surface clean it thoroughly and spray it with Peri-Clean concrete separating liquid. Cleaning should be carried out immediately after the formwork has been removed by spraying with water, then with a rubber-tipped scraper and a bristle brush and spraying with concrete release agent. The application of the concrete separating liquid is carried out with a manual spray gun. Application to be carried out at the storage site (in winter time- in a warm room). Provide measures to prevent the lubricating film from being washed off by rain.

Slinging of the formwork is carried out using a special TRIO hook, included in the formwork kit, and a transport sling with four ropes. Use two TRIO crane hooks ( load bearing capacity one hook - 1.5 t).

See the scheme of slinging of formwork elements below.

Lifting of small and piece elements should be carried out in containers.

Scheme of slinging formwork elements.

The sequence of operations during the installation of wall formwork:

- the position of the diaphragm is marked in place, using perforators, holes W = 25 mm 90 mm deep are drilled in reinforced concrete slabs for the installation of anchors NKD-S M 20.
- at the stand horizontal position, a package of shields (3 pcs.) is assembled, connected by BFP locks with RSS1 spacers mounted on them.
- with the help of crane hooks of the Peri system (2 pcs. per transport unit), the board package is lifted to a vertical position and transported by crane to the installation site.
- a package of shields is installed according to the risks in the design position on the outer section of the diaphragm and fastened with spacers RSS1 and anchors NKD - S M20 to reinforced concrete slab. Separate panels or packages of panels are docked to the installed formwork, depending on the length of the diaphragm, and fastened together with BFD locks in the amount specified in the project.
- the entire structure is brought to a vertical position with the help of RSS1 spacers, and then the reinforcement work is started.
- after completion of reinforcing work, an inner row of formwork panels is mounted, connected to previously installed panels using DW - 15 bands and washer nuts, with the installation of PVC-U pipes W = 25 mm long for the thickness of the diaphragm.
- then installed end shields Shch-1, connected to the formwork panels with BFD locks and TAR-85 leveling locks, TRG-120 scaffold consoles and wood flooring 35 - 40 mm thick.

The entire structure is finally brought to a strictly vertical position and is handed over for concrete work.

COLUMNS:

- Reinforcing works are carried out.
- on a horizontal stand, a formwork block is assembled from two panels connected by column bolts.
- with the help of a crane equipped with slings with two TRIO hooks, the unit is brought to a vertical position and installed on a horizontal platform and temporarily fixed to the base with a spacer RSS1.
- the third shield is mounted.
- a block of three shields is transported to the installation site with the help of a tower crane with two TRIO hooks and mounted in the design position with RSS1 bracing to the floor slab.
- the fourth shield is mounted and secured with the spacer RSS1.
- scaffolding consoles are hung, and a shield scaffolding is carried out.
- the formwork is brought into a strictly vertical position with the help of RSS1 spacers. The formwork is ready for concreting the elevator shaft.

The marking of the internal elevator shafts on the foundation slab is in progress.

On the stand in a horizontal position, four packages of shields are assembled for the length of the inner wall of the elevator shaft with fastening between them with BFD locks according to the project.

Using TRIO system crane hooks (2 pcs. per transport unit), the package is lifted to a vertical position and fed to the installation site by a tower crane. The package is installed in the design position with temporary fastening with the RSST spacer to the reinforced concrete slab. Then the rest of the board packages are installed and connected with BFD locks according to the project.

Reinforcing works are being carried out.

After completion of the reinforcing work, the outer panels of the formwork of the elevator shaft are installed, connected to the previously installed formwork with DW 15 ties with washers and PVC-U pipes Ø 25 mm long for the thickness of the elevator wall, leveling locks TAR - 85 and between themselves BFD locks according to the project.

The RSS1 spacers are installed, the TRG-120 scaffold consoles are hung and the boarding is carried out according to the project.

With the help of RSS1 spacers, the structure is brought to a vertical position and delivered for concrete work.

Produced concrete works.

Elevator shaft formwork mounting sequence from +0.000 mark

AT top holes, released from the strands, support elements (rack-stop) are installed to support the next tier of formwork according to the project.

A flooring device is being made in the elevator shaft and in stairwell for the production of assembly and reinforcement works.

The inner formwork of the elevator shaft (assembly) is mounted using a tower crane on the installed supporting elements (racks-stops) in the elevator shaft.

Reinforcing work is being carried out on the tier of the installed formwork in the elevator shaft.

External formwork panels are installed with the installation of DW1 ties, PVC-U pipes Ø 25 mm with fastening with BFD locks, spacers RSS1 with fastening with anchors NKD - S M20, scaffold consoles TRG - 120 are hung and boarding is carried out on them according to the project.

The entire structure is brought to a strictly vertical position and is handed over for concrete work.

Concrete work in progress.

OVERLAPPING

Installation and dismantling of the formwork of the "multiflex" slab is carried out according to the technological map.

DISMANTLING THE FORMWORK.

The dismantling of the formwork of columns, walls and the elevator shaft should begin when the concrete reaches a strength of 1.5 MPa, the ceiling is 15 MPa.

The order of dismantling the formwork.

- a block of two internal shields is dismantled
- the next block of two shields is dismantled

- the inner row of shields is dismantled
- end and corner shields
- outdoor unit shields.

ELEVATOR SHAFT

- dismantling the internal formwork block
- dismantled the outer formwork.

OVERLAPPING

- dismantled intermediate racks
- lowered by 4 cm main racks
- dismantled cross beams
- formwork panels are dismantled
- formwork panels are dismantled
- dismantled the main beams
- Racks are dismantled.

The sequence of operations during the dismantling of the formwork.

- remove the panel board
- remove scaffold consoles
- release the column bolts on the block of two shields
- sling a block of two shields using TRIO hooks, disconnect the leveling rods from the fastening
- using a tower crane, lower it to the storage area to prepare for the next concreting.
- lash the next block of two shields, disconnect the leveling rods and lower with a tower crane to the storage area.

- remove the panel board
- remove scaffold consoles
- sling the inner shield block of three shields with two TRIO hooks
- remove the BFD locks from the block of shields connecting with the next block of shields, disconnect the rods and locks that equalize the rods
- using a crane, release the block of three shields and lower it onto the storage area.
- repeat all operations with the following blocks of shields
- sling end shield
- release it from the cords and constipation and lower it onto the storage area with the help of a tower crane
- tie up the outdoor unit of three shields
- remove the leveling rods, BFD locks fastening with the next block of shields and lower them to the storage area using a crane
- repeat these operations with the following blocks of external shields.

ELEVATOR SHAFT

- remove the tightening rods, constipation.
- sling indoor unit formwork with four sling hooks and use a crane to remove the block from the elevator shaft in its entirety and place it on the storage site for further preparation.
- sling the end block with the unbuckling element and use a crane to remove it from the shaft and lower it to the storage area
- remove the shield decking and scaffolding consoles from the next outer wall elevator
- sling this block with two TRIO hooks
- remove the leveling rods and use a tower crane to remove the block from the elevator shaft and lower it to the storage area
- repeat these operations with the next block of the outer wall of the elevator.

OVERLAPPING

Dismantling of the formwork is carried out according to the technological map.

Safety engineering.

It is not allowed to perform other work and to be outside unauthorized persons on the area where the installation work is being carried out.

Cleaning of the structural elements to be installed from dirt and ice should be carried out before they are lifted.

It is not allowed for people to stay on structural elements during their lifting and moving.

It is not allowed to find people under the mounted elements until they are installed in the design position and secured.

Unslinging of formwork blocks is carried out from mounting towers H = 2.5m (5.14 D of catalog 2617-961-89), external panels from block decks.

It is not allowed to carry out installation work at height in open places at a wind speed of 15 m/s or more, with icy conditions, thunderstorms, fog, which excludes visibility within the front of work. Work on moving formwork panels with a large sail area should be stopped at a wind speed of 10 m/s.

During the installation of formwork, installers must be on previously installed and securely fastened structures or scaffolding.

When installing panels with a large windage, it is necessary to use braces to keep the panel from swinging.

Every day, before starting work, the foreman (foreman) must check the condition of the assembled panels and formwork blocks, working platforms, hanging platforms and stairs.

It is forbidden to carry out welding and gas-flame work on wooden formwork without appropriate safety measures.

Perform work in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 3.03.01-87 "Bearing and enclosing structures", SNiP 12.03-2001 part 1, SNiP 12.03-2001 part 2 "Labor safety in construction", SNiP 21.01 - 97 " Fire safety buildings and structures”, SNiP 2.02.02-85* “Fire safety standards”.

Routing for concrete work of a monolithic house in the "PERI" formwork

Concreting of columns, walls and ceilings should be carried out with grips. Each floor is divided in terms of 2 grips. The working seam is indicated in the project. During the installation of reinforcement at the boundary of the grips in the ceiling, install a woven mesh GOST 3826-82, tying it to the reinforcement with a knitting wire. The resumption of concreting in the places of construction of working joints is allowed when the concrete reaches a strength of 1.5 MPa. To clean the working joints from the cement film with an air jet from the compressor. It is allowed to arrange working seams - for columns and walls at the level of the bottom of the floor slab, for overlapping in the middle of the span 3-4 or 4-5 - parallel to the digital axes. AT initial period curing concrete must be protected from precipitation or moisture loss.

Prior to the start of concreting, the following work must be performed on each grip:

- installation and alignment of formwork
- fittings installation
- an act of examination of hidden works for the installation of fittings, embedded parts, corrugated power pipes, formwork was drawn up.

When concreting columns, use concrete of class B 20, frost resistance grade F50; internal walls (diaphragms) - concrete class B 20, frost resistance grade F50; elevator shafts - concrete class B20, frost resistance grade F50; floors - concrete class B20, frost resistance grade F50.

The movement of people on concreted structures and the installation of formwork of overlying structures is allowed when the concrete reaches a strength of at least 15 MPa.

Concrete is delivered to the construction site in truck mixers. At the construction site, organize a place for receiving concrete from truck mixers in the form of two bunkers. For uniform distribution of concrete in the formwork of walls and columns, unload concrete into funnels installed in the formwork.

Reinforcement of walls and columns is carried out directly on the grip manually from individual rods and frames, having previously delivered the workpieces to the ceiling with a crane. The fixation of frames in relation to the edges of the wall in order to form a protective layer should be carried out with the help of clamps according to grades, depending on the W of the reinforcement on which it is put on and the thickness of the concrete protective layer. Laying of concrete within the scope of work should be carried out in horizontal layers 500 mm thick. When compacted concrete mix the depth of immersion of the vibrator should ensure its immersion in the previously laid layer by 5-10 cm. Vibrate until air bubbles appear on the concrete surface, vibrate especially carefully in the corners of the formwork.

Reinforcement of the floor slab should be made from frames and meshes manufactured at the factory (reinforcing yard of the construction site). Grids and frames are delivered to the workplace by a tower crane and mounted in the following sequence:

- a number of lower grids are installed
- installation of support frames
- upper grids are mounted.

The assembly of spatial frames into volumetric ones is carried out using a knitting wire. Fixation of the lower grids in relation to the floor plane in order to form a protective layer is carried out using plastic clamps (TU 6-05-160-77). Simultaneously with the installation of reinforcement, lay horizontal PVC pipes for transmission of electrical communications. Stretch the wire into the tubes before laying. Attach the tubes to the fittings with a knitting wire. At the same time, all embedded parts are installed in the formwork according to the project. Laying of concrete within the designated area of work should be carried out to the depth of the ceiling thickness without breaks, with a consistent direction of laying in one direction. The height of free dropping of concrete from the bunker is not more than 1m. vibrating to produce until the appearance of air bubbles on the surface of the concrete, until the appearance of cement laitance.