The tightness of the sewer system is one of the main conditions for the normal operation of this type of communications. The possibility of a leak must be completely eliminated so as not to pose a threat to networks laid nearby, structures and the environment.
The sealant for sewer pipes will prevent leaks - the product is used both for internal and external works. How does it work and which is better to choose? Agree, it's worth knowing.
So that you can find and purchase a suitable sealant, we will identify the popular options and describe their specific use.
The article considers in detail the technologies for the use of sealing materials. There is a rating of manufacturers of the best products manufactured for the specified construction industry. Photo applications and video reviews will help you get used to the topic.
Sewerage is reliably sealed even at the installation stage. During operation, the internal system is regularly inspected in order to detect and eliminate leaks in time.
Waste water should not flow out, and nothing should get into the sewer from the outside, because. this can disrupt its operation and lead to serious damage.
Particular attention should be paid to sealing pipes, as they are much more difficult to repair if leaks occur. If the operation of the system is disrupted due to groundwater entering it, a lot of effort will have to be made to determine this.
Repairing the underground part of the sewerage system is almost as laborious and expensive as installing a new section of the pipeline. It involves a large amount of excavation, replacement of damaged elements of the system
Careful sealing during the construction phase of the sewer system prevents a number of problems:
- Leaks out. Once in the soil, sewage can contaminate the water in drinking wells and cause serious diseases. Unpleasant in the premises is also dangerous, because. decaying organic matter emit gases harmful to humans: hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, methane.
- Flooding of buildings and structures. With strong leaks, erosion of the soil is possible. Wastewater floods foundations, cellars, basements, basements. Due to the high content of chemically active substances, they accelerate the destruction of building materials, provoke corrosion.
- Leaks inside the system. If atmospheric or groundwater enters the system, the pressure in the pipeline increases. Due to the strong pressure of sewage, the operation of pipes is disrupted, and treatment or storage facilities may not be able to cope with the additional load and fail.
- Leaks at the joints due to temperature changes. If the system is initially mounted with high quality, the joints are reliable and do not leak even without additional sealing. However, processing is still necessary, because. temperature fluctuations over time lead to a decrease in tightness.
For the installation of sewerage systems are used. A suitable sealant must be selected for each pipe material. Also, the choice depends on the installation technology and the intended purpose of each individual element of the system.
Main types of sealing materials
To seal the joints of sewer pipes, many different materials are used:
- sealing tapes;
- polymer sealants;
- technical sulfur;
- jute and hemp ropes;
- epoxy resin;
- Portland cement;
- mastics based on petroleum products;
- rubber cuffs.
Each sealing material has its own varieties, features, purpose and scope.
Option #1: Sealing Tapes
There are ordinary and foil self-adhesive tapes. They are designed to seal joints of water and sewer pipes and have unique properties. The composition of the tapes includes bitumen-polymer materials, so that they are absolutely waterproof.
Option #3: technical sulfur
Technical sulfur is produced by processing petroleum products. It can be powdered or lumpy and is sold in hardware stores. This is a good option for sealing joints in cast iron pipes. An additional plus is the low price.
Sulfur is a hard and brittle sealant. To make it more elastic, do not overheat the material. Also, ground kaolin can be added to the sealing composition (in a ratio of 1:10)
Sulfur is crushed (if purchased lumpy), heated to a melting point (about 130-150˚С), after which it is poured into the space of the socket.
When the material hardens, it will turn into a dense waterproof mass. Its only drawback is low elasticity.
Option #4: Portland cement
Portland cement is indispensable for many types of work. The composition of the material includes clinker, gypsum, calcium silicates. The dry mixture is diluted with water until a thick solution is obtained. It quickly hardens, forming a high-strength frost-resistant and water-repellent monolith.
Portland cement begins to harden within 5-10 minutes, so the mortar should be prepared immediately before use, and the work should be carried out as soon as possible
Special additives are added to the cement mixture to increase its elasticity - this allows you to reliably seal the joints of the pipeline. The material is resistant to temperatures, tolerates freezing-freezing well, so it is successfully used in outdoor arrangements.
Option #5: Epoxy
Epoxy resin is a universal adhesive that can also help out when installing sewers. To prepare a sealant, epoxy resin is mixed with a hardener. The proportions depend on the brand of material and are indicated in the instructions for use.
Be careful when preparing the sealant. If there is too much hardener, the finished mixture may become hot or even boil.
When mixing resin and hardener, it is important to strictly follow the manufacturer's recommendations, otherwise the setting time of the composition and the operational properties of the finished coating may change.
Option #6: bituminous mastics
The sockets of ceramic pipes are often filled with bituminous materials. Bitumen-rubber, bitumen-polymer mastics have proven themselves well. By type of application, they are divided into cold and hot.
Cold and hot mastics are an inexpensive sealing material that is freely sold in building supermarkets. They are flexible, durable and resistant to chemicals.
For sealing pipes, it is better to use cold-applied compounds, because. they are much easier to use, and the work itself is safer. The only disadvantage of such sealants for sewer pipes is that they are somewhat more expensive.
Option #7: Jute and Hemp Ropes
To seal the joints of cast-iron and ceramic sewer pipes, hemp and jute ropes, and a resin strand are traditionally used. These are cheap and easy-to-use materials, however, in terms of their technical and operational properties, they are significantly inferior to modern sealants.
Jute ropes look more attractive than hemp ropes, however, the materials differ little in their performance properties. It is better to give preference to hemp, because. it's cheaper
For sewer pipes, it is better to use sanitary silicone or polyurethane sealants. Their quality and durability can vary greatly depending on the manufacturer, so pay attention to brands and choose the most reliable ones.
Option #8: Sealing Cuffs
Strong cuffs made of thick technical rubber are used to protect the joints between the casing and the working tube. They are applicable for pipelines of various types - technological, sewer, drain. The diameter of the products is from 2.5 cm to 2 m.
There are different types of cuffs. The most common are TM, that is, heat-shrinkable, coated from the inside with an adhesive layer. To make the transition airtight, the rubber is heated. It shrinks and tightly wraps around the pipes, while sticking to them.
Top 8 Sealant Manufacturers
branded sealants Ceresit And Moment out of competition. They are reliable, durable, highly elastic and adhere to any surface. If it is possible to purchase the compositions of these brands, do not hesitate, because. you will pay not just "for the name", but for the real quality.
There are 6 more brands that produce decent products:
- Ciki Fix. Under this brand, high-quality transparent sealants are produced, which are perfect for metal and ceramic pipes. The finished coating is resistant to detergents and solvents.
- Belinka. These are popular one-component compounds for sealing seams and joints. They are resistant to negative influences, durable and elastic.
- Tytan. The Tytan brand produces high-quality silicone-based sanitary sealants. If you need a high-strength seam, you should give preference to the Tytan Professional polyurethane composition.
- Krass. Under the Krass brand, quick-hardening, one-component sealants are produced, which, after hardening, form tight seams that do not shrink.
- S 400. A distinctive feature of the sealants of this brand is increased biological stability. The composition includes a large number of fungicides that prevent the appearance of fungus and mold on the seams.
- Dow Corning. Sealants of this brand hold surfaces together so firmly that they are used as glue. They are thicker than the compositions of other brands, penetrate deeply into the seams and joints.
Sometimes sealants are subject to increased requirements for any individual performance characteristics. In such cases, it makes sense to carefully study the descriptions of manufacturers and consult with sellers.
When buying, pay attention to the presence of antifungal additives in the composition of the sealant. Microorganisms thrive especially at sewer joints, and a high concentration of fungicides is needed to prevent this.
For example, the best sealant for rooms with increased fire hazard is a universal composition Krass; for complex connections - "Germent Moment"; for ceramic pipes - Belinka Belsil Sanitary Acetate; and for rooms with constant high humidity - Ceresit CS 25 or S 400.
Conclusions and useful video on the topic
In the process of sealing the sewer system, many questions arise. We offer videos that will help you cope with difficulties and do all the work yourself.
Instructions for sealing sewer pipes with silicone sealant:
Whatever type of sealant for sewer pipes you choose, you need to carefully prepare the surfaces and perform the work efficiently. The pipes must be free of cracks and fistulas. Before sealing, they are cleaned, repaired, degreased.
When working, you should strictly adhere to the technology, and after its completion, wait the allotted time until the composition solidifies. Only then can the system be operated normally.
Do you have experience in sealing sewer pipes? Please share information with our readers, suggest your method of solving the issue. You can leave comments in the form below.
The first skill that is required for a novice plumber is the ability to seal threaded connections of pipelines, fittings and equipment with high quality. When assembling plumbing, heating and sewage systems, in any case, threaded connections are formed that require sealing. Poor sealing will lead to water leakage with all the ensuing consequences. The publication gives a detailed overview of how to solve this technical problem, the methodology and algorithm of actions.
The main methods of sealing threads
There are several main ways to seal threaded connections, they are divided according to the material used:
- Synthetic polymer thread;
- Gaskets made of rubber, paronite, silicone and so on;
- fum tape;
- Thread sealant.
Synthetic polymer thread
The thread is white, has a special oily paste-like impregnation that seals the formed joint. The material is universal in application - it can withstand temperatures up to 130 degrees Celsius, pressure up to 16 atmospheres (for gas - up to 8 atm.).
The ease of use of this winding is due to a simple technique - the thread is wound arbitrarily, not along the thread, with a slight tightness. The polymer is wound on a right-hand thread - clockwise. The number of turns for each diameter is given in a special table on the package.
For plastic threads, the number of turns indicated in the table is increased by 30%.
The thread is universal for mounting joints in plumbing, but in general it has some limitations. It is not necessary to use the material in areas with a temperature of more than 130 degrees (steam and high-temperature heating), the polymer thread is not always neutral to chemically aggressive environments.
The cost of a thread among sealing materials is at the top step, but the ease of use more than justifies the cost.
Gaskets
Threaded connections of a certain type are sealed with special gaskets. Basically, gaskets come with the product. Most often, gaskets are used with the following elements:
- Fittings of metal-plastic and polyethylene group of pipes;
- Flexible eyeliners;
- Various hoses with union nuts - for example, for connecting a washing machine;
- Special communications and devices - pressure gauges, impulse tubes, etc.
Compression fittings of plastic pipelines (except for polypropylene) are sealed with rubber O-rings pre-installed on the fitting body. When installing a flexible hose, a rubber gasket is inserted into the union nut (as is the case with a washing machine).
Special devices and communications are sealed with gaskets of various sections and materials. Pressure gauges are usually mounted on a paronite gasket, an American-type shackle has an internal round gasket, and so on.
Linen plumbing
Linen is no less popular among professional plumbers than thread and other types of materials. This is due to the fact that at one time it was the only type of sealant and therefore most professionals in the field of plumbing have acquired the skill of sealing in working with this particular material. In working with this material at the first stage for a beginner, certain difficulties may arise.
The second important factor of popularity is the availability and cheapness of the material. There is a general technique for sealing with flax, there are some features. Features can be identified as follows:
- Simple winding of flax;
- Linen winding with paste;
- Sealing flax with paint.
The first option is the simplest. First, the number of revolutions of the part to be installed is determined. The element is screwed onto the thread without winding, the number of full turns is considered. After winding, the element is screwed on at the calculated or slightly lower number of revolutions - with a larger number, the fitting or tap can be damaged.
A strand of material 6–8 mm wide is separated from the flax pigtail. It is cleared of transversely directed fibers. The edge of the strand is pressed with a finger at the beginning of the thread (the beginning of the thread in this case is the border of the turns in the middle of the fitting, tap). The material is wound tightly along the threads, in rows with an overlap of 2 - 3 mm, until the end of the thread. The winding is slightly wetted - this reduces the likelihood of material picking up by the wound product.
The second and third options are configurations of the first. The best is the use of a special sealing paste. It seals the joint, protects the flax from decomposition.
Paint as a sealant is now practically not used. With prolonged service, the paint dries and cracks, often violating the density of the joint. Disassembling paint connections also causes difficulties - you need to apply great physical effort, and you can damage the fitting or faucet.
When buying linen, you need to pay attention to the following aspects:
- Linen must be in sealed waterproof packaging;
- The material must have a uniform color;
- Flax should be soft, plastic, flexible, have fibers of approximately the same size and structure.
fum tape
The tape is a product made of polymeric material, has a slight thickness. It is mainly used on communications with low pressure and temperature, for sealing joints with a diameter of not more than 20 - 25 mm.
The installation technique has a common algorithm with flax - the rows of tape are wound along the rotation of the thread with the overlap of adjacent rows by 2 - 3 mm. The number of layers is arbitrarily determined.
The tape is used most often by beginners, in simple household connections. The disadvantages of the material are:
- The material has low strength;
- The tape is deformed at high temperature, becomes too soft;
- When screwing on the product, the thread often cuts through the tape.
The advantage of the fum tape is ease of use, low cost, ease of replacement.
Thread sealant
The anaerobic sealing gel has a sealing technique different from previous methods and materials. Sealants of this type are divided into substances of medium and strong fixation.
Sealants are used most often on metal threads, plastic ones have to be treated with a special activator. The metal thread is pre-cleaned, degreased, dried. Then the gel is applied - recesses and protrusions are filled in 3 - 4 turns of the thread, the gel monolith is not disturbed.
After that, the installed part is wrapped by hand, excess gel is removed. The average time for complete curing of the sealant is 2 hours.
The use of such a seal is inherent in beginners and will bewilder the professional. Each plumbing system should be easily disassembled for repair, maintenance or replacement of individual elements. The sealant, on the other hand, hardens qualitatively and makes the joints practically non-separable. The recommended dismantling method - heating with a hair dryer up to 150 degrees - is not applicable for plastic pipes, and this is now the main type of material for the plumbing industry.
In any case, the choice of material for sealing joints depends on the desire and skills of a person. It is necessary to proceed from the specific conditions of use, the required quality of future installation, the period of operation and the possible replacement of seals, pipelines, and equipment.
Sealants are used to seal joints during the assembly of various plumbing systems. PVC pipes also fully fit into this rule. Quite often, silicone or acrylic sealants are used to perform such work as sewer sealing.
The main advantages of acrylic sealants rightly include:
- Suitable for a large number of materials (concrete, brick, wood).
- Adapted for the processing of structures, during the operation of which a low or medium level of mobility is expected.
It is impossible to ignore the fact that silicone sealant has the following significant advantages:
- High levels of reliability.
- The possibility of using the product for any materials, such as enameled, wooden (silicone also acts on them as a stain), plastic.
How to seal sewer pipes with epoxy resin?
Resin adhesive Sikadur-31 CF
Another popular sealing solution is epoxy. The main advantages of this composition are high efficiency with maximum ease of use and low cost.
The whole process of applying the mixture in question comes down to its preparation (mixing the resin with a warm or cold hardener) and filling the cavity between the parts of the product with it.
How to work with EDP (20, 40) - it freezes quickly, it is stored for a month. Different proportions - see the video for the experiment:
How to seal the connection of a cast-iron sewer pipe with a plastic one?
Since cast-iron pipes have lost their popularity to PVC products, at this stage in the development of technology, there is an increasing need to assemble combined, cast-iron-plastic pipes.
In the context of the situation under consideration, a quite reasonable question arises: how to make the joints of parts from different materials airtight?
The work under consideration should be carried out within the framework of the following scheme:
This is how it looks like
- It’s worth starting with the purchase of the necessary spare parts, in this case we are talking about adapters. For best results, it is recommended to use products made from polymers or rubber.
- Traces of corrosion must be carefully removed from the surface of the cast-iron pipe; the presence of other contaminants is also unacceptable.
- After degreasing and cleaning the socket, silicone must be applied to its surface.
- After the sealant dries, the adapter is also carefully processed (cleaned and coated with silicone) and fixed relative to the cast iron pipe.
What is sealing tape and how to use it?
A material such as a sealing tape has many positive features, the main of which are quite rightly considered:
FUM - plastic, but not resistant to shock
- High material efficiency.
- Dielectric and anti-corrosion properties.
- Maximum ease of use.
The only significant drawback of the material in question is its low resistance to physical and UV exposure, the latter is easily neutralized by applying a protective layer.
The application of the tape is carried out as follows:
- Cleaning the surface to be treated. It is extremely important that it is not wet.
- A tape is wound on a cleaned and dried (if necessary) part in a spiral. It is extremely important to remember that the presence of wrinkles (even slight ones) is ultimately considered unacceptable. An important condition is the maximum belt tension.
- The overlap of one layer of material on another must be at least 50%.
Humor to unload: called? - Vasilich clarified timidly, shifting from foot to foot in the center of the circle with a five-pointed star.
What is the best material for sealing joints?
The vast majority of specialists who install water pipes and sewer systems agree that silicone sealants, which have already been discussed above, are best suited for processing joints.
Usage example
In simple terms, such a sealant is a universal gasket that can easily accept the required diameter, volume, shape, and also easily cope with it without compromising its own operational parameters.
At the moment, there are varieties of silicone on the market that can withstand temperatures of 260 degrees for a long time.
As a rule, the need to use other sealing agents arises when the use of silicone is not possible, for example, when it is necessary to seal without dismantling.
Is it possible to do the correct sealing of plastic pipes with your own hands?
The answer to this question is simple and unambiguous: yes, even an inexperienced master can solve the problem under consideration.
Most of the materials used in the format of the situation under consideration (silicone, epoxy, sulfur, hemp rope) are budgetary and easy to use. Even if something goes wrong, throwing away some of the silicone and squeezing new material out of the tube will not be difficult. In the same way, the problem is solved with other indicated materials.
The process of sealing and sealing in itself is also not difficult, even regardless of whether internal work is performed (in the apartment) or. 
At the same time, it should be taken into account that despite the apparent and actual simplicity of the process, it cannot be treated negligently, otherwise the result will be unsatisfactory. A significant feature of the process under consideration is that for its full implementation it does not imply the presence of any complex, expensive. All that the master may need is a rag to clean the workpieces and a silicone gun.
Provided that the master paid sufficient attention to the implementation of the process in question and performed the work in good faith, and also used high-quality materials, the result will be no less durable than the pipes themselves, the service life of which is most often at least half a century.
Connection diagram
As a rule, the entire process of sealing comes down to placing a sealant in a particular state of aggregation in the cavity between the parts, followed by installation. All that is required from the work contractor is the correct choice of sealant, taking into account the individual specifics of the intended operation (temperature conditions, pressure, location of the structure on the site or on the street, the correct choice of acidity of the agent used) and its correct use.
In 99 cases out of 100, the solution of such a task does not cause any difficulties even for those masters who do not have experience in doing such work with their own hands.
Dismantling the cast-iron sewer and switching to plastic, video 6min 49sec:
A sewer system that does not leak is considered to be reliable. Therefore, good sealing of sewer pipes at home or in an apartment is a guarantee that there will be no trouble in the future.
The age of the sewerage system, its deterioration (for example, cast-iron pipes in the risers of high-rise buildings), obsolete materials, of course, can leak due to prescription and require a complete replacement. However, as practice shows, during operation, the most vulnerable point, both when laying new ones, and when repairing old communications and drain systems, are their junctions. And the question remains, how to seal the sewer pipes at the joints.
Previously, linen winding or plaster bandage and oil paint were used to seal cast-iron pipes in risers and basements of houses and apartments. But today, building stores sell a lot of modern materials, sealants, for the selection of which it is necessary to understand their differences, purposes and properties, applicable to drain systems.
For your information! Easy-to-use modern materials allow you to do all the work yourself, including waterproofing and sealing.
Self-adhesive tape is a modern material for sealing joints in the sewer system. It is a white film wound on a spool, has a different width.
Advantages of self-adhesive tape:
- Convenience and ease of use;
- Good resistance to corrosion, thereby protecting the sewage system from rusting;
- Does not conduct electricity;
- High reliability and efficiency.
Disadvantages of self-adhesive tape:
- Lack of UV resistance. This makes it impossible to use this material in open spaces.
Advice! To create a tight connection with a tape on the street, at the place of gluing, cover the joints of sewer pipes with sun protection material.
Self-adhesive tape is used by experienced craftsmen and builders not only for sealing the joints of sewer systems. It is often used when working with fittings and various shaped elements.
Ribbon Features
In order to perform the work qualitatively, it is necessary to first prepare the pipes. They are thoroughly cleaned of layers of dust, dirt, etc., and dried well. Covered with a layer of primer and dried again. After the surfaces have been prepared, you can stick the tape.
The tape is wound around the desired area in a spiral with a half overlap, for greater tightness. After that, you can wind the second layer in a similar way. Pipe sealing done!
Note! Care must be taken to ensure that no wrinkles form during the winding process. Even small ones can reduce the tightness of the winding to zero.
Silicone sealants for pipes
Self-adhesive tape is well suited for processing pipe joints, but this material is not always applicable in construction. There are other materials and substances that can ensure the tightness of the sewer system.
Silicone sealants are substances that harden on contact with air and have excellent sealing properties. Apply directly to the area to be treated.
Sealants can be made from a combination of different starting materials. One of the most popular is silicone (or siloxane), which consists of silicone rubber and additives that increase the strength and adhesion of the material. To accelerate the polymerization of a substance, various vulcanizing impurities are used. The result is a rubber-like elastic material with excellent sealing properties and a wide range of applications.
Advantages of silicone sealant
- High degree of adhesion between different types of materials;
- Good resistance to various temperature conditions;
- Sufficiently high mechanical strength;
- Good moisture resistance;
- Long service life.
Depending on which hardener is used in the material, silicone sealants for plastic pipes are divided into two types: acidic and neutral. Acid sealants have limitations in use and their cost is somewhat lower than that of neutral ones.
Sealants belonging to the neutral class are suitable for any surface and give excellent performance in a combination of various surfaces (for example, joints of metal and plastic sewer pipes).
Silicone sealants are enclosed in devices called mounting guns. In the absence of this device, or the impossibility of using it, you can use the hammer handle, acting on the principle of a piston, to press on the bottom of the tube. Thus, dosing the extrusion of the required amount of material from the package, the necessary work is carried out.
How to seal sewer pipes?
Sealing of sewerage systems in the conditions of modern construction is also carried out by other types of materials. Often, craftsmen use epoxy resin, asphalt mastic, resin strands, hemp ropes and technical sulfur.
Most often, when working at home, epoxy resin is used. To cure this material, polyethylenepolyamine is used for cold curing, and maleic anhydride for hot curing. But others can be used as well. The proportion of the combination can vary and on average varies from 10:1 to 5:1.
Technical sulfur is used to seal the outlet of the sewer. To do this, it is crushed, heated to a suitable plastic state and poured directly onto the inner surface of the joints of the outlet pipes. This compound is made from Portland cement, in which case it is necessary to prepare a solution.
Tarred hemp rope is excellent for working with ceramics and cast iron. A filling of oil bitumen and asphalt mastic seals well the joints of ceramic pipes.
Sealing cast iron sewer pipes
To connect the cast-iron pipes of the riser, another is inserted into the socket of one pipe, and the joint is sealed with the selected material. Experienced craftsmen carry out everything, as a rule, using this technology:
- Linen tow without impregnation is inserted into the gap between the pipes of the riser approximately to a depth of 2/3 and caulked (compacted).
For your information! Linen tow can be replaced with hemp treated with resin.
- On top of the tow, in the free space of the joint, a mixture of water and Portland cement is laid in a combination of 1: 9, respectively.
For your information! To create a mixture, if necessary, you can use cement in combination with asbestos fiber, in a combination of 2:1, respectively. And before pouring into the pipe, a little water is added to the mixture.
All of the above materials can be replaced with silicone sealant, which is simply poured into the free space between the riser pipes. And to protect against too rapid drying of this type of sealant, the application site is covered with polyethylene or a damp cloth.
Sealing the joint of cast-iron and plastic sewer pipes
When repairing an old sewerage system in a house or apartment, a situation often arises when it is necessary to dock new plastic pipes with old ones - cast iron ones. And the question arises, how and how to seal the sewer pipe correctly.
For this you need:
- To connect pipes of different materials, you must purchase special adapters;
- The surface of the cast-iron pipe is carefully cleaned and degreased;
- The inner and outer surface is coated with sealant;
- An adapter is installed in the socket;
- Waiting time for the sealant to harden;
- A plastic pipe is connected and the joint is sealed;
- A tightness test is carried out.
If you stick to the technology and choose high-quality material to create a strong and tight connection of the sewer system, this will be a good start for the future, protect you from the troubles associated with sewer leakage. In our video, you can see how the sealing and waterproofing of sewer pipes are done with your own hands.
Sealing of sewer pipes is necessary for the components of sewer systems, especially at their joints. To carry it out, you will, of course, need to use some kind of sealant designed directly for sewer pipes. Our article will tell you how to choose the right sealant and how to properly seal.
The Importance of Sealing
The sealing process should be taken quite seriously right away, since work is carried out with pipes, unlike exterior finishes, for example, whose defects are quite easy to fix. To carry out re-sealing of seams that have undergone deformation, it will be necessary to carry out the same amount of work as for building a system from scratch.
During the implementation of the sewerage system, it is unacceptable for the following to occur:
- leaks from inside sewer pipes;
- leaks inside sewer pipes. So, for example, when laying an external sewage pipeline, groundwater is not allowed to enter.
Sealing materials
Tapes for sealing
Self-adhesive tapes with anti-corrosion properties and specially designed for sealing pipe joints are one of the newest modern sealing products. They have many positive properties:
- Self-adhesive anti-corrosion tapes are highly effective and easy to use.
- Sealing films, thanks to their high-strength polyethylene backing, are characterized by good handling properties.
- They are used to ensure the protection of various types of pipelines in the complex, as they have dielectric and anti-corrosion properties. In addition, sealing films are used for sealing linear elements of sewer pipes.
- Sealing using tape is possible not only when sealing the joints of sewer pipes, but also when sealing plugs, tie-ins, turning corners, bends, etc.
Before sealing a sewer pipe using sealing tapes, remember that they are sealed in the following sequence:
- surface preparation is necessary for applying the tape: it must be dry, dust-free and clean;
- it is necessary to ensure a constant tension of the tape, which is wrapped around the pipe, and also to exclude the appearance of folds and wrinkles;
- the tape must be applied with a 50% overlap in a spiral, as a result of which the entire surface to be insulated will necessarily be under two layers of film.
Pro tip:
Such films do not tolerate exposure to UV radiation. That is why, when pipes for sewerage are located in a territory that is open to the sun, a protective layer must additionally be provided over the film.
silicone sealants
Silicone rubber forms the basis of silicone sealants. Silicone sealants in general are a composition of different substances that provide high sealing qualities. Silicone sealants have good adhesion to surfaces, while not requiring that they be pre-treated with primers.
According to the type of hardener in its composition, silicone sewer pipe sealant is divided into:
- Acid. Acid silicone sealants are quite inexpensive, although they do not accept application to some surfaces that can interact with acids.
- Neutral. In this regard, neutral silicone sealants are considered more versatile.
With the help of silicone sealants, it is possible to seal the joints of sewer pipes:
- from metal;
- from plastic.
After vulcanization, the silicone paste turns into a substance that is similar in properties to rubber. Moisture in the air is involved in the curing process of silicone sealant.
Pro tip:
Squeezing out the sealant is quite simple - using a mounting gun. In its absence, you can use an ordinary hammer by inserting its handle into the tube and pressing like a piston.
Sealing sewer pipes with other sealants
In addition to the above means, sealing pipes for sewerage is also carried out using other means:
- Epoxy resin- at home, it serves, as well as glue based on it, the most common tool that is used when connecting sewer pipes.
- Portland cement is a fairly common component of most sealing mixtures - it is used in the preparation of mixtures from asbestos cement and when caulking the connection of the socket of pipes for sewerage from cast iron.
- Petroleum bitumen and asphalt mastic- will be required for the preparation of the fill, which is designed to seal joints and fill the sockets of ceramic pipelines.
- Hemp or jute rope, resin strand- are used when sealing sockets of pipes for sewerage made of cast iron and ceramics. The use of a combination of rope and resin impregnation would be preferred.
- Technical sulfur- used to ensure tightness, mainly, the joints of the sockets of pipes for sewerage made of cast iron. Before pouring into the joint slot, it should be crushed, and then heated until melting.
With such an abundance of materials, the question is unlikely to arise: “How to cover up the sewer pipe?”.
Classic socket seal
Traditionally, the joints of pipes for sewerage are sealed by caulking from the depth of the socket by 2/3 with a resin bundle, followed by pouring cement mortar into the remaining 1/3. In this case, the mass proportion of cement grade 300K to water will be 9:1.
A mixture of cement can be replaced with a mixture of asbestos cement, while the brand of cement should be 400 or higher with asbestos fiber content, the proportion of which is 2: 1. This mixture is prepared in advance, and immediately before the use process is diluted with water.
The laborious and tedious caulking of the sealant can be replaced by sealing the socket with cement, which has the properties of expansion and water impermeability, which is also capable of fairly rapid hardening, in parallel with self-compacting and expansion.
The junction of sewer pipes, that is, the connection of the sockets, is centered and completely filled with a solution that is made from expanding cement and water in a ratio that looks like this: 1: 2.5.
The choice of the sealing method itself is, in fact, of little importance, since all of the above means have a fairly high level of reliability. The main thing in this process will be a competent approach to the sealing process itself. After all, it is the sealing process that is the determining factor subsequently for the absence of leaks when the joints of sewer pipes are sealed.
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