Attached to a wooden house made of foam blocks. Extension of foam blocks to a wooden house: pros and cons, stages of construction Extension of gas blocks to a brick house

Extension to the house of foam blocks - simple and effective method improving the external appearance of a private dwelling and expanding it usable area. The special technical characteristics of such blocks ensure their demand among individual developers.

Foam concrete blocks - an easy-to-use building material

The process of erecting extensions from is characterized by low labor intensity and ease of installation. Such blocks have a number of unique characteristics. Let's highlight the main ones:

Incombustibility (foam concrete products comply with fire safety standards).
Affordable cost (compared to wooden beams and bricks).
Environmental Safety.
Creating an ideal microclimate for a person in a residential building due to the ability of the material to breathe.
Cellular structure, providing low thermal conductivity of the material.
Small mass (no need to equip an overly powerful foundation, which reduces the cost of building an extension to the house) and convenient for work.
High strength and long service life (foam concrete structures are built for 50–70 years).
Compliance of the material to processing (drilling, cutting, fitting to specified dimensions).

An extension of foam blocks is allowed to be erected on all types of soil. They are built even on very difficult soils. The structures of foam concrete that interest us can be attached to houses made of any materials. Foam concrete almost does not shrink during operation. This distinguishes it from wooden buildings, the walls of which are significantly reduced in height. Another advantage of foam concrete blocks is the ability to work with them without any special building skills. Almost every home craftsman will be able to attach a foam concrete structure to his home, spending a minimum of time and effort on such an operation.

We also note the shortcomings of the considered building material. There are few of them. Firstly, foam blocks outwardly do not look very presentable. Therefore, after the construction of the extension, you will have to spend money on its high-quality finish. Secondly, foam concrete is characterized by increased hygroscopicity. This necessitates the device additional protection erected walls.

Do-it-yourself design - no professional engineers needed!

A self-taught master may well develop a project for a new building on his own. It is not necessary to invite specialists in the field of architecture for these purposes. The appearance of the extension must match the design of the main building. When designing, it is important to do the following:

1. Competently calculate the load of the new structure on the ground. The power and type of the required foundation depends on its indicator.
2. Decide on the lighting option for the extension in order to provide for right amount window openings and mount them in the best places.
3. Decide how many entrances should be in the extension. You can design just one door, which will connect the main and additional structures. And if you wish, it is easy to make two exits (one - to the house, the second - to the street).
4. Decide on the need for additional noise and heat insulation of the new building, conducting water supply, electricity, and sewerage into it.

If you rationally design an additional structure, taking into account all of the above, you will be able to build a durable and easy-to-use room.

We build the foundation and erect the walls - the work of the master is afraid!

The issue of building the base of the extension should be approached truly responsibly. The reliability of the structure under construction depends on the quality of the foundation. In addition, you need to correctly pair the new base with the one already under the house. For an extension of foam concrete blocks, columnar, linear, pile-screw foundations. The latter are the most difficult to implement. Arrange them with your own hands home master is often not feasible. Linear bases are suitable for small and light structures, such as car garages, saunas. On such a foundation, an extension is most often installed to wooden house from foam blocks. In other cases, it is desirable to make the same foundation as under the main structure.

The scheme of its arrangement is simple:

You dig a pit a meter deep, pour sand or a fine-stone mixture into it (layer height - up to 20 cm).
Place the roofing material on the made pillow. You can use other waterproofing material.
Mount reinforcing bars, fill them with stones, pour concrete mortar.

The posts, which play the role of the base of the extension, can be connected to each other with wooden logs. But it is better to build an elementary formwork and fill it with a concrete mixture. As a result, you will receive a high-strength encircling foundation. Don't forget to cover it with another layer of waterproofing.

The walls of the extension always begin to mount from the corner. Laying of foam blocks of the first row is carried out on a sand-cement building mixture.

Important! All subsequent rows are laid on a special glue (sold in building stores), which is used to process the side and bottom sides of the installed foam concrete products. To reduce the risk of cold bridges, the seam should be made with a maximum thickness of 1 mm. The first row of masonry must be perfectly even. This can be achieved with a laser level.

In every fourth row, experts advise sawing a small groove and laying reinforcement in it. Such a precaution will protect the walls of the foam concrete extension from cracking. Note! Rows of blocks are mounted according to the standard ligation principle. The joints of individual products in adjoining lines should not coincide. Foam blocks protruding along the length when the building approaches the wall surface of the house should be cut with a hacksaw. This process is not difficult. Foam concrete is cut with minimal physical effort.

The final stages - the new building is almost ready!

Door and window openings in the constructed walls are equipped with special steel lintels or special parts in the shape of the Latin letter U. There is a slight subtlety here. U-shaped elements are mounted in cases where the width of windows and doors does not exceed 170 cm. If this figure is greater, it is necessary to install steel jumpers according to the following algorithm:

1. Weld the reinforcing cages required along the length.
2. Nail wooden support bars on the sides of the door (window) opening. Mount from above formwork structure from the forty board. Be sure to install shields on the sides of the opening.
3. Saw foam concrete products into blocks of small thickness and place them inside the formwork.
4. Mount the frame from the reinforcement, fix it with wood spacers.
5. Pour the foam blocks with ordinary water, then pour concrete around the perimeter of the walls.
6. The concrete mixture must be well compacted, leveled and smoothed.

U-shaped parts are mounted much easier and faster. Formwork for them does not need to be poured. Mount a foam block on the sides of the opening, in which you make an approximately 0.25-meter support in advance. Check the horizontal level of the latter (it is recommended to use a hose level). If necessary, grind the U-product with a float and install it on the adhesive (the hole should look up). Then put the armature, fasten it, spill it with water. It remains to fill the structure with several concrete layers, leveling and compacting each of them with a construction trowel.

In order for the attached garage, shed, utility room to have maximum reliability, it is advisable to strengthen the wall of the structure from the inside with an additional reinforced belt. The work is simple. Prepare templates from wood, lay pieces of reinforcement of a suitable length on them. Welding metal bars into a single skeleton. After that, fill the template with concrete, wait about 5-7 days.

Now you can start to mount the floors. They will hold the roof of the foam concrete building. Ceilings are usually made of hollow concrete slabs, aerated concrete blocks or wood. Wooden products should be treated without fail with bio- and fire-retardant mixtures. The roof is erected using conventional technology. Install wooden bars across the walls, make a truss system, mount a crate on it and lay the selected coating. Advice. Use metal tiles, profiled sheets or similar lightweight coverings.

Warming and ennoblement of the structure of foam blocks

The best option is when the extension will only adjoin the main building (a house made of wood, brick, stone) using an expansion joint. But it can also be rigidly fastened to it by attaching steel rods inserted into the masonry to the old reinforcing frame. Gaps between structures are filled mounting foam. Important point. If an extension is made to a wooden house, it is better not to use foam. Instead, stuff on both sides of the additional structure small bars. They will close all the gaps qualitatively.

The walls of the extension need to be thermally insulated and give them an attractive appearance. For this, decorative foam panels are suitable, which, after installation, are covered with a thin plaster layer. Outside, an extension of foam concrete products is usually ennobled artificial stone or decorative plaster.

Over time, in almost every family there is a need for additional living space. The ideal option there will be an extension to the house of aerated concrete with your own hands in compliance with the basic rules construction works. Considering everything undeniable advantages of this modern analogue of concrete, the construction of a new building will be quick, easy and will not require a lot of money.

Preparatory work

Before you make an extension of aerated concrete and start construction, you must obtain official permission from the relevant authorities. To do this, the design of a new part of the building is preliminarily done, preferably with the participation of specialists in order to avoid significant errors in self construction leading to destruction during operation.

Can serve as an accessory extra room, bedroom, veranda, kitchen, loggia, etc. When constructing any type of extension, the foundation and walls are mandatory elements. The roof can be made in the form of:

adjoining to the slope of the roof of the house;
adjoining to the gables;
general device truss system;
independent design option.

Attention: the construction of aerated concrete blocks is fast and does not require significant building knowledge and skills.

Given the differences in loads, it is recommended to make the foundation of a new building separately to prevent the formation of cracks in case of possible seasonal heaving of the soil. It is more rational to make the walls of the annex from modern analogues of concrete. We are talking about aerated concrete and blocks of this porous thermal insulation material. Aerated concrete is really very effective material, having a high degree of thermal insulation, due to the presence of a lower density and a large number of internal pores.

Features of aerated concrete

The more voids in the material, the higher its heat-saving property. It's confirmed construction practice on the example of hollow bricks. In aerated concrete, the pores are evenly distributed throughout the volume. A kind of foamed concrete is a material in the case of the construction of not a whole house, but its part in the form of an extension. Aerated concrete extension is an inexpensive and reasonable solution to the problem of lack of living space, especially if done by hand.

Tip: laying gas blocks is similar to masonry brick wall, the difference is only in size. Aerated concrete blocks have a standard of 20x20x40 cm.

The popularity of this building material is also due to its optimal strength, ease of use and high environmental friendliness. Aerated concrete walls "breathe" and do not create dampness in the room, they are built easily, quickly and without significant time and money.

Foundation - the basis of the extension

The construction of a new room in your house must be preceded by a mandatory foundation device for its load-bearing and internal walls. The connection scheme of two foundations, old and new, assumes the coincidence of the horizontal lines of buildings. Before starting the construction of a new foundation, the corners of the future building are measured. The diagonals of the resulting perimeter should be equal to each other and located at the same distance from existing walls at home. It is necessary to carry out a control measurement of the corners of the future building - they should be 90 degrees.

Under the walls of aerated concrete is selected standard thickness foundation. For middle lane- this is 40-50 cm. The depth of the foundation is chosen taking into account the depth of soil freezing in this climate zone. The optimal depth is usually considered to be 50-60 cm. After marking and earthworks on the construction of a trench under the foundation, it is necessary to reinforce it using metal elements to give the foundation more strength. Ribbed steel reinforcement is best suited for this purpose.

Important points of construction

Responsible moment for this stage construction, there is an obligatory binding of the new foundation and its armored belt to the old one. To do this, end cuts are made in the old foundation and the reinforcement of the new and old foundation is connected by welding or tying with a strong metal wire. After that, you can proceed directly to pouring the foundation. For this, preparation concrete mix from sand, gravel, cement and water. It is recommended to use cement high brand with a short shelf life, since the strength of cement is lost during long-term storage.

To prevent shrinkage of the walls during operation, the new foundation must be given time to stand and gain strength. This takes about two weeks. The plinth of a new building is laid out on the surface of the foundation. Usually brick is used for this purpose, because it is easily formed around the perimeter and gives good additional insulation from soil moisture. This is very important in our case, because aerated concrete has a porous structure that is prone to absorbing, absorbing moisture, which can further cause dampness in the corners of the house.

Attention: The finished foundation is covered with bitumen mastic and covered with roofing material for additional waterproofing.

After complying with all preparatory processes you can proceed directly to the construction of an extension of aerated concrete. In order to improve thermal insulation properties concrete with the help of foaming, its structure changes, pores form, the density of the source material decreases. It turns out that with an increase in the ability to save heat, some of the strength is lost and the ability to withstand loads decreases. Therefore, the construction of new buildings entirely from aerated concrete blocks requires special building technologies.

Features of working with aerated concrete

The construction of an extension to a house made of aerated concrete is technologically and economically justified and contains many advantages, namely:

there is no need for insulation;
walls to build easily and quickly;
construction skills are not required;
aerated concrete has optimal strength with high heat retention.

Aerated concrete blocks are produced in production in autoclaves, which significantly increases and provides a sufficiently high strength. Walls built of aerated concrete blocks 40 cm thick have heat retention equal to a meter thick brick wall. To simplify the installation and construction of walls made of aerated concrete allows its property to be sawn with a hacksaw. Installation of blocks for an extension is carried out using a special building adhesive or concrete mortar.

Tip: Working with aerated concrete blocks conducted exclusively in dry weather, as it is very hygroscopic.

A feature of working with aerated concrete is also the need to cover it with waterproofing layers. Typically, such walls are plastered from the outside and inside. The extension will be even warmer, drier and more reliable if fiberglass is glued to its surface before applying putty and plaster. After the final layer of plaster, the facades of the walls made of aerated concrete blocks are painted or subjected to another design at the request of the developer.

As you can see, aerated concrete has a number of advantages and advantages in the construction of attached premises, especially good heat preservation and ease of installation. The construction of the roof for such a building is best done from shingles, bituminous slate and other non-heavy roofing analogues.

Making an extension to a wooden house is not at all as difficult as it seems at first glance, but before you start doing your plan, you need to decide on the material from which the extension will be made. Foam blocks are considered the most popular building material for building extensions.

An extension to the house is one of the easiest and most rational ways to expand your living space.

Advantages and disadvantages of concrete blocks

Advantages of using foam concrete blocks: high level of thermal protection, good sound insulation and fire resistance, lightness compared to other building materials, strength, ease of installation, simplicity and low cost of finishing after the construction of the building. In general, the technology for building an extension from foam blocks is similar to brickwork. However, an extension made of foam blocks in most cases is cheaper than a brick one: firstly, due to the lower cost of the material and lightness, which allows you to save on the foundation without sacrificing safety; and secondly, thanks to a simpler construction technology than brickwork. Installation of foam blocks does not require special skills, it takes less time and effort to lay the blocks. Also, foam blocks are environmentally friendly, safe for humans, have low thermal conductivity, are not flammable and practically do not shrink.

But the foam block has one significant drawback: it is prone to freezing in areas with a harsh climate due to its high hygroscopicity. However, this is a solvable problem; during construction, it will be necessary to take more care of the waterproofing and thermal insulation.

Features of the construction of an extension

Before starting construction, it is necessary to conduct an examination wooden building. At the same time, the walls are checked and rotten logs are replaced in the processes. Also find out the depth of the existing foundation and its dimensions.

Before the construction of the foundation of the annex, next to the existing foundation, a small trench is dug, and reinforcing bars are introduced into the foundation itself to fasten the future foundation to the present one.

Construction of the foundation and walls of the annex

The first step is the foundation.

Foam blocks are a relatively light building material, which allows you to arrange a simpler foundation.

Depending on the height of the extension, a tape or monolithic type of foundation is chosen. But it is important that the construction of the foundation of the extension is similar to the foundation of the main building. The depth of occurrence, the values of shrinkage of the foundations must match. Before starting the laying of the concrete solution, formwork is arranged, which is removed only after the composition has solidified (about three days). On the surface of the foundation, waterproofing must be tripled (for example, a layer of sealing mastic with insulation and a bituminous layer). Then the ruberoid layer is laid. To connect the foundation with load-bearing walls, reinforcing pins with a diameter of at least 12 are most often used.

It is best to start building walls a year after the foundation is completed - this will reduce the inevitable subsidence of the foundation. The construction of the walls of the extension is carried out in a similar way. brickwork. Used as a binder cement-sand mortar or special glue, which is selected depending on the season of construction. To avoid the occurrence of cold bridges, the thickness of the seam between the blocks should not exceed 3 mm. Laying is done layer by layer, starting from the end. If the extension is planned to be converted into a boiler room in the future, then the walls must be insulated without fail, polystyrene foam or mineral wool can be used as a heater.

Foam blocks are environmentally friendly, cost-effective and efficient in construction.

The key moment of construction is the connection of the extension with the outer walls. wooden house. Most often, reinforcing bars with a diameter of 10 and above are used for this. Every three rows at the ends of the building saw holes with a diameter of 60 mm, a depth of 50 mm. Then a hole for the reinforcement is knocked out, which is filled with glue. Thus, the foam block extension will be connected to a wooden building. If desired, you can not connect the walls at all - just lay a gap between them mineral wool or any other insulation or mounting foam, and close the space itself with a plank or bars that are stuffed onto the walls of the house on both sides of the extension. A few years after the construction of the extension, the connections are made rigid with metal fasteners.

Installation of ceilings and roofs, facade decoration

For the installation of additional floors, you can use both slab flooring and flooring along wooden beams. It is best to use aerated concrete slabs or hollow concrete slabs. For beam ceiling best solution will become pine timber, which must necessarily be treated with an antiseptic and fire-fighting impregnation - so the timber floor will last much longer. For the installation of the ceiling, filing is made of plywood sheets, light boards and chipboard.

After the completion of the construction of the extension, you can proceed to the insulation and decoration of the outer walls. Most often, expanded polystyrene panels are used for this, and siding, lining, decorative rock with pre-plastered walls.

It is better to make the roof of the extension uncontinuous. The covering of the extension is carried out 20-30 mm below the roof of a wooden building, I overlap it, which will not allow snow and rain to penetrate under the roof. As a roofing material, it is best to choose light metal tiles or a profiled sheet so as not to load too much. bearing walls. As constructive solution choose a simple pitched roof, which will be easy to erect and will not require significant costs for design and construction. At the same time, on upper layer blocks are laid Mauerlat, which is fixed on the walls. Then rafters and diagonal ones are installed on the Mauerlat rafter legs, on top of which the crate is fixed. The selected roofing material is placed on the crate. Rafters are best secured with a sled, and not metal corners. This will avoid the inevitable settlement of the building displacement of the roof.

An extension to a foam block house is one of the easiest and most rational ways to expand your living space.

Obviously, the implementation of an extension from foam blocks is not as difficult as it seems at first glance. The main thing is to choose correct design foundation and observe the technology of masonry construction. Then there should be no problems during operation and the extension will serve for many years together with the main wooden building.

The need to add additional space often arises. Garage, boiler room, economic block- all these premises are most convenient to have nearby, at hand. In addition, the size of the plot does not always allow the construction of the desired building in the distance. Most simple solution the question is the construction of an aerated concrete extension to the house.

Expert opinion

Sergey Yurievich

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The main issues that arise during the design are the type of foundation and the method of connecting the extension to the wall of the house. The quality of the solution of these problems depends on the durability and stability of the new structure.

foundation type

Most often, the foundation is built separately from the general foundation of the house. This is due to two reasons:

Lack of a common foundation area on which to build additional area. There are no questions here - when building a house, it is very rare that the foundation is immediately poured under the future extension.
The need to decoupling the foundations of the house and the aerated concrete outbuilding due to the difference in weight. The load that an aerated concrete extension to the house will inevitably create may be unbearable for the foundation of the main structure. It was not meant to be accepted. excess weight, as a result of the appearance of an additional load, there is a risk of distortions, settlement or other violations of the geometry of the foundation.

Only right decision there will be a separate foundation. Now you need to decide which type of foundation will be the most correct. There are several factors to consider here:

What is the purpose of the extension to the house - it will be residential or Auxiliary room whether it will be heated, etc.
The size of the additional room.
Hydrogeological conditions of the site, depth of occurrence ground water and soil composition.
Is it planned to create a basement, cellar, etc.

All these factors together will determine the value bearing capacity and type of foundation.

Possible types of foundation

Slab. Has a shape monolithic slab located on a sand and gravel cushion. It performs well on heaving soils with noticeable seasonal shifts - the base “floats” on the surface, changing its position along with the ground. The disadvantage of this type is the high complexity of work and the inability to build a basement or cellar.
Tape. The most common type of foundation. Allows you to make a basement, and it can be built later, when the construction of the walls is completed. The costs for such a base are lower than for a slab, labor costs are much less.
Pile. This foundation is used in areas with high level ground water. Piles are driven (or screwed, poured) into the ground until contact with solid layers appears. The support is strong and reliable, but the construction of the basement is excluded. In addition, driving piles in the immediate vicinity of a residential building is dangerous. The output can be screw piles which can be screwed by hand.

The choice of one or another type of foundation depends on the capabilities of the site and the owner of the house. When the construction of extensions from aerated concrete is carried out to brick house, then the value of the additional load is in any case less than the main one. For wooden houses, especially wireframe ones, the situation may turn out to be reversed.

Expert opinion

Sergey Yurievich

Construction of houses, outbuildings, terraces and verandas.

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For small outbuildings, a tape shallow-depth type of foundation is most often used, less often a slab type, for which they use ready-made reinforced concrete slabs laid on an ASG pillow. It should be borne in mind that for laying the slabs, equipment is needed that does not always have the ability to drive up to the house at a close distance due to the presence of other buildings or other obstacles.

Work order

First of all, it is necessary to draw up a project plan for the work being prepared and obtain all necessary permits. The procedure is quite lengthy, but the consequences of unauthorized construction can be more unpleasant.

Then the construction of the foundation begins. The site is carefully marked, the corners are marked with pegs, between which the cords are pulled. According to them, the correctness of the trenching under the base will be controlled.
At the bottom of the trench, ASG 10-15 cm thick is poured to level and create a drainage layer. Carefully rammed.
Formwork is installed, the inner surface is lined with roofing material (hydroprotection), a reinforcing cage is being constructed.
Concrete is poured, the tape is aged until completely dry.
The formwork is dismantled, the second stage begins - the construction of walls.

Expert opinion

Sergey Yurievich

Construction of houses, outbuildings, terraces and verandas.

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Aerated concrete is a simple and easy-to-use material. It is relatively light, stacked like a brick, but the size of the blocks greatly speeds up the work.

An extension to a wooden house made of aerated concrete can be carried out even by an unprepared person without experience, the main thing is to learn some rules. For example:

Use familiar cement mortar not recommended, you will need a special glue.
Foam concrete is soft, it can be cut with a regular carpentry hacksaw, which allows you to very carefully adjust the size of the blocks.
Nails do not stick to the material. Anchors must be used.

The walls are raised to the desired height, tied with a power plate, on which the truss system is installed. Most often, an extension to a foam concrete house has a flat shed roof, which greatly simplifies the installation of rafters. The slope of the roof should be directed away from the walls.

Connecting the extension to the walls of the house

A serious question is how best to attach the extension to the walls of the house. To save materials and labor, they often try to use the wall of the house as the fourth wall of the extension. Under no circumstances should this be done. Seasonal soil movements and natural shrinkage of an extension to an aerated concrete house will cause changes in the geometry of the walls, which is fraught with the formation of cracks or even destruction.

It is impossible to connect the walls of the house and the annex, in fact, a separate building is needed, only erected close to the house.

All junction areas must have elastic expansion joints that compensate for the movement of the extension or the main structure. The junction of the roof to the wall is also equipped with a movable elastic joint, which provides the possibility of smooth movement without violating the tightness of the seam.

Expert opinion

Sergey Yurievich

Construction of houses, outbuildings, terraces and verandas.

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Construction of an aerated concrete extension wooden walls performed quite simply. The main condition is not to tie them together in a rigid way and to ensure the flow of rainwater away from the walls. All other issues are resolved in the usual way: the floors are poured with a screed, the ceiling is most often made of wood in order to lighten the weight of the annex. Work must be carried out in the warm season, for which it will be necessary to calculate in advance the timing of all necessary operations. With a small amount of additional space, the work can be completely done alone or with an assistant during one warm season.

Video about an aerated concrete extension to a wooden house

An extension to a house made of foam blocks is quite common. The price of the material is not high and it will not take much time to build.

Today we will tell you how to make an extension to the house of foam blocks with your own hands. This process is step-by-step, and below will be instructions on the rules for performing the work. Also on the video in this article you can see the process of doing the work.

Making an extension

An extension of foam blocks to a wooden house can be made, and some people also want to make an extension of foam blocks to a brick house. Fundamentally, these two options do not differ. Here it will be easy different mount mortgages at the junction.

First of all, it is necessary to make a project for an extension to the house from foam blocks and designate expansion joint, you can see it in the photo. It is here that it will be necessary to make a connection and, moreover, it should be quite rigid.

Advantages, advantages and disadvantages of foam concrete

Before doing the construction of an extension to the house from foam blocks, you need to figure out how much given material will suit you. They are easy to install and relatively light.

Comparing with other species building materials have a number of advantages:

Advantages

Laying foam blocks does not require special professionalism. It is quite possible to build an extension from foam blocks on your own. And, on this you will not save badly;

The laying process does not take a long time;
Foam concrete does not burn and does not support combustion;
Having a porous structure, foam concrete blocks have minimal shrinkage.

Foam concrete blocks are environmentally friendly;
Due to their porosity, the blocks have low thermal conductivity;
The durability of foam plastic structures reaches at least 50 years;
Ease of processing: it can be cut with a conventional wood saw;
Strength of foam concrete structures;
Thanks to the cellular structure, it is able to "breathe";
Possibility of construction on all types of soil;
Construction speed;
Relatively low cost.

Attention: The relatively light weight of foam concrete blocks allows you to abandon a powerful foundation, saving some money.

Flaws

At the same time, blocks have several disadvantages:

Buildings made of foam blocks require protection from atmospheric influences;
They are not attractive appearance, which entails the need for external decoration.

What kind of houses can you join?

The construction of an extension from foam blocks should be carried out consciously and deliberately. In some cases, you will not be able to apply this material.

You can attach an additional room only to a solid building. According to some experts, if the building is more than 15 years old, then it is necessary to make the necessary calculations to determine its strength, and only after that something can be built near this building.
Given that the construction leads to redevelopment of housing, then you need to obtain permission for such construction.
Do-it-yourself extension to the house from foam blocks will have significant weight, and after installation it should not lead the main structure.

How to make an extension of foam blocks: the main steps

During the construction of an extension, there is a specificity, which consists in carrying out several technological operations following each other.

Foundation

The durability of the future extension directly depends on the correct choice of the type of foundation. At the same time, it is very important that the new foundation is paired with the old one correctly. This issue must be worked out very carefully.

Connect new foundation with the old one in several ways:

Hard connection. It can be done using metal fittings followed by pouring the foundation. This connection requires accurate calculations and is applied in relation to powerful, well-established foundations of the main extension. The main condition for such a connection is the impossibility of a new foundation in any way affecting the strength of the main structure.
Formation of a deformation seam. The easiest way to connect, which can not harm the building. Such a connection can be made in the following ways:

Tape;
columnar;
pile.

The main condition for such a connection is the strength of the base of the extension. At the same time, it is not recommended to strongly disturb the soil around the house and give preference to shallowly buried types of foundations. As a rule, at this stage the question arises - does the new base need to be tied up with the old one?

It depends on many factors and is feasible under certain conditions:

Not heaving soil;
Dressing is carried out below the freezing point of the soil;
The dressing must be strong and withstand all major loads.

Attention: It is very difficult to fulfill the very last paragraph of the condition, and therefore it is worth stopping at the option that does not have a dressing with the old foundation.

At the junction of the old and new foundations, a expansion joint from roofing felt or other waterproofing material. The seam must be processed in such a way that moisture cannot enter it.

Wall construction

After looking at the projects of extensions to the house from foam blocks, basically you will see that the foundation is made independent and the masonry is done as in a separate building. Like laying bricks, it starts from the corners of the building. When laying out the corners, you need to control the horizontal and verticality of each foam block using building level.

So:

The lower part of the block is moistened for better adhesion to the solution;
To protect the masonry from capillary moisture, a waterproofing compound is applied to the first row;
Each subsequent layer should be moistened;
The first row is laid out very high quality. The quality of the entire masonry will depend on this;
To get stitches minimum thickness, for masonry, use an adhesive solution;
Glue must be applied to both the horizontal and vertical faces of the block;
Each laid out row is aligned in a horizontal plane;
Every 3-5 rows, it is recommended to reinforce the foam concrete masonry. To do this, a groove is knocked out along the perimeter of the extension in foam concrete, into which reinforcement is laid, after which the groove is smeared with glue.

Wall joints

This refers to the junction of the new and old wall. If a foam block is used, then there should not be any special problems, since it practically does not shrink.

Despite this, small shifts will be due to subsidence of the foundation. Some shrinkage will occur in the first few years, which can lead to gaps at the joints. But they will not be significant, and you can put up with it.

An extension to a wooden house made of foam blocks can be made with ordinary nails. They are simply driven into the wall and put into the seam. It is also desirable to apply a layer of waterproofing on a wooden surface.

Attention: When carrying out communications, such as electrical wiring or pipelines, it is necessary to take into account the probability of shifts of the walls in relation to each other, or in the first year, they should be completely abandoned. As a rule, in such places, electrical wiring is bred in corrugated hoses or pipes.

When conducting further work the following recommendations should be taken into account:

When designing the roof of an extension, it is necessary to take into account the possibility of movement;
For exterior decoration, it is desirable to choose materials and apply technologies that allow a slight displacement. It can be lining, siding, plastic, etc.;
The design of the joints should not allow moisture ingress. AT winter period moisture can freeze and significantly move the new wall away from the old one.

Attention: And yet, if you use foam concrete blocks for the construction of an extension, you can avoid much big problems than traditional building materials.

Window and door lintels

Door and window lintels can be installed if the width of the opening does not exceed 1.75 m. With large openings, foam concrete blocks will not be able to withstand such loads.

In such cases, more durable material such as cinder blocks or bricks. In reality, no one makes such large openings, especially when building an extension.

Knowing the thickness of the future floor, you can determine the height of the jumpers.

They can be done in two ways:

With formwork, which is then removed.
With fixed formwork.

The first method involves the following actions:

First you need to weld the reinforcing cage of the required length;
On the sides of the window or doorway, a formwork of wooden panels is mounted;
Foam blocks are cut into several narrow parts, which are then laid along the edges of the formwork from the inside;
Then, a frame welded from reinforcement is installed inside the formed “trough” and securely fixed;
Before pouring, the surface of the blocks must be moistened, after which they are poured concrete mortar;
After pouring, the surface of the future jumper is carefully smoothed and leveled relative to the foam blocks.

Attention: When using the second method, U-shaped blocks are used. In this case, there is no need to install formwork, which significantly reduces the construction time of the extension.

Before installing U-shaped blocks, the following work should be done:

Take two blocks and cut off part of the support (about 25 cm), after which they are installed along the edges of the opening;
With the help of a building level and a flat rail, their horizontalness is checked. In case of any deviations, their position is corrected with the help of a polished skin;
Between these blocks, U-shaped blocks are laid with the hole up, using an adhesive mixture;
A reinforcement frame is laid in the resulting recesses and firmly fixed.

The inside of the recess is wetted with water and poured with concrete, after which it is carefully compacted with a trowel.

Armo-belt installation

In order to increase the strength of the entire structure and increase its resistance against wind and other deformation forces, an armored belt is mounted on top of the gypsum block structures. We can immediately say that the blocks are laid out to a certain height, after which the armored belt will go.

As a rule, it is made directly on the wall using the following technology:

A wooden formwork is installed along the perimeter of the walls, which is laid out from the inside with narrow fragments of gypsum blocks;
Prepared reinforcement frames are installed in the free space, which are then welded together along the entire perimeter of the extension;
The inside of this gutter is wetted with water and filled with concrete mortar, which is carefully rammed with a trowel.

If you look closely at the technology of obtaining reinforced belt, then it exactly corresponds to the technology for arranging door and window lintels. After filling the belt with concrete, you need to give it some time so that it strengthens and settles, since the rest of the structure, the roof, will rely on it.

overlap

The extension of the foam blocks to the house after the masonry has completely dried is overlapped:

AT this case you can make a ceiling of wood or aerated concrete slabs.
As for the small extension, it is mainly done in it wooden floor. It should be remembered, however, that all wooden details must be treated with fire-resistant compounds, as well as compounds that increase the resistance of the wooden structure against decay and the formation of fungus.
The wooden floor is mounted directly on the armored belt, so it is very important that it hardens well.
The basis of the roof is also wooden structure consisting of a truss system. In this case, care must be taken to ensure that the roof has as little weight as possible.
To do this, it is better to use light materials as a roofing material, such as: ondulin, metal tiles, shingles etc. For this purpose modern roofing materials having not only light weight, but also good appearance.
It is also very important to fit well new roof with the old one to make one whole, and also there were no smudges. It should be remembered that the liquid is able to find the thinnest gap and seep inside, which is absolutely unacceptable.
After the completion of the construction of the building, it must be insulated and lined decorative material. The easiest, cheapest and most affordable is to use foam panels followed by sanding and painting.
A good option is to use siding as the easiest to install, relatively inexpensive and durable finishing material.
As exterior finish you can apply decorative plaster or artificial stone.

Regardless of whether an extension is made of foam blocks to log house or brick. Must be applied outer coating. The foam block will then serve much longer. Otherwise, when saturated with water, it will gradually collapse.