Smokehouse of cold smoking from a brick. Smokehouse in the country house made of bricks. Laying the bottom of a brick smokehouse

A brick smokehouse is not so common and is often found in country houses. It's all about its manufacture, a do-it-yourself brick smokehouse will require not only investments, but also knowledge in installation. Although this is a wonderful design that allows you to smoke products not only for yourself, but also for sale.

Today we will tell you how to make a brick smokehouse with your own hands. The video in this article will show you the principle of operation of this installation, and you can do all the work yourself.

Making a smokehouse

First you need to decide on the design. It can be a cold-smoked brick and hot smokehouse. There will be a significant difference in the installation.

Attention: Smoke in a cold-smoked smokehouse should enter the chamber already cold. Therefore, the smoke path is made longer. The price and dimensions of the installation increase from this.

Do-it-yourself brick smokehouse you can make drawings for yourself. But you can see the principle of work in the photo. We keep the fire in the hearth, and the smoke moves along the adit towards the chamber.

If this interval is short, then the smoke will not have time to cool and the smoking will be hot. When cooled, it will enter the chamber cold, and it will already be cold smoking.

What to prepare

In order to make smokehouses out of bricks with your own hands, you need to prepare all the necessary materials:

Special refractory brick, since the use of other types of bricks is not recommended, especially silicate. It will go for the working part and the firebox. For finishing, you can apply the front material.
Clay. For heat resistance of masonry, a clay-based mortar is used. You can use ready-made solutions purchased at hardware stores. The advantage of such solutions is that they should only be diluted with water.
Shovel and container for mixing the solution.
Smokehouse doors.
Level
Spatula and trowel for masonry.
A hammer.
Sand, gravel, cement or concrete slab.
Metal bars and gratings.

Attention: Pure cement mortar cannot be used for such masonry, because it quickly cracks due to temperature, although cement can be added a little to clay mortar for its great elasticity. Then the seams are very thin, as needed.

Preparing for the hearth

This base can be laid out with ordinary brick or poured with concrete, having previously made the formwork, according to the overall dimensions of the smokehouse.

This basis can also be done in this way:

Attention: Instead of such operations, you can purchase a concrete slab, which will successfully replace the concrete pour.

In place of the future smokehouse, a hole is dug according to its size.
Crushed stone and sand are poured into the bottom of this pit (sand is poured first) and compacted.
A metal grate is laid on top of the gravel and poured with concrete. If the smokehouse is not large, then you can not reinforce the foundation, but simply fill it with concrete.

Now we are making a high-quality foundation for the smokehouse itself, here it will already be necessary to make a powerful foundation. For this, a slab structure is mainly made. So we mark up and dig a hole. Its depth should be at least 40 cm. You can see the filling scheme in the photo, and we will not dwell on this.

Attention: This will be the base for the smoke cabinet. So it will be necessary to provide a place for laying a pipe for smoke supply.

masonry

Do-it-yourself brick smokehouse is made according to certain rules and in the right sequence. It will take a little time to build a small object if all the necessary preparatory work is done in time and the necessary material is purchased.

The laying of such objects is carried out only with a special brick. In this case, it is a refractory and red brick intended for furnace work.

So:

First, the chimney is laid in the ground. The width of this channel is 35 cm, the height of the channel is 25 cm, its length is 250-300 cm. The smoking chamber is usually located at the end of the chimney channel. The height of this chamber is approximately 150 cm.
The chamber is laid out in a quarter of a brick, using a clay (or clay-based) mortar.
The combustion chamber will also be of the same height. When performing work, it is necessary to check that the smoking chamber is higher than the combustion chamber, and the slope of the chimney channel is about 8 degrees.
After digging the chimney channel, it is rammed and laid out with bricks. Masonry is also carried out in a quarter of a brick. After the chimney channel has dried, it is covered with earth.
The soil layer should be about 15 cm. Usually, smokehouses are installed on country or homestead farms, but even then on those whose area allows this.

Attention: It is possible to build a smokehouse out of bricks correctly only with the correct dressing of the bricks. The seam should never match. It is also better to put a metal mesh in order, this will significantly strengthen the design.

Fasteners

Such fasteners are necessary for fastening smoked items. At the same time, they are arranged in such a way that it is possible to conveniently place the workpieces.

If there are 8 rods, then 4 rods are attached at a height of 70 cm from the lower level - for hot smoking, and the next 4 rods are attached at a height that is 25 cm less than the upper level of the smoking chamber - for cold smoking. At the same time, these fasteners are laid in the process of laying the chamber by bricking into the brickwork.

For a large smokehouse, a filter that you can make yourself from burlap will not hurt. To do this, a round (or square) metal blank is made, on which a piece of burlap is attached. When using a filter, it must be constantly moistened with water.

The smoking chamber must have doors that close tightly. You can make them from wood, but then they will have to be protected from fire with something. It is best to use metal (sheet) for this, which is devoid of such shortcomings, and such a door will last much longer.

Attention: it will be necessary to put various doors in the masonry. Before installation, it is necessary to wrap the metal with an asbestos cord at the place of attachment. Then the metal will not give you problems during expansion.

A larger smokehouse is more like a small house and occupies a significant area. The construction of such a smokehouse is justified if it is intended to do business.

For her, you should choose the right place, which should have a lot of free space around. Such a capital structure should be placed at a certain distance from the house so that the smoke does not interfere and does not enter the house.

For correct installation:

For hot smoking, the design of the smokehouse must be such that the smoke from the combustion chamber enters directly into the smoking chamber, and the smoking chamber is firmly closed.

For cold smoking, the smokehouse design must contain elements that can provide conditions for cold smoking. To do this, valves are used to remove excess smoke.

A large smokehouse for a country house makes it possible to provide smoked meats not only for your family, but also for your neighbors. In addition, in such a smokehouse you can cook not only smoked products, but also cook roasts and other delicacies. It’s just that at the design stage it is necessary to provide for this and provide the smokehouse with all the necessary fasteners for hanging or laying products.

Such a design should have a whole system of various valves in order to maintain the required temperature in the smoking chamber. For such a design, it is necessary to provide several small windows for ventilation, since large batches of products are supposed to be smoked. If this is not done, then it will hardly be possible to get a good end result.

At the design stage, a place for firewood should be provided. It will be superfluous to remind that the firewood must be dry and constantly under cover. Since the smokehouse is not small, then a lot of firewood is needed. A large smokehouse necessarily requires a filter (it was mentioned above) and a pan to collect fat. The pallet can be made from sheet metal. It is best to use stainless steel for the pallet, which will last much longer than ordinary metal. It fits better in terms of sanitation.

If the area of \u200b\u200bthe summer cottage allows, then it is possible to provide for the installation of a barbecue in the design of the smokehouse. If you design it together with a smokehouse, then it will not take up much space. For its operation, you can use the combustion chamber of the smokehouse or provide a separate firebox. The presence of a barbecue will expand the functionality of the smokehouse. Moreover, it will be convenient and practical in terms of the use of such a building, and convenient for the owners. It is better, of course, if the brazier is equipped with its own combustion chamber and provided for it in this design, its own, convenient place so that it does not interfere with the smoking process, but this option is time-consuming and not profitable from a financial point of view.

From the foregoing, one conclusion can be drawn: such a design of a smokehouse takes up a lot of space, involves a large investment of time and money for its construction, and therefore the construction of a large smokehouse in a summer cottage is not always justified. Such investments require a return, especially since such structures require constant work to recoup the costs.

How to make a door for a structure

It is believed that a wooden door is needed for a smokehouse in a house. But since the temperature inside the chamber is quite high, it should be protected from fire. It may not light up, but there will be a lot of fumes.

For protection, a clay solution is used, with which all wooden parts are coated from the inside. Coating is carried out at the very last moment, when the smokehouse is already lined with bricks and it only remains to dry well before use. The door is coated and left in this state until completely dry.

Of course, if you often use such a smokehouse, then the door will quickly fail, and the clay may crumble. For a large smokehouse, a sheet metal door is better suited. This door will last much longer. The only drawback of such a door is that it will get very hot and you can get burned. But there is a way out.

Such a door can be made puff like a pie. To do this, it is necessary to make two blanks of metal, inside which the same sheet of asbestos should be placed. Then both metal sheets are welded together. A handle and a deadbolt are welded onto the outer sheet of metal to securely close such a door. At such a door, the outer sheet of metal will practically not heat up and it will last much longer than wood.

In this way, you can also make a barbecue with a brick smokehouse. There is no fundamental difference here, just the area occupied will be larger. With the right manufacture of a do-it-yourself brick smokehouse, it will last a long time and will not cause you problems.

Think carefully and prepare a place for the construction of a smokehouse. Clear the area of debris, grass, branches and leaves. A small smokehouse is poured with an appropriate foundation - a depth of 30-40 cm will be enough. If the smokehouse is planned to be of an impressive size (for frequent and mass use - production), then it is necessary to fill the foundation to the depth of freezing of the ground cover, using reinforced concrete.

Prepare the following materials for the construction of a brick smokehouse: refractory bricks, clay, one or more grates for smoking products (depending on the planned size of the building and its intended purpose), a wooden door, metal rods, a metal lid, a plumb line, a spatula, a hammer, a trowel, shovel, basin or trough for clay mortar, tape measure, level. Provide a place in the ground for the installation of a future chimney. The length of the hole in the closed part of the channel should be 25-30 cm, width - 35 cm, height - 25 cm. .

The smoking chamber is located at the end of the line and should not exceed a height of 150 cm. Build the chamber using the “on edge” masonry method.

For the upcoming laying of the channel, dig a small ditch 55 cm wide and 35 cm long. Be sure to take into account the fact that the firebox (combustion chamber) cannot be located above the smoking chamber. If you are building a smokehouse on a hill, then you will not have to perform additional actions. If in your case there is no elevation, then the chimney channel must be made with a slope of about 8 degrees.
The bottom must be well tamped and brick laying should begin, exposing two bricks end-to-end in length. It is advisable to foresee the composition of the masonry mortar in advance and give preference to clay mixtures that do not emit toxins when heated and do not collapse. Let's start laying the walls of the chimney. The walls are erected on a laid brick foundation using the edgewise method. The dressing of the seams in all rows should be identical. The end result is a 25 cm brick wall in 2 rows. Let's move on to blocking the channel. You can cover with bricks. For people who have some experience in construction, a completely logical question may arise: “How to make an overlap in this way if the channel is 35 cm wide and the standard brick is 25 cm long?”. In fact, everything is simple - we cover not with a flat ceiling, but with a “house”. This masonry allows you to overlap with bricks end-to-end along the length. If possible, cover the channel also on mud for the highest strength. Be sure to cover all the cracks and holes formed along the way with a solution.

The final step is to install the main element - the smoking chamber. It is good if, when installing the camera, the channel goes no more than 30 cm deep.

After completing all the above steps, let the building dry enough and stand for several days. After that, cover everything with a layer of soil of 15 cm - to the level of the smoking chamber.

If you are building a large smokehouse, be sure to consider the valve on the chimney. Such equipment will allow you to control the flow of smoke and the temperature of smoking. When planning the construction, provide in the plan for small windows for ventilation.

Many of us simply adore all kinds of smoked foods - meat, fish, even vegetables. However, sometimes not only prices in stores scare, but also quality. It has long been proven that quite often in stores they sell not smoked meats at all, but an imitation of such products. Special mixtures allow you to give the same fish a smoked aroma and taste. Alas, the quality leaves much to be desired.

So why not make your own smokehouse? Finding really good products for smoking is not difficult, and the cooking process itself is nothing complicated. But you will be sure that your smoked meat or your favorite beer mackerel will be natural and safe. But most importantly - incredibly tasty.

But first you need to build this very smokehouse. That is what we are going to talk about today.

Things to consider before building

Consider the following points:

Location. It is necessary to find the optimal place where you can place the smokehouse. It should not cause discomfort to you or your neighbors. The smell of smoked meats, of course, is pleasant, but not everyone wants to feel it 24 hours a day.
Material. Now the smokehouse can be made from anything, up to the old refrigerator. However, the best option is brick. Please note that the brick is extremely refractory.
Type of smoking. There are two of them - cold and hot. The design of the device depends on the type chosen. Therefore, think in advance what exactly you want to get as a result.
Products. You probably already thought that you were going to smoke. Different products have their own requirements for this. The construction of the smokehouse largely depends on this. For some products, you need to adapt the device. Learn it.

Types of smoking

Smoking is a very ancient way of cooking. It allows you to effectively use the possibilities of the tree. When a certain temperature is reached, the wood slowly smolders, emits the necessary smoke, due to which the smoke occurs.

The very same smoking is of two types:

hotter;
cold.

Cold is considered a more expensive method, but the cooked dish itself is stored longer.

Hot smoking does not allow the dish to be stored for so long after cooking, but the products are more aromatic and tastier.

The main difference between them lies in the design. So, if hot smokehouses have an ignition center directly under the chamber, then a cold one means placing the hearth aside, and a special device is supplied to the chamber where smoking takes place - a smoke supply.

Location selection

The brick smokehouse is located permanently. Therefore, it will not be possible to move it from place to place. This suggests that the place should be chosen with great care.

To begin with, we select a convenient site located at a certain distance from the house itself. You will be dealing with a lot of smoke and it is not desirable for it to fall into living spaces. In addition, this smoke can harm trees, your plantings. Therefore, finding a suitable place will not be so easy.

It all depends on each house individually. But you already know the main points for choosing a place.

Design

As we have already noted, smokehouses in our time are made from almost everything that is at hand. But brick devices can also have different schemes, depending on the size, type of smoking, and so on.

One way or another, the main structural elements remain unchanged:

Fireplace;
grate;
Firebox;
Grid or holders (on which products are smoked);
Lid;
Bricks.

If we are talking about cold smoking, a smoke supply is necessarily added to the design, and the firebox itself is not located under the grates, but on the side, in order to avoid the direct influence of smoldering wood on products located above.

Construction stages

Having decided to make your own smokehouse, you need to clearly distribute the planned work, dividing them into stages in the correct sequence. It is better to prepare thoroughly, and not act instinctively from step to step. So you can miss important points and make serious mistakes.

The construction of a smokehouse can be divided into several main stages:

preparatory activities.
Selection of tools and materials.
Laying the foundation for the future structure.
Brickwork.
Organization of a supply for smoke (if we are talking about a cold smokehouse).
Putting the device into operation.

Preparatory work

Without preparatory measures, it is rather problematic to make a really high-quality and effective smokehouse.

Preparation consists, first of all, in choosing the type of device. Like it or not, hot smoking differs from cold smoking not only in the result of cooking, but also in the design features of the device itself.

After you have decided on the type of smoking, you need to carefully consider the place to place the structure. We have already told you about the selection rules, so there should be no problems.

Don't forget the importance of quality materials. The better the brick and related elements are, the longer and more reliably your miracle device will serve you.

By preparing the drawings, as well as making step-by-step notes for future construction, you will make it easier for yourself. So you can act strictly according to the plan, do not deviate from what was planned. As a result, there are fewer errors, the result is better.

As an example, we offer one of the drawings of a smokehouse when combined with an oven and a stove for cooking - the most popular option.

Drawing of a smokehouse with a brazier.

Required Tools

Of course, without the appropriate tools and materials, it makes no sense to start work. And for the manufacture of a smokehouse, you must have:

Brick (ceramic or special refractory, but not silicate);
Clay (it can be replaced with ready-made dry mixes);
Shovel;
Solution container;
Doors made of wood for a smokehouse;
Metal lattice or rods on which the products will be placed;
metal roof (if a small device is being made);
A hammer;
Building level;
Trowel and spatula;
A set of components for the foundation.

Foundation

The foundation must be discussed separately. For its organization, you can use a metal mesh with concrete, gravel and sand, or a concrete slab.

If you decide to make a concrete pillow, then the sequence of your actions will be as follows:

First, a hole of the required depth is dug.
After that, sand with crushed stone is poured onto the bottom of the resulting pit. Try to compact this layer tightly, make it even.
Then a metal mesh is laid in the pit and poured with concrete.

All that remains is to wait for the concrete to harden, and you can begin the construction itself.

If it is possible to use a reinforced concrete slab instead of pouring, be sure to use it. It's much easier and faster, plus there's no extra work to do.

masonry

Pastel, spoon and poke at the brick are indicated in the following figure.

After the foundation has been completed, the laying of bricks begins.

To begin with, a solution should be applied to the foundation with a trowel. It should be slightly larger than the pastel area. After that, the brick itself is applied. He should not reach the joint.
Now a poke is smeared, which will fill the vertical seams. The stone must be pressed down, which will allow you to "crush" the solution that is under it. Move it to the joint.
If, as a result of pressure, the solution comes out of the seam, the excess is removed with a trowel. In order to ensure the correct position of the brick, you can simply hit it a little with a rubber mallet. Try to regularly monitor the angle of the masonry using the building level. You can do this when laying each row. Do not forget to measure the wall with a plumb or level.
Vertical and horizontal seams should be about 12 millimeters thick. This is ideal.
An important point is the overlapping of the vertical seams of the bottom row with bricks when laying corners. This creates a bond. Please note that it is best to start laying from a corner so that there are no problems later.
The final stage of masonry will be grouting. This will give the design a more attractive appearance.

Smoke inlet

If your smokehouse is cold smoked, then a smoke supply will become an obligatory element of it.

To build such a chimney, it is necessary to make a special trench. Its width is approximately 0.5 meters, depth - 0.3 meters, and length - about 2 meters.

At the wall of the trench, bricks are laid on the ribs. The solution for this site is chosen in the ratio of clay to sand 3 to 1. The resulting structure is covered on top with a metal element, or filled with asbestos.

Commissioning

We test the smokehouse:

The corresponding product is poured into the sawdust compartment. It is best to choose sawdust from cherries or apricots.
Light the firebox.
Place the selected products inside the smoker. It is best to test the device on meat or fish.
The outlet pipe closes on the lid and waits for the device to warm up, the interior space will be filled with smoke. You can install a thermometer so that you can keep an eye on what is happening inside.
When the thermometer reaches 600 degrees, open the outlet. It is located on the roof.
The next step is to wait for 30 minutes. The device should work.
Now open the door and take out your products. The color should come out golden, the meat or fish itself should be hot.

During the test, it is quite possible to notice how smoke comes out of the device. This means that some of the cracks were not tightly sealed. Testing allows you to find errors, quickly eliminate them and begin the full operation of the smokehouse.

Features of the construction of a small smokehouse

Making a small smoking device is not difficult even on your own. Just follow the recommendations and proceed step by step.

First, we find a place to install a chimney on the ground. The intra-channel section should have a size of about 30 centimeters or a little less, its width is 0.35 m, and its height is 0.25 m. The optimal material is clay brick.
The combustion chamber is located in the extreme part of the created channel. Please note that the height of the chamber should not be more than 1.5 m. Bricks must be laid on the ribs.
To lay the channel, you need a trench. Its depth is about 0.35 m and its width is 0.55 m. Do not place the firebox higher than the chamber. If you put the device on a hill, then no additional measures will have to be carried out. If not, then it is better to make the chimney with a slope of about eight degrees. Press the bottom, and then make brickwork.
A new stage is the laying of the walls in the chimney channel. The wall is mounted on a base laid of bricks. The elements are also stacked on the edges. Make sure the dressing is the same everywhere. The resulting wall should include several rows of bricks, that is, its height is about 0.25 m.
After that, you need to block the upper part of the channel using a brick. The overlap should be done with a house, since a flat design will not work.
At the end of the resulting channel of the created chimney, cameras are installed where smoking will take place. Mount it in such a way that the channel goes deep, no more than 0.3 m.
The final stage is the topping of the soil layer to the level of the chamber. Please note that the height of this layer should be approximately 0.15 m.

Features of the construction of a large smokehouse

If you want to make a large smokehouse, then it is built like a small house.

During the construction process, be sure to lay down the elements on which, in fact, the products you have chosen will be smoked. A chimney is mounted on top, complemented by a valve. This valve will help regulate the temperature as well as the speed of the passing smoke flow.

Well, who among us does not like to get together with the whole family at the dinner table and have a delicious meal, especially if you are relaxing outdoors.

But what to put on the table to surprise your family and friends? The answer is quite simple - you can treat guests with ham, salmon or juicy homemade sausage. But, unfortunately, prices in stores bite very much, and smoking in factories is not the most healthy and correct way. And it is then that a smokehouse will come to your aid, which you can easily build with your own hands from ordinary building bricks, and most importantly, it will not take up much space in the backyard of your house or country cottage.

Let's take a look at the whole process of laying a brick smoking oven in order.

How to lay a brick smokehouse?

Before you start building a smokehouse, you need to learn the basics and then the process of building a smokehouse will not take you much time and effort, and most importantly, you can easily build a smokehouse of any shape, type and even color.

What building materials are needed for the construction and laying of a smokehouse from ordinary or special building bricks:

Brick (it is best to use a special brick, as it has the best performance properties);
Ordinary natural clay or clay mass with various additives and impurities;
Shovel for digging a hole;
A grate and ladder made of special or ordinary bricks, which you can do yourself for smoking meat and other products;
Wooden door for laying products or combustion elements;
Eight thick metal rods;
Durable metal lid;
Roulette for measuring length;
Level measurement device;
Plinth or plumb:
Construction blade for grinding - trowel;
Conclusion.

Where is the best place to place a brick smokehouse?

When choosing a place for the stove, everything must be thought through and taken into account down to the smallest detail. Since in this article we are considering exclusively brick smokehouses, then this oval design will be capital and permanent, which means that at the slightest desire it will not be possible to move or put it in another place (if you need to change the location of the smokehouse, then it will have to be disassembled and build from scratch).

And that is why the location of the smoking oven should be ideal. Such a place should be: large, comfortable, located at the same time close to your home, but also at some distance so that you do not breathe smoke and combustion elements during the smoking process. It is also important to remember that smoking smoke can harm not only your health, but also the buildings and living plants that are on the site. Therefore, the place for the furnace should be quite remote. I repeat once again - the place for the smokehouse must be chosen carefully and take into account all possible nuances.

How to prepare the site for future construction work?

The place where the construction process will take place must be thoroughly cleaned of grass, dirt, debris and everything superfluous. If you decide to build a mini smokehouse, then the foundation must be poured thirty by forty centimeters in size (depending on the size of the smokehouse, the foundation area will increase).

If you want to build a large smoking apparatus in the area where it will be located, you should dig a large pit and pour the foundation into it with the addition of reinforced concrete (for strength and reliability of the structure).

brickwork

It is important to know: there are three standard types of bricks - these are: double, one and a half and single.

Also during construction, bricks of standard M one hundred and fifty are very often used. Its dimensions are almost identically close to a double brick. How to do it can be read here.

Thickness of brickwork

Laying in half a brick;
Masonry in one brick;
Laying one and a half bricks;
Masonry in two bricks;
Masonry in two and a half bricks.

As a rule, the thickness of the brickwork with your own hands is determined by a special metric system.

It doesn’t matter what kind of brickwork (whether it’s made by hand and at home or produced at a large manufacturing plant) occurs according to a certain construction scheme, which, without deviating, adheres to. According to these rules, the joint of two bricks of a separate, lower row must always be covered upon completion of the masonry. This is done so that in the future there are no extra seams.

This technology is called ligation of seams, and in order for you to get the right brazier with a smokehouse made of bricks, you only need to do three dressings of the seams of the smokehouse - spoon ligation, chain ligation and cross ligation.

It is important to know: before starting the construction of the smokehouse, it is necessary to lay the foundation for it and the base for the walls of the barbecue. The foundation should be no more than thirty to forty centimeters in size, but if the land on your site is very damp, then the foundation can be made several times larger.

It is best to pour the foundation from a mixture of cement and sand cleaned of impurities with building additives (crushed stone and so on).

It is important to know: also, based on the complexity of the construction, it is necessary to determine whether it is necessary to make a flooded floor screed or you can leave the floor from the ground. In addition, you can build a small plinth to protect the smokehouse.

The process of laying the plinth

To do this, on the basis of the smokehouse (foundation), it will be necessary to apply the solution with a trowel to a pre-constructed formwork, which should be slightly larger than the size of a spoon and a poke. Next, attach the brick so that it fills all the vertical seams.

If the applied mortar has come out a little from the seam, then it must be carefully removed with a trowel so that the brick takes the correct position, it can be slightly knocked out with a hammer or the same trowel.

What are the options for sealing joints in the construction of structures made of strong, building bricks:

Sewing a seam into an empty space;
Sealing a visible seam by cutting it slightly;
Expanded sealing of the seam with its bending inward;
Extended seaming with raised elements.

If you decide to put an ordinary, stationary smokehouse made of building bricks in the backyard of your house or country cottage, then you naturally want to arrange it properly (beautifully, neatly and unusually), but before proceeding with the design and decoration, it is very important to repair and embroider all visible seams.

What does a standard smokehouse consist of

Any smoking oven consists of:

gate valves;
Hook for hanging and fixing meat over the smoker;
Capacity for bookmarking products.
Chamber for cold smoking of meat products (such a chamber is only available in a universal and cold smoking apparatus);
Chamber for hot smoking of meat products (such a chamber is only available in a universal hot smoking apparatus);
Compartment for loading sawdust;
"Bunker" serving to collect ash, slag and other remaining harmful products after the smoking process. It is also called - ash pan:;
Compartment for loading dry firewood;
A small chimney for the correct direction of smoke on the meat;
Special brands or corners for overlapping.

Depending on the type of smokehouse, the construction period and the amount of materials that need to be spent during laying vary significantly. For example, if you are building a cold-smoked smokehouse, then the laying time will take from two to three days (depending on the skills of the master and how quickly the work process itself is carried out).

Important to know: if you like not only well-smoked fish, but also very juicy, then it is better not to use a cold-smoked apparatus for seafood, because due to the fact that fat will not get directly onto the meat, the final product will turn out much harder, although they will keep for a longer time from the moment of preparation.

There is also a universal brazier with a brick smokehouse, which, thanks to laying in several rows (namely, twenty-seven brick rows), can combine both cold smoking and hot smoking. But, such masonry is more complex and will take much longer to build.

Important to know: the most important thing in laying a brick smokehouse for a novice builder is to correctly and accurately with the number of required rows and not to lose count during the construction process.

How to build a small smoke oven? A few simple but effective tips.

If you want to save your time, effort, energy, money, or you simply don’t have a place to place a large cold or hot smoker, and the desire to have your own homemade smokers is unstoppable, then the best option for you would be a small home smokehouse. Its construction, as it has already become clear, will not take much time, but it is also necessary to follow the sequence of all actions and the main building rules.

So let's get started:

First, you need to lay a place for installing a special chimney in the ground of your site.. The length of the total section of the entire part should at first be approximately two hundred and fifty to three hundred centimeters, its width thirty-five centimeters, and its height about twenty-five centimeters. It is best to use standard red, building bricks to build a chimney, since cheaper silicate bricks can release very harmful substances and fumes when heated.
The smoking chamber must be located at the very end of the common channel. The height of the chamber should not exceed one hundred and fifty centimeters. To build such a structure, you can use ribbed brickwork.
Before you start laying the channel, you need to dig a small trench. Its depth should be exactly thirty-five centimeters, and the total width - fifty-five. Also, we must not forget to take into account that the firebox should be located slightly above the smoking chamber.
Next, you need to lay the walls for the future chimney. All walls must be neatly and correctly laid on a brick base. In this case, the brickwork is also done on the edge, and the dressing of all visible wall joints must be the same (for the stability and reliability of the entire structure). In the end result, the entire wall should be exactly twenty-five centimeters high, and stand slightly on edge.
Next, you need to block the very top of the channel(it can be easily covered with ordinary red brick).
After you have blocked the chimney, then at its end it is necessary to install the smoking chamber itself. This must be done very carefully and so that the channel does not go very deep into the chamber itself (no more than thirty centimeters).
After the chimney and flue are dry it is necessary to fill everything tightly with ordinary soil to the level of the smoking chamber (this layer should be no more than fifteen centimeters in height).

The most important rules and points in the construction and laying of a brick oven - smokehouse:

The most important thing when building a good smokehouse that will serve you for many, many years and will delight not only you, but also relatives and friends, you must use not cement to coat all wooden parts, but only clay and clay mortar with various natural additives (sand and so Further). Also, one should not forget that clay is a natural material that has excellent performance properties and during the smoking process it releases an incredibly pleasant, natural smell, which is also transferred to meat and other products during smoking.
What to do if there is no natural clay? Ways and methods of its replacement.

If you have neither clay nor the opportunity to get it, and you are in a hurry with the construction of a brick smokehouse, then clay can be replaced with ordinary earth. As already mentioned above, it is better not to use a solution of cement.

When laying brick walls for a smokehouse, one should not forget about strengthening with thick rods made of durable metal (exactly eight pieces are needed, a special grate will be laid on these rods). Since the first four metal rods must be installed so that they do not reach exactly twenty-five centimeters to the very top edge (twenty-five centimeters is for a smoke oven with a cold smoking function, and a little more for warm smoking).
If you have the desire and time, you can install a special filter in a smoking oven (of any type). To do this, it is necessary to pull the usual burlap on top of the wire circle (which is located under the lowest rods). The installation of this filter must be considered even before the construction of the smokehouse is started, since four additional metal rods will be required to place it. Also, we must not forget that after installation and already during use, the filter must be slightly softened with filtered water.

No matter how praised a metal chimney is and attracts you with its cheapness, reliability and durability, it is best to build a brick chimney according to the old tradition. It will not only be easier to clean it from the remnants of combustion products after smoking, but the brick chimney will last you much longer.
In the smoking compartment, it is imperative to provide and make a light, removable tray so that fat and other residual products do not fall on the products, but drain. Also, in addition to the fact that without such a tray, the meat will be fatter, harmful impurities and slags will accumulate, which, after several years, will cause unpleasant odors during smoking, which will definitely fall on meat and other products.
If you are not particularly eager and do not want to spend energy and precious time building complex and powdery structures, then the ideal options for you would be to build a structure that consists of four walls, one door and several holes for installing poles in a horizontal position, and under with a slate roof, it is necessary to leave room for the gaps in which the thrust will be installed. Next, you need to build a small blower, or you can simply leave one small removable brick at the bottom of the finished structure so that the thrust itself increases several times.

Conclusion

As it has already become clear, building a brick smokehouse with your own hands is not the easiest, but worthwhile. If you follow all the advice and do all the work in stages, slowly and following all the instructions and building rules, then the construction of a smoking oven will take place for you without much difficulty, and in extreme cases you can always seek advice or help from professional builders - stackers.
If you have any questions, we recommend watching the video instructions presented in the article..

Ham, salmon, homemade sausage, smoked fish… such words cause involuntary salivation in most people, causing appetite, but in the store and on the market all this is very expensive. All this is fixable if a do-it-yourself brick smokehouse is built right in your yard, with which you can always provide yourself with excellent delicacies.

You will also be provided with a video in this article to help.

Learning to lay a smokehouse

Brickwork

Any instruction for laying bricks will be based on the geometric plane in which the unit being laid is located. To do this, you need to know the names of the sides of such an element, and this, as you can see in the photo above, is a poke, a pastel and a spoon. In addition, this kind of molding stone comes in different sizes and for this they produce three standard bricks - single, one and a half and double.

In different countries, brick sizes may differ, but in Russia certain classical forms have developed over time, so a single brick is 250 mm long, 120 mm wide - 65 mm high. One and a half, respectively, has 250x120x88 mm, and double - 250x120x103 mm. Also, in the construction of smokehouses, double silicate brick M 150 is used, the dimensions of which are 250x120x138 mm, and single silicate is proportional to red and has 250x120x65 mm.

One brick (whole);
Three-quarters of a brick (three-quarter);
Half brick (half);
Quarter brick (quarter).

Laying in half a brick;
Masonry in one brick;
Laying one and a half bricks;
Masonry in two bricks;
Masonry in two and a half bricks.

Do-it-yourself masonry thickness, as a rule, is determined not by the metric system, but in parts of the building material. That is, the masonry can be one brick or one and a half, as shown in the figure, and sometimes they even make a wall a quarter of a brick, although this option is most often used as a facing one. Also, such terminology associated with the names of the sides of a brick and its fractional parts is used for various types of masonry, at joints and dressings.

Any bricklaying, whether at home or at work, is done according to a certain scheme, where, without fail, the joint of two bricks of the lower row must be overlapped by a whole unit of the upper row so that there is no continuous vertical seam. This method is called dressing and in order for you to get a brick smokehouse - with your own hands it will be enough for you to make three main types of dressing - spoon, chain and cross.

Advice. First of all, you will need a foundation for the walls, that is, a foundation, which can be no more than 30-40 cm, but in cases where the soil in your area is sandy or swampy, then, of course, you will have to dig a little deeper.
It is best to fill such a simple foundation with a cement-sand mortar mixed with gravel or rubble, but you can also throw construction debris into the trench and fill it all with a liquid solution - this will be quite enough for a smokehouse.

Advice. Depending on the complexity of the structure, you will also determine whether you should pour the screed onto the floor or whether it will be from the ground.
In addition, you can still build a small plinth, which will be very useful, with any complexity of construction.
To do this, of course, you will have to build a formwork, and you can use the same mortar for pouring that was used to fill the foundation.

First of all, on the base (foundation, plinth or row of masonry), you apply the solution with a trowel so that it is slightly larger than the area of \u200b\u200bthe pastel (spoon or poke). Then you apply a brick, but so that it does not reach the joint and also smear a poke to fill the vertical seam. Then you press down on the stone so that it flattens out the solution under it, and move it to the joint.
If the solution is squeezed out from the seam, then remove it with a trowel, and in order for the brick to take the correct position, knock it out with the handle of the same trowel, hammer or pickaxe. Each row, and sometimes even one or two bricks, you check with a building level, and the wall itself with a plumb line or the same level, if it is long enough. The thickness of vertical and horizontal seams in the most optimal variant should be 12 mm.

It is very important that when erecting corners, the building brick overlaps the vertical seams of the bottom row - this is how the dressing will be observed. If this is your first time doing this, then it is best for you to raise a few rows of the corner without mortar to make sure that the dressing is correct. In any case, the masonry must be started from any corner, and it (the corner) must always go several rows higher until the entire wall is driven out.

Advice. To improve the dressing, especially when the wall is laid in half a stone or even a quarter of a stone, steel or colored wire is thrown along each row (especially at the corners).
Thus, both the dressing and the structure itself are more durable.

Wasteland;
Undercut;
Embroidered concave;
Embroidered convex.

If you have a stationary smokehouse being built in your yard, then most likely you will want it to look appropriate, and this will largely depend on the stitching. And if the stitching and undercutting can be done with an ordinary trowel, then you will have to buy a special tool for a concave and convex seam or make it yourself from a hard metal spatula.

Smokehouse schemes

Shiber (valve);
A rod for hanging meat;
Door for bookmarking products.

The option that you see in the drawing above is a do-it-yourself cold-smoked brick smokehouse, because the process of smoking products in such a device will take from one to two days. This is what distinguishes cold smoking, because direct heat from the fire does not get on fish or meat, and products obtained in this way are tougher, but last much longer.

Above, you are provided with drawings of a do-it-yourself brick smokehouse in 27 rows, which is designed for both hot and cold smoking. This is a more complex, two-chamber version of the structure, but by no means utopian for a simple layman (not a builder).
The most basic thing for a person who does not have experience in construction, in this case, do not go astray when distributing rows. As you can see, in the diagrams, not all rows go alternately, for example, in the diagram indicated by the number (3), from the 13th to the 22nd row, the laying is interleaved through one. It turns out that the 13th row is laid on the upper right picture, and the 14th is already on the lower right picture, then the 15th is on the top, and the 16th is again on the bottom and so on.

Chamber for cold smoking products;
Chamber for hot smoking products;
Loading compartment for sawdust;
Ash pan;
Loading compartment for firewood;
smoke direction;
Corners or tauri for overlapping.

Of course, on the Internet you will find many more diagrams and tips on how to build a brick smokehouse, but I would like to draw your attention to a few very important points.
- Firstly, for the construction of a solid smokehouse, that is, for coating wooden parts, you should not use cement mortar, but clay - this is a natural building material and the smell of meat or fish will depend on such nuances.
- Secondly, no matter what they tell you about the reliability, strength and cheapness of metal, and metal can only be installed with a cap over the pipe (protection from precipitation) - the taste and smell of products also depend on this.

In the smoking compartment, you definitely need to adapt a removable drip tray for dripping fat from hot products. Otherwise, after some time, extraneous, not entirely pleasant odors will be added during the smoking process.
Also (optional) in the smoking chamber you can make ledges for installing removable grates so that you can put pieces of meat, lard or fish on them, and not hang them with hooks on a horizontal pole.

If you do not want to make a complex building, then you can simply drive out a room with four walls and a door, in which there is a place for installing horizontal poles. Under the slate roof, leave gaps for traction, and also make a blower or just leave one removable brick at the bottom of the wall to improve traction.

Conclusion

If you still decide on the difficult option of building a smokehouse or barbecue, then you should also choose a special one for this. It is best to build it from refractory bricks and although the price is higher, your building will last much longer.