Optimum indoor humidity. What level of air humidity is considered optimal

One of the main characteristics of a healthy indoor climate is air humidity. A normal level of humidity is very important for a person's well-being. Therefore, it is necessary to know what the normal humidity indicator should be in order to control it and, if necessary, increase or decrease.

Air humidity norm

To assess the microclimate various premises used relative humidity, measured as a percentage. That is, the ratio of the amount of water vapor in the air to a given temperature is determined environment.

For good health, the optimal humidity level is between thirty and forty-five percent. Permissible rate for residential premises - no more than sixty percent. Such humidity is considered comfortable not only for humans, but also for birds, animals and even household appliances and furniture.

According to state building codes in residential premises, the humidity indicator should be:

from 30 to 45% in the cold season;
from 30 to 60% in the warm season.

The humidity rate also depends on the value of the room:

in the bathroom and in the kitchen, it should be from 40 to 60%;
in the living room and dining room - from 40 to 60%;
in the library and office - from 30 to 40%;
in the children's room - from 45 to 60%;
in the bedroom - from 40 to 50%.

In winter, the air in the apartments dried up heating systems and air conditioning in the summer. Along with this, the amount of dust increases, and pathogenic microbes appear that contribute to a decrease in immunity and cause viral diseases.

If there are no air conditioners in the room, then in autumn and summer, at temperatures up to thirty degrees and frequent ventilation, the humidity index of the air in houses and apartments is most often normal.

The value of normal air humidity

A normal humidity indicator in a room helps maintain immunity and human health, as well as keep furniture, things and furniture in good condition. beautiful view indoor plants. However, it is not easy to keep the indicators in the norm. In most houses and apartments, the humidity is lowered for the main part of the year.

If the level is below normal:

The nasal mucosa dries up.
The process of breathing worsens, as a result of which the body is little enriched with oxygen.
The risk of viral diseases increases.
Often there is a feeling of drowsiness.
Decreased performance.
The mucous membrane of the eyes dries up in those who wear contact lenses.
Due to the increased dust content in the room, allergic reactions can occur.

Children especially suffer from low air humidity in an apartment or house.

Increased moisture content indoors promotes the formation of fungus and mold, the occurrence of respiratory diseases, reduced immunity, reproduction of dust mites.

In order for the humidity in the apartment to be optimal, it is recommended to monitor its indicators and, if necessary, increase or decrease it.

How to check the humidity in the apartment

To do this, you can use a special device or improvised means.

Humidity instruments

The percentage of water vapor in the air can be found using a psychrometer, hygrometer, or a special household indicator.

More accurate instruments are psychrometers which may be electrical or mechanical.

Hygrometers exist:

Each type of device has its own characteristics, but one base of measurement. Using a hygrometer is very simple - it shows the percentage of the amount of moisture in the room.

Today you can buy domestic weather stations, which are digital thermometers equipped with humidity indicators. With the help of such a device, you can find out not only the humidity in the room, but also the ambient temperature, as well as upcoming changes in nature.

Folk remedies

If there is no special device for this device at hand, then you can use improvised means.

For example, you can use a glass of water, which will need to be cooled in the refrigerator for five hours. After that, the glass is pulled out and placed on the table away from the radiators:

If after five minutes a glass of water remains misted, then the microclimate in the apartment is normal.
If trickles flow down it, then the humidity is increased.
If the glass has time to dry in five minutes, then this indicator is lowered.

You can estimate the humidity level in a room using tables Assmann and thermometer. To do this, having fixed the temperature that the thermometer shows, it will need to be wrapped in a wet cloth and wait five minutes. After that, the tissue is removed, and the result obtained on the thermometer is recorded.

In the Assmann table, the dry thermometer readings are shown vertically, and the difference between the two indicators is shown horizontally. At the intersection will be the humidity indicator of the room.

You can build a "hygrometer" yourself, taking for this spruce bump and fixing it with tape or a carnation on plywood. Then you will need to watch her:

if bump long time will lie unchanged, then the humidity in the room is normal;
if her scales quickly begin to open, then the indicator is lowered;
if even after a day the tips of the scales do not rise at least a little up, then the humidity in the apartment is high.

You can determine the moisture content by indoor flowers. From them it is easy to find out that the air in the room is dry. If in Fatsia, Asplenium, Diefenbachia, Dracaena, Ficus, the tips of the leaves dry up and even spraying does not help, then there is low humidity in the house or apartment.

You also need to listen to your feelings. At an extremely low rate, irritation and constant dryness in the throat and nose may occur.

For a comfortable microclimate in the apartment, you must:

regularly do wet cleaning;
ventilate the room;
grow indoor plants.

If the humidity level is low

Most often in winter time years in an apartment humidity index lowered. To normalize it, you need to take measures:

But most modern way increasing moisture in the air is special humidifier, into which water is poured, evaporating during operation of the device.

Traditional Humidifier equipped with a fan that drives air through the water tank and at the same time cleans it from dust and moisturizes.

AT steam humidifier water boils and steam comes out. You can even use it for hard or dirty water. Such a device can be sold with built-in nozzles and used as an inhaler.

ultrasonic humidifier Water is converted into steam using a special membrane. With it, you can fight germs in the room. However, only distilled water should be used for it, or special cartridges should be installed that will soften and purify the water.

If the air humidity is high

Dehumidifiers can be portable and stationary, which are mounted into the wall and have a large capacity.

An oil cooler can also be used as an air dryer. m equipped with a fan.

The kitchen and bathroom need install hoods. They will help fight moisture and excess odors.

If the humidity index is increased, then it is not recommended to dry the washed laundry in the room, and the sink and bath should be wiped immediately after use.

But, with any indicators of air humidity, it is necessary to ventilate the room as often as possible. Oxygenated fresh air kills bacteria, fungi and neutralizes dust mites. And most importantly, it normalizes the humidity in the room, while establishing a comfortable microclimate for a person, which is so important for health and well-being.

The humidity level is the indicator that must be adjusted to the golden mean so that the microclimate in the house is the most comfortable.

In winter, against the background of rising temperatures, relative humidity drops, which is very harmful to human health.

High humidity exacerbates suffering in the summer heat, and also causes mold damage to building materials. Therefore, it is very important to figure out what the humidity of the air in the room should be, the norm according to GOST, and how to regulate it - more on everything later.

So, what humidity should be in the apartment.

The GOST 30494-96 standard regulates the humidity indicator for apartments.

The indicator of the norm of humidity in the room is indicated in percent and is given in two values:

Optimal value.
Allowed indicator.

To achieve a percentage of the "optimal" value means to create an ideal microclimate. Permissible values are humidity, which is not harmful to health, but can reduce mood, performance and general well-being.

For bedrooms, places where a person works and rests, in an apartment and in an office, the optimal air humidity is 30-45%. Acceptable values are 30-60%. For kitchens, bathrooms, toilets and corridors, strict rules no.

Measuring the degree of air humidity

How and how to measure the humidity in the apartment? Keeping track of fluctuations in the indicator is as important as having a thermometer at home. This is especially true for families with small children. How do you find out the relative humidity of the air.

Special devices

The device that tells about the microclimate in the house is called a hygrometer, or a thermohygrometer (the latter also shows the temperature in the room). They can issue digital indicators on an electronic scoreboard, or on a scale, using an arrow. Some devices are designed to be mounted on the wall, others are placed on the table.

Hygrometers are different types. Hygrometers are divided into:

weight;
hair;
electrolytic;
ceramic;
film;
condensation.

They take measurements in different ways, for example, in hair, the property of the hair to change its length is used, weights measure the volume of air passed through the hygroscopic material and absorbed moisture, etc.

However, when choosing, it is not the method of measurement that matters most, but its technical characteristics.

Pay attention to the range. For ordinary household meters, the range of 20 - 90 is suitable, in which most devices operate.

What is the error of the device. It can be ±1, and can go up to ±5.

For use in wet areas, non-condensing equipment with an IP rating of 4 or higher is preferred.

The cost of hygrometers is affected not only by their accuracy, but also additional functions, for example:

alarm;
timer;
backlight on the display;
calendar;
memory;
auto power off, etc.

If simple hygrometers can be bought for 600 - 1500 rubles, then multifunctional devices will cost 4500 - 7000 rubles.

Alternative Methods

There are interesting, but not too accurate methods for determining air humidity at home without a hygrometer.

Cold glass method

You will need to dial a tap cold water in a glass and put it in the refrigerator for 3-5 hours.

After that, the glass is placed in the room, away from the heat source. We are interested in its sweaty walls:

If after 5 minutes the condensate dries up, then the apartment is too dry.
If the condensate began to drain in trickles, the humidity goes off scale.
The normal humidity in the apartment (indoors) will be indicated by condensate, which has not changed on the walls of the glass for 5 minutes.

Assmann table

You will need:

Room thermometer.
Wet rag.
Table.

First, the temperature is fixed at normal conditions. Now the thermometer turns around wet wipe for 5 minutes, after which the readings are recorded again.

In a table, a vertical column is initial temperature. Horizontal - this is how many degrees the value has changed when measured during humid environment. And at the intersection of these two values \u200b\u200b- and there will be the desired humidity.

Dry indoor air is a common problem, especially in winter when heating batteries are working. To improve the microclimate, it is recommended to purchase a special device. , we will consider in the article.

Read tips on choosing and installing a bathroom hood.

Dry damp air

If funds are available, this problem is also not a problem, because there are special devices - air dryers. They cool the air excess moisture turns into water droplets that flow into a collection container, and the drier air is reheated and returned to the room. The advantage of this device is also that in the heat it can be used as an air conditioner, cooling the air.

What can be done without a dehumidifier so that the apartment is not so humid:

Make a good supply and exhaust ventilation (plastic windows and airtight doors blocked the flow of oxygen into the houses, and ventilation was not paid attention to in all houses).
If funds are limited, do forced exhaust at least in the kitchen and bathroom.
It is a must to ventilate the rooms as often as possible: immediately after cooking and taking a shower (and it is better to open the window for 5 minutes than to slightly open the window for half an hour).
Allow the sun's rays to warm the room through the glass.
Install air conditioning, fan.
Dries the air working Appliances- refrigerator, TV, computer.
Do not dry laundry indoors.

In a word, there should be more air movement in the house, but the amount of water that can evaporate is kept to a minimum. It is not worth arranging a greenhouse in a damp house, leaving uncovered water containers, flower vases, an aquarium.

For decoration, you should strive to use natural materials. For example, vinyl wallpaper you can prefer simple paper, and plastic - wood. But with drywall you should be careful. He is attributed to natural materials and indicate its ability to absorb moisture.

Air dryers

But this is also his misfortune - absorption cannot occur indefinitely, but wet cardboard and gypsum are an excellent environment for the development of micro life. So drywall can become a breeding ground for fungi.

If damp, stale air rises from an old basement, the funds listed will be ineffective - a major overhaul is needed here!

On sale you can find special products "Stop-moisture", designed to reduce humidity with the help of adsorbing crystals.

You can make a small silica gel dehumidifier yourself. These are white balls, a bag of which is placed in new shoes and Stuffed Toys. It costs a kilogram of substance - about 50 - 70 rubles.

Conclusion

Dry or humid air in the house is not an idle question. It can become a hidden tormentor for the inhabitants of housing, imperceptibly spoil expensive repairs, and most importantly, depress the immune system. Anyone can buy a simple hygrometer, look at it from time to time and adjust the microclimate in their home.

Humidity imbalance and what causes it

There are several factors that affect the humidity in the apartment:

Ventilation. No wonder a quality device costs decent money. If there is no air circulation, and there is no constant outflow of humidity, all this accumulates inside the room, creating a greenhouse effect.
Temperature. You also need to consider that the higher, the higher its ability to absorb moisture. That's why it's so suffocatingly humid in the tropics, and scalding hot in the desert. For an apartment, it is necessary to find that pleasant balance between the "tropics" and the "desert", somewhere in the "birch forest on the banks of the river."
Job . Artificial heating of the air leads to the removal of moisture from it, which leads to overdrying. Which, in turn, affects the mucosa, making it vulnerable to viral diseases. Therefore, doctors recommend using during the heating season. But we will talk about this in more detail below.
Blockage of houses. Today, when building houses, it has become very “fashionable” to worry that it should be built only from “breathing” materials. After all, if moisture is not removed naturally, then the house not only increases humidity, but mold also starts, and the air becomes stale. Therefore, they try to arrange with ventilation gaps, purchase only "breathable" and, opt for high-quality ones that pass air well through themselves, for example, basalt, mineral wool.
. This is another reason for the destabilization of humidity. At the same time, it is not necessary to keep an underground laboratory at home in order to "pollute" the air. All you need to do is stay at home and take care of your business as usual. The problem is solved simply - the good of all rooms.

So, let's sum up a little. In order for the humidity to be normal, you need to build a house only from “breathable” materials, arrange a good one, and ventilate the room more often. If the latter does not cost us anything, then many people “get along” with the previous factors in their “non-ideal” houses. How to be in such cases, consider in more detail.

Optimum air humidity in the apartment according to GOST

Normal air humidity is so important for health, productive work and comfortable living a person, which for a long time at the state level found out its optimal norm for various premises. She is especially watched in children's preschool institutions. GOST 30494-96 - just such an official document regulates the standards for such an indicator.

This document discusses concepts such as optimal and acceptable values for air humidity. The first is a set of characteristics in which a person feels comfortable for a long time. Acceptable values are, so to speak, a “compromise”, it seems that it is not what we would like, but it will go for lack of a better one. With these parameters, there is a violation of the general state of health.

Attention! All measurements were made in such a way that the humidity standards were favorable for 80% of the inhabitants of the room. But you won’t please everyone, someone likes the heat, and for someone dry air is a dream. Therefore, below we will rely on the values of GOST standards.

Recommended air humidity in the apartment during the warm period

The warm period of the year, according to the same interstate standard, is characterized by an average daily temperature external environment− not less than +8°C. For premises with permanent residence of people optimum temperature room should be within +22…+24°C. Permissible − within the range of +19…+27°C. In this case, the relative humidity is 60–30%, the permissible one is 60%.

What should be the humidity in the apartment in winter

In the winter season, any. In the northern regions of the country, it is especially intense due to severe frosts. The heat from or dries out the air. This can be determined quite simply - drying of the nasal mucosa and nasopharynx, this is especially noticeable after sleep. It is these factors that lead not only to discomfort, but also to an increased risk of acute respiratory infections.

+ 18 ... + 24 ° C is considered the optimal temperature for a full-fledged stay. Normal air humidity in the apartment should be 45-30%. The maximum allowed is 60%.

What humidity should be in the child's room

There is little difference in the level of humidity in a house or apartment. According to the norms, the temperature is the same as for ordinary room, depending on the time of year. By the way, it is in kindergartens that Sanepidnadzor requires that the air in winter does not drop below +18°C and does not rise above +20°C. Humidity - 40−60%.

What humidity should be in the apartment for individual rooms

For separate rooms that are not intended for the constant presence of people and their rest, for example, a corridor, a pantry, a bathroom or a shower room, it is not strictly determined what air humidity in the apartment is considered normal. But it would be appropriate to recall that its level should not be too high, since it is from such “secondary” rooms that the walls begin to mold. Inhalation of certain types of fungus not only reduces overall immunity, but also leads to serious systemic diseases. By the way, its presence in the human body is not always diagnosed.

How to measure the humidity in the apartment

To find out if the humidity in a room is normal for a person, it is not necessary to call specialists with specialized equipment. You can independently make all the measurements and organize the necessary measures to stabilize the humidity in the rooms.

Psychometer and hygrometer - devices for measuring indoor air humidity

The easiest and most accurate way to measure the level of air humidity is with a special device -. Moreover, you can buy it in free sale. In order not to make a mistake with the choice useful gadget, consider what main types of it exist, and their specifics:

Weighted or absolute. It is a device that determines relative humidity by absorbing it. With special tubes chemical composition he takes measurements. AT living conditions do not use.
Hair. This type of hygrometer is used only in laboratories, and then only because its principle of operation is based on the study of a human hair.
Film. It also belongs to the category of laboratory instruments. The main mechanism is a special film, which, depending on the level of humidity, is stretched or, conversely, compressed. It is most effective to use it in the winter season.
Electronic. This type of device is most often purchased for household measurements of humidity. Using it is quite simple, since the mechanism displays on touch screen immediately final test result.
Psychometric. The most accurate type of moisture meter. Often it is purchased for work in industrial, laboratory premises. Also, many "civilian" users leave their choice on psychometric hygrometers because of their relatively low cost and extreme accuracy.

There is another official device for measuring humidity - a psychometer. The principle of operation is based on measuring the air temperature, which depends on the rate of evaporation of moisture. Has errors. Most often it is used at meteorological stations.

Having found out how a technologically advanced society measures the humidity of the air, one can also consider alternatives in the absence of a special device.

Related article:

Why do you need a device, types of designs, principle of operation, an overview of popular models, user reviews, how to do it yourself - in our publication.

We use the psychometric principle of work

To make measurements using this method, you will need a conventional mercury thermometer and a sheet to record the results:

temperature is measured and recorded;
The “head” of the thermometer is wrapped in a damp cloth, and measurements are taken after 10 minutes;
then an elementary mathematical subtraction from the first value of the second is performed.

According to the table above, the value of humidity in the room is recognized.

Informative and interesting - measure the humidity and entertain the kids

There is one not the most accurate, but the most common way to help measure humidity. To conduct the experiment, there is everything you need in every kitchen. Another plus of this method is the child's interest in the ongoing process and the cognitive part itself.

To conduct such a mini-experiment, it is necessary to pour a full glass of ordinary water and cool it to a temperature of +3..+5°C. After that, the glass must be brought to the room where measurements will be taken, put away from and and turn on all your attention to the maximum:

If condensation begins to accumulate on the surface of the glass itself, and after 10 minutes it dries completely, this means that the air in the room is dry.
If within 10 minutes condensation appeared on the walls of the glass and dripped, this means that the humidity exceeds the norm.
If in 10 minutes the surface of the glass does not dry out and does not flow, this means that the humidity value in the room is within the normal range.

Of course, it is impossible to know with accuracy what the percentage of humidity in a room is using this method. But you can dispel or confirm your doubts on this matter. In addition, there will be something to take the child for the evening.

What are the consequences of deviations from the norm of air humidity in the apartment

It would seem that you think there is some kind of humidity there. It's not like water is constantly flowing from the ceiling, which means you can live, and don't bother too much. Yes, air humidity is an intangible value, you cannot touch it. But you can feel the consequences of its violation:

drying of the mucous membrane - discomfort and an increase in the likelihood of diseases;
at high humidity increased risk of bronchial diseases;
sleep disturbance and general immunity.

These are only three consequences that follow the systematic violation of humidity in the apartment. Now is the time to remember the hateful mold that so loves to appear on walls and furniture. But what is most terrible is that there is no way to cope with it by local methods. Only the normalization of humidity. Also, do not forget about the constant temperature changes in rooms where humidity is not stabilized. And this is another unpleasant factor with which it is not easy to “get along in the neighborhood”.

Normalization of the microclimate

Having made sure that the imbalance of humidity needs to be dealt with, we will consider the main methods that will help in this matter. Of course, in the most "severe" cases, this issue is only resolved. There are also easier ways to solve this problem.

How to Increase Humidity in a Room with Humidifiers

The most optimal and modern version air humidification - the use of special devices - . Depending on the type of construction, the methods of operation also differ:

Steam. Such devices work on the principle of "teapot". Water is poured inside, which is brought to the acquired temperature. Accordingly, steam is released. Such a humidifier can very quickly increase the moisture content in the air. Such devices must be equipped with a hydrostat in order for automatic shutdown to occur on time. If this is not the case, then excess moisture will occur. Of the minuses, one can note the fragility of the design - heating elements burn quickly, as, indeed, in many small household appliances. Also, steam appliances consume a lot of energy during operation.
The principle of generating cold steam. The essence of the operation lies in the elementary evaporation of water, which can be drawn from the tap, and not be afraid of plaque and rust inside the device. Special cartridges wetted with water are blown by mini-fans, which is why evaporation occurs. The humidity level can be adjusted by changing the fan speed. They can work in the same way as fragrances, provided that a special oil capsule is inserted into the humidifier. Of the minuses, the high cost of the device can be distinguished.
Ultrasonic humidifiers of a new generation. The principle of its operation is as follows: water is supplied to a special membrane, which is vibrated by means of ultrasonic waves. Water breaks into billions of drops and is supplied as steam into the room. Advantages - silent, the possibility of irrigating large areas. Disadvantages - high cost and sensitivity to water. In models with filters, you only need to change them in time, but when, without built-in "purity barriers", you constantly have to fill in distilled water.

From the above, it can be concluded that for home use It is best to purchase traditional type humidifiers. And how long a humidifier should work in a room depends on the intensity of evaporation, the model of the device itself, its power, the area of \u200b\u200bthe room and the rate of saturation of the air in the apartment. It is easier to monitor this if a hygrometer is built into the device itself. To initially orientate yourself with the operating time of the humidifier, read the attached instructions.

Article

The level of humidity plays an important role in ensuring comfort in the apartment. Thus, high humidity promotes the development of potentially pathogenic organisms and molds, which can pollute the air with toxins. A low one can cause irritation of the mucous membranes of the nose, throat and dry skin. What air humidity is considered normal in the apartment?

A relative humidity of 70% means that the air contains 70% of the water vapor it can absorb at a given temperature. Thus, your comfort is directly dependent on the delicate balance between temperature and percentage humidity.

At a relative humidity of 60%, there will be discomfort from the presence of moisture in more at 30°C than at 20°C. This is because air at 30°C is saturated with moisture faster, that is, it can contain more water vapor than at 20°C and the same humidity level. Therefore, a person will experience more discomfort from humidity at 30 ° C. Conversely, a humid day will appear warmer than a day when the temperature is higher but the air is drier.

Read also:

In general, a relative humidity of 30 to 70% covers all recommended ranges. In a medical environment, normal humidity in an apartment is considered to be its level from 40 to 60%. Very low moisture levels in indoor air can cause respiratory complications. Thus, relative air humidity below 30% is too uncomfortable for housing.

Permissible indoor moisture concentration in winter

Increased humidity in the apartment during the winter season can cause an increase in heating costs, since it will also be necessary to heat the water contained in the form of moisture in the indoor air. Moisture creates a feeling of cold, which stimulates an excessive increase in air temperature. Too much humidity can also cause health problems, including respiratory problems in children and the elderly, who are most at risk.

At low humidity levels, we will observe dry skin, chapped lips, irritation of the throat and nose, difficulty breathing. Therefore, the recommended relative humidity to prevent condensation on windows in winter period- from 30% to 50% with an average air temperature in the room from 18 to 24°С:

on colder days - 30%;
on warm days - 50%.

During the summer months, the relative humidity level should not exceed 50% if the room temperature is constant between 22 and 25°C. AT ideal the humidity level in an apartment or house in summer should fluctuate around 45%. Anything below 30% is too dry, anything above 50% is very humid.

As noted above, when the humidity is low, you will feel the air is colder. This is due to the evaporation of moisture from the surface of the skin, which provides a cooling effect.

How to quickly and easily measure humidity levels?

Condensation on the windows, things in the closets have become somehow damp, mold has appeared in the corners or on the walls of the house or apartment ... Every time you pay attention to such changes in the house, it indicates that your living space has too much moisture. .

To check if the air in your home is too humid, you will need simple items that are in every home. This test can be done in any room other than the kitchen, as if you have just cooked food, the results may not be as accurate:

Take a glass, dip three ice cubes into it, fill it with water and stir.
After that, leave the glass on the table and wait a total of three minutes, and then check if there is any condensation on the outside glass.
If not, then the air in your home is too dry, and you need to purchase a special humidifier.

The best and most accurate way to measure humidity is to use a hygrometer. There are quite a few options for hygrometers on the market, located in various price ranges. Cheaper models are mechanical. They react to changes in humidity more slowly than digital models. The most advanced of them are automatic, they determine the humidity of the air and give recommendations for optimizing the operation of your air conditioner in order to avoid discomfort in the apartment.

What to do if the indicators are above or below the norm?

We list the main reasons why we should maintain an optimal level of humidity in our home:

the number of bacteria and viruses is significantly reduced;
reduces the risk of allergies caused by dust mites and other pathogenic organisms;
we get rid of mold and fungus and reduce the content of toxins in the air;
create a more pleasant atmosphere;
reduce heating costs;
we get rid of the threat of damage to the house and furniture;
We care about the health of our children.

Please note that the optimal humidity in an apartment for a child is in the range of 50-70% at an air temperature of 18-19 ° C.

If the air in your home is too dry, there are three standard ways to fix this problem:

Evaporation. Place a container of water on a surface or next to a radiator.
Portable humidifier.
The best and most costly way is a controlled humidity system for the whole house.

If you have problems with excessive moisture, do the following:

Make sure your home is well ventilated, there is sufficient air circulation and heat is evenly distributed.
Use exhaust fans while cooking and bathing.
Reduce the number of indoor plants.
Keep the bathroom and kitchen doors closed.
Install a portable dehumidifier.
Insulate the walls of your home.

Comfort and coziness indoors depends on the microclimate in it. Therefore, it is necessary to support desired level humidity in the room. How can you control humidity levels? What are the ways to decrease or increase it? What are the consequences of improper maintenance of the microclimate?

Humidity level indoors - it depends on the season, climatic conditions terrain. During the winter period, the degree becomes less, in summer, on the contrary, more. The right microclimate is the key to excellent human health, the surrounding objects remain in good condition. Many elements of the house such as furniture, appliances, flooring and much more do not tolerate constant changes in moisture and eventually become unusable.

What humidity should be in the apartment? Comfortable air humidity can be different. Optimal Humidity air in the apartment is achieved by various methods.

What air humidity is considered normal? What should be the humidity in the apartment? How many percent? Indicators must necessarily comply with GOST.

A certain indicator depends on the purpose of the room, as well as the season:

Permissible variation during summer period: 30-60%. The indicator should not be higher than this value.
Range in winter: 30-45%. Maximum value is 60%.

These standards are intended for architects and builders of residential buildings. They are necessary in order to more economically maintain an acceptable level of moisture.

Single Room Standards

As we have seen, the degree of humidity during the winter period is less than during the summer. Because the moisture of the cold air stream, when it enters the room, decreases when heated to room temperature (20-25 degrees Celsius). During the period of heating the house, the human body needs the same amount of moisture, and according to the recommendations of doctors, the humidity level in the apartment should be in the range of 40-60%.

This indicator does not depend on the season:

Bedroom. To maintain excellent health, the permissible humidity in the room, the bedroom should be 40-55%. There should be little equipment in this room, and it should be regularly ventilated. Also, according to the recommendations of doctors, when you sleep, leave the window in the bedroom ajar. This rule must be followed even in winter, not only in other seasons in the bedroom.
Children's. Remember that children are more vulnerable. Infection, cold are enemies for them. Therefore, maintaining the right microclimate inside the nursery is an indispensable element. Due to dry air, the mucous membrane of the child's nasopharynx dries out, which leads to colds such as a runny nose and bronchitis. Lack of moisture is the most dangerous enemy for a newborn baby. Because of this, he will begin to have skin problems, for example, peeling. Therefore, the optimal rate in the children's room is 50-60%.

Living room. In this place, most often there is the whole family. 40-50% - ideal humidity inside a human room. Not only you, but also your pets and plants will benefit from such moisture. Various interior items will also become unusable.
Kitchen and bathroom. Here, the performance usually exceeds the standards. Cooking, water procedures are factors that affect the increase in air temperature and humidity levels. This problem can be eliminated with excellent ventilation. If the hood in the kitchen does not work well, then it is necessary to additionally install a fan in it. Don't forget to ventilate the room. The overall indicator should be in the range of 40-50%.
Office for work. Humidity percentage 30-40 — best option. If the moisture level exceeds this value, then various documents, books, or the like will become unusable. But more often it is necessary inside this room increase the humidity level, as the air is quite dry.
Greenhouse. Excellent lighting and the right temperature regime are the main factors for keeping winter garden. But moisture is also the most important parameter. Range, normal humidity air - 50-70%.

If the child is sick with acute respiratory infections, then it is better to raise the humidity in the apartment to 70%, but the temperature should be 24-25 degrees Celsius.

Ways to change the level of humidity in the room

How to determine the level of humidity in the room, in the room? There are four methods to be used. The best is to use measuring device- hygrometer. He will do an excellent job. But what if this measuring device is not available? Improvised means will help to find out the value of moisture. Of course, exact value you will not get, but you can find out what is needed for air: humidification or drying?

Let's consider each method in more detail:

Using a measuring device. The device will not only show the percentage of moisture, but also the temperature inside the room. How many types of hygrometer? To date, there are several varieties of hygrometer: psychrometric, mechanical, electronic and others. It is recommended to use an electronic device because it gives more accurate readings and, if necessary, you can easily move it anywhere indoors.
Application of Assmann's psychrometric table. Record the temperatures on the thermometer. head mercury thermometer it is necessary to wrap it with a napkin, which must first be wetted. At the end of ten minutes, it is necessary to record another temperature result again. Next, you need to subtract two temperature indicators. The second must be subtracted from the first. Then use the Assman psychometric table. In the left column, which is located vertically, you need to find the first temperature indicator, and in the upper horizontal part, find the difference between your values. At the intersection of these two values, your humidity level will be visible, approximate.

Using a glass filled with water. Put it inside the refrigerator. The water temperature should drop to five degrees. Pay attention to the outer wall of the glass, namely the reaction of water, which manifests itself at 20-25 degrees Celsius for seven minutes. If during this time outer wall was able to sweat and dry almost immediately, therefore, the air in the apartment is very dry. If the wall remains misted for a certain period of time, then the moisture level is average. If drops are already starting to flow down the wall, then the degree of humidity is high.
The use of fir cones. It must be left indoors for several hours. It should be located far from various heating devices or other heat sources. The scales begin to open in the presence of dry air, and they shrink with an increased rate.

Ways to increase the moisture index

In winter, the heating device makes the air flow dry, during the summer - air conditioning. With an increase in moisture, specially designed devices or folk remedies will cope.

Use of humidifiers

There are three types of humidifiers on the market today. Their principle of operation is to evaporate water from a specially designed reservoir and deliver moisture to the air atmosphere, which is so lacking.

Let's consider each in detail:

Mechanical humidifier or traditional. This humidifier works on the basis of an internal fan, which promotes the distribution of air through a tray that has liquid, thereby cleaning dust particles and humidifying. The main disadvantages this device are loud noise during operation, as well as the air can only be humidified up to 60%.
Steam humidifier. This device functions in almost exactly the same way as a kettle. Steam enters the room through boiling water. You can use water that flows from the tap. But steam humidifier also makes a lot of noise during operation, is also consumed a large number of electrical energy. We must not forget that when using a steam appliance, safety precautions must be observed, because hot steam can burn your skin. Steam can also adversely affect the surface of furniture and other objects.
ultrasonic humidifier. There is a specially designed membrane platinum, which converts water into steam. This unit the least noise during operation. Pathogenic microorganisms are killed, thanks to the function of heating water. It is important to use purified water for the operation of the device. Or you can purchase specially designed cartridges for water purification and softening.

Some models of steam devices have special nozzles with which inhalation procedures are carried out. This is especially important during a period of illnesses that are respiratory. Such models are used if children live in the room.

home methods

If there is no special humidifier in the room, then there is nothing wrong. To achieve the missing moisture, you can use time-tested methods:

Using a container of water. To do this, it is necessary to arrange containers with water near heating preparations. This will cause the water to evaporate and the moisture level to rise.
Use of wet towels. We will use either wipes that are damp or wet towels. During the day, it is necessary to moisten the towels and place them on the battery. As soon as the towel dries, the procedure must be repeated.
Plants. Houseplants are sources of oxygen and moisture in the air. To maintain an optimal microclimate, plants need to be constantly watered and sprayed. They are considered natural sources of moisture.

If you can’t put water containers somewhere, and there’s no time for wet towels, what should you do? To do this, it is enough to start an aquarium with fish. Or you can buy a special table fountain in which water circulates. This is both great scenery and presence required level moisture indoors.

Ways to reduce moisture

How to lower humidity? High humidity harms the human body. The source of high humidity can be different. raw basement, old roof can cause increased humidity. To solve this problem, it is necessary to carry out high-quality waterproofing. But if dampness arose due to vital activity, then you can use the following methods.

Use of dehumidifiers

How to reduce humidity with dehumidifiers? There are two main dehumidifiers to reduce moisture, consider them:

Compressor dryers. The principle of operation is quite simple. The fans, which are built-in, draw in moist air and then draw it through the evaporator. Due to the temperature difference, moisture begins to settle, after which it flows into a specially designed receiver. The air stream, which is already heated, penetrates back into the room through the hole.
adsorption dryers. This desiccant is a "moisture absorber". The advantages are quiet operation, as well as low consumption of electrical energy. The absorbent inside the dehumidifier is responsible for absorbing moisture. Periodically, this substance must be changed.

These devices can be used in an apartment in winter, which is not heated. If you do not empty the tank of water in time, the device will turn off.

Applying home methods

There are three main rules to follow:

Carrying out ventilation. The constant carrying out of this procedure reduces the level of humidity.
Sun exposure. The sun will help dry the house for a certain period of time (several hours).
Hood. Premises that are not ventilated, then a high-quality hood is a must. High-quality ventilation the apartment must have metal-plastic windows.

People want comfort. It is not necessary to frequently use heating devices or air conditioners, regardless of the season. Comfortable humidity is achieved through constant ventilation and wet cleaning. The air humidity should be different - it depends on the room. The moisture level must be optimal.