Oddly enough, but the term for turning on heating in preschool institutions, schools and hospitals in Moscow depends directly on the head of the preschool institution, the head doctor of the hospital or the school director.

Of course, no matter how cool the leader is, no one will turn on the heating for him in warm weather, but during the transition period from summer to winter in September-October, when there are real frosts at night (as it is now in Moscow), and it’s not very warm during the day Everything depends on the leader and only on him.

First, the head of the kindergarten, school or hospital must take steps to ensure timely and quality training buildings of their institution for the next heating season and receive from MOEK an appropriate certificate of readiness for winter.

After that, the manager, upon the onset of the transition period (if necessary), should directly contact the management of his branch of MOEK, the Government of his district and the prefecture and urgently ask to open the heating valves. If the head of the institution supports his request letter of guarantee in MOEK on payment for heat supply services, then the heat supply companies themselves will turn on the heating without any problems.

The heat supply system for children's and medical facilities technologically makes it possible to connect these facilities autonomously, without powering other subscribers.

Everything is very simple. So why is heating not included in children's institutions? But because if earlier the budget paid for heating, now a school or a kindergarten pays for heating themselves, but it's a pity for money.

But in order for the head of the children's institution to start moving, parents must strictly demand from him actions to create normal living conditions for their children.

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Heating has been turned on in social institutions in Moscow, from today the connection of social institutions in Moscow to heating has begun. This is due to the cool and rainy weather that has settled in the capital, Petr Biryukov, deputy mayor of the city for housing and communal services and landscaping, told Interfax.
According to him, the start-up of heat in polyclinics, hospitals, kindergartens, schools and social service centers is provided at the request of the heads of these institutions, filed with OAO MIPC.
On the this moment heating has already been turned on in more than 80 urban social facilities

Heating in kindergartens

Unfortunately, in recent times some kindergartens and schools are connected to the heating network like ordinary houses, therefore, at such facilities, heating is turned on together with residential buildings. To find out the situation in your case, you need to contact the manager.
There is sanitary norms- SanPiNs, in which the temperature and humidity in various premises in kindergartens (playrooms, gym, swimming pool, bedrooms by age, ...). If the temperature in your garden does not meet the standards, then write a collective statement demanding that you comply with the conditions.
If the kindergarten is just cool or damp, and the temperature is normal, then you can agree with the administration on the installation of heaters (you can bring it from home before the start of the heating season).

Activity and perseverance of parents - Seek to keep your children in normal conditions!

The project of heating ventilation of a kindergarten for 160 places of OV. + TM substation section

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Documentation has been reviewed

In this section of the project, the issues of heating, ventilation, heat supply of heaters and air conditioning for the Kindergarten for 160 children were resolved

The heating system is adopted two-pipe, vertical. The main pipelines are laid in the basement. Heating devices - bimetallic RBS "Santekhprom-BM" radiators and registers from smooth pipes. On the leads to heating devices install RTD-N thermostatic valves; double adjustment taps are provided on the connections to the registers made of smooth pipes.

Within group heating devices and pipes, in order to avoid the possibility of injury, they are closed with protective screens ( wooden crate), the screen material should not have harmful effects per person. The group rooms on the 1st floor are provided with underfloor heating, the heat supply of which is carried out through adjustable pumping and mixing units. The heat carrier for heat-insulated floors 40-30 C.

The temperature of the floor surface is assumed to be 23°C. Benches-heaters "Zavalinka" for drying street clothes are installed in the locker rooms. On branches and risers of heating for hydraulic adjustment installation of balancing valves is provided. Air is removed from the heating system from the upper points through air collectors and air vents. Drainage of the heating system is carried out from the lower points through the drain cocks.

Pipelines are taken from steel water and gas pipes according to. Pipelines are painted with oil paint for 2 times. All pipelines of heat supply systems and main heating systems shall be thermally insulated with Rockwool mineral wool cylinders 30 mm thick. At the intersection of ceilings, internal walls and partitions, lay pipelines in sleeves, followed by sealing the gaps with non-combustible materials.

Basic solutions for ventilation and air conditioning.

The ventilation of the premises of the kindergarten is designed as a supply and exhaust system with mechanical and natural impulses. Supply and exhaust mechanical ventilation It is provided for the premises of the catering unit, the laundry block, for the rest of the personnel with places for eating, for the wardrobes of overalls, for administrative premises, in which there is less than 40 m3 of room volume per worker. The project provides for NED air handling units located in the ventilation chamber at -3.000 and beyond false ceiling in the hallway on the 2nd floor. The air handling units include: - outside air damper, filter, hot water heater, fan and silencer.

Installation P5 is adopted with an electric heater. Accepted as exhaust roof fans"Klimatventmash", installed on the roof on special mounting sleeves SKSH with soundproof walls, duct fans firms NED, household fans of Era factory. Air exchanges were determined by multiplicity and by the assimilation of excess heat in the hot shop. According to the technological task, local exhausts were made from the equipment in the hot shop, and exhaust hoods were designed over the sinks in the egg processing room and in the washing utensils room.

In rooms with hoods above the sinks, as well as in the ironing room, air exchange is adopted by local exhausts. In administrative offices with a room volume of 40 m3 or more per worker, ventilation is carried out by periodic ventilation through opening transoms and vents. The calculation of air exchanges by multiplicity is presented in Appendix No. 2, for the assimilation of heat and moisture surplus - in Appendix No. 3. The air in the premises is supplied to the upper zone through adjustable supply grilles, removed from the upper zone through adjustable exhaust grilles. Lattices are accepted by Arktos of Arktika company. The main air ducts are laid in the corridors under the ceiling. Supply chambers to the air heaters and the air intake duct shall be thermally insulated with Rockwool mineral wool boards.

In air duct systems general ventilation to prevent the penetration of smoke in case of fire into the premises, it is planned to install fire-retarding dampers when air ducts pass through fire barriers and structures. The dampers are designed for systems serving industrial premises and warehouses of categories B2, B3, when connecting a prefabricated floor duct to vertical collector. The fire resistance limit of valves is provided not lower than: -E1 90 when crossing a fire barrier REI 150 or more; -E1 60 when crossing a fire barrier REI 60; -E1 30 when crossing a fire barrier REI 45 (EI 45); -E1 15 when crossing a fire barrier REI 15 (EI 15);

Fire dampers are provided with manual, automatic and remote control, with Belimo actuators. The places of passage of transit air ducts through walls, partitions and ceilings are filled with non-combustible material, providing a standardized fire resistance limit of the crossed structure. Everything in case of fire ventilation systems turn off automatically.

Conditioning.

According to the technological task, in a number of rooms, to absorb excess heat and increase comfort, an installation is provided wall split systems. Outdoor units are installed on the roof. Copper pipes in K-FLEX ST thermal insulation are used as cold supply pipes.

Smoke removal.

Smoke removal directly from the premises is not provided, since in the premises categorized by fire hazard there is no permanent stay of people, there are no high-altitude rack storage rooms. In public premises with an area of ​​50 m2 or more people less than 1 person per 1 m2, the condition of natural ventilation is also fulfilled in all these premises (openable window openings with a width of at least 0.24 m per 1 m of the length of the outer fence, maximum distance from internal fences less than 20m)

Three smoke exhaust systems are prohibited from the corridors of the 1st and 2nd floors without natural ventilation or with natural, but insufficient area for the emission of combustion products. Smoke exhaust fans are roof type, Fire resistance 2 hours / 400ºС. Smoke from the corridors is removed through the KLAD-2 smoke exhaust dampers with a fire resistance rating of EI 90 (the required limit when removing combustion products from the corridor is EI 30). The smoke exhaust ducts are made of tight tightness class B, 0.8 mm thick, with a fire resistance limit of EI 30. The roof within a radius of 2 m from the emission of smoke is non-combustible.

Examination questions and answers to them :

How to correctly draw up an agreement on heating a kindergarten and how to act for management in the event of interruptions in heat supply, we tell in the article. We will give an answer, which heating systems to choose for kindergartens.

On the issues of providing heating in kindergarten, the head interacts, first of all, with the authorities local government or with heat supply organizations that, on behalf of these bodies, provide heat supply services on the territory of a municipal educational institution.

Organizations supplying heating to kindergartens

Local governments, which are the founders of kindergartens, are required by law to create conditions for the normal functioning of preschool educational institutions, including taking care of heating.

The authority to organize heat supply is vested in local governments of settlements and urban districts (first level) and local governments of municipal districts and urban districts (second level).

Kindergartens should contact heat supply organizations regarding the heating of their premises. In accordance with Law No. 131FZ, local governments can create special enterprises and institutions for the organization of heat supply. At the same time, heating of preschool educational institutions located on the territory of settlements and urban districts can be provided not by municipal, but by other (state or private) heat supply enterprises on the basis of municipal contracts.

HOW TO NOT FREEZE IN WINTER IN KINDERGARTEN

Distribute cards with instructions to each employee and check the implementation of the electronic checklists in the journal "Reference book of the head of the preschool institution"

Is your preschool ready for winter?

Conclusion of an agreement on heating in a preschool educational institution

A kindergarten, on behalf of a legal entity, concludes a special agreement with a heat supply organization for the supply of thermal energy (heat supply). When concluding this agreement, in order to avoid negative consequences, the manager must pay attention to the following points.

The heating contract must indicate the amount of heat energy that the heat supply organization undertakes to supply to the PEI. Important point: the total amount of thermal energy is better broken down by months. In this case, it will be easier for management to track the work of the performer and make claims in connection with improper performance.

In the heat supply agreement, it would be correct to establish the requirements for the temperature regime in the premises of the preschool educational institution. This item is especially relevant if there is no heat meter in the kindergarten and it is impossible to determine the amount of supplied heat energy in some other way. Requirements are prescribed on the basis of clause 2.6 of SanPiN.

The owner (founder) is mainly responsible for financing the kindergarten. It depends on him how timely and in full the DOW pays for the services rendered. In this regard, it is desirable to exclude from the heating contract penalties (fines, penalties, forfeits, etc.) in relation to the institution for late or incomplete payment for heat supply services. Otherwise, the children's institution will have to be responsible for the violation established by the agreement terms (or volumes) of payment for heat supply services, although the founder should be held responsible.

In the heating agreement between the PEI and the heat supply organization, it would be reasonable to provide for a procedure for reducing payment for under-delivered heat energy or not supplied in full.

In the kindergarten heat supply agreement, it is also possible to determine the procedure for bringing the heat energy supplier to liability for violation of obligations under the agreement. However, this is rarely possible.

The price of the heat supply agreement for the kindergarten is determined based on the established local tariffs for heat energy under the section “budget consumers”.

Interruptions in the heat supply of the kindergarten: the procedure for the head

In practice, situations often occur when a kindergarten is left without heat supply (for example, in the event of an accident on heating networks or a unilateral suspension of the supply of heat energy). The head in this case must make every effort to protect the legitimate interests and respect the rights of the preschool institution and all participants in the educational process.

Information about interruptions in heat supply is immediately transferred by the head to the founder, local governments, and the education management body. Information is also submitted to the heat supply organization and the dispatch service (if any). Such efficiency will allow to restore heat supply in the kindergarten in a short time.

A preschool institution is obliged to suspend its activities if, as a result of a restriction or shutdown of thermal energy, the air temperature in the premises has dropped below the limits permissible by SanPiN, and there is no way to heat the premises with alternative heat sources.

Otherwise, the institution or its head will bear administrative responsibility and will be required to pay a fine. In accordance with Art. 6.7 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation "Violation of sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the conditions of education and training", the institution will pay a fine in the amount of 20,000 to 30,000 rubles, and the head may be fined in the amount of 2,000 to 3,000 rubles.

The kindergarten belongs to the first category of heat supply reliability, that is, it does not allow interruptions in the supply of heat energy and a decrease in air temperature in the premises below those stipulated by GOST 30494.

For kindergartens, the following heating standards are established:

for bedrooms in nursery groups - 21 degrees, in preschool groups - 19 degrees; permissible lower temperature for bedrooms - 18 degrees;

temperature in group rooms and locker rooms of preschool groups - 21 degrees;

for nursery toilets optimum temperature- 22 degrees, for preschool groups - 20 degrees;

in music and gymnastic halls - 19 degrees;

in pools - 29 degrees;

in the medical office - 22 degrees;

in heated transitions - 15 degrees.

The specified norms of heating in kindergartens are obligatory for areas with an average temperature in January below -14 degrees Celsius.

Responsibilities of the company providing heat supply to the kindergarten

Sometimes there are interruptions in heat supply due to the fault of the heat supply company. In this case, the company compensates the preschool institution for losses in the manner prescribed by law and the heating agreement.

Thus, if during the period of the absence of central heating, the kindergarten used alternative sources heat (for example, electric heaters), the costs associated with their acquisition and operation are paid by the heat supply organization.

In addition, the heat supply organization is obliged to compensate for the losses incurred by the preschool institution in the event that it is necessary to temporarily close the kindergarten due to lack of heat supply and return part of the parental payment for this period.

The procedure for paying for heating in kindergarten

Preschool institutions are exempted from the obligation to pay for heat energy using advance payments. That is, kindergartens can pay for heat supply services at the end of the billing period (the month in which the service was actually provided). This is stated in paragraph 2 of the Procedure for Payments for Electricity, Thermal Energy and Natural Gas, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 04.04.2000 No. 294.

The heat supply organization, at the request of the DOW, is obliged to issue invoices for the heat actually received by the institution, and to recalculate the payment for the period when the heat supply was supplied intermittently or was actually absent.

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Reconstruction of heating systems for kindergartens

During the reconstruction of heating systems in kindergartens, a lot of problems arise related to

wear of pipes and heating devices;

redevelopment of premises;

insulation of the outer walls of buildings;

tightening norms and rules in the design;

transition to a heat supply system independent of heating networks.

Often these problems can only be solved by a complete replacement of the heating system circuit. For kindergartens, the most optimal is a horizontal floor dead-end heating system.

As heating devices it is allowed to use bimetallic sectional radiators. This is the best option for today. Heating radiators installed in the kindergarten must be covered with plasterboard boxes with gratings (for heating appliances) made of wood or other heat-resistant materials. When using a radiator, it is necessary to ventilate the room every 1.5 hours for 10 minutes.

On the first floors, for group, sleeping and dressing rooms, a warm floor is recommended. The floor surface in winter should be at least 22 degrees.

In kindergartens, as a rule, steam heating is not allowed. For newly built and designed buildings preschool institutions not used stove heating.

The kindergarten heating system is designed in accordance with the following regulatory documents:

SanPiN 2.4.1.2660-10 “Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the arrangement, content and organization of the work regime in preschool organizations”;

SP 118.13330.2012 “ Public buildings and structures”;

SP 60.13330.2012 “Heating, ventilation and air conditioning”.

Summing up, it can be noted that in order to protect their interests in relations with a heat supply organization, a preschool educational institution must have a well-drafted contract for the supply of thermal energy and metering devices (heat meters).

According to government regulations, special documents have been developed that define the permissible conditions in institutions for children.

Permissible and recommended norms for keeping children in educational institutions, which were included in regulatory documents, were established several decades ago. The norms were determined on the basis scientific research. The conditions determined by the norms are most conducive to the preservation of children's health. The correctness of the requirements of regulatory documents has been confirmed by a long history of observations, with deviations from the norms in some institutions, a surge in the incidence of children visiting them is inevitably observed. Thus, any children's institution should strive to adhere to the established standards as much as possible.

The most important indicators that are required to monitor in children's institutions are:

• air temperature during indoor areas kindergartens;
• air humidity;
• freshness of the air.

It should be noted that the norms for these indicators are approximately the same throughout the former Soviet Union. This is a consequence not only of the general physiology of children, but also of the fact that the new states inherited all the regulatory documents of the Soviet Union, since then there has not been any special correction of them. Thus, this article is relevant for the entire CIS and several other countries as of the current year and the next 2018.

Requirements for indicators in kindergartens

For kindergartens, the norms are as follows: in playrooms, the temperature should not fall below 21 degrees Celsius, the recommended temperature is 24 degrees. In bedrooms, a lower temperature is allowed, up to 18 degrees, it is recommended to bring the temperature to 22 degrees Celsius. These temperatures are mandatory for areas with an average temperature in January below -14 degrees Celsius.

From what you read, you may get the impression that the higher the temperature in the interior of the kindergarten, the better. In fact, too high temperatures can be even more harmful than low levels. So, if temporary and slight deviations in the direction of lowering the temperature below the recommended level are allowed, then reverse deviations are highly undesirable. For game rooms, the maximum allowable temperature is 24 degrees Celsius, and for bedrooms - 22 degrees.

There are well-defined standards for air humidity, its value should be from 40% to 60%. In practice, it is not always followed correct value this indicator. This is very unfortunate, as humidity meters are not easily accessible or difficult to handle and operate. Nevertheless, it is necessary to monitor the humidity of the air, maintaining optimal level humidity has a good effect on the body's resistance to diseases, and unfavorable humidity increases the risk of various ailments, especially the respiratory tract.

For the freshness of the air, exact quantitative norms are not indicated, however, it is noted that ventilation should be carried out regularly. It is ventilation that is the main and the only way actually available in most kindergartens to maintain an acceptable level of air freshness.

According to the regulations, ventilation should be carried out periodically throughout the daytime. One-sided ventilation is also allowed in the presence of children in the room. Bilateral ventilation, that is, a draft, should be carried out during the absence of children. In winter, before a quiet hour in the bedrooms, cross-ventilation ends half an hour before the arrival of a group of children.

One-sided ventilation is also recommended during the quietest hour, when the air warms up after two-sided ventilation. However, it is important to remember that cross-ventilation should be stopped half an hour before the start of quiet time, and one-way ventilation should be stopped half an hour before its end. In the warm season, one-way ventilation is carried out constantly both during the day and at night.

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Unfortunately, the norms of the state of air in the internal premises of kindergartens are systematically violated in most institutions. No one, in fact, monitors the humidity of the air; ventilation is carried out with different frequency, but almost always with insufficient. Indoor temperatures tend to be well above recommended limits, often exceeding 30 degrees Celsius and rarely below 28 degrees.

High temperatures and episodic ventilation lead to severe drying of the air in kindergartens. The last circumstance is not of much concern to the management of the institutions, if only because they do not monitor the humidity indicators at all. Finding a hygrometer (a device for measuring humidity levels) in a kindergarten is a rarity. Too low air humidity in kindergartens is big problem which contributes to the high incidence of colds.

It is interesting that often the management of children's institutions uses the air temperature exceeding the norm as a means of combating morbidity among children. In fact, the temperature is higher than recommended, drying the air only increases the incidence. The recommended temperature is quite sufficient for a comfortable state of the child's body, but low air humidity dries out the mucous surfaces of the respiratory tract. Mucus in the respiratory tract performs an important function, it provides local immunity. If it dries out, then the body's vulnerability to diseases will increase dramatically. Dried mucus loses its immune properties, at the same time it is an excellent breeding ground for the development of various microorganisms, including pathogens. On the contrary, it is difficult for pathogenic microbes to gain a foothold on the airways moistened with mucus, even if they can catch on, they will immediately be exposed to local immunity.

Of particular importance is the maintenance of optimal humidity in the cold season. At this time the children most days are spent in closed and heated rooms. Consequently, a large number of children concentrated in one place create excellent conditions for the spread of diseases transmitted by airborne droplets, that is, through the respiratory tract. Do not underestimate the danger of dry air, according to scientific data, it is insufficient air humidity that is one of the main causes of the following diseases:

1. Sinusitis.
2. Tonsillitis.
3. Bronchitis.
4. Otitis.
5. Pneumonia.
6. Allergic diseases of the respiratory tract.

Thus, dry air can lead to asthma and other unpleasant diseases in a child.

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Additional complications are caused by the fact that children tolerate heat much worse than adults. Metabolism and, accordingly, heat generation in children are more intense, while the release of heat to the environment occurs mainly through the exhalation of air.

Thus, for children, the comfortable and safe ambient temperature is lower than for adults. High ambient temperature leads to excessive sweating, thickening of the blood, adverse conditions work internal organs. Since heat transfer occurs mainly through the exhalation of air, the airways in children dry out even more than in adults.

It is important to know that most infections that cause SARS do not tolerate cold air very well, especially if the temperature change has occurred quickly, they feel great in dry and warm atmosphere. Thus, the hot and dry environment in kindergartens contributes to the spread of infections that are transmitted by airborne droplets. On the contrary, frequent ventilation humidifies the air and reduces the concentration of pathogens in the air.

Ways to achieve ideal parameters

However, not all ventilation increases air humidity. The colder the air, the less moisture it contains, so ventilation during the cold season may not always help maintain optimal humidity air in the room. In order to create optimal conditions for children, it is necessary, first of all, to have a thermometer and a hygrometer in each room. Kindergarten staff should monitor their readings.

The air temperature must remain optimal, then the air humidity will not fall too much. Additionally, you can increase the humidity with the help of a humidifier - a special device that saturates the air with water. Preference should be given to ultrasonic devices, steam humidifiers do not cause the approval of specialists. It is desirable to limit the access of air to the radiators, for this they should be closed with a special screen or casing.

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It is not always possible to maintain ideal air parameters. However, it is worth striving for the greatest correspondence between the real and recommended indicators, the closer the real indicators are to the reference ones, the lower the incidence in the institution.

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4 comments

It would be nice if there really were such temperatures in the gardens! (which are over the limit)

While there was a central boiler room, the temperature rarely rose to 19 degrees Celsius!

This year, our kindergarten was transferred to an autonomous system - today (when it is 10 degrees outside) no one even thought to turn on the heating!

It used to be the fault of the housing and communal services, who is to blame now if the temperature in the kindergarten does not exceed 15 degrees Celsius during the warm (relatively) season.

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Don't envy. We have been going to the garden for 1.5 years. During this time, the child was ill 2 times with pneumonia, 2 times with tonsillitis, 1 with bronchitis. SARS can't be counted at all. The temperature in the group is close to degrees! The air is dry, stuffy. Residual cough does not go away in such conditions. The child comes out wet, at least squeeze it out, but we only wear a T-shirt and shorts !! And right there in the hallway, the door directly onto the street, and it blows on the excited children. Do not lead them naked! And I would advise you to dress warmer - terry tights, woolen sweater dresses. In my childhood, there was also a oak tree in the garden, there are even pictures where we are all wrapped up, but we hardly got sick! Despite the beginning of the 90)))

Residual cough should be treated at home, not in the garden.

In your opinion, a child should stay at home for 9 months a year? We have it too. The situation is the same cough that does not go away, especially in the garden, the mucous membranes are dry from dry air, and from here cough, runny nose.

Air temperature in kindergarten

This heating season ended exactly on time this year, but it started late. All is well in our garden. It is private and the heating is individual. Children are more comfortable in the garden than at home, where it is cold. But what about the children in state kindergartens, when they sleep dressed and in groups go almost in hats. By whom and what should the temperature be in kindergarten groups?

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We all know and understand that the temperature in kindergartens should not be liked or disliked by the director of the garden, the teacher or the nanny. She (temperature) is not set at the whim of an active mother or parent committee. The temperature is strictly regulated by a special document called “State Sanitary Norms and Rules. »

There are bodies in the state that will control the health of children in kindergartens. On the territory of the former USSR there are ministries with which the protection of children's health and the organization of the work of kindergartens and schools are connected.

They have different names: health protection, healthcare, education and science, education, etc., but the essence of the matter does not change.

As a result of ten years of research, we set a goal for what air parameters should be in schools and kindergartens. It is quite obvious that these are the parameters at which the negative impact on the child's health and morbidity is minimal.

Scientists have found that three main indicators are subject to control

1. air exchange intensity
2. air temperature;

Whatever state we are talking about (Ukraine, Russia, Moldova, Belarus, etc.) “State sanitary rules and norms. » are approximately the same and can differ by 1 °C or 5% relative humidity.

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It would seem that air humidity should be a less harmful value, because no one really knows and does not understand how and why to measure it and who should do it. But in groups where there are children, the relative humidity of the air should be 40-60%.

The temperature in the classrooms should be °C, in the workshops °C, in the gym °C with the same air humidity of 40-60%.

In other words, it can be called ventilation, which must be strictly controlled. According to all the same State norms and rules for kindergartens, ventilation should be carried out in the following ways:

• through and corner should be made exclusively in the absence of children during a walk, classes in the hall, before they arrive.
• unilateral - in the presence of children
• in the sleeping room, cross-ventilation is carried out without children. 30 minutes before bedtime, the windows close, during sleep they open and 30 minutes before the end of sleep they close in the cold season. In the warm season, children's sleep takes place with open windows without a draft.

And we have children. the garden is cold (((And the children, of course, do not sleep dressed, but when they are indoors, it is advisable to dress warmer. Otherwise, you will only bring mine there, and that’s it, we sneeze and throw snot

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In our groups, it’s cold only in the off-season, when the heating has not yet been turned on .. And it’s so hot ..

Until the heating is turned off, we sleep dressed, but in pajamas. and when they turn on the heating, they wear summer sundresses, because the group is very hot and the floors are heated.

And in our city there are such gardens that when the heating is turned off, then you enter the room as if you were entering the basement. and children very often get sick at this moment. Therefore, I didn’t drive my son at the moment when the heating was turned off.

In our kindergarten, sometimes children sleep and are dressed when it's cold. But this year, plastic windows were installed in all groups, now it should be warmer.

This, of course, ideally should be so, but in practice this is far from being the case. We have a garden with floor heating in the area, so in winter there is a real steam room!

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It seems to me that this is even worse than when it's cold. But of course, everything should be in moderation.

In the bedroom, we generally caulked all the windows and filled them with silicone, as it was cold for the children to sleep. Therefore, our bedroom is not ventilated. Only the group is ventilated, but the door to the bedroom is opened. so that there is fresher air.

Although we have a state kindergarten, it is very warm here, and the children do not sleep when they are dressed!

Temperature in kindergartens in Russia (SanPiN and not only)

In the CC, the normative documents regulating the temperature regime in the DS have already been discussed more than once. In particular, new sanitary norms and rules that set only the lower temperature limit were subjected to harsh criticism. In this connection, it was concluded that the temperature of 28 gr. is also normal. Let's dot the i's.

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Indeed, SanPiN says ONLY about the lower temperature limit. This means that, on the basis of SanPiN, inspection bodies can hold officials (most often the head of the DS) liable if the temperature is below the set values. For example, the heating season did not start at the time due to the fact that the administration did not provide access for the boiler room workers to the batteries in groups for verification.

However, this does not mean that there is no upper temperature limit.

In addition to SanPiN, this issue is regulated by the GOST 1 Interstate Standard “Residential and public buildings. Indoor microclimate parameters. This document is valid in the Russian Federation from 01/01/2013.

It is he who determines what the air temperature should be in the premises of the kindergarten, depending on the type of group (for example, nursery) and the season (cold or warm).

in the bedroom junior group in the cold season, the optimum air temperature is gr.

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in the toilet for nursery groups during the cold season.

This document is very easy to use.

1. All air parameters are determined: temperature, humidity, air exchange rate, etc.

2. There is a clear gradation according to the specified parameters, depending on the group.

3. The definition of such concepts as warm and cold seasons is given. This means that at the end of April, you can not argue with the teacher about what temperature norm should be observed, but refer to the specified GOST.

4. And most importantly: when determining the parameters of the microclimate (temperature, humidity, etc.), it is necessary to be guided by specific rules - when (at what time of the day, at what outdoor temperature, at what cloudiness), how many times (for example, three times with an interval of at least five minutes), where (at what height), etc.

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All these rules are written in order to avoid the following situation.

Something, Olga Ivanovna, is a bit hot in the group.

Why, Semyon Petrovich, Vera Vasilievna and I are freezing!

If you have doubts that the microclimate parameters do not meet the standards, you have the right to contact:

1. To the head of the institution (again, to the head).

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2. To the Office of Rospotrebnadzor.

Which was done by my husband, when at the beginning of the heating season in the group my daughter had a temperature of 30 degrees for several days. and negotiations with the DC staff came to nothing.

Based on the results of the consideration of the complaint, within a month, employees of the Rospotrebnadzor Department monitored air parameters. The head of the kindergarten is recommended to ensure the temperature regime in accordance with the requirements of GOST.

By the way, the situation returned to normal very quickly, and now in Nastya's group the average air temperature is 22 degrees. The teachers themselves note that being in the room has become much more comfortable.

Search, print, read, argue, prove - the health of our children is only in our hands!

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Catherine

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What is the normal air temperature in kindergartens?

With winter colds, it is cool in the kindergarten group. Is there any difference at all between the norm of air temperature for apartments and children's institutions?

Playrooms should be 22-24°C and bedrooms 19-20°C. To maintain the temperature, the corridors should be equipped with vestibules so that in the corridors and changing rooms the air temperature does not drop below 21°C

In the playrooms of the kindergarten, the air temperature should not be lower than +19 and not higher than +23 (if it is higher, then during the games the children will sweat a lot and all the clothes will be wet).

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In the bedrooms and other rooms, the temperature should be the same and only a few degrees (+23 - +25) higher, it should be in those rooms where children undress to T-shirts and panties: in showers and medical rooms, as well as in the pool (if he is).

And children often get sick due to the fact that the child is constantly under stress from temperature changes. After all, in our apartments the temperature is much higher (up to +28 degrees) than in kindergarten, since at home we don’t run, we don’t jump and we’re used to walking in shorts, and in the kindergarten the temperature cannot be made higher.

Therefore, it is better for us to make the temperature at home lower and then the child will not catch colds so often.

According to studies, three main indicators are subject to control

relative humidity;

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These parameters may differ by 1 °C or by 5% relative humidity.

So, regardless of where you live in kindergartens, the temperature in the playrooms should be °C, in the bedrooms °C. At the same time, for nursery groups located in climatic regions, where the average monthly temperature in January ranges from -14 to -32 ° C, 24 ° C in the playroom and 22 ° C in the bedroom.

For a child, the norm of air temperature is +24. In kindergartens, the air temperature should be from +22 to +24, since he has weaker immunity than adults and this is why he gets sick with ODS, influenza and other unwanted diseases. And temperature differences air for apartments and children's institutions, my opinion does not matter, the air temperature should be the same there and there in order to avoid unwanted diseases.

The optimal parameters of air temperature for a person are degrees Celsius. But for children, the temperature parameters are slightly shifted upwards. That is, degrees - the temperature necessary for a kindergarten.

in our kindergarten in Kirovograd, the temperature in winter is +17. Therefore, I practically do not take the child to the kindergarten.

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How to breathe in kindergarten? Temperature standards

The air temperature in kindergarten is strictly regulated by a special document, which is proudly called "State Sanitary Rules and Norms ...". The state decided that it needed special, again state, bodies that would take care of the health of children. As a result, in all the republics of the former USSR, without exception, there are ministries that control everything related to the protection of children's health and organize the work of kindergartens and schools. These ministries are called differently: health, health, education, education and science, etc. etc., but the essence and direction of actions does not depend on the name. Under the leadership of the ministries, scientists have been conducting research for many decades, aiming to find out what the air parameters should be in schools and preschools. It is quite obvious that proper, correct, normal parameters air - these are the parameters at which the negative impact on the health of the child, and hence the incidence - is minimal.

Scientists have found that there are three main indicators to be monitored:

2) relative air humidity;

3) intensity of air exchange.

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For each indicator, medical science has determined optimal values, which, in fact, are included in the above-mentioned "State Sanitary Rules and Norms ...". Whatever state we are talking about (Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Moldova, etc.), these values ​​are approximate. So, wherever you live - if your child attends kindergarten, there should be a temperature in the playrooms of ° C, and in the bedrooms of ° C. At the same time, 24 °С in the playroom and 22 °С in the bedroom is a recommendation for nursery groups located in climatic regions where the average monthly temperature in January ranges from -14 to -32 °С.

the air temperature in the playroom of the kindergarten should never and under no circumstances exceed 24 ° C;

the air temperature in the kindergarten bedroom should never and under no circumstances exceed 22 °C.

At first glance, it is easier with air humidity: no one really understands what it is, why and how to measure it, how to regulate it, and who should do it. It is not surprising that the recommendations, according to which the relative humidity of the air should be 40-60%, are perceived as something abstract and incomprehensible. Nevertheless, at this stage, let's at least repeat and remember: the relative humidity in the premises of the kindergarten should be 40-60%. A few words about air exchange. The main method of its practical implementation is ventilation, but ventilation is extremely difficult to regulate and control. Nevertheless, it will probably be interesting for you to familiarize yourself with some of the provisions of the State Rules and Regulations for DOW:

To create favorable environmental conditions, it is necessary to thoroughly ventilate all rooms daily. The most effective through and corner ventilation. It should be carried out only in the absence of children: before their arrival, during classes in the hall, during a walk.

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One-way ventilation is carried out in the presence of children.

In the bedrooms, cross-ventilation should be carried out in the absence of children. In the cold season, transoms, vents should be closed 30 minutes beforehand. before sleep children; open during sleep on one side and close in 30 minutes. before the rise. In the warm season, sleep (day and night) is carried out with open windows (avoid drafts).

Please note: these are not recommendations for any special Spartan groups. These are State (!) requirements (!) for the most ordinary kindergarten. What do we have in practice? In the vast majority of preschool educational institutions and schools, the air indicators do not meet the State requirements. Of course, exceptions are possible, but these exceptions take place only when an emergency arises: the heating was not turned on, an accident, an extremely low temperature outside, low gas pressure, etc. etc. However, if we consider a normal average kindergarten in which the heating system works “normally”, then in this kindergarten the temperature and humidity of the air almost always do not meet the existing requirements. Complaints that it is very hot in the kindergarten and there is nothing to breathe come from everywhere. A temperature of 28 ° C is almost standard, 30 ° C is not at all uncommon. The value of air humidity is a secret with seven seals. A kindergarten with a hygrometer (a device for measuring humidity) is as rare as a kindergarten with its own swimming pool, although swimming pools appear to be more common. Maybe it's all nonsense? It's OK? Maybe that's how it should be? Heat is not cold (heat does not break bones)! But any heating system dries out the air. The more intensively the heaters work and, accordingly, the higher the temperature in the room, the drier the air. Dry air is very bad and dangerous. Why?

The mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract come into contact with billions of microbes every day. The vast majority of microbes do not have any negative effect on the body, because, firstly, they cannot gain a foothold on the surface of the mucous membranes (in the nose, in the throat), and secondly, the mucous membranes produce liquid (mucus, snot, sputum), which in large quantities contains substances that kill viruses and bacteria. The ability of mucous membranes to stop and destroy microbes at the injection site is called local immunity. If the local immunity has not coped, then the disease is already developing and the general immunity begins to work. If your child often suffers from "cold" diseases, then he has a weak local immunity.

Congenitally weak local immunity is almost never. Local immunity is destroyed by parents and the administration of preschool institutions. We live in a country where the heating season is at least half a year. This means that at least half a year (half a lifetime!) Our children spend most of their time in rooms with dry and warm air. Snot, sputum, mucus can kill the infection only when they are liquid. Dry mucus is a protein-rich breeding ground for bacteria. Dry air leads to drying of the mucous membranes and disables the system of local immunity. Dry air dries out the mucus and promotes its infection. Dried mucus is the main cause of otitis, sinusitis, bronchitis and pneumonia. Dry air is the main reason for the growth of adenoids and the development of chronic tonsillitis. Dry air increases the sensitivity of mucous membranes to dust and allergens, hence the risk of allergic diseases - from rhinitis to asthma. Dry air is much more dangerous for children compared to adults: children have a more intense metabolism, they produce more heat, and they regulate heat transfer not so much with their skin (like mom and dad), but with their lungs. dry and warm air does not allow the child to normally “dump” excess heat, this leads to fluid loss during breathing and increases sweating. Hence the thickening of the blood, disruption of the internal organs, endless drinking at night, etc.

And one more point, extremely important in relation to ventilation. Bottom line: the most common childhood illnesses are SARS (acute respiratory viral infections). The main epidemiological feature of respiratory viruses is that they instantly die in cool, moist, moving air and remain active for hours in dry, warm, and still air. Thus, ventilation is the most effective method prevention of SARS in children's groups. The heating practice existing in children's institutions is a genocide of local immunity. This is one of the main reasons for the endless kindergarten snot, these are millions of sick leaves paid by the state, these are tons of antibiotics eaten, these are tens of liters of blood and hundreds of liters of urine collected for analysis, these are thousands of hospitalizations.

Why is everyone silent or saying things that would be better if they were silent?

1. First of all, because they do not know what is right, how it should be. Moreover, everyone is convinced that the child is small and weak, so he needs to be warmed and fed. Numerous examples showing that naked and not overfed get sick less often do not convince anyone of anything.

2. Public opinion unequivocally regards heat as good. Cold (20 ° C), an open window, a walk in wet weather are supposedly the main enemies of children's health. No one can or does not want to understand: children get sick not because they are cold, but because they sweat! Otitis did not begin because the window was open, but because, due to the dryness of the air, the mucus in the auditory tube dried up ...

3. Journalists are the bearers of public opinion and do everything to indulge public opinion. Report on freezing children! What a response, what a rating! The mayor himself called and asked for forgiveness!

4. The administration of the preschool educational institution and employees of the sanitary services have neither the strength, nor the authority, nor the desire to resist public opinion. One mother, who made a scandal due to the fact that her child fell ill with bronchitis, allegedly because the window was open, will discourage the teacher from opening this window for many years. Moreover, it is this teacher who will be accused of all mortal sins and no one will stand up to her defense.

5. Endless childhood "colds" is an endless business, it's billions received from the sale of immune stimulants, vitamins, antibiotics, expectorants, nose drops, etc. etc. There are thousands of laboratories looking for reasons your common illnesses.

In the bedrooms and playrooms of each preschool educational institution, there should be thermometers and hygrometers.

To humidify the air, it is necessary to use special household appliances - air humidifiers. Steam humidifiers for kindergartens are highly undesirable, and ultrasonic humidifiers are optimal.

Remember: if winter time you open the window, then cold air enters the room, in which there is practically no water (the lower the air temperature, the less water vapor in it). When heated, this air dries the air in the room. The main conclusion is that it is necessary to regulate the air temperature with a closed battery, and not with an open window.

Norm temperature in kindergarten

The requirements for the temperature regime in the premises of preschool organizations (including kindergartens) are established in accordance with the sanitary and epidemiological rules and regulations "Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the arrangement, maintenance and organization of the working regime in preschool organizations." The new SanPiN 2.4.1 (hereinafter referred to as the sanitary rules) came into force on October 1, 2010. SanPiN 2.4.1. are binding on all citizens, legal entities and individual entrepreneurs whose activities are related to the design, construction, reconstruction, operation of objects of preschool organizations, the upbringing and education of children, as well as providing services for the care and supervision of children not related to educational activities.

According to clause 8.5. named sanitary regulations“In winter, the floor temperature in group rooms located on the first floors of the building should be at least 22 ° C.” In addition to the above, in order to maintain the required temperature regime in the premises of preschool organizations, SanPiN 2.4.1. establish the following rules:

In order to maintain the air-thermal regime in the premises of preschool organizations, depending on the climatic regions, the entrances to the buildings must be equipped with vestibules (clause 4.7);

In order to ventilate all the main premises of preschool organizations, windows must be provided with folding transoms and vents that function in all seasons of the year (clause 4.13);

Window glazing must be made of solid fiberglass,

at the same time, the replacement of broken glasses should be carried out immediately (clause 4.15);

Heat supply of buildings of preschool organizations should be provided from the heat networks of thermal power plants, district and local boiler houses with backup input; the use of autonomous or gas heating is allowed; steam heating is not used (clause 8.2);

It is not allowed to use portable heating devices, as well as heaters with infrared radiation (clause 8.3);

In the presence of stove heating in existing buildings preschool organizations, the firebox is arranged in a place inaccessible to children; in order to avoid indoor air pollution with carbon monoxide, chimneys are closed no earlier than the complete combustion of the fuel and no later than 2 hours before the arrival of children (clause 8.3);

For newly built and reconstructed buildings of preschool organizations, stove heating is not allowed (clause 8.4);

Control over the air temperature in all the main rooms for the stay of children is carried out using a household thermometer attached to inner wall, at a height of 0.8 - 1.0 meters (clause 8.11).

In accordance with Article 33 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, citizens of the Russian Federation have the right to apply personally, as well as send individual and collective appeals to government bodies and local governments. According to Article 7 of the Federal Law of 02.05.2006. 59-FZ “On the Procedure for Considering Appeals from Citizens of the Russian Federation”, a citizen’s appeal, set out in writing, must contain the name of the body to which it is sent, or the last name, first name, patronymic of the official, or the position of the relevant person, as well as their last name , name, patronymic, postal address, essence of the appeal (description of the circumstances in connection with which the appeal is filed; name of the body or head whose actions, inaction, decisions are being appealed; request for prosecutorial response measures). Thus, parents who believe that sanitary rules are not observed in the kindergarten to which they brought their children can apply to the prosecutor's office or to the territorial department of Rospotrebnadzor.

If violations in preschool organizations of the temperature regime provided for by sanitary rules are detected, the prosecutor, in order to eliminate violations, in accordance with Article 24 of the Federal Law "On the Prosecutor's Office of the Russian Federation", has the right to submit a proposal to eliminate violations of the law. Also, the prosecutor or an official of the territorial department of Rospotrebnadzor can initiate a case on an administrative offense under Article 6.4. Code of the Russian Federation on Administrative Offenses (hereinafter referred to as the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation) - for violation of sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the operation of residential premises and public spaces, buildings. The maximum punishment for violations under this article is provided for legal entities - imposition administrative fine cut off or administrative suspension of activities for up to 90 days.

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Air temperature in the kindergarten group

Good afternoon. Thanks a lot for the replies. Please tell me if there are (and if so, in what regulatory documents) requirements for the restriction, i.e. the highest possible air temperature in the group and in the bedroom (or combined groups-bedrooms) of the kindergarten? Below is the temperature norm, but is there an extreme limit? If the temperature in the group is 5 degrees higher than normal, is this also normal or not? The manager says that there is a lower norm, for example, in a group of degrees (this is the lower norm), and if in a group of degrees, then no one will complain, because. there is no temperature limit. Julia.

Annex 3 to the sanitary rules SanPiN 2.4.1 regulates the required air temperature values ​​​​for the main premises of preschool educational institutions, for example:

1) in reception, play and toilet nursery groups, the temperature should be maintained at 22-24 ° C;

2) in reception rooms, playrooms of the younger preschool group ° С;

3) in group, locker rooms ° С;

4) in the bedrooms of nursery and preschool groups ° С;

5) in the halls for music and gymnastics ° С;

6) in halls with a swimming pool bath - at least 29°С;

7) in locker rooms with shower basins°C;

8) in medical premises °C.

1) according to Appendix N 3 to SanPiN 2.4.1. in the premises of the preschool educational institution, t ° (C) must be observed - not lower than:

In reception, play nursery group cells: 22 - 24 ° C;

In reception rooms, playrooms of the junior, middle, senior group cells: 21 - 23 ° C;

In the bedrooms of all group cells: 19 - 20 °C.

Regarding the upper temperature limit in paragraph 11.2 SanPiN 2.1.2. "Requirements for living conditions in residential buildings and premises" are established allowable norms temperature for the living room, which should be used in the ECE:

During the cold period °C (with a resulting temperature of 17-23°C), with a relative humidity of 60% and an air velocity in the premises of residential buildings of 0.2 m/s.

During the warm period °C (with a resulting temperature of 18-27°C), with a relative humidity of 65% and an air velocity in the premises of residential buildings of 0.3 m/s.

That is, depending on the cold or warm period of the year, the maximum resulting temperature in the premises of the kindergarten can be 23 and 27 ° C.

Based on clauses 3.3 and 3.4 of SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96:

Cold period of the year - a period of the year characterized by an average daily temperature of the outside air equal to + 10 ° C and below;

The warm period of the year is the period of the year characterized by the average daily temperature of the outside air above +10°C.

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Requirements for the temperature regime in the preschool educational institution.

The requirements for the temperature regime in the premises of preschool organizations (including kindergartens) are established in accordance with the sanitary and epidemiological rules and regulations "Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the arrangement, maintenance and organization of the working regime in preschool organizations." New "Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the device, content and organization of the working regime in preschool organizations" SanPiN 2.4.1. (hereinafter referred to as the sanitary rules) came into force on October 1, 2010. SanPiN 2.4.1. are mandatory for all citizens, legal entities and individual entrepreneurs whose activities are related to the design, construction, reconstruction, operation of facilities of preschool organizations, the upbringing and education of children, as well as providing services for the care and supervision of children, do not related to educational activities.

Annex 3 to the sanitary rules SanPiN 2.4.1 regulates the required air temperature values ​​​​for the main premises of preschool educational institutions, for example:

1) in reception, play and toilet nursery groups, the temperature should be maintained at 22-24 ° C;

2) in reception rooms, playrooms of the younger preschool group - 21-23 ° С;

3) in group, locker rooms - 21-23°С;

4) in the bedrooms of nursery and preschool groups - 19-20 ° С;

5) in the halls for music and gymnastics - 19-20°С;

6) in medical premises - 22-24°C.

According to clause 8.5. of these sanitary rules "In winter, the floor temperature in group rooms located on the first floors of the building must be at least 22 ° C." In addition to the above, in order to maintain the required temperature regime in the premises of preschool organizations, SanPiN 2.4.1 establishes the following rules:

- in order to maintain the air-thermal regime in the premises of preschool organizations, depending on the climatic regions, the entrances to the buildings must be equipped with vestibules (clause 4.7);

- in order to ventilate all the main premises of preschool organizations, windows must be provided with folding transoms and vents that are in good working order and functioning in all seasons of the year (clause 4.13);

– window glazing must be made of solid fiberglass, while the replacement of broken glass must be carried out immediately (clause 4.15);

- heat supply of buildings of preschool organizations should be provided from the heat networks of thermal power plants, district and local boiler houses with backup input; the use of autonomous or gas heating is allowed; steam heating is not used (clause 8.2);

- it is not allowed to use portable heating devices, as well as heaters with infrared radiation (clause 8.3);

- in the presence of stove heating in existing buildings of preschool organizations, the firebox is arranged in a place inaccessible to children; in order to avoid indoor air pollution with carbon monoxide, chimneys are closed no earlier than the complete combustion of the fuel and no later than 2 hours before the arrival of children (clause 8.3);

- for newly built and reconstructed buildings of preschool organizations, stove heating is not allowed (clause 8.4);

- control over the air temperature in all the main rooms for the stay of children is carried out using a household thermometer attached to the inner wall at a height of 0.8 - 1.0 meters (clause 8.11).