Fire occurs due to careless handling of fire. The source of the fire may be located in hard-to-reach places, so the firefighters who arrive can not immediately neutralize it. The main danger to human life is the products of combustion and temperature increase. In order to secure the evacuation, specialists in fire systems have developed roof smoke exhaust fans.
Types and characteristics
The roof fan is one of the units of the smoke exhaust system, which is designed to remove the hot gas mixture from the building. It is he who takes on the main thermal shock and, thanks to his design, continues to work until the fire is completely eliminated. The temperature of the removed gas mixture can reach +900 °С.
Roof smoke exhaust fans are of three types, depending on the method of removing the gas mixture to the outside: axial, diagonal and radial.
- one of the simplest in its design. It is a cylinder with blades in a protective casing. Rotating, the propeller blades artificially reduce pressure and thereby draw out the gas mixture. The appearance resembles a simple home fan.
The diagonal fan is an elongated drum, inside which one or more impellers are placed. The blades suck in hot air in the direction of the axis, and throw it out diagonally, hence its name. The advantage of this unit is its high performance and low noise level.
A centrifugal or radial fan removes smoke from the room due to the special design of the blades. During operation, such a fan throws combustion products out into the street due to the centrifugal force created by the curved blades. With high air exchange, such a fan is quite noisy, so it is usually installed in industrial buildings.
Roof fans of smoke removal are automatic and manual. Automatic devices are equipped with special sensors. They work when the temperature rises. Manual models are equipped with a special button to turn on.
Criterias of choice
Before choosing a roof fan, there are a number of criteria to consider:
The roof fan is assembled at the factory. This helps to avoid design inaccuracies that reduce aerodynamic performance. As a rule, the model of the smoke exhaust fan is chosen at the design stage. But if the fan has become unusable during operation, then you can choose it yourself, according to the existing nomenclature.
In the designation of the fan VR-10-DU-2ch/600(400) °С-5.5/710, the letters indicate its type (“VR” – radial, “DU” – smoke exhaust). Numeric values in order determine its main parameters:
- "10" - wheel size;
- "2h" - fire resistance limit;
- "600(400) °C" is the temperature of the transported gas mixture;
- "5.5 / 710" - engine characteristics, power and speed.
Some manufacturers add the direction of rotation of the wheel and the position of the body in degrees to the standard nomenclature.
Device mounting
Installation of the fan depends on the type and angle of the roof. To begin with, a hole is made and a check valve is installed in it, if necessary, a vibration-absorbing structure is mounted.
Then the pallet is fixed, and on top the fan design itself. It is important not to skew during installation, as the fan will not work in this position. After fixing, it is necessary to treat all joints with a special refractory sealant.
When choosing a roof smoke exhaust fan, it must be remembered that it helps people not get poisoned or burned by combustion products during a fire, so its choice must be carefully considered. It must be powerful, compact and low noise. The design should be lightweight and fire resistant.
An axial fan is usually an impeller (K) located in a cylindrical housing, mounted on an electric motor shaft. Additionally, an inlet guide vane (VNA) and a directing vane SA can be used.
Our company manufactures axial industrial fans according to the K and K+CA schemes.
In an axial fan, the conveyed medium passes along the axis of rotation of the impeller.
The main part of the axial fan is the impeller, due to the rotation of which part of the drive energy is transferred to the air to create a certain pressure and speed of the moving medium.
The impeller consists of a sleeve and blades placed evenly around the circumference in a certain way. The blades are made in bulk or sheet and can be rotary or fixed.
The straightener (SA) is used to convert the dynamic pressure associated with the swirling speed of the flow behind the impeller into static pressure. At the same time, the static pressure and static efficiency increase without increasing the power consumption. In some designs, the SA additionally performs the functions of a power unit, where an electric motor or a bearing unit can be placed.
Roof fans axial supply type VKOP and VKOP-K
Axial supply roof fans are used in supply smoke ventilation (PD) systems and are installed on the roofs of buildings and structures.
Fans supply outdoor air to the premises provided for in paragraphs. 7.14 of the set of rules SP 7.13.130 “Heating, ventilation and air conditioning. Fire safety requirements”, ensuring smoke-free escape routes for people in case of fire.
The use of fans simplifies the ventilation system, saves space in technical rooms and is regulated by paragraphs. 7.17 SP 7.13.130.
WCOP
Fans of the VKOP type are a simple and economical version of a roof installation for supply smoke ventilation.
VKOP can be installed on an air duct or a prepared base on the roof. In the absence of a prepared base, it is recommended to install the VKOP on the roof on a mounting type SMK or SMKU using an adapter of the PO-SMK type.
VKOP-K
Distinctive features of the VKOP-K fan from the VKOP fan are:
standard complete set with adapter PO-SMK for mounting on a glass of SMK or SMKU;
improved appearance;
non-return valves and protective nets built into the protective cap;
in a variant version, the fan is closed with a thermal and noise-insulating casing.
The VKOP-K fan is a complete air booster unit with design options for any project requirements.
UVOP-type units are used in supply smoke ventilation (PD) systems and are installed on the roofs of buildings and structures.
When the unit is operating without air ducts, an inlet confuser of the KS-VO type with a protective mesh is used on the suction side.
To reduce the dynamic pressure at the outlet of the unit, it is recommended to use an outlet diffuser of the DV-VO type.
VOF-DU
Axial flare fan for smoke exhaust systems in case of fire is made on the basis of a standard axial fan for smoke exhaust systems in case of fire, type VO-13-284-DU.
The fan is installed vertically on a special adapter for subsequent installation on a standard housing of the SMK or SMKU type.
Around the fan there is a casing in the form of an octahedron and truncated octahedral pyramids in the upper and lower parts of the casing.
The air outlet of the fan is closed by a flap check valve, which is completely weatherproof.
The use of such a casing determines the modern design of the fan, provides an ejector effect during operation, which actually increases the air throughput.
The use of an axial fan in its design complements the roof radial fans with its field of parameters and provides ample opportunities for selecting fans.
VKOP-S
The axial supply roof fan of the VKOP-S type is primarily used in supply smoke ventilation (PD) systems. The fan can also be used as a normal supply roof fan.
The fan consists of a typical axial fan of various designs, mounted on a special adapter for subsequent installation on a standard sleeve of the SMK or SMKU type.
Around the fan there is a casing in the form of an octahedron and truncated octahedral pyramids in the upper and lower parts of the casing. The casing has rectangular openings with protective meshes for air intake.
The use of the VKOP-S fan paired with the VOF-DU fan creates a harmonious pair of industrial installations on the roof of the building, created in the same style and having a modern design.
IN TO
The roof axial fan is made on the basis of the standard axial fan VO-13-284.
To improve performance, the fan is equipped with a confuser and a diffuser. The fan is installed vertically and has an umbrella to protect it from atmospheric precipitation. Fine-mesh mesh as part of the umbrella, guaranteed to protect the air channel from foreign objects. To install the fan on the roof, it is convenient to use a standard housing of the SMK or SMK type with the appropriate PO-SMK adapter.
VKO-K
Axial roof fan with damper (based on VO-13-284).
The fan has a built-in non-return valve that prevents the penetration of atmospheric air and precipitation into the serviced ventilation duct when the fan is off.
VKO-K is manufactured in various versions:
01 - with an outer casing that provides additional protection for the fan housing and valve, as well as improves performance due to the ejection effect;
02 - a simplified version, used for installation in cramped conditions;
03 - comes with an umbrella for additional protection from atmospheric precipitation.
VKO and VKO-K fans, thanks to a different field of parameters, complement the range of radial roof fans.
To reduce the levels of vibration transmitted from fans to the bases and attached air ducts, various types of vibration isolators and flexible connectors are used.
Additional equipment
Purpose
Flexible inserts are designed to connect general purpose fans with air ducts or valves.
Design
Inserts can be installed on the suction side and on the discharge side of the fan (VG-VO). The insert consists of a sleeve and flanges fixed on it. On the VG-VO inserts, a strip flange is used.
The material of the hose and flanges is determined by the conveyed medium. For each version of the fan, a corresponding version of the insert is provided.
Operating conditions
Flexible inserts are intended for operation in conditions of moderate (U), tropical (T) climate of the 1st and 2nd category of placement in accordance with GOST 15150-69.
ambient temperature:
from -45 to +40°C for a temperate climate,
from -10 to +45°С for tropical climate
| Flexible inserts - overall and connecting dimensions | ||||||
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| Designation | Execution | Dimensions, mm | Weight, kg |
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| D | D1 | d | n | |||
| VG-VO-3.15 | 1 | 315 | 360 | 10 | 8 | 2,3 |
| VG-VO-3.55 | 355 | 400 | 3,9 | |||
| VG-VO-4.0 | 400 | 440 | 4,4 | |||
| VG-VO-4.5 | 450 | 490 | 4,9 | |||
| VG-VO-5.0 | 500 | 540 | 12 | 16 | 5,5 | |
| VG-VO-5.6 | 560 | 600 | 6,2 | |||
| VG-VO-6.3 | 630 | 670 | 7 | |||
| VG-VO-7.1 | 2 | 710 | 760 | 8 | ||
| VG-VO-8.0 | 800 | 850 | 9 | |||
| VG-VO-9.0 | 900 | 950 | 13 | |||
| VG-VO-10.0 | 1000 | 1050 | 14 | |||
| VG-VO-11.2 | 1120 | 1180 | 18 | |||
| VG-VO-12.5 | 1250 | 1310 | 20 | |||
| VG-VO-14.0 | 1400 | 1460 | 25 | |||
| VG-VO-16.0 | 1600 | 1660 | 32 | |||
KVDU - roof smoke exhaust fan
DU - smoke exhaust
PVC - PetroVentKomplekt
When a fire occurs and a fire starts, for people in the room, not only the fire itself is dangerous, but also combustion products that can lead to complete disorientation and loss of consciousness. For this reason, it is important to ensure that smoke is removed from the very first seconds with the help of a special ventilation design.
Purpose and device
The PetroVentKomplekt company manufactures smoke exhaust fans, axial fans for air boost and roof supply fans, which are successfully used at construction, industrial and administrative facilities throughout Russia and the Customs Union.
Mounting of the roof radial fan DYM (VKR)
Roof smoke exhaust fans DYM-F (exhaust upwards) and DYM-N (exhaust to the side) remove combustion products from the premises engulfed in flames, thereby providing conditions for the work of the fire brigade and the survival of the victims. Both models, DYM-F and DYM-N, are radial smoke exhaust fans capable of operating at temperatures up to 600 C for two hours. Additional equipment includes mounting cups for mounting to the roof (models MSU, MSU-VKOP), as well as check valves and control panels.
Smoke exhaust fans from PetroVentKomplekt
The specialists of the technical department of our company have developed an energy-efficient fan impeller, which, with the same efficiency, allows the use of smoke exhaust systems of more compact dimensions and electric motors of less power.
In addition, all remote roof fans manufactured by PetroVentKomplekt have landing dimensions that are fully compatible with equipment from other manufacturers. This allows us to use our equipment at any facilities and for the implementation of even the most complex projects. If necessary, the professionals of our company will help you choose the optimal equipment and elements of the installation kit, as well as assist in commissioning at the facility.
If you want to buy smoke exhaust fans at the manufacturer's price, get a full free consultation from our technical specialist by calling: +7-812-309-48-11, or by sending a request through the feedback form on the website.
Already now you can download the price list for products, technical catalog, selection program and questionnaires:
Selection program
questionnaires
technical catalog
Price list
The TECHVENTPROM company offers roof smoke exhaust fans (VRMK) radial type. Direct purpose - air extraction in residential and industrial premises.
All prices on request
Usually, roof fan installed on the roof of the building. They are used to remove high-temperature smoke that occurs during a fire, as well as to ventilate air with the environment. Horizontal and vertical views are presented, as well as four and two-way air outlets.
Purpose of roof smoke exhaust fans VRMK
The fans comply with the fire safety requirements established in GOST R 53 302-2009, SP 7.13130.2009 and are designed to move smoke-air mixtures formed during a fire with a temperature of 400°C for 120 minutes and 600°C for 120 minutes.
The transported medium must be non-explosive, do not contain explosive gas mixtures, sticky substances, fibrous, abrasive materials, and cannot have an aggressiveness in relation to carbon steels of ordinary quality higher than the aggressiveness of air. The content of dust and other solid impurities in it is not more than 10 mg/m³. For aggressive and explosive environments, fans are made of stainless steel and dissimilar materials.
Roof smoke exhaust fans VRMK are used in emergency exhaust ventilation systems of industrial, public, administrative, residential and other buildings, except for categories A and B according to SP 7.13130.2009. It is forbidden to use the fans for other than their intended purpose.
Operating conditions for rooftop smoke exhaust fans
It is forbidden to use the fans for other than their intended purpose.
The fans are designed for operation in a moderate (U) climate of the 2nd category of location according to GOST 15150-69 at an ambient temperature of minus 45° to +40°C, relative humidity up to 100% at a temperature of 25°C. It is allowed to operate fans in moderate climate conditions of the 1st category of placement.
The root-mean-square value of the vibration velocity of external vibration sources at the fan installation sites should not exceed 2 mm/s.
Main technical data and characteristics of roof smoke exhaust fans
3.1 Design of fans, their overall and connecting dimensions are shown in Figures 1, 2, 3 and in Table 1.
3.2 The aerodynamic characteristics of the fans are shown in Figures 4-27.
3.3 Technical characteristics of electric motors are given in table 2
3.4 Installation of the fan on the sleeves (passage units) of the SMCU in fig. 4
1 - base, 2 - impeller, 3 - fan diffuser, 4 - casing, 5 - wall, 6 - motor blower impeller, 7 - impact impeller, 8 - hub, 9 - screen, 10 - bracket, 11 - blower system diffuser electric motor.
Fig.1 Main parts and components of the fan
1 base, 2 - impeller, 3 - fan diffuser, 4 - casing, 5 - wall, 6 - motor blower impeller, 7 - impact impeller, 8 - hub, 9 - screen, 10 - bracket, 11 - diffuser of the motor blower system , 12 - flare assembly, 13 - flow direction
Fig.2 Main parts and components of the fan
A - length, width of the fan;
H - fan height
D- diameter;
C - distance between the centers of the connecting holes.
Rice. 3. Main parts and components of the fan
Rice. 4. Installation of the fan on the glasses (passage nodes) of the SMCU
Main overall and connecting dimensions
fan VRMK-3,15DU - VRMK-14DU
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Overall and connecting dimensions mm. |
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Fan index |
throw to the side |
ejection upward |
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VRMK-3,15DU |
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VRMK-3,55DU |
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VRMK-4,5DU |
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VRMK-5,6DU |
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VRMK-6,3DU |
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VRMK-7,1DU |
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Recently, in the Russian market of ventilation equipment, there has been a sharp increase in interest in smoke ventilation systems and in the main components of these systems - smoke exhaust fans. This is largely due to the approval since May 1, 2009 of the new “Technical Regulation on Fire Safety Requirements”, one of the sets of rules of which is entirely devoted to fire requirements for heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems: “Rule Code 7.13130.2009 Heating, ventilation and air conditioning. Fire safety requirements» The production of smoke exhaust fans is one of the main activities of the VKTehnologiya company. This article addresses the following questions: Types of smoke exhaust fansThe main differences between smoke exhaust fans are the design of the housing and the type of impeller. The most common and demanded fans in the Russian market are roof centrifugal fans and centrifugal scroll fans . Roof centrifugal fansRoof radial fans have a number of advantages over the others. First of all, fans are placed on the roof, the area of \u200b\u200bwhich, as a rule, is not used. This makes it possible to abandon the equipment of special premises for the placement of smoke exhaust fans, and, as a result, increase the usable area of the premises. Secondly, the fans are placed on the shaft from the construction design, which in many cases makes it possible to abandon the laying of a vertical duct. Also a clear advantage is that the air is released directly from the fan into the environment, and there is no need to use an air duct to remove combustion products from the fan. There are two types of roof smoke exhaust fans: fans with side ejection and upward ejection. When choosing the design of the fan housing, one of the requirements of the regulatory documentation must be taken into account: the release into the atmosphere should be provided at a height of at least 2 m from the roof of combustible materials; it is allowed to release combustion products at a lower height when the roof is protected with non-combustible materials at a distance of at least 2 m from the edge of the ejection hole. The advantage of a side ejection fan is its relatively low cost. The advantage of a fan with upward ejection is the higher location of the combustion products ejection mark relative to the roof level. A mounting sleeve is used to mount the roof smoke exhaust fan. The upper flange of the mounting sleeve is connected to the outer flange of the fan. The lower part of the mounting sleeve has different connecting dimensions depending on the design of the shaft. One way or another, the lower part of the glass rests on the shaft. The weight of the fan is transferred through the mounting sleeve to the shaft. There is a standard range of mounting sleeves, which is presented in the VKT product catalog. Also, depending on the design of the shaft, our designers select glasses with individual connecting dimensions. In certain cases, the use of an insulated mounting sleeve is required. In this case, the body of the glass is covered with thermal insulation, and an insulated air damper is placed inside the glass. Centrifugal scroll fansSometimes the use of roof smoke exhaust fans is not possible. In these cases, apply centrifugal scroll fan. The advantage of this fan is that it can be placed almost anywhere in the building or next to the building, taking into account the norms for equipment placement. In addition, it is possible to connect an air duct to this fan both at the inlet and at the outlet. Given that the fan is capable of developing a pressure of up to 2000 Pa, it is possible to remove combustion products from the fan over fairly long distances. The air ducts on both the suction and discharge sides must have a certain fire resistance. As a rule, the required fire resistance is achieved by coating the air ducts with a fire retardant. Calculation and selection of a smoke exhaust fanWhen calculating and selecting smoke exhaust fans, it should be taken into account that all the characteristics presented in the catalog correspond to normal atmospheric pressure and an air temperature of 20 o C. To convert the fan characteristics to the temperature of the smoke removed, it is necessary to multiply the pressure by a factor of 293 / (273 + T) , where T is the temperature value of the removed smoke in o C. VKTehnologiya produces fans with backward curved blades. When choosing a fan for one operating point, as a rule, several fans are suitable. As one of the options, you should choose the fan that has a lower rated motor power, if this characteristic is relevant. Otherwise, it is recommended to take the fan, the size of which is smaller - in order to reduce the cost of its cost. It must also be remembered that at different points on the operating curve, the fan consumes different power, that is, the rated motor power depends on the characteristics of the network. The principle of operation and control of the smoke exhaust fanThe principle of operation and control of the smoke exhaust fan is quite simple. The control box is used for the fan. The signal to turn on the fan comes to the control panel from the fire control panel. As a rule, a smoke exhaust fan is used only in smoke ventilation, but sometimes it can be used in general ventilation systems. In this case, a frequency converter is used, which, upon receiving a signal from the fire control panel, increases the fan speed. This scheme is quite advantageous, since it allows you to abandon the additional general ventilation system, using only the smoke exhaust system.  Loading... | ||||||||