It often happens that when we get up in the morning and go to the washbasin, instead of a good powerful stream of water from the tap, we find only a thin, barely oozing stream. To fill a kettle or coffee pot, you have to spend a lot of time, and performing the usual hygiene procedures turns into torture. Not to mention the fact that many household appliances, such as a washing machine, simply will not work in such conditions. The problem is serious, but it can be solved by installing a pump that increases pressure. However, first you need to understand the reasons for its occurrence.
Standards for water supply parameters
Requirements for the parameters of the water supply network in apartment building set out in SNiP 2.04.02-84. According to this document, the value of water pressure at the entrance to the apartment must be at least 0.3 atmospheres and not more than 6.0 atmospheres. Conventionally, 1 atmosphere can be considered equal to the pressure created by a water column 10 meters high.
When entering the building, the pressure must be at least 1.0 atm and not more than 6.0 atm. For buildings with a height of more than one floor, the pressure should increase by 0.4 atm for each floor.
It is easy to calculate that with more than twelve floors, these requirements cannot be met. To ensure normal pressure in the upper floors, for example, on the sixteenth, at the entrance to the house it should be equal to:
1.0 atm + 0.4 atm*16 fl. = 7.4 atm
This value is higher than the maximum allowed, established by SNiP. To comply with all regulations, high-rise buildings pressure pumps are used. They are installed in the technical rooms of houses immediately after the water supply entry point. Such pumps pump up the water that has entered the building and deliver it to the upper floors, providing.
Often booster pumps for water supply are already used in buildings with more than five floors. In such cases, it is more often necessary to use them to pump cold water, since the pressure in the pipeline with hot water supported by pumps installed in boiler rooms.
Often even in buildings with a small number of storeys or in high-rise buildings with booster pumps, the water pressure in the apartment is insufficient. The reasons for this can be very different.
Owners of private houses also often face the problem of insufficient pressure in the system autonomous water supply. In this case, it is also necessary to find out the cause and install the appropriate equipment.
Reasons for low pressure
There can be many reasons for poor pressure:
- clogged filters for coarse mechanical cleaning water installed at the entrance to the dwelling;
- underestimation of the estimated diameter of the pipes or its reduction due to the build-up of deposits on the inner walls;
- the presence of defects or malfunctions of valves at the entrance to the house or apartment;
- the presence of malfunctions of the main water supply and loss of pressure due to leaks;
- non-compliance of water supply with standards due to the fault of the water supplier organization, which usually serves the pipelines.
In most cases, you should first eliminate the root cause, and then think about purchasing a pump to increase pressure.
Clogged filters are detected when disassembling and inspecting the filter element. As a rule, this is a brass mesh rolled up in the shape of a cylinder. It may be clogged with large pieces of rust, scale that got into the pipeline during repairs. The grid must be washed and reinstalled.
In high-rise buildings
Understating the diameter of the main pipeline is possible when several more large consumers are connected to the existing water supply network, which were not taken into account in the design. This can happen, for example, if several apartments on the lower floors are converted into non-residential premises used as hairdressers, laundries, SPA-salons. Water consumption in such premises, especially during the daytime, can increase many times over.
Deposits can accumulate on pipe walls due to poor domestic water treatment. Too hard, that is, containing a lot of calcium, water releases this element when heated, and it, especially in a hot pipeline, is deposited on the pipe walls. In both cases, if the diameter of the pipes is insufficient, they must be replaced.
If there are pipeline malfunctions, they must be eliminated, and then re-check the parameters of the water supply system.
The dishonesty of the water supplier can be detected if all previous causes are eliminated, and the pressure in the water supply has not increased. To do this, you need to monitor the pressure during the day in all rooms. It often happens that suppliers turn off some of the electric pumps that are supposed to increase pressure at night or in the middle of the working day. At this time, water consumption in urban residential areas is reduced, and such a shutdown saves energy for the organization, significantly reducing its operating costs.
In a private house
In a private house with an autonomous water supply system, everything is a little different. As a rule, water is supplied either by a deep well pump or a pumping station with a centrifugal vane pump from a well. In the event of a drop in pressure, it is necessary to check the performance of the well, the serviceability of the pump, and pumping station you also need to check the condition of the accumulator, which is responsible for maintaining the working pressure.
Often submersible pump in an autonomous water supply system is designed for high performance. His task is to raise as much as possible more water from the lower horizon. The depth of water can be 120-140 m, and such a pump can no longer cope with the rise of water to the upper floors of the cottage. In this case, it is also necessary to connect a pump to the system to increase the pressure.
Which pump to install
Can be used to boost water pressure various options equipment. If you have to install a pump to increase the water pressure in the apartment, then the choice should be based not only on performance and other functional characteristics. Equally important is the level of noise emitted by the unit during operation. In a private house, this indicator can not always be guided by, since it is possible to install equipment to increase pressure in various utility rooms.
The performance of the pump must take into account the number of people living in the house. The calculation can be based on housing and communal services standards, which assume the use of 200 liters of cold water and 100 liters of hot water per person per day. Of course, such a flow rate is unlikely to be in demand, but a pump with better characteristics than required during operation will work much longer, and the price increase will be insignificant.
When choosing pumps to increase water pressure in a private house with several floors, it is necessary to take into account the possibility of creating the pressure necessary to raise water to the upper floors.
Control method
According to the method of control, pumps for increasing pressure can be manual and automatic.
Hand pumps turn on for the time required to supply water, and then turn off. Such options are used to fill storage tanks. Similar water supply schemes are also used in private homes. The inconvenience lies in the fact that the operation of the pump must be monitored and turned off in time to prevent unreasonable waste of water or running dry.
Booster pumps equipped with special sensors and controllers are able to turn on and off depending on the conditions created by the operating modes. Automation, based on the readings of pressure sensors, will determine when a vacuum appears in the water supply and turn on the pump. If all shut-off devices are closed and the pressure reaches control value, the pump will turn off. Automation will save the pump from dry running if the water supply to it suddenly stops.
Differences in design
According to the principle of operation, the units for increasing the pressure also differ. They can be circulating, which are included directly in the pipeline, or they can be suction - raising water and directing it to the main.
Circulation pumps are used primarily to increase the pressure in the heating system, but with some tolerances they can also be used to increase the pressure in the water supply.
The installation of such pumps is carried out in pipeline breaks, and they, using a rotary impeller, accelerate running water. Such pumps are very quiet, but their performance is low.
To lift more water to greater heights, as well as to increase pressure, you can use centrifugal pumps. The working body in them is an impeller, which is installed in a housing that looks like a snail. Experts among themselves call it that. Water entering through the central hole of the volute is accelerated by a rotating impeller and is ejected under the action of centrifugal force through the side hole, entering the pipeline.
Suction pump operation diagram
The operation of the suction pump is based on the creation of a vacuum in the intake piping. These pumps can lift water from wells and shallow wells. Assembled together with a hydraulic accumulator, such a pump can turn into a full-fledged pumping station that is capable of lifting water several tens of meters.
A vacuum is created when the pump impeller rotates. Depending on its design and engine power, the suction depth may vary, but rarely exceeds 8 meters.
The horizontal distance from the pump to the well also affects the suction depth.
To correctly take into account this characteristic when choosing equipment, you must use the formula:
where H is the maximum possible suction depth,
L is the distance from the pump to the water intake,
h is the height difference between the pump installation site and the water level.
The value of h can increase or decrease depending on weather conditions or time of year. When calculating, you need to take into account the lowest position of the water in the well and take the maximum value of h in the formula.
Features of pumping stations
For the organization of autonomous water supply of a private house, it is advisable to use pumping stations. By design and principle of operation, they can be submersible and suction. The first are installed in the well and are designed to supply water to houses with permanent residence of people. The second can be dismantled if they are not used for a reason. seasonal residence in houses. Depending on the chosen scheme, pumping stations may differ in design and equipment.
For schemes using a storage water tank, a simple submersible pump is suitable, which can be turned on and off manually, especially when large volume tank. It is possible to improve the design of the pumping station by installing float water level sensors in the tank. The advantages of such a scheme are that it makes it possible to use the water supply even when the electric pump is not powered for any reason. If a storage capacity large enough, you can survive significant interruptions in time.
Note! Pumping stations with hydraulic accumulators are most often used. These are metal two-volume tanks in which the cavities are separated by an elastic membrane.
A gas is pumped into one cavity, which creates pressure in the pipeline when it is compressed. Water from a source is pumped into another cavity by a pump. The design of the accumulator has a pressure sensor that turns off the pump when the maximum design value is reached, and turns it on when the pressure drops, when collapsible fittings open in the pipeline. This ensures the automation of the water supply process.
The capacity of the accumulator is selected based on the volume of water consumed. It depends on the size of the tank how even the pressure will be during the use of the water supply, how often the pump will turn on, how much the pressure reserve in the accumulator will be enough if the pump power is suddenly turned off.
Hydraulic accumulators can be used to compose pumping stations with both submersible and suction pumps. When using the latter, it is desirable to complete the station check valve, which is installed at the end of the suction hose.
Power selection
The power of the pressure boosting pump must be selected based on the conditions in which it will have to work, and the requirements for parameters and characteristics. The pump must provide comfortable conditions for the implementation of hygiene procedures, as well as for work household appliances, which requires water supply with certain parameters.
For normal operation of the shower, a pressure of 1 atm is usually sufficient, which must be provided on the top floor of the building. For the operation of a washing machine or dishwasher, the pressure is already higher. To determine which unit to increase the pressure to put at the inlet of the water supply, it is necessary to carefully study the technical documentation of all available devices.
Note! Having chosen a pump for pressure and performance, it is necessary to make sure that the existing electrical network is suitable for operation.
Pump installation
Installation should be done in a location where it will be possible regular maintenance. It should be noted that many booster pumps make noise during operation. If there are utility rooms that are well isolated from residential areas, there will be no problems, and if the boost pump is installed in a small apartment, you need to carefully consider the decision on where to mount this unit.
In some cases, the installation option inside a closed kitchen table slightly reduces the noise. An even better result can be achieved if, during installation, a foam rubber gasket is installed between the pump and the base.
When connecting to the pipeline, it is necessary to provide for the possibility of quick dismantling during repair or replacement in the event of a breakdown. To do this, you must use detachable fittings.
Notable Models
The most common manufacturers of pumps for increasing pressure and pressure are traditionally Grundfos, Jeelex, Wilo.
One of best pumps you can safely call Grundfos UPA 15-90 (N). This device, consuming only 120 W of electricity, is capable of raising water by 8 meters at a minimum pressure of 0.2 atm, while providing a flow rate of up to 1.5 m³ / h. The pump is very quiet, the noise level is only 35 dB. Service life up to 10 years.
For more demanding users, we can recommend the Wilo PB-201EA model. This pump is capable of providing a capacity of 3.3 m³ / h, raising water to a height of 15 meters. Noise level during operation 41 dB. Service life up to 10 years.
One of the most powerful Jeelex Jambo 70/50 H-50 H units is a suction pumping station for lifting water. Provides a flow rate of 4.2 m³/h at a lifting height of up to 50 meters and a suction depth of up to 9 meters. The power consumption of the electric pump is 1.1 kW. The device is equipped with a 50 liter hydraulic accumulator.
Perhaps the main parameter in modern is the level of pressure. A comfortable level of water pressure in the pipes allows us to operate the entire system without any problems. If there are problems with this in the water supply, then they automatically affect its performance.
But what if there is not enough water pressure in the water supply? The answer is very simple. Install pressure pumps.
1 Features and purpose
As we all know, modern plumbing in an apartment or country house consists of several basic structures or elements. Perhaps the most important of them is the pipeline itself.
Through the pipeline, water flows to the taps, which can then be obtained in any place suitable for this. The pressure in the system is responsible for the free flow of water through the pipes. By European standards the pressure in the water supply system should be at least 4-5 atmospheres.
This is explained necessary requirements, which are provided by various additional plumbing fixtures. So, the washing machine will not be able to function if the water pressure in the system is not equal to 2 atmospheres. It just won't start.
Pressurized showers and a variety of whirlpool baths require even more serious conditions. They can already be operated normally if the water pressure in the water supply system is at least 4 atmospheres. Various appliances for hydromassage are not limited to the declared characteristics.
As you can see, serious requirements are imposed on the conditions in a modern water supply system. And they don't always answer them. So, in an average apartment, the water pressure in the water supply system can be only 2.5-3 atmospheres. Good pressure also happens, but here it rather depends on the quality of the equipment that serves the apartment building.
In country houses, cottages and mansions, the situation is complicated by the fact that people have to deal with the creation of local water supply systems on their own. And not always one single pump is able to provide normal conditions in the water supply. Especially if the pipe laying scheme was planned erroneously or in violation of certain standards.
There are also extreme cases when the pressure level in the water supply system has not just fallen. It is simply not there, since the water does not reach the consumer. For example, if the riser is too long and the inlet booster pumps are not able to raise the water to a sufficient level.
2 Types and characteristics
As you can see, pressure boosting pumps have different designs and in this parameter they are very seriously different from each other. To begin with, consider their main division according to the type of design and purpose. According to these parameters, they are divided into:
- increase in pressure level;
- Self-priming booster pump stations for water supply systems.
The first variety is a standard booster pump. It is called circulation because of its contribution to the circulation of fluid in the pipes. The device has, as a rule, small dimensions and is very compact. It is cut into a certain section of the pipeline, which increases the pressure level and the fluid circulation rate on it.
Initially, these pumps were conceived for the arrangement of supply systems hot water and heating. This is due to the serious length of the heating circuits, as well as their resistance at the nodal connections.
AT vivo the carrier simply cannot circulate normally in the water supply system, so a special pump is used to increase the pressure.
In a standard water supply, the situation is similar. It's just that here the device is already used not so much for pumping hot liquid, but for stimulating the general level of water movement.
The circulator consists of a small motor that rotates the rotor part with an impeller. It is this small mechanism that is able to pump water into the chamber and significantly improve the performance of the entire pipeline.
The most popular pressure booster pumps are manufactured by Wilo. In particular, the Wilo TOP, Wilo Star-RS, Wilo Star, etc. lines.
Now let's turn to the second type. booster pumps. This is a much more serious unit that cuts off the water supply system from external recharge.
2.1 How to choose booster pumps?
If you need to choose a household pump to increase the pressure in the pipeline, then you should be guided by dry calculations and the specific characteristics of the equipment. To begin with, it is recommended to contact a specialist to assess the condition of your system.
As a last resort, measure the pressure yourself. This will help you select the optimum capacity water pumps. After all, there is no point in overpaying for too powerful equipment, which in your case simply cannot reach its potential.
A circulation sample to increase pressure is worth buying if you have water in you, but its pressure is too weak. Moreover, to level the lack of 2-3 atmospheres, one sample is enough. In some cases, it is necessary to install two pumps. But this happens quite rarely.
Pump booster stations should be chosen if you don’t have tap water at all, but lower in level in the system (for example, from neighbors below, if you are a tenant apartment building) it exists.
In this case self-priming pump will pump fluid to your level, and the accumulator will completely close the system and give you the opportunity to control its condition yourself.
Of the popular manufacturers, it is better to buy pumps or Grundfos. Since Wilo companies have proven themselves in the market from the best side and are time-tested.
2.2 Features and connection technology
Pumps for increasing the pressure in the water supply are mounted quite easily. As a rule, they are embedded at the entrance to the system so that the stimulation of fluid movement takes place as conveniently and efficiently as possible.
So, circulation models are cut into pipes in a certain area. All you need is to connect the device to the pipes, seal the connections and supply electricity. Then it remains to test the operation of the device in practice.
It is worth remembering that circulation models must be mounted in a single position. The correct position will be indicated by the manufacturer on the packaging. If you install the device by mistake, it will either work poorly or refuse to start at all.
2.3 How is the pump installed? (video)
If the house has running water, it is logical to assume that it has water. But, unfortunately, this is not always the case. Sometimes the pressure is so weak that household appliances, unable to withstand such a test, simply refuse to work; in high-rise buildings, water often does not reach the upper floors at all, stopping at lower levels. It is in such situations that pumps will come in handy to increase the water pressure in the system.
How to achieve ideal pressure in water pipes?
Several values are used as units for measuring water pressure in pipes: 1 bar \u003d 1.0197 atmospheres \u003d 10.19 m of water column. According to the regulations, the pressure in urban water supply networks should be 4 atmospheres, but the reality is that the differences can be very significant. Pressure of more than 6-7 atmospheres has a detrimental effect on sensitive imported and domestic plumbing, destroys pipe connections, but even low pressure causes no less trouble. At a pressure of less than 2 atmospheres, neither the washing nor Dishwasher not to mention the jacuzzi.
Minimum pressure required to operate most household appliances, ranges from 1.5 to 2.4 atmospheres, in fire extinguishing systems the requirements are more serious - at least 3 atmospheres. If the indicators in the system are much lower, for example, because the apartment is located on last floor buildings, or because of the large water analysis, then it becomes necessary to use special means (boosting installations) that would support required level pressure.
Before selecting a high pressure pump, it is necessary to specify the problem. The most frequent complaints are:
- tap water flows, but the pressure is so weak that there is no question of any comfort;
- There is no water only on the upper floors of the building, on the lower - everything is in order.
In the first case, a water pressure booster pump can serve as a solution to the problem. In the second, he will be powerless, he will have to fork out for the purchase of a self-priming unit.
A pumping station can solve pressure problems in most cases, but you need to know how to connect this equipment
The choice is very individual, depending on the need for water and several other important factors. Before doing this, you need to make sure that it is precisely in insufficient pressure, and not in clogged pipes because, thanks to lime deposits or mechanical particles, the diameter of the pipes can become much smaller over time, then the pump will not help, the water supply will need to be replaced. If the problem lies, indeed, in a weak pressure, then the equipment will be useful.
Model classification
So, when choosing, they take into account whether it is necessary to simply increase the weak pressure or to understand the water from the lower floors to the upper ones. In the first case, you will need a small device in terms of power and size, of an “in-line” design, which is simply mounted in a pipeline, in the second, a high-pressure centrifugal water unit with a hydraulic accumulator. They operate in one of two modes:
- Manual mode - ensures continuous operation of the equipment. It is necessary to ensure that it does not overheat and does not fail, turn it off in time.
- Auto mode. With it, the flow sensor regulates the work. As soon as the faucet is turned on and water begins to flow, the pump turns on. This mode is preferable to the first one, in which the water pump for increasing pressure is protected from running in dry mode (in the absence of water), which means it will last longer. The automatic option is more economical.
There is also a classification pumping equipment according to the method of cooling the case. It can be carried out using the motor impeller or using the pumped liquid:
- Cooling by shaft-mounted vanes, so-called dry rotor design. These engines are characterized high efficiency and slight noise during operation.
- Cooling by pumped liquid, so-called wet rotor. The unit with such a cooling system operates almost silently.
For the user, the size of the pump is also of no small importance, because it is often necessary to install equipment in small rooms.
Dry rotor pump boasts high efficiency
In contrast to the previous one, the wet rotor pump runs silently
Usually carried out at the entrance to an apartment or house. It is important to consider that there are universal pumps that can be used for cold and hot water supply systems without any hesitation. And there are those that are used only for either cold water or hot water.
"Heavy artillery": how to choose a household pumping station
If you are convinced that the pipes are not clogged, and the water simply does not reach your floor, then you will have to acquire a more powerful unit - a self-priming pumping station. The pump can be installed with or without a hydraulic accumulator. Many owners of small apartments choose the latter option, but experts strongly recommend choosing the former, even with the smallest tank.
The pumping station will allow you to "raise" water from the ground floor or from a well
The station itself is a surface centrifugal unit for increasing water pressure, which is connected to a hydraulic accumulator and a pressure switch that controls the entire system. With its help, water is taken from the system and supplied to the tank. Even after the pressure switch turns off the pump, the consumer can use the stored water, which is very convenient if the water is often turned off. In this case, the pressure will drop. As soon as it drops to a certain level, the relay will work again and the pump will turn on again. It is easy to guess that the larger the tank, the longer the equipment lasts, since it turns on and off less often.
The scheme of connection to the water supply in a private house
A typical connection diagram for a pressure booster pump in a private house is shown in the figure below.
Scheme of installing a pumping station in a private house with a nearby well
Video: how a pressure booster pump works
What to consider when choosing a specific unit for a house or apartment
So, when choosing pumping equipment, it is necessary to take into account several important points:
- the assigned task;
- characteristics (capacity and generated pressure);
- the authority of the manufacturer;
- the dimensions of the room in which the equipment is planned to be installed;
- the amount to be spent on its acquisition.
Without knowledge of the required performance and pressure, it is very difficult to make the right choice. All necessary calculations it is better to trust a specialist. Many companies that sell such equipment provide such a service for free.
If you just need to slightly increase the pressure in the system, by about 1.5 atmospheres, then the compact pump, which can be easily and simply inserted directly into the pipe, is ideal. Scheme (to the photo): 1 - Circulation unit; 2 - Filter; 3 - Shut-off valve; 4 - Temperature controller; 5 - Safety valve.
Compact booster pump can be plugged directly into the pipe
Some experts consider the installation of an expensive and powerful pump unnecessary. In their opinion, a more rational option is several devices of lower power, which are connected directly in front of the points of analysis and household appliances, the operation of which must be optimized.
Video: installation and switching on the unit
Video: installation and launch of a pumping station with a storage tank
Buying pumping equipment to ensure good water pressure in an apartment or house is not a problem, it is widely represented in household appliances stores, online stores, construction markets. But it’s better to go to a branded salon, where there is a wider choice, there is an opportunity to get expert advice, and there is a warranty service, which is especially important for those who purchase an expensive model.
Work of many kinds plumbing equipment and household appliances directly depends on the pressure in water supply network. If it is low, then this fact is a real problem, especially in high-rise buildings.
The only way out of this situation is to use a pump that increases the pressure in the water supply. Otherwise, living in such an apartment or house becomes extremely uncomfortable.
The rate of pressure in the water supply
The unit of this indicator is bar. Another name is atmospheric unit. Physically, this can be interpreted as the rise of water under such pressure to a height of 10 meters.
In the networks of settlements, the pressure, according to the standards, should be 4-4.5 atmospheres, which ensures the maintenance of buildings elevated number of storeys.
In accordance with the current regulations given in SNiP 2, 0401-85, cold water in the system should be within 0.3-6.0 atmosphere, and hot - 0.3-4.5. But you need to understand that extreme values \u200b\u200bare given in it and this does not mean at all that with such extreme values \u200b\u200bthe plumbing will function normally. In such circumstances, pumps are used to increase the pressure of the water in the water supply.
excessive high pressure in the water supply network is no less dangerous than insufficient. So, if this indicator reaches a value of 6.5-7.5 atmospheres, extreme conditions for connections to work.
In plastic pipelines, threaded connections and joints created by soldering begin to let water through, forming leaks. Under these conditions, installation should only be carried out with welded metal fittings.
It should be noted that flowing artesian wells can give pressure up to 10 atmospheres and in such circumstances it is necessary to use pressure regulating apparatus.
Causes of low water pressure
The circumstances leading to a drop in pressure in the water supply network can be both objective, resulting from natural processes, and subjective, associated with design errors, calculations, equipment selection. They can be formulated as follows:
- Enhanced level water treatment associated with high seasonal consumption. This happens in the summer when private sector consumers use large amounts of water to water vegetable gardens.
- Faulty or underpowered pump at distribution station.
- Clogged pipes. In the case of using metal water pipes, this may be rust mixed with naturally occurring lime insoluble deposits.
- Leaks of water on gusts or leaks in the water supply. They are formed mainly at the joints of pipes or corrode their walls through and through. The only way to avoid such defects is to carry out periodic inspections and Maintenance strictly according to the developed schedule.
- Insufficient capacity of electrical networks feeding the substation.
For the private sector, using individual water intake in the form of wells or boreholes, this becomes possible due to a gradual decrease in their flow rate as a result of silting of sources, clogging of filters.
The most unpleasant thing is that the factors that reduce the pressure in the water supply system do not occur at one moment, their influence is significantly extended over time and is not noticeable. Obviously, constant control over the throughput of the pipeline is needed.
How does a booster pump work?
The most common signs of insufficient pressure in the water supply are low pressure from the tap or the inability to use two or more water points.
This becomes a reality already when the pressure drops closer to the minimum standard value.
If it is checked and found that the water pipes are in good condition, it is necessary to install pumping units to increase the atmosphere in the water supply network. For this, centrifugal devices driven by an electric motor are used.
Performing the same functions - maintaining water pressure in the water supply system - they may differ in the principle of operation:
- Permanent devices - they work around the clock in continuous mode, maintaining water pressure in the system. The disadvantage of this type is the constant consumption of electricity and accelerated wear of equipment. Such devices do an excellent job when turned on in manual mode during peak loads on the water supply, for example, while watering the garden.
- The pump is automatic, equipped with a flow sensor. Its inclusion is carried out in the presence of water movement through the pipe, which indicates the presence of flow in this moment time. This mode of operation is more economical than in the previous case. The cost of an automatic pump to increase the pressure in the water supply is somewhat higher, but this is offset by a more economical mode of operation.
A significant difference for such equipment is the method of cooling. In devices dry rotor the impeller is located in a separate chamber and is separated from the water flow by glands installed in the housing.
Watch the video
Pumps wet rotor work directly in water, which has a positive effect on their durability, since the liquid is both a cooling agent and a lubricant for the bearings.
The main advantage of such devices is noiselessness in operation. This allows them to be installed indoors.
Pump power selection rules - technical characteristics, their meaning
The main factor influencing the choice of a device for supplying water and maintaining normal pressure in the system is the nature of the water intake point:
- The self-priming unit is used in conditions where the water intake point is located below the installation level of the unit. Structurally, they are designed in such a way that they are able to independently suck up water at a distance of up to 8 meters in depth.
The shorter the distance from the water to the pump, the more efficiently it takes water, so the installation site should be as close as possible to the source.
- Normally suction units are installed in the water supply system and maintain pressure in it, while the source of water intake, as a rule, is located above the unit itself. It can be an inlet pipe or a water storage tank.
A separate line produces circulating devices designed to provide accelerated circulation of the coolant in heating systems. They are equipped with a temperature sensor to automatically adjust the flow rate. The place of their installation is the return pipe of the heating circuit.
- Well pumping devices are used to supply water and maintain pressure from large tanks and wells. The design of such a device provides almost complete noiselessness during operation. Air suction is not allowed when the water level drops. This is guaranteed not to happen if the unit is equipped with a device for automatic shutdown at a critically low liquid level.
- Downhole pumps submersible are designed for installation in conditions of cramped dimensions, determined by the diameter of the water intake casing pipe. Therefore, their diameter is small, and the performance is high enough to meet all the needs of consumers.
How to choose a pump based on hydraulic characteristics
The main indicators when choosing are the following indicators:
- Q- device performance, measured in cubic meters per unit of time - m 3 / hour;
- H- head value - the height of the water column, measured in meters.
These two indicators determine the performance of the device. They are interdependent; when any of them changes, the second also changes accordingly.
- For country house for 4 people it is 1-2 cubic meters per hour.
- When using water for irrigation of the site - 2-3 cubic meters per hour.
The pressure indicator required for the water supply network can be determined with sufficient accuracy from the ratio:
H = H geo + (0.2 +L) + 10 (m), where:
H- pressure;
H geo;
L – the total length of the discharge and suction pipes;
10 - the minimum value of the required pressure at the draw-off point.
Using the selected indicators and the calculation performed, you can select a device that meets the requirements of a particular water supply network.
The pressure of the selected pumping unit must ensure that it performs the following functions:
- Raising the water column from the suction point to the required height.
- Overcoming the hydraulic resistance of the pipeline, including the actual pipes, fittings, measuring instruments and control equipment.
- Obtaining the desired pressure at the end point of consumption. To do this, you need to lay a margin to the calculated result, adding another 10-12 meters.
The characteristic indicating the height of the pole is a passport parameter and is always indicated in the accompanying technical documentation.
Watch the video
If the distance between the building and the water intake point is 25-28 meters, you should opt for a submersible pump instead of a self-priming one.
Selection of a booster pump based on technical specifications
Domestic pumping stations are used to organize water supply for private buildings. Such units are capable of producing water intake from various sources - tanks, wells, well water intakes or natural reservoirs. Of the positive aspects of using such a device, the following can be noted:
- The systems maintain the same pressure in the piping, which allows the operation of various household appliances and plumbing equipment in the house.
- There is no need for regular monitoring of the station - the built-in automation ensures the operation of the device for a long time.
Household pumps are demanding on a sustainable power supply.
The main nodes of such a device are:
- hydraulic accumulator;
- surface or submersible pump;
- relay for pressure control;
- liquid return valve on the water intake;
- power supply and adjustment device.
A hydraulic accumulator is a vessel in the form of a cylinder, divided inside by a flexible partition. In the production process, gas is pumped into one compartment at a set pressure.
Water in piping enters through the accumulator, at this time the pumping unit constantly pumps liquid that acts on the flexible connector. When the set value is reached, the membrane acts on the pressure control switch, pumping stops.
When one or more taps are opened, the pressure in the vessel decreases and water is pumped again by the pump.
It is this unit that is the main unit of the station and the operation of the entire installation largely depends on its characteristics.
Watch the video
Pumps that increase the pressure in the water supply
On delivery automatic stations equipped with external pumps. They are installed on a metal base - a frame along with hydraulic accumulators and control units. A water intake pipe is connected to the inlet of the pump, which is immersed inside the casing, into the throat of a crinica or other water intake.
The system with a water intake pipe allows you to install such a device in wells with a narrow casing pipe.
By design, the pumps are vortex or centrifugal action. The first create suction of water due to the rotation of the rotor with blades located directly in the housing.
They work almost silently, which determines their main use as a pump to increase the pressure in the water supply, built into the piping inside the house.
Such units are used in systems operating only at a positive liquid temperature. When defrosted, they simply become unusable.
Centrifugal pumps produce a lot of noise during operation, but they are able to pump water from deep aquifers. In addition, they are functional and negative temperatures, so they are installed either in separately located buildings, or in a borehole caisson.
Hydraulic accumulator device, characteristics
As mentioned above, the water supply to the house when using pumping stations is carried out indirectly through a hydraulic accumulator. Such a device equalizes the pressure in the system and protects it from hydraulic shocks when swapping is enabled.
Watch the video
An important indicator for a battery is its capacity. The larger it is, the less often the station pump turns on, which increases its service life and saves electricity.
Installation and connection of the booster station
Location of booster pressure device, always selectable closer to the water source. In the second case, you need to open and equip a special bunker - a caisson.
Video installation
Watch the video
The depth of such a container should be at least 2 meters. On the bottom, you need to make a water seal from clay, and overlay the walls with bricks or arrange a concrete wall.
It is also possible to install the pumping system in a separate room inside the house if a silent unit is used.
When installing a water intake in a well, you need to make a special shelf on its wall, on which the equipment is placed.
In houses with periodic visits (dachas), the equipment is usually dismantled for the winter and placed in storage in the house.
Watch the video
Since the depth of the well often exceeds the capabilities of the suction pump (8-9) meters, a station with a submersible or ejector pump is used for them, which allow water intake at a well depth of up to 45 meters. But such equipment will cost a little more.
Popular Models
Currently, one of the market leaders in pumping equipment is the brand Gilex. Very democratic in price - from $ 100 - they are quite durable and reliable in operation.
The pumps are available in cast iron, polypropylene and stainless steel housings. The latter option is slightly more expensive, up to $350, which is offset by higher reliability. The volume of the battery is 24 liters.
Configuration option using submersible pump can cost up to $ 500, it reliably pumps water from a depth of up to 32 meters with a flow rate of up to 1200 liters per hour.
Popular in the market and swap stations Grundfos. They are produced in metal chrome-plated cases with hydraulic accumulators of 24 and 50 liters. Stations are almost silent in operation and are distinguished by enviable durability.
A significant drawback of the Grundfos supply policy is the lack of spare parts that are not supplied to our country. So that any malfunction of the equipment leads to the need for it complete replacement.
Prices at Grundfos station start at $250. These are low power units - from 850 watts with an external pump with a lift of 8 meters and a capacity of up to 3700 liters per hour.
Equipment more high power, up to 5000 liters with a 1.5 kW pump already costs twice as much - about $ 500.
The Grundfos family with stainless steel cases starts at $450, and packages are available for $1,200. But they are equipped with many features: protection against overheating and idling, as well as water cooling.
Good feedback comes from consumers of plumbing equipment vilo. These are stations of higher power, designed for water supply of fairly large objects, while the control circuit has the ability to steplessly adjust all the main parameters.
Management is carried out through the active display using a programmable processor. The equipment is very solid and the cost is 1000-1300 dollars per this case quite justified.
It should be noted that up to 4 surface pumps can be installed in a pumping station of this type.
The choice of booster pump in the water supply
Create conditions for comfortable living in a country house without a reliable water supply device is impossible. In modern plumbing systems ah, it is also impossible to do without a booster pressure pump in the water supply.
What you need to consider when selecting, taking into account the cost of electricity and to meet the need for clean water. Let's consider some points:
- The pump used in suburban systems water supply, should provide not only the direct needs of the residents, but also such as watering the garden and the site. And in the presence of a pool - its filling and functioning.
- For a small country house and in the presence of a nearby ground water, it is preferable to install surface pump. Its performance is sufficient for domestic and irrigation needs.
- Deep waters may require the use of an ejector pump. If there are no other options, you will have to take care of the caisson equipment, since such equipment produces a lot of noise.
- In a private water supply system, a storage tank is needed, which is often located in the attic. At the same time, an automatic water refilling device and overflow control are extremely necessary, otherwise the house can be flooded.
- The ideal solution to the problem of water supply can be considered the installation of a pumping station with all the necessary adjustments.
Watch the video
Water pressure when using washing machine or whirlpool tubs should be at least 4 atmospheres.
EntriesOften, water supply systems have insufficient pressure, which complicates not only the adoption water procedures, but also the operation of auxiliary household appliances. For example, the correct operation of a washing machine or a shower cabin may be impaired. To get out of this situation, you have to use a pump to increase the water pressure. In an apartment or house in such situations, it is indispensable.
Many residents of houses and apartments face weak water pressure.
Devices that increase the pressure in the plumbing system are small structures with an engine operating from a conventional electrical network. Installation of the device is carried out by inserting into the pipeline. During operation, the torque from the rotor is transferred to the impeller, which creates additional pressure.
All products can be divided according to the method of management:
- hand-held devices are switched by a person during operation for a certain amount of time;
- automatic devices switch independently, as they have a special sensor.
Related article:
This unit is installed in most closed heating systems, so it is extremely important to know how to choose and calculate it correctly. Our review will help you!
Another classifying feature is the type of cooling;
- wet rotor models operate almost silently, as they pass liquid directly through themselves;
- products with a dry rotor create noise during operation, but are more productive.
Note! Before you purchase a pump to increase the water pressure in an apartment or residential building, you must also take into account the permissible temperature of the working environment. However, there are also universal devices that operate in a wide range.
Appliance Requirements
If the problem associated with insufficient pressure in the water supply is solved by using a special pump, then you should understand what requirements are placed on it. They basically boil down to this:
- uninterrupted work;
- optimal pressure of the working fluid;
- affordable cost;
- required performance.
Note! If water does not reach the upper floors of an apartment or a private house at all, then instead of a conventional pump, it is recommended to purchase a special station. They create the necessary pressure.
Various models of pumps for increasing water pressure: prices and manufacturers
High-quality devices that can serve well for many years are produced by trusted manufacturers. In this regard, it is proposed to study the prices for pump models of well-known brands. On the modern market the following products are popular.
Model Wilo PB-088EA
Of all the Willo PB-088 EA water pressure booster pumps, it can be considered the most suitable for domestic use. The device is installed on a pipeline with a working medium up to 60 degrees. It is quiet, so its operation is quite comfortable. The device is capable of functioning in two modes at once - automatic and manual.
The performance of the device is 2.1 cubic meters. m in one hour. You can buy it in a specialized store for about 3500-4000 rubles.
Model Grundfos 15-90
As alternative for home use, the Grundfos 15-90 water pressure booster pump model can be used. Its characteristics are very similar to the above products. However, its cost is somewhat higher. It reaches 6000 rubles.
Other analogues
The range of products is not limited to the models listed above. The table shows products from other manufacturers, the quality of which is not in doubt.
| Image | Model | Power in watts | Productivity liters per hour | Cost in rubles |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vodotok 15GZ-15 | 120 | 1 500 | 3 100 | |
| Unipump UPA 15-90 | 120 | 1 500 | 6 200 | |
| Unipump UPA 15-120 | 120 | 2 700 | 11 500 | |
| Comfort X15G-10B | 90 | 1 200 | 2 500 | |
| Comfort X15G-18 | 260 | 1 800 | 4 600 |
Note! quality pump to increase the pressure of water, it is impossible to buy for a small amount of money. If the cost of the product is much less than the minimum amount indicated in the table, then it is better to refuse to purchase the product.
How to install a pump to increase water pressure in an apartment or house
It is quite possible to independently carry out work on the installation of the device. However, it is still necessary to familiarize yourself with the basic principles of installation in order to avoid catastrophic errors. Refusal to involve professional workers will save on installation.
Introduction to the installation process
When installing a pump to increase water pressure in a house or apartment, a small piece of pipe is cut out at the inlet of the water supply. The device itself is connected directly to the two ends. If the pipes are made of plastic, then you may need a special soldering iron.
The device must be inserted between cut pipes
When docking with a pipeline, you can confuse the direction of water movement through the device, so you should carefully look at the instructions that come with the product to improve the pressure. After the installation is completed, the device is connected to the mains.
Related article:
If the water pressure is normal or even strong, then you just need to this device. And why you will learn from our separate review.
A properly installed pump will provide your home with water for a long time, if you follow these recommendations:
- it is desirable to protect the mounted equipment from blockages by placing a coarse filter at the inlet;
- before the pump must be installed without fail stop valves to be able to carry out preventive measures;
- the unit must be located in a heated room, which is protected from moisture;
- the first time it is necessary to check the device for leaks in order to detect malfunctions in time.
Note! Desirable for safe operation devices that increase the pressure in the plumbing system, equip a special one that will be connected through a separate RCD.
Main selection criteria
When purchasing a product to increase the pressure in the water supply network, certain points must be taken into account. Usually six criteria are taken into account.
- Power indicator. The value of this parameter will determine how many consumers can operate the device at the same time.
- The level of noise generated during operation. Models can operate loudly or very quietly. This primarily affects the comfort in operation.
- Possible height of water rise. Some devices may not reach the working environment directly to the required level.
- Device dimensions. The possibility of placement in a certain room will depend on the size of a particular model.
- Cross section of connected pipes. If this criterion is not taken into account, installation problems may occur.
- Producer reputation. Mostly high-quality products are produced by companies that are highly popular in the market.
Summarizing
With the advent of pumps to increase water pressure in apartments and separately standing houses deficiencies in plumbing systems can be completely eliminated. Such devices are available from an economic point of view to a wide range of consumers, and therefore are in demand. In some cases, it is better to purchase a device to improve the pressure yourself than to solve the problem with specialized services.
Video: installation in an apartment of a pump that increases water pressure GPD 15-9A
You may also be interested in:
Pumping station for a private house: water supply, varieties and installation features
Loading...