Pros:
- Safety and environmental friendliness. In such devices for heating the coolant, the combustion process is not used, which means that there are no harmful emissions into the atmosphere and there is no need for chimneys.
- Compact and easy to install. The boiler can be placed in almost any room, including in a residential area (wall models). To connect to a power source, the presence of an electrical network is sufficient.
- Silent operation and durability. Models with electronic control and soft start do not create additional noise, and stepwise automatic power adjustment depending on the set temperature and alternate switching of heating elements contribute to an increase in overall resource and efficiency.
- High efficiency . The efficiency of electric boilers is usually at least 93%, and for the best models 99% and higher. Under certain conditions, they can even seriously compete with gas varieties.
- Ease of operation and maintenance. The control is simple and clear, it can be carried out directly on the boiler panel or with the help of remote room regulators. If there is a display, a self-diagnostic function is usually supported. Easy access to the main components simplifies the repair or replacement of individual elements.
Minuses:
- High energy costs. Given its high cost, the long-term use of electric boilers of decent power can be quite expensive pleasure.
- The need to equip the premises with appropriate communications. Here, the ability to connect to a three-phase power supply (for varieties with a power of 12 kW or more), and competent selection of the cable section, and the presence of the correct automatic machines, and protection against voltage surges are also important.
For some reason, it is in private households that networks are most often characterized by instability, which is the most common cause of failure of electronic circuit boards and even heating elements.
Summarize. Which electric boiler is better to buy?
There are a lot of rumors about electric boilers - they say, they are expensive, and they often break down. But these problems are easy to prevent. It is enough to carefully insulate your house (to minimize heat loss), install an inlet water filter, carry out regular maintenance and connect the heating boiler through a voltage stabilizer. It is not necessary to constantly keep the device at maximum power. And in this case, you will have to pay for electricity much less than it seems. All models of electric boilers mentioned in our rating have step-by-step power adjustment, these models are reliable, they have almost no complaints from buyers and service masters. Choose any and keep your home warm!
It is quite natural for any homeowner to want to save fuel for heating a private house. In particular, this applies to natural gas, which continues to grow steadily in price. The first step towards frugality can be taken at the stage of choosing a heat source, that is, purchasing the most economical gas boiler. How to make such a choice will be explained in our article.
What is the thermal energy of the gas used for?
Before you start choosing, you need to know a few important things about heating equipment. The natural gas that enters our homes through the mains must comply with the regulations and have a certain calorific value. This value shows how much heat is released when a unit volume of gas is burned. The task of the heating installation is to direct this energy as much as possible to heat the building. The better she does this, the higher the efficiency of her work.
For reference. In the post-Soviet space, it is customary to make calculations based on the lower or minimum calorific value of gas, its value is 8000 kcal / m3 (33500 kJ / m3).
The efficiency of the heat generator, or otherwise, - its efficiency is expressed as a percentage of calorific value fuel. In simple words, the value of the efficiency of a gas boiler shows what part of the heat of combustion of the fuel he manages to transfer to the house. The larger this part, the more fully the energy carrier is used, you pay less for losses, which means that efficiency increases. Between the two terms "efficiency" and "economical" you can put an equal sign.
A little about the process of burning natural gas. It is quite complicated, but we will not go into details, but will highlight the main substances formed as a result of the process. In the case when sufficient oxygen is supplied and created ideal conditions for combustion, carbon dioxide (carbon dioxide CO2) and ordinary water are released. Now let's list what is spent on thermal energy fuel in the boiler plant:
- for heating the coolant;
- for losses with outgoing flue gases;
- for the evaporation of water formed during chemical reaction burning.
The most efficient and reliable gas boilers operate in such a way that the first article of energy consumption is maximized, and the remaining 2 are minimized.
How to determine the efficiency of the boiler?
Before giving specific recommendations on the selection economical heat generator Let's clarify some points. efficiency modern installations burning natural gas lies in the range of 90-98%. The lowest rate is for inexpensive non-volatile models with a one- or two-stage burner device. Modulating burners with electronic control and forced air injection work better, where the power is regulated smoothly, and not in steps. But one must understand that the burner only burns fuel, and the transfer of heat is the task of other elements of the boiler.
Initially, the heat released in the furnace directly heats the water jacket of an economical gas boiler. The rest of the heat, together with the flue gases, enters the steel or cast iron heat exchanger. This is one of milestones, it is here that the combustion products transfer part of the remaining energy to the water, after which they flow into the chimney. The share of heat that got there is irretrievably lost, leaving in the atmosphere.
How large this proportion is, shows the temperature of the flue gases, indicating the efficiency of the boiler. If the gas temperature at the outlet pipe of the unit is 200 degrees or more, then you have a not very successful design of the heater. It allows too much heat to escape outside. If the temperature of the combustion products is in the range of 100-150 ºС, then this boiler can already be considered as an acceptable option.
Most best performance according to the temperature of the flue gases, gas condensing boilers give out. This is realized by removing the heat of vaporization of water. In the previous section, we talked about how water released as a result of a chemical reaction evaporates, taking away part of the heat of combustion of natural gas. So, the most economical boilers are able to take this energy back by condensing the resulting water vapor.
For this purpose, the unit uses a cylindrical type burner installed inside a stainless steel heat exchanger. The latter is a coil, where the turns are close to one another, and the coolant circulates inside. The steam has no other way but to pass through this coil and condense on its surface, giving off heat. The flue gas temperature of condensing heat generators is record low - from 45 to 70 ºС, and the efficiency reaches 98%.
Determining which gas boiler is the most economical is actually not difficult. These are the condensing units that are mentioned above. Another thing is that they cost a lot of money, like all high-tech devices. The availability of such an acquisition for many homeowners remains in question, so we take the liberty of giving general recommendations for the successful selection of the heating system. First, let's dispel one myth.
Sales representatives of some brands, offering condensing heat generators for heating, use one marketing ploy. Talking about the process of taking heat from water vapor, they declare the efficiency of the unit at the level of 109%. The rationale is this: the efficiency of a standard boiler is 98%, and due to condensation, another 11% is added to it. A simple calculation gives a result of as much as 109%. This shows the picture:
In fact, the efficiency can never be more than 100%, these are the basic laws of physics. After all, the fuel, burning, releases a certain amount of thermal energy. A small proportion of it is spent on the evaporation of water, and the boiler simply returns it back, preventing it from flying into the pipe. Ideally, its efficiency would be 100%, but no more. In practice, even the most expensive and economical gas boilers for a private house can give 98% on the strength.
When choosing a heat generator, you should ask for its technical passport and pay attention to:
- the efficiency value specified in the documentation;
- flue gas temperature different modes unit operation;
- heat exchanger design. The more moves inside it make the products of combustion of fuel, the better;
- quality and thickness of the heat-insulating layer of the water jacket.
If, due to the nature of operation, you need a simple non-volatile unit, then you need to understand that its efficiency cannot be as high as that of condensing boiler. You will have to fully rely on the efficiency of the heating system and the good insulation of the building. And in order to additionally remove heat from flue gases, you can purchase a water economizer. It is installed on the chimney and heats the water flowing through the return pipeline.
Conclusion
Modern gas boilers are quite efficient devices; in terms of efficiency, they lose only to electric heat generators. But the degree of efficiency of the units is very dependent on the presence of high-tech elements in them, and hence on the cost of the product as a whole. The same condensing boilers are as economical as they are expensive. At the same time, a simple budget unit can quite satisfy you, besides, it is able to work on both natural and liquefied gas.
Residents of houses, next to which the main gas lines pass, have a number of advantages over other citizens. This is especially noticeable in winter period the time when the gas heating boilers are started. The rest have to search alternative ways heating.
Of course, the most affordable type of fuel is gas, however, gas equipment is also considered quite simple to operate. But what about those who do not have a gas pipeline? Understand which electric boilers for the home are energy-saving in order to make heating your home with electricity affordable.
Positive qualities of electrical equipment
Electricity is becoming a popular power source for modern boilers. In this regard, many citizens are thinking about which electric boiler is the most economical to choose for their home. This state of affairs is associated with a regular increase in electricity bills. However, with some disadvantages, an economical electric boiler has a sufficient number of advantages:
- maximum autonomy of work;
- reduced noise level during operation;
- no harmful emissions;
- minimum dimensions;
- excellent environmental performance.
In addition, the equipment is less demanding during its installation, because there is no need to call special services to connect it. This energy-saving electric heating boilers compare favorably with gas equipment. During the installation process, even the most economical electric boiler does not need any kind of exhaust, since it and its analogues do not have emissions. When setting the given operating parameters automation will maintain the operating range during the entire period of validity.
Varieties of modern models
Global manufacturers offer customers the following options for heating boilers:
- electrode devices;
- TENovye heaters;
- induction units.
The first type uses electrodes in the design, lowered directly into the liquid coolant (water or antifreeze). During operation, the interaction of liquid and electricity occurs. Water is split into ions moving to the electrodes along a polar basis. The process occurs with the release of thermal energy, which is enough to heat the liquid.
Such an economical electric boiler for heating needs periodic replacement of electrodes. They dissolve during operation due to ionization.
The second type uses a thermoelectric heater during operation. As additional equipment inside it are used temperature sensors and power controllers.
The operation of such a boiler is quite simple. Energy from the heat exchanger is transferred to the fluid (coolant), which is then redirected to the system. Negative factor such a process is the formation of scale on internal surfaces. This negatively affects further operation.
The third type is induction devices. This is one of the most economical electric heating boilers for the home, which uses an inductor in its system to provide energy to the coolant. The negative qualities of this variety are the significant size and high cost of the unit.
To choose the right electric heating boiler, energy-saving, you must consider the following characteristics:
- estimated area of the heated room;
- allocated space for equipment installation;
- financial limit for equipment;
- estimated life of the system;
- set by the manufacturer efficiency for the device.
VIDEO: What are the sellers of electric boilers silent about?
Distinctive features of the latest equipment
Modern energy-saving electric boilers for the home can not only consume small amounts of electricity, but also provide sufficient heating of the rooms. This approach can be achieved due to the multi-stage equipment.
Before taking care of installing an economical electric boiler for heating a private house or apartment, it is necessary to provide for the installation of a new meter.
Such a meter should be multi-tariff. He will be able to reduce the cost of electricity used in the evening and at night. It will also be a useful option to turn off the post-circulation water pump when the equipment is finished.
The most popular energy-saving electric heating boilers have a built-in circulation pump in their design. Due to this solution, it is possible to increase the efficiency of the system. The use of the pump provides an increase in the rate of passage of the coolant through the system, contributing to the rapid and efficient heating premises.
Using a pipeline with a smaller diameter, it is possible to reduce the need for heating large masses of water, which also positively affects the energy-saving properties of an electric heating boiler. At the same time, the rate of heating of the coolant is also increased by lower costs of electricity.
The most economical heating boiler is equipped with well-functioning automation. Thanks to it, an important synchronization of all processes taking place inside the device is ensured. The use of automation allows in some cases to raise the level of efficiency by 25-30%, in comparison with mechanics.
Overview of the best models and prices
Choosing from budget-priced economical electric boilers for heating a private house, you should pay attention to Polish mark KOSPEL EKCO. For this equipment, the manufacturer has successfully reduced losses, bringing the efficiency to 97-98%. In three-phase models, the principle of multistage is used. Both manual and automatic modes of operation are used in the work.
Electric boilers KOSPEL EKCO
Energy-saving boilers of the KOSPEL brand are represented by 3 main models:
Wall-mounted electric heating element with a capacity of 6 kW, designed for heating an area up to 60 sq.m. They are used for sharing with a boiler, since the unit itself is single-circuit. The efficiency is 99.4%.
The heat exchanger is made of alloyed stainless steel in the form of a non-thermal insulated flask with built-in heating elements. The temperature of the heat carrier is regulated in the range of 40-85°C. The design includes an electronic programmer that allows you to adjust the temperature at any convenient time. The price of equipment is 27000-37500 rubles.
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Energy saving electric boiler KOSPEL EKCO.Lp
Is established for work in the "heat-insulated floor" system. It is configured for a lower heating temperature compared to other models, and, as a result, less thermal protection. The control is carried out using an electronic room regulator, which allows you to determine different temperatures depending on the time of day.
It can be used not only as an element of the "warm floor" system, but also as an independent source of heat. Often it is installed in working and utility rooms, where the average temperature does not exceed the threshold of 15 ° C. The equipment instantly reacts to temperature changes due to the 6-stage power control system. It is due to this "adjustment" that it turns out to save on electricity. The price of the device is 30,000-39,000 rubles.
Energy-saving electric boiler KOSPEL EKCO.LN
Modified version of KOSPEL EKCO.Lz, which now includes expansion tank. The equipment belongs to the category of energy-saving equipment due to 6 steps of power adjustment, which change in automatic mode when the room temperature changes. Power - 6 kW, efficiency - 99%, used in rooms up to 60 sq.m.
Basically, the characteristics are fully consistent with the original model, with the only exception that now there is overheating protection, that is, operation has become safer. Price 40,000 rubles.
VIDEO: Advanced settings of the boiler EKCO.L1z
Residents of many private houses and summer cottages, who do not have mains gas nearby, equip their homes with electric boilers for heating. The electric boiler works automatically and all it needs is an uninterrupted power supply. This equipment safer than solid fuel boilers or stoves as it does not emit smoke or carbon monoxide. Accordingly, such a boiler does not need to be cleaned of ash and soot. At the same time, it is quite cheap and easy to install. For him, you do not need to look for a special place where there is a hood or chimney. The electric boiler itself is easy to use and silent during operation. It can be set to the desired temperature, and it will work according to the specified parameters.
- heating elements
- electrode
- induction
The main element of the first group of electric boilers is a thermoelectric heater, abbreviated as a heating element. In addition, it has built-in power controllers and temperature sensors.
Principle of operation Such an electric boiler is quite simple: the heat exchanger of the equipment heats the water, and that, in turn, transfers heat to the room. A big disadvantage of this type of boiler is that during long-term operation scale can be deposited on its walls. This, in turn, has a negative impact on his future work.
There is also another type of boiler - electrode. As a heat exchanger, an electrode is presented in it, which transfers electricity to the coolant. Under the influence of current, water is split into ions, which pass to the electrodes of the corresponding polarity. During this process, a rapid heating of the coolant occurs.
In this boiler, the electrodes will have to be replaced periodically, as they tend to dissolve
Another modern option for electric boilers are induction boilers. They heat the room at the expense of an inductor that heats the coolant. The disadvantages of this installation are the large size of the boiler and the high price.
Electric boiler selection parameters
The manufacturing technology of the induction boiler is presented in this material:
Economic models of electric boilers with high efficiency
For home heating the majority purchase exactly heating elements boilers. With them least hassle and they are much cheaper than induction or electrode. In addition, the electrode will often have to be replaced, which is not very profitable. Among the boilers with an electric element, equipment can be distinguished " KOSPEL EKCO”, manufactured in Poland and having an efficiency of more than 99%. This boiler is used for radiator heating. It can also be used in conjunction with a water heater to provide domestic hot water.
The energy saving of the boiler is due to multi-stage apparatus. For models with power over 50 kW, three-phase installations are provided. There are 2 operating modes available - manual and automatic. The latter is good because special software sets the required temperature, which varies depending on the time of day. The only drawback inherent in all boilers of this type is the periodic appearance of scale. If it is not removed, the performance of the machine will be significantly reduced.
Electric boilers of the Galan company are also popular in Russia. Inexpensive and at the same time effective, they have 3 power levels, work from different electrical networks, both conventional and three-phase, have a small weight and volume. Users of this boiler speak of it as a relatively economical model.
Electrode boilers are less popular among the population. However, in terms of their efficiency, they show high rates. So, for example, they "eat" 2 times less kilowatts than the same heating element heater, while heating the area much more. The ability to save energy when using such boilers is achieved thanks to modern technologies. The water in the electrode boiler is heated without additional equipment(for example, a thermal element or an induction coil), so energy is consumed in smaller volumes.
The operation of the electrode boiler is accelerated due to smooth start and modern automation. Among the electrode boilers, one of the most popular is " Geyser"Galan" company with a capacity of 9 to 15 kW of domestic production, the cost of which is about 12 thousand rubles. At the same time, the price range of such equipment varies from 3.5 to 15 thousand rubles. The product line also includes boilers " hearth", less powerful than " Geyser". And the Vulkan boilers are the most productive, their power reaches 50 kW. All boilers of this manufacturer operate silently, have high performance (from 98%).
These models have all the above advantages of the electrode boiler. The main disadvantages, due to which many are afraid to purchase innovative electrode cats, is risk of electric shock. In addition, for such a unit it is impossible to use the installation emergency shutdown. If you need to replace the electrode, you will have to constantly turn to the help of professionals.
Among the induction heating boilers, one can single out the brand " SAV» domestic production scientific company INERA. THEIR products have enough high price(from 30 thousand to 160 thousand rubles). The cost depends on the power of the purchased boiler (from 2.5 to 100 kW) and the estimated heating area. But at the same time, it has a number of advantages. The efficiency of the electric boiler of this company is 99 percent. It is equipped with a starting (automatic) relay. The principle of operation is the same as for conventional induction units.
Video instruction for installation of an economical boiler Galan
The undeniable advantages of such a boiler are fast heating, high fire safety, no connectors, due to which leakage often occurs. At the same time, the boiler works even at low power, which other types of boilers cannot. Unlike conventional heating elements, scale cannot be deposited on such boilers. And what is very important, the performance of such a boiler does not decrease over time. And their service life reaches 25 years and more.
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