Heating of a domestic greenhouse. Greenhouse heating: options and features. Heating a greenhouse with wood

If you decide to build a stationary greenhouse for year-round growing vegetables, then in any case, you need to solve the issue of heating it in winter and during the transition period. There are many different ways to organize greenhouse heating, and most of them can be done by hand. In the article we will consider these methods, as well as give recommendations on calculating the power of the heating system and choosing a source of thermal energy.

Types of greenhouse heating

There are really a lot of options for heating such structures, no less than for private houses. This is easy to verify if you study the projects for heating farm greenhouses of various sizes, posted on various Internet resources.

According to the method of transferring heat into the building, the heating system is of the following types:

air;
water;
combined with direct heating of the soil.

For reference. In large farm greenhouses, infrared heating is often used with gas or electric heaters.

In the first case, one or more heat sources directly heat the air in the building, which is easier and cheaper to implement. It is more difficult to make water heating in a greenhouse with your own hands, but the effect will be greater, since it makes it possible to heat the growth zones of vegetables, and not the entire volume of the building. The optimal solution is a combined one, when the planting soil and the air in the greenhouse building are heated separately.

When choosing a heating method, the question inevitably arises, what is the best way to heat a building, what energy carrier should be used for this purpose? There are several options here:

natural or liquefied gas;
electricity;
various types of solid fuel (wood, coal).

The choice of energy carrier depends on the individual conditions in each case, so you will have to make it yourself. We will consider how it is possible to heat a winter greenhouse with one or another fuel and what system schemes are used for this. True, there are alternative sources of heat, such as solar collectors or geothermal systems. But the former are ineffective in winter, and the latter are incredibly expensive, so it makes no sense to take them into account.

Natural gas heating

This energy carrier is very convenient to use, although it will not work to conduct and connect it with your own hands, this should be done by a specialized company. If you do not take this moment into account, and even the cost of gas for the population of different CIS countries, then this is one of the best options for greenhouses. Using gas heating, you can organize an air, water and infrared method of heating a winter greenhouse.

A common practice is to install infrared gas heaters on the roof of the room. If the structure has a small width, then the units will be placed along the axis of the building in one row. It is important that all the beds fall within the coverage area of the device in width (it is indicated in the operating instructions). When this cannot be achieved, gas appliances are placed in 2 or 3 rows.

The advantage of gas infrared heating in winter is the direct heating of the soil, and only then - the air in the greenhouse. The disadvantage is the need for a ventilation device to remove combustion products.

Another option is a gas boiler plus a greenhouse water heating system. It must be understood that in greenhouse facilities the main task is to provide plants with heat, and not to warm people. To do this, wiring is carried out from smooth pipes with a diameter of not more than 40 mm over the entire area. Moreover, their laying is carried out along each bed at a height of 20-30 cm from ground level. It is allowed to use the following types of wiring:

the supply line is along one wall, the return line is near the other. They are interconnected by transverse pipes running between the beds;
supply and return are laid along one wall. Each heating pipe runs along one bed, and returns past another;
the pipe is laid with a snake over the entire area of the greenhouse, forming a single heating circuit.

Advice. Shut-off valves must be installed on each branch so that the circuit can be turned off when the plants are already harvested.

Additionally, in order to warm the air inside the building, it is recommended to place several heaters near the walls. Usually these are do-it-yourself registers made of smooth pipes. As you already understood, it will take a lot of work to install such a system, but you will only spend money on a gas boiler and its connection. You can go the other way: arrange air heating of the greenhouse by installing several gas convectors.

Electric heating

If we talk about the device of water electric heating, then it is carried out in the same way as gas. Only the source of heat we now have is different - a heating element, electrode or induction boiler. No permits are required for its installation, and therefore the work can be done independently.

It is even easier to make infrared heating with hanging appliances, they do not require ventilation for their operation. They are placed in the same way as gas ones, by fixing to the roofing part.

There is a variant of combined heating of a winter greenhouse, when an electric heating cable or a heating film is laid in the ground. At the same time, the space inside the building is heated by air heaters (fan heaters) or self-made oil radiators. Here the choice is entirely yours, as long as there is enough electrical power supplied.

It is noteworthy that the electric heating of a winter greenhouse can be economical, despite the high tariffs. After all, the coldest time is the night, when the cost of electricity is minimal, you just need to use a multi-tariff meter. In addition, such systems are easily regulated and automated.

Use of solid fuel

Heating greenhouses with wood is the most common and cheapest way, although troublesome. Most often, it is implemented using home-made stoves - brick or metal, for example, such as Buleryan.

One or more stoves are installed in the center of the structure, and its chimney is first laid horizontally and only then turns and goes outside. The goal is to extract as much heat from the flue gases as possible, so that the horizontal section can reach a length of 10 m.

Advice. A horizontal pipe should be laid with a slope towards the furnace in order to facilitate the passage of combustion products and improve natural draft.

When it is planned to install a water heating system, a solid fuel boiler is installed in the greenhouse or outside it. The first option is more preferable, since all the heat will remain inside the building, while the second one is used for the heat supply of several greenhouse structures from one solid fuel boiler. It is important to take into account 2 points: to insulate the highways passing along the street, and not to install shutoff valves on pipe sections outside the greenhouse.

How to choose a boiler for a greenhouse

Regardless of whether you decide to heat the building with wood or electricity, you must first find out the amount of heat needed for it. Here you can not do without calculation, and in order to complete it, you need to know the exact area of \u200b\u200bthe floor and the translucent part of the greenhouse. In addition, you need to find data on the lowest daily temperature for your area, as well as the average wind speed during that day. This information is specified in the standard called "Construction climatology and geophysics".

On the nomogram shown above, we find the graph corresponding to the lowest temperature. Then, from the abscissa axis (wind speed), we draw a line until we meet this graph and determine the specific heat loss along the ordinate axis in relation to the fencing coefficient. It is easier to show the calculation using an example for a greenhouse with a floor area of 700 m2, glazing - 980 m2. Then, with a wind of 4.7 m/s and a temperature of -30 °C, according to the graph, the value of Q/k is 388 W/m2.

Now we need to find the fencing coefficient k, it is equal to the ratio of the area of translucent structures to the area of the floor. In our example, k = 980/700 = 1.4, then Q = 388k = 388 x 1.4 = 543 W/m2. It remains only to find out the total heat loss by multiplying the specific (543 W / m2) by the area of the polycarbonate greenhouse (700 m2): 700 x 543 \u003d 380,000 W or 380 kW.

To select a boiler for a greenhouse, you need to multiply the heat loss value by the safety factor. Whatever heat source you take - solid fuel or gas, it cannot work at maximum all the time. For those greenhouses that are built of polycarbonate or using glass, the safety factor will be 1.3, and those covered with ordinary film - at least 1.5.

Advice. It is always better to choose a solid fuel boiler for long burning with a one and a half power reserve and large firebox sizes. This will save you from frequent loading of firewood or coal in the middle of the night.

Conclusion

The organization of heating a winter greenhouse is a simpler event than a heating device for a residential building. Here, almost all the work can be done independently, if you have the appropriate skills. The main thing is to choose a suitable heat source and energy carrier. Finally - the traditional advice on energy saving: in greenhouses it is very important to insulate the floors under the beds, which will provide significant savings. For this purpose, foam plastic with a thickness of at least 100 mm is well suited.

In central Russia, it is simply impossible to get a good harvest of heat-loving crops without greenhouses. If they are also heated, then from the beginning of March you can plant seedlings of any plants in it, as well as get early greens on the table. Moreover, the installation of most do-it-yourself greenhouse heating systems is quite simple and does not require special skills.

Which way to choose?

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It all depends on the goals, the type of greenhouse, the type of crops, as well as financial capabilities. If you plan to grow vegetables or flowers in it throughout the year, you will need a fully insulated building that can be heated using infrared ceiling electric heaters, underfloor heating systems or a water circuit. To heat the greenhouse only in spring and autumn, it is enough to install a potbelly stove, a gas gun or lay biofuel (manure or plant residues) in the ground.

When calculating the required amount of heat, it must be taken into account that its consumption depends on the degree of insulation of the room and the ratio of the wall area to the soil area.

It does not make sense to heat a room that is blown from all sides. Therefore, before proceeding with the installation of greenhouse heating in winter, it should be carefully insulated. For this you will need:

This method of heating provides uniform heating of both the soil and the air. Another advantage is the creation of an optimal microclimate in the room - the air does not dry out with such a heating system. Heating in a similar way is possible with the help of firewood, peat, gas, coal, or even the development of automotive fuel. Therefore, you can choose the best option, taking into account the cost of energy in a particular region.

How to make water heating of the greenhouse? Such a heating system consists of:

boiler or furnace
expansion tank, serving to store water
radiators
pipeline
pump: since it is rather problematic to lower the heating boiler in the greenhouse below the ground level, the circulation of water through the pipes is forced
chimney

Even with a circulation pump, the pipeline in such a system is best placed at a slight slope. In this case, even with a temporary failure of the pumping system, the heating will continue to function.

To calculate the heat output of radiators, the formula is used:

P = S * 120,

S- the area of the greenhouse (with a standard wall height of 3 m, the calculation of the volume of the room is not required).

For example, for heating a greenhouse with a size of 3x8 m, its area will be 3 * 8 = 24 square meters. m. We find the required thermal power: 24 * 120 = 2880 watts. You can specify this parameter for one section of the radiator in the data sheet.

Stove heating

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Furnace heating of the greenhouse

So that heating costs do not “eat up” the lion's share of the profit from the sale of grown products, when choosing the type of boiler or stove, one should take into account the cost of fuel in a particular region of residence. Take care also of an effective room insulation system.

Brick structures are more complex in execution. It is difficult to build them yourself without experience. Plus, for the construction of brick ovens, which have a lot of weight, you need a powerful foundation. The cost of a brick structure will be considerable. However, such furnaces are able to store heat for a long time, saving fuel. If you attach a horizontal chimney ("burs") made of metal to such a furnace, you can get an additional source of heating.

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metal oven if you have the simplest skills in working with metal, you can weld it yourself from scrap metal or even an old iron barrel. Therefore, the price of such structures is minimal.

However, if there is no radiator system in the greenhouse, the stove will warm up the air for the most part. Therefore, it is desirable to install it in the center of the room and slightly deepen into the ground. You can also raise the beds or place them on shelves where the air temperature is always higher.

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Convection and pyrolysis ovens have high efficiency. Such designs are quite complex in execution, so it is better to buy them ready-made. In convection boilers, air passes inside the casing. The principle of operation of pyrolysis structures is based on the complete combustion of gases that are formed during the combustion of fuel.

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Furnace "Buleryan", surrounded on the sides by open pipes, takes cold air from below with the help of them. The rapidly circulating air in the room warms up faster even after a single filling of fuel. If “sleeves” are put on the lower pipes, then it will be possible to distribute heat evenly throughout the greenhouse.

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A feature of the Butakov boiler is the increased heat transfer, which occurs due to the special design of convective pipes. However, it is quite difficult to clean it from combustion products. Plus, a single bookmark will not be enough to ensure a comfortable temperature. Yes, and it heats the air unevenly. The absence of a secondary afterburning chamber significantly reduces the efficiency of the design.

Underfloor heating system

An ideal option for heating the soil in a greenhouse is also a system of underfloor heating. Indeed, for the successful growth of plants, it is the roots that need to be warmed up.

Since heating a greenhouse with electric heating elements will cost a round sum, it is better to install a stove or boiler in it. The heating system can be combined by installing radiators around the perimeter.

For heating the greenhouse, it is better to use polyethylene pipes. They are buried to a depth of about 40-50 cm in the drainage - a layer of rubble and sand
It is undesirable to use metal-plastic for laying in the ground. After all, its fittings (connecting elements) require regular tightening. If you still decide to use such hard plastic, use compensation loops when laying the pipeline
The polyethylene film is laid first serving as waterproofing
Next, a layer of thermal insulation is laid foam or expanded polystyrene
It is also possible to reduce the thermal conductivity of the soil with the help of compacted sand., which is poured over the heat-insulating layer to a height of 10-15 cm
The distance between the pipelines should be 0.36 m. To ensure uniform heating, 2 collectors are placed along the edges of the greenhouse. Pipes are connected to them in alternation
To protect the pipeline from damage during digging of the soil with a shovel or fork, slate or a metal mesh is laid on top of it
Next 35-40 cm layer- fertile soil

Heating with gas

The disadvantages of such heating include the need for mandatory coordination with special services. Moreover, you will not be able to make gas heating of the greenhouse - the drafting and installation of such systems is carried out only by specialists. Due to the high risk of ignition during operation, the operation of gas boilers will need to be constantly monitored. Due to the excess of carbon monoxide formed during the combustion of fuel, in order to avoid poisoning and the threat of an explosion, it is imperative to install in a heated room ventilation.

But still, there are many more advantages to such devices. The cost of gas is not that high. You will have to spend money only on the purchase of a boiler and equipment for it. Such designs provide uniformity and fast heating rate of the greenhouse, plus they are as easy to maintain as possible. But in order for it to warm up evenly, it is better to install heaters or connect several burners at once.

We list the main types of gas equipment used to heat greenhouses:

convectors: the industry produces special devices of this type specifically for heating greenhouses; built-in heat exchanger evenly distributes heat throughout the room; ventilation in it is provided with the help of a coaxial (pipe in pipe) chimney
heater with two open burners(the second of them serves as a spare) and a vertical chimney; ventilation system installed separately
infrared burners: they are located in separate zones for local heating of certain types of crops or accelerating seed germination; equipped with a smoke exhauster that throws combustion products into the chimney; during their operation, the arrangement of forced ventilation systems is not required - natural enough

In most cases, gas heating in greenhouses is combined with water heating.. The principle of its arrangement is similar to that described above.

Thermal gas guns, used for spot heating, can be easily connected to both the gas main and the cylinder. Such structures are lightweight and mobile enough, they can be easily moved to any other place. The fuel in them burns out completely, so the risk of carbon monoxide poisoning during their operation is minimal. Modern gas-fired heat guns are equipped with a temperature and even humidity control system.

Solar batteries

Collecting and accumulating the heat given off by the sun's rays will help to get an early harvest in the spring. Heating the greenhouse with solar batteries can also be used as an additional one. For the winter period, the heat received only from them will not be enough.

To accumulate solar energy, the greenhouse must be installed in the most open place and positioned from east to west. It has been proven that polycarbonate arched structures are able to "collect" the maximum number of rays. Plus, the air in the cells of this material will serve as a natural heat insulator.

Solar batteries are divided into:

aquatic: heat storage in this case are water containers (barrels or pools); moreover, several small containers have an efficiency higher than one large one, because water always warms up better closer to the surface; they are distributed evenly throughout the room
stone: this material is able to retain heat for a long time, so it makes sense to lay out the walls of the greenhouse with stone or fill it with a sufficiently large layer around the perimeter of the structure
air: belong to the most efficient battery devices (see photo); for efficient heating, heat exchangers are placed perpendicular to the direction of sunlight; heated air through pipes enters the greenhouse; the intake of cold air is carried out through the second duct

When installing an air heating system in

Having your own land plot makes you think about its rational use not only in summer, but also in winter. The most common option is the arrangement of greenhouses and even greenhouse complexes that can provide fresh fruits, vegetables and berries all year round. If you approach the issue of building a greenhouse competently and take into account even the slightest nuances of operating such a structure, you can grow a rich harvest of not only local crops, but also tropical ones.

The most popular and suitable for such purposes are greenhouses built from polycarbonate panels. A special condition for a quality building is the presence of heating. Having studied the issue of installing a heating system, it becomes clear that all work can be easily done by hand. The main thing is that the effect of the heating system made should meet expectations, you need to think carefully in advance what type of heating should be present in the greenhouse, clarify the features of its installation, and only then start work.

Types of greenhouse heating

There are many ways to make heating in a greenhouse with your own hands, we will take a closer look at the most popular of them.

solar heating

Heat from the sun's rays is an easy way to warm a room without any material costs. Sunlight, penetrating through the transparent coating of the walls of the greenhouse, heats not only the air inside the room, but also the soil. During the summer, the hot and bright sun provides enough energy to heat the air in the greenhouse. The main thing is to make the structure in a place protected from the wind, away from the shade of trees.

The disadvantage of this method of heating is insufficient heat in winter, when daylight hours are reduced, and the sun no longer gives such luminous intensity. To provide warmth in the greenhouse of the desired level in winter, as a rule, several other heating methods are used.

air heating

This method involves the operation of heating and ventilation devices. They can be purchased both factory-assembled and do-it-yourself. To do this, a small steel pipe is installed as follows: one end is located inside the room, the second is taken out through the chimney. This method has one minor minus, in order for warm air to enter the greenhouse in winter, it is heated with fires, which is very fire hazardous.

Use of stoves

This method is the oldest for space heating. Various options for using fuel make it quite economical. The boiler is installed inside the greenhouse, and only the chimney is displayed on the outside. There is one rather significant disadvantage of using such a heating system - the risk of fire due to excessive heating of the boiler walls.

Heating with biofuels

Waste products of animals and birds (dung, bird droppings, mullein), rotting and decomposing, emit heat. This can be used to heat the room.

Important ! It should be noted that biological waste in the process of decomposition humidifies the air and creates a very favorable microclimate for the growth and development of plants.

Gas heating

The trend of constant growth in the cost of gas makes this method very expensive, and growing vegetables and fruits in such conditions is economically unprofitable. Gas can be brought to the greenhouse from a centralized system, or you can use liquefied gas in cylinders. One of the indisputable advantages of gas heating is the possibility of continuous heat supply to the greenhouse.

Use of electrical energy

A fairly easy-to-use method, today it is losing its popularity due to an increase in electricity prices. However, a variety of heating appliances operating from the network allows you to choose the best option for yourself.

One such device is a convector. It is a device equipped with a heating element in the form of a spiral. Warm air, evenly distributed throughout the greenhouse, warms up mainly the air. Unfortunately, the heat from the convector is not enough to warm the soil.

A heater is a small fan that is equipped with an air heating function. Attracts with its inexpensive price and ease of use. The heater is not only able to warm the air, but also to ensure its circulation.

Cable as a heating element. The principle of using the cable, in order to warm up the greenhouse, is as follows: it is placed around the perimeter of the greenhouse, and the location of the beds. A cable connected to the network blocks the passage of cold air through the soil, thereby keeping warm air inside the room.

Water heating. Quite difficult to install and costly method. A system of pipes is installed through which heated water circulates. Thus, not only the surface of the pipes is heated, but also the air in the room. It is also worth noting that in order for the water heating system to function efficiently, only professionals should be involved in its installation.

How to choose a heating system

To choose and make heating in the greenhouse correctly, you need to correctly approach the issue and take into account the following factors:

greenhouse dimensions;
type of heating that is used in a residential building;
the amount of money that makes up the budget for the installation of the future heating system.

If the greenhouse already has a place to be, then it is necessary to make the future heating system taking into account the already finished structure. Example: it is not rational and not practical to make an expensive heating system in a small greenhouse.

Important ! Heat consumption should be rationally calculated and distributed over the entire area of the greenhouse.

Water heating installation

In order to make heating using a water system quickly, and the result was justified by expectations, you should follow a fairly simple installation instruction:

As a heater, you can use an old fire extinguisher, which has already fulfilled its intended purpose. For further use, the top of the fire extinguisher will need to be cut off.
Heating elements are installed at the bottom of the flask, the power of which should not exceed 1 kW. For such purposes, electric heating elements taken from an old samovar are perfect.
We make a cover for the heater housing from any available improvised means.
We connect two pipes from the radiator to the base of the heater. To do this, you need to use nuts, and special rubber seals that will prevent water leakage.
In order for the assembled device to work in automatic mode, it will be convenient to make a special relay with a voltage of 220 V. This mechanism allows you to block the operation of electric heaters when the water reaches the desired temperature.

Installation of air heating

To make heating using an air system, you must use the following work algorithm:

We select a steel pipe, the length of which is about 25 meters, the diameter is 600 mm.
One end of the pipe is brought outside the greenhouse, and the other is left inside the room.
From the outside, in the area located under the pipe, a fire is lit, the burning of which must be constantly maintained. Due to the flame, the air in the pipe heats up and enters the greenhouse.

Attention ! This method is very simple to perform, the only thing that requires free time is to maintain the strength of the flame in the fire.

Installation of electric heating

This heating system can be made based on the principle of functioning of the "warm floor".

In this case, instead of the floor, the surface of the soil in the greenhouse protrudes. An electric cable or water heating pipes are located in the thickness of the soil, on a previously prepared surface. To do this, remove the top layer of soil with a depth of about 30 cm. A heat-insulating material is laid on the bottom, over which sand is poured and heating elements are laid.

Advice ! So that in the process of loosening the soil, they are not accidentally damaged, a special protective mesh must be made over the pipe or cable. At the last stage, it is necessary to backfill the soil and plant the plants.

Greenhouse heating with infrared heaters

In the greenhouse, along its length, you can place several infrared heaters that will help warm the plants. On a greenhouse 3 meters wide, 6 meters long and 2 meters high, it will be enough to mount 3 devices. Be sure to mount a temperature sensor and an electrical panel with a thermostat together with the heaters.

Heating a polycarbonate greenhouse

Due to the fact that polycarbonate retains heat better than glass or polyethylene, such structures have become widespread among gardeners and gardeners. It is also worth noting that this synthetic material is very light and affordable. Installation of a heating system in polycarbonate greenhouses is no different from any other greenhouses.

Conclusion

It is very difficult to answer the question which heating is the most economically advantageous and efficient in terms of the level of heat given off. Each of the known methods has its positive and negative sides. Therefore, only a consumer can make the right choice of heating, who, to the best of his financial capabilities, will be able to choose the ideal option for himself.

What mistakes gardeners and gardeners make when installing heating in a greenhouse, we will consider in the next video

Heating the greenhouse is the key to getting a good, timely harvest. Many gardeners use water heating of the greenhouse, due to which it is possible to create in buildings of this type the temperature regime necessary for full growth. Such systems are relatively cheap, and the operation is quite simple. And how to make water heating in a greenhouse on your own, you will learn from this publication.

System Benefits

For many years, horticultural farmers could not come to a consensus on what type of greenhouse heating is the most acceptable and profitable. Of course, the selection of a heating system for buildings of this type largely depends on the primary conditions, in particular on the possibility of connecting to a centralized gas or water main. But still, in recent years, water heating in the greenhouse has been most often used.

When choosing heating a greenhouse, it is necessary to take into account the dimensions of the structure, the heating system in a nearby residential building and the amount of financial resources that will be used to equip the shelter.

The water heating device is notable for the fact that it is powered by a boiler operating on any type of fuel:

gas;
electric;
solid fuel;
liquid fuel;
combined.

In simpler terms, to perform water heating for a greenhouse, you can use all kinds of materials, which greatly reduces costs. And in order to implement water heating of the greenhouse with your own hands, you need to draw up a work plan, where there is a scheme, development projects, based on which the construction will be erected.

The main advantage of such a system is safety (when compared with electric cable and heating devices), and the creation of a humid environment.

Since cellular polycarbonate does not accumulate condensate, the resulting moisture completely drains into the ground, additionally moistening it.

VIDEO: How water heating of a greenhouse works from a gas boiler

Pipes - what should they be

To make water heating for subsoil and overground heating, it is possible to use two types of pipes:

Metal. There are many options in this category, but corrugated stainless steel pipes are especially popular among them. They have a high heat dissipation, but at the same time you need to mount them very carefully, placing the system as far as possible from the rhizome of the grown vegetation. Thanks to this, it will be possible to avoid burns of the roots of seedlings and, accordingly, their death.
Metal-plastic and plastic. This version of the pipes is characterized by a lower heat transfer coefficient, but at the same time it does an excellent job of heating the structure even in winter.

Sometimes you can find water subsoil heating for greenhouses made of polyethylene pipes. But it should be understood that such systems are suitable only when the coolant temperature does not exceed 40 °.

Many prefer budget options in the form of greenhouse shelters of a small area, since large structures are very difficult and financially expensive to heat during the cold season.

It is a fact! If the greenhouse is an extension to a residential building, then it will take less effort and energy to warm it up.

Radiators as a source of heating in greenhouses are rarely used. Instead of such heating elements, gardeners equip their buildings with wide pipes, which are located directly under the arch of the structure.

The universal pipeline laying scheme is considered optimal - from two working circuits:

The first one lies under a layer of fertile soil and its task is to heat the root system of plants. The coolant temperature should not be higher than 30-40°C.
The second is laid along the walls of the room in order to heat the air directly. In order to control the temperature in the room, it is advisable to install an automatic thermostat that will maintain the optimum level.

Some gardeners install heating pipes under the ceiling for circulation, but this is not practical for large areas. Keeping in mind the laws of physics, warm air rises, and in this case it simply does not circulate. Near the soil, the air is quite cold, which does not have the best effect on the condition of the plants.

At what depth to lay the pipeline

Pipes, as mentioned above, in most cases are laid under the ground to a certain depth. This indicator is influenced by several points:

type of crop grown (heat-loving, cold-resistant, etc.);
preferences of the owner of the greenhouse structure.

Some gardeners lay the pipeline system to a depth of no more than 30 cm, while other owners of such buildings lay pipes 50 cm from the soil level. Both options are acceptable, it all depends on the temperature of the coolant.

It must also be remembered that if the pipeline system is laid too deep, then it will take a long time to create the optimal temperature regime in the room. Whereas in the case of a close location of the pipes to the soil surface, the greenhouse will warm up quickly, but there is a risk that the root system, having reached its largest size, will get burned when in contact with the thermal circuit. And this, in turn, hello to the withering and death of the plant.

Speaking of numbers, when laying the heating circuit to a depth of 50 cm, the warm-up time will be about two weeks. And with a contour depth of 30 cm, this figure will be reduced to 6 days. True, there is some caveat here. In the first case, to maintain the specified temperature conditions in the room, it will be necessary to turn on the system 12 hours a day, while in the second case, it is necessary to heat around the clock.

Water heating device

The furnace or heating boiler, as a rule, is located in the vestibule of the greenhouse shelter, less often in the building itself. The first option, when burning wood or coal, does not prevent moving around the greenhouse and carrying out any work on growing vegetation.

When locating the boiler in the greenhouse room, it must be taken into account that heat also comes from the heating element itself. Choose a place for the boiler with special care so that nearby plants do not suffer from excessive heating.

Algorithm for a water heating device in a greenhouse:

First of all, you need to calculate the pipeline system and decide what footage of pipes will be required to implement the task.
The next step is the construction of the foundation. If the heating of the greenhouse will be carried out at the expense of a brick oven, then a concrete foundation is needed under it. In the case of a metal heater, a steel or asbestos-cement sheet will do.
After that, you need to remove the chimney from the heater. The joints of this element with the boiler (furnace) must be sealed using, for example, clay mortar.
Next, you need to take care of ventilation, without which it will not be possible to achieve a suitable microclimate in buildings of this type.

Only metal pipes of the same diametrical size are connected to the outlet and to the inlet of the heating device. And only at a distance of 1-1.5 m from the boiler, you can switch to plastic or metal-plastic pipes.

Before laying the pipeline assembly, you need to install an expansion tank at the highest point of the room in close proximity to the heating equipment. It is recommended to install an auto-air shut-off valve and a pressure gauge upstream of the expander.
After that, you can proceed to the installation of pipes. The method of laying the heating pipeline depends on the size of the room. The only thing I would like to add is that the step of laying the contour of plastic pipes should be at least 30 cm.

In order to prevent the escape of thermal energy into the ground, the heat-insulating layer is made of a material that does not allow moisture to pass through (for example, polystyrene foam). And on top of the thermal insulation, you can perform another layer of waterproofing, for which PET film is used.

Now you know how to make water heating in your greenhouse so that the soil and plants growing indoors are always in a suitable microclimate. A thorough approach to the implementation of the task will help you get a high-quality, timely harvest!

VIDEO: Water heating with a pump

The early crop is harvested from their greenhouse primarily due to its heating - after all, solar radiation is sufficient for most plants only in the summer months. But the maintenance of a winter garden or the cultivation of fresh vegetables and exotic fruits in severe frosts is impossible without specially equipped heating in a greenhouse, because the lowest temperature that can only be in a greenhouse is + 18 ° C. And only warm impenetrable walls are indispensable here. The most budgetary option for heating a greenhouse is if a heating main passes under the summer cottage. Then it remains to find the right place, and the problem of how to make heating in the greenhouse is solved. In all other cases, heating greenhouses will be more difficult, but it is quite possible to do it yourself - the diagrams and tips in this article will be extremely useful for this.

Option #1 - solar panels

It is possible to heat the greenhouse with the help of solar heat accumulators. First, they dig a 15 cm hole in the greenhouse and cover the ground with a layer of heat insulator, possibly polystyrene. A layer of polyethylene film is placed on top for waterproofing.

Then coarse-grained wet sand is placed on top and all this is covered with dug earth. This simple device makes it possible to maintain a satisfactory temperature in the greenhouse due to the accumulated energy of the sun, even at a temperature of - 10 ° C.

Option #2 - air heating

The easiest way to heat a greenhouse or hotbed is to equip primitive air heating:

Step 1. A piece of steel pipe is taken with a diameter of 50-60 cm and a length of about 2-2.5 m.
Step 2. One end of such a pipe must be inserted into a film greenhouse or a greenhouse, under the other, a fire should be made.
Step 3. The fire now needs to be constantly maintained. The air will quickly heat up in the pipe, pass into the greenhouse and give off heat to the grown plants.

This method of building heating is really easy, but somewhat inconvenient due to the fact that the fire must be constantly maintained.

Option # 3 - heating with gas

The main advantage of gas is that it is more stable in terms of supply, but the final cost of products from the greenhouse can surprise. Therefore, if heating a greenhouse in winter with gas lasts only a few weeks, then it is not necessary to pull it from a residential building and purchase expensive pipes for this. It will be enough to take a couple of cylinders for this purpose - they will last for a long time.

It is only important to remember that an excess of carbon dioxide can adversely affect the condition of plants, and therefore such a greenhouse must be well ventilated. And to remove combustion waste, it is necessary to use an exhaust device so that a constant supply of oxygen to the greenhouse is ensured. And so that the lack of oxygen does not lead to the cessation of the combustion process and the release of gas into the air, it is advisable to use heating devices with an automatic protective device - the sensors will immediately work as soon as the gas supply to the burner stops.

Option # 4 - stove heating

Unlike electric heating, classic stove heating is not so financially burdensome. So, you can build a simple greenhouse stove with a hog or a horizontal chimney with your own hands and at no special cost. Its device principle is quite simple:

Step 1. A brick firebox is laid out in the vestibule of the greenhouse.
Step 2. A chimney is laid out along the entire length of the greenhouse, either under the beds or under the racks.
Step 3. This chimney is removed from the greenhouse on the other side so that carbon monoxide leaves, and all the heat remains inside the building. As a result, the distance between the end wall of the greenhouse and the firebox itself should be at least 25 cm, but from the garden bed or rack with plants to the top of the hog - from 15 cm.

Or in this way:

Step 1. You need to take a large barrel, with a capacity of about 3 cubes, and paint it from the inside in 2 layers so that it does not rust.
Step 2. Holes are made inside the barrel for a chimney, a stove, an expansion barrel on top and a drain valve on the bottom.
Step 3. The stove is boiled and inserted into the barrel.
Step 4. A chimney is removed from the barrel, and a pipe 5 meters high is placed on the street.
Step 5. A home-made expansion tank of 20 liters is installed on top of the barrel, which is pre-cooked from simple sheet iron.
Step 6. Heating is cooked from a profile pipe 40x20x1.5, and the pipes are laid out on the ground at a distance of 1.2 m. So they must be laid out so that the soil near the roots of the plants warms up well.
Step 7. To circulate water in such a home-made heating system, a special, but inexpensive pump is purchased.

You can heat such a stove with any wood, and the drain valve at the bottom of the barrel can be used not only to drain water, but also for drip irrigation when the water itself has cooled. To control the temperature in such a greenhouse, you can install an electronic temperature sensor inside it, and the digital display itself can be installed right in the house.

Option #5 - water heating

Water heating for a greenhouse is one of the most profitable in material terms. And you can make a water electric heater with your own hands.

Method # 1 - a thermos from an old fire extinguisher

So, you will need the body of an old, already unnecessary fire extinguisher, the top of which will be cut off. Work order:

Step 1. At the bottom of the case, you need to mount a heating element with a power of 1 kW, which can be taken from an electric samovar.
Step 2. In order to be able to pour water into the electric heater, a removable cover is made on top.
Step 3. Two water pipes must be attached to the body, which are connected to the radiator. It is necessary to fasten the pipes with rubber sealing gaskets and nuts.

In order for the heater to be automated, it is better to use such a circuit - with an AC relay, such as MKU-48 with a voltage of 220 V. As soon as the temperature sensor works, it will close contacts K1. The heater will begin to heat the water, and it will raise the temperature in the greenhouse. As soon as the water reaches the set level, the temperature sensor will immediately work and the power circuit of relay K1 will break, and the water heater itself will turn off. If the MKU-48 relay cannot be found, you can use the second circuit, where the relay has contacts that do not pass current less than 5A.

Method # 2 - heating element + old pipes

In this case, a small amount of old pipes, heating elements and an electric welding machine will be used. Everything will be made quickly and reliably.

So, in a convenient corner of the greenhouse, you need to install a boiler with a volume of about 50 liters and with an electric heater of 2 kilowatts. When heated, the water will rise into the expansion tank along the riser, and will be supplied to the heating system located around the entire perimeter. The system itself should be with a slight downward slope of the pipes.

Step 1. The boiler will need to be made from a piece of large diameter pipe, to which the bottom with a flange will be welded.

Step 2. The heating elements must be connected with a power cord to the plug and securely insulated.

Step 3. All joints between the flange and the body must be well sealed with a rubber gasket.

Step 4. An expansion tank with a volume of up to 30 liters is made from pipe scraps. Couplings are welded from below and from both ends for connection with the boiler riser and with the system.

Step 5. A lid for topping up water is cut out in the tank itself, because its level will need to be constantly monitored.

Step 6 A pipeline is made from metal pipes, at the ends of which it is necessary to make a thread in advance for a convenient connection.

Step 7. Now the boiler body must be grounded with a flexible three-core copper wire, which is rated for voltage from 500 V and without insulation. Both cores must be attached to the heating element phases, and the third core to the boiler body. By the way, for the period of cold weather it will be possible to use special screens made of foil or other heat-reflecting material.

The main thing is that during any installation of the heating system of a greenhouse or hotbed, observe all safety rules and strictly follow the instructions.

Method # 3 - installing a solid fuel boiler

The boiler itself can be located both in the greenhouse room and in a separate room. The advantage of the second option is that you can put firewood or fuel into the boiler without going into the greenhouse, and now it will not take up valuable space, like the fuel itself. And the downside is that the boiler also produces some heat energy, which would not be an extra greenhouse.

You need to put fuel into the heat generator 2 times a day - and that's it. And at the same time, such a boiler is absolutely fireproof, and therefore it can be safely left overnight without any control. In addition, fuel consumption is quite small.