Installation for hydraulic drilling of wells. Hydrodrilling wells with your own hands: how to do it right. Casing installation

Do-it-yourself well drilling is carried out on sandy, clay or loamy soils. It is useless on rocky soils.

Drilling a well is expensive and energy-intensive, especially if special equipment is involved, and after the work is completed, the site has to be put in order for a long time. The cost of work may decrease when using the hydrodrilling method.

What are the advantages of the method

There are more than ten ways for. It is possible to destroy rocks high temperature, chemicals, which include special additives or mechanical action.

When drilling a well, the energy of the fluid is used. Under a certain pressure, a working solution is fed into the hole. With its help, soil is washed out of the well, which is then brought to the surface.

Tip: You can increase the effect of the method used by adding steel shot to the liquid.

Advantages of hydrodrilling:

Short process time.
It doesn't take much effort to work.
Relatively low cost of water extraction method.
There is no need to attract specialists and pay for the work of equipment.
For effective work a small drilling rig is required.

What equipment and tools are used for hydrodrilling

The main tool for drilling a well is.

The MBU includes:

Frame - a collapsible frame structure, an engine and a winch are mounted on it. Drill pipes are also installed on the frame in a vertical position.
The engine generates torque on the boom and winch.
The swivel provides a "sliding" fastening of the working parts of the MBU.
The working elements include drill rods and a drill head.

Assistive devices and tools include:

A set of hoses that connect the swivel and pump.
A set of fittings, they provide the assembly of the pipeline that supplies the drilling fluid.
A pump with an engine that injects clay suspension into the drilling zone.
Manual tool for mounting the structure: adjustable wrench, manual clamp, transfer plug.
Electric generator, to power the winch, winch, with a lifting capacity of up to two tons.

In addition, to equip the source, it is necessary to purchase, and to build up the well, a pump.

How to install MBU

The order of work is as follows:

Main assembly in progress metal structure. In this case, the instructions must be strictly observed.
The pits are being made - technological excavations. They must be 1.5 meters away from the rig and contain drilling fluid for hydro-drilling.

Tip: When installing the MBU, it is necessary to prepare two pits: the main pit and the filter pit.

A filter pit is located near the drilling rig. Its depth, width and length are up to 0.7 meters.
The main pit is located a little further and communicates with the filter pit through a shallow trench. The length, width and depth of the device is approximately one meter.
A water pump is installed behind the main pit. The hose from the inlet of which goes to the main pit, and the supply hose is lowered from the outlet to the drilling rig.
By means of a rod, this element is connected to the swivel. Drilling fluid will flow into the well through it.
After working out from the well, drilling fluid will begin to get into the sump-filter. Here, the soil from the well will settle to the bottom, and the drilling fluid will enter the main pit and can again be used during the operation of the drilling rig.

Tip: Composition drilling fluid taken depending on the type of soil for drilling. When the type of soil changes during well construction, the drilling fluid also changes.

How to drill a well

In the process of hydraulic drilling, the soil is softened by a special washing liquid in the place where the drill is deepened. For flushing, ordinary process water is taken.

This is done to reduce the friction force of the drill on the ground, which makes it possible to obtain a high-speed and energy-efficient arrangement of the structure. It is known that liquefied soil is much easier to “drill” than a compacted, super-dense horizon.

The work process is as follows:

The drilling rig is being installed. A frame is assembled on the site, an engine, a winch and a swivel are attached to it. Then the first knee of the drill rod is assembled, at the lower end of which there is a head. With a winch, it is pulled up to the swivel and fixed in this knot.

Tip: The connection of the elements of the drill rod is made on the thread. For this, a trapezoidal or tapered thread. The tip of the drill is made in the form of a chisel or petals. With the help of MBU, you can drill a well up to 50 meters.

Not far from the drilling site, a network of pits is dug out, which are square depressions measuring one meter per meter, interconnected by trays - special trenches.
Drilling fluid is poured into the pits. This is a clay suspension, consisting mainly of industrial water. It is poorly absorbed by the soil. The suction hose coming from the motorized pump also goes down here.
A constant flow of fluid in the drilling zone is provided by the pressure hose of the pump connected to the swivel.
As a result, clay suspension grinds the walls of the shaft, it also cools the drill head, and softens the soil at the drilling site.
AT this case energy costs are minimal, and the advantages are: increased drilling speed; reduction in head wear.

MBU drilling occurs in the following order:

A gearbox, an engine and a swivel slide along the frame on the bracket, gradually deepening the drill rods into the ground.
From the remote control, the speed of rotation of the drill is regulated.
Then, after deepening to the design mark of the rod, the engine, swivel and gearbox mounted on the bracket are lifted up by the winch, and a new elbow is screwed to the end of the threaded rod. The drilling rig is shown in the photo.

This happens before the drill reaches the calculated depth.
With the help of a calibrating bracket, fixed on the frame at the lower end, the rod is centered.
The bracket has round hole, into which one end of the rod is inserted.
The second end is included in the swivel.
By adjusting the deviation of the frame from the vertical and horizontal, the drilling angle is set.

How casing pipes are installed in a well

Work order:

After reaching the aquifers, technical water is pumped into the well, which softens the soil near the mine shaft.
The winch pulls the drill rod out of the well. At the same time, everything is gradually unwinding threaded connections located at the junctions of constituent elements.
After dismantling the rod, the first casing pipe is immersed in the well. In this case, the end of the pipe is held by a winch. The walls of the first pipe are covered with perforation, and then they are wrapped with a geofabric, such as a filter membrane.

Tip: It is better to seal the joints with electrofusion couplings or a silicone sealant.

The final stage is the docking of the source with the water supply.

A little about well repair

Or why you can’t do the repair yourself, but entrust it to professionals?

So:

The main reason for a well to go out of operation is most often filter clogging, or sand compaction in the pipeline due to irregular use of water.
You can get a dirty filter yourself and clean it, but if the reason is in the pipe, then you need effective methods specialists.
They flush the well under the pressure of water. Why is water pumped into a pipe high pressure and the dirt is carried out. An uncontrolled splash of dirty liquid can occur, which does not please the people doused with it, and this is considered a disadvantage of this method.
The pipe is cleaned by air flow, with the same principle of operation, but this method may damage the filter, which is also undesirable.
remains the most acceptable safe way– pumping out with a pump for dirty liquid. The filter is not damaged, there is no dirt around.
It is possible to pour special food acids into the well, which have the ability to quickly restore the well. The process is simple, the acid is poured, the well remains with it for some time, then the dirty liquid is pumped out.
High cleaning efficiency - explosion in the wellbore. But it can happen, like the pharmacist in The Elusive Avengers, when he shifted the explosives, so here, you can damage not only the filter, but also the pipe.

How to make hydrodrilling wells is clearly visible in the video. This article invites you to familiarize yourself with general provisions about hydro drilling.

The principle of hydro-drilling of wells, the features of this process and its advantages. Scroll necessary equipment and stepwise technology work that you can do yourself.

Features of water well drilling

Compared to traditional similar technologies, hydrodrilling is a universal and most economical method. It combines two critical processes - the destruction of the rock with the help of a drill and its washing out with a working fluid under pressure.

The weight of the string, consisting of drill rods, ensures the immersion of the system into the ground, and special equipment allows pumping a flushing solution, which is a suspension of water and clay, into the resulting cavity. The drilling fluid is pumped out by a motor pump and sent to the well.

AT general scheme works washing solution performs the following functions:

Washes out small fragments of destroyed soil and brings them to the surface;
Protects the working surface of the earth drill from overheating;
Grinds the walls of the well, strengthens them, reducing the risk of collapse.

As it sinks into the soil, the drill string is extended as needed with the help of threaded connections with one and a half meter pipes with a diameter of 50-80 mm. Their number is determined by the depth of groundwater. For convenient centering of the well, a cone-shaped drill is used, and to overcome dense soils, a petal shape is used.

If the sedimentary rocks at the site consist of crushed stone or boulders, it will be necessary to refuse to drill a well, since it is impossible to lift their heavy fragments from it with water pressure.

The above method of extracting water has become popular relatively recently and therefore causes many misconceptions. For example, that hydrodrilling is suitable only for small wells. In fact, with good technical equipment in this way, they can be drilled to a depth of more than 250 m, although on average for domestic wells this value is 20-35 m.

The opinion about the high cost of hydraulic drilling is also erroneous. Due to the significant speed of work, the cash costs are not as great as it might seem at first glance.

In addition, the indisputable advantages of this method include:

The compactness of the equipment, which allows drilling in a limited small size site;
The minimum number of technical operations;
High drilling speed, allowing it to be carried out at a depth of 10 m per day;
Absolute safety for the ecological balance of the area and its landscape;
Possibility self-fulfillment works and their associated minimum cost.

The advantages of hydrodrilling become especially obvious when compared with the "dry" method, in which the constant extraction of the bailer from the barrel, its cleaning, and then loading again is a common thing. And the use of the drilling mixture in our method successfully replaces this working tool.

Selection of equipment for hydraulic drilling of a well

The optimal solution for the extraction of water at your site is the use of a small-sized drilling rig. It is a unit having a diameter of 1 m and a height of 3 m.

Its structure includes:

Metal frame;
Drilling tool;
An engine that serves to transmit force to the drill;
Winch;
Swivel for fixing parts;
Rods forming a column;
Electronic control unit;
Hoses supplying the flushing mixture from the motor pump;
Petal or cone drill.

In addition to the necessary equipment, you can purchase a current converter for a stable power supply for drilling and a tool - a plumbing key, a mechanical clamp and a transfer plug.

For fast hydraulic drilling and high-quality flushing of the well cavity, it is necessary to purchase a powerful motor pump. The performance of this unit should be from 20 m 3 / hour, provide a head of 26 m and a pressure of about 2.6 atm. When buying, you should indicate to the seller the purpose of the motor pump - pumping contaminated liquid.

Water well drilling technology

The existing technology of hydraulic drilling of water wells requires consistent compliance with all stages of work. These include preparation of equipment, casing and flushing fluid preparation. After that, you can assemble the installation and proceed directly to drilling.

Finding an aquifer

For success in the search for groundwater on the site, it is necessary to determine the depth of its soil occurrence, even if these data are approximate. They can be obtained by interviewing neighbors who have wells, or from a local drilling company that has carried out their work with them.

Most often, the upper aquifers of the soil are located at a depth of 1.5 to 6 m. Such layers are popularly referred to as "top water". Her horizon is not meant for prey drinking water, since it contains household and chemical pollution infiltrated from the soil surface.

If you need to get water with drinking properties, it can be found with a probability of 70% at a depth of 15-25 m in the presence of a waterproof layer of loam or sandy loam on top, which protects the life-giving moisture from pollution. Aquifers located from 25 m or more in depth can guarantee the extraction of the purest water by 90%.

In search of underground water, it is recommended to perform exploratory drilling using a 100 mm drill. If a positive result has been achieved at a depth of 10 m, the drill string with the first rod having holes and used as a filter is left in the hole. With a greater depth of water, the well is expanded with a drill with a diameter of 200 mm and a casing pipe with a diameter of 125 mm is inserted into the cavity, and then submersible pump.

Preparation for work

If the drilling site is properly prepared, the workflow will be spared many hitches, since they are undesirable with this method, associated with an uninterrupted supply of flushing solution.

Hydrodrilling requires a significant amount of water - about 15 m 3 . To ensure it, it is necessary to prepare containers or dig big hole, and then coat its walls with clay, which will not allow the harvested water to go into the ground.

When the containers are full, you can start assembling the MBU - drilling rig. Its installation is carried out according to the attached instructions, there are no special difficulties, and the work lasts about an hour. The main condition is the horizontal installation of the unit. Otherwise, in the event of a skew, it is unlikely that it will be possible to mount the casing pipe.

When the entire structure is assembled, one and a half or two meters from it, pits should be dug, which serve to fill them with drilling fluid. The result should be two recesses in the ground such as baths. Then they need to be connected with an overflow trench. The dimensions of each of the pits are 1x1x1 m. One of them will be designed for settling particles of polluted water flushing from the well. The water settled in it through the overflow trench will flow into another pit, and then pumped into the drilling unit using a pump.

In the process of drilling a well for water, the sump will periodically have to be cleaned of sediment, consisting of drilled soil fractions. Another pit is considered the main one. Near it, you need to install a motor pump and connect its inlet to the pit with hoses, and the outlet to the installation.

This design provides a circular circulation of water in the process, which cools the drill and increases its resource. After the installation is completed, water can be pumped into the pits.

Well Drilling Instructions

After preparing and assembling the MDR, the pit should be filled with a flushing suspension and drilling should begin.

Its scheme is quite simple:

With the help of a motor pump, the washing solution is fed through a hose to the drill string.
Using the cavity of the rods immersed in the soil, the mixture reaches the drill string and helps it in breaking the rock.
The suspension that has captured the soil is sent to the sump.
When the suspension settles, the solution flows into the adjacent pit and is again used in a circle.

After the first rod has been driven 95% of its length, it must be screwed on to the next pipe in the drill string. Drilling with a string extension should be performed before a sharp increase in the liquid level in the pit. This indicates that the drill has reached the aquifer. Depending on the type of soil at the site, the hydro-drilling procedure can last from one to seven days.

The casing string serves to prevent sand and pebbles from entering the wellbore during drilling. To prevent possible collapses, the casing pipe must be lowered almost simultaneously with the penetration of the drill string.

The material for the manufacture of casing is metal or plastic of great thickness. plastic pipes quite popular, as they are resistant to oxidation. However, during hydrodrilling, it is difficult to push them into the wellbore. Much easier with this method take advantage metal pipes with a thread that allows you to alternately screw on the links.

It is convenient to make a flushing solution for drilling in a pit, mixing clay with water there. Clay particles, which are contained in the suspension, clog the pores of the soil in the well, thereby reducing the absorption of fluid by the soil. Depending on the rocks through which the drill passes, the composition of the suspension must be adjusted. For sands, it is usually thick. Sandy loam, loam and clay soils can be developed using ordinary water, and if the rocks are dense, shot or any other abrasive is added to it.

If the drilling rig has to be stopped for the night, then the carriage with the drill must be lifted with a winch to the top of the MBU and fixed there. The next day after starting the motor pump and running it for half an hour, turn on the drive. After that, the winch needs to lower and slightly raise the string of drill rods. After waiting for the carriage to move easily, you can continue to drill the well with your own hands.

Arrangement of a well for water

Having passed the aquifer, hydro-drilling should be continued until penetration into the water-resistant layer. This point will be noticeable by a decrease in the rate of immersion of the drill. Metal rods must be removed from the well after it is flushed with water.

If a large-diameter well was drilled in order to install a submersible pump in it, then you need to worry about installing a filter. This operation is easy to perform. You will need to insert a series of pipes of smaller diameter inside the casing string and connect them. The lower tube of the inner casing must be perforated or have longitudinal slots. It will be correct if this water-filtering link is supplemented with a thin metal mesh.

After the filter element reaches the bottom of the well, the casing should be slightly pulled out of the wellbore in order to free the filter holes. The upper excess part of the pipe must be cut off and a head should be made. If there is a gap around the wellbore, the wellhead must be fixed with crushed stone and cement mortar. This will help to avoid the penetration of melt water from the outside into the aquifer of the source.

When installing the submersible pump should not come into contact with the bottom of the well - this is a prerequisite. The water level above it must be at least 3 m. After installing the pump, the well can be used.

After completion of all the above works, it is necessary to disassemble the design of the drilling rig. If the well is narrow, the drilling string will play the role of a filter casing. It is not necessary to remove it from the wellbore, since water intake will be carried out using the channels through which the drilling slurry passed.

Watch a video about hydraulic drilling of a well:

This technology of hydraulic drilling of wells is quite accessible for independent application. To reduce cash costs when drilling your well, you can not buy an MBU, but simply rent it. Subject to the sequence of stages of work and the availability quality equipment you can get an excellent result, which will allow for a long time use underground water High Quality.

An autonomous source is perhaps the most profitable option solution to the problem of water supply at home. Especially in the event that the technological process of hydraulic drilling of wells is used in the process of arrangement. After all, with the help of hydrodrilling, it is possible to equip a well not only cheaply, but also quickly.

Therefore, in this article we will consider the nuances of this technological process, having familiarized yourself with which you can literally create a well with your own hands.

The process of hydrodrilling is based on the softening of the soil at the place where the drill is buried with a special flushing liquid, which is used as ordinary process water. Such tricks are used to reduce the friction force of the soil on the drill, which, as a result, guarantees not only high-speed, but also energy-efficient well construction. After all, liquefied soil is “drilled” much easier than a compacted, superdense horizon.

Technically it looks like this:

Near the drilling site, a network of pits is dug - square recesses with dimensions of a meter per meter, which are interconnected by special trenches - trays.
Drilling fluid - a clay suspension based on technical water - is poured directly into the pits. The intake hose of the motorized pump is also lowered there.

The pressure hose of the pump is connected to a swivel, thereby ensuring a constant flow of fluid into the drilling zone.

As a result, clay suspension polishes the walls of the mine, cools the drill head and softens the soil at the drilling site.

Moreover, energy consumption in this case is minimal - the power of the motor pump cannot be compared with the characteristics of the drilling rig, and the benefits of increasing the drilling speed and reducing the degree of wear of the head are more than obvious.

Tools and equipment for hydraulic drilling

The main working tool with which the technology of interest to us is implemented is a small-sized drilling rig (MBD), which consists of the following units:

Frame - a frame structure of a collapsible type, on which the engine and winch are mounted. Moreover, the frame not only "carries" power equipment, but also "holds" drill pipes (rods) in a vertical position.
The energy part - the engine that generates torque on the rod and the winch that produces the draft force.
Swivel - a special unit with which you can provide a "sliding" fastener of the working elements of the MBU.
Working elements - drill rods and drill head (exploratory or petal type).

However, hydro-drilling small installation MBU involves the use of a number of auxiliary devices and tools, and which include:

Set of hoses connecting the swivel and the pump
A set of fittings that ensure the assembly of the pipeline through which the drilling fluid is supplied,
Motorized pump, which ensures the injection of clay suspension into the drilling zone.
Set hand tool(adjustable wrench, manual clamp, adapter fork), with which the elements of the drill rod will be mounted.
The electric generator that feeds the winch, as well as the winch itself (for 1-2 tons), if there is none in the design of the MBU.

In addition, to equip the source itself, casing pipes and a pump for pumping the well will be needed.

Do-it-yourself well drilling: an overview of the process

Taking into account technological features The drilling process can be divided into three stages:

The preparatory stage, during which a drilling site is selected and some volume is accumulated drilling fluid.
The stage of drilling a well, during which a mine is formed of a future source of water supply.
Casing frame installation stage.
The final stage, during which the final arrangement of the well takes place.

The most important step is the first step. First you must choose appropriate place, using third-party recommendations or your own observations (see the article "How to find water for a well").

After choosing a place, you need to stock up on 10-20 tons of drilling fluid, which can be drained into a pit and distributed over the pits. An alternative to a sufficiently deep pit (9 tons fits into a 2x3x1.5 meter recess) can be a container (of the same dimensions).

Well construction using drilling fluid

Well construction begins with the assembly of the drilling rig. A frame is mounted on the site, to which the engine, winch and swivel are attached. Next, you need to assemble the first knee of the drill rod with a head on the lower end, pull it up to the swivel with a winch and fix it in this knot.

The elements of the drill rod are mounted on a threaded lock (trapezoidal or conical type). The shape of the tip of the drill is a chisel or petals. The maximum drilling depth with the MBU is 50 meters.

The next step is to prepare the drilling fluid. To do this, water is drained into the pit from a pit or container into which clay is added, turning the liquid into a thick suspension that is poorly absorbed by the soil.

Upon completion of the preparatory procedures, drilling can begin. The torque from the engine is transmitted to the drill rod by a gearbox, below which the swivel is located. The drilling fluid is fed exactly to the swivel and poured into the rods.

The waste liquid enters the direct flow filter - a trench near the drilling zone, where it settles and, after that, is pumped to the nearest pit. So you can save on the amount of drilling fluid.

Well, the drilling process itself is as follows:

The motor, swivel and gearbox slide along the frame on the bracket as the drill rod goes deeper into the ground.
The speed of rotation of the drill is regulated from the remote control.
After the rod is deepened to the calculated mark, the bracket with the engine, swivel and gearbox is lifted up (by a winch), and a new elbow is screwed to the threaded end of the rod.

And so on until reaching the estimated drilling depth.

The centering of the rod is carried out using a calibrating bracket welded onto the frame at the lower end. The bracket has a round hole where one end of the rod is inserted. The second end is included in the swivel. And by adjusting the deviation of the frame from the vertical and horizontal, you can set the drilling angle.

Installation of casing pipes in a well - how is it done?

After entering the aquifers, industrial water is pumped into the well, with the help of which the soil at the shaft is softened. After softening the soil, using a winch, the drill rod is removed from the well, gradually unwinding all the threaded connections at the junction of the constituent elements.

Having completed the dismantling of the rod, the first casing pipe is immersed in the well, holding its end with a winch. Moreover, the walls of the first pipe are covered with perforations (cuts or holes) and wrapped with geofabric (similar to a filtering membrane).

The assembly of the elements of the casing frame is carried out in a socket, equipped with a thicker pipe wall. Therefore, asbestos, cast iron or polymer (the most durable option) pipes are used as casing elements, with a diameter of 125 millimeters and a wall thickness of 0.7 centimeters.

Sealing of joints is provided with the help of electrofusion couplings (which is preferable) or a silicone sealant.

Final stage

Upon completion of the assembly of the casing, they begin to build up the well (see the article "How to swing the well"). In the final, a pump and an adapter are attached to the pumped well, with which you can connect the source to the water supply.

That is, a dig is made to the casing (below the freezing level of the soil), a hole is cut out in the body of the frame. A pump is inserted into the pipe, the hose of which is connected to inside hole-mounted adapter.

Do-it-yourself hydrodrilling of wells makes it possible with minimal cost ensure clean water your suburban home.

The technique we are interested in is based on the destruction by means of a special drilling tool and a liquid of soil rocks. In this case, the load on the soil is provided by the equipment for hydraulic drilling and the weight of the rods used to perform the operation. These devices are used to pump a flushing compound (called a drilling fluid) into the well into the water. The flushing fluid consists of a suspension of ordinary water and clay.

Well drilling

Near the site where drilling activities will be carried out, they dig special pits with dimensions of about 100 by 100 cm. They are connected to each other by trays. Drilling fluid is fed into the pits. Then the hose leading from the motor pump is lowered into the pit and the unit is turned on. The motor pump takes the drilling fluid and pumps it into the well at a predetermined pressure.

As a result of this, the slag formed during drilling is washed out by the drilling composition, which simultaneously grinds the well (its surface) and cools the working tool used for the operation. When moving the drill string deep into the soil, they add to it right amount boom until the installation reaches the required depth. After that, water is used to flush the well and pumping equipment is mounted.

Uninformed people are sure that for arranging a well for suburban area hydraulic drilling requires bulky equipment and special knowledge. This is not true. The procedure is performed using MBU - special installation. Its diameter is 100 cm, and its height is approximately 300 cm. The design of the MBU includes the following working elements:

drilling tool;
a metal frame (it is collapsible, it is easy to deliver to the place of work);
control block;
a part of the working circuit called a swivel, which is needed to connect the structural elements into a single unit according to the sliding principle;
winch;
petal or exploration drill;
pump (water), necessary to create a given pressure value in the installation
engine (from it the force is supplied to the drill);
hose for supplying flushing fluid to the swivel;
drill rod string.

MBU for drilling

Since the MBU operates on electricity, you will also need to stock up on a current converter. It will provide the installation with electricity during drilling activities. In some cases, such a converter is already built into the design of the MCU. Additionally, you will need to purchase manual clamps, a transfer fork, a set of wrenches for tubular products, casing pipes and other small devices that simplify the procedure for drilling wells for water.

First, we determine the number of pipes (casing) that will be required for drilling. To do this, you need to find out at what depth (approximately) is aquifer. Contact neighbors who have already dug a water well, or get an official certificate from a local geodetic organization.

Then solve the problem with the source from where you will take water for the drilling composition. This stage should be approached responsibly. Liquids for manual drilling using MBU you will need a lot - 7-20 cubic meters(it all depends on the depth of the aquifer and the specific composition of the soil in your area).

Usually water is poured into large tanks (barrels, plastic containers), and then use it for its intended purpose. You can save on buying tanks and dig a capacious pit with your own hands. Its walls will need to be processed clay mortar (plain clay plus water) and boldly fill with liquid.

Large well water storage tanks

The next step is the assembly of a small-sized drilling unit and its installation. These works are completed in 50-60 minutes. Important point! MBU should be placed strictly horizontally. If there are at least small deviations, you will not be able to install a casing pipe product during work.

At about 120-150 cm from the MBU, you dig out the two pits that we talked about. The first should be closer to the drilling structure. It will be used as a filter device. Place the second one further and connect it with a tray (narrow trench) to the first.

Place the motor pump at the main pit. Dip a hose into it. Connect the pump to the MBU. Then connect the rod to the hose and swivel. The last element will allow you to easily fill the water well with drilling fluid.

Everything is ready to start work. Pros are advised to start them in the morning - if the aquifer lies deep, it will take a lot of time to drill.

Procedure manual hydraulic drilling simple. Its scheme is as follows:

Pour water into the pit and knead the clay in it to the consistency of kefir. The operation is performed by a mixer. Such a solution during drilling will form a kind of container with smooth walls in the well.
Start the pump. It pumps flushing fluid into the hoses, which flows to the drilling rig through the rod. Then the water goes into the first pit. In it, the liquid from the well, saturated with soil particles, is filtered out (suspensions settle to the bottom). The drilling fluid becomes clean and passes to the next sump. It can be reused for drilling.
In cases where the length of the drill string is not enough to reach the water layer, install additional rods.
Having reached the coveted aquifer, you supply a large volume of clean liquid into the well to thoroughly rinse it.
Remove rods and install pipes (casing).

Typically, tubular products with a cross section of 11.6–12.5 cm with walls having a thickness of about 6 mm are used. It is allowed to install any casing pipes - plastic, made of asbestos cement, steel.

The maximum duration of trouble-free use is guaranteed plastic products. They practically do not deform and do not rust at all.

It is desirable to provide casing pipes with filters. Then the water from the well will have more high quality. You can purchase ready-made filtering devices. But there is a more economical option - to make the simplest filters with your own hands.

Casing pipes with filters

Drill with a drill at the bottom of the casing set small holes. Wrap the product with geofabric, fixing it with suitable clamps. The filter is ready! Believe me, such a simple design will make the water from the well much cleaner.

After the casing is installed, the well is flushed again. The procedure makes it possible to wash out the aquifer, which, in the course of drilling operations, was saturated with flushing fluid. Such an operation is done as follows:

install on a tubular product;
carefully fasten the hose coming from the motor pump;
supply clean water into the well.

All work has been completed. Lower the pump into the well and enjoy clean water.