What are the criteria for choosing a water distiller? Why use a water distiller Guidelines and guidelines for calcium, magnesium and drinking water hardness

The problem with clean water today is already well known to many. For household needs, it is not difficult to collect rainwater in the country, you can take water from shallow wells - but this is not suitable for drinking. With clean drinking water, the situation is much more complicated.

Many carry bottled water to the dacha, but this is hard and completely inconvenient.

Relevant information for those who are going out of town for the summer, to the country, or somewhere on vacation - there is a solution to the problem of drinking water, and it is very simple - a compact distiller that does not require special installation, and makes the water perfectly clean!

If you have at least some water on the site, even if it is completely bad and undrinkable - then with the help of a distiller you can make excellent clean and soft drinking water from it. The water is even cleaner than reverse osmosis! And it is easy to restore the mineral composition - a bag with crystals is attached. In addition ... there are many misconceptions about distilled water - see the end of the article.

The Waterwise 4000 water distiller reliably purifies water from all pollutants. It works on the principle of the water cycle in nature: evaporation and precipitation. Pure water is soft, like rain. Appliances in the kitchen will no longer be covered with lime and your tea will be able to fully express its taste.

You can order a distiller at the home mill shop - www.mukomolka.ru/xoshop/elektropribory/wasserwelt/waterwise-4000.html.

Order from Germany, we pay according to the invoice, prices in euros, but you can also pay in rubles. The parcel arrives in the mail in 2-3 weeks. We have ordered from this store many times, we recommend!

The distiller is sold complete with a glass container for purified water and gemstones - if desired, we use them, we restore water from distilled to drinking.

This distiller is ideal for home or garden, vacation or travel. It will produce fresh distilled water no matter where you are. If you are going to a sanatorium, it is best to take a distiller with you so as not to get digestive problems from unfamiliar water of dubious quality. Especially important if you are traveling with children!

IMPORTANT that the device does not require special installation, pressurized water supply, etc. Just pour water into it, turn it on, and it cleans.

A video (available on the page where the filter is sold) will show the principle of operation of the distiller and help you better understand how to use it correctly. In fact, everything turns out to be very simple!

Clean water with a living structure is also necessary for a person, like clean, fresh air. A set of gems is supplied with the distiller. Crystals are designed to enrich purified water with essential minerals.

This distiller cleans water even better than reverse osmosis filters! See comparison table ( Waterwise 4000 - in the last column):

How to use

Fill the stainless steel tank with water, press the "Start" button, and soon you will enjoy the purest, tastiest, and most refreshing water you'll ever taste. A convenient collector bottle fits inside the case for portable transport or compact storage.

The detiller will automatically turn off when the tank runs out of water. If you want to turn it off earlier, then you need to pull the plug out of the socket.

Attention! Do not open the distiller lid immediately after the end of the cycle! Otherwise, you can be scalded with boiling water! Before opening the lid, you must wait approximately 30 minutes after the end of the water distillation cycle..

Capacity: 4 liters
Distillation: 0.8 l / hour.
Dimensions: height 38 cm, diameter 23 cm,
Weight 3.5 kg
Power: 800W 220/230V, 50Hz.
The container is made of stainless steel, the body is made of plastic.
Warranty: 24 months.

The package includes instructions in German, English and French.

Misconceptions about distilled water

Most people have a vague idea about distilled water, which gives rise to incorrect statements about its real properties and the distillation process itself.

It is said that distilled water destroys teeth. By the way, this is considered one of the mass delusions and the main arguments adopted by the manufacturers of water filters. It is argued that long-term drinking of water devoid of fluoride has a detrimental effect on the teeth, on the basis of which it is necessary to drink only ordinary water, passing it through filters. This is a rather controversial statement, since modern dentistry has not yet presented any evidence that teeth suffer from distilled water.

It is believed that during the distillation process, minerals are removed from the water. In fact, the bacteria contained in the water, suspensions and heavy metals, which pose a health hazard, are destroyed.

BUT all useful minerals a person receives not from water, but from food, since in food their number is disproportionately large.

There has been a lot of talk about water distillers lately. Not everyone knows what this device is and why distilled water is needed. Therefore, it makes sense to understand this topic in more detail.

More about water distillers

Water distillers have become widespread due to the fact that they are simple and easy to use. Distilled water itself is used in a variety of industries, so desktop models of distillers are the most common. Initially, distillers were used for the preparation of alcoholic beverages, but over time, this equipment has evolved, and the range of its capabilities has expanded significantly.

Now on sale you can find a wide variety of modifications of water distillers, which differ from each other in configuration, dimensions and volumes. Of course, the opinion that only moonshine can be obtained with the help of a distiller is absolutely erroneous. Distilled water is used for a variety of purposes.

In general, a distiller is a device that functions as follows: the apparatus distills a liquid, evaporates it, and then cools it to form a condensate. It is this condensate that is then collected back into the liquid. The result is very clean, odorless water. Just such water is often used in cooking.

Modern distillers are able to purify both cold and hot water. When choosing this equipment, one should take into account its performance, features of operation, build quality and what materials the device is made of. Of course, the cost of the product is also of great importance.

In terms of productive volumes, distillers are divided into four main types:

Household distillers, which are also called desktop distillers, have the lowest production level. With their help, water is prepared, which is then used in cooking, medicine, and so on.
Distillers with average productivity, are capable to process from 4 - 10 liters for 1 hour. Such equipment is used in laboratories, hospitals and pharmacies.
Distillers with the highest capacity are able to process more than 25 liters of water in 1 hour. Such equipment is used in the same way as models with an average level of performance.
Another type of distillers are bidistillators. With their help, you can prepare the highest quality distilled water.

Generally speaking, distillers are needed in order to maximally purify water from mineral salts.

How is distilled water used?

So, distilled water is used for a variety of purposes. It:

Car care. Distilled water is added to the battery for its correct operation. It is used to dilute antifreeze concentrates. You need distilled water for the windshield washers to work.
Distilled water for the home is used for the operation of steam equipment - irons with steam generators, steam cleaners. It is also used to humidify the air in the house. Typically, humidifiers do not require purified water. The exception is ultrasonic devices. Here you can not do without distilled water.
Distilled water is also used to care for measuring instruments. Some of them after work need to be cleaned from the remnants of the substances that were studied. Absolutely pure distilled water is best suited for these purposes.

It is necessary to know that daily consumption of distilled water can be harmful to human health, because of this, the water-salt balance is disturbed.

Top Distiller Brands

It is clear that there are many models of water distillers. Therefore, in order not to get confused in such a huge variety, you should familiarize yourself with the most popular brands of this equipment.

Distiller DURASTILL MODEL 4640 DELUXE SYSTE is able to process up to 46 liters of liquid in one day. Its float type design is reliable and automatically controlled. The water tank is made of high quality stainless steel in the same way as the heating element - heating element. The frame of the distiller, equipped with wheels, is made of the same material. The model is equipped with a system for removing volatile gases.

The BAISTRA DRINK-10 distiller is perfect for purifying ordinary tap water from harmful impurities. This model does not require any special care. Using it is extremely simple. To get water suitable for drinking, you just need to collect any water in a container for boiling and plug the device into the network. When the cleaning process is completed, the distiller will automatically turn off. These models purify water using replaceable carbon filters.

The Dream Classic DDC-01 distiller purifies water with the highest quality. The productivity of the device is 1 liter of water per hour. Using the distiller is very simple - you just need to pour water into it and plug it into the network. This model is made of stainless steel with heat-resistant plastic inserts. The design of the distiller is very ergonomic.

The ZB-2 portable distiller disinfects drinking water. With its help, minerals, microbiological contaminants are removed from the water, and the level of chemical pollution is reduced. The inner and outer parts of the model are made of high quality stainless steel. The water container can be made of durable glass or heat-resistant plastic. Also the distiller is equipped with the replaceable coal filter.

Question from Igor Ivanovich:

Hello, dear Oleg Viktorovich! I'd love to hear your opinion on this filter:

Water distiller Waterwise 4000. Complete with glass container and precious stones.

Wanted to order it (from Germany)

www.mukomolka.ru/xoshop/elektropribory/wasserwelt/waterwise-4000.html

The Waterwise 4000 water distiller reliably purifies water from all pollutants. It works on the principle of the water cycle in nature: evaporation and precipitation. Pure water is soft, like rain. Appliances in the kitchen will no longer be covered with lime and your tea will be able to fully express its taste.

I take it he evaporates the water and cleans it? The reviews are good, but I would like to clarify how effective this method of water purification is really? ..

ANSWER:

Distillation of water (distillation) is based on the difference in the composition of water and the steam formed from it. The distillation process is carried out in special distillation plants - desalination plants by partial evaporation of water and subsequent condensation of steam. During the distillation process, the more volatile component (low-boiling) goes into the vapor phase in a larger amount than the less volatile (high-boiling). Therefore, during the condensation of the resulting vapors, low-boiling components pass into the distillate, and high-boiling components into the distillation residue. If more than one fraction is distilled from the initial mixture, but several, distillation is called fractional (fractional).

Depending on the process conditions, a distinction is made between simple and molecular distillation.

The distillation desalination plant (industrial version) consists of an evaporator 1, equipped with a heat exchange device for supplying the required amount of heat to the water; heating element 2 for partial condensation of steam leaving the evaporator (during fractional distillation); condenser 3 for condensing the extracted steam; pump 4; collectors of distillate 5 and VAT residue 6 (Fig. 1).

Rice. 1. Scheme of a single-stage distiller: 1 - body of the evaporation chamber; 2 - heating element; 3 - capacitor; 4 - pump; 5 - distillate collection ().

The distiller is a mandatory equipment for equipping medical institutions, which is due to special standards for the use of water and its quality. The water distiller allows you to get water that fully meets the standards indicated in the regulatory medical documents.

A household distiller can produce 4-5 liters of distilled water per hour.

A modern distiller may differ in the presence of additional functions and capabilities. In addition, the distiller can be used to purify both cold and hot water.

When choosing a distiller, you should focus not only on its performance, but also on such characteristics as features of operation, workmanship, materials used and other characteristics. Last but not least, the cost is also important, so if you are interested in an affordable and inexpensive and at the same time high-quality water distiller, in our catalog you will find a large assortment of such models.

Depending on the performance, there are several types of distillers:

1. Household (desktop) distillers - with a small capacity. The water obtained from these distillers is used for food, for diluting medicines at home, topping up the battery, and so on.

2. Distillers with low productivity of 4-10 liters per hour. Used in small laboratories, hospital departments, pharmacies.

3. Distillers with large capacity - 25 l/h and above - for large laboratories, hospitals, enterprises.

4. Bi-distillers - for the preparation of distilled water of the highest quality (especially pure).

Thus, distillation is used in medicine, in industry in some industries, i.e. where high degrees of water purification from mineral salts are required. Consuming distilled water as drinking water is not recommended, since distilled water is devoid of essential mineral salts - K+, Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+.

In distilled water, unlike ordinary water, trace elements and mineral salts are completely absent. Due to this, it perfectly dissolves drugs, but becomes completely unsuitable for internal use. It is the mineral salts and trace elements that enter the human body with water that are necessary for its functioning and provide useful substances. In areas where the water is soft, i.e. low content of mineral impurities, scientists note an increase in the number of cardiovascular diseases. Where the water is harder, the situation with heart disease is much better - such cases are recorded infrequently. In addition, water hardness also affects the level of caries - the more minerals, the less frequent visits to dentists. Therefore, you should avoid the constant use of distilled water, so as not to harm your body and not provoke the development of serious diseases.

The use of drinking water with low mineralization contributes to the leaching of salts from the body. Changes in the water-salt balance in the body were noted not only with the use of demineralized water, but also with water with a mineralization of 50 to 75 mg/l. Therefore, a group of WHO researchers that prepared a report for 1980 recommends drinking water with a mineralization of at least 100 mg / l. The scientists also concluded that the optimal mineralization is 200-400 mg/l for chloride-sulfate waters and 250-500 mg/l for hydrocarbonate waters (1980, WHO). The recommendations are based on experimental data in rats, dogs and human volunteers. Samples were taken: from the water supply network of Moscow, demineralized water with a mineralization of about 10 mg/l and samples prepared in the laboratory (mineralization 50, 100, 250, 300, 500, 750, 1000 and 1500 mg/l) using the following ions: Cl(40%), HCO3(32%), SO42(28%), Na+ (50%), Ca2+ (38%), Mg2+ (12%).

Many indicators were studied: body weight dynamics, basal metabolism and nitrogen metabolism, enzyme activity, water-salt metabolism and its regulatory function, the content of minerals in tissues and body fluids, hematocrit and antidiuretic hormone activity. With the optimal content of mineral salts, negative changes were not noted either in rats, or in dogs, or in humans, such water has high organoleptic characteristics, removes thirst well, and its corrosive activity is low.

In addition to the conclusions about the optimal mineralization of water, the report is supplemented with recommendations on the content of calcium (not less than 30 mg/l). There is an explanation for this: at lower concentrations of calcium, the exchange of calcium and phosphorus in the body changes and a reduced content of minerals in bone tissue is observed. Also, when the concentration of calcium in water reaches 30 mg/l, its corrosiveness decreases and the water becomes more stable. The report also provides guidance on a concentration of 30 mg/L of bicarbonate ion to achieve acceptable organoleptic characteristics, reduce corrosiveness, and achieve equilibrium with calcium ion.

Modern research has provided additional information on the minimum and optimum levels of minerals that must be present in demineralized water. For example, the effect of water with different hardness on the health status of women aged 20 to 49 years was the subject of 2 series of epidemiological studies (460 and 511 women) in 4 cities of South Siberia (55,56). The water in city A contains the least amount of calcium and magnesium (3.0 mg/l calcium and 2.4 mg/l magnesium). The water in city B is slightly more saturated with salts (18.0 mg/l calcium and 5.0 mg/l magnesium). The highest saturation of water with salts was observed in cities C (22.0 mg/l calcium and 11.3 mg/l magnesium) and D (45.0 mg/l calcium and 26.2 mg/l magnesium). In comparison with women from C and D, residents of cities A and B more often had changes in the cardiovascular system (according to ECG results), high blood pressure, somatic dysfunctions, headache and dizziness, osteoporosis (X-ray absorptiometry).

These results support the assumption that magnesium in drinking water should be at least 10 mg/l, calcium 20 mg/l, and not 30 mg/l, as indicated in a 1980 WHO report.

Based on available data, the researchers recommended the following concentrations of calcium, magnesium, and drinking water hardness:

for magnesium: minimum 10 mg/l (33.56), optimal content 20-30 mg/l (49, 57);
for calcium: minimum 20 mg/l, optimal content about 50 (40-80) mg/l (57, 58);
total water hardness, total content of calcium and magnesium salts 2-4 mmol/l (37, 50, 59, 60).

When the composition of drinking water complied with these recommendations, there were no or almost no negative changes in the state of health. The maximum protective effect or positive effect was observed in drinking water with supposedly optimal concentrations of mineral substances. Observations of the state of the cardiovascular system made it possible to determine the optimal levels of magnesium in drinking water, changes in calcium metabolism and ossification processes became the basis for calcium recommendations.

The upper limit of the optimal hardness interval was determined based on the fact that when drinking water with a hardness of more than 5 mmol / l, there is a risk of formation of stones in the gallbladder, kidneys, bladder, as well as arthrosis and arthropathy in the population.

In the work on determining the optimal concentrations, forecasts were based on long-term water consumption. For short-term water use, higher concentrations should be considered to develop therapeutic recommendations.

Guidelines and directives for calcium, magnesium and drinking water hardness

In the second edition of the Guidelines for the Quality of Drinking Water, WHO rates calcium and magnesium in terms of water hardness, but does not provide separate recommendations on the minimum or maximum content of calcium, magnesium, hardness value. The first European Directive established minimum hardness requirements for softened and demineralized water (not less than 60 mg/l calcium or equivalent cation). This requirement has become mandatory under the national legislation of all EU member states, but in December 2003 this directive expired and was replaced by a new one. The new Directive does not include requirements for calcium, magnesium and hardness values.

On the other hand, nothing prevents the introduction of such requirements into the national legislation of the Member States. Only a few countries that have joined the EU (for example, the Netherlands) have set the requirements for the content of calcium, magnesium and water hardness at the level of mandatory national standards.

Some EU members (Austria, Germany) have included these indicators in the technical documentation as optional standards (methods for reducing the corrosivity of water). All four European countries that joined the EU in May 2004 have included these requirements in their respective regulations, but the severity of these requirements varies:

· Czech Republic (2004): for softened water: not less than 30 mg/l of calcium and not less than 1 mg/l of magnesium; Guideline requirements: 40-80 mg/l calcium and 20-30 mg/l magnesium (hardness as

Σ Ca + Mg = 2.0-3.5 mmol/l);

· Hungary (2001): hardness 50-350 mg/l (CaO); minimum required concentration for bottled water, new water sources, softened and demineralized water 50 mg/l;

· Poland (2000): hardness 60-500 (CaCO3);

· Slovakia (2002): Calcium requirements are the same as those in the Guidelines

Ø 30 mg/l, magnesium 10-30 mg/l.

The Russian Standard for Habitat in Manned Spacecraft - General Medical and Technical Requirements - defines the requirements for the ratio of minerals in recycled drinking water. Among other requirements, mineralization is indicated in the range from 100 to 1000 mg / l; the minimum levels of fluorine, calcium and magnesium are set by a special commission of each space fleet separately. Emphasis is placed on the problem of enriching reused water with a concentrate of mineral substances to give it a physiological value.

conclusions

Drinking water should contain at least minimal amounts of essential minerals (and some other constituents such as carbonates). Unfortunately, in the past two decades, researchers have paid little attention to the beneficial effects of water and its protective properties, as they have been absorbed in the problem of toxic pollutants. However, attempts have been made to define minimum levels of essential minerals or salinity in drinking water, and some countries have incorporated the requirements of the Guidelines for individual components into their legislation.

This issue is relevant not only for demineralized drinking water that has not been enriched with a complex of minerals, but also for water in which the mineral content is reduced due to home or centralized treatment, as well as for low-mineralized bottled water.

Drinking water obtained through demineralization is enriched with minerals, but this does not apply to home-treated water. Even after stabilization of the mineral composition, water may not have a beneficial effect on health. Usually, water is enriched with minerals by passing through limestone or other carbonate-containing minerals. At the same time, the water is saturated mainly with calcium, and the deficiency of magnesium and other trace elements, for example, fluorine and potassium, is not replenished by anything. In addition, the amount of calcium introduced is regulated more by technical (reduction of water aggressiveness) than by hygienic considerations. Perhaps none of the methods of artificial enrichment of water with minerals is optimal, since saturation with all important minerals does not occur. As a rule, methods for stabilizing the mineral composition of water are developed in order to reduce the corrosivity of demineralized water.

Unenriched demineralized water or water with a low mineral content - in light of the lack or absence of important minerals - is far from being an ideal product, therefore, its regular consumption does not adequately contribute to the total intake of some important nutrients. This chapter substantiates this assertion. Confirmation of experimental data and discoveries obtained on human volunteers in the study of highly demineralized water can be found in earlier documents that do not always meet modern methodological requirements. However, the data of these studies should not be neglected: some of them are unique. Early studies, both animal studies and clinical observations of the health effects of demineralized water, have shown comparable results. This is confirmed by modern research.

Enough data has been collected to confirm that calcium and magnesium deficiency in water does not go away without consequences. There is evidence that it leads to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and sudden death. This connection has been described in many papers independently of each other. At the same time, the studies were constructed in different ways and concerned different regions, populations and time periods. Consistent results have been obtained from autopsy, clinical observations, and animal experiments.

The biological plausibility of a protective effect of magnesium is not in doubt, but the specificity is less clear due to the diverse etiologies of cardiovascular disease. In addition to an increased risk of death from cardiovascular disease, low magnesium levels in water have been associated with possible motor nerve disease, pregnancy complications (called pre-eclampsia), sudden death in young children, and certain types of cancer. Modern researchers suggest that drinking soft water with a low calcium content can lead to fractures in children, neurodegenerative changes, premature birth, low birth weight and some types of cancer. The role of aqueous calcium in the development of cardiovascular diseases cannot be ruled out.

International and national organizations responsible for the quality of drinking water should review the guidelines for the treatment of demineralized water, making sure to define minimum values for important indicators, including calcium, magnesium and mineralization. Where necessary, competent organizations are required to support and promote targeted research in this area to improve the health status of the population. If a quality manual is being developed for specific substances required in demineralized water, the competent authority must ensure that the document is applicable to consumers of home water treatment systems and bottled water.

How to work with a distiller:

Disconnect the connecting cable on the outer surface of the distiller (connects the lower part of the apparatus - the “reservoir” and the upper part of the apparatus - the “lid” with the fan, filters and spout) from the reservoir and remove the distiller cover.
Fill the tank with water up to the upper mark "Full" - approximately 4 liters. When using hot water, the cycle time is reduced (due to the reduction of the water heating time).
Close the tank with a lid and reconnect the connecting cable. Connect the power cord of the device to a ~220V socket. Press the "START/RESET" button. At the same time, the fan located in the lid starts to work, cooling the distiller coil.
Water, heated in the tank, evaporates, passes through the cooling coil and flows out of the spout of the lid into a plastic canister (supplied with the distiller)
When all the water has evaporated, the Meladest 65 distiller will automatically turn off. Distilled water in a plastic canister is ready to use. You can unplug the machine's power cord from the wall outlet.

Technical details:

Power consumption: 520 Wt/220 V/50 Hz
External dimensions: diameter -23 cm, height -38 cm
Distiller tank volume: 4 liters
Capacity 0.7 liters of distilled water per hour
Weight, net 3 kg

The distiller is ideally suited for the house or dacha, for vacation or travel. It will produce fresh distilled water no matter where you are.

A modern solution to drinking water problems
Reliable protection against the presence of chemical impurities, pesticides, nitrates or drugs in the water
Does not require installation

In groundwater, pesticides and residues of fertilizers used in agriculture are found in huge quantities. In addition, there are often traces of waste medical products, such as hormonal pills.

You will save on expensive purchases of water, and there is also no need to carry bottles. As a rule, the Waterwise 4000 water distiller pays for itself in the first year. At the same time, you start drinking clean water from the very beginning.

Nothing beats the purity of water from Waterwise 4000

Using the Waterwise 4000 is very simple. Fill the stainless steel tank with tap water, press the start button and soon you will be enjoying the purest, tastiest and most refreshing water you have ever tasted. A convenient collector bottle fits inside the case for portable transport or compact storage. The detiller will automatically turn off when the tank runs out of water. If you want to turn it off earlier, then you need to pull the plug out of the socket.

Attention! Do not open the distiller lid immediately after the end of the cycle! Otherwise, you can be scalded with boiling water! Wait approximately 30 minutes after the end of the water distillation cycle before opening the lid.

Water enrichment

Clean water with a living structure is as essential as clean, fresh air. A set of gems is supplied with the distiller. Crystals are designed to enrich purified water with essential minerals.

The linen pouch contains rock crystal, carnelian, amethyst, jasper, rose quartz and sodalite.

Common misconceptions about distilled water

Distilled water is called water, purified from impurities by distillation in distillers. Most people have a very vague idea about distilled water, which gives rise to incorrect statements about its real properties and the distillation process itself.

It has been argued that distilled water destroys teeth. By the way, this is considered one of the mass delusions and the main arguments adopted by the manufacturers of water filters. It is argued that long-term drinking of water devoid of fluoride has a detrimental effect on the teeth, on the basis of which it is necessary to drink only ordinary water, passing it through filters. This is a rather controversial statement, since modern dentistry has not yet presented any evidence that teeth suffer from distilled water.

Basically, all useful minerals a person receives not from water, but from food, since in food their number is disproportionately large. Accordingly, to make up for the lack of minerals, drinking water is absolutely irrational, since you will have to drink more than a thousand glasses of water a day in order to receive the daily norm of these substances. It turns out that the content of minerals in distilled water is not so important.

There is an opinion that distilled water is able to flush out beneficial substances from the body. However, this water, on the contrary, attracts minerals that are already unusable and excreted by cells, after which it removes them from the body. One of the most common claims about distilled water is that it is tasteless. It is possible that after chlorinated water or water containing iron, when drinking distilled water, there is a lack of the usual taste, but whether this should be considered its disadvantage is a moot point. It is best, of course, to drink distilled water from glass bottles, since water from plastic bottles can absorb the specific taste of plastic containers.

The article uses information from the site www.mukomolka.ru/xoshop/elektropribory/wasserwelt/waterwise-4000.html

Distilled water is water that has been purified from organic and inorganic impurities. The first of these include all kinds of viruses, bacteria, waste products of plants and animals. As for the second, these are mineral additives, salts and other substances. It should be understood that it would be wrong to call a distilled liquid, which first evaporated and then was collected in the form of condensate, since there is a certain technological process associated with its production.

Scope of application

There are a lot of industries in which such water can be used, especially in science and technology. Most often, it is found in car batteries, windshield wipers, as well as heating and cooling systems in private homes. As for everyday life, sometimes this liquid is used for aquariums, watering plants, and also poured into irons, since the substance does not leave scale. In addition, it is common in medicine, where it is used for diluting solutions and for injections.

Characteristics

Due to the fact that distilled water is widely used in medicine, its physical and chemical characteristics in our country are regulated by the relevant document - the state standard (GOST 6709-72). Regardless of the further purpose and method of production, all such products must comply with it. The main indicator of the quality of this product is the presence of residual impurities. This, in turn, depends on the storage conditions of the liquid, as well as on the state of the process equipment on which it is produced. Such water can have various degrees of purification. For example, in the medicine mentioned above, the use of exclusively pyrogen-free distilled water is allowed. Its peculiarity lies in the fact that it is devoid of pyrogenic additives - substances of animal or bacterial origin. The fact is that they can cause a negative reaction in a person, up to a change in the composition of the blood.

Negative impact on people

Due to the absence of various mineral impurities in the composition of distilled water, one may get the impression that its ingestion helps to remove excess salts from the human body and has a positive effect on it. However, this is an erroneous opinion. For which there are a number of reasons. Firstly, the regular use of such water leads to a violation of the ratio of fluids in the body, both in composition and in volume. Secondly, it cannot properly quench thirst. Thirdly, the concentration of hormones that are responsible for water-salt metabolism changes in human blood. Fourth, there is an abnormal release of chlorides from human organs, resulting in a deficiency of these substances.

Categories of consumers

Consumers of products such as distilled water can be divided into four main categories. The first and most numerous of them are car owners. It can be poured into glass cleaning tanks, and is also used as battery electrolyte. The second category is the owners of private houses, whose heating systems will not be able to function properly without this fluid. The third group is the owners of photo centers. The fact is that distilled water is used here as a diluent for chemical reagents, which are required for high-quality color printing. All other consumers, including private ones, belong to the fourth group.

Main stages of production

There are three main steps involved in making distilled water. At the first stage, ordinary water is prepared. It should be noted that this stage is considered a key one, since the final quality directly depends on the condition of the water supply system and the place where the raw materials are extracted from. The next step is the production process itself. After that, it remains only to ensure the proper storage of finished products with the preservation of all acquired physical and chemical properties.

Production methods

Speaking about what distilled water is, it should be noted that it can be obtained by two methods. The first of these is reverse osmosis. The essence of this method is that the raw material is passed through a series of special filters. It has a significant advantage - a fairly low energy requirement. On the other hand, the equipment required for this is very expensive. In addition, the production process itself is not very fast. The second method is more common and is repeated boiling. The entire technological system in this case consists of a number of containers. Initially collected in the first of them, pure water is heated to a gas-like state, after which the steam moves to the next vessel. All impurities remain. As soon as condensation occurs in the second container, and the steam turns into water, the procedure is repeated a second time. Up to six containers can be used in such a system. The more - the better, because the purity and quality of the finished product in this case depends on how many times the water has been processed.

Self-manufacturing

Distilled water at home is not so difficult. In this case, you will need a unit such as a distiller. In addition to it, containers are needed for storing finished products, an installation for draining them, running water and a room. As for the latter, a small factory workshop, garage or barn can be used in its role. The main requirement for it is fire safety. As practice shows, the independent production of distilled water can turn into a fairly profitable type of business activity. Be that as it may, the most elementary device for its production can be made even with your own hands. The principle of its operation is similar to the well-known installation in our country - a moonshine still. The fundamental difference in this case is that instead of mash, ordinary water should be poured inside. It can be heated by using an ordinary gas stove. As practice shows, the average productivity of such a unit can reach 150 liters of finished liquid per day.

distilled water business

As noted above, distilled water can bring considerable profit, subject to the competent organization of production and the well-established marketing of finished products. To prove this, you can do a little calculation. If we analyze the market for these products, we can see that the cost of a liter bottle of this water is on average 20-25 rubles. As for the necessary investments (including the cost of equipment, paperwork for business activities, utility bills, and so on), they will not exceed 1 million rubles. It should also take into account the simple manufacturing process and the very low cost of raw materials. All this allows us to boldly talk about the prospects for the manufacture of distilled water as a separate

People have been making moonshine for more than one century. There are various devices for obtaining solutions of ethyl alcohol of solid strength, but the principle is the same - evaporation of the liquid followed by condensation, namely, distillation. Craftsmen manage to get moonshine with a couple of pots and even ordinary iron scrap. But for the production of decent strong drinks at home, it is still desirable to have a distiller. It is known that the quality of the product obtained on it largely depends on the quality of the equipment. How to choose the right distiller to meet all your needs? First you need to decide on these very requests.

Frequency of use. Distillers with increased structural strength and steel thickness from 2 mm are suitable for permanent use. It is best that the design is as collapsible as possible: this will simplify maintenance. The presence of a pressure relief valve will be a plus.
Estimated home production. If there are a lot of raw materials and significant volumes are expected, choose a large volume distillation cube. The distillation technology implies filling the distillation cube by a maximum of ¾ of the volume (optimally - ⅔), therefore, with large volumes of mash and a small cube, the distillation process will have to be carried out in several passes.
. There may be several design options. The most primitive consists of a distillation cube and a refrigerator. But such models are almost a thing of the past, because they are not able to provide a decent quality of the resulting product. The classic distiller implies the presence of at least one dry steamer, which performs additional purification of alcohol vapors from “fusel oils”. A more advanced option is a column-type apparatus with a reflux condenser, which is able to provide maximum purity of the drink with a strength of up to 96 degrees. There is another specific category - alambic. It is made of pure copper and is intended for the distillation of wines.
Availability of additional necessary accessories(tank for mash, thermometers, alcoholometer, hydrometer, etc.). Some manufacturers include all the necessary additional equipment with the distiller. However, for some models, even a thermometer must be purchased separately. In any case, the minimum set of a moonshiner consists of a thermometer on a distillation cube, a thermometer on a column (if the apparatus is of a column type), and a household alcohol meter. Often the size and design of the distillation cube allows you to put the mash right in it, and if there is no special water seal, then you can use a rubber glove in the old fashioned way. However, consider these points when choosing a model and equipment. How to choose a distiller that will be immediately ready for use? Read the package carefully before buying.
Location of device use. The presence / absence of running water in the room plays a role. Determine whether you are planning home or country use. Is it convenient to supply running water or will independent cooling be required (the presence of a non-flowing container with cold water or ice)? Some models of devices are designed in such a way that they can provide only autonomous or both types of cooling.
Type of heating surface(gas, electric or induction stove). Recently, manufacturers have been looking to make stills with ferromagnetic inserts so that they can be used on induction cookers. Some models have built-in heating elements, but this often complicates the maintenance of the device and requires repair in case the heating element burns out. Soot quickly sticks to the heaters, and their presence implies additional welds on the distillation cube.
Price category. Prices for distillers of various models have a fairly wide range. Find a comfortable price range for yourself. Just remember that you should not save on the quality of steel and the processing of welds. In order not to throw money away, we recommend that you first familiarize yourself with.
Common to all. Most models of distillers are made of safe food grade stainless steel, but there may also be options here. Stills may or may not have a non-stick coating, which is important when distilling thick mash. Also in its composition, steel may contain alloying components (for example, titanium, chromium, etc.), which increase its corrosion resistance and strength, increasing the service life of the distiller. Of no small importance is the thickness of the steel from which the apparatus is made, especially for the bottom of the cube. The thicker the bottom, the less the likelihood of deformation, the heating is more uniform - the likelihood of soot formation decreases.

The final choice will depend on these parameters. As a result, it turns out that choosing a distiller for moonshine is like choosing a car: first you need to study the topic and determine the requirements, and only then proceed with the selection and purchase. And if you have already determined, then, as in the case of a car, do not rush to give money to the seller. It is important not only which model to take, but also. There are official sellers, and there are private individuals. The Alcoprof portal recommends ordering a distiller only on the official website of the manufacturer. This will protect you from fakes.