Installing a pump in a well is the first step towards arranging an autonomous water supply system. After all, it is the pump that pumps water from the well. And the performance of an autonomous system depends not only on the characteristics of the unit itself, but also on the method of installing the pump in the well.

Therefore, in this article we will consider the installation process of several types of pumps at once.

Pumps for wells are divided into surface and submersible options. The first are located above the water, and the second - in the water. Moreover, two hoses depart from the surface units: suction (it is immersed in water) and pressure (it is connected to the water supply).

From the submersible unit, in turn, only one hose leaves - pressure. Since the place of the suction hose in the design of the submersible pump is occupied by a special pipe located in the upper or lower part of the housing.

In addition to the installation method, well pumps can also be classified according to the type of design of the working chamber. And according to this feature, pumps are centrifugal and vibration.

The working chamber of the vibration pump is separated from the engine compartment by an elastic membrane that vibrates, creating alternating cycles of depression and compression. Therefore, the vibration pump is not afraid of either heavily polluted water or dirt.

The working chamber of the centrifugal pump is equipped with a special unit - the impeller, which is rotated by the motor shaft. As a result, water moves through the pipes under the action of centrifugal force generated by the impeller. Well, the pump itself needs both pre-filling the working chamber with water and cleaning the transported stream. Otherwise, the impeller will become clogged with silt and sand, or simply burn out from friction against the walls of the air chamber.

How to install a pump in a well?

The structural differences described above affect both the performance of the units and the methods of installing pumps in wells. That is, a submersible pump is mounted completely differently than a surface pump. Therefore, below in the text we will consider both technologies separately.

Installation of a surface pump in a well

Surface pumps are mounted either indoors or at the head of the well (in a caisson).

Thus, the installation of a surface pump in a well is implemented as follows:

• Attach a hose of the required length to the suction pipe of the pump.
• At the end of the hose, a check valve is mounted - a special fitting that prevents water from draining into the well after the pump is turned off.
• A strainer is attached to the check valve, which protects the pump and valve from possible penetration of sludge particles.
• The hose, supplemented by a filter and a valve, is immersed in the well to the desired depth.

However, the connection of the pump to the well can be equipped with an adapter. And in this case, the hose will not be connected to the suction pipe of the pump, but to the adapter fitting.

If the surface pump is equipped with an external ejector, then a more complex system is introduced into the well, consisting of two hoses - pressure and suction. Moreover, a check valve, an ejector and a filter are mounted at the end of the suction hose. And the pressure hose is connected to the side fitting of the ejector (using a branch).

Installation of a submersible pump in a well

Submersible pumps are mounted directly in the well shaft. Therefore, the diameter of such a unit must correspond to the dimensions of the casing pipe. Moreover, the pump should not enter the pipe "close" - in this case, it will simply "burn out" due to problems with cooling the engine compartment. However, the minimum possible diameter of the well casing pipes is always indicated in the device passport, which guarantees that there are no problems with pump cooling.

Well, the installation of a deep well pump in a well is as follows:

• A check valve is attached to the pump nozzle - it will relieve the owner of the well from the need to control the filling of the working chamber of the unit, preventing the water from draining after the pump is turned off.
• An additional bowl-shaped filter is attached to the suction pipe - it eliminates the threat of silting of the working chamber.
• A discharge hose is attached to the check valve, through which water will go up (from the well). There is no suction piping for this pump model. The second end of the hose is attached either to the accumulator or to the inside of the adapter, with which the "exit" from the well is equipped.
• The power cord (electric cable) is connected to the injection hose using special clips or polymer ties. The wire, in this case, is categorically not recommended - it can “pinch” the cable or hose.
• A polymer rope (twine) is passed into the lugs (brackets) in the upper part of the pump housing. The unit will hang in the well on this rope.
• The resulting structure should be lowered into the well. Moreover, the pump should support only the rope. It is strictly forbidden to operate with a “cable + hose” bundle. However, before lowering the pump into the well, the rope can be connected to the bundle with the same ties. Otherwise, you will have to stop the possible "overlap" of the rope and the pressure hose.

After the unit plunges into the well to the desired depth, the rope is fixed on a special bracket placed on the outside of the casing head.

How deep should the pump be lowered? The answer to this question depends on the depth of the well itself, the reliability of the filter elements and the quality of the aquifer. Usually, the pump is "suspended" a meter from the bottom of the well. However, it is also possible to deepen the pump to the upper boundary of the casing filter element.

However, in any case, it is necessary to measure the immersion depth of the pump with its power and pressure. Therefore, conventional pumps are submerged to the mark of 7-10 meters, units with an ejector - to the mark of 15-20 meters, and deep equipment - to the mark of 25-40 meters.

How to replace a pump in a well?

Unfortunately, the pump can break down like any other mechanical device. And after a breakdown, the pump will have to be removed from the well for repair. Well, in the most difficult cases, a complete replacement of the pump in the well is carried out, along with all filters and safety elements.

And the procedure looks like this:

• The system is disconnected from the power supply and disconnected from the water supply.
• The pump is pulled out of the well by winding the extractable pressure hose and electric cable into a coil. Moreover, the very procedure of "lifting" the pump involves significant physical exertion. Therefore, in this case, at least three or four people will have to be involved: two or three pull, and one cuts the ties and reels the hose and cable.
• After removing the pump, it is disconnected from the check valve, disposed of the filter element and repaired (on site or in the service).
• During the repair of the unit, free partners can inspect the hose and cable for integrity defects.

After cleaning and repair, the entire system is assembled, fixed with polymer ties and immersed in the old place.

In order to provide a country house or cottage with the required amount of water used for domestic needs and for irrigating green spaces in a personal plot, a source of water supply is needed, which can be a well or well. If it is best to entrust the solution of issues with the arrangement of such a source to qualified and experienced specialists, then installing a pump in a well that will pump water out of it can well be done independently.

How to install the pump in an already prepared well? First of all, you need to purchase a device whose technical characteristics correspond to the parameters of the autonomous water supply system being equipped. Only if the pump is selected correctly, and the pump is properly installed in the well, can one count on the efficient and uninterrupted operation of such a device for a long period.

How to install a pump in a well and perform commissioning

After drilling a well, a casing pipe is installed in it, into which a deep pump is lowered. Before proceeding with the installation of a downhole pump in a well, you should make sure that there are no narrowings and curvature along the entire length of the inner surface of the casing pipe, which can not only complicate installation, but also significantly reduce the life of pumping equipment.

Before installing a submersible pump in a well, determine the difference between the inner diameter of the casing and the outer diameter of the hydraulic machine housing. If this difference is too small, then all the defects present on the inner walls of the casing will negatively affect the operation of the device. If the gap between the pump housing and the pipe walls is too large, it may cause equipment failure. The water that a submersible pump pumps out of the well must move at a sufficient speed in order to provide effective cooling of the pump, therefore, during installation, the gap between its casing and the inner walls of the casing should be optimal. This value is usually indicated in the technical data sheet for each submersible pump model.

The installation of a submersible pump in the well is carried out using a polyamide cord, which is tied to the body of the hydraulic machine. When choosing such a cord for installing a pump in a well with your own hands, it should be borne in mind that this product must withstand a breaking load, the value of which is at least five times the weight of the installed pumping equipment. To eliminate the risk of suction into the inside of the hydraulic machine of the knot with which the polyamide cord is attached to its body, such a knot should be tied at a distance of about 10 cm from the inlet holes of the device, and the ends of the cord should be melted.

If the depth of the well into which the deep pump is installed does not exceed 10 meters, then in addition to the polyamide cord, when installing the pump, it is necessary to use a spring suspension tied to the body of the device. As such a suspension, which is necessary in order to dampen the vibrations of a working submersible pump, you can use a medical tourniquet or tape made of flexible rubber. However, wire or cable made of metal cannot be used in this function. This is explained by the fact that the elements of such a suspension, which are characterized by high hardness, can simply break the mounting holes on the pump housing.

The installation of a deep-well pump assumes that together with the hydraulic machine itself, which is installed in the well using a polyamide cord, a power cord and a metal-plastic pipe connected to the discharge pipe are lowered into the casing pipe. All three elements lowered into the well together with the pump (polyamide cord, power cord and pipe) are fastened together with an insulating tape, while the step with which such fastenings are made can be in the range of 70–130 cm. polyamide cord, pump power cable and pipe, should be at least 20–30 cm from the discharge pipe.

Since threaded connections reduce the strength of pipes, they try to install a borehole pump without using them. As a rule, the installation of a submersible pump in a well is carried out using flange-type connections, which are highly reliable and durable. Mounting bolts in connections of this type are inserted through the upper flange, and the nut is screwed onto it from below. The need to comply with such a recommendation is explained by the fact that if an unscrewed bolt falls into the well shaft, it will cause much more harm to it than a nut that has fallen into it.

Before installing a borehole pump, you must first measure how deep the water is in the underground source. To carry out such a measurement, a column of gas pipes is used, which is lowered into the well shaft through a hole in the base plate.

You should also know how to lower the pump into the well so as not to damage the device body during installation. When lowering the pump into the well, it is best to put a rubber ring on its body, which will protect it from damage when it hits the walls of the casing. After the submersible pump is lowered into the well to the required depth, the upper end of the suspension on which such a device is held is tied to a special crossbar fixed on the surface of the earth.

When equipping an underground water source with pumping equipment, it is important to know how to install a pump in a well, as well as how to properly connect such a device to the pipeline system that it will serve. Installation of a borehole pump, performed after the equipment is already at the required depth of an underground water source, is carried out according to the following algorithm.

• The upper end of the pipe connected to the pump discharge pipe is attached to the base plate, which the well is equipped with.
• If the pump design does not provide for a built-in check valve, then it is purchased separately for installation on the discharge line.
• In addition, it is necessary to install a valve, a branch elbow and a pressure gauge on the discharge pipe, with which the fluid pressure will be measured.
• After all of the above steps have been completed, it is possible to connect the elbow extending from the injection pipe to the pipeline itself, through which the water pumped out of the well will flow to the points of its consumption.

Before connecting a pump placed in a well to a power supply and control station for such a device, it is advisable to measure the resistance of the winding of its drive motor and an electric cable immersed in a liquid medium. You can perform such a procedure, which completes the installation of a borehole pump with your own hands, using a megohmmeter. After checking, the electric cable of the pump is connected to the control station. Then a test run of the installed equipment is performed.

How to determine the required source depth

The installation of a borehole pump must be carried out at a certain depth of the water source. When using a well as a source of water supply, the static and dynamic levels of the location of the pumped liquid medium in it are taken into account. Under the static level is understood the distance at which the mirror of water, which is in a calm state, is located from the surface of the earth. At the dynamic level, the water in the well is after it is pumped out.

Submersible pumping equipment, in order for it to function efficiently and be efficiently cooled by the liquid medium it pumps, should be located in the well at a mark that is at least 30 cm below the dynamic level. If the thickness of the water layer allows, then it would be better if the installation of the deep pump is carried out at a mark located 2–3 m below the dynamic level. It should be borne in mind that the pump installed in the well must be at least 1–2 m from its bottom.

Dismantling the deep pump

The need for dismantling due to pump failure can arise for a number of reasons, the most common of which are:

• improper installation of a submersible pump in the well;
• improperly selected elements of automatic control of pumping equipment;
• wrong choice of the hydraulic machine itself according to its power.

So, if a pump, originally designed to service wells with a depth of no more than 50 m, is used to lift water to a height of about 80 m, then repairs to such equipment may be required after a few months of its operation. The automation of this pump, set to a certain pressure of the pumped liquid medium, simply will not periodically turn off the device, as a result of which it will work with constant overloads and, accordingly, will quickly fail.

When a broken downhole pump requires dismantling, it is better to invite qualified specialists to carry out this procedure. If you have studied the theoretical material on this topic and watched the videos that users of submersible pumping devices share on the Internet, you can do the dismantling yourself.

Benefits of Hiring Qualified Professionals

The main and most important advantage of attracting qualified specialists for the maintenance and dismantling of a submersible pump is that they have the necessary knowledge, skills and experience in working with hydraulic machines. This will allow such specialists to quickly diagnose faulty equipment, determine the cause of its failure or incorrect operation, promptly eliminate it and perform commissioning.

In addition, serious companies involved in the installation and repair of pumping equipment serving a well or well provide guarantees for all the work they perform.

Drilling a well and installing a casing string is a complex process, and in most cases, it is impossible to perform it without the use of heavy drilling equipment. This is especially true for the development of artesian wells. Therefore, to perform these works, it is better to contact the employees of a company that specializes in providing such services.

But all further work on the arrangement of the well, with elementary construction skills and a technical mindset, can be done independently. Considering the considerable cost of installing a borehole pump by professional craftsmen, self-installation will help save a significant amount of money.

Pump Installation Guide

In this article, the reader will be offered step-by-step instructions for self-installation of a submersible well pump.

• The stainless steel cable and clamps for fixing it must be designed for the weight of the entire system assembly (pump, electric cable, pipe filled with water, mounting hardware), taking into account a tenfold overload. The length of the cable should be slightly greater than the total depth of the well.
• The double vinyl insulated electrical cable must be long enough to remain solid without joints throughout its entire length from the pump to the control panel. The recommended cable cross-section and the number of cores are indicated in the pump manual.
• The HDPE riser pipe and its connecting fittings must also be selected based on the recommendations of the submersible pump manufacturer.

Advice! Before installing the borehole pump, it is necessary to empty the well for two days to clean it from sand and drilling cuttings residues using an inexpensive submersible pump of the “Kid” type. It is highly recommended not to pump with the main borehole pump.

Pump installation

With a small depth of the well, the pump on the cable can be lowered manually, however, this method is less convenient and requires increased attention, extreme accuracy and the participation of at least two people.

It is much more convenient and safer to carry out maintenance and installation of borehole pumps using a metal or wooden tripod, which is installed on the surface of the earth above the head of the well.

1. Before starting the descent, you must finally make sure that the electrical connection is connected correctly and tight, check the operation of the check valve and the rotation of the working shaft, as well as the reliability of fixing the carrier cable.
2. Measure the estimated length of the cable and make a loop at its second end by installing two metal clamps. At the head of the well, install a snap-in carabiner for the cable.
3. As it descends, the power cable must be secured to the pressure pipe with nylon ties or stainless steel clamps. At the fixing point, the cable must be wrapped with a strip of sheet rubber, and when tightening the clamps, make sure not to damage the insulation.

1. After some time, on the way of the pump, the most difficult place of the well will meet where the casing string changes from a larger diameter to a smaller one. When passing through this section, one should not rush, but gently turning the pump around its axis, push it down with a little pressure.
2. You can read about that in a previous article on our website, while the most optimal installation depth of a submersible pump is considered to be its location several meters below the dynamic water level, but not closer than 1-2 meters to its surface.
3. In order to avoid clogging the pump and check valve with sand, it is not allowed to lower the submersible pump closer than 1 meter to the bottom of the well.

Advice! After installing and fixing the pump, make sure that the entire water-lifting system does not hang with its weight on the pressure pipe, but is suspended exclusively on a carrier cable.

For reliable operation of the water supply system, it is necessary to comply with certain rules and requirements that apply to the installation and operation of submersible borehole pumps.

• Water is the working fluid and, at the same time, the coolant for the submersible pump, so its operation without water is strictly prohibited.
• In order to exclude dry operation, it is necessary to install a liquid level sensor in the well, which will turn off the power supply to the pump when the water level drops below a critical level.
• All metal elements of pumping equipment must be made of stainless steel. Its price is much higher than the cost of ferrous metal, however, firstly, stainless steel parts will not affect the composition and taste of water, and secondly, they will not be destroyed during oxidation, which, accordingly, will not lead to cable breakage and loss well pump.

Conclusion

From the above article, we can conclude that the independent installation of a submersible pump in a well on its own site is quite within the power of almost any home master. To do this, it is enough to be careful, and adhere to generally accepted norms and rules.

Answers to additional questions can be obtained by watching the video in this article, or reading other materials on our website, and if you have any questions for its author, you can leave them in the comment form.

Installation of a borehole pump is a responsible and time-consuming process that requires special attention and some skills. In order to install the pump in the well in accordance with all the rules, it is necessary to complete all drilling work. They are mandatory for the arrangement of a drinking source. At the same time, the mine itself should not take up much space. For water supply from a well, the installation of surface pumps will be required. Water supply from wells can be carried out using deep submersible devices.

When submerging equipment, it is important to set the correct placement depth. Some manufacturers recommend mounting pumps more than 10 meters. If the manufacturing company gives any recommendations for the installation of its product, they must be strictly followed. Proper assembly of the equipment will prevent various problems in its further operation.

Equipment selection

The choice of materials should be given careful attention. This will ensure the rational organization of the entire process. Since all elements are constantly in the water, their technical characteristics and resistance to negative environmental influences should be taken into account. Insufficient sealing of all joints can cause equipment failure. If the pump is installed incorrectly, it quickly fails. Therefore, when installing the pump with your own hands, you need to be extremely careful and accurate.

The device of pumping equipment intended for immersion provides the necessary pressure of water supply. From the well, it is fed into the water supply. Connecting the pump without errors will ensure long-term operation of the entire system and the equipment itself.

Submersible pump includes:

• cylindrical body;
• a mechanism for pumping water out of a well shaft;
• reinforced cable;
• adjustable rubber diffusers;
• electrical components;
• chromed impeller.

The water intake device is chosen taking into account such characteristics as power and size. The depth of the well is measured in meters - it is to this level that the equipment must raise water. When choosing a pump, the volume of drinking water supplied from the mine per hour must be taken into account. This parameter provides the required pressure. Ease of use and location of the mechanism are also taken into account.

Preliminary work

The connection diagram of the borehole pump will help you install the device without errors. It is necessary if you do not know how to connect the pump to the well. To provide access to the power supply, if necessary, increase the cable. The wires are connected according to their color. Soldering is used during the installation of the power supply. It allows you to improve the contact between the cable sections.

Before installing a borehole pump, the shaft is washed and cleaned. This will save all important structural elements from damage by clay and sand. The choice of the type of mechanism depends on the planning of the pipe layout. You can install a surface pumping station or a submersible pump.

If water supply is required to be carried out in the country, then surface seasonal pipe laying is used. To ensure year-round water supply, pipes are laid underground below the freezing level. Installation begins after drilling is completed.

Before installation, be sure to check the casing for a variety of defects. Existing irregularities and narrowings can lead to poor functioning of the unit. Defects complicate the operation of mechanisms and water intake, so it is necessary to use a flat casing pipe.

Mounting

After pumping the well shaft, the installation of the unit begins. Connecting a borehole pump requires the use of high-quality strapping materials. You will need:

• rigid PVC hose;
• outlet pipe;
• adapter fittings;
• tow;
• sealed paste;
• cable for linking the pump in the mine;
• clamps for a cable loop;
• insulating tape;
• hooks with carabiners;
• pressure switch;
• hydraulic mechanism.

How to install a pump in a well? To do this, you must follow a few rules.

1. The pump must be installed below the surface water level. Some experts recommend immersing the pump 5-6 meters lower than indicated in the passport for the device. The pump must not be installed in the area where the filter is located.
2. The equipment is lowered into the pit strictly vertically with a cable. All actions must be unhurried and clear. The equipment must never be held by the electrical cable. The cable loop is fixed on a special hook.
3. Installation of the pump in the well begins with the performance of piping work. The discharge section is equipped with a valve, which prevents unexpected start-up of equipment without water. If the equipment does not provide a valve, it is installed independently. The valve ensures that the engine is turned off in the absence of water. It is connected to the barrel.
4. A special durable sealant is applied to the threads, then a linen strapping is wound and a steel fitting is mounted to connect the outlet tube. To qualitatively connect plastic and metal parts, a special sealed paste is used. How to connect a deep well pump so that there are no problems in the future? An additional element is screwed to the nozzle - a filter. This will protect the lower chamber from sand and silt.
5. To make it convenient, the cable, cable and hose are connected with electrical tape. After installing the head, the cable is fixed, and the remaining elements should be brought out. The pipe is connected to an autonomous water supply. It is connected without the use of threaded connections. This helps to save the structure from damage by the corrosive process. How to install the cable correctly? Installation of the pump to the well requires an error-free connection of the cable and cable. The cable must be unwound, and then thread its end into both ears of the body. In this part of the work, special self-locking plastic fasteners are used. They are mounted after 5 centimeters. It is also important to use plastic clamps. The end of the cable is fixed with 2-3 clamps and a loop is formed.
6. If the well is located at a great depth, you should first place the pipe, and then measure the cable. Then the wire is unwound and fixed. With a small depth of the shaft, the head can be fixed before installation. After lowering the pump into the well, the cable is fixed on the tube.
7. Do-it-yourself installation of a pump in a well requires fixing the cable on the surface of the well. To do this, the assembled loop is fixed with clamps. The wire is disconnected from the capacitors, and then connected to the pumping equipment. Then it is fixed with electrical tape. It is important that there are no kinks anywhere - the cable must be free from any deformation.
8. The next step is the assembly of the accumulator. To do this, it is necessary to study the hydraulic accumulator unit. Before assembling it, a well pump connection diagram is carefully developed. It gives the master an idea of ​​how to connect the well pump correctly and quickly. Connection of electrical elements requires preliminary adjustment with a pressure gauge. A pressure switch is installed. The pump is set to the following parameters: 1.5 bar - on, 2.5 bar - off.
9. The tank is connected with fittings. The type of adapters is selected depending on the location of the inlet. The sealed paste used for fixing must be moisture resistant. A linen thread is fixed on top.
10. The pump can also be installed using the direct connection method - without using a hydraulic accumulator. The outlet pipe is directly connected to the tank. The equipment tank should be quite capacious - no need to save on engine cycles.
11. After connecting the condenser box, the pump is started for pumping until clean drinking water appears. It is checked whether air has entered the structure. Excess pipe is cut off. Fittings are put on it, after which they should be firmly tightened.
12. There should not be much noise during the operation of the device. If the station is installed correctly, it will be able to operate for many years without interruption. A modern electric pump can be used for a long period. If it is turned on often enough, it will be necessary to carry out a separate power supply to the equipment.

During installation, it is important to pay attention to the design of the well, determine the depth of immersion and correctly fix the head on the pipe. These measures will help to avoid errors and correctly configure the equipment. If you cannot install the pump yourself, it is better to contact specialists.