Septic tank for a bath from the rings. A septic tank for a bath (the situation is non-standard, experienced minds are urgently needed). Which option to choose

A septic tank for a bath can be done by hand.

The bath wastewater treatment device is sold in all construction stores. But their price starts from 6,000 rubles. The first appeared on sale at the end of 1980. Why are the baths built by our grandfathers still standing, and the drain system works perfectly? Just any design can be assembled with your own hands, a little skill and knowledge is enough. How to make a septic tank for a bath with your own hands, we will tell our readers about the design and installation in this article.

Scheme of the design of a septic tank for a bath of two wells.

Before planning the design of the drain in the bath, it is necessary to consider whether water will drain there or a toilet is provided in the design. It’s just that the drain from the bath, where there is no bathroom, is usually liquid and almost clean, there is no need to do this complex structure. The main differences in the design of septic tanks with and without a bathroom.

In a bath without a bathroom special system there is no need for filtration in a septic tank. In the bath, only natural or soapy compositions are used, and their volume is several times less than that of plain water. You can simply install a well from rings without a bottom and the water itself will gradually go into the soil.
For a bath with a toilet, you need to make a septic tank of two or more chambers. The first chamber is made under the accumulation of feces, it must be airtight, then filters are placed.

Thus, according to their design, do-it-yourself septic tanks for a bath are made into single-chamber and multi-chamber (more often than two). The size of a septic tank with a filter system must take into account the level ground water. If it is high, then it is necessary that the septic tank contains as much water from the drain as possible, otherwise in spring and autumn there will be problems with the system during the rains.

Given the GWL (groundwater level), with or without a bath toilet, choose the material for the septic tank:

Barrels made of metal with a carved bottom.
PVC barrels with drilled holes for water filtration.
concrete rings.
Monolithic concrete well from a single pipe.
Well from the old car tires.
Septic tank made of large PVC containers.

The first two options are not suitable for soil with high level GW, since water will not leave them. It is advisable to install small PVC or metal barrels on sandstone.

The size and depth of the septic tank is selected individually. If the depth is large, then take a smaller diameter of the materials, and vice versa. The place under the septic tank must be available for pumping out the AC by a machine or a drainage pump with access to the public sewer.

How to make a septic tank from reinforced concrete rings

A septic tank for a bath made of reinforced concrete rings is not much different from a regular household one. Since the water from the bath is mostly clean, it is not necessary to make a large depth of the well. Before work, you need to decide on the place and purchase ready-made reinforced concrete rings from 2 pcs. Do-it-yourself work is carried out in the following stages:

It digs two holes side by side in depth under 1-2 rings, the diameter is 20 cm larger than the rings.
The first ring is installed. The bottom is filled with a concrete cushion by 10-15 cm.
The second is mounted on it.
Install pipes and cover for the well. If the cover is made of concrete, then it is necessary to leave a hatch in it. The first two rings will serve as a sump.
In order for the seams between the rings to be airtight, they are coated with bitumen or mastic based on it.
The first ring is mounted in the second well.
The bottom is covered with a 15 cm gravel pillow.
The second ring is installed, the seams do not need to be waterproofed.
Between themselves, septic tanks are connected by a sewer PVC pipe, at an angle to the second well.

If the bath does not provide for the installation of a toilet, then only one well can be made from reinforced concrete rings with a bottom covered with gravel.

A system of reinforced concrete rings will last for many years, but there are disadvantages:

It is difficult to carry out installation without the involvement of special equipment, since the rings are heavy.
Price for rings from 2000 rubles. country bath with such a system is considered a luxury.

Summer residents and gardeners solved the problem with the price and heavy weight using improvised material, such as old tires.

How to make a septic tank from tires

Tires from a tractor or a large car are the most economical option for making a septic tank.

Old tires are taken from Kamaz or any other large car. You can find them for free at

The design of a septic tank made of tires is also made of two or one chamber, depending on whether there is a toilet in the bath or not. Installation is carried out in the following steps:

They dig two or one hole with a depth below the freezing of the soil, at least 2 m. The diameter depends on the size of the tire (more than 15 cm of the wheel).
Tires with inside pruned so that the well is less clogged. The cut is easier to make with a jigsaw or chainsaw.
A well of tires is laid out on top of each other.
A pipe with a diameter of 10 cm is brought to the well, they should be below the freezing of the soil, at an angle from the bath. A pipe is also mounted between the wells, at an angle from the first well to the second. The pipe is inserted into the slots on the side of the tires.
The first well must be either concreted from below or laid a dense clay pillow. Gravel is poured at the bottom of the second.
The space between the pit and the tires is covered with sand and gravel, carefully tamping.

For wells made of tires, it is necessary to come up with covers, and they will not only prevent the spread of smell, but also protect children and animals from falling inside.

Septic tank made of prefabricated iron or PVC cubes

Ready-made euro-cubes for the design of a septic tank for a bath.

PVC or iron cubes are sold in construction and gardening large shopping malls. They are expensive but easy to work with. The sewer well will be sealed. The volume can be any up to 10,000 cubic meters. PVC cubes are also called euro-containers, they are often used in large transport companies for the transport of various liquids. You can try to buy them there, used cheaper.

Euro-cubes are mounted in the following steps:

The neck is cut and tees are mounted in it, all joints must be sealed with special plastic sealants.
From the end of the container, stepping back from the top 250 mm, a cutout is made for a plastic pipe of the required diameter.
Another hole is made on top for mounting ventilation pipe. It is connected to a tee.
Further, if the design is two-chamber, connecting holes are made. In the first container, it should be 15-20 cm below the hole for the underwater pipe, in the second container, 20-25 cm below this hole.
A wide hole is dug so that the entire structure fits (from 2 or 1 container).
Cubes with pipes are installed at the bottom of the pit and reinforced with iron fittings or any old ones. metal pipes. If the septic tank is completely metal, then the fittings are welded by welding.
The structure must be filled with concrete mortar along the neck of the wells.
It is good to pre-insulate the system with foam plastic on the upper horizontal surfaces and only then concrete.

The design is eternal, but very expensive.

Septic tank for a garden or country bath

For small bath in the garden or in the country, you can make a single-chamber septic tank from a plastic or iron barrel without a bottom. To do this, holes are cut out in a plastic barrel along the entire perimeter of the walls and bottom, and the bottom is completely removed from the iron barrel. Further work is carried out as follows:

A hole is dug in depth along the height of the barrel, the width is 10-15 cm larger than the diameter.
Gravel 10 cm is poured into the pit, it is rammed.
A hole is made on the side of the barrel, retreating 20 cm from above under the drain pipe.
The barrel is installed in a pit, in order to avoid distortion, it is necessary to strengthen the structure with reinforcement from 4 sides simply by sticking it inside the pit.
The distance between the walls and the pit is covered with gravel and rammed.
From above, the well will protrude by 10 cm, you need to come up with a cover.

Water will gradually dissolve itself from the well into the ground, once a season it must be cleaned of debris.

More information about the septic tank for a bath can be viewed on the video:

It is not difficult to make a septic tank for a bath with your own hands, using any of the proposed methods. The most budgetary and affordable of car tires and old barrels, the material is light and installation can be done alone. Which option is more suitable for your bath should be chosen taking into account factors such as: the bath is used all year round or seasonally, whether there is a toilet in the bathhouse or not, the groundwater level on the site, and even landscape features. The above instructions will help you understand and perform the work correctly.

A bath is an essential attribute of a comfortable country life, therefore, when purchasing a summer cottage, many begin to build it almost before the construction of the main house and other outbuildings. However, its use involves the formation of a sufficiently large number Wastewater. And, first of all, it is necessary to decide where and how they will be diverted. The best solution to this problem is to make a septic tank for a bath with your own hands.

Someone will say: “Why the extra trouble and expense, if you can dig a trench “in the old fashioned way”, through which the water from the bath will simply go into the ground?” But these effluents, which are formed every time you take a bath, can become a real threat to the environmental and sanitary safety of the site. So, sooner or later, you still have to think about how to organize the removal of sewage from the bath in a more civilized way.

Selection rules

When purchasing or manufacturing a septic tank for a bath, it is necessary to take into account the nature of the effluents that it has to process. As a rule, the bulk of the waste from this facility is "gray water", consisting of water with soap suds, surfactants and derivatives of fatty acids. They also contain small amounts of hair and skin particles.

If the bath is equipped with a toilet, then the nature of the drains will be somewhat different. It is customary to call sewage water of this type "black", and it is more responsible to treat and dispose of them. In this case, the construction of a reliable treatment plant with several sealed sedimentation chambers is mandatory.

A septic tank for a bath can be single-chamber and two-chamber. A single-chamber septic tank is the simplest treatment plant, consisting of a tank without a bottom and working on the principle of a filtering well. In this case, the function of the reservoir can be performed by various devices such as metal barrels bottomless, and plastic containers, with holes made in them, reinforced concrete rings, old car tires, etc., and the filter is a layer of crushed stone at the bottom.

Single-chamber sewer tank with a filter bottom

Please note, when constructing such a septic tank on your own site, you must take into account the location of groundwater where he will be. If their level is high enough, the cleaning chamber should be of sufficient volume to a large number of wastewater, simultaneously generated during the use of the bath, could completely fit inside the tank.

A septic tank for a bath with a toilet should ideally be at least two-chamber. This option should also be used when the use of the bath is planned quite often. It can be purchased ready-made or built independently, using reinforced concrete well rings for this, concrete mortar or plastic containers (Eurocubes) and the same tires.

The first chamber in this case used as a filter mechanical cleaning. A mixture of crushed stone and gravel is poured into it fines, which cleans "gray drains" from larger impurities. The second chamber functions as a sump in which the water that has passed through the mechanical filter settles. Then the water moves into the drainage well, from which it is gradually absorbed into the ground. This option is good for those who need a septic tank for a bath without pumping. A septic tank has a similar principle of operation, in which the first chamber will be used for mechanical cleaning, and the second will be drainage well with bottom filter.

This scheme of a two-chamber septic tank allows it to be used for a bath with a toilet

Important: During use, the gravel and crushed stone backfill will become contaminated, which will lead to a decrease in the speed and quality of filtration, so it needs to be updated periodically.

Homemade septic tanks - design options

by the most simple solution the problem of sewage disposal from the bath is the purchase of a ready-made septic tank industrial production. However, in some cases it is more rational and practical to make a home-made septic tank for a bath, which will cope with the task of treating wastewater no less efficiently and efficiently.

Consider several options for such structures, starting with the simplest and least expensive:

Filter cesspool

Device Features:

- A pit is dug, on the bottom of which a backfill consisting of a mixture of gravel, sand and pebbles is poured with a layer of 40-50 cm.

- The walls are reinforced with bricks or rubble.

Pros:

- Ease of manufacture.

- Minimum construction costs and a sufficiently high efficiency of wastewater treatment from the bath with its periodic use.

Minuses:

- Not suitable for baths equipped with a toilet.

— Requires frequent cleaning and periodic replacement of the drainage layer.

Septic tank from car tires

Pit for a septic tank

Device Features:

- Tires pass preliminary training- they cut off the sides.

- Pits for a septic tank are dug at a distance of 2-3 m from the bath. Their diameter should correspond to the diameter of the used tires with an overlap of 15 cm. Depth - depending on the expected water flow (recommended depth is about 2-3 meters).

- The bottom of the first pit is sealed with clay or concrete, and the bottom of the second pit is covered with a mixture of sand and gravel for filtration.

- Tires are laid in the pit, fastened at the joints with wire staples or plastic clamps.

- Holes are cut out in the tires for supplying a pipeline with drains and for organizing an overflow between the two chambers of the septic tank.

- A sewer pipe 110 mm in diameter is connected to the first tank, which is laid below the freezing level of the soil.

Pipes are brought into the holes prepared in the tires

- An overflow pipe leads from the first tank to the second.

— The pit is filled with soil and clay.

- A sheet of iron or a thick board is laid on top, covered with soil.

Pros:

- A septic tank for a bath from tires requires a minimum of costs for installation and delivery of components.

- The possibility of manufacturing a septic tank of optimal volume, through the use of tires of a suitable diameter.

— Ease of use.

Minuses:

- Insufficient tightness of the structure.

- Not really high quality wastewater treatment.

Note: It is possible to manufacture a treatment plant for a bath from tires, which has only one chamber with a filtering bottom, provided that the bath will be without a toilet.

Septic tank from eurocubes

Device Features:

- Eurocubes (square-shaped plastic containers with a volume of about a thousand liters) are being prepared for further use. To do this, tees are mounted in their neck, and holes are made for connecting and outlet pipes.

Prepared eurocubes with tees and ventilation

- The tanks are installed in a previously dug pit, the width of which on all sides should be 15 cm wider than the width of the containers used. Read more about the device of a septic tank from eurocubes with your own hands without pumping.

Important: Due to the fragility and low strength of the eurocubes used to create a home-made two-chamber septic tank, the bottom and walls of the pit must be concreted. In order to prevent the containers from floating up, they can additionally be fixed with special clamps to a concrete screed.

- Before filling the septic tank, the tanks must be filled with water, and the gap between them - with concrete mortar to give the structure additional strength. To insulate the septic tank from above, it must be covered with foam and then covered with earth. The ventilation pipes must remain on the surface.

— Drainage is being installed from perforated pipes with a diameter of 50 mm. They are laid in trenches covered with a mixture of sand and gravel.

Pros:

— Cleaning efficiency.

— Durability and reliability.

— Relative complexity of manufacturing associated with concreting the pit.

Septic tank made of concrete rings

In its design, this design resembles a shallow well.

Installation of a septic tank concrete rings

Device Features:

— Excavations are being prepared for two septic tanks.

- Calculation is done required amount rings, taking into account the level of groundwater and the volume of effluents.

- The chamber from the first ring is equipped with a bottom, in the second, instead of the bottom, a layer of crushed stone 200-300 mm thick is poured.

— Installation of pipelines and covers with a hatch is being carried out.

Such a septic tank for a bath of concrete rings can be single-chamber without a bottom. A septic tank made of plastic barrels will function in a similar way.

Finished Models

If you do not have time to worry about how to make a septic tank for a bath with your own hands, it makes sense to purchase practical and functional devices at an affordable price. Popular Models:

In addition, there are a large number of deep cleaning stations such as Topas, Unilos, etc., the price of which will already be much higher. However, simple installations with mechanical filters and sedimentation tanks, which, if necessary, can be equipped with a soil purification system, can be called the best solution for a bath.

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Which option to choose?

If you decide which septic tank is best for a bath, then you should determine the type of wastewater and the degree of contamination. They usually contain surfactants, soapy substances, particles of dirt and leather.

In the absence of a toilet in the bath, you can use the simplest design from one well. The septic tank is made in the form of a conventional autonomous sewer system, but it is not airtight, gravel and crushed stone are laid at the bottom for filtration. After getting inside, the drains pass through these elements and go into the soil. Provided required level cleaning and complete safety.

The main advantages of this solution:

Simplicity of arrangement, construction time is significantly reduced.
You can save money on materials.
The use of a bottom filter eliminates the need for frequent cleaning.

The main disadvantage of such simple designs- Poor cleanliness. Therefore, they can only be used for drains with a low level of pollution. If a toilet is installed in the bath, then it will be necessary to build a complex version of two wells.

Important!It is best to use designs of two containers. They are more versatile and provide best degree wastewater treatment.

Location selection

When designing a septic tank for a bath, special attention should be paid to the choice suitable place to install it. We recommend that you follow a few simple rules:

It is necessary to locate the structure at a small distance from the structure in order to facilitate the connection of the sewerage system.
If there is a well for water intake on the site, then the distance to it should be several tens of meters.
Care must be taken to install this structure in areas with a high level of groundwater.
The place must be chosen in such a way that a sewer can drive up to the septic tank for cleaning.

Important!Consider the exit of the sewer pipe from the bath. Between it and the cleaning system does not allow the presence of angles of 120 degrees or more. Otherwise, there will be serious problems when connecting and laying a pipe to remove drains.

Carefully consider the location of this element on the site and choose the most suitable place for installation.

Material selection

When choosing a material and design, you should take into account the location of groundwater, soil characteristics and your financial opportunities. There are several options for performing septic tanks:

From PVC containers.
From metal tanks.
From car tires.
Their concrete rings.

A septic tank for a bath is best made from concrete rings. These designs are more reliable in operation, they can be installed independently, with the involvement of specialized equipment.

Important!If you make a septic tank yourself, and do not buy already ready systems, then it is better not to save on materials. Concrete structures will cost more, but they are highly durable.

Pit preparation

Consider how to make a septic tank for a bath of concrete rings. After you have determined a suitable place for installation, you can proceed to the direct work. We recommend that you purchase materials in advance, including reinforced concrete rings and measure their dimensions. The obtained parameters must be used when determining the depth, length and width of the pit.

There are several options for preparing the pit for installation:

Manual method, using conventional shovels. This solution will save money, but it will take a lot of time and effort. Therefore, several people should be involved at once.
Development with the help of special equipment is the best option. It will take much less time, will significantly speed up the installation process.

Separately from the bath, a trench is dug for sewerage. It will contain a pipe for draining wastewater. The trenches should be deep enough to hide the sewers under the ground.

Installation

To build a septic tank for a bath with your own hands, you will need to call special equipment to install the rings. She will be able to place the concrete goods in the prepared pit and will significantly save your strength in this process.

The first well to which the sewer is connected must be completely sealed. There are two mounting options:

Installation on concrete slab. A slab is laid in the base, the area between it and the concrete ring should be carefully sealed.
The second way is to install the rings, pour the concrete solution inside and wait for it to solidify, it will ensure the tightness of the structure. The height of the concrete pillow at the bottom is 10 centimetres.

The space between the rings should be well lubricated with sealant. It will be able to eliminate the possibility of leakage and contamination of the soil with runoff.

After the construction of the first well, you can proceed to the implementation of the second. It will be equipped with a filter bottom, so the arrangement concrete base not required. It is enough to level the soil and you can perform direct installation. The area between the rings is also lubricated with sealant.

Important!It is best to use high quality sealants from well-known manufacturers. An excellent option would be hygroscopic mastic and liquid glass.

Sand, pebbles, crushed stone are poured into the bottom of the second well, they will be used as a natural filter for wastewater and provide complete cleaning. The thickness of the pillow should be between 10 and 20 centimetres.

Sewer pipes are supplied from the bath, they can be made of metal or polypropylene.
In the first well (sump), a hole is punched in the upper part, a pipe is inserted into it to discharge sewage water.
In the sump and the second well, one hole is made each, they are connected to each other with a pipe.

Important!The junction of pipes with wells must be treated with sealants, they will eliminate the possibility of leaks and ensure the full functioning of the system.

The final stage

On the last step it is necessary to install covers to protect the containers from external influences. They are made of concrete, these elements can be purchased from suppliers.

During installation, coat the edges of the upper rings with sealants. They will exclude the evaporation of the contents of the wells, the ingress of rain and melt water inside. A hatch should be provided in the design, through which access to the septic tank is provided, and its further cleaning is carried out.

The hatch is closed with a lid. It is better to use standard cast iron products, they have a fairly high strength and durability. Covers can be made of concrete, reinforced concrete and even wood.

After installing the covers, the pit is filled with the remaining soil. It should be well tamped to exclude the possibility of further destruction. You can sprinkle the area around the cast iron cover with soil or leave it on the surface.

A septic tank for a reinforced concrete bath is distinguished by its reliability and durability, the system can be operated for many years. Its main disadvantage is the high cost of materials. But in this case, the costs are fully justified, and you can save time and money on frequent repairs and purges.

Responsibly approach the implementation of the septic tank, carefully work out the design and location, first draw up a small diagram and work plan. If you do everything right individual stages, then you won't have any problems with further exploitation designs. It will provide complete wastewater treatment and disposal. It is important to carry out timely further maintenance and monitor the condition of the system.

prokommunikacii.ru

In our days in the country, or personal plot there is a bath. This is a miracle of healing and beneficial for the body, which has come down to us from time immemorial and is the legacy of our ancestors. No other bathhouse or sauna can be compared with the Russian bathhouse. The Russian bath has many advantages, but there are also disadvantages not in the bath itself, of course, but in its operation, more precisely in the use of sewage. Often, in the old samples of the buildings of the baths, there was simply no sewage system and the water went into the cracks between the boards in the floor, and then into the soil.

Of course, the whole thing then exuded moisture and dampness for a long time. Not infrequently, the owners of the baths had to dismantle the floor in the steam room and subsequently dry the boards, or simply keep the door open until the next time, so that it ventilated and dried out. In the bath without high humidity, and even if dampness comes from under the floor, then the structure will quickly become unusable.

Also, during the operation of baths without sewage, the owners, for example, change every 10 years lower crown log house. Some attendants go to the trick and make the lower crown out of hard rock wood such as oak.

In order for the bathhouse to serve the owners for a long time, it is necessary to make a sewerage system. Nowadays, there is a huge selection of sewer systems, septic tanks of all designs and sizes for houses and baths. But these septic tanks sometimes cost a lot of money and are beyond the reach of a simple summer resident. What should a simple person do and how to protect the bath from dampness and moisture? As always, you need to look for a solution and think with your head. So the author pored over his brains and came to the decision to make a sewer with my own hands and save family budget money.

He took the principle of operation of a conventional septic tank as an idea. The septic tank is arranged as follows - two tanks are interconnected at the top, when the first tank is filled, it begins to flow into another tank that performs the function of drainage. The author took information and drawings from the Internet, thought out and completed it for himself. And so, what does the author need to fulfill his idea?

Materials: two plastic barrels, cement mortar, boards, gravel, polystyrene, sewer pipes.
Tools: shovel, hammer, axe, hacksaw.

Then he dug a hole for a homemade septic tank, brought a sewer pipe out of the bath and connected it to the tank. I made a lid on top.

He also foresaw the onset of winter cold weather by making such a foam insulation. (fig 9)

That's all and covered with a lid on top.

The septic tank for the country bath is ready, now the author’s bath will stand for many years and will delight the family and guests with its raspberry heat.

dachniki.xyz

Design features of septic tanks for a bath

First of all, the choice suitable design septic depends on important parameter- from whether there is a bathroom in the bath.

This can be explained by the fact that wastewater in a bath that is not equipped sanitary unit, have a liquid consistency with a minimum amount of contamination. Then septic tanks for a bath without a bathroom do not require additional installation filtering system. The right decision- build a well from concrete rings without a bottom with a septic gravel and crushed stone cushion as a reliable bottom filter.

If you plan to equip a septic tank for a bath with a toilet, then it is recommended to choose a multi-section filter unit. The first section is hermetic and intended for collecting faecal waste, the remaining sections - for high-quality filtration.

The simplest and affordable option for home-made - a septic tank for a bath of concrete rings, which has a lot of advantages. These include ease of installation, affordable cost of consumables, no need for constant cleaning and disinfection. The only drawback of the structure is the low level of wastewater treatment.

Home cleaning facilities can be made from available materials:

PVC containers (barrels, containers) with small filtration holes in the bottom. Such material can be used for surface occurrence of water in moving soils.
Tanks made of metal without a bottom. They are used to equip a sump in sandstones with a high GWL (groundwater level).
rings from monolithic reinforced concrete, which are suitable for the construction of drinking and technical wells.
Wheel tires from trucks, as well as eurocubes made of plastic and acrylic. They are used for the construction of septic tanks with a low level of aquifer on sandstones.

The right choice of place for the construction of a septic tank

To organize a septic tank for a bath with your own hands, first you need to decide on its location. When choosing a suitable place, it is important to observe the following rules:

To simplify the process of removing wastewater, the sump can be built on safe distance 15 meters from residential and commercial buildings.
If on land plot there are water sources (well or well), the structure should be located no closer than 20 meters from them.
Before starting work, it is necessary to determine the level of occurrence groundwater and soil type to choose the right building material.
The supply pipe to the structure must be at an angle of 125 degrees to prevent rapid clogging of the sewer system.
The location of the sump should be convenient for the access of AC equipment.

If the bath is built on clay or loamy soils, the construction of a septic tank is impossible. Then one should provide alternative options drain systems - a storm drain, a well for drainage or a ditch with a concrete bottom.

With regular operation of a technical facility and infrequent pumping of water drains, it is possible to equip a septic tank for a bath without pumping. It is an ergonomic design consisting of two compartments, which is intended for independent biological wastewater treatment. The chambers are interconnected by a plastic pipeline.

The first chamber is used to process organic waste and filter heavy particles from the water that accumulate at the bottom of the structure. After cleaning, the water enters the second chamber, where it passes through the bottom filter and is discharged into the soil.

When arranging such a system, the bottom of the pit is laid out with a sand and gravel cushion up to 25 cm high, which acts as a drainage base for filtering wastewater.

Septic tank from reinforced concrete rings

Structurally, a septic tank made of rings is similar to a domestic hydraulic structure, the only difference is the shallow depth of the mine. Making a concrete septic tank for a bath with your own hands is quite simple, this will require reinforced concrete rings, plastic pipes, a well cover and working tools. All work is carried out in the following order:

Preparation of a pit of the required size - depth by 2 rings, diameter - 25 cm more than the diameter of the rings.
The ring is mounted, the bottom is concreted to a height of up to 15 cm. If the structure is an open structure, the bottom is equipped with a crushed stone filter pad up to 35 cm high.
The second element is installed on top of the first ring. The rings are connected to each other with special fasteners.
Install sewer pipes and a protective cover. When using a concrete structure, a hatch is first made in it for cleaning the septic tank.
The connecting joints between the rings are treated with a bitumen-based sealant.
The pit is covered with soil and rammed.

If it is planned to build a two-chamber septic tank from rings, a structure is arranged near the first well in a similar way with the installation of reinforced concrete rings. In this case, the bottom of the first well must be concreted, and the second - covered with rubble. The joints between the rings in the second well are not sealed. As a connector of two chambers, a plastic pipe is used, which is installed at a short distance from the bottom of the structure.

Tire construction

old car cameras can be used to build a simple sink.

Installation work is carried out according to the following scheme:

Preparation of one or two pits up to 200 cm deep each, the diameter must exceed the dimensions of the tires by 20 cm.
The bottom of the first receiver is concreted to a height of up to 15 cm, the second is covered sand and gravel mixture by 35 cm.
The inner walls of the tires are trimmed to simplify the process of laying the elements. Tires are mounted alternately in height with the formation of a vertical septic tank.
A pipe with a cross section of up to 110 mm is brought below the level of soil freezing and at a slight slope from the bath to the receiver. When arranging the structure into two compartments, the overflow pipe is installed between the wells under a slope. To do this, holes of the desired diameter are made on the side of the tires. Joints are treated with sealant.
The distance between the septic tank and the pit is covered with soil, and the finished structure is covered with a lid.

Garden septic tank from a barrel

How to make a septic tank for a bath from an ordinary plastic or metal barrel used on the farm? To do this, you must first prepare the container: in plastic product make small holes in the walls and bottom, in metal - remove the bottom.

Construction work is carried out in the following order:

Pit preparation right size: in depth along the height of the container, in width 15 cm more.
Backfilling the bottom with fine gravel by 12 cm, tamping.
Cutting a side hole in the barrel for the drain pipe (this is done by stepping back 18 cm from the bottom of the tank).
Installation of the barrel in the pit with additional fixation with metal rods stuck through the tank into the bottom of the structure.
Backfilling the gap between the pit and the septic tank with rubble and tamping.
Protective cover fixing.

This type of septic tank requires high-quality cleaning of dirt and debris every 6 months.

Septic tank from ready-made plastic and iron eurocubes

The most durable, practical and expensive design for private septic tanks. For its implementation, ready-made eurocubes made of metal and plastic are used. Cubes come in volumes from 50 to 10 thousand cubic meters.

Installation of products is carried out in the following order:

The neck of the cube is cut off for the installation of tees. Existing joints are carefully treated with sealants for plastic.
In the end part of the cube with an upper indent of 25 cm, a hole is made along the diameter of the overflow pipe.
In the upper part, a hole is made for the ventilation pipe connected to the tee.
When using a two-section design, the sections are connected by an overflow pipe, for which special holes are made in the side walls. In the first cube, it is located 20 cm below the hole through which the drains enter, in the second - 25 cm below the hole in the first cube.
A pit is being prepared for two containers.
Cubes with installed overflow pipes are mounted on the bottom and fixed with metal rods.
Finished design with outside walls are insulated with foam sheets and filled concrete mix to the upper level of the necks of the containers.

Self-installation of a septic tank for a private bath is a responsible process that requires a rational approach and right choice material.

most accessible and economical options receivers from car tires, plastic or metal barrels. Such materials are lightweight and easy to install. For the arrangement of more serious structures, it is recommended to use concrete rings or PVC cubes.

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Design features

Before considering the design of a future septic tank, it is necessary to decide whether there will be a toilet in the bath or not. The thing is that the wastewater from an ordinary bath without a bathroom is liquid and almost clean, so in this case there is no need to make a complex structure.

The device of septic tanks for a bath with a toilet and without it is somewhat different:

In a dumping facility without a toilet, it is not necessary to provide a special filtration system in the septic tank. In this case, it is enough to equip a well made of concrete rings without a bottom on a layer of gravel and crushed stone, and the drains will themselves filter into the soil.
The septic tank under the bath with a bathroom should be made in the form of a multi-chamber structure. The first sealed chamber-sump is needed to collect feces, and the following compartments perform filtering functions.

The advantages of installing septic tanks for the house and baths from rings without a bottom include simplicity of design and speed of installation, the ability to save on materials, as well as the absence of the need for frequent cleaning. However, such a septic tank under the bath does not guarantee high quality wastewater treatment.

Worth knowing: septic tanks for home and baths are single-chamber and multi-chamber.

If you decide to make a septic tank for a bath, then the choice of material for it depends on the level of standing groundwater. The device of a septic tank can be produced using the following types of materials:

Metal barrels without a bottom cannot be used in places where groundwater is high. It is better to choose such a septic tank material for sandy soils.
Plastic barrels with holes for filtration. This option is also not suitable for high GWL (groundwater level). They can only be mounted on sandstone.
You can make a simple septic tank from concrete rings.
Some types of septic tanks are made of monolithic reinforced concrete.
A small sump can be built from car tires.
Sometimes one or more PVC cubes are used to equip a treatment plant.

Important: the dimensions and depth of a septic tank for a house or a bath are selected individually. If the septic tank does not provide for the use of a drainage pump for pumping wastewater into the general sewer, then it is necessary to provide a place for the entrance of a sewage truck.

Choosing a place for building

If you decide to build a septic tank for a bath with your own hands, then you should pay Special attention choosing a place to install it. When choosing it, adhere to the following rules:

To facilitate the connection to the sewer, it is better to locate a septic tank near the house.
From water sources located on the territory of the site, the treatment plant should be located at a distance of 20-25 m.
From the residential building, the septic tank should be at a distance of 10-15 m.
If the GWL on the site is high, then the choice of location should be approached with particular care.
The septic tank under the bath should be located in such a place that a free access for a vacuum truck is provided to it.
The pipe leading from the bath to the septic tank should not be connected to it at an angle of more than 120 degrees. Otherwise, problems may arise with the connection and laying of the pipeline.

On clay soils and in areas with a high level of standing groundwater, filtration of wastewater from the bathhouse into the soil is not possible. In this case, you need to use other types of assignment. Suitable for these purposes storm sewer or a body of water. You can also build a gutter in the form of a tray with a concrete bottom. On sandy soils, it is advisable to arrange a filtration absorption well, because this type of soil quickly absorbs large volumes of water.

Wastewater treatment plant without pumping

A septic tank for a bath without pumping out can be used if you regularly use this facility (without a toilet), and you don’t want to pump out the drains frequently. In this case, the water from the waste facility will be discharged into reservoirs, sewers or other suitable places. It can also be collected in filtration wells, from where it will be filtered into the soil.

There are many options independent device such a treatment plant. In addition to them, you can use ready-made treatment plants. However, their price is rather high. Such designs are designed for different volumes of effluents.

Principle of operation

As you already understood, in order to obtain better treatment of wastewater from a bath with a toilet, it is better to make not one sump, but several filtration compartments. In each of them, the wastewater undergoes multi-stage purification, and at the output you will receive completely harmless purified water that can be used for technical needs and watering the garden.

As a rule, in order to equip a septic tank under a bath with a bathroom, a two-chamber design is required. In this case, both chambers are interconnected by an overflow. The principle of operation of such a structure is as follows:

Effluent from the bath through the pipeline enters the first compartment of the structure. Here, the heavier and denser components of the effluents settle to the bottom.
In addition, wastewater in the first chamber, where there is no oxygen, is subjected to primary treatment by anaerobic bacteria. These microorganisms live in conditions without access to oxygen, so such a chamber is a favorable habitat for them.
When the level of liquid waste in the first compartment reaches the overflow mark, the water flows by gravity into the second compartment.
If the device of the second chamber does not provide for a bottom, then the treated effluents are filtered through a layer of gravel and crushed stone into the soil. If the septic tank under the bath has a bottom in the second chamber, then the drains are discharged through a special pipe into a filtration well or ditch.

It is worth noting that during the life of bacteria, effluents decompose into gas and water. As a result of the activity of anaerobic organisms, methane gas is formed, for the removal of which it is necessary ventilation duct. To populate the septic tank with special microorganisms, ready-made biological products are used.

Wastewater treatment plant from reinforced concrete rings

To properly make a septic tank for a bath of concrete rings, you do not need to dig too deep a pit. When performing work, the following sequence of actions is followed:

Digs two holes next to the size of concrete rings. For such a small structure, 1-2 products are enough. In this case, the diameter of the pit should be 20 cm larger than the diameter of the ring.
After the installation of the first concrete product, the bottom of the pit is poured with concrete to a height of 100-150 mm.
After that, the installation of the second ring is carried out. Bitumen or bituminous mastic is used to seal the seams between the rings.
Now the sewer pipeline is being laid and the cover of the structure is being installed. In this case, a hole for the hatch should be provided in the cover. The first structure will serve as a sump.
Now we carry out the installation of rings in the second pit.
We cover its bottom with crushed stone with a layer 150 mm thick.
Waterproofing the seams in the second chamber is not necessary.
The chambers are connected to each other by means of an overflow pipe. It should go at an angle from the first to the second chamber.
The second compartment is covered with a lid without a hatch.

Important: a septic tank under a bath without a toilet can be made from one chamber, consisting of two concrete rings and a bottom covered with gravel.

Tire construction

It is very simple and inexpensive to make a septic tank for a bath with your own hands from car tires. It can also be single-chamber or two-chamber, depending on the presence or absence of a toilet in the bath. Installation is carried out in the following sequence:

They dig a pit with a depth of at least 2 meters. Its diameter depends on the dimensions of the tire. It should be 15 cm larger.
The tires on the inside are cut a little so that after laying several elements on the inside there are no such embossed protrusions.
Tires are stacked on top of each other, forming a vertical well.
A pipeline with a cross section of at least 100 mm is laid to the well. At the same time, it should pass below the soil freezing mark and go downhill from the garbage disposal facility to the well. If a two-chamber design is used, then an overflow pipe is installed between the two wells, going at an angle from the first to the second structure. To install pipes, holes are cut in the side surface of the tires.
The bottom of the first well is concreted. And the bottom of the second structure is covered with rubble.
The gaps between the wells and the walls of the pit are filled with a mixture of crushed stone and sand, and then carefully rammed.
Wells must be closed with covers made of suitable material.

PVC cube septic tank

Quite quickly and cheaply, you can make a septic tank under the bath from eurocubes. They are iron or PVC. The second option is cheaper. Installation of cubes is performed as follows:

The neck of the cube is cut to install a tee there. All joints are carefully sealed.
On one side surface of the cube, a hole is made with a diameter equal to the cross section of the supply pipe. This hole should be at a distance of 25 cm from the top of the container.
On the upper surface, a hole is made for the installation of a ventilation pipe. It is attached to the tee.
After that, holes are made in the two-chamber septic tank for overflow. In the first cube, it should be 150-200 mm lower than the hole through which the drains enter the septic tank. And the hole for the overflow in the second cube should be 200-250 mm lower than this hole.
One pit is dug under two cubes at once.
The bottom of the pit is concreted. In it, releases of reinforcement are made to fix the cubes.
To protect plastic containers from floating during a flood, they are placed in a reinforcing piping and fixed to outlets at the bottom of the pit.
After insulation with foam plastic, the entire structure is poured with concrete at the level of the neck of the cube.

Video instruction for arranging a septic tank for a garbage disposal facility:

many owners country houses wondering whether it is necessary to equip a septic tank under the bath? The answer is definitely needed. This facility will allow for the disposal and treatment of wastewater. A septic tank is especially needed for a bath with a toilet, because such drains require high-quality, effective cleaning and processing. Without such a treatment plant, the bath will not be able to function properly. If you are using not a septic tank, but sewer well, then you will have to pump it out too often. In our article we will tell you how to properly equip a septic tank under the bath. And the video at the end of the article will help you understand the process more clearly.

The device of septic tanks for a bath with a toilet and without it is somewhat different:

In a dumping facility without a toilet there is no need to provide a special filtration system in the septic tank. In this case, it is enough to equip a well made of concrete rings without a bottom on a layer of gravel and crushed stone, and the drains will themselves filter into the soil.
Septic tank under the bath with a bathroom should be made in the form of a multi-chamber structure. The first sealed chamber-sump is needed to collect feces, and the following compartments perform filtering functions.

Worth knowing: septic tanks for home and baths are single-chamber and multi-chamber.

Metal barrels without a bottom cannot be used in places where groundwater is high. It is better to choose such a septic tank material for sandy soils.
Plastic barrels with holes for filtration. This option is also not suitable for high GWL (groundwater level). They can only be mounted on sandstone.
You can make a simple septic tank from concrete rings.
Some types of septic tanks are made of monolithic reinforced concrete.
A small sump can be built from car tires.
Sometimes one or more PVC cubes are used to equip a treatment plant.

Important: the dimensions and depth of a septic tank for a house or a bath are selected individually. If the septic tank does not provide for the use of a drainage pump for pumping wastewater into the general sewer, then it is necessary to provide a place for the entrance of a sewage truck.

Choosing a place for building

If you decide to build a septic tank for a bath with your own hands, then you should pay special attention to choosing a place to install it. When choosing it, adhere to the following rules:

To facilitate the connection to the sewer, it is better to locate a septic tank near the house.
From water sources located on the territory of the site, the treatment plant should be located at a distance of 20-25 m.
From the residential building, the septic tank should be at a distance of 10-15 m.
If the GWL on the site is high, then the choice of location should be approached with particular care.
The septic tank under the bath should be located in such a place that a free access for a vacuum truck is provided to it.
The pipe leading from the bath to the septic tank should not be connected to it at an angle of more than 120 degrees. Otherwise, problems may arise with the connection and laying of the pipeline.

On clay soils and in areas with a high level of standing groundwater, filtration of wastewater from the bathhouse into the soil is not possible. In this case, you need to use other types of assignment. For these purposes, a storm sewer or reservoir is suitable. You can also build a gutter in the form of a tray with a concrete bottom. On sandy soils, it is advisable to arrange a filtration absorption well, because this type of soil quickly absorbs large volumes of water.

Wastewater treatment plant without pumping

There are many options for an independent device of such a treatment plant. In addition to them, you can use ready-made treatment plants. However, their price is rather high. Such designs are designed for different volumes of effluents.

Principle of operation

Effluent from the bath through the pipeline enters the first compartment of the structure. Here, the heavier and denser components of the effluents settle to the bottom.
In addition, wastewater in the first chamber, where there is no oxygen, is subjected to primary treatment by anaerobic bacteria. These microorganisms live in conditions without access to oxygen, so such a chamber is a favorable habitat for them.
When the level of liquid waste in the first compartment reaches the overflow mark, the water flows by gravity into the second compartment.
If the device of the second chamber does not provide for a bottom, then the treated effluents are filtered through a layer of gravel and crushed stone into the soil. If the septic tank under the bath has a bottom in the second chamber, then the drains are discharged through a special pipe into a filtration well or ditch.

It is worth noting that during the life of bacteria, effluents decompose into gas and water. As a result of the activity of anaerobic organisms, methane gas is formed, for the removal of which a ventilation duct is needed. To populate the septic tank with special microorganisms, ready-made biological products are used.

Wastewater treatment plant from reinforced concrete rings

To properly make a septic tank for a bath of concrete rings, you do not need to dig too deep a pit. When performing work, the following sequence of actions is followed:

Digs two holes next to the size of concrete rings. For such a small structure, 1-2 products are enough. In this case, the diameter of the pit should be 20 cm larger than the diameter of the ring.
After the installation of the first concrete product, the bottom of the pit is poured with concrete to a height of 100-150 mm.
After that, the installation of the second ring is carried out. Bitumen or bituminous mastic is used to seal the seams between the rings.
Now the sewer pipeline is being laid and the cover of the structure is being installed. In this case, a hole for the hatch should be provided in the cover. The first structure will serve as a sump.
Now we carry out the installation of rings in the second pit.
We cover its bottom with crushed stone with a layer 150 mm thick.
Waterproofing the seams in the second chamber is not necessary.
The chambers are connected to each other by means of an overflow pipe. It should go at an angle from the first to the second chamber.
The second compartment is covered with a lid without a hatch.

Important: a septic tank under a bath without a toilet can be made from one chamber, consisting of two concrete rings and a bottom covered with gravel.

Tire construction

They dig a pit with a depth of at least 2 meters. Its diameter depends on the dimensions of the tire. It should be 15 cm larger.
The tires on the inside are cut a little so that after laying several elements on the inside there are no such embossed protrusions.
Tires are stacked on top of each other, forming a vertical well.
A pipeline with a cross section of at least 100 mm is laid to the well. At the same time, it should pass below the soil freezing mark and go downhill from the garbage disposal facility to the well. If a two-chamber design is used, then an overflow pipe is installed between the two wells, going at an angle from the first to the second structure. To install pipes, holes are cut in the side surface of the tires.
The bottom of the first well is concreted. And the bottom of the second structure is covered with rubble.
The gaps between the wells and the walls of the pit are filled with a mixture of crushed stone and sand, and then carefully rammed.
Wells must be closed with covers made of suitable material.

PVC cube septic tank

Quite quickly and cheaply, you can make a septic tank under the bath from eurocubes. They are iron or PVC. The second option is cheaper. Installation of cubes is performed as follows:

The neck of the cube is cut to install a tee there. All joints are carefully sealed.
On one side surface of the cube, a hole is made with a diameter equal to the cross section of the supply pipe. This hole should be at a distance of 25 cm from the top of the container.
On the upper surface, a hole is made for the installation of a ventilation pipe. It is attached to the tee.
After that, holes are made in the two-chamber septic tank for overflow. In the first cube, it should be 150-200 mm lower than the hole through which the drains enter the septic tank. And the hole for the overflow in the second cube should be 200-250 mm lower than this hole.
One pit is dug under two cubes at once.
The bottom of the pit is concreted. In it, releases of reinforcement are made to fix the cubes.
To protect plastic containers from floating during a flood, they are placed in a reinforcing piping and fixed to outlets at the bottom of the pit.
After insulation with foam plastic, the entire structure is poured with concrete at the level of the neck of the cube.

Video instruction for arranging a septic tank for a garbage disposal facility:

If on suburban area available separately standing bath, then it is imperative to take care of the removal and disposal of the resulting effluents. An ordinary cesspool is not quite suitable for these purposes, especially if there is also a toilet in such a structure. High-quality cleaning of liquid waste can only be provided by septic tanks for a bath.

The choice of a septic tank for a bath

When buying an autonomous sewer system for bath and laundry complexes, showers or saunas, the following factors must be considered:

The volume of wastewater sent to cleaning device. The septic tank must have sufficient capacity to process all incoming liquid waste. For these purposes, mini septic tanks with a small capacity are well suited.
The presence or absence of a toilet in the bath. If there is no toilet, then only gray wastewater will come from the bath. Then you can install a simple treatment device, after passing through which, the effluents will be sent to additional soil treatment. Sometimes they mount a septic tank for a bath with a toilet, such equipment can perform deep biological treatment. Topas brand equipment is suitable for these purposes.
Distance from the main residential building. If the bathhouse is located near housing, then you can install a single septic tank for the bathhouse and the house.
Soil quality and groundwater level. The ability to create a filter field depends on these indicators. If the site is located on clay soil or a quicksand, it may be cheaper to buy and install a deep cleaning septic tank.

In most cases, to dispose of wastewater from a bath, it is enough to purchase a simple two-chamber septic tank without pumping. Thanks to a multi-level filtration system, high-quality cleaning of liquid waste is carried out.

Such devices are non-volatile and very easy to maintain. The price of a septic tank for a bath is usually below average. The best option is the purchase of a septic tank with a solid plastic container. Such products have sufficient strength and durability.

How to buy a septic tank for a bath

To buy a septic tank for a bath that performs high-quality wastewater treatment, it is better to contact specialists who for a long time engaged in the sale and installation of such equipment. There are many nuances that only professionals can know about. For example, it is imperative to carry out soil surveys to find out the possibility of creating a filtration field or a well for additional cleaning.

The company "Septic Topas Plus" provides an opportunity to profitably buy a durable and reliable cleaning device. Call or leave a request on the site to get detailed information about available models, conditions of purchase, delivery and installation. Our specialist will come to the site free of charge to inspect and sign the contract, after which the installation will be completed within one day and a guarantee will be provided.

When arranging local sewage in a country house, the owner of the site has to take into account the complexity of using sewage equipment for pumping wastewater from cesspools. A septic tank for a bath, do-it-yourself installed on suburban area, allows you to do without calling the employees of special auto facilities.

The traditional Russian banya is often built even without special facilities for wastewater treatment. Soapy water flows into the hole under the floor of the washing compartment through the gaps between the boards. But in modern baths make a concrete floor and often combine in one building a bathroom, a bath, summer kitchen and other premises requiring competent drainage. Under these conditions, a water purification and filtration system is needed - a septic tank.

If there is no toilet in the complex of outbuildings, then a pit for the disposal of water, which is produced by a bathhouse in the country ( simple septic tank) may consist of a single chamber of sufficient volume to contain the fluid that enters it during hygiene procedures. When combining a bathroom and a bath, you will have to build 2-3 cameras:

the first - for the accumulation of feces;
the following are for filtering liquid effluents.

In what cases is a conventional drainage pit suitable?

A drainage pit is a deep well into which relatively clean drains from the bath merge. When designing this variant of a septic tank, it is necessary to take into account the level of groundwater on the site. Suitable for sandy and other light soils with deep subsoil aquifers the simplest option drainage pit from a steel barrel with a capacity of at least 200 liters. Holes are made in the bottom and walls of the container for the penetration of liquid into the soil.

On a site with a high standing of hot water, drainage pits should be deepened to 3-3.5 m and the walls should be impermeable (filled with concrete, etc.). In this case, effluent filtration will occur below the GWL. Due to the fact that bathing procedures are not carried out too often, and the water contains mainly soapy residues, wastewater treatment takes place in the rubble layer and the soil itself.

The main criterion for choosing a device for a multi-chamber septic tank or drainage pit is the nature of the drains:

when disposing of water only from the bath, you can build drainage pit;
if drains from the toilet will flow into the septic tank, a drainage pit cannot be built.

How to correctly calculate the volume of a septic tank?

To calculate the size of the septic tanks, you need to determine the approximate daily volume of effluents. For a bath, they are about 100 liters for a family of 2-3 people. For normal operation of the tank (without overflow), the calculated volume is increased by a factor of 3 and taken as 300 l (0.3 m³).

It is believed that filtration of the drain and its complete departure from the tank are possible only after 14 days. The required volume of the septic tank chamber must be calculated taking into account this factor and multiply the daily flow by 14. The calculated cubic capacity of the chamber will be 4.2 m³.

In practice, the capacity may be smaller: the bath is most often taken 1-2 times a week. If the septic tank is planned only to drain waste from bath room, then the calculated value can be reduced by about half.

Turnkey solutions (factory septic tanks)

Choosing household systems industrial water treatment, it is easiest to focus on the number of family members: in technical documentation this number is also indicated. For a family of 2-3 people, compact models (for example, Triton-mini) are suitable.

The peak load that such a device can withstand is about 500 liters. Comparing the capabilities of a septic tank with the calculated needs makes this choice justified: compact models are inexpensive and completely ready for installation. They consist of 2 chambers, which provides high quality cleaning from soap and surfactants, hair and other contaminants. The level of purification is at least 75%, and the water entering the soil no longer harms the environment. The principle of operation of the device is mechanical sedimentation and filtration of the drain.

With large volumes of drains and connection to the toilet system, it is better to choose equipment with the capabilities provided for this. Larger volume and fecal effluents will require the installation of Unilos, Topas, etc. septic tanks. These models are supplemented with filters and settling chambers.

All household sewage models are made of light and durable plastics, durable and do not require complex maintenance. The decomposition of even fecal effluents occurs due to natural processes and the pumping of accumulated water during correct installation and no operation required.

How to make a septic tank for a bath yourself?

If you plan to collect only bath water, then a simple septic tank is easy to do on your own. Used for wall cladding different materials, which keep water inside, directing it to the deep layers of the soil. When using such structures, there is no swamping of adjacent areas. Pumping water from a homemade septic tank is not performed.

Option 1: septic tank made of reinforced concrete rings

A do-it-yourself septic tank for a bath can be made from ready-made concrete rings of large diameter. Having calculated the required volume, buy 2-4 rings of the desired size. A pit is dug under the reinforced concrete products in such a way that the drain pipe from the bath passes below the soil freezing level and with a slope towards the septic tank.

After that, the height of the rings (1-2 pieces) that will be installed in the settling chamber and the thickness of the cushion under the structure (at least 20 cm) are taken into account. The diameter of the pit should be 20-30 cm larger than the size of the rings.

The second chamber - the filtration chamber - is dug, taking into account the fact that the overflow pipe connecting both pits should be located just below the lower edge of the drain (from the bath). Other calculations roughly correspond to the previous ones, but it is desirable to bring the pillow up to 50 cm.

The construction of a septic tank is carried out in stages:

Dig 2 pits at a distance of 1 m from each other. The depth must correspond to the calculations made.
A cushion of crushed stone and ASG is placed in the settling chamber, compacted and leveled. 1-2 rings are lowered there. The joint of the rings is sealed. The bottom is poured with a layer of concrete with a thickness of at least 10-15 cm.
The filtration chamber is equipped on a thicker cushion to provide better drainage and drainage into the deep layers of the soil. After installing the rings, at least 15 cm of crushed stone filtration layer is poured inside. The joint of the rings is not sealed.
Pipes are laid from the bathhouse and between the chambers, observing the slopes from the building to the septic tank and from the first chamber to the second.
After completing the installation of the chambers, make the ceiling overlap from the boards, and then concrete it over the reinforcement with a layer of at least 15 cm. During concreting, it is possible to provide for the installation of pipes for possible cleaning (pumping) from the bottom to the surface in both chambers. The thickness of these communications is 10 cm, for the convenience of connecting the special vehicle hoses. In addition, a ventilation pipe must be installed in the ceiling of the filtration chamber. It should not be immersed in water and is located directly in the ceiling. Above the soil, ventilation rises no more than 30 cm.
Fill the structure with soil. On top of the septic tank, you can plant plants with a shallow root system.

A two-chamber system with a sump can be used on any soil and is suitable for connecting drains from the toilet, but a different calculation of the volume will be required, taking into account more liquids.

Option 2: cesspool filter

A septic tank that will collect only bath drains can be made single-chamber. After making calculations of the volume, they dig a pit, taking into account the required depth drain pipe(below freezing level). A layer of crushed stone about 50 cm thick is laid at the bottom of the pit and compacted well. The walls can be reinforced with brick or masonry, concrete, reinforced concrete products (rings, puffs, slabs, etc.). After that, pour another 15-20 cm of a filtration layer of crushed stone onto the bottom.

Such a pit should not be completely closed: gradually the gaps between the particles of rubble will become clogged with soapy residues and the pit will have to be cleaned using special equipment. The drain from the bath is quite clean, so pumping out will be required only 10-15 years after the start of operation of the pit.

The head of the well must be brought to a height of about 30 cm above the ground so that melt water and precipitation do not get into the container. Cover the mouth of the pit with a reliable hatch.

Option 3: a septic tank for a bath from a barrel

A large barrel of fuel and lubricants (200 l) can serve as a reliable sewer device if the family is small and bath drains do not exceed 70-80 liters. The pit is dug so that the outlet of the drain pipe is 20-25 cm below the upper edge of the barrel.

For the manufacture of a septic tank from a barrel, a leaky metal product or a failed water container is suitable. The bottom and cover must be removed, the cylindrical part should be lowered into the pit on the prepared crushed stone pillow. Pour crushed stone and inside the container by 10-15 cm. Install a drain, make a ceiling from a sheet of steel or boards, fill the septic tank with soil around the perimeter. plastic barrel it is necessary to strengthen it in the ground with reinforcement, passing it through the walls.

As a chamber, you can use not only a barrel, but also euro containers for the transportation of liquid cargo (cubes with lids). They have different volume. Several rows of holes are made in the walls in the lower part and an entrance for the pipe is cut through.

Option 4: a septic tank for a bath from car tires

Tires of large diameter (from KAMAZ and larger) are used to strengthen the walls of the pit according to the technology described for concrete rings. Rubber products are simply laid out on top of each other, the joints are not sealed.

From tires, you can make a full-fledged septic tank with several cameras or just a filtration pit.

Which is better - buy a ready-made septic tank or make it yourself?

The difference between purchasing a factory septic tank for a bath and building it yourself is only in price. Structures made of concrete rings can also be expensive, so other materials are most often used for wall decoration. But with proper design and calculations, even do-it-yourself treatment facilities cope with the task of treating wastewater no worse than industrial plastic containers.

The decision on which septic tank to prefer is made on the basis of considerations of the appropriateness of the costs of purchasing equipment or digging a hole on their own.