What to make the floor in the vegetable pit. Do-it-yourself vegetable pit: site selection, technology and construction stages. The principle of the ventilation system

Hello! Today, like, let's talk about how to build vegetable pit . There are many types of storage for vegetables: cellars, cellars with a cellar, pantries, cellars, .... But most of us build a vegetable pit in the pantry, garage, under the loggia, in garden houses, ....

All of them must meet the same requirements: be dry, well insulated and have good ventilation. Everything! The rest, one might say, is a matter of technique.

Let's start in order - from the main. The main thing, in my opinion, is the choice of a site where the level ground water below the floor of the proposed hole. If not, then it is better to immediately abandon the construction. In my opinion, even the caisson will not be able to help you out. The first is the high financial and construction costs. Second, water will still find a loophole over time. Even the same condensate.

In advance of "events", I want to say that try to avoid the use of metal in the open structures of your storage.

Dealt with water. Further we dig a ditch required dimensions. In the pit we make a trench under the foundation, pour rubble (10 cm) and sand (5 cm) into it. We compact and concrete. Just in case, it would be good to make a pit with a depth of about 0.5 m. It is also better to concrete the floor with a layer of 5 cm, laying a plastic film.

Next, we lay out the walls half a brick thick and coat them outside with hot bitumen. The ceiling is best made in the form of a brick vault, laying the bricks edgewise according to the pattern from the board. You can just concrete the ceiling. To do this, we make a flooring from boards at the right height, lay roofing material on it, lay reinforcement and concrete.

In the process of installing the ceiling, do not forget to leave room for a hole, with an emphasis on the cover and ventilation holes. We coat the finished ceiling with bitumen and thoroughly insulate it with foam plastic, slag, expanded clay, ... and concrete it.

Now about ventilation. I advise you to make a separate supply and exhaust ventilation by placing them in the corners diagonally of the pit. Pipes are better to use asbestos-cement or plastic diameter 10 -15 cm. One pipe (supply) starts 20 cm from the floor of the pit and exits 20 cm above the level of the upper cover of the manhole. , …).

It is desirable to install valves on the pipes to control the air flow. Close the upper end of the inflow with a mesh so that mice do not enter your hole, .... Equip the upper end of the hood with an umbrella to protect it from atmospheric precipitation. The space between the covers can be insulated with foam, hay bags, sawdust, .... For several years I used a bag of dry leaves.

A vegetable pit in the garage will always be needed, because you need to store food. It's actually quite a comfortable place.

And you don’t need to think about how to insulate a vegetable pit in the garage, because it is below ground level and there will be the most optimum temperature. Today we will tell you how to build a vegetable pit in the garage in accordance with all the rules and provide for everything.

Also on this topic, you can see photos and videos and understand what is being done and how.

Vegetable pit: manufacturing features

The construction of a vegetable pit in the garage begins with choosing the right place where the groundwater level will be respectively lower than the intended pit, because this important condition. If, however, there is no such place, then it will be necessary to think about waterproofing (see).

After all, garages, as a rule, do not have a large area and the choice of location will not be large. All work will be done by hand and therefore everything must be done efficiently and correctly.

Attention: The price of the design will depend on the direct cost. Therefore, it is better when groundwater is located as far as possible.

So:

As soon as the issue with water is resolved, you can start digging a pit, which naturally should have the required dimensions, and a trench is made in it for the foundation, after which crushed stone is poured. All this needs to be rammed and concreted.
Now you need to lay out the walls one and a half bricks thick, coating them with hot bitumen. Here we need to make a quality masonry. Remember that there will be a car on the ceiling of the pit and it should not be carried out.
If there is a desire, then the ceiling can simply be concreted, as many owners often do.

Attention: As soon as you begin to deal with the installation of the ceiling, you must not forget that you need to leave room for the manhole, ventilation holes, so be extremely careful. You should also remember about the setting of the car. The wheel pair should pass as far as possible from the hatch.

Masonry in this embodiment is done on cement mortar. To do this, for example for M300, it is necessary to provide for the ratio of sand and cement 3/1.
When laying bricks, it is necessary to monitor the dressing. The seam must not match. Otherwise, the design will not last long.
After laying the walls, let them dry completely. And after that we proceed to the manufacture of the ceiling. To do this, we need a channel and fittings. Also, do not forget about the shalevka. It will be needed for formwork.
We cut the shalevka in a size equal to the width of the pit. Preferably without a gap.
We spread it on a flat plane and knock it into a shield.
Now we need to make supports. Any logs are best suited for this.
We put a shield and support it with logs. We got it wooden ceiling in the hole.
Now we cut the channel and reinforcement in right size. This is done with a grinder and a cutting wheel.
We put a channel around the perimeter of the pit and weld it together.

Attention: The vegetable pit in the garage must have an entrance. It is made in the form of a hatch. Therefore, think over the dimensions in advance and prepare edged board. You will need it for entry equipment.

After making the strapping from the channel, we need to make a frame for the hatch. It is made from the 50th corner. You will then get a recess of 50 mm. This is just right for a plank hatch.

We put reinforcement on the strapping of the channel. After that, we install the frame for the hatch and weld it all together.

Now we make concrete. Just mix the solution with rubble. It should not be thick, all pores must be filled and there should not be air ducts in the ceiling.

Fill the grate and empty it all dry for a couple of days. After that, a screed is made on the upper part.

If you have harsh winter. Then it is worth insulating the ceiling of the pit. The top just needs to be pasted over with foam plastic or mineral wool. Then the cold will definitely not penetrate.

Ventilation and its features

It is best to create either supply or exhaust ventilation, as these options are great for this. It is necessary to use special pipes, which must have the desired diameter.

Valves will need to be installed on the pipes, they are needed to regulate the air flow, while it is important to note that you will have to close the upper end of the inlet with a mesh, so that mice, rats and other rodents will not enter the pit, so this condition is the most important.

I would like to add that with regard to the upper end of the hood, it must be equipped with an umbrella, it will protect the room from precipitation, and as for the space between the covers, then know that it is usually insulated with materials such as foam or sawdust.

Here you decide what to do, in any case, carrying out such work, you will know for sure that you are doing everything efficiently and effectively. And over time, you will be able to decide on the choice of insulation, the main thing to remember is that you must protect the cold and think about good ventilation, because only then will your stocks please you in excellent condition.

Waterproofing In the event that the groundwater level is high, in the place where you want to equip the pit, then in any case, you will need to create a circular drainage system, remember this. To enhance the waterproofing, the walls of the cellar can be laid with two layers of slate.
thermal insulation If you wish to know about ideal insulation of cellar walls (see), then it is best to carry out such work on both sides, i.e. with external and internal. But here external insulation is not always possible, because the pit may appear after the object has already been built, which means that it will only be necessary to carry out internal insulation, you can do the work with one or another tiled insulation that is resistant to high humidity.
Floor arrangement Crushed stone and sand must be laid at the bottom of the pit, the pillow that you receive must be filled with hot bitumen, or any similar material.
Installing a hood in a viewing hole

In the event that there is no vegetable pit, but you regularly repair a car, then ventilation in the inspection pit is necessary, it, in turn, can be either natural or forced (see), there are no special restrictions here. All this must be considered during the construction of the garage.

Attention: If, viewing hole is used constantly, then know that its ventilation should be a prerequisite. To do this, you can install winter period time small fan, can also be installed and special system hoods.

Conclusion

As a rule, many men want to use the garage for all needs, not only for repairing their car, but also for storing vegetables, pickles, this room also plays the role of a workshop (see). This means that you definitely need to think about creating a hood in the garage, ventilation of the vegetable pit, so you can eliminate dampness and cold, providing the room with only fresh air.

You now know how to make a vegetable pit in the garage and the instructions will help you with this. The most important thing here is to do everything qualitatively. Then the machine will be safe and the products will not deteriorate.

Get a rich harvest of vegetables own dacha- great if there is a place to save it. To accommodate harvested crop you can make a vegetable hole.

The simplest storage for vegetables in your own country house is carried out without the use of expensive materials, and the simplest tools will be needed.

Choosing a place for construction

The place for the vegetable pit must be chosen correctly

To make the vegetable pit serve you well for a long time, you need to choose the right place for it.

What to consider when choosing:

Builder Tip: before starting work on arranging a storage for vegetables, it is recommended to complete at least its simplest project. According to a pre-drawn plan, it will be much more convenient to navigate while doing the work.

Basic requirements for construction technology

There are several key requirements to the vegetable pit

Consider the basic requirements for the construction technology of a vegetable pit:

Choice of dimensions

When implementing the project, it is necessary to indicate in it the dimensions of the future pit. Ideally, its depth should be approximately 2-2.2 meters, width - 1.5. It will be quite comfortable to be in it, and the temperature can be easily maintained at +5 degrees.

This is optimal for storing vegetables - they will not deteriorate and will retain maximum useful substances. Humidity must be maintained at 90% - vegetables will not wrinkle and dry out.

Waterproofing

If the groundwater level fluctuates at around 1-1.5 meters from the surface, and it is difficult to choose another place for the pit, you can try to arrange drainage system. In some cases, it may also be necessary to arrange good waterproofing.

Of course, this will result in some costs both in terms of finance and labor. But if you neglect this stage, you should prepare for the fact that sooner or later the water will find a loophole for itself and penetrate inside.

Take note: even if the walls of the pit are flooded concrete mix additional waterproofing must be provided.

bottom device

Sand and gravel are laid at the bottom, then bitumen or other similar material is poured onto this pillow. Flooring best arranged in the form reinforced concrete slab. If it is impossible to provide such an option, strong boards are laid on the base.

Important to remember: ventilation must be ensured in the pit.

Ventilation

Most simple option is a building natural ventilation, for which two pipes are used, placing them on different height from the floor surface in the garage. One pipe is supply, the other is exhaust, and their outer ends should be brought out as high as possible.

This ensures a constant supply of fresh air. This helps keep the vegetables fresh for longer.

Materials and tools

For the construction of a vegetable pit, a set of certain materials and tools is required

To perform the work, you will need the following tools and materials:

shovels;
buckets for lifting the earth up;
container for mixing the solution;
fasteners (nails or screws);
hammer or screwdriver;
floor boards and covers;
crushed stone;
sand;
cement;
metal corner;
insulating material.

Stages of building a vegetable pit with your own hands

To get started, check with the project prepared in advance and dig a pit in accordance with the dimensions indicated in it. The easiest option is to make a recess in the ground with sides of 1.2X1.4 m, a depth of 2 m. The work should not be done alone, but with an assistant.
When the foundation pit is ready, it is necessary to strengthen the walls as best as possible. No matter how convenient the composition of the soil is for work, over time the earth can crumble, and your cellar will be littered.
Therefore, it is necessary to make the bottom of concrete as carefully as possible, and set the corners of the future cellar metal carcass. A corner made of metal is best suited as a material - a frame is made from it around the entire perimeter of the structure.
A barrier is installed between the frame and the wall of the future cellar, which protects against crumbling earth. It is a fine mesh netting.
A frame is laid on top of the frame, the task of which is to hold the lid. It can be made from boards on which they strengthen thermal insulation material. The lid should adjoin the frame as tightly as possible - so cold will not get inside the pit.

Features of the device in the garage

The device of a vegetable pit in the garage requires additional conditions

For example, when strip foundation work will be carried out differently than with a stove. Best Option- plan a place to place the cellar even during the construction of the garage. Then it will be possible to leave a fortified hole in the base for the subsequent arrangement of the pit.

What to consider when building a pit in the garage:

The floor level in the garage where the pit is being built should be 30 cm higher than the foundation.
Make sure that when manipulating the integrity of the base, the building itself will not be harmed.
You should not choose large dimensions for the pit - a depth of 1.7 m and sides of 2 m each is enough. The stages of arrangement are almost the same as the construction of a vegetable pit in an open space.

Take into account: when making a vegetable pit inside the garage, one must take into account the method of arranging its base.

Before starting work, try to make as many as possible detailed plan works. This will make it easier for you to complete each of the steps, in addition, when compiling, you can consult with knowledgeable people and change the plan according to their comments.

With careful and careful following of the technology, you can independently arrange a good structure in the country that will allow you to keep the crop for quite a long time and will last for many years.

AT video instructions you can see how to make a vegetable pit in conditions of close groundwater:

At the end of the gardening period, the problem of long-term storage arises vitamin blanks. It is not difficult to get a suitable place for crop placement by equipping a vegetable pit - it can be placed under the house, in the basement, garage, and even under the loggia. Your supplies will stay fresh for a long time without any energy consumption. It is quite possible to equip such a storage for vegetables on your own, while you can use the most simple tools and materials.
The most convenient to use is the so-called underground - a vegetable pit in the house or in the garage, because it does not take extra bed on the site, moreover, it will be much more convenient to use such storage for vitamin preparations, including in the cold, than in the cellar on the street.
Site selection and subsequent planning
First, you need to decide on the choice of the place where it is planned to equip the vegetable pit. Traditionally, it is equipped under a pantry in a private house or under garden house. For residents apartment buildings it is possible to organize a convenient storage place by equipping a vegetable pit in the garage.
It is important to note that with the seeming simplicity of the design, it is not enough to simply dig a pit to equip this type of cellar. If you are interested in information on how to make a vegetable pit, you must take into account the following information.
When planning construction, it is necessary to take into account a number of points:
so as not to damage accidentally lying in the ground electrical cable or pipes, you will need to make sure that there are no laid engineering communications in this place. From this point of view, it is more convenient to equip a hole in the basement or garage;
soil features should be determined - it is important to collect information on the level of placement groundwater on the planned construction site (for this you may need to seek help from a specialist). In order for the structure to be sufficiently durable, it is necessary to select a place with a level of groundwater below the bottom of the planned storage - at least half a meter. If they are located close enough, you should not ignore this problem - in this case, you will need to equip reliable system waterproofing (otherwise you can get a vegetable pit, regularly heated with water). Such an arrangement will entail significant financial and labor costs, and water can still find a loophole and eventually seep inside;
in the vegetable store, you will need to provide a suitable temperature and humidity regime. So that the fruits do not wrinkle and dry out, a humidity of 85-95% is optimal, as well as temperature regime slightly above zero (2 to 5°C). Storage in these conditions will protect products from spoilage and allow them to retain the maximum of useful substances. A thermometer placed there will help to monitor the temperature in the vegetable pit;
to ensure the flow of fresh air into the storage, it is necessary to equip it with ventilation - bring the supply and exhaust pipes outside;
in addition, in order to exclude the germination of vegetables during storage, it will be required that in this room it was dark.
How to build a vegetable pit with your own hands
Having decided on the most suitable place for a vegetable store, you will need to pick up suitable project. A vegetable pit in the garage with your own hands can be arranged next to the viewing hole, separating them with a partition. according to personal preference and financial opportunities, for the construction of a vegetable pit, you can use wood, concrete plates or a brick. Metal is less suitable, since in such a cellar it will be quite difficult to establish a suitable temperature regime.
Next, you need to draw a diagram of the arrangement of the future vegetable store in order to calculate the amount necessary materials. After that, you can start working. It is not difficult to build such a vegetable pit with your own hands.
In this case, you will need to plan and equip:
Reliable waterproofing - in the case when groundwater lies near the bottom of the vegetable pit, it will be necessary to organize a circular drainage system. If there are additional foundation walls, they must also be provided with waterproofing. For example, the walls of a vegetable store can be equipped with two layers of slate with a layer of bitumen.
Insulation - walls and ceilings are usually built of brick or concrete blocks. At first glance, this material seems impenetrable - however, the concrete includes many microcracks through which moisture can penetrate into the vegetable pit. Wet slabs freeze in the cold, so insulation is required. To insulate a vegetable pit, you can use the following materials:
heated bitumen applied in two layers will help insulate the vegetable pit and create reliable waterproofing ceiling;
glass wool - after pre-installation of vapor and waterproofing, using this material it is easy to insulate the walls and ceiling with high quality (further, the glass wool surface should be covered with slate or clapboard);
wooden blocks (logs) or insulation boards (for example, foam plastic) - they should be fixed with a drill on self-tapping screws, and then the cracks and joints should be treated with mounting foam;
mortar based on a mixture of sawdust and cement at the rate of 1:8. This mixture should be applied to the walls, as well as the ceiling of the vegetable pit with a layer of 15-20 cm. After waiting for the complete drying of the insulation coating, after a few days it should be plastered;
heat-insulating paint - its 1 mm layer will create a vegetable pit insulation similar to the installation mineral wool 5 cm thick.
Ventilation that provides a suitable microclimate in the storage. The simplest option is to place two pipes in different corners of the vegetable pit, which will provide supply and exhaust ventilation of the room. For this, asbestos-cement or plastic pipes with a diameter of 0.1-0.15 m. The supply pipe should be placed in such a way that it starts at a height of 0.2 m from the floor surface, and at the same time rises from the outside above the ceiling of the vegetable pit (also by 0.2 m). exhaust pipe should be brought into the subfloor to the ceiling and brought out above the roof as high as possible (at least 0.5 m above the roof of the pantry or garage). By installing valves at the ends of the pipes, in the future it will be possible to regulate the power of the air flow. To prevent the entry of pests, cover the air ducts with fine mesh metal mesh. To protect against precipitation, special umbrella caps should be fixed over the outer ends of the pipes.
Stages of work
The sequence of actions for the construction and arrangement of a vegetable pit may look like this:
first you need to dig a pit with dimensions exceeding the planned ones by 0.5 m. The depth of the pit for storing vegetables is usually from 1.8 (optimally - at least 2.5) to 3 m. Next, you should dig a trench under the foundation;
to equip the base of the vegetable pit, it is necessary to level the bottom of the pit and lay a pillow from the layer broken brick and crushed stone, or crushed stone and sand (respectively, 10 and 5 cm). Each layer should be carefully compacted;
the prepared base will need to be poured with heated bitumen. Next, you need to install metal fittings and execute concrete screed. In addition, the base of the vegetable pit can be poured with concrete, having previously installed a layer from below waterproofing material(for example, polyethylene film). Such a base will protect the storage from moisture penetration. Sometimes the floor of the vegetable pit is covered with wooden boards;
Next, you need to build walls. To do this, you can lay out brickwork as thick as a brick or half a brick, or build concrete walls. In this case, the following should be taken into account - in order for the walls of the vegetable store to effectively resist the lateral pressure characteristic of an earthen pit, the concrete should be tied with steel reinforcement bars;
then you need to coat the walls with hot bitumen. In addition, you can insulate them by installing a layer of suitable thermal insulation material. After that, you can start finishing walls - you will need to reinforce them with a mounting grid and plaster;
the ceiling of the pit can be made of bricks laid on boards - or you need to build concrete floors, having prepared the formwork, installing a reinforcement frame in it and pouring it with concrete. Holes for ventilation holes should be provided in the ceiling, as well as space for descent equipment, and a stop for the cover should be installed. The manhole is recommended to be placed in the middle of the ceiling - in this case, the hole will remain more space for arranging racks and shelves along the walls;
then it is necessary to insulate the ceiling by smearing it with bitumen and laying a suitable heat-insulating material (for example, foam plastic, slag or expanded clay).
To equip a vegetable pit, you can build shelves from boards or install plastic racks, as well as place boxes stacked on top of each other in it.
metal vegetable pit
In the presence of high level groundwater on the site, you can equip a metal vegetable pit. For this, it is best to use finished container- for example, to purchase part of the tank. Alternatively, you can use a piece gas pipe with a diameter of 1.8 m (its design provides for a waterproofing layer - you only need to weld the ends, and the container for equipping a place for storing vegetables will be ready). Next, you should dig a suitable pit. Having placed the prepared container in it, PVC drainage pipes with a diameter of at least 0.2 m should be installed vertically on the sides of it, and the space should be covered with a sand and gravel mixture. This measure will prevent the displacement of the container under the action of groundwater.
If in the future water appears in the drainage pipes, it will need to be pumped out using a pump. When arranging a metal vegetable pit Special attention should be given supply and exhaust ventilation- otherwise, condensate will accumulate at the bottom, which can have a detrimental effect on the condition of the vegetables placed in it for storage. Pipes should be equipped with dampers and welded, leading them under the ceiling of the tank, so that the exhaust tower rises 3 m above it, the supply one - 1 m. By placing a salt container in such a pit, you can significantly reduce the air humidity inside. The ceiling of such a storage facility will need to be insulated.

User engineer Nikolay Zagrebin made in his homeland, in the village, an excellent vegetable pit. On a forum where people are busy and production of cellars using nanotechnology, , , normal good vegetable pit, at first glance, you will not surprise anyone. However, everyone liked Nikolai's cellar. The fact is that he built it from materials that are in any village - a wagon and a small cart. It took several meters of pipes to build different diameter, sheets of used slate, a sheet of iron and, as a heater, a sheet of foam.

Nikolai, with the help of his brother, dug a 2x2x2 hole, welded a pipe frame, lined the cellar from the inside slate sheets used. The pipes have been painted. A sheet of iron was placed on top, covered with two sheets of foam plastic 50 mm thick, covered with earth with a layer of about 3 cm.

Nikolay did not dig in vertical pipes and did not put them on anything - there is a lower perimeter of pipes, which will protect vertical pipes from subsidence. The engineer installed a vertical pipe (it is installed in the middle for attaching shelves) to a metal plate measuring 12x12cm.

The cellar successfully overwintered for several years. The design proved to be quite viable. If you decide to take it into service, keep in mind this: if you make holes in two opposite pipes-racks, in one at floor level, in the other near the ceiling, and extend them outward, then there will be a supply and exhaust in your cellar. Insulate the openings on the street so that frost does not form inside in winter. And one more thing: before backfilling, do not forget to lay a cable channel from the corrugation for the light bulb wire.

Zagrebin:

- I decided to make a hole out of what was. I bought the pipes in chermed, and the slate was old, 7-wave, 1.7 m long. To make the most of the space above the pit, I decided to make a gazebo (a roof over the pit is still needed). Before you start making the same hole, I will talk about its disadvantages:

1. In winter, frost forms on the ceiling and upper pipes, respectively, all this then melts and drips onto vegetables.

2 . The pipes are rusting despite being coated with mastic.

3. It is necessary to check and insulate upper part pits, because the soil on the walls sags and places unprotected from the cold appear.

There are many more pluses, and today I would make exactly the same hole.

The pit becomes a full-fledged cellar after the installation of shelves and the organization of a vegetable storage system. As a rule, the width of the shelves in the user's cellar is a multiple of three-liter jars, and the height, as they say on the forum, is “a matter of religion”: the lower ones are made in such a way that plastic boxes for storing root crops are placed, the third and higher - 8-10 centimeters to the height of two - or a three-liter jar.

Material for shelves: corners for vertical and horizontal parts, boards for shelves 30-35 cm long, placed across (such boards are easy to find even for free).

Shelf boards will need to be dried and treated, for example, with sauna varnish.

a40:

- I use shelves 45 cm wide. 50 would be better. I think this optimal size. Fits three 3-litre bottles or four to five smaller cans. From wider shelves it will no longer be convenient to reach the extreme row.

The height is equal to the height of a three-liter bottle + 5 cm. Normally so. +10 cm would be a little better, no more needed.

Wend

I He divided the two-meter height of the cellar into three parts, so that, if anything, a bag could be put there. And for three-liter cans, he provided niches in brickwork, four niches for six cans each.

Over time, many forum users began to replace wooden shelves with ready-made plastic racks - some specifically waited for sales in hardware stores and building supermarkets. The tree is still a short-lived material: there were cases when the shelves collapsed, the banks broke, the blanks disappeared.

VVViktor:

- For a long time I used shelving from metal corner With wooden shelves. But do not cover the tree with anything, there is moisture in the cellar, which means inevitable mold. It ended up that the corner was used for other needs, a tree for firewood, and instead bought three plastic racks 500 mm deep and 1000 mm wide. The shelf height of 400 mm allows not only to squeeze a can, but also to put smaller cans in the second row. Shelves - how many you buy. It is possible in any building supermarket.

The current legislation will allow the construction of a cellar and on garden plot(up to eight square meters). Read about how to do this in this. This one will introduce you to many types of cellars: choose the right one. By the way, the cellar can be equipped with a lift, this is especially true for the elderly - design options are discussed on the forum. And here is an excellent video about the construction of a cellar in conditions of high groundwater: this problem is being solved, and, importantly, on our own.