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FROM The modern development of the construction of private houses is increasingly resorting to the construction of two or three-story houses. Therefore, the construction in a private house is an important point. Of course, you can turn to specialists in its construction, but we recommend building it yourself.
Staircase to the second floor in a private house
The staircase, as a complex building element, has its own characteristics and mandatory constituent elements. Consider the composition of the stairs to the second floor of a private house:
- The balustrade is the railing of the stairs.
- Balusters - railings in the form of small columns, a child's head should not pass between them, therefore maximum distance does not exceed 15 cm.
- Railings - railings.
- Pillars - supports for beams and ceilings.
- Bolts - metal bolts that are needed as fastening steps to the walls.
- March - rise from the steps. For him, the slope is important, since the safety of the stairs depends on it.
- A bowstring is a supporting column for holding the stairs in a given position and adjusting its load. Depending on the use of the bowstring, a bowstring ladder or a stringer ladder is distinguished. The bowstring uses grooves, and the stringer uses a special form for laying steps.
- Riser - vertical part support steps.
- Transitional platform between marches.
- The step itself, consisting of a tread and a riser.
Stairs to the second floor in a private house are most often made of wood, as it is environmentally friendly. pure material looking stylish and attractive.
Video: beautiful stairs to the second floor
Features of different types of stairs
Wooden stairs to the second floor of a private house can be of two main types. Let's explore each of them below.
Spiral stairs
This type is usually chosen when the space for its installation is limited or small. The minimum size of the site for it may be limited to one and a half meters. There are limitations for this option - several people cannot use it at the same time - only one, and it also makes it difficult to lift bulky and voluminous objects along it.
- A comfortable and safe staircase is paramount, so check out optimal parameters tilt, turn and step size.
- Steps should not be less than 20 cm wide - such minimum dimensions ensure the convenience of walking along it.
- The angle of elevation is a maximum of 45 degrees, otherwise it will be inconvenient.
- Consider the degree of load and choose suitable material. For residential suitable at home non-slip coating with a load of up to 350 kg per square meter.
- If there are children in the house, make the stairs as secure as possible - watch the distance between the beams and increase the level of the fence.
- The optimal span width is 1 meter plus or minus 12 cm.
- To calculate, use the method of substituting the stairs of a right-angled triangle with the parameters you are interested in. The leg of the floor will need to be divided by 20 cm (minimum step width) and thus the number of steps will be obtained. The height of the step is calculated by the formula for the height of the rise divided by 10-12 cm. You can determine the width yourself.
For the manufacture of stairs, you will need some useful tips:
- It is not necessary to draw a drawing yourself, you can find ready-made ones on the Internet and adapt them for yourself or take a ready-made one.
- If you make the parts yourself, then use only wood quality breeds wood, dry. Parts must be perfectly polished and exactly match the parameters of the drawing or finished patterns.
The second floor allows you to significantly increase the area of \u200b\u200bthe house without increasing the space it occupies, but without a ladder it is impossible to get to the second floor. In this article, we will talk about the various options for stairs that are used in brick, stone, block or wooden houses, and also describe the sequence of actions for building a simple but beautiful single-flight staircase with decorative railings.
Types of stairs
All stairs connecting the first and second floors can be conditionally divided by:
- Span type:
- single-march;
- multi-march.
- Shape:
- straight;
- screw;
- corner;
- curly.
- Material:
- wooden;
- metal;
- combined.
Selecting the type of stairs
The choice of the type of stairs is influenced by many factors, such as the height of the floor, the ability to create complex structures from various materials, the presence of free space around the future stairs and many others. If you decide to make a staircase yourself, then first of all you should evaluate your skills as a carpenter and welder, this will help you choose the material from which the staircase will be made. If you are a good welder, you can make stairs of any complexity from metal and any other materials. If you are a good carpenter, you can build a wooden staircase of any complexity. Not all people have such talents, so do not despair, if you do not know how to cook or carpentry properly, this will not prevent you from creating a simple, but beautiful and reliable staircase connecting the first and second floors.
Having decided on the material from which you will build the stairs, proceed to the choice of its design. Below we give a list of the main requirements that must be taken into account when choosing the type and size of stairs, this will allow not only to build it, but also to make the stairs comfortable and safe:
- the angle of elevation of the stairs is 30–45 degrees;
- if there is a cover above the stairs, then the distance from any step to it should be the same and be 2–2.2 meters; if there is no cover, then the distance to any obstacle at any point should not be less than 2 meters;
- railings must be rigidly fixed, and their height is 80–100 cm;
- the optimal width of the stairs is 1 meter;
- optimal step depth 30 cm;
- the optimal step height is 15 cm;
- there must be sufficient free space in front of the bottom and top steps of the stairs (at least 2m²).
One of the main parameters that affects the choice of the type of stairs is the angle of its rise, which is 30–45 degrees (optimally 40 degrees). At an angle of 45 degrees, the length of the space occupied by the stairs will be equal to the height of the floor plus 1-2 meters. An additional distance is necessary in order to make it convenient to use the stairs, because you will have to not only walk along it, but also bring furniture. If there is such free space - optimal choice- a one-way staircase. Its advantage is in its small width - with a step width of 1 meter, the width of the stairs along outside railings do not exceed 120 cm. If there is no free space of this length, you will have to build a multi-flight, screw or corner staircase, which are much more difficult to manufacture. In addition, the width of the free space for spiral or multi-flight stairs is approximately 2.5 step widths, and the length of each flight with spans reaches the height of the floor. Width spiral staircase is 2.5–3.5 meters, this is due to the need to use wider steps, moreover, it is the most difficult and expensive to manufacture.
Construction of a wooden single-flight staircase
Below we describe the construction of a staircase with a step width of 1 meter, an elevation angle of 45 degrees and a height from the floor of the first floor to the floor of the second floor of 3 meters. Such a staircase provides a comfortable and safe ascent to the second floor, looks very nice and is relatively easy to manufacture. It can be installed both in brick or stone, and in wooden house With wooden floors first and second floors. You can purchase all the materials for its manufacture at the nearest hardware or hardware store, where you can also buy all the necessary tools.
Tools and materials
For work you will need the following materials:
- planed board 50x250 mm (two pieces of 5 meters each);
- bar 50x50 mm (12–15 meters);
- bolts 11–13 cm long, 5–8 mm in diameter, nuts and 2 washers for them (108 pieces of bolts and nuts, 216 washers);
- planed board 35x150 mm (40 meters);
- planed board 35x115 mm (22 meters);
- turned balusters 100–110 cm high and 50 mm in diameter (26–32 pieces);
- supporting pillars with a section of 10x10 cm and a length of 100–110 cm, balusters of the appropriate size (4 pcs) can be used;
- railings straight embossed 50–80 mm wide (15 meters);
- steel corners with a shelf length of 10 cm (12 pcs);
- anchor bolts, nails and self-tapping screws of various sizes;
- wood putty;
- parquet varnish;
- acetone or solvent;
- wood glue.
You will also need the following tools:
- jigsaw;
- grinder;
- screwdriver with a Phillips bit;
- wood saw;
- drill with perforation mode and a set of drills;
- feather drill with a diameter of 20mm;
- hand mill or milling machine;
- a set of chisels;
- wrenches corresponding to bolts and nuts;
- square;
- protractor;
- pencil;
- roulette,
- hammer and mallet;
- sandpaper;
- brush;
- rubber gloves, respirator and goggles.
Manufacturing and installation of stairs
If you are going to install a staircase, make sure that the floors of the first and second floors do not require repair, because otherwise they may not withstand the load and collapse, as a result of which not only the staircase, but also the person on it will fall. Then measure the exact distance between the floor of the first floor and the floor of the second floor, then use the Pythagorean theorem to find the length of the kosour (bearing board) of the stairs. With a height of exactly 300 cm, the length of the kosour is 424 cm. If you are not satisfied with the angle of 45 degrees, then do the calculations yourself, school knowledge is enough for this. After all, the staircase forms right triangle, where the vertical leg is the height, the horizontal leg is the space occupied by the ladder, and the hypotenuse is the length of the stringer.
Then calculate the number of steps.
Remember if there are more than 18 steps, it is advisable to use a different staircase design, because the stringer without supports will not be able to provide the necessary rigidity.
Having decided on the calculations, mark the boards of the kosour, the corners of which must correspond to the angle of the installation of the stairs, taking into account overall length these details. Make no mistake, because if you make a mistake, you will either have to increase the angle of the stairs or buy new stringer boards. After marking and double-checking everything, cut the ends of the boards and apply them to the installation site of the future ladder to make sure that you did not mix anything up. Both boards should stand at the required angle and fit to the floor surface of the first floor and the end of the floor of the second floor without gaps.
Remove the kosour boards and start marking the steps. We offer the simplest method of fastening steps, which does not reduce the strength of the stringer and does not require special carpentry skills, enough attention, care and diligence. Steps made from two 35x150mm boards will support 50x50mm bars attached to the stringer, and the front steps will cover risers - vertical boards measuring 35x115mm. The steps will be attached with self-tapping screws, and the risers with nails. If you do not feel sorry for self-tapping screws 70-80 mm long, then the risers can be attached to the stringer with their help. As a result, the steps are 26.5 cm deep and 15 cm high, which ensures high comfort during the ascent or descent from the stairs.
Before starting the marking, imagine the device of each step, then sketch it. If you could imagine and sketch them, proceed to markup. Determine the length of the bars so that they do not interfere with the risers and do not protrude from the back of the stringer. Then mark the position of the bars, taking into account the height of the steps. Remember, the first step should start with a riser resting on the floor. When you are done with marking, make a template for drilling holes in the stringer and bars, or mark all the holes manually on both the stringer and bars. Postpone all work with the stairs for 1-2 days, then double-check all the markings, if there are no errors, drill holes for installing bolts in stringers and bars. When all holes are ready, outer surface stringers, drill holes for washers so that the bolts do not stick out above the surface of the board. This will not only increase the safety of the stairs, because no one will be scratched by protruding bolts, but also make it more beautiful.
Despite the fact that many carpenters assemble a ladder of this design with nails, we recommend using bolts and nuts. Nails required size(120–150 mm), with inept handling, bars are often split, which is why they often have to be changed. This happens especially often when bending nails from the side of the bars. If you hit nails from the side of the bars, bending them on the stringer, then the latter will have to be sheathed with veneer or plywood, which increases the complexity and cost of the work, because, unlike even round holes, bent nails are very difficult to putty. Having finished with the installation of the bars, start marking the boards of steps and risers. Riser and back board length 100 mm, front board length 110 mm. This is necessary so that the steps look embedded in the stringer, because this design looks more beautiful and reliable. All boards must be cut at an angle of 90 degrees.
Finished with cutting milling machine or manual cutter work the top front edge of the front board to give it a rounded or curly shape, because a step with a clearly defined top front corner looks ugly. If you cannot do this work yourself, contact the nearest carpentry workshop or furniture workshop, for a small fee, everything will be processed quickly and easily for you. necessary boards. After that, mark and cut the outer boards so that they protrude evenly over the stringer. The next stage of work will be the installation of balusters and railings on the kosour, for this, round spikes with a diameter of 20 mm and a depth of 3–5 cm are cut at the ends of the balusters, and holes corresponding to them are drilled in the kosour and the underside of the railing. All holes and spikes must be made taking into account the angle of the stringer. When everything is ready, the kosour, balusters and railings are assembled into one structure, first dry, then, if everything is fine, assembled with glue. Next stage- installation of stringers and adjacent end balusters. For fastening to logs and floor surfaces use metal corners and powerful screws. Then the risers and steps are installed and fixed. When the entire staircase is ready, the horizontal parts of the railing are installed, then the entire structure is sanded, dusted and varnished in several layers.
If you are planning to build a two-story a private house or country cottage, then at a certain point in the construction you will need to take care of the construction of the staircase to the second floor. Not everyone can make a staircase with their own hands - for this you need to have certain carpentry skills, and some experience, as well as enough free time. Wouldn't it be better to take advantage of an advantageous and.. offer from our professional company in Moscow. We offer stairs for every taste, color, style and economic opportunity of our customers. And with the current price list and with 100 magnificent photos of designs you can find in the presented article.
100 photos of the most beautiful stairs for every taste
Before starting to get acquainted with the incredible variety of ladder systems from domestic manufacturer in Moscow, let's get acquainted a little with the theory - and what kind of stairs exist in nature.
Types of ladder systems depending on the design
So, stair structures to the second floor are divided into the following types:
screw
Spectacular and compact products, complex in manufacturing method, but with a magnificent view. Their main advantage is small size, allowing you to arrange the structure even in a very small area of \u200b\u200bthe room.
Photo 1.marching
This type of ladder structures is the most common and in demand. This is explained by the simplicity of the circuit, reliability, conciseness and relatively low cost.
Photo 2.Combined
This type of stairs is a great way out for those who wish to combine the advantages of the two types listed above - compactness from a screw design and practicality from a marching system.
Photo 3.Types of stair structures depending on the material
Today, modern manufacturers offer consumers incredible amount all kinds of ladder systems from materials such as:
- Wood various breeds;
Photo 4. The cost of wooden stairs is also very different, it all depends on the value of the wood. For example, an oak product with railings self made will cost much more than a ladder made of beech or spruce - Marble and other natural mineral;
Photo 5.- Ultralight metal alloys;
Photo 6.- Forged construction;
Photo 7. Forged stairs are grandiose and magnificent. The high cost of such work is more than compensated by the incredibly spectacular appearance of the product.
Photo 8.- Combined designs that include several materials at once in one product - wood, metal, stone.
Photo 9. Stair structures, combining several types of manufacturing materials at once - this is a real work of art that can transform your home beyond recognition Our specialized enterprise in Moscow offers its customers modern, safe and beautiful staircase designs for every taste. In the assortment of the company you will find a huge number of already finished products, and you can also order a staircase according to an exclusive original project.
Photo 10. Spectacular and quality products from the company "Stairs Profi" will fit perfectly, both in modern and in classic interior Huge selection of inexpensive stairs in Moscow
In the huge and diverse catalog of our company are presented finished stairs attractive and favorable prices classified in the following areas:
- modular designs;
Photo 11. Modular system will fit perfectly into any modern interior
Photo 12. Wooden stairs - stylish, reliable and environmentally friendly - stairs for cottages;
Photo 13. Stairs for cottages will certainly decorate the interior of your home - structures of the second floor;
Photo 14.- products to order;
Photo 15. Order a ladder from us and you will transform your home beyond recognition - spiral staircases;
Photo 16.- products with forged elements
Photo 17. Stairs decorated with forging are always in trend - metal constructions and other types.
Photo 18. metal stairs suitable for a stylish country house Staircase designs for every taste
Photo 19.
Photo 20.
Photo 21.
Photo 22.
Photo 23.
Photo 24.
Photo 25.
Photo 26.
Photo 27. What kind of stairs do not exist in nature - order an exclusive design for yourself
Photo 28. The staircase will create coziness and emphasize the style of your home.
Photo 29. Wood is the most versatile stair material.
Photo 30.
Photo 31.
Photo 32. Straight staircase in the style of "minimalism"
Photo 33.
Photo 34. designer construction second floor
Photo 35. cozy wooden staircase for a country house
Photo 36.
Photo 37.
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Photo 39.
Photo 40. One of the incredible design solutions
Photo 41. Classic is always in fashion Photo 42. Photo 43. Photo 44. Forged products - grandiose and magnificent
Photo 45. Photo 46. Photo 47. Photo 48. Photo 49.
Photo 50. The price of a ladder product depends on many factors - the complexity of the design, the cost of the material, the exclusivity of the design
Photo 51. Ladder with wide steps and a slight bend is absolutely safe to use
Photo 52. Thanks to forged elements, the design looks light and airy.
Photo 53.Price list for stairs from a company in Moscow
Let us consider in more detail with the indication of prices for each of the types of stairs presented by our company, indicating their current price.
Modular stairs
Photo 54. Modular staircase "Duet" with steps made of natural oak
Photo 55. Construction "Duet" with steps made of beech - an economical and effective product for your interior Modular stairs series "Elegant" - a great solution for stylish interior at affordable prices below:
Photo 56.56 335
rub.
Photo 57.50 390
rub.
Photo 58.51 321
rub.
Photo 59.44 290
rub.
Photo 60."Prestige" with a turn of 180 degrees - price 47 160
rub.
Photo 61. Direct "Prestige" - 42 748
rub.
Photo 62."Solo" of a direct design - a stylish and effective product at a reasonable price 70 858
rub.
Photo 63.78 498
rub.
Photo 64. 180 degree turn design "Modern" - exclusive and fashion design per acceptable price 125 262
rub.
Photo 65. Staircase with a turn of 90 degrees series "Modern" cost 120 030
rub.
Photo 66. Product "Super Elegant" with 180 degree rotation has a price 108 277
rub.
Photo 67.113 118
rub.
Photo 68.wooden stairs
This type of stair products will appeal to those who appreciate natural wood, simplicity and reliability of the design. The material used for the manufacture of these stairs is environmentally friendly, beautiful and reliable.
The dream of every person is a modern, comfortable and functional home. The owners of multi-level apartments or several storey buildings have another task - to ensure convenient and safe movement throughout the entire space of a residential building. Therefore, the stairs to the second floor should not only fit perfectly into the concept of the home, complement the interior of the house, but also be a safe, comfortable and functional addition to the room.
Types of stairs and nuances
The choice of the type of stairs directly depends on the space of the room.
- Yes, classic marching ladder design, requires a lot of space. However, the space occupied by the stairs can be used by enterprising owners as a pantry or additional storage cabinets.
Design options for stairs to the second floor
Having decided on the type of future staircase design, it is necessary to carefully consider its design. Since the stairs in the house are one of the first objects that are first noticed, they must match the overall style of the interior. Beautiful stairs to the second floor in a private house are the first sign good taste his owners.
Classic style
A feature of the classical style is refinement, the use of natural (mostly expensive) materials in decoration, abundance decorative elements.
Materials that are used to decorate the staircase in classical style:
- wood (oak, beech, larch, and other "noble" species);
- stone (mainly marble, onyx, granite);
- forged metal.
Since the manufacture of such a staircase design involves the use of expensive and high-quality materials, it would be appropriate to use the services of a designer. In this case, several projects of beautiful stairs to the second floor will be offered, taking into account all the client's suggestions and the intended style direction of the interior of a private house.
One of the options to inexpensively (at a price) equip your home with a beautiful staircase to the second floor, in a classic style, is to use finished project offered by our experts. It is enough just to submit an application for measurement and creation of a 3D project according to the calculations indicated by the measurer.
The specialists of our company "Ladders Master", located in Moscow, will do everything quickly, efficiently and most importantly - inexpensively.
For prefabricated metal carcass staircase design, which provides the necessary stability and ease of movement, steps are attached from the selected material, the railings are decorated.
One of important elements stairs, made in a classic style, are railings. It is this part of the staircase design that allows you to adhere to the required artsy classics.
Apart from standard set components of the decorative elements of the railing of the stair structure, it is possible to manufacture and install them according to individual project. So, the price of one decorative rack starts from 1159 rubles. Modern style
Stairs in modern style are concise geometric shapes, a combination of non-standard materials, a minimal presence of decor.
Materials used to decorate the stairs to the second floor in a modern style:
- wood;
- glass;
- metal (mostly chrome).
AT modern interior stairs can be the main decorative element in a private house.
Glass, in a modern interior, is used not only for equipping stair railings, but it can also be the main material for the design of steps.
Smooth geometric lines, the absence of decorative elements that "clutter up" the overall picture - this is another distinctive nuance of the modern interior.
One of the selection rules beautiful stairs for a private house, cottage or multi-level apartment - this is a combination of colors in the interior. The color of the stairs to the second floor should be in harmony with the color of the furniture or the main colors premises.
Modern- one of the most common interior styles, so our specialists have created a special series of staircases under the same name "Modern", which will fit into any, even the most intricate design of a private house.
Stairs made by our specialists decorate not only private houses, but also cafes.
Turning stairs on the second floor of the "Modern" series, installed in small cafe, fits into the interior of the institution with the same style. The cost of construction - from 120030 rubles. Thanks to design, now even concrete staircase on the second floor does not look bulky.
Options for the original design of the stairs to the second floor
The boundless imagination of designers and the owners of multi-tiered apartments and houses themselves allows you to create and design truly unique and original staircase designs.
The staircase of the SuperElegant series, worth 108,904 rubles, looks good in a loft interior. Stair structures are used not only to move between floors, but also to visually and functionally delimit the areas of the room. The specialists of our company "Stairs Master", located in Moscow, have prepared original project called "Three-tiered bedroom" and successfully brought it to life.
The staircase of the Elegant series, installed in the bedroom, divides the room into several zones. The price of such a design is about 51,321 rubles. In order for the stairs to the second floor to harmoniously fit into the interior of the room, its appearance and design are thought out along with the entire design of the room.
If there are children in the house, the staircase structure can be combined with a slide.
If the lifting height is small, there are many opportunities to modify the staircase structure in an original way.
For those who want originality in the interior, the staircase can be a highlight.
The highlight can be as the design itself ...
So are some of its details.
Fans of abstract art will appreciate the design of such a staircase to the second floor.
Modern technologies allow us to take a broader look at the boundaries of what is accessible. So, the staircase to the second floor made of glass, wood or stone, mounted on a bolt, seems to be hovering in the air.
Ideas for the functional use of understair space
Since the stairs in the house take up a lot of space, enterprising owners try to get the most out of the occupied space. Here are some good photo examples:
- the space under the stairs serves as a frame for cabinets and wardrobe;
Staircase in "total wite" design, under which cabinets are mounted - ergonomically and tastefully! - in a library or office, a staircase to the second floor can partially replace a ladder;
- in a staircase closed on all sides by walls, under the steps can be mounted drawers for storing things;
- the space under the stairs is quite suitable for installing musical equipment, a TV;
- in the kitchen, under the stairs, you can build in the necessary appliances and cabinets, thereby unloading the space of the room;
- under the stairs you can place a collection of wine, making a beautiful wine cellar with lighting;
- under the stairs you get a great place for solitude and relaxation;
Construction of a two-story private house, cottage or cottage - profitable solution to expand living space. For savings usable area in such buildings, small-sized stairs are installed. Such designs differ in the number of steps and the forms of marches. Wherein compact ladder to the second floor must meet the requirements of practicality and safety.
Stylish and compact staircase configurations
Small stairs are installed to save money usable space. In their manufacture, they make it so that the steps are located as close to each other as possible, but it is convenient to move along them. It is necessary to carefully approach the choice of model in order to install the safest design in your home.
Even such a compact staircase can look very organic.
Special meaning has the shape of the opening and its width. The choice of the type of construction of small dimensions depends precisely on these indicators. The dimensions of the steps and are the main data that should be considered. It is important to figure out which types of structures are best suited for small spaces.
Single-march
Single-march models are the simplest. However, when installing such stairs to the second floor, you can save space. The minimum required space for a 3-meter floor height is 80x180 cm.
Designers decide for this on various non-standard solutions. For example, these include models in which the treads are narrowed on each side. 
Stair structures with one march can also be folding and retractable.
Swivel
Models with turns of marches are installed in a corner or against a wall. The platforms in them play the role of an element necessary for a turn. Turns are performed by 90° or 180°. Two marching stairs They do not take up much space, but it is quite convenient to go up and down them. winder steps in such cases are simply irreplaceable. The minimum occupied space at a 3-meter floor height is 160x180 cm.
lucky corner solution for a small area Thanks to the installation of such a structure, the narrow passage to the second floor is more elegant. In comparison with direct marches, when moving, you have to change the direction of movement. There are other differences as well:
- Compactness. They do not take up much space, while the parameters remain optimal.
- Convenience - it is convenient to move along them even with a large object in your hands.
- Aesthetics. Corner products look interesting and neat.
- Safety. According to this indicator, rotary products are safer than screw ones.
screw
Small-sized screw models are popular today. These structures are installed both in multi-level apartments and in country houses. The ease of use of such structures lies in the observance of the rules of ergonomics - the movement up and down is comfortable, and no dead zones are created under the steps. It is more profitable to place such a staircase to the second floor of the house in a small area. Minimum dimensions in plan with a floor height of 3 m - 130x130 cm.
Steps are attached to a vertical rack in a spiral. One of the main advantages of screw products is the elegance of forms. They are made of metal or wood - in any case, they are able to fit into a modern interior.
However, screw products have their drawbacks. For example, if a person carries a large object in his hands, it will be uncomfortable to go down. wooden models give the home a cozy atmosphere.
folding
If you have to go upstairs infrequently, it is better to install in country house construction folding type. It is perfect for the attic. Its advantage is the ability to fold if necessary. Small-sized retractable models are attached to the hatch on the ceiling. You can easily tilt the structure, and then push it back. For attic maintenance folding design- perfect option.
It is allowed to install such a model in any area of \u200b\u200bthe house. Its choice depends only on the location of large-sized furniture. In addition, the installation of a folding model does not affect the interior.
There are several varieties of such products:
- telescopic;
- retractable;
- folding;
- sectional.
The width is usually close to that of conventional side structures. As a rule, it is 60-65 cm. With a large slope, it will be possible to go down it only with your back forward.
When choosing suitable type designs of small dimensions look at overall design premises. The main thing is that it is durable, ergonomic and safe. Such a small staircase for summer cottages they are mounted where the attic is rarely used. Efficiently install similar designs in houses with ceiling heights up to 3 m.
Small Solutions
If it is necessary to install a ladder that would not “hide” the space and be as convenient as possible, pay attention to small-sized structures. There are several types of such products that can meet the requirements of practicality and reliability.
Modular designs
When installing modular lifts on the second floor, you can experiment with the interior and choose various options assemblies. They can be made by hand, which is the main advantage. Modular designs are screw, spiral, L- and U-shaped. They may also be rounded. The modular system allows you to give the stairs any shape in terms of, and adding the right amount elements allows you to dial an arbitrary height.
Install them in openings different widths and length. It is important to install correctly modular ladder The safety of residents depends on this. At the same time, attention is paid to living in the house of persons with disabilities - children and the elderly.
Choose a modular staircase with a small opening to the second floor in accordance with the following recommendations:
- Before choosing, measure the area of \u200b\u200bthe room and find out the dimensions of the opening.
- It is better if the structure is equipped with a railing that will ensure the safety of movement.
- For ease of ascent and descent, stairs without risers are chosen - this ensures comfort when setting the foot.
- The design of the structure is created taking into account general style premises.
With small platforms and compact turns, it is easy to save living space. First they pay attention to the safety of the product, and only then - to its appearance. Modular structures are installed in a house where you need to move quickly between floors. Often this design is chosen for installation in a bath.
Staircase "goose step"
Among the single-march structures, it is worth highlighting the goose step staircase. It does not take up space, but also does not restrict movement when ascending and descending. When changing the dimensions of a march, it is important to keep optimal width stride and incline range. If even when choosing extreme values, it is not possible to create an ascent to the second floor, it is not worth saving space for arranging stairs.
The design difference is the alternate narrowing of the tread on each side. This allows you to create comfort when moving, while leaving the length of the march relatively small.
This design can be the highlight of the whole interior. The goose step ladder is designed for comfortable movement in confined spaces. For such models optimal slope– 50° – 60°. Their width is reduced to 60-80 cm. At the same time, the ratio of the height of the riser and the width of the tread in such designs is rather unusual. If you transfer it to an ordinary single-flight staircase, moving along it would be unsafe.
Important Convenience and Safety Issues
When installing stairs to the second floor small house it is important to combine the design with the background style of the interior. There are also some requirements to take into account:
- compact dimensions;
- safety;
- travel comfort.
The design should not be too steep - no more than 60 °. The slope is calculated based on the possibility of its use by children and the elderly. It is better to equip the structure with railings. The coating is chosen so as not to slip on it when moving. If the staircase is made of polished stone, you can lay a carpet on it.
Often, structures have to be made with a large slope - up to 75 ° degrees. At the same time, a rather large depth of steps is set. To increase the convenience and safety of the stairs, you can use the installation of handles that you can hold on to when going up and down.
Safety regulations:
- starting from the first meter, the stairs are equipped with a fence 90 cm high;
- gaps between railing posts should not exceed 10 cm;
- the width of the tread should be sufficient for comfortable setting of the foot - 25-30 cm;
- for the convenience of grabbing a hand, handrails are created with an optimal diameter - 32-60 mm;
- all steps must be the same height.
Optimal dimensions fences and handrails When designing a staircase to the second floor, it is important to take care not only of its ergonomics, but also of its functionality. Therefore, such structures are created according to individual drawings. You can do the calculations yourself with the help of free
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