Some regulatory documents confirming the need to check the effectiveness of ventilation systems:

1. GOST 12.4.021-75. SYSTEM OF LABOR SAFETY STANDARDS. VENTILATION SYSTEMS. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS.

(Excerpts)

1. GENERAL PROVISIONS

1.1. Ventilation systems for industrial premises in combination with technological equipment, emitting harmful substances, excess heat or moisture, must ensure meteorological conditions and air purity that meet the requirements of GOST 12.1.005-88, at permanent and temporary workplaces in the working area of ​​industrial premises.

In the serviced area of ​​administrative and amenity premises industrial enterprises, as well as in the premises of public buildings, meteorological conditions must be provided in accordance with the requirements of building codes and rules for the design of heating, ventilation and air conditioning, approved by the USSR State Construction Committee.

3. REQUIREMENTS FOR VENTILATION SYSTEMS

DURING OPERATION AND REPAIR

3.1.2. Scheduled inspections and compliance checks ventilation systems requirements of this standard must be carried out in accordance with a schedule approved by the facility management.

3.1.3. Preventive inspections of premises ventilation equipment, cleaning devices and other elements of ventilation systems serving rooms with rooms of categories A, B and C, should be carried out at least once per shift with the results of the inspection recorded in the operation log. Faults found at the same time are subject to immediate elimination.

2. SNiP 3.05.01-85 "INTERNAL SANITATION AND TECHNICAL SYSTEMS"

( excerpts)

VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING

4.16. The final stage of the installation of ventilation and air conditioning systems is their individual testing.

By the beginning of individual testing of systems, general construction and Finishing work for ventilation chambers and shafts, as well as to complete the installation and individual testing of the means of supply (electricity supply, heat and power supply, etc.). In the absence of power supply to ventilation units and air conditioning according to a permanent scheme, connecting electricity according to a temporary scheme and checking the serviceability starting devices carried out by the general contractor.

4.18. When adjusting ventilation and air conditioning systems to design parameters, taking into account the requirements of GOST 12.4.021-75, the following should be performed:

testing of fans during their operation in the network (determining the compliance of the actual characteristics with passport data: air supply and pressure, rotational speed, etc.);

checking the uniformity of heating (cooling) of heat exchangers and checking the absence of moisture removal through the drop eliminators of the irrigation chambers;

testing and adjustment of systems in order to achieve design indicators for air flow in air ducts, local exhausts, air exchange in rooms and determination of air leaks or air losses in systems, the permissible value of which through leaks in air ducts and other elements of systems should not exceed design values ​​in accordance with SNiP 2.04.05-85;

action check exhaust devices natural ventilation.

For each ventilation and air conditioning system, a passport is issued in two copies in the form of mandatory Appendix 2.

4.19. Deviations of air flow rates from those provided by the project after adjustment and testing of ventilation and air conditioning systems are allowed:

± 10% - according to the air flow rate passing through the air distribution and air intake devices of general ventilation and air conditioning installations, provided that the required air overpressure (rarefaction) in the room is ensured;

10% - according to the flow rate of air removed through local exhausts and supplied through the shower pipes.

4.20. In the complex testing of ventilation and air conditioning systems in the composition commissioning includes:

testing of simultaneously operating systems;

checking the operability of ventilation, air conditioning and heat and cold supply systems under design operating conditions with the determination of the compliance of the actual parameters with the design ones;

identifying the reasons why the design modes of operation of the systems are not provided, and taking measures to eliminate them;

testing of protection, blocking, signaling and equipment control devices;

level measurements sound pressure at calculated points.

Comprehensive testing of systems is carried out according to the program and schedule developed by the customer or on his behalf by the commissioning organization and agreed with the general contractor and the installation organization.

The procedure for conducting a comprehensive testing of systems and eliminating identified defects must comply with SNiP III-3-81. (Replaced by SNiP 3.01.04-87)

3. MU 4425-87 SANITARY AND HYGIENIC CONTROL OF VENTILATION SYSTEMS OF INDUSTRIAL PREMISES

(Excerpts)

1. GENERAL PROVISIONS

1.7. Existing ventilation systems should be regularly checked by the ventilation services or sanitary laboratories of enterprises within the following periods:

a) In rooms where it is possible to release harmful substances 1 and 2 hazard classes - 1 time per month.

b) Systems of local exhaust and local supply ventilation - 1 time per year

c) Systems general ventilation mechanical ventilation-1 time in 3 years

Control over compliance with the frequency of inspection should be carried out by sanitary and epidemiological stations.

In the case of reconstruction of ventilation systems, after a change in the technological process, equipment and restructuring of the premises, the check should be carried out immediately after the reconstruction, regardless of the timing of the control.

4. SanPiN 2.2.3.757-99 ENTERPRISES OF INDUSTRY, AGRICULTURE, COMMUNICATIONS, TRANSPORT. WORKING WITH ASBESTOS AND ASBESTOS-CONTAINING MATERIALS

(Excerpts)

4.6. Ventilation and heating

4.6.22. All ventilation units, both newly installed and put into operation after reconstruction or overhaul, must be tested to determine their effectiveness. According to the results of testing and adjustment, a passport must be drawn up for each ventilation system.

4.6.23. Ventilation units must be equipped with devices (hatches, fittings, etc.) for monitoring and measuring speed, temperature, etc. in air ducts, and regulating air volumes.

4.6.24. Testing, adjustment and adjustment of ventilation systems should be carried out in accordance with the requirements of SNiP "Sanitary equipment of buildings and structures" and GOST "Ventilation systems. Methods of aerodynamic tests".

4.6.25. Control of the operation of ventilation systems and dust-cleaning equipment should be carried out regularly. in accordance with the requirements of the "Instructions for sanitary and hygienic control of ventilation systems of industrial premises", guidelines"Sanitary and hygienic control of ventilation systems of industrial premises" and GOST "Nature protection. Atmosphere. Methods for determining the speed and flow rate of gas and dust flows from stationary sources of pollution."

4.7.1. Working area air

4.7.1.4. The frequency and frequency of planned sanitary control is established depending on the hazard class of the emitted harmful substances. When harmful substances of class 2 enter the air of the working area - at least once a month, hazard class 3 - at least 1 time per quarter.

Note: asbestos-containing materials are used everywhere, such as slate, asbestos-cement pipes, etc. etc.

5. RD 153-39. RULES FOR TECHNICAL OPERATION OF MAIN OIL PIPELINES.

(Excerpts)

Ventilation of industrial premises

4.2.94 Checking the efficiency of ventilation systems should be carried out in in due course and at least once a year.

6. RD

METHODOLOGICAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR SUPERVISION AT GAS FACILITIES

4.1. Supervision of the operation of gas facilities of industrial, municipal and agricultural enterprises and facilities

4.3.13. serviceability and compliance with the project ventilation performance in hazardous areas; availability of local suctions, use exhaust fans only in explosion-proof design, the presence of check valves on the air ducts of the supply system, equipment of the pumping and compressor department with emergency ventilation in addition to the supply and exhaust; the presence of blocking of fans of exhaust systems with electric drives of compressor pumps and other equipment installed in explosive rooms in accordance with the Safety Rules in the gas industry; the presence in the explosive premises of the GNS, GNP and AGNS of gas pollution alarms in the premises. Availability annual control check efficiency of ventilation systems by a specialized organization.

Note: In Omsk and Omsk region. put into operation a lot of gas boilers.

7. SanPiN 2.1.3.1375-03 HYGIENIC REQUIREMENTS FOR PLACEMENT, DEVICE, EQUIPMENT AND OPERATION OF HOSPITALS, MATERNITY HOSPITALS AND OTHER MEDICAL HOSPITALS

6.38. Preventive inspection and repair of ventilation and air conditioning systems of air ducts should be carried out in accordance with

approved schedule at least 2 times a year. elimination current faults, defects should be carried out without delay.

6.39. The administration of the medical institution organizes control over the parameters of the microclimate and contamination with chemicals air environment, the operation of ventilation systems and the frequency of air exchange in the following rooms - in the main functional premises operating rooms, postoperative, delivery, intensive care wards, oncohematological, burn departments, PTO, storage rooms for potent and toxic substances, pharmacy warehouses, premises for preparation medicines, laboratories, department of therapeutic dentistry, special rooms of radiological departments and in other rooms, in offices, using chemical and other substances and compounds that can have harmful effect on human health 1 time in 3 months; - infectious, including tuberculosis hospitals (departments), bacteriological, viral laboratories, X-ray rooms - 1 time in 6 months;

- in other rooms - 1 time in 12 months.

8. Federal Law No. 52-F3 ON SANITARY AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL WELFARE OF THE POPULATION

1. atmospheric air in urban and rural settlements on the territories of an industrial organization, as well as the air in the working areas of industrial premises, residential and other premises should not have a harmful effect on humans. Etc.

Note: There is a practice, the state sanitary doctor writes out an order to check the effectiveness of ventilation systems. The inspection is carried out by the sanitary and epidemiological station or other involved organization. Validity period for test results is accepted. systems 1 year. (according to the sanitary and epidemiological supervision).

9. SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96 Hygienic requirements for the microclimate of industrial premises

6.4. When ensuring acceptable microclimate values ​​at workplaces:

The air temperature difference along the height should be no more than 3°С;

The horizontal air temperature difference, as well as its changes during the shift, should not exceed:

In this case, the absolute values ​​of the air temperature should not go beyond the values ​​\u200b\u200bspecified in Table. 2 for certain categories of work.

6.5. At an air temperature at workplaces of 25°C or more, the maximum allowable values ​​of relative air humidity should not exceed:

70% - at an air temperature of 25°C;

65% - at an air temperature of 26°C;

60% - at an air temperature of 27°C;

55% - at an air temperature of 28°C.

6.6. At an air temperature of 26-28 ° C, the air speed indicated in Table. 2 for the warm period of the year, should correspond to the range:

6.7. Permissible values ​​​​of the intensity of thermal exposure of workers at workplaces from industrial sources heated to a dark glow (materials, products, etc.) must correspond to the values ​​\u200b\u200bgiven in Table. 3.

table 2

Permissible microclimate indicators

nand workplaces of industrial premises

		Air temperature, °С	Temperature	Relative	Air speed, m/s
	works by the level of energy consumption, W	range below optimal values	range above optimal values	surfaces, °С	air humidity,	for the range of air temperatures below the optimum values, no more	for the air temperature range above the optimal values, not more than**
Cold
	III (more than 290)
	III (more than 290)

*At air temperatures 25° C and above maximum values relative humidity air must be taken in accordance with the requirements of clause 6.5.

** At air temperatures 26-28° With the speed of air movement in the warm period of the year should be taken in accordance with the requirements of clause 6.6.

10. SP 1.1.1058-01. Sanitary rules. Organization and holding production control for compliance sanitary regulations and the implementation of sanitary and anti-epidemic (preventive) measures.

II. The procedure for organizing and conducting production control

2.4. Production control includes:

d) control over the availability of certificates, sanitary and epidemiological conclusions, personal medical books, sanitary passports for transport, other documents confirming the quality, safety of raw materials, semi-finished products, finished products and technologies for their production, storage, transportation, sale and disposal in cases provided for by applicable law;

III. Requirements for the program (plan) of production control

3.3. Scroll chemical substances, biological, physical and other factors, as well as objects of production control that pose a potential danger to humans and their environment (control critical points), in respect of which organization is necessary laboratory research and testing, indicating the points at which sampling is carried out (laboratory studies and tests are carried out), and the frequency of sampling (laboratory studies and tests are carried out);

Radek offers comprehensive services on objects of any category of complexity in Moscow and Moscow Region. We have a staff of experienced employees, as well as everything you need measuring equipment in order to check the effectiveness of this engineering network accurately, thoroughly and in a short time. As a result of the inspection, it is determined whether the ventilation system complies with the current sanitary, fire and other standards, whether the necessary air exchange and other parameters to be controlled are observed.

Our prices

Services provided	Price
(system forced ventilation, 1 office)	5000 rubles
Measurement of the air exchange rate in the room (forced ventilation system, clinic up to 100m2)	12000 rubles
Measurement of the air exchange rate in the room (forced ventilation system in a building/room with an area of ​​more than 100m2) (for every full and partial 100m2)	10000 rubles
Certification of the supply / exhaust ventilation system (for 1 system)	10000 rubles

When are ventilation systems required to be tested?

Measurements of key parameters of the functioning of ventilation systems are necessary in the following cases:

• During commissioning and commissioning. Immediately after the ventilation has been installed, it is necessary to set it up, check and start it up. In addition, new systems are undergoing certification, an integral element of which is a thorough check of operating parameters.
• During reconstruction. Reconstruction can mean complete replacement of all ventilation equipment at the facility, as well as a significant change in the structure (for example, commissioning new system air conditioning, due to which the performance indicators of the entire ventilation network have changed significantly). After the work is completed, measurements are taken to confirm the compliance of the new system with the standards.
• During regular periodic monitoring of equipment performance. In accordance with current regulations at various facilities, ventilation systems should be checked at regular intervals. General principle: the more dangerous the technological processes and the stronger the safety is related to the efficiency of the ventilation equipment, the more often checks are needed. So, in residential buildings, such an inspection can be carried out once every 3 years, while most industrial facilities undergo the procedure annually. For the same premises where toxic or radioactive substances are used in the technology, even a monthly check may be required.

What parameters are evaluated during testing of ventilation systems?

The specific checklist of checks that will be carried out at the facility depends on the purpose of this facility, technological processes, as well as the composition of the ventilation system. The most typical set includes the following parameters:

• . This is a conditional indicator that characterizes the number of complete air changes in the room per unit of time (usually per hour). The higher the concentration of harmful substances in the air, the higher the requirements for multiplicity.
• Air pressure in ventilation ducts and air ducts (air velocity). This indicator allows you to check the correct functioning of ventilation equipment, including active ventilation units - from a simple in-duct fan to a high-performance chiller.
• Volumetric air flow. At the sites where he works exhaust ventilation, systems of diffusers and air distributors are used, it is necessary to estimate how much air goes into ventilation grill or exhaust hood per unit of time.
• Separate indicators of the microclimate in the room. It should be understood that testing ventilation systems and checking the microclimate is different kinds research. However, some parameters need to be determined in order to evaluate the efficiency of the equipment. For example, the ventilation system is characterized by such an indicator as the air flow rate in the room.

Based on the measurements carried out, a conclusion is made about the work engineering systems: to what extent the actual indicators correspond to sanitary standards, and whether the ventilation system at the facility can be considered sufficient.

How is the work done?

To check the operation of the equipment, Radek engineers arrive at the facility, bringing with them all the necessary equipment. An electronic balometer used to measure air flow, a hot-wire anemometer used to check air flow and temperature, and other equipment can be used to evaluate performance. Are used electronic devices, allowing to evaluate the parameters of the air flow in the ventilation ducts and other devices. The work is carried out according to the following algorithm:

• preliminary study technical documentation to the ventilation system. When it comes to new equipment, preliminary calculations are based on the design documentation, if the ventilation is existing, the information recorded in the passport of the ventilation systems is taken into account.
• Gaining access by Radek specialists directly to the ventilation system. During field studies, all performance indicators are evaluated. The parameters obtained during the checks are recorded in the protocols. If necessary, ventilation ducts are examined. All work on the ventilation system is non-destructive and safe for the equipment.
• Calculation of calculated values. After the field stage, a cameral stage is carried out, during which engineers calculate the ventilation characteristics and compare them with the standard values ​​\u200b\u200bspecified in the project documentation or passport. Conclusions are drawn about the operation of the equipment and compliance with established standards.
• Registration of the act. Based on the results of the work carried out, a detailed report is drawn up according to the established methodology, in which all certain indicators are given, after which a conclusion is made. If no problems are found, a conclusion is made that all ventilation elements are functioning correctly, and the ventilation system can be used safely and in accordance with the standards. If problems are identified, a list of works aimed at eliminating the identified problems will be recommended.

Depending on the characteristics of technological processes, ventilation checks can be carried out either comprehensively (at the entire facility) or only in some rooms.

Air conditioning and ventilation: is there a difference in terms of verification?

AT modern conditions the ventilation duct can perform the functions of delivering conditioned air to the premises. The objects are increasingly being implemented central air conditioning, which works inextricably linked with ventilation.

Therefore, if such a solution is implemented at the facility, the evaluation work must be carried out comprehensively, evaluating all the parameters of the work. The procedure for assessing the efficiency of the system, in the presence of air conditioning units, is somewhat different, since attention is paid not only to air movement indicators, but also to microclimatic characteristics (temperature, air humidity, etc.)

Radek company: your confidence in the correct operation of the systems

Our company combines three key benefits: staff with impressive experience, availability of everything necessary equipment and strict adherence to regulations. As a result, by contacting us, you will receive:

• A smart solution in a short time so that you can use the system smoothly. The act drawn up by our specialists will become reliable protection from any claims from regulatory authorities.
• Minimum hassle. Our experts know how to work neatly and discreetly, so inspections, even at functioning enterprises, are carried out without significant complications for the business.
• Thoroughness and accuracy of all measurements. We will check every ventilation duct and grate outlet to make sure there are no problems with the systems. Therefore, our verification is not just a formality necessary to verify the protocol, but an opportunity to identify real problems.
• Impeccable documentation. Our reports and acts are recognized without any problems government bodies and services, guaranteeing the legal protection of our clients.

To get advice and clarify the details regarding the order of this service, call us right now!

Alternative: from SUT to checking the effectiveness of ventilation

From SOUT to checking the efficiency of ventilation!

AT recent times the activities of testing laboratories have changed a lot. Many years of practice in the performance of work attestation of workplaces has been transformed into a special assessment of working conditions. On the one hand, the activity is greatly simplified, because. the amount of work performed has become significantly less, on the other hand, the burden of responsibility for the correctness of the assessment has fallen on the organization decision, since the expert must almost "blindly" substantiate the need for certain studies and examinations. But no matter how “harmfulness standards” are set from above, the statistics of occupational diseases and diseases with temporary disability (TTD) are inexorable.

Given the continuous decline in the cost of the "average check", when performing a special assessment of working conditions, most of the once powerful laboratories are wondering how else they can earn to survive this difficult time. The situation is being spurred on by the Ministry of Labor and the Federal Accreditation Service, putting forward more and more new requirements for testing laboratories.

Let's look at several options for additional sources of income.

1. Production control- The clearing has long been trampled down, since, together with the certification of workplaces, these studies are successfully carried out by both independent laboratories and the centers of hygiene and epidemiology of Rospotrebnadzor. Volumes have long been distributed and attracting new customers is possible only on the one hand by reducing prices (independent laboratories) or using administrative resources (TsGiE). Suitable as a source of income diversification, but it is impossible to bet completely.
2. Environmental audit of real estate – fashion trend but is still in limited demand. Since the main customers are private individuals, the laboratory service is very strongly transformed from a “measurement service” towards a “knowledge service”, which requires great competence from the laboratory staff and completely different instrumentation. As a rule, organizations performing such work provide a number of related services: processing of premises, installation of various equipment and other works. Demand for such services is greatly reduced during periods of crisis, when other expenses are prioritized by the population.
3. Checking the efficiency of ventilation. I would like to dwell on this section of work separately, because. Recently, this type of work has been undeservedly forgotten, but in terms of its importance in the activities of the laboratory and enterprises, it is not inferior to a special assessment of working conditions and production control. So let's try to figure out why this work is so important for us and how with the help of new services we can develop in difficult times.

For what purposes can we use the work on measuring and evaluating ventilation systems?

1. Commissioning of newly built or reconstructed facilities. Federal Law of December 30, 2009 N 384-FZ " Technical regulation on the safety of buildings and structures". Article 20. Requirements for ensuring air quality: "The design documentation of buildings and structures must provide for the equipment of buildings and structures with a ventilation system. The design documentation of buildings and structures may provide for the equipment of premises with an air conditioning system. Ventilation and air conditioning systems must ensure the supply of air to the premises with the content of harmful substances not exceeding the maximum permissible concentrations for such premises or for the working area of ​​industrial premises.
2. Inspection of existing ventilation systems in accordance with the current requirements of the bodies of Rospotrebnadzor and Rostekhnadzor. For compliance with thematic GOSTs, SanPiNam, RD and other regulatory documents.
3. Inspection of ventilation systems to develop measures to improve working conditions. Carried out at the stage of preliminary SOUT or production control, or based on the results of the survey.

As you can see, a very large layer of work has been undeservedly forgotten and at the moment only individual laboratories can “skim the cream”. But there is nothing difficult in evaluating ventilation systems, and employees who can easily operate a sound level meter-vibrometer or GANK can learn how to work on new equipment.

What equipment is required?

1. , and sometimes both, are in every laboratory.
2. The differential pressure gauge and PITO tube is a new beast for most labs, but it's not at all scary and with a little preparation it can do a lot of work.
3. A contact thermometer is available in almost every laboratory, and with the advent of SUT, it remained out of work. So let's give him a new job.
4. Tachometer - too, but if there is no experience, then we will teach.
5. A temperature, humidity and air pressure meter is standard equipment of the laboratory.

Perhaps that's all, there is a little more auxiliary equipment, but in terms of complexity and cost, it cannot be compared with the above-described devices.

Universal instrument METEOSCOPE



















Thermohygrometer with verification Testo 608

So ventilation!

Clean air, in the classical definition, is one of the first hygienic and aesthetic needs of a person. The purpose of ventilation is to create an air environment in the room that meets sanitary and hygienic requirements.

The main types of air supply:

1. Ventilation of the premises through the window, transoms and windows.

2. Ventilation with natural and mechanical draft induction.

3. Systems air heating and conditioning.

The main objects where ventilation is necessary:

1. Buildings and premises with a constant presence of people, without the emission of harmful gases and dust, equipped with a microclimate maintenance system. These objects include almost all modern office buildings, shopping centers.

2. Industrial buildings and premises with the release of pollutants into the air of the working area.

3. Premises with special requirements to the composition of the air environment and microclimate: kindergartens, hospitals, schools.

As you can see, ventilation is used in almost every building and room.

Ventilation is a sanitary and technical means that completes the system of measures to improve the indoor air environment. With the help of ventilation, they combat excess heat and moisture, as well as gases, vapors and dust.

There are direct and indirect methods for assessing the efficiency of ventilation systems.

Indirect methods include - assessment of the compliance of the air environment of the production facility with sanitary standards in terms of the concentration of harmful substances in the air of the working area, temperature, relative humidity and air mobility, and the intensity of thermal radiation.

Direct methods include the speed and temperature of air flows, performance, developed pressure and fan speed, pressure difference or vacuum, noise and vibration of ventilation system elements, concentration of harmful substances in the supply air.

Checking the efficiency of the existing ventilation is carried out by measuring the speed and temperature of air flows in the working area, open openings and working sections of air inlets, as well as transport, installation and aeration openings, in supply jets from air distribution devices, air showers and curtains, as well as determining performance fans and the pressures developed by them in the air ducts of general exchange supply and exhaust systems built into the equipment of local suction and aspiration shelters and measuring the pressure difference or rarefaction in production premises relative to neighboring premises or the atmosphere, in boxes, cabins, shelters.

The performance of ventilation systems of local exhausts, aspiration shelters, etc. is determined by the formula:

L \u003d Vav * F * 3600 m3 / h,

Where Vav is the average speed, m/s, F is the cross-sectional area of ​​the opening, air duct, local suction. 3600 is the number of seconds in one hour.

Based on the results of the measurements, a protocol of instrumental measurements is drawn up. Also, based on the results of the measurements, it is possible to draw up a ventilation system passport, which is used as the final stage of certification of ventilation installations.

Everything you need to know about checking the effectiveness of ventilation systems: device, purpose, requirements, regulations, work with equipment, filling out documents and accreditation -

Technology company Building Control» provides services to check the effectiveness of ventilation systems at facilities:

industrial premises and complexes;

medical organizations and institutions;

x-ray rooms;

dental clinics;

public and administrative buildings;

cafes, restaurants, organizations Catering;

shopping centers and shops;

apartment buildings with natural and mechanical ventilation systems;

individual houses and cottages.

Based on the results of the check, we draw up and enter data into the passports of the ventilation system, provide protocols from an accredited laboratory, issue acts, certificates and technical reports on the check.

What is a ventilation system performance test?

Checking the efficiency of the ventilation system is a check of the compliance of the air exchange in the premises with the requirements laid down in the project or with the requirements of sanitary and hygienic standards.

Why is performance testing necessary?

A properly designed, installed and well-established ventilation system is neither seen nor heard. But, alas, this does not happen often. But the meaning of ventilation is to ensure the air quality necessary for work, life and health of a person! Therefore, violations in the operation of ventilation systems primarily affect the health and well-being of people. Indirect signs of poor ventilation performance are bad feeling, drowsiness, decreased productivity. In order to avoid negative consequences due to violations in the operation of ventilation and it is necessary to check its effectiveness.

The only way to check the effectiveness of ventilation is instrumental control. The professionally accurate title of this work would be "Aerodynamic Testing of Ventilation Systems".

Using devices according to the established methodology, specialists determine the actual parameters of the ventilation operation and compare them with the design or standard ones, if there are established standards for this object.

Properly functioning ventilation is necessary for those who operate the facility. If ventilation is inefficient, then it is better to turn it off to save heat and electricity.

Check frequency

The frequency of checking the effectiveness of ventilation for most facilities is once a year for exhaust and local supply, once every three years for general exchange supply and air curtains. This frequency is established in the relevant sanitary standards, which are developed for many types of objects, for example:

Medical institutions, according to clause 6.5 of the Sanitary Norms and Rules 2.1.3.2630-10, must check the efficiency of ventilation once a year;

X-ray rooms, according to paragraph 10.21 of the Sanitary Norms and Rules 2.6.1.1192-03, must check their ventilation at least once a year;

If there is no industry standard, they turn to the old methodological instructions for Rospotrebnadzor:

Guidelines No. 4425-87 prescribe:

in rooms with emissions of harmful substances, check at least once a month;

for systems of local exhaust and supply systems once a year;

for general exchange and natural systems once every three years.

Such periodicity may be sufficient for systems that have passed high-quality commissioning. With poor commissioning or its absence, which is very common, the systems immediately work inefficiently.

The build quality is also great importance. Wrong technological solutions, unjustified application aluminum tape and flexible air ducts, poor fasteners lead to the fact that during the first year of operation the networks lose their tightness very quickly, and when the first check is carried out after a year of operation, defects are revealed, as a result of which air exchanges are less than the normative ones.

Given this, it can be considered that the first performance test after commissioning is best carried out as early as possible, in the first year of operation. The frequency of subsequent checks can be increased, modern air handling units It is better to check more often - annually. General exchange hoods usually work stably, they can be checked and less often - once every three years.

Veils and roof fans they really don't need to be checked often, they either work or they don't, the whole life, so they can be checked less often, once every five years.

Regulations

The main standard for checking ventilation is a project approved by the authorities of Rospotrebnadzor. Design air exchanges and balances must be provided in all rooms. The standards are often tied to the volume of the premises, and are drawn up in the form of an air exchange rate.

If there is no project, then you can use industry sanitary standards, SanPiN. If there is no industry sanitary standard, they use building codes, SNiP and SP. If there are none, then you can refer to the recommendations for the design of the relevant objects.

Scope of work

The scope of work is determined by the needs of the customer. For example, vibration measurements make it possible to understand that the fan motor is worn out and will probably fail soon. it important information and for some ventilation systems for industrial and medical purposes, it is critical, since operation without ventilation is impossible. Therefore, the engine or ventilation unit is changed before they actually fail. In addition to standard vibration diagnostics, our laboratory also uses thermal imaging diagnostics. Checking the ventilation units with a thermal imager immediately shows whether the motor or bearing assemblies are overheated.

If there are no complaints about noise and vibration, and a simple separate ventilation system for one to two weeks can be tolerated, then vibration can not be measured.

Technical task

Knowing their real needs, the customer draws up a technical task for checking ventilation, according to which it is possible to determine the composition and scope of work for a particular facility.

Sometimes the client does not technical specialists, then he entrusts the development of the terms of reference to the contractor. In this case, before drawing up the task, a preliminary examination of the ventilation condition of the object is necessary. It happens that the systems have not been operated since the moment of construction and have been partially dismantled, but they continue to be considered operational.

If the task is done without a preliminary examination, then most likely the amount of work and the price will be overstated.

Work program

Based on the terms of reference and the documentation provided by the customer (project, passports, technical reports), the contractor develops and agrees on a work program.

Performance Test Specifics

To check the effectiveness of ventilation, it is characteristic that the work is carried out at an existing facility. Features of work depend on the type of object.

For medical facilities, this means aligning schedules with room usage schedules. For example, in operating rooms, work is carried out before disinfection.

In shopping malls, work in the trading floor is not carried out during peak attendance hours. For some types of objects, work is possible only at night.

There are restrictions on allowed devices at fire-hazardous objects.

Methodology

The measurement technique is industry-wide, GOST 12.3.018-79. Large organizations often develop and approve their own methods based on it, taking into account modern instrumentation or foreign methods.

Performers

Our Ventilation Laboratory is accredited for all types of measurements related to checking the effectiveness of ventilation.

Accreditation means that specialists, instrumentation, methodological and regulatory framework, system internal control the quality of our laboratory is verified by an independent public service – Federal Service according to Accreditation, and found to be in compliance with the requirements.

In the regulations related to medicine, as well as in some industry standards, for example, STO RZD 15.003-2014, laboratory accreditation is a mandatory requirement.

results

The results of the checks are entered in the passports of the ventilation units with the date of measurements indicated, protocols are issued, usually in two copies, one is attached to the passport. Where the norms are expressed in multiples, a table of air exchange rates is additionally provided.

Sometimes a customer wants more full information, in the form of a technical report, air balances and a list of defects. This requirement must be agreed upon prior to commencement of work.

If a detailed technical report is required with a list of defects and measures to restore or improve operating parameters, the adjusters should include not only measurers, but also an experienced ventilation engineer.

Monitoring the efficiency of ventilation systems (industrial control of ventilation systems) for heating, ventilation, air conditioning systems, smoke protection. Monitoring the efficiency of ventilation systems is carried out in order to determine the pressure loss and air flow in ventilation systems. Such control means their testing in order to improve the efficiency of ventilation systems and to evaluate the work of the enterprise's operation service.
Further activities following the efficiency test are drawing up a ventilation system passport and calculating the air exchange rate at the facility, comparing the values ​​obtained during the control with the design ones. All test results are recorded in the protocol, reflecting the identified shortcomings and recommendations for their elimination. The protocol is attached to the passport of the ventilation system.

The frequency of monitoring the effectiveness of ventilation systems (industrial control of ventilation) in accordance with clause 5.1. VNE 11-88:
- periodic tests operating systems ventilation serving the premises of production of categories A and B is recommended to be carried out at least 1 time per year;
- Periodic testing of existing ventilation systems serving production facilities of categories C, D and D is recommended to be carried out at least 1 time in 2 years;

The frequency of monitoring the effectiveness of ventilation systems (industrial control of ventilation) in accordance with clause 1.7. MU 4425-87:
- once a month - for rooms with possible allocation hazardous substances of 1-2 classes;
- once a year - for premises equipped with local supply and exhaust ventilation;
- once every three years - for rooms equipped with general mechanical and natural ventilation.

Checking the effectiveness of ventilation is a set of laboratory and instrumental measurements carried out by an accredited laboratory. In particular, the speed of air movement in air ducts and ventilation ducts is measured, and the air exchange rate is calculated.

This set may include:
Checking natural ventilation. Initial inspection of the ventilation system channels during the commissioning of the facility. Based on the results of the inspection, an act of the initial examination is drawn up.
Checking artificial ventilation. All elements of the supply (exhaust and mixed) ventilation system are examined for performance. Based on the results of the audit, a protocol is being prepared laboratory measurements aerodynamics of the system. The customer is issued a passport of the ventilation system and a document (conclusion) confirming the confirmation of compliance or non-compliance with the design parameters.

Carrying out work on the certification of the ventilation system.

Certification of the ventilation system is a check of the condition of all elements of the ventilation system during its commissioning, during which all the necessary aerodynamic tests and measurements are carried out. The test results are recorded by specialists in the passport of the ventilation system of the test object. When carrying out the certification of ventilation systems, they also carry out an expert assessment of the parameters of the air environment: temperature, humidity, analysis of the composition of air masses and their degree of mobility.

Passport of the ventilation system is an important technical document that gives the legal right to put a specific unit of ventilation equipment into operation, and confirms the implementation full cycle works (design, installation, commissioning) in accordance with the current regulatory and technical documentation.
This document includes the following information:
- name of the certified organization carrying out this species works;
- name and address of the object;
- name and purpose of the system, its location;
- basic specifications equipment;
- a table of design and actual air flow rates, indicating the percentage of deviations;
- axonometric diagram systems, indicating the points of measurements made;
- conclusion and signatures of representatives of the design and commissioning organization.

The passport of the ventilation system is necessary for the customer to register the purchased equipment, its regular use in order to achieve the necessary sanitary and hygienic air parameters.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
VNE 11-88 "Instructions for safe operation ventilation systems at the enterprises of the USSR Ministry of Chemical Industry"
MU 4425-87 "Sanitary and hygienic control of ventilation systems for ventilation of industrial premises"
SP 60.13330.2012 "Heating, ventilation and air conditioning. Updated version of SNiP 41-01-2003"
R NOSTROY 2.15.3-2011 "Recommendations for testing and adjustment of ventilation and air conditioning systems"