We rarely notice the air around us. But from time to time it seems to us that there is a “heavy atmosphere” in the room. We go out into the "fresh air", inhale the "invigorating air" after a thunderstorm or the "stupefying air" of the June meadows...
It turns out that the air comes out different, that is, its composition changes. Observing the properties of air, scientists in the 18th century realized that air is a mixture of different gases. It mainly consists of oxygen (21%) and nitrogen (78%). Other gases account for only a small part. 
Air is made up of two main gases, nitrogen and oxygen. All other additives that slightly change the composition of the air are less than 1%.
When breathing, all living organisms consume oxygen and release carbon dioxide. Therefore, if many living organisms are in a closed volume (for example, schoolchildren in a classroom, spectators in a cinema, sailors on a submarine), then the proportion of oxygen in the air decreases, and the proportion of carbon dioxide increases. It gets stuffy.
The air is especially good, of course, in the forest. All green plants absorb carbon dioxide during the day and release oxygen, which is so necessary for us to live. 
After a thunderstorm, the air becomes sour in taste - an insignificant fraction of ozone gas has appeared in it.
In cities, it is often difficult to breathe because the air contains car exhaust fumes. The air of flowering meadows contains pollen that causes allergies in some people. Volcanoes emit sulfurous gases - in the old days it was believed that the devil himself smelled like that. In short, as soon as we feel that the air has become a little different, this means that its composition has changed slightly. Molecules of different gases have different masses. Heavier molecules accumulate at the bottom, while lighter ones are pushed up. Molecules of carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide and exhaust gases are heavier than oxygen and nitrogen molecules. Therefore, the air in the mountains seems especially fresh to us - most of the heavy impurities remain below. From a height, cities often look like large puddles that have collected black dirty air. In the air, even over the driest desert, there is always water vapor - evaporated water. And in tropical rainforests, there is so much water vapor in the air that it constantly settles as droplets of water on the leaves of trees and people's faces. 
Factories emit sulfur dioxide into the atmosphere, slightly changing the composition of the air. Combining with water, this gas forms an acid, due to which our clothes and the walls of our houses quickly become unusable. And, of course, this acid burns through our lungs.
Water vapor in the atmosphere plays an important role in shaping the weather and climate on Earth. It is also important for our well-being. In too dry air, our throats begin to tickle, in too humid, heat and cold are hard to bear.
The composition of the air on earth is one of the reasons for our life. Without air, a person will live only three minutes, and after 10 clinical death will occur.
While we breathe, we live. No other planet in the solar system has such a close relationship between chemistry and biology. Our world is unique.
Depending on the territory, the volume of the main component of the vital gas is from 16 to 20 percent - this is oxygen, the formula of which is O 2. Its variation is felt in space as “freshness” after a thunderstorm - this is ozone O 3.
From this article you will learn all the secrets of the air shell of the earth. What will happen to the world without one component? What harm can it do? How will a slight deterioration in the atmosphere affect life?
What is air
The ancient Greeks used two words as a definition for air: calamus, which meant the lower layers of the atmosphere (Dim), and ether meant the bright upper layers of the atmosphere (transcendental space).
In alchemy, the symbol for air is a triangle divided in two by a horizontal line.
In the modern world, such a definition would suit him - a gas mixture that surrounds the planet, which protects against the penetration of solar radiation and large doses of ultraviolet radiation.
Over a multimillion-year period of development, the planet has transformed gaseous substances and created a unique protective shield, which is almost impossible to see. Their mass fraction is incommensurably small for space.
Nothing else has an impact on the formation of the world. If we remember that part of the air masses is oxygen, then what will happen on earth without it? Buildings and structures will collapse.
Metal bridges and other structures that fascinate millions of tourists will turn into a single lump due to the small number of oxygen molecules (in this situation, close to zero). The life of all living organisms on the planet will worsen, and some will lead to death.
Seas and oceans, evaporating in the form of hydrogen, will disappear. And when the planet becomes like the moon, a radiation fire will reign, burning out the remains of the flora, because without oxygen the temperature will increase very much, but without the atmosphere there will be no protection from the sun.
What is air made of
Almost the entire earth's atmosphere consists of only five gases: nitrogen, oxygen, water vapor, argon and carbon dioxide.
Other mixtures are also present in it, but for the sake of clarity of presentation, the chemical composition of water vapor will not be considered. It is worth mentioning that in the air mass it occupies no more than five percent.
Composition of air in percent
Ideally, the air collected in a jar consists of:
- 78 percent from nitrogen;
- 16 - 20 percent oxygen;
- 1 percent argon;
- three hundredths of a percent of carbon dioxide;
- one thousandth of a percent of neon;
- 0.0002 percent methane.
The smaller components are:
- helium - 0.000524%;
- krypton - 0.000114%;
- hydrogen - H2 0.00005%;
- xenon - 0.0000087%;
- ozone O 3 - 0.000007%;
- nitrogen dioxide - 0.000002%;
- iodine - 0.000001%;
- carbon monoxide;
- ammonia.
Composition of inhaled and exhaled air
Breathing takes precedence over other human needs. From the school course, everyone knows that a person inhales oxygen and exhales carbon dioxide. Although in life, in addition to pure O 2, other substances are present in the air.
Inhale - exhale. A similar cycle is repeated about 22,000 times a day, during which oxygen is consumed, which maintains the vitality of the human body. The problem is that delicate lung tissue is attacked by air pollution, cleaning solutions, fibers, fumes and dust.
The first half of the article talked about reducing oxygen, but what will happen with an increase. Doubling the concentration of the main gas would lead to a reduction in fuel consumption in cars.
By inhaling more oxygen, a person would become much more psychologically positive. However, for some insects, a favorable climate would allow them to increase in size. There are a number of theories that predict this. It seems that no one would like to meet a spider the size of a dog, and one can only fantasize about the growth of large representatives.
By inhaling less heavy metals, humanity could defeat a number of complex diseases, but such a project will require a lot of effort. There is a whole program aimed at creating a practical paradise on earth: in every house, room, city or country. Its goal is to make the atmosphere cleaner, to save people from dangerous work in mines and metallurgy. A place where jobs would be occupied by masters of their craft.
It is important that it is possible to inhale clean, untouched by industry air, but this requires political, or better, world will. In the meantime, people are busy looking for money and cheap (dirty) technologies, only city smog remains to be inhaled. How long this will last is unknown.
A map will allow you to visually assess the atmospheric air of the capital of our country, which is inhaled by more than a dozen people.
Hygienic value of atmospheric air
Officially, air pollution can be defined as the content of harmful substances in the air or particles or microscopic biological molecules that pose a health hazard to living organisms: humans, animals or plants.
The level of air pollution in a particular location depends mainly on the source or sources of pollution. This includes:
- vehicle exhaust gases;
- coal power plants;
- industrial plants and other sources of pollution.
All of the above spews various types of hazardous substances and toxins into the air, exceeding the norm by tens, and sometimes hundreds of times. In combination with natural sources - volcanoes, geysers, etc. - a deadly cocktail of poisonous air masses is created, which is commonly called "smog".
The evidence of each person's guilt is clear. Our personal choices and industry can have a detrimental effect on much-needed gas. For a century of technological breakthrough, nature has managed to suffer, which means revenge is inevitable.
By increasing emissions, humanity is approaching the abyss, from which there is no return and cannot be. Before it's too late, at least something should be corrected. It has been proven that alternative industrial technologies can help clean the air in Moscow, St. Petersburg, Tokyo, Berlin and any other major city.
Here are some solutions:
- Replace gasoline with electricity in cars, and the sky above the city will become a little more beautiful.
- Remove coal stations from cities, let them go down in the history of the country, start using the energy of the sun, water, and wind. Then, after the rain, soot will not fly from the chimney of the next plant, but there will be only the smell of “freshness”.
- Plant a tree in the park. If thousands do this, then asthmatics and depressed people will stop visiting hospitals in search of a unique recipe from the lips of a psychologist.
It is important in the implementation of the respiratory function. Atmospheric air is a mixture of gases: oxygen, carbon dioxide, argon, nitrogen, neon, krypton, xenon, hydrogen, ozone, etc. Oxygen is the most important. At rest, a person absorbs 0.3 l / min. During physical activity, oxygen consumption increases and can reach 4.5–8 l/min. Fluctuations in the oxygen content in the atmosphere are small and do not exceed 0.5%. If the oxygen content decreases to 11-13%, there are phenomena of oxygen deficiency. An oxygen content of 7-8% can lead to death. Carbon dioxide - colorless and odorless, is formed during respiration and decay, combustion of fuel. In the atmosphere it is 0.04%, and in industrial areas - 0.05-0.06%. With a large crowd of people, it can increase to 0.6 - 0.8%. With prolonged inhalation of air with a content of 1-1.5% carbon dioxide, a deterioration in well-being is noted, and with 2-2.5% - pathological changes. At 8-10% loss of consciousness and death, the air has a pressure called atmospheric or barometric. It is measured in millimeters of mercury (mm Hg), hectopascals (hPa), millibars (mb). Normal pressure is considered to be atmospheric pressure at sea level at a latitude of 45˚ at an air temperature of 0˚С. It is equal to 760 mm Hg. (Indoor air is considered to be of poor quality if it contains 1% carbon dioxide. This value is taken as a calculated value when designing and installing ventilation in rooms.
Air pollution. Carbon monoxide is a colorless and odorless gas, formed during incomplete combustion of fuel and enters the atmosphere with industrial emissions and exhaust gases of internal combustion engines. In megacities, its concentration can reach up to 50-200 mg/m3. When smoking tobacco, carbon monoxide enters the body. Carbon monoxide is a blood and general toxic poison. It blocks hemoglobin, it loses the ability to carry oxygen to the tissues. Acute poisoning occurs when the concentration of carbon monoxide in the air is 200-500 mg/m3. In this case, there is a headache, general weakness, nausea, vomiting. The maximum allowable concentration is average daily 0 1 mg/m3, single - 6 mg/m3. The air can be polluted with sulfur dioxide, soot, resinous substances, nitrogen oxides, carbon disulfide.
Microorganisms. In small quantities, they are always in the air, where they are carried with soil dust. Microbes of infectious diseases that enter the atmosphere quickly die. Of particular danger in the epidemiological relationship is the air of residential premises and sports facilities. For example, in wrestling halls, the content of microbes up to 26,000 in 1 m3 of air is observed. Aerogenic infections in such air spread very quickly.
Dust It is a light dense particles of mineral or organic origin, getting into the lungs of dust, it lingers there and causes various diseases. Industrial dust (lead, chromium) can cause poisoning. In cities, dust should not exceed 0.15 mg/m3. Sports grounds must be watered regularly, have a green area, and carry out wet cleaning. Sanitary protection zones have been established for all enterprises polluting the atmosphere. In accordance with the hazard class, they have different sizes: for enterprises of the 1st class - 1000 m, 2 - 500 m, 3 - 300 m, 4 -100 m, 5 - 50 m. When placing sports facilities near enterprises, it is necessary to take into account the wind rose, sanitary protective zones, the degree of air pollution, etc.
One of the important measures for the protection of the air environment is preventive and current sanitary supervision and systematic monitoring of the state of atmospheric air. It is produced using an automated monitoring system.
Clean atmospheric air near the Earth's surface has the following chemical composition: oxygen - 20.93%, carbon dioxide - 0.03-0.04%, nitrogen - 78.1%, argon, helium, krypton 1%.
Exhaled air contains 25% less oxygen and 100 times more carbon dioxide.
Oxygen. The most important constituent of air. It ensures the course of redox processes in the body. An adult at rest consumes 12 liters of oxygen, during physical work 10 times more. In the blood, oxygen is bound to hemoglobin.
Ozone. Chemically unstable gas, capable of absorbing solar short-wave ultraviolet radiation, which has a detrimental effect on all living things. Ozone absorbs long-wave infrared radiation coming from the Earth and thus prevents its excessive cooling (Earth's ozone layer). Under the influence of UV radiation, ozone decomposes into a molecule and an oxygen atom. Ozone is a bactericidal agent for water disinfection. In nature, it is formed during electrical discharges, during the evaporation of water, during ultraviolet radiation, during thunderstorms, in the mountains and in coniferous forests.
Carbon dioxide. It is formed as a result of redox processes occurring in the body of people and animals, fuel combustion, decay of organic substances. In the air of cities, the concentration of carbon dioxide is increased due to industrial emissions - up to 0.045%, in residential premises - up to 0.6-0.85. An adult at rest emits 22 liters of carbon dioxide per hour, and during physical work - 2-3 times more. Signs of deterioration in a person's well-being appear only with prolonged inhalation of air containing 1-1.5% carbon dioxide, pronounced functional changes - at a concentration of 2-2.5% and pronounced symptoms (headache, general weakness, shortness of breath, palpitations, decrease in performance) - at 3-4%. The hygienic significance of carbon dioxide lies in the fact that it serves as an indirect indicator of general air pollution. The norm of carbon dioxide in gyms is 0.1%.
Nitrogen. An indifferent gas serves as a diluent for other gases. Increased inhalation of nitrogen can have a narcotic effect.
Carbon monoxide. It is formed during the incomplete combustion of organic substances. Has no color or smell. The concentration in the atmosphere depends on the intensity of vehicular traffic. Penetrating through the pulmonary alveoli into the blood, it forms carboxyhemoglobin, as a result, hemoglobin loses its ability to carry oxygen. The maximum allowable average daily concentration of carbon monoxide is 1 mg/m3. Toxic doses of carbon monoxide in the air are 0.25-0.5 mg/l. With prolonged exposure, headache, fainting, palpitations.
Sulphur dioxide. It enters the atmosphere as a result of burning fuels rich in sulfur (coal). It is formed during roasting and melting of sulfur ores, during dyeing of fabrics. It irritates the mucous membranes of the eyes and the upper respiratory tract. The threshold of sensation is 0.002-0.003 mg / l. Gas has a harmful effect on vegetation, especially coniferous trees.
Mechanical impurities of air come in the form of smoke, soot, soot, crushed soil particles and other solids. The dust content of the air depends on the nature of the soil (sand, clay, asphalt), its sanitary condition (watering, cleaning), air pollution by industrial emissions, and the sanitary condition of the premises.
Dust mechanically irritates the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract and eyes. Systematic inhalation of dust causes respiratory diseases. When breathing through the nose, up to 40-50% of dust is retained. Microscopic dust, which is in a suspended state for a long time, is the most unfavorable in terms of hygiene. The electric charge of the dust enhances its ability to penetrate the lungs and linger in them. Dust. containing lead, arsenic, chromium, and other toxic substances, causes typical poisoning phenomena, and when penetrated not only by inhalation, but also through the skin and gastrointestinal tract. In dusty air, the intensity of solar radiation and air ionization are significantly reduced. To prevent the adverse effects of dust on the body, residential buildings are disposed to air pollutants from the windward side. Sanitary protection zones 50-1000 m wide and more are arranged between them. In residential premises, systematic wet cleaning, ventilation of premises, change of shoes and outerwear, use of non-dusty soils and watering in open areas.
air microorganisms. Bacterial air pollution, as well as other environmental objects (water, soil), is dangerous in epidemiological terms. There are various microorganisms in the air: bacteria, viruses, mold fungi, yeast cells. The most common is the airborne method of transmission of infections: a large number of microbes enter the air, and when breathing, they enter the respiratory tract of healthy people. For example, when talking loudly, and even more so when coughing and sneezing, the smallest droplets are sprayed at a distance of 1-1.5 m and spread with air to 8-9 m. These droplets can be in suspension for 4-5 hours, but in most cases settle in 40-60 minutes. In dust, the influenza virus and diphtheria bacilli remain viable for 120-150 days. There is a well-known relationship: the more dust in the indoor air, the more abundant the content of microflora in it.
We all know very well that not a single living being can live on earth without air. Air is vital for all of us. Everyone from children to adults knows that it is impossible to survive without air, but not everyone knows what air is and what it consists of. So, air is a mixture of gases that cannot be seen or touched, but we all know perfectly well that it is around us, although we practically do not notice it. To conduct research of a different nature, including, it is possible in our laboratory.
We can feel the air only when we feel a strong wind or we are near the fan. What does air consist of, and it consists of nitrogen and oxygen, and only a small part of argon, water, hydrogen and carbon dioxide. If we consider the composition of air as a percentage, then nitrogen is 78.08 percent, oxygen 20.94%, argon 0.93 percent, carbon dioxide 0.04 percent, neon 1.82 * 10-3 percent, helium 4.6 * 10-4 percent, methane 1.7 * 10-4 percent, krypton 1.14*10-4 percent, hydrogen 5*10-5 percent, xenon 8.7*10-6 percent, nitrous oxide 5*10-5 percent.
The oxygen content in the air is very high because it is oxygen that is necessary for the life of the human body. Oxygen, which is observed in the air during breathing, enters the cells of the human body, and participates in the oxidation process, as a result of which the energy that is needed for life is released. Also, oxygen, which is in the air, is also required for burning fuel, which produces heat, as well as for obtaining mechanical energy in internal combustion engines.
Inert gases are also extracted from the air during liquefaction. How much oxygen is in the air, if you look at the percentage, then oxygen and nitrogen in the air is 98 percent. Knowing the answer to this question, another one arises, which gaseous substances are still part of the air.
So, in 1754, a scientist named Joseph Black confirmed that the air consists of a mixture of gases, and not a homogeneous substance, as previously thought. The composition of air on earth includes methane, argon, carbon dioxide, helium, krypton, hydrogen, neon, xenon. It is worth noting that the percentage of air can vary slightly depending on where people live.
Unfortunately, in large cities, the percentage of carbon dioxide will be higher than, for example, in villages or forests. The question arises how many percent of oxygen is in the air in the mountains. The answer is simple, oxygen is much heavier than nitrogen, so it will be much less in the air in the mountains, this is because the density of oxygen decreases with height.
The rate of oxygen in the air
So, with regard to the ratio of oxygen in the air, there are certain standards, for example, for the working area. In order for a person to be able to fully work, the norm of oxygen in the air is from 19 to 23 percent. When operating equipment in enterprises, it is imperative to monitor the tightness of the devices, as well as various machines. If, when testing the air in a room where people work, the oxygen indicator is below 19 percent, then it is imperative to leave the room and turn on emergency ventilation. You can control the level of oxygen in the air at the workplace by inviting the EcoTestExpress laboratory and researching it.
Let's now define what oxygen is.
Oxygen is a chemical element in Mendeleev's periodic table of elements; oxygen has no smell, no taste, no color. Oxygen in the air is essential for human respiration, as well as for combustion, because it is no secret to anyone that if there is no air, then no materials will burn. The composition of oxygen includes a mixture of three stable nuclides, the mass numbers of which are 16, 17 and 18.
So, oxygen is the most common element on earth, with regard to the percentage of oxygen, the largest percentage is in silicates, which is about 47.4 percent of the mass of the solid earth's crust. Also in the sea and fresh waters of the whole earth contains a huge amount of oxygen, namely 88.8 percent, as for the amount of oxygen in the air, it is only 20.95 percent. It should also be noted that oxygen is part of more than 1500 compounds in the earth's crust.
As for the production of oxygen, it is obtained by separating air at low temperatures. This process occurs as follows, at the beginning they compress the air with the help of a compressor, while compressing the air, it begins to heat up. The compressed air is allowed to cool to room temperature, and after cooling, it is allowed to expand freely.
When expansion occurs, the gas temperature begins to drop sharply, after the air has cooled, its temperature can be several tens of degrees lower than room temperature, such air is again subjected to compression and the released heat is taken away. After several stages of air compression and cooling, a number of procedures are performed as a result of which pure oxygen is separated without any impurities.
And here another question arises which is heavier oxygen or carbon dioxide. The answer is simply of course carbon dioxide will be heavier than oxygen. The density of carbon dioxide is 1.97 kg/m3, while the density of oxygen is 1.43 kg/m3. As for carbon dioxide, as it turns out, it plays one of the main roles in the life of all life on earth, and also has an impact on the carbon cycle in nature. It has been proven that carbon dioxide is involved in the regulation of respiration, as well as blood circulation.
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What is carbon dioxide?
Now let's define in more detail what carbon dioxide is, and also denote the composition of carbon dioxide. So, carbon dioxide in other words is carbon dioxide, it is a colorless gas with a slightly sour smell and taste. As for the air, the concentration of carbon dioxide in it is 0.038 percent. The physical properties of carbon dioxide are that it does not exist in a liquid state at normal atmospheric pressure, but immediately passes from a solid state to a gaseous state.
Carbon dioxide in the solid state is also called dry ice. To date, carbon dioxide is a participant in global warming. Carbon dioxide is produced by burning various substances. It should be noted that in the industrial production of carbon dioxide, it is pumped into cylinders. Carbon dioxide pumped into cylinders is used as fire extinguishers, as well as in the production of soda water, and is also used in pneumatic weapons. And also in the food industry as a preservative.
Composition of inhaled and exhaled air
Now let's analyze the composition of the inhaled and exhaled air. First, let's define what breathing is. Breathing is a complex continuous process by which the gas composition of the blood is constantly updated. The composition of the air we breathe is 20.94 percent oxygen, 0.03 percent carbon dioxide, and 79.03 percent nitrogen. But the composition of the exhaled air is already only 16.3 percent oxygen, as much as 4 percent carbon dioxide and 79.7 percent nitrogen.
It can be seen that the inhaled air differs from the exhaled by the content of oxygen, as well as the amount of carbon dioxide. These are the substances that make up the air we breathe and exhale. Thus, our body is saturated with oxygen and releases all unnecessary carbon dioxide to the outside.
Dry oxygen improves the electrical and protective properties of the films due to the absence of water, as well as their compaction and reduction of the space charge. Also, dry oxygen under normal conditions cannot react with gold, copper or silver. To conduct a chemical analysis of air or other laboratory research, including, you can in our laboratory "EcoTestExpress".
Air is the atmosphere of the planet on which we live. And we always have the question of what is part of the air, the answer is simply a set of gases, as it has already been described above, which gases and in what proportion are in the air. As for the content of gases in the air, everything is easy and simple here, the percentage ratio for almost all areas of our planet is the same.
Composition and properties of air
Air consists not only of a mixture of gases, but also of various aerosols and vapors. The percentage composition of air is the ratio of nitrogen to oxygen and other gases in the air. So, how much oxygen is in the air, the simple answer is only 20 percent. The component composition of the gas, as for nitrogen, it contains the lion's share of all air, and it is worth noting that at elevated pressure, nitrogen begins to have narcotic properties.
This is of no small importance, because during the work of divers, they often have to work at depths under enormous pressure. A lot has already been said about oxygen, because it is of great importance for human life on our planet. It is worth noting that the inhalation of air with high oxygen by a person in a short period does not adversely affect the person himself.
But if a person inhales air with an increased level of oxygen for a long time, this will lead to pathological changes in the body. Another main component of the air, about which much has already been said, is carbon dioxide, as it turns out, a person cannot live without it as well as without oxygen.
If there was no air on earth, then not one living organism could live on our planet, much less function somehow. Unfortunately, in the modern world, a huge number of industrial facilities that pollute our air have recently been increasingly calling for the need to protect the environment, as well as monitor the purity of the air. Therefore, frequent air measurements should be taken to determine how clean it is. If it seems to you that the air in your room is not clean enough and there are external factors to blame, you can always contact the EcoTestExpress laboratory, which will conduct all the necessary analyzes (, research) and give a conclusion about the purity of the air you breathe.
Children often ask their parents about what air is and what it usually consists of. But not every adult can answer correctly. Of course, everyone studied the structure of air at school in nature studies, but over the years this knowledge could be forgotten. Let's try to fill them up.
Air is a unique "substance". You can't see it, touch it, it's tasteless. That is why it is so difficult to give a clear definition of what it is. Usually they simply say - air is what we breathe. It is all around us, although we do not notice it at all. You can feel it only when a strong wind blows or an unpleasant smell appears.
What happens if the air disappears? Without it, not a single living organism can live and work, which means that all people and animals will die. It is not bypassed for the process of respiration. What matters is how clean and wholesome the air everyone breathes is.
The most useful air is located:
- In forests, especially pine.
- In the mountains.
- Near the sea.
The air in these places has a pleasant aroma and has beneficial properties for the body. This explains why children's health camps and various sanatoriums are located near forests, in the mountains or on the sea coast.
You can enjoy fresh air only away from the city. For this reason, many people buy summer cottages outside the village. Some move to a temporary or permanent place of residence in the village, build houses there. This is especially true for families with small children. People are leaving because the air in the city is heavily polluted.
In the modern world, the problem of environmental pollution is especially relevant. The work of modern factories, enterprises, nuclear power plants, cars has a negative impact on nature. They emit harmful substances into the atmosphere that pollute the atmosphere. Therefore, very often people in urban areas experience a lack of fresh air, which is very dangerous.
A serious problem is heavy air inside a poorly ventilated room, especially if there are computers and other equipment in it. Being present in such a place, a person can begin to suffocate from a lack of air, he has pain in his head, weakness occurs.
According to statistics compiled by the World Health Organization, about 7 million human deaths per year are associated with the absorption of polluted outdoor and indoor air.
Harmful air is considered one of the main causes of such a terrible disease as cancer. So say organizations involved in the study of cancer.
Therefore, it is necessary to take preventive measures.
How to get fresh air?
A person will be healthy if he can breathe fresh air every day. If it is not possible to move out of town due to important work, lack of money, or for other reasons, then it is necessary to look for a way out of the situation on the spot. In order for the body to receive the necessary norm of fresh air, the following rules should be followed:
- To be on the street more often, for example, to walk in the evenings in parks, gardens.
- Go for a walk in the woods on weekends.
- Constantly ventilate living and working areas.
- Plant more green plants, especially in offices where there are computers.
- It is advisable to visit resorts located on the sea or in the mountains once a year.
What gases does air consist of?
Every day, every second, people breathe in and out, completely without thinking about the air. People do not react to him in any way, despite the fact that he surrounds them everywhere. Despite its weightlessness and invisibility to the human eye, the air has a rather complex structure. It includes the interrelationship of several gases:
- Nitrogen.
- Oxygen.
- Argon.
- Carbon dioxide.
- Neon.
- Methane.
- Helium.
- Krypton.
- Hydrogen.
- Xenon.
The main part of the air is nitrogen , the mass fraction of which is 78 percent. 21 percent of the total is oxygen, the most indispensable gas for human life. The remaining percentages are occupied by other gases and water vapor, from which clouds are formed.
The question may arise, why is there so little oxygen, just a little more than 20%? This gas is reactive. Therefore, with an increase in its share in the atmosphere, the likelihood of fires in the world will increase significantly.
What is the air we breathe made of?
The two main gases that make up the basis of the air we breathe every day are:
- Oxygen.
- Carbon dioxide.
We inhale oxygen, we exhale carbon dioxide. Every student knows this information. But where does oxygen come from? The main source of oxygen production is green plants. They are also consumers of carbon dioxide.
The world is interesting. In all ongoing life processes, the rule of maintaining balance is observed. If something has gone from somewhere, then something has come somewhere. So it is with air. Green spaces produce the oxygen that humanity needs to breathe. Humans take in oxygen and give off carbon dioxide, which in turn is used by plants. Thanks to this system of interaction, life exists on planet Earth.
Knowing what the air we breathe consists of, and how much it is polluted in modern times, it is necessary to protect the flora of the planet and do everything possible to increase the representatives of green plants.
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