When building a private house, there are no trifles. The question of how an exhaust hood should be made in a bathroom in a private house is quite complicated. But it is necessary to solve it if then there is no desire to breathe stale air and unsuccessfully fight black spots of mold on the walls.
The bathroom is one of the wettest places in the house. After taking water procedures, a large amount of steam is formed in the air, which settles in the form of condensate on all surfaces - the ceiling, walls, mirrors, plumbing and furniture.
If there is no normally working one, then the accumulated moisture begins to spoil, contribute to the formation of an unpleasant odor and the formation of mold. Therefore, the question of how to make a hood in the bathroom should be a priority.
Ventilation in the house can be either natural or forced. The choice of the type of ventilation system depends on the specific conditions in the house.
natural ventilation
As a rule, this type of ventilation is laid down at the stage of creating a project. To do this, ventilation ducts are provided in the bathroom and other rooms that lead to the attic.
As a rule, ventilation ducts are laid out with bricks or ready-made plastic pipes are used to create them.
Here are a few tips to help get the job done if you plan on a natural bathroom hood.
- It is better to plan air ducts vertically, at the same time, each air duct is used for one room.
- It is allowed to combine extracts from the kitchen and sauna, from the bathroom and toilet into one channel, provided that the premises are located on the same floor.
- In the attic, it is allowed to combine hoods from all the listed rooms into one channel. But if, according to the project, ventilated rooms are located on different sides of the house, it is not recommended to combine them in the attic.
- Since natural exhaust systems for bathrooms are low-pressure, the interior surfaces of the ducts should be made as smooth as possible, and it is recommended to avoid sharp turns and ledges when installing them.
If the creation of a bend in the duct cannot be avoided, then it must be made smooth, with a turning radius of at least 10 cm.
- If the building is one-story, then an example of the use of forced ventilation in the bathroom in the ceiling is often mounted, in this case the air is removed from the room through the attic to the roof.
Forced ventilation
A forced ventilation device is necessary if:
- When the natural draft hood does not work in the bathroom or its operation is not effective.
- When the previously operating natural ventilation system is out of order, and its repair does not seem appropriate.
- If it is planned to install a steam generator or an electric sauna in the bathroom.
As a rule, in this case, an exhaust fan is installed for the bathroom - various models of hoods are available for the bathroom.
They differ in size and shape, but the principle of their work is the same. The hood consists of an electric fan and a piping system for air extraction.
About bathroom fans
Which range of exhaust ventilation fans should be purchased when installing a ventilation system? As a rule, these are axial models that can remove from 60 to 250 cubic meters of air per hour from the room.
To determine the required power of the model, use the simplest formula:
M = V * (5…10),
in this formula, the symbol M indicates the performance required to ensure normal air exchange in the room. The symbol V indicates the volume of the room in cubic meters, and the numbers in brackets are a correction factor that depends on the frequency of use of the bathroom.
Example: Let's calculate the required performance, which should have Installing a protective mesh on the ventilation duct, in a house where the bathroom has dimensions of 2 x 1.5 x 2.5 meters. To begin with, let's calculate the volume of the room, in our case it will be equal to 7.5 cubic meters. (2*1.5*2.5 = 7.5).
If the house is inhabited by one person who uses the bathroom twice a day, then a minimum correction factor of five can be taken. As a result, the minimum productivity should be equal to 5 * 7.5 = 37.5 cubic meters.
Is it safe to install an electrical appliance in the bathroom, because the humidity is high there? For such premises, a special class of devices with a high class of protection is produced. They are marked with the letters IP and numbers. The larger the number, the higher the protection class of the device.
If an extractor hood is installed in the bathroom, then a gap under the door for air flow should be provided. In the absence of such a gap, the efficiency of the device is reduced to zero.
Modern hoods in the bathroom are equipped with automation. These are motion sensors that turn on the system only if there is someone in the room.
Humidity sensors are also convenient, which detect the presence of water vapor in the air and, with an increase in its amount, turn on the system automatically. Sometimes systems are equipped with timers that allow you to set the fan operation time.
All these devices allow rational use of energy resources.
A bathroom hood with a non-return valve is very convenient, this is a system that does not allow air from other rooms to enter ventilated rooms, which is important for multi-storey buildings, as well as dust and debris from the street.
As for the noise during ventilation, you should not believe the advertising promises, absolutely silent models do not currently exist. However, modern hoods are quiet enough not to cause irritation.
To reduce the noise level from a running fan, you can put a special device right behind the unit - a silencer, as well as finish the upper part of the ventilation shaft with soundproofing material.
How to install a hood in the bathroom?
So, the fan is selected, now the installation of the hood in the bathroom must be made. This is not difficult to do, although if a person has never dealt with electrical circuits and does not know which side to take on a screwdriver, then this work should be entrusted to professionals.
For home masters who are confident in their abilities, you can give the following advice:
To reduce noise levels and provide additional sealing, a layer of silicone sealant should be laid between the base of the hood and the wall.
- The fan must be connected to the mains, it is recommended to install a separate switch to turn it on.
Some owners connect the hood to the same switch that turns on the lighting, but this is not always rational, so it is better to put a switch with two keys. - At the last stage of installation, the fan is closed with a ventilation grill, which is fixed with latches or self-tapping screws.
Thus, the installation of forced ventilation in bathrooms helps to solve the actual problem of ventilation of the room. A window is rarely planned in bathrooms, so the only way to establish normal air exchange in the room is to organize an effective ventilation system.
The use of modern automation systems makes the use of hoods very convenient and helps to rationally use energy resources.
The bathroom is a zone of high humidity and temperature fluctuations. That is why a bathroom hood is of paramount importance. How to choose and install a ventilation system? Such that it successfully fights fumes, unpleasant odors and dries the walls. After all, wet walls are a direct opportunity for the appearance of mold, insects and microbes that cause disease. If it's time to go beyond throwing open the doors after taking a bath and wiping up the water after a shower, but to take more drastic measures, a bathroom hood is exactly what you need. Noiseless hood or forced, a system with a fan or a device with a timer - all this does not matter, the hood for the toilet and bathroom is a necessity, not a luxury interior accessory. The hood in the bathroom will help get rid of moisture that soaks things and destroys the finishes of walls, ceilings, from smell and mold in the tile joints.
Bathroom: types and features of the hood
When choosing a ventilation system, it is important to know what they are like. So, extracts to the toilet and bathroom can be both natural and forced.
- natural extract operates on the principle of pressure difference between the air in the apartment and outside. Coming from the air intake shaft, the air flows are mixed and displace the exhaust air, replacing it with fresh air. For the functionality of natural ventilation, an open door, window, or flow from the ventilation duct is quite enough (there is an exhaust grille in the toilet and bathroom that covers the entrance to the channel).
Important! When the shaft is clogged or broken, the natural air flow stops and you need to either clean the ventilation duct (call the master) or restore the ventilation ducts.
- Forced ventilation- This is a system that works with the help of fans that pump clean air or send waste masses to the air ducts.
If natural ventilation is installed at the construction stage of the building, representing a chain of connected channels located inside the walls and leading to the attic, then a forced ventilation system can be formed at any time interval.
The question of whether a hood is needed in the bathroom can only be answered in the affirmative. But if the new natural system functions perfectly and completely copes with its task, then in case of blockage or breakdown, a forced system is needed. It is set if:
- The natural inflow and outflow of air is not fully carried out;
- The force of the reverse draft is so strong that the hood in the ceiling of the bathroom or on the wall supplies already exhausted air full of unpleasant odors;
- Remodeling of the bathroom with the installation of an electric sauna or a steam generator. In this case, natural ventilation will not cope with the volume of steam and an automatic extractor hood is needed for a reinforced type bathroom.
The choice of device and device for the organization of the ventilation system
To purchase a device that will fully cope with its duties, you need to know some characteristics:
- Electric hood for the bathroom must meet safety standards, be in a sealed enclosure. Drops of water and splashes often reach the ceiling, so even a ceiling hood for a bathroom must be completely protected from exposure to liquid vapors;
- Compliance of the device with quality standards, the presence of certificates, warranty documents and indications of the class of the device (protection not less than IP-34) is a guarantee of the safety of the structure and a long period of flawless operation;
- Extraction performance is another required element. If an exhaust hood is installed from the toilet through the bathroom, then the design will process considerable air masses, and a device such as a diametrical fan has an extremely low efficiency and simply cannot cope with the task.
Advice! Paying attention to productivity, start from the figure of 90-100 m3 / h. This is the optimal figure for a middle-class device.
- Appliance power is also important. Performance directly depends on it. If the electric bathroom hood is supplemented with humidity sensors, timers or other accessories, the power must be above average!
- Dimensions. The hood in the bathroom should be compact. Even if the area of the room allows you to install climate control, then you should not hang a huge device, it is unaesthetic and completely spoils the look of the room.
Advice! Thanks to the huge range of offered devices, choosing the right fan (hood) is not difficult. Built-in devices are very good, the installation of which is carried out directly in the wall of the ventilation duct shaft. Such an extract from the bathroom through the toilet has a low noise level, is able to process sufficient volumes of air, and at the same time it can be both supply and supply and exhaust. That is, depending on the needs, you are provided with both progressive layers of fresh air and the outflow of exhaust streams.
- Device quality does not depend on power and performance, as well as external beauty. In order for the forced exhaust to the bathroom to work for a long time, you should pay attention to customer reviews and the quality standards of the manufacturer;
- Noise level is one of the main criteria. Agree, the size of the bathroom hood is not as important as the noise of the blades. It is not at all interesting to overshadow an evening bath with the howls of a propeller, therefore the maximum noise threshold should be no more than 25 dB, no higher!
- Device cost should be optimal. If the seller pushes a mind-blowingly expensive product, explaining that “you can’t buy cheaper”, this is not the store. You can always pick up a simple and affordable exhaust fan that will perfectly cope with all its duties.
Bathroom fans: types
The functionality of the device is of great importance, so you need to know how to choose a hood for the bathroom. Fans are divided into two types: standard and automatic.
- The standard type is a conventional axial system with a reverse valve that blocks the flow of exhaust air into the room. Such a hood for the kitchen and bathroom works simply: turn on the light - it functions, turn it off - it stops. Convenience and practicality are undeniable, especially if there are small children, forgetful relatives in the house. But when the reception of evening or morning water procedures is long, a standard hood will not cope with a large amount of steam.
- Automatic type- more advanced and expensive. The device has a special timer that can be set for a certain operating time, and often there is also a hydrostat. With the help of a sensor, the fan (hood) will determine the level of humidity and turn on. For example, an extractor hood with a damper for a bathroom: the device itself opens when it is turned on, and closes the damper at the end - no exhaust air masses and unpleasant odors - very convenient!
Here are the main options for choosing a device. It remains only to choose which kind of extract from the bath through the toilet or from the kitchen to the bathroom you need and install it yourself.
Advice! When installing the device, pay attention to the diameter of the hood in the bathroom, especially if you plan to mount the structure in the duct wall. A large diameter may render the device unusable.
In order for the structure to sit firmly, the installation must be carried out at a high level, using self-tapping screws. The seams can be sealed with sealant, so you will reduce the noise level when the fans are running. In some cases, you will need to make a duct for the hood in the bathroom. You can see a photo of the design, as well as get acquainted with the types of fans in the photo gallery located at the bottom of the page.
Advice! The hood must be connected to the power supply. But there are excellent devices that run on batteries, on a battery. They work completely autonomously, regardless of the height of installation and the availability of power. Sometimes such a precaution is very important, especially when it comes to a room with an extremely high level of humidity.
The presence of a properly equipped ventilation system in the bathroom allows you to remove excess moisture that accumulates in the room. As you know, too high humidity provokes the development of fungus and mold, which adversely affect humans. Therefore, the hood is an integral part of the bathroom. How to install a hood in the bathroom, we will consider further.
Extractor hood in the bathroom - the advantages of installation
The presence of a hood in the bathroom has the following advantages:
1. Preservation of wall and ceiling finishes. If there is no extractor hood in the bathroom, then moisture begins to accumulate in the room. It, in turn, leads to the formation of mold and fungus on the walls and ceiling, the finish begins to deteriorate and the room needs to be repaired.
2. Comfortable conditions for staying in the bathroom. In addition, the hood contributes to the constant circulation of air in the room. Thus, entering the bathroom, you feel comfortable.
3. A variety of hoods allows you to choose the best option for your room. Since hoods vary in power, type and principle of operation, they have a modern design and fit perfectly into any room interior.
4. Installation of the device is carried out quickly enough, it is not necessary to hire a specialist to perform it, it is enough to carefully study the instruction manual for the device and recommendations for installing the hood in the bathroom.
5. Automatic activation of most hoods facilitates their operation, and modern built-in motion sensors and timers allow you to adjust the indoor climate without human intervention.
6. The low electricity consumption is due to the automatic control of turning the hood on and off.
7. The presence of a check valve allows you to avoid the appearance of an unpleasant smell in the room, which enters from the street or into the bathroom.
8. Low noise output is another important advantage of installing an extractor hood in the bathroom. Modern devices produce quite little noise, which ensures the comfort of staying indoors, and, importantly, in a small apartment, especially at night, the sound of the hood is almost inaudible.
9. Duration of operation - when choosing a high-quality hood, it will serve its owners for more than ten years. No need for additional care or repair.
Extractor hood in the bathroom in a private house - varieties and features
In relation to the type of air exchange, ventilation in the bathroom can be of two types:
- natural;
- forced.
The first option involves the implementation of air exchange due to the fact that in the bathroom and on the street there is air of different temperatures. Through the hole in the wall, on which the ventilation grill is located, air is exchanged. However, this ventilation is inefficient if the outdoor air is warmer than the indoor air. In addition, bathing in the bathroom, there is a risk of getting sick from the presence of drafts. Therefore, it is preferable to choose forced ventilation for the bathroom.
In order to provide forced ventilation, it will be necessary to install a special device in the form of an exhaust hood. Namely, it contributes to the air exchange in the bathroom. Installation of this device is carried out in the ventilation system, if available, or directly into the wall. Thus, the hood takes air from the room, and fresh air enters it through the door or window.
In relation to the functional features of the devices, the ventilation system in the bathroom can be:
- exhaust - the main device of which is an extractor hood that sucks air from the room;
- supply - natural ventilation system;
- combined - the most effective and popular type of arrangement of ventilation in the bathroom.
In relation to the presence of channels, the ventilation system is of two types:
- channelless - simpler, the hood is installed directly into the hole made in the wall;
- the duct version is popular if the building already has a duct ventilation system, in which case the fan is installed at the beginning of the ducts, while taking into account the fact that it is imperative to choose hoods with a check valve.
Extractor hood in the bathroom - dimensions, features of choice
Before proceeding with the installation of an exhaust fan in the bathroom, it is necessary to calculate the power of the device and select its model. We offer you to familiarize yourself with the features of calculating the performance of an exhaust fan for a bathroom:
F=v[(5….10), where:
- F - performance value;
- v is the volume of the bathroom itself.
In brackets is the value of the coefficient, which indicates the frequency of operation of the bathroom.
For example, the length of your bathroom is 4m, and the width and height are 3 and 2, to calculate the volume, all these values are multiplied together, thus obtaining 4x2x3 \u003d 24 cubic meters. If the bathroom is designed for one person who takes a shower twice a day, then it is enough to multiply this value by 5. And so, depending on the frequency of using the bathroom, choose the appropriate coefficient. As a result, we get a hood with a capacity of about 120 units.
Please note that the installation of this device in the bathroom is absolutely safe. In most cases, manufacturers take into account the fact that the hood is installed in a room with high humidity and equip it with additional splash protection. When choosing a hood, this condition must be taken into account. The safety and moisture resistance class of the device is designated as IP, the safety of the device depends on the value of this figure.
In addition, if you are planning to install a hood in the bathroom, please note that under the door or in another place it is necessary to arrange a gap that will provide additional air supply to the bathroom.
It will not be superfluous to purchase a device that contains motion sensors, timers, humidity controllers, etc. These devices greatly simplify the operation of the hood and make its work of high quality, without human intervention.
Exhaust in the bathroom with a non-return valve, allows you to prevent the ingress of foreign smell, debris or dirt from the street into the room. Therefore, when choosing a hood for the bathroom, it is best to give preference to a device with a check valve.
In addition, the technical characteristics of the hood indicate the level of its noise, try to buy models with the lowest performance. Although, in order to provide additional sound insulation, the ventilation shafts are treated with special materials, and a device in the form of a sound absorber is mounted near the hood.
The choice of one or another hood for the bathroom should be based on the parameters of the room itself, the frequency of using the bath or shower. Therefore, to obtain a high-quality result, try to take into account all the individual parameters of the bathroom when buying an exhaust fan.
The most important factor in the correct installation of the hood in the bathroom is its safety, since the bathroom is a room with high humidity, the hood should never come into contact with water. We do not recommend giving preference to cheap models that can harm your health.
Before buying a product, you will need its technical certification and documents confirming its compliance with all fire safety standards. If the bathroom is large enough, it is recommended to install two hoods in it, rather than mounting one too powerful, as its work will be less effective.
1. It is recommended to install the hood in the bathroom under the ceiling or at a distance of no more than 20 cm from it. Try that the hood was located opposite or obliquely from the door. Thus, it will be possible to organize an additional flow of air after it is taken with the help of an exhaust hood.
2. Please note that the performance of the hood and the quality of the functioning of the ventilation system directly depend on the correct choice of the installation location of the hood, so the installation of this device should be taken with special responsibility. Despite the fact that the hood can be the most expensive and high quality, a violation of its installation technology will lead to a decrease in its efficiency.
3. If the bathroom already has a ventilation duct, then the hood should be mounted in it. At the same time, it is recommended to use tools such as a hammer, chisel and grinder to expand it.
4. To fix the fan in the ventilation opening, use liquid nails, special fasteners or self-tapping screws. When choosing a mounting method, be guided by the individual parameters of the room.
5. If the fan is properly installed, it will be completely in the vent. On the outer part of the wall there is a ventilation grill. When choosing a hood for the bathroom, make sure that the ventilation grill is fully consistent with the overall style of the interior, or at least be made with it in the same color scheme.
6. To additionally seal the joint between the grille and the wall and at the same time reduce the noise output of the device, use a silicone-based sealant. It is applied to the surface of the grating before fixing it to the wall.
7. To enable the fan to be switched on and off manually, it is connected to a separate switch. Although it is possible to arrange the connection of the hood to a two-key switch, one key of which is responsible for turning on the light in the bathroom, and the second for the operation of the hood.
Tip: Before fixing the ventilation grille, we recommend that you check the correct installation of the hood in the bathroom and its performance.
Extractor hood in the bathroom installation - technological features
Before you make a hood in the bathroom, you should determine the presence or absence of a vent in it. If this is present, then the hood is mounted directly into it, otherwise, it is necessary to equip a hole in the wall or ceiling for mounting the hood. Learn more about installing the hood in the bathroom with your own hands, learn from the instructions:
1. Consider the option of having a ventilation duct in the bathroom. In this case, the grill is removed from it, then the channel is checked for operability. Please note that this condition is mandatory, otherwise, mounting the hood on a non-working ventilation duct will be ineffective.
2. If there is debris, dirt, dust in the channel, it must be cleaned. For these purposes, you will need a special tool or perhaps even hiring a team of specialists to perform such work.
3. When choosing a fan, you should first consider the size of the ventilation hole. That is, there are differences between the size of the fan and the openings should be minimal.
5. Fix the fan to the wall using dowels or a special polymer-based adhesive. It is preliminary recommended to connect it to electricity and check it for operability.
Tip: When choosing a location for the fan, try to place it away from the shower, where it comes into contact with water, or the floor. Since mounting the hood at the bottom of the wall is inefficient.
During the operation of the hood, one should not forget that it is periodically necessary to clean the filters located under the ventilation grille.
How to install a hood in the bathroom video:
Regular temperature changes and the use of water in the bathroom make it the wettest room in the apartment. Evaporation from hot water settles on horizontal and vertical surfaces in the form of condensate, creating a steam room when taking a shower or bath.
As a result of high humidity, pockets of mold form on walls, ceilings and corners. To prevent the development of the fungus, modernize the ventilation system. One way to create a comfortable microclimate is to install equipment such as an extractor hood in the bathroom.
It would seem that stagnation in a combined bathroom or bathroom should not exist, since any living space is equipped with natural ventilation. Moreover, a properly planned ventilation system is one of the conditions for comfortable adoption of water procedures.
If we are talking about apartment buildings, then the scheme includes through ventilation shafts that end in the attic or technical floor and have exits in all bathrooms and kitchens without exception. Moreover, modern norms and rules recommend separate ventilation ducts to each apartment individually.
Previously, brickwork was used to equip channels, now these are concrete wells or pvc pipes.
On the scheme of the apartment ventilation device, the lines and exit points of the ventilation openings are indicated. The circulation is arranged in such a way that air enters one room and is removed from another.
Natural ventilation involves the spontaneous circulation of air that exits through holes in the walls or ceiling into a shaft located in the wall ceilings.
The layout of the ventilation system of a private one-story house may differ slightly: most often the shaft begins with a hole in the ceiling and ends with an exit to the roof.
When designing and installing ventilation, the following rules are followed:
- for each room there is a separate air duct located vertically;
- during the construction of channels, one should choose a material that guarantees the unhindered passage of air, that is, with smooth inner walls;
- it is allowed to combine several air ducts into one in the attic area;
- if the toilet and bathroom are located in the same apartment, natural ventilation devices can be connected.
The standard scheme for the movement of air masses in a city apartment: fresh air enters through the windows of the rooms, “used” air exits through the vents in the kitchen, bathroom and toilet
If natural draft does not justify itself, and circulation is not enough to keep the air fresh, forced ventilation is installed - a device that forces air masses to move from rooms to the mine.
Sometimes the device of the forced system is regulated by sanitary norms and rules (SNiP). For example, if a sauna with an electric furnace or a steam generator is installed in the house. In this case, we recommend that you contact a certified organization for special calculations of the required fan power and pipe diameter. Information can always be found on the websites of your city.
When is a hood installed?
Let's try to figure out whether it is possible to independently determine the condition and efficiency of the ventilation system. You don't need any special skills or special tools to check it. There are “markers” that make it easy to recognize the failure of the natural circulation:
- fogging of mirrors and glass surfaces while taking water procedures;
- wet background that does not disappear over time (towels dry slowly);
- the appearance of black dots on the tile joints, in the corners of the ceiling and along the perimeter of the bath - the beginning of the development of fungal foci.
The appearance of mold and fungus is accompanied by an unpleasant odor, the gradual destruction of the decorative walls, but there is a more serious danger - a negative impact on the health of the apartment owners.
The consequence of insufficient ventilation is the appearance of mold on the grout in the tile joints. If you do not establish air circulation in time and do not get rid of small foci, the fungus will cover all concrete, plastic, plastered, wooden surfaces
Perhaps the ventilation is faulty. We check in a simple way - with the help of a lit match. If the flame quickly goes out or leans towards the hood, then the reason lies elsewhere, but if it remains motionless, then it is necessary to clean the shaft and the forced ventilation device.
The most popular device that provides maximum air circulation is a fan.
The traditional air movement test is not always effective, to accurately determine the presence of a sufficient level of circulation, a qualified person with an anemometer should be invited
Do-it-yourself extractor hood in the bathroom
For self-assembly, a fan inserted into a technical frame and equipped with a hydrostat (humidity sensor) is most suitable. The cost of the device depends on the power, the volume of pumped air and the availability of additional functions.
For example, the simplest electric model with a power of 40 W costs about 3,000 rubles, and a silent German device with a touch sensor and a reverse protection valve costs 12,000 rubles.
One of the simplest options is an inexpensive circular centrifugal fan without additional equipment, installed in the center of the vent.
Preparatory work and installation requirements
Before starting work on the installation of an electrical device, it is necessary to check whether the ventilation shaft is functioning. Too narrow a passage, clogged with grease and dust, requires cleaning. The homeowner on his own can clean the channel leading from the apartment to the central riser.
To do this, carefully remove the grate, remove a layer of dust from it, rinse with detergents and dry. The walls of the channel, covered with dirt, can be treated with a scraper or a stiff brush, then thoroughly vacuumed and wiped with a damp cloth.
It will be possible to clean a small section of the ventilation duct, but even preventive work will improve traction.
The small diameter of the hole makes the ventilation duct difficult to access and does not allow you to properly clean its walls. Use improvised material - hard brushes with handles, brushes
It will not be possible to clean the central highway on its own, since access to the general building engineering systems is open only to special services. Perhaps it makes sense to consult with the neighbors and leave a group request to have the main shaft professionally cleaned along the entire length of the riser.
Having provided a path to the exit of air from the room, you should also take care of the supply ventilation. To do this, it is necessary to arrange a gap through which the replacement air would enter the bath. The greater the distance from the inlet to the hood, the more efficient the ventilation will be.
Sometimes it is enough to make a small, 1.5-2 cm wide gap between the door and the threshold, but if there is not enough traction, a grill should be installed at the bottom of the door leaf.
In the diagram, the red arrows indicate the movement of supply ventilation. It must have access to the bathroom, toilet and kitchen, otherwise the circulation will be disturbed, and the installation of the fan will be useless
The last point is the choice of a ventilation device model with suitable characteristics: correctly selected power, noise level, functional indicators. The device must be safe for others and easy to maintain. Preference is usually given to modern models with a timer and a humidity sensor.
The hydrostat (humidity sensor) reacts to increased humidity and turns on the device in automatic mode.
Be prepared for the fact that the installation of an electric hood requires additional construction work, including making holes in the wall or ceiling, laying cables with subsequent finishing.
Ways to connect to the power supply
The feasibility of one or another connection method depends on the location of the hood, the features of the interior design and the technical capabilities of the device itself.
Here are the most common options:
- inclusion by means of the button or a cord;
- simultaneous connection with lighting fixtures;
- automatic switching on by humidity level;
- control of a separate switch key.
It is most convenient to use a fan with automatic control: no force is required: it turns on automatically when the humidity level increases. It can be installed in a wall, in a corner or on the ceiling - in any inaccessible place, because there is no need for daily maintenance.
For the wiring device, they ditch the wall or mount the box.
The only disadvantage of such models is the high price.
The most common way to mask wires is to lay the wires under a layer of ceramic tiles. There is another option - eyeliner in the sub-ceiling space, if hinged plastic panels or drywall are used
Inexpensive models are usually equipped with a power button or a short cord, which, if necessary, must be pulled. Problems arise if the exhaust outlet is located above the toilet, bathtub or high on the ceiling - this complicates access to the device. If a fan of this type is installed during the repair process, the lace is replaced with a switch, which is located in the accessibility zone, and the leash is led into the wall.
Combining the simultaneous switching on of the lamp and the fan is convenient, but not always rational: one press activates two devices. The fact is that the air does not always have time to ventilate by the time you leave the bathroom, and leaving the light on for the sake of the fan is uneconomical.
Now there are models with delayed fan shutdown. Typically, this is ten minutes by default. Some devices have a minute scale and a lever for self-adjustment. Sometimes there is equipment with a low-power light source - a “night lamp” that burns all the time the fan is running.
A common simple solution is a two-button switch - the lighting can be turned off and the fan left on, and vice versa.
Scheme of connecting a fan to a light source in a bathroom. The switch, as usual, is led out into the corridor, and a junction box with clamps is additionally installed inside the room
If the ceramic tile has not yet been laid, it is best to hide the wiring under it. In a completely finished room, you will have to use plastic camouflage boxes. Against the background of designer tiles, they will look out of place, but they will fulfill their main function - ensuring security.
How to properly prepare the installation site?
The ideal place to mount the hood is a vent for natural air circulation leading to a common riser. It is present in all bathrooms and bathrooms and is usually located in the upper part of the main wall, under the ceiling.
The dimensions of the hole allow (during the normal functioning of the system) to pass 100 m³ / h, which is optimal for small bathrooms or combined bathrooms in brick and panel houses of typical construction.
Before buying a ventilation device, be sure to measure the diameter of the outlet, otherwise, during installation, you will have to further expand or narrow the finished opening
The fan is selected taking into account the dimensions of the outlet. The standard diameter parameters are 10 cm, 12.5 cm, 15 cm, respectively, the fan dimensions should be similar. If you have purchased a powerful hood, the dimensions of which are larger than the hole, then it can be expanded with a puncher.
Often, the area of bathrooms in private houses and apartments with an improved layout exceeds 10 m², and one ventilation hole is not enough. It is possible to equip an additional channel, however, it is impossible to make changes to the engineering scheme of the premises on your own, you must contact the specialists.
Fan mounting
For self-installation, you need elementary skills in owning a construction tool and a detailed instruction diagram, which usually comes with the device. Manufacturers who value their reputation describe the installation process in an accessible form and in different languages, accompanying the instructions with clear pictures and diagrams.
The absence of a manual suggests that the company, most likely, will not give guarantees and will not be responsible for the breakdown of the device.
Bathroom fans are made of lightweight material, have compact dimensions and a high level of protection against moisture ingress.
So, having cleaned the ventilation duct, stretched the electrical wires and prepared the hole for installation, we act in the following order:
- remove the upper decorative grille from the device;
- check the conformity of the dimensions of the channel and the fan;
- we fix the device in the hole (or pipe, if it is necessary to narrow the opening) using sealant, polymer glue, liquid nails or self-tapping screws;
- close the joints and the remaining gaps;
- return the grid to its place;
- connect the device to a power source;
- testing.
The installation process takes no more than 20 minutes, so we advise you not to rush and do all the manipulations carefully. If there was a thin mosquito net between the grill and the mechanism, be sure to put it back. It protects the room from small insects, which sometimes enter the bathroom through the ventilation shaft.
We offer you to watch a video instruction for installing a fan with your own hands:
Before you make a hood in the bathroom or bathroom, you need to choose a fan with the desired characteristics. A device with insufficient functionality will not be able to provide a comfortable atmosphere in the room, so you should carefully study all the characteristics of the model you like.
The table of air exchange rates presents the parameters that are optimal for various residential and utility rooms. Maximum values - in rooms with a high level of humidity
Pay attention to power. The minimum indicator is 60 m³ / h, the maximum is 250 m³ / h, devices with a capacity of less than 100 m³ / h are not recommended to be installed. The moisture protection class is also important, it is usually marked with the letters IP and for especially wet rooms, for example, bathrooms, it has IP 34 and higher values.
The main protection is a sealed case, so carefully inspect the device at the time of purchase.
If you love comfort and modern technical improvements, pay attention to models with motion sensors, which turn on the mechanism only in the presence of moving objects.
However, more useful is a humidity sensor - a hydrostat. If it is present, the need for control over ventilation is completely eliminated, since it is sensitive to an increase in humidity and independently controls the process of air circulation.
The power of the exhaust fan for the Marley CB-100 bathroom is only 1 watt during continuous operation. Touch settings make adjustments easy, while automation makes maintenance easier.
The timer is useful for those who like everything in order and are used to independently regulating the operation of electrical appliances. You can set the time most convenient for airing, and the device will function when you take a shower or, on the contrary, have finished water procedures.
Another important addition for apartment buildings is a non-return valve. It serves as a barrier to the movement of air from other rooms (kitchens, neighboring apartments). And the last thing that should interest you is the level of noise emitted by the device during operation. The maximum comfort limit is 25 dB.
Tips for choosing a bathroom fan in the following video:
If you are used to making repairs in your own apartment on your own, it will not be difficult to figure out the device of the fan and its installation.
However, we recommend entrusting the construction of a new ventilation duct or cleaning the central line to specialists.
The bathroom is a room that gets very damp from time to time. Therefore, it requires ventilation almost more than any other room in the house. Good ventilation keeps the air fresh and mold free in the bathroom. The health of the people who will use it depends to a large extent on how thoughtful and technically correct the solution to the issue of its ventilation will be.
Bathroom ventilation can be natural or forced. In some cases, if necessary, combine both types of ventilation.
Why do you need an extractor
The convenience of using it depends on good ventilation of the bathroom. Almost every activity in the bathroom, whether doing laundry, bathing or showering, causes water vapor to accumulate and increase the level of humidity in that room. If all this moisture is not removed in time, the consequences of such moisture can adversely affect people and objects in this room.
In addition to the inconvenience of not being able to see yourself well in a foggy mirror, constant high humidity causes other problems:
Condensation settling on all surfaces and objects in the bathroom. Walls, ceiling, furniture and plumbing are almost constantly damp. The development of a film of mold, bacteria and fungi where condensate has accumulated. Dampness of all more or less hygroscopic objects. For example, dry towels, dirty linen. Wooden, linen or woven from natural materials baskets for dirty laundry from prolonged moistening can deteriorate, lose their beautiful appearance or even collapse. The same fate can befall wooden furniture. Stuffy, musty air, making it difficult to breathe in such a room.
All these troubles can be easily avoided by establishing good ventilation in the bathroom. In a well-ventilated area, without damage to interior items, it will even be possible to dry wet laundry after washing.
Forced and ventilation hood
If the natural draft, which was designed and installed during the construction of the house, for some reason does not cope with its task, it is necessary to use a forced ventilation hood.
To find out if the draft is working well, just bring a lit match to the vent. The movement of the flame will show the presence and strength of thrust. The more the flame deflects, the better the ventilation works. If the flame almost does not move, the missing natural air circulation in the room must be replaced with a forced one.
If one of the points of the plan, according to which the bathroom is being renovated, is the installation and connection of an electric sauna or a steam generator, a fan that provides forced ventilation becomes necessary. Ordinary natural ventilation in this case will not cope with the humidity that results from the operation of these devices.
Electric hood
The most commonly used electric exhaust fans. They all work on the same principle. An electric motor drives the impeller. The fan blades direct air through the piping system outside the bathroom. Therefore, when planning the installation of such an electric hood, you must immediately take care of a sufficient flow of air into the room. To protect the electrical appliance from water ingress, which can cause a short circuit, it is better to choose a model designed with a splash guard.
Modern exhaust fans designed for bathrooms, so that you do not have to turn them on yourself, are equipped with automation. For example, motion sensors that turn on the fan only when someone is in the room. Some of them also turn on the light at the same time. Other versions of such devices, thanks to the built-in timer, are able to work according to a given program and turn off in time.
Models equipped with a humidity sensor are very convenient. When it is triggered, the device starts working automatically, when a certain level of humidity in the bathroom is reached. The check valve installed in some models of bathroom hoods does not allow air from other rooms to enter the bathroom, for example from another apartment in an apartment building. It also protects the fan from street dust.
Since absolutely silent fans have not yet been invented, to combat this inconvenience, you can use a special device - a noise absorber. It is installed behind the fan. In addition, soundproofing material, which trims the upper part of the ventilation shaft, will also help to reduce noise.
How to install a hood in the bathroom
There are several general rules, the observance of which, when installing the hood in the bathroom, will make its work more productive:
The best place to install the hood is on the wall opposite the one where the door is located. It is best if the exhaust fan is located under the ceiling. At the same time, natural air circulation will help it work better. Most often, this device is installed in an existing ventilation duct. To connect the hood to the electrical network, for added convenience, it is better to allocate a separate switch.
Modern industry produces a variety of models of hoods for bathrooms. Their design and coloration can vary greatly. Therefore, it will not be difficult to find a suitable version of this device and adapt it to the chosen style of bathroom design. The usefulness of this device leaves no doubt.
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