The design calculation of the foundation considers the weight of the FBS blocks according to the parameters of the permissible load on the base area of the structure under construction. If the bearing capacity of the soil at the construction site turns out to be less than the total weight of the above-ground part + the mass of blocks laid in its supporting part, then you will have to look for another version of the foundation, change the dimensions and weight of the elements, the area of \u200b\u200bsupport, use combinations constructive solutions(for example, pile-grillage type of support). In the estimate, it is also transport and procurement costs, the operation of machines and mechanisms.
How to deal with blocks
Foundation blocks are monolithic concrete parallelepipeds, which are used for mounting vertical walls of a strip base or individual supports for light frame houses, log cabins.
According to their intended purpose, the elements are used for the installation of wall structures of the basement, laying in deep foundations of basements, and are divided into 3 types:
- solid;
- solid with a cutout (for the possibility of laying jumpers or passing communications);
- hollow (FBP with open voids on the underside).
At the side ends of such a product, there are grooves for filling with a binder solution in order to ensure that the blocks are connected in the same row with each other.
On top there are 2 mounting loops for laying with slings with hooks. The total mass of the monolith is reinforced to enhance the bearing capacity (must be indicated in the project).
An example of what FBS blocks look like is shown in this photo:
The material for production is heavy, expanded clay and silicate dense grades of concrete.
In construction, for the installation of reliable foundations, a product line of solid foundation blocks FBS made of heavy concrete is used. Expanded clay concrete FBS (porous fillers from baked clay), blocks of dense silicate concrete, FBV, FBP are described in detail in GOST 13579-78* as materials for building basement walls.
Characteristics
There is no special need to calculate the weight of a standard foundation block - products are manufactured strictly according to technology in forms fixed size from concrete grade M100 or M200. The solution is compacted by obligatory vibrocompression, the resulting blanks are steamed in special chambers for a certain time, therefore they have almost the same density and volume.
Based on such manufacturing conditions, the weight of the foundation blocks of a certain brand contains a reference table:
The brand of the product contains all the necessary information so that you can determine how much the desired weight weighs. foundation block, knowing the weight of 1 m³ of concrete from which it is made.
The abbreviation denoting the brand indicates all dimensions of the FBS in dm.
For example, FBS 24-4-6-t denotes products 240 cm long, 40 cm wide, 60 cm high. The letter designations at the end have the following meaning:
- T - heavy concrete on crushed stone;
- L - lightweight concrete;
- P - expanded clay acts as a filler;
- C - silicate solution.
The construction of a foundation from ready-made FBS with the correct design justification, based on the geological conditions of the site, reduces the time of work (in relation to the required period of building the strength of the concrete monolith) and the cost of this part of the building.
Why is it necessary to be able to at least roughly calculate a rational version of the foundation from FBS blocks for own house, you can hear from the expert in this video:
Calculate yourself
In self-calculation of the number of required blocks, knowledge of geometry is used: it is necessary to divide the total volume of the intended foundation by the volume of 1 selected block. But not everything is so simple - the ground sole must withstand the construction.
Consider the sequence of calculations using the following example:
- The weight of the future building (external and internal walls, ceilings, roof, equipment and furniture) will approximately not exceed 12,000 kg.
- For the construction of columnar foundation supports, we choose FBS 2-2-4-t. It will take 17 support points with a total area of 6,800 cm² (2 dm x 2 dm x 17 pcs). With a height of 2 blocks, they will need 34 pieces with a total weight of 30 kg x 34 = 1,020 kg.
- The total weight of the building with the foundation, respectively, is 13,020 kg. We consider the load per 1 cm² of soil: 13,020 / 6,800 = 1.915 kg / cm².
Solution: if the bearing capacity of the soil at the construction site is 2 kg / cm² and above, then the foundation is chosen correctly, otherwise the total bearing area of the foundation blocks (number of points or grade) will have to be changed upwards.
The fundamental collection, which is guided by the correct laying of the foundation, is SP 22.13330.2011, as well as the updated version of SNiP 2.02.01-83.
In areas with soils with weak performance, the weight distribution area of the house can be increased by creating a special pillow under the FBS. It can be arranged in several ways:
- From the sand of the middle fraction, a layer of calculated thickness expanding to the bottom at an angle of 35 ° (on each side) is poured. The depth of the backfill is determined as follows: the blocks have a width of 3 dm, the thickness of the sand is 0.2 m, then the size of the load transfer along the bottom of the pillow for the foundation to be equipped will be 0.63 m.
- Skinny reinforced concrete. The sole is made somewhat wider than the block and performs a dual function: it distributes the weight and prevents the overall structure from deforming due to different settling of the elements.
- Ready-made concrete products of factory production.
Make your own solid foundation for the subsequent installation of vertical walls from foundation blocks of less weight in the form of a prefabricated tape, it will not require a significant increase in the consumption of materials, but will increase the stability and strength of the building foundation during the entire period of its operation.
A sample of the preparation of the sole for laying FBS is visible in this photo.
During installation, the blocks are laid on ready concrete or cement-sand mortar self cooking. Vertical joints are also filled with mortar. For laying FBS, you need a truck crane and a team of 5 or more people (slinging and mortar work).
In the practical implementation of calculations, it must be taken into account that the thickness of the seam between the rows of foundation blocks is up to 40 mm. When drafting the length and height of the blocks, for convenience, it is taken more than the actual one by 20 mm, and the joints between the elements are marked with a line.
The weight of foundation blocks plays an important role in construction. It determines how many elements are needed to make the foundation and whether the foundation can withstand the load placed on it. It is also the main parameter that is taken into account when choosing special equipment for the transportation and installation of FBS.
General characteristics
FBS are solid foundation blocks that are used when mounting base walls. They are presented in the form of parallelepipeds poured from concrete, inner part which has no voids. At the ends of each product there are grooves for connecting building elements to each other. Mounting loops are on the top surface.
They are made from heavy, expanded clay or dense silicate concrete grades. They have standard sizes and weight according to GOST.
In the marking of these building elements, the dimensions are rounded to decimeters.
- 100 - the length of the plate, equates to 100 cm;
- 4 - the width of the product is 40 cm;
- 3 - the height of the building element, respectively 30 cm.
- L - the product is made of lightweight concrete.
The abbreviation denotes not only the dimensions, but also the type of mixture from which the blocks are made: "T" - from heavy concrete, "P" - from expanded clay, "C" - from silicate mortar.
Watch a video on how to fill a block into a special shape.
Depending on the brand of FBS, the weight of the product changes, which can be seen in Table 1.
Table 1. Block grades Plate brand, presence of reinforcement (to increase bearing capacity building material), as well as the brand of concrete used for the manufacture of FBS, are selected at the stage design work, depending on the load acting on the base under the base of the foundation.
How many products are needed for the construction of a foundation or walls is calculated depending on the load-bearing properties of the FBS and their geometric shape.
Why do you need to know the weight of the plates
The disadvantage of the blocks is that the process of their installation is quite complicated.
FBS is used for the installation of the foundation and the construction of walls. Their main advantage lies in the fact that construction site these designs go to ready-made, so there is no need to waste time on achieving the desired strength of concrete. This greatly speeds up the work.
In the manufacture of these building elements, special technologies: drying or steaming products in the factory, this provides the blocks with a standard degree of hardness, frost resistance and compressive strength. To protect the plates from the aggressive action of atmospheric and ground water they are covered with a waterproofing layer based on bitumen.
The weight of the slabs depends on the size of the products and the brand of concrete used in their manufacture, plus the amount of reinforcement. It affects the quality and strength of the base. You can find it using the assortment.
Having determined how much the blocks weigh, builders can calculate how much equipment is needed for their delivery and installation, as well as calculate the load that the FBS foundation can withstand.
Of course, it is advisable to entrust the calculation of the foundation to professionals, but you can also use an online calculator for these purposes. To independently calculate the number of base blocks, you need to divide the volume of the foundation by the volume of one block. After that, select the dimensions of the FBS, which, when summed, are equal to the size of the foundation.
The brand of mortar from which the plate is made, as well as the presence of voids in it, reduces permissible loads to this block. If all calculations are done correctly, then the results construction works the owners will receive a stable and durable foundation.
The dimensions of the slab, the brand of concrete also affect the mass of the block. Having learned how much the product weighs (by weighing this building element), you can calculate its density and compare it with the declared density of the plant. So you will be able to protect yourself from a fake.
It is preferable to buy certified products of well-known brands that have proven themselves in construction market. If there is no quality certificate for building materials, it is better to refuse it, because it is not known what technical characteristics it has.
As before, the wood of pine, larch, cedar, spruce, fir, oak, ash, walnut and many other coniferous and hardwood species is actively used in construction due to its qualities such as high strength, ease of processing, beautiful surface pattern created by the direction of the fibers , ecology.
True, buildings and wood products are exposed to external aggressive factors: high humidity and temperature, sudden changes temperature conditions, harmful insects, mold, fungus.
According to reviews, facade paint on wood helps to make the material less vulnerable.
Previously, for painting wooden elements used oil paints on drying oil, now the range of paints for wooden facades has increased significantly due to a variety of dispersion materials- acrylic antiseptic primers, acrylic and alkyd enamels, reinforced with polyurethane colorless varnishes.
When choosing protection, it is important to know the properties and purpose of all these paints, which will save money when choosing a reliable facade coating.
Is it necessary to use a protective coating?
facade paint at right approach to its choice allows not only to solve certain aesthetic problems, but also to protect the wood from excess moisture, exposure to ultraviolet rays, harmful insects, fungus, mold, help extend the service life by preventing rapid aging, emphasize the beautiful natural structure of the tree.
When choosing facade paints for wood, many factors are taken into account, including:
- The type of wood. There is an unspoken rule according to which for load-bearing structures, conifers, interior decoration carried out through valuable breeds. In the decoration of facades, both coniferous and hardwoods- pine, spruce, aspen, birch, linden, in more expensive option- larch, cedar.
- natural conditions in which wooden facade will be operated, while performing a protective function for the entire structure.
- Possibility to pre-treat the material before starting the installation of parts or re-treat the surface, which during operation has been exposed to the environment.
- When re-processing - taking into account whether the previous paint for wooden facades is combined with a new one that differs in composition.
Types and types of modern coatings
For outdoor woodwork, you can use one of the proposed coating options, depending on which design solution to be implemented and how much money is planned to be spent.
However, the painting of wooden facade areas implies the use of additional funds, whose names are not so easy to understand.
Paint is commonly referred to as homogeneous suspensions of pigments in substances that, during drying, form a homogeneous film with the property of opacity.
Their composition to improve performance can be supplemented with various fillers, plasticizers, solvents, hardeners.
Enamels are a suspension of pigments in varnish, which, when dried, forms a hard, opaque decorative film with original textures.
Varnishes are solutions of substances in organic solvents, which form a film when dried.
In order to even out the color of the base, improve the processes of paint adhesion, special primers are used, called primers. In terms of functions, this tool is similar to a primer, which is designed to provide high-quality adhesion of the finishing layers during painting.
The composition of facade paints for wood includes a base (binder), fillers, pigments (substances for imparting color and shades), drying catalysts (desiccants), various additives to make the surface glossy or dull, increase spreadability, reduce the formation of streaks.
For facade treatment wooden house three types of paints and varnishes are used, we are talking about transparent paints and varnishes, water-dispersion paints and opaque enamels.
Transparent paints and impregnating varnishes
Transparent façade paints allow the natural structure of the wood to show through. Such material is indispensable if there is a desire to emphasize the beauty of the pattern created by wood fibers.
Transparent facade paint has the advantage that, due to its high vapor permeability, it dries quickly on the wood surface.
Modern compositions are supplemented with ultraviolet filters that protect the tree from sunlight. But even in conditions of high humidity, such paint for facades allows the wood to dry in accordance with operational requirements.
A facade protected with transparent facade paints on wood will not age prematurely, so repainting will only be needed after a few years, and without removing the previous layer.
The price of transparent paints for wooden facades on the market ranges from 200 rubles per 1 liter, which can be justified by a set of performance characteristics.
Water-dispersion paints and varnishes
The properties of water-dispersion paints for wooden facades have been evaluated all over the world, therefore, in the share of production of all types paintwork materials they occupy more than 80%.
As the name implies, the solvent for this type of paint is water, and acrylates (esters and salts of acrylic acid) are most often used as binders. Alkyd resins synthesized mainly from phthalic anhydride, glyphthalic or pentaphthalic resins, synthetic latexes can be used.
The coating obtained as a result of painting the facade of a wooden house is characterized by high parameters for color fastness, susceptibility to moisture and sun.
At the same time, the vapor permeability and water resistance of the resulting surface is provided by "breathing" walls, which is one of the most important indicators for the comfort of housing.
When using facade dispersion paints, avoid low temperatures. The fact is that the surface of the tree after applying the protective layer becomes frost-resistant, but the solution itself delaminates under the influence of low temperature, losing its best performance characteristics.
Painting of wooden facades with water-dispersion materials can be carried out in any accessible form: spray, multiple coats with roller or brush.
Water-dispersion paints, the price of which exceeds 2 c.u. per 1 kilogram, they have another undoubted quality - durability.
Re-painting a wooden facade in case of unfavorable natural conditions may be needed after 4 years, but in some cases, even after 8 years, the structure will look like new.
Properties of opaque enamels on organic solvents
Paint for wooden products, and facades, including organic solvents, was quite popular, but gradually lost its position due to the spread of water-dispersion coatings for facade work.
Among the main disadvantages of these paints for facades wooden structures can be called increased toxicity and danger in terms of compliance with fire safety rules.
A material that does not neutralize, but increases the flammability of wood, causes understandable concerns among consumers.
Among the minuses is the fragility of painting: the film forms on the surface without penetrating into the middle of the wood. Therefore, under the influence of moisture and temperature, the surface of the facades wooden buildings quickly falls into decay, cracks.
The same "effect" can be quickly achieved if the wood is wet.
The exception is polyurethane enamels, which are quite resistant to aggressive environmental factors. They are durable, have excellent protective properties, but are made from rather toxic raw materials. The only thing that stops potential buyer- price.
How to calculate the cost of work
The exact cost of painting is determined by a number of parameters:
- the price of the used paint and varnish material;
- surface type;
- facade surface area;
- the number of layers of applied paint;
- the need to get rid of the previous protective layer;
- additional work on restoring wood, treating it with antiseptic agents, priming the painted surface and some other operations;
- materials needed for additional work such as grinding abrasives.
The price of paints, enamels and primers can vary significantly in outlets one city, while the prices for paints and varnishes of foreign manufacturers are 5 times higher than domestic ones: from 1.5 to 8 USD. for 1 kilogram.
In this case, it is necessary to take into account the consumption of paint for each square meter, and then determine the amount of material spent for painting.
Having made a preliminary calculation, you can navigate the cost of services from professionals or choose more profitable option- paint the facade with your own hands.
Repainting the house yourself
Re-painting the house is done after the type of the previous paintwork material has been determined, otherwise all efforts will be reduced to zero.
For diagnosis, you can use a sandpaper, with which the surface is rubbed. Water-dispersion paints remain on the abrasive skin, while alkyd and oil paints crumble.
If painting was carried out 10 years ago or more, it was the last of these paints that were used.
A layer of paint that is peeling and lagging behind must be carefully removed. Craftsmen do this with a blowtorch, professionals use special technical hair dryers. The surface is heated and then scraped off with a spatula or a hair dryer attachment.
Cleaned and ready for painting facade surface must be dry, then you can apply a uniform layer of paint.
Despite the widest choice of synthetic finishing materials, a huge number of people still prefer wooden facades from clapboard, siding or blockhouse.
As you know, wooden surfaces suffer from moisture, temperature changes, fungi and insects. In order for the cladding to retain a presentable appearance for a long time appearance surface needs to be treated. A properly selected coating will not only protect the wood from the adverse effects of the environment, but also emphasize the natural beauty and uniqueness of the wood structure.
Long time the only coverage option wooden houses was an oil paint based on drying oil. However, now the range has expanded many times over. Acrylic antiseptic primers, various enamels, colorless polyurethane varnishes and much more have appeared.
To do right choice paintwork, should be considered:
- what type of wood is your facade made of;
- under what weather conditions the work will be carried out, in what climate the house will be operated;
- is it possible to paint over the facade before assembly - in parts - or is it necessary to work with the finished wall.
When re-processing, you need to know what paint was used for the primary painting. If you don't know, it's easy to determine. Scrape off a piece of the old coating - the oil paint will chip off, and the acrylic will roll up.
What paints for wooden facades exist?
The choice of coating for a wooden facade, first of all, is determined by the color scheme, your taste and budget. Before leaving for hardware store Let's first understand the concepts. What is enamel, varnish and paint, how do they differ from each other?
Dye is a suspension of pigments in various substances. It creates a uniform, opaque film.
Enamel- these are pigments in varnish, in the consistency of a suspension. Hard, opaque, textured film.
varnish- substances in organic solvents.
Table. Paints that are usually used for facade decoration.
Prices for various types of building paints
Construction paints
Now about each type of coverage in more detail.
Colorless varnishes and paints
Transparent coatings qualitatively emphasize the natural structure of the tree. The advantages of such a coating, in addition to external beauty, include excellent vapor permeability, due to which such paint dries perfectly on the surface of wood. And thanks to ultraviolet filters, the wood does not fade in the sun.
On a note! Renewal of such coverage will be required not earlier than in a few years. Remove when repainting old layer no need.
The disadvantage of such coatings is the rather high cost.
Water-dispersion paints and varnishes
This type of coating is one of the most popular in the world. Water-dispersed paints occupy about 80% of the entire world paint market.
The advantages of such coatings are color fastness, resistance to moisture and sun. A breathable film is created on the treated surface, thanks to which it is very comfortable to be inside such a room.
The downside of the coating may be unsuitability for work with sub-zero temperature. Due to the presence of water in the composition, under the influence of frost, such paint exfoliates. In addition, such a coating is less durable, re-treatment may be required after about 4 years. These are mid-range paints.
Opaque enamels (traditional oil paints on drying oil and close analogues)
Such enamels based on organic solvents used to be extremely popular. AT recent times they were seriously supplanted by water-dispersion paints.
The main reason for the decline in the popularity of traditional paints is increased toxicity. Who among us at least once in his life did not feel bad, inhaling paint? In addition, such paint is more flammable. It is impossible to call opaque enamels durable. When exposed to moisture and temperature changes, the facades quickly lose their presentable appearance, and the coating cracks.
The advantage of traditional paints is low cost. These paints are among the cheapest on the market.
Obtained by mixing a binder - alkyd resin, coloring pigment and solvent (kerosene, white spirit and others). Sometimes the mixture includes a desiccant that affects the drying rate, thixotropic (to avoid spreading) and antifungal additives. This coating is water resistant, dries quickly and does not turn yellow, unlike some other coatings.
Video — Dufa. Paint for wooden facades Woodflex
How to paint the wooden facade of the house yourself?
We will need:
- work gloves;
- protective mask;
- wide brush;
- small brush;
- rag;
- grinder and sandpaper;
- drill and disc brush for drill;
- spatulas;
- paint stirrer.
First, let's find out if we are going to repaint the old, peeling wall or process a new, unpainted facade? Those who paint new facade, may skip the first step in our instructions, because we will start by removing the peeling paint.
Prices for popular drill models
Step 1: Removing Old Paint
The most important thing when repainting an old wooden facade is the quality removal of peeling paint. If you leave dangling, chipping pieces of old paint on the wall, they will soon fall off, taking some of the new coating with them. And all the work will go down the drain.
There are several ways to remove old paint. You can clean the surface with a scraper or a stiff brush, then rinse with a special solution or water under pressure and dry thoroughly. Can you warm up old paint with help building hair dryer and scrape off with a scraper or spatula. The method you choose depends on your capabilities and the condition of the old coating. The main thing is that as a result of pre-treatment, the surface becomes homogeneous, smooth and dry. No loose paint, protruding lint or smudges.
On a note! For convenience further work must be removed from the front drainpipes, other elements that protrude and may interfere with work, and, if possible, seal the windows with a film.
Step 2. Sanding and putty
For best results, both old and new wood should be sanded with grinder or a disc brush for a drill.
If there are gaps and irregularities, they must be repaired with wood putty using a spatula. For wooden facades, oil or adhesive putty is best suited. Due to its composition, it better tolerates moisture and the adverse effects of the environment. Apply a thin layer of putty to damaged areas and dry thoroughly before further processing.
Step 3. Surface treatment with a primer or antiseptic
Any wooden surface - no matter old or new - must be treated with an antiseptic or primer. The main mistake of the majority is precisely that the priming stage is omitted. It is understandable, because often a primer or antiseptic is more expensive than paint. However, it is the priming of the walls that guarantees the perfect result at the end.
Modern antiseptic impregnations not only protect wood from corrosion, insects and fungi, but also stop the beginning process of wood decay (which is very useful in the case of restoration of old walls).
New, unpainted wood surfaces also need to be primed. Typically, paint manufacturers produce primers that are ideal for the type of paint you choose. That's why the best solution- purchase a primer from the same manufacturer as the paint you have chosen. For example, if you are painting a wall with Tikkurila Pika-Teho paint, Tikkurila Valtti Pohjuste primer will work.
The primer or antiseptic is applied with a brush in one layer, carefully rubbing the composition into the wood. After coating with a primer and before painting, the wall must be dried. Different types of primers dry for a different amount of time, see the drying information on the package of your product.
Prices for wood preservatives
Impregnation for wood
Step 4. Coloring
After the surface has been sanded, primed and thoroughly dried, you can start painting.
Important! pay attention to weather where you plan to work. If you are going to process a new facade and it is possible to paint it in parts, it is better to paint indoors. If you need to paint finished wall– Carefully study the weather requirements on the paint package.
For various kinds paints climatic restrictions may vary. Manufacturers agree on one thing - do not choose wet, rainy weather, scorching sun and heat for painting, or early morning when the facade is not completely dry from dew. A dry, medium-cloudy day is best for such work. Humidity - no more than 50%, air temperature - from +5 to +20 degrees. It is recommended to start work no earlier than 10-11 am.
Before starting work, the paint must be thoroughly mixed with a paint mixer or a stick.
Various paints require different quantity applications. On average, the paint is applied in 2-3 layers, carefully drying each of them. Sometimes the first layer is diluted with a primer. For exterior painting of the house, a wide, dense brush with fairly stiff bristles is best suited. Apply paint in a thin, even layer, moving along the fibers.
Painting the exterior walls of a wooden house
Important! The drying time of each coat of paint may vary depending on the type of coating. Different manufacturers paint can dry from 2 to 24 hours.
A well-painted wooden facade is a beautiful appearance of your house for 10 or even 15 years. The main thing in this process is to carefully approach the choice of materials, carefully follow the instructions and take into account climatic conditions.
Prices for pneumatic airbrushes, spray guns, texture guns
Pneumatic airbrushes, spray guns, texture guns
Video - Painting a wooden facade
The advent of acrylic paint fifty years ago made a mini-revolution in the field of construction and repair work. For such a short period of time, they have won one of the leading positions in the market of paint and varnish products. Prefers them these days. a large number of consumers. Acrylic paint on wood, due to a significant number of advantages, is widely popular.
The structure of this material is simple. It consists of pigment, water and resin, which is a binding element. Many are interested in the question of whether it is possible to paint a tree with acrylic paint. The answer to it is positive, moreover, this option has a lot of qualities that put it in first place among similar materials.
Technical properties and features of acrylic paints
acrylic paint on water based for wood is characterized by a wide range color solutions- today their number has more than 15 thousand shades. Thanks to such a wide choice, each designer will be able to turn into reality all the most ambitious, explosive ideas and bright projects. The materials from which the paint is made are environmentally friendly, which allows you to work in offices, children's rooms, apartments.
After application, acrylic paint on wood does not emit harmful toxic substances. During the dyeing process, no odor is observed. The increased safety is evidenced by the fact that the material is protected from fire. Therefore, acrylic wood paint can be safely used not only in residential buildings, but also in public places.
Paints of this type dry quickly, which allows the application of additional layers after a few hours. You don’t have to clean the tools for a long time - they are washed with ordinary tap water.
Acrylic paints are characterized by a long service life. It depends on the manufacturer and averages 10-12 years. This material stable, which makes it possible to clean the surface with conventional detergents.
Acrylic paint for wood does not change when in contact with others external factors temperature, water, high humidity, direct sunlight. All of these indicators do not violate the integrity of the structure, do not cause damage and cracks.
Distinctive properties of acrylic compositions:
- a synthesis of the virtues of oil and watercolor materials, providing versatility;
- high covering power, saturation of compositions with quick drying;
- the basis of the material is synthetic resins, which creates a double barrier of protection from sunlight;
- resistance to changes in air temperature, changes in humidity, etc.
How to choose quality products?
The process of finishing and processing surfaces made of wood is a whole range of activities. This helps to create warmth and harmony in the house, transforming the atmosphere into a more comfortable one. The purpose of coloring wood is to improve natural performance, protecting it from the damaging effects of natural factors.
When choosing acrylic paints in the building materials market, you should take into account the object or area that you plan to paint. The main criterion is its location, inside or outside the building. There are acrylic paints for wood internal works, creating a smooth coating on various interior items, as well as furniture, floors and any wooden structures. They do not lose their brightness and saturation over a long period of time.
If a person needs to paint objects that are outdoors, it is best to use acrylic paints for wood for outdoor use. They are distinguished by the presence of special components that increase weather resistance and are suitable for facades, windows and doors.
When choosing the color of paints, there should not be any special problems, since a wide range of shades will allow you to choose exactly the one that will harmoniously fit into general concept interior.
Application technology on wooden surfaces
Acrylic paint is applied in most cases in two layers. Before starting the coating, the condition of the wood should be analyzed and the need for pre-treatment with other substances should be determined. For example, if the surface is highly absorbent, it should be coated with a pigmented primer. The material can be applied without treatment, but in this case, the consumption of paints will increase simultaneously with a decrease in the strength of its adhesion to the base.
If there are cracks and recesses in the wood, they should be filled with a special putty, matched to the future color of the object. The easiest option is a mixture of PVA and small sawdust. After the putty has dried, the entire area should be sanded using sandpaper. The last step before painting is applying primer to the surface.
The first applied coat of paint dries in approximately 4-5 hours. It is best to use brushes with natural bristles or rollers for work. Their forms and parameters are determined by the task at hand. The paint must be thoroughly mixed and, if necessary, diluted.
After checking the smoothness and uniformity of the coating, you can confidently proceed to re-painting, which terminates the process. The final drying time of the second layer of paint is longer, up to several days. At the same time, it is important to monitor the drying process so that additional elements do not get into the colored medium. In addition to the fact that acrylic paints create a film, they also act as an excellent antiseptic.
To preserve the materials remaining after staining, clean the neck from the remnants of the emulsion and tightly close the container. If this action is not taken, the paint may dry out or deteriorate. Painting tools must be washed immediately after the process is completed.
Acrylic paints for outdoor use
Acrylic paint for outdoor woodwork is used to form a protective layer and decorative coating on outside building.
Its structure consists of:
- film-forming substance;
- coloring pigment;
- filler;
- auxiliary elements.
Facade paints differ according to the type of dispersion medium in which binders, pigments and fillers are located. As the latter, water, acrylic copolymers or varnishes can be used.
The polymer binder determines the properties and technical characteristics of acrylic paint, which provide:
- durability and reliability of the finished coating;
- vapor permeability;
- protection against moisture and other atmospheric phenomena;
- elasticity;
- efficiency of drying;
- possibility of application on a porous basis.
Exterior paints can be used both as a primary coating, which is applied to a new facade for the first time, and as a secondary coating for the restoration of old wooden structures, giving them durability and elasticity. In addition to wood, paint is applied to almost any external part made of concrete, brick, stone, plaster, etc.
These products should only be applied to a cleaned surface, sanded if necessary to get rid of previous layers. Storage temperature of acrylic paint is from 0 to 30?C. Before starting the process, it should be mixed and diluted. For an ideal suspension, the substance can be filtered using a mesh or gauze.
Acrylic paint on wood for interior repair and decoration work
Nowadays, the number of wooden houses is growing. Respectively, interior, made in rustic style, similarly is at the peak of popularity. Thus, the details and elements of wood are present in almost every home.
Acrylic paint for interior woodwork is absolutely harmless.
The considered material has the best qualities:
- fast drying after staining;
- the absence of an unpleasant odor;
- ease of application to the floor, ceiling and walls;
- no requirement for special equipment and skills.
At the same time, the only drawback of the composition is the need to immediately purchase the entire required amount of paint for the room, since the purchased materials may not match in shades.
The main difference between acrylic emulsions for interior work is the final appearance of the surface. It can be glossy or matte. Acrylic paint for wood floors in most cases is chosen glossy, just like for walls. Ceilings are decorated in a matte style, since when using this type of emulsion, a velvety plane is formed. It contributes to excellent masking of small defects. Glossy type, on the contrary, makes them noticeable.
Of course, great importance should be given to the choice of paint manufacturer. When applied acrylic coating you need to be especially careful in the bathroom and in the kitchen, since these areas require more thorough processing. Such paints can cover furniture, doors and other wooden items in the house. There is the right type, color and consistency for everyone, and the appearance will be brilliant for a long time.
Advantages of acrylic emulsions
The popularity of these paints is ensured by:
- environmental friendliness (in the manufacture of products, substances harmful to humans are not used);
- convenience and ease of application (paints do not emit odor, which makes it easier to work with them);
- fire safety (especially relevant since they are applied to wooden base, protecting it from ignition);
- unlimited color palette (a wide range of shades of acrylic paints provides for the possibility of using it not only for painting wooden structures, but also for artistic creativity);
- drying speed (2-4 hours, due to the thickness of the layer applied to the object);
- indicators of elasticity, strength and reliability, ease of maintenance, resistance to rubbing;
- repulsion of dirt by the surface on which the acrylic emulsion is applied, and the transmission of air by the film;
- moisture resistance;
- duration of operation of painted objects (serve for more than 10 years, without loss of aesthetic appearance);
- a wide range of use (due primarily to the resistance of materials to the effects of ultraviolet radiation, moisture and mechanical damage, the possibility of using indoors and outdoors);
- versatility and versatility (the ability to combine acrylic emulsions and other Construction Materials and apply them to any kind of surface).
Saving time and money
Acrylic paints are produced according to the latest innovative technologies. Choosing this material for wood coating, the consumer will not make a mistake, because he will save not only time due to the highest drying speed, but also material resources due to the elasticity of the emulsion.
With it, it is possible to embody any ideas, no matter how colorful and diverse they may be - a large color palette will make any room or facade bright and saturated. And such a riot of colors will last for decades. The coating is easy to clean and wash, it partially repels dirt and dust.
Deciding to paint any surface with acrylic paint, you do not need the help of specialists and application professional equipment. The simple use of a brush or roller is available to everyone. In addition, this material does not affect the state of health and is completely safe for internal use.
The popularity of acrylic paints is not artificial or invented information, as the facts speak for themselves - about 80% of European houses are painted with this type of emulsion, the relevance of which is increasing daily, along with the improvement of production and structure.
Useful video about mistakes when painting wood
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