Product drawing:
Foundation blocks FBS 24-6-6 are made of reinforced concrete and have the shape of a parallelepiped. They are called the full six. Like all reinforced concrete products, foundation blocks are marked with an abbreviation. In this case, "FBS", which can be deciphered as "solid foundation blocks." In their marking, they have numbers indicating the dimensions of their three dimensions - length, width and height, traditionally in decimeters.
To make the installation of these reinforced concrete blocks, special hinges are installed on them, by which they are lifted by working equipment. From the ends there are grooves that are filled with cement mortar for the strength of their connection to each other. They must be strong and reliable, as they are designed to withstand the load from the mass of an architectural structure. They must be resistant to temperature extremes, frost-resistant, must not be subject to the damaging effects of moisture from the soil. Like similar reinforced concrete parts, they are made of heavy grades of concrete that meets the requirements of strength, water tightness and frost resistance. Additional reliability is given by the internal frame made of reinforcement.
The production of FBS 24-6-6 blocks must be carried out strictly in accordance with the rules of GOST 13579-78. The use of foundation blocks is the modern stage of urban construction and industrialization in general, since prefabricated reinforced concrete structures seem to be the most convenient and practical. This material was able to radically change the quality of buildings, influenced the speed and cost of erecting buildings, the ergonomics and practicality of construction equipment. Basically, solid foundation blocks are used for laying a strip foundation. But in practice, their range of use is much wider - these are the walls of industrial buildings, the walls of basements and plinths.
Depending on the region and manufacturer, these blocks may have the following markings:
FBS 24.6.6t (the letter "t" in this case means that the block is made of heavy concrete)
Any design and construction, including the laying of foundation blocks, must be carried out strictly in accordance with the required technologies provided for in the SNiP. This abbreviation is well known to all builders; it stands for "Building Norms and Rules". Accurate adherence to all prescribed recommendations and instructions is primarily a matter of safety and reliability of building operation in the future. The slightest inaccuracy or oversight in the work can lead to irreparable consequences. What I would like to recall for working with concrete products such as solid foundation blocks.
The basis of the foundations and the beginning of any work should be the determination of the type of soil and soil from a geological point of view. Check the level and depth of soil freezing in winter. It is also necessary to determine the depth of groundwater and calculate the expected load on the foundation, plus make a margin for safety. Based on these data, a project is being prepared, which takes into account all the nuances of the layout of foundation blocks and pillows. It is very important not to make a mistake with the layout of the axes, this will allow you to create the desired and correct geometric shape of the building under construction. Foundation pillows, by the way, ensure the reliability of the foundation being laid. Also, one of the main stages is the correct waterproofing of the foundation. Groundwater saturated with salts is quite aggressive. The block filler can, of course, be different - from crushed stone to expanded clay, cheaper material is more cost-effective and even lighter, but it makes the foundation less durable.
It is impossible to neglect the characteristics of the brand of concrete from which the FBS blocks are made, compare them with GOST 13579-78. If the foundation is made incorrectly, sooner or later cracks will appear in the walls, the entire geometry of the room will be disturbed, moisture will begin to seep in and even the wind will penetrate. That is, it is the foundation that determines the condition and quality of the whole house as a whole. Practical control over the work on laying the foundation should be the strictest so that the entire construction does not go further under demolition. The damage from this can be enormous.
FBS 24-6-6 foundation blocks manufactured under industrial conditions guarantee the quality of the reinforced concrete product. Laying the foundation in blocks is a significant time saver because the work is done really quickly and is not overly complicated. Such a foundation can be loaded immediately after its laying - this is also an important plus for builders.
It is technologically provided that each foundation block is tested in production for strength in accordance with GOST 13579-78. If the foundation is made monolithic, concrete is poured, then the construction suffers “simple”, since such a foundation needs to be given time to harden thoroughly (sometimes these periods are calculated in weeks), while with reinforced concrete blocks, construction continues without pauses. In addition to solid foundation blocks, there are also hollow foundation blocks and solid foundation blocks with a cutout. Jumpers are laid in these cutouts and communications are laid.
solid foundation block FBS 24.4.6-T is the most commonly used high-strength block-type building material. FBS is a rectangular solid block for a wide range of applications. The classic FBS 24.4.6.T is made from a traditional material - heavy concrete of medium density of at least 2300 kg / m3. FBS concrete blocks are intended for the construction of foundations for low-rise buildings and the construction of basements of various depths, as well as technical underground facilities of any buildings. FBS is also often used for the construction of walls of unheated buildings and industrial structures. Concrete blocks of this type are often used in road construction as barriers, in industrial construction
Product marking
Accepted the following symbol foundation blocks FBS:
Designation of the type of foundation block, rounded value of the length, width, height of the reinforced concrete product, then the type of concrete is indicated.
- FBS - solid foundation block;
- the first digit is the length;
- the second is the width;
- the third is the height;
- T - execution of heavy concrete.
Markings, date of manufacture and weight of products must be on the side of each block.
Product Features
FBS 24.4.6-T blocks are the main material for the strip foundation (reinforced concrete strip around the perimeter of the entire building, including center lines). Most often, strip foundations from FBS blocks are used in highly heaving and moisture-saturated soils. The blocks are characterized by low water absorption and resist the destructive effects of groundwater for a long time.
As mentioned above, the classic FBS 24.4.6.T block is made of heavy concrete. Such blocks are suitable in cases where they will be forced to withstand high loads from the walls of the building. The quality of strength and reliability, corrosion resistance of heavy concrete is unrivaled. Deformation characteristics and resistance to moisture make FBS blocks an ideal material for basement walls and other technical underground facilities. A block of heavy concrete does not crumble, does not rot, does not age, does not emit toxic substances
FBS have the form of a monolithic rectangular parallelepiped, 2380 mm long, 400 mm wide and 580 mm high. The mass of FBS made of heavy concrete is much larger than that of expanded clay concrete and other materials, and is 1300 kg. But a solid mass is determined by the durability, strength and stability of heavy concrete blocks.
Such blocks can be used when the design seismicity of the object is not more than 8 points. For light non-buried strip foundations, blocks 400 mm wide are used, for more powerful and responsible foundations, blocks 500 mm and 600 mm wide are used for load-bearing walls of basements and basements. For non-load-bearing basement walls, blocks with a width of 400 mm, 300 mm are used.
Reinforcement of the FBS block is carried out in rare cases, because due to the material and design, they are without laying steel rods into the structure.
The versatility of FBS 24.4.6-T blocks is not only in a variety of shapes and sizes that allow the implementation of any engineering solution, but also in the fact that the blocks can be operated in various climatic conditions and in any soil. FBS blocks are one of the few reinforced concrete products that can withstand a very wide temperature range - from +50 to -70 C.
The production of fundamental concrete blocks is carried out in curing chambers, both outdoors and indoors.
The main requirements for FBS are the guarantee of their special strength, as well as compressive strength, since the main purpose of the foundation blocks is to withstand the enormous loads of the structure. When used in the production of high quality concrete, the foundation blocks are not subject to deformation, and are also characterized by increased frost resistance and water resistance, and are resistant to aggressive environments. All these qualities greatly expand the scope of FBS.
Product marking
Markings on the FBS foundation blocks must be applied to the side surface of the block.
For all products of fundamental blocks FBS 24.4.6.T is issued by the manufacturer technical certificate, where the following parameters are specified:
- brand of concrete for frost resistance and water resistance;
- brand of concrete for strength and its average density;
- release strength of concrete and actual release density of concrete;
- date of manufacture;
- the number of reinforced concrete products;
- indication of compliance with the state standard.
- release strength of concrete and actual release density.
Product quality control
Even at the manufacturer of concrete foundation blocks, they undergo strict quality control, one of the steps of which is a check for deviation in geometry. Deviations in the dimensions of the foundation blocks should not exceed the following indicators: in length + 13 mm, in width and height ± 8 mm, in the dimensions of the cutouts ± 5 mm, and deviations from the straightness of the profile of the surfaces of the foundation block should not be more than 3 mm for the entire length and width block.
Cracks are not allowed in the concrete from which the blocks for the basement walls are made, with the exception of local surface shrinkage. And their width should not be more than 0.1 mm (for blocks of heavy and dense silicate concrete) and 0.2 mm (for FBS blocks of expanded clay concrete). The FBS 24.4.6-T block can have several types of concrete surface - for painting, ceramic tile finishing and non-finished non-facial surfaces.
Mounting
Installation of FBS foundation blocks can take place at the construction site if there are necessary mechanisms for this. Mounting loops made of smooth rod reinforcement may be installed at a distance of 300 mm from the ends of the block flush with its upper surface (in blocks of the FBS type 1180 and 2380 mm long). In the event that special gripping devices will be used during the installation of foundation blocks, then, by agreement between the manufacturer and the consumer, it is possible to manufacture blocks without mounting loops at all. Also, the mounting loops of the FBS concrete block must be cleaned of concrete overlays without fail, otherwise this can significantly complicate the installation process.
Storage and transportation
Blocks of FBS are strongly recommended to be stored in stacks, which are sorted by brands and lots and stacked tightly with each other. At the same time, the height of one stack of foundation blocks should not exceed 2.5 meters. The pads for the bottom row of FBS 24.4.6.T blocks (at least 30 mm thick) must lie on a dense, carefully leveled base.
Transportation of blocks for the foundation is possible only with reliable fastening in order to prevent their mixing and possible damage. The number of blocks during transportation depends on the carrying capacity of the vehicle. The height of the stack of FBS blocks is set depending on the carrying capacity and dimensions of the transport used.
The weight of foundation blocks plays an important role in construction. It determines how many elements are needed to make the foundation and whether the foundation can withstand the load placed on it. It is also the main parameter that is taken into account when choosing special equipment for the transportation and installation of FBS.
General characteristics
FBS are solid foundation blocks that are used when mounting base walls. They are presented in the form of parallelepipeds poured from concrete, the inner part of which has no voids. At the ends of each product there are grooves for connecting building elements to each other. Mounting loops are on the top surface.
They are made from heavy, expanded clay or dense silicate concrete grades. They have standard dimensions and weight according to GOST.
In the marking of these building elements, the dimensions are rounded to decimeters.
- 100 - the length of the plate, equates to 100 cm;
- 4 - the width of the product is 40 cm;
- 3 - the height of the building element, respectively 30 cm.
- L - the product is made of lightweight concrete.
The abbreviation denotes not only the dimensions, but also the type of mixture from which the blocks are made: "T" - from heavy concrete, "P" - from expanded clay, "C" - from silicate mortar.
Watch a video on how to fill a block into a special shape.
Depending on the brand of FBS, the weight of the product changes, which can be seen in Table 1.
Table 1. Block grades The brand of the slab, the presence of reinforcement (to increase the bearing capacity of the building material), as well as the brand of concrete used for the manufacture of FBS, are selected at the stage of design work, depending on the load acting on the base under the base of the foundation.
How many products are needed for the construction of a foundation or walls is calculated depending on the load-bearing properties of the FBS and their geometric shape.
Why do you need to know the weight of the plates
The disadvantage of the blocks is that the process of their installation is quite complicated.
FBS is used for the installation of the foundation and the construction of walls. Their main advantage is that these structures are delivered to the construction site ready-made, so there is no need to waste time on achieving the desired strength with concrete. This greatly speeds up the work.
In the manufacture of these building elements, special technologies are used: drying or steaming products in the factory, this provides the blocks with a standard degree of hardness, frost resistance and compressive strength. To protect the plates from the aggressive action of atmospheric and groundwater, they are covered with a waterproofing layer based on bitumen.
The weight of the slabs depends on the size of the products and the brand of concrete used in their manufacture, plus the amount of reinforcement. It affects the quality and strength of the base. You can find it using the assortment.
Having determined how much the blocks weigh, builders can calculate how much equipment is needed for their delivery and installation, as well as calculate the load that the FBS foundation can withstand.
Of course, it is advisable to entrust the calculation of the foundation to professionals, but you can also use an online calculator for these purposes. To independently calculate the number of base blocks, you need to divide the volume of the foundation by the volume of one block. After that, select the dimensions of the FBS, which, when summed, are equal to the size of the foundation.
The brand of mortar from which the slab is made, as well as the presence of voids in it, reduces the permissible loads on this block. If all calculations are made correctly, then according to the results of construction work, the owners will receive a stable and durable foundation.
The dimensions of the slab, the brand of concrete also affect the mass of the block. Having learned how much the product weighs (by weighing this building element), you can calculate its density and compare it with the declared density of the plant. So you will be able to protect yourself from a fake.
It is preferable to buy certified products of well-known brands that have proven themselves in the construction market. If there is no quality certificate for building materials, it is better to refuse it, because it is not known what technical characteristics it has.
FBS foundation blocks take part in the construction of the foundation of the structure, as it becomes clear from the name. These are rectangular-shaped reinforced concrete products made of high-quality concrete, having a reinforcing cage and sometimes lugs for the convenience of unloading and loading operations. They are also referred to as basement blocks. Some modifications from the ends are equipped with cutouts that are filled with concrete during installation and serve to more effectively connect the elements to each other. Manufactured products have a clear compliance with GOST 13579-78.
In individual construction, in most cases, a strip-type foundation device is chosen, which is due to the possibility of building a basement on it, suitable for various purposes. Among other things, experts' estimates boil down to the fact that the installation of FBS blocks on average comes out a couple of thousand rubles per m³ cheaper than constructing formwork and making a monolith with concrete pouring.
Areas and feasibility of using the foundation block
The construction of a block foundation in many ways allows you to reduce the cost and speed up the construction of the building as a whole. In addition to the fact that fbs blocks are intended for the foundation, they are often used in the construction of walls. Wall products are much lighter when compared with the foundation analogues of fbs blocks. Also, these reinforced concrete products are used for the purpose of permanent or temporary fencing of objects. For example, during repair work on the roads. FBS blocks, which are called used ones, will be appropriate here.
Their feasibility is related to the following points:
- When there is free space on the construction site. This is due to the fact that the blocks have a significant weight, and it is impossible to move them manually. Attract a crane.
- When there is a shortage of time. It does not take long to assemble the foundation from fbs blocks, the main thing is to prepare a place for laying them.
- When carrying out work in unfavorable weather (autumn time) and with heavy incessant rainfall, which prevent the manufacture of a strip monolithic foundation by pouring. For example, when it is impossible to build a formwork, install a reinforcing "skeleton", direct and pour the solution, help heat it up and wait for the concrete to set.
- When the qualifications of builders are insufficient to carry out more complex types of foundation work. The device of a monolithic slab assumes the presence of knowledge and skills, and it is possible to install foundation blocks in a trench without having either one or the other.
- When the tape is made not continuous, but interrupted. This base device allows you to further save on materials.
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Block Characteristics
Overall dimensions are the main parameters considered when choosing foundation blocks. The main dimensions are length and width with height. Knowing them, calculate the required number of products for the construction of the foundation of the building. All blocks are named according to the article. For example, blocks FBS 8-3-6. Let's decipher what this name means.
All blocks are divided into several categories:
- FBS, where C means solid;
- FBP, where P - hollow;
- FBV, where V is a notch.
It is clear that the first two letters in the title are deciphered as foundation blocks. And the whole difference between them lies precisely in the last letter, which is different for different modifications.
Therefore, the three numbers indicated after the abbreviation FBS will mean the following: the block reaches 0.8 meters in length, 0.3 meters in width and 0.6 meters in height.
Or more. Let's decipher the characteristics of the product marked "FBS 24.4.6". The numbers have the following meaning: the length is 2.4 m, the width is 0.4 m, the height is 0.6 m. The weight of the block is 1300 kg. It will take three cars to bring 10 such products to the site.
The weight of one block is also an equally significant parameter, which is important during transportation and when calculating the transportation of the number of products in one car. The weight of the foundation blocks can vary in the range of 250 kg - 2 tons (in accordance with the marking of the elements).
According to GOST, the brand of concrete for the production of this kind of reinforced concrete structures should be equal to B12, 5M150.
You should try to use foundation blocks that are longer, which will reduce the number of joints and reduce the complexity of installation procedures, the complexity of sealing the joints.
With an hourly rate of use of the crane, long products significantly reduce the cost of construction.
When choosing a material for the construction of a country house or cottage, it is necessary to be guided not only by its cost, but also by its characteristics. When installing the foundation and walls, it is imperative to take into account the weight of the concrete block, its density, frost resistance and water absorption.
The weight of any material for construction depends on its fillers and, accordingly, density, concrete blocks are made in several types, each of which has its own characteristics and quality.
Knowing the dimensions and weight of 1 m 3 of material, you can calculate the weight of the product. When calculating, first of all, the volume of concrete in the panel and the volume of its voids are calculated. If there are no voids in the block, then the volume of concrete is V = AxBxC, where A, B, C are the sides of the product. For example, if the sides of the block are 39x19x19 cm, then V = 39x19x19 = 14079 cm3 = 14.079 l = 0.014079 m3. We multiply this result by the weight of 1m 3 (for example, take the mass of lightweight concrete equal to 1800 kg) of concrete and get the mass of the concrete block. That is, m \u003d 1800x0.014079 \u003d 25.3422 kg.
When buying products for the foundation and walls, you can always find out their weight from the seller. The weight of wall blocks, depending on the density of concrete, the size and brand of the product, ranges from 6 to 50 kg. Foundation panels can weigh from 250 to 1970 kg.
February 7, 2013
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