What is the acceptable temperature in the workplace. Temperature conditions: norms. Temperature control

A person spends almost the entire conscious part of his life in the workplace. It is for this reason that the requirements that regulate the hygienic requirements of the microclimate in the premises where people work are natural. It is very important to comply with all these norms and rules in office-type premises, where a person uses mainly mental activity. And for this type of work is characterized by relative physical inactivity. This leads to Negative consequences incorrect operating conditions are even more aggravated.

The legislation provides for a number of laws regarding temperature regime in office-type premises, as well as the responsibility of the owner (employer) for their non-compliance and violation.

Temperature regime and microclimate very strongly affects the performance and well-being of a person. Low or high air temperature, which has a long-term effect on a working person, not only negatively affects human health, but also greatly reduces the productivity of his work. People working in office space perform a wide variety of activities, most of which require being in one specific position for a long period. Basically it is a sedentary and sitting position:

Making decisions.
Communication with customers.
Paperwork.
Working at a computer and other similar professions.

Physical inactivity and mental labor do not coexist very well with the uncomfortable temperature conditions of the air in an office-type room.

After conducting many experiments, the researchers found that even slight deviations in air temperature have such a strong effect on the efficiency of work in the office that if it is impossible to provide the desired microclimate, it makes sense to shorten the working day.

It is very important to ensure the appropriate temperature conditions in the office. This is the obligation of the employer under the law, regardless of the level of subordination and form of ownership of the organization.

Optimum or comfort

Every person who works in the office wants to carry out their activities in conditions of maximum comfort. But this concept is highly subjective, as it is tied to the personal feelings of each individual. And these feelings, as you know, are different for everyone. What is an excellent option for one individual may be simply unacceptable for another. It is precisely because of this that regulations and office documentation do not use such a thing as "comfortable conditions".

Instead of the subjective term “comfort”, a more definite and precise parameter “optimal conditions” is used in professional vocabulary. As for the optimum air temperature, this value is determined by complex calculations and physiological studies. The calculation takes into account the average needs of a person.

The requirement for optimal temperature conditions belongs to the legislative area. This is fixed in certain normative documents.

SanPiN for the protection of human health

In a special code Russian Federation all standards are collected. This code defines optimal health and hygiene standards for different areas human activities, including employment. These documents relate to the technical and medical fields. At the same time, it is also legislative, and it is for this reason that it is necessary to comply with all these norms.

The abbreviation SanPiN is deciphered as follows - sanitary rules and norms. The document that governs the workplace optimal conditions is called SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96 and sounds like this: hygienic requirements for the microclimate in industrial premises. These SanPiN provides labor protection regulations for office employees and workers in production. These SanPiN were adopted within the framework of Federal Law No. 52 of March 30, 1999 "On the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population."

Compliance with SanPiN requirements by the employer is supported by articles of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation No. 209 and 212. They deal with liability in case of non-compliance by the employer with the rules of labor protection and health, as well as timely measures taken for rehabilitation, treatment and prevention, sanitary and household and other similar nature. Article No. 163 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation prescribes that the employer must carry out a set of measures in order to ensure an optimal working microclimate.

What measures can be taken

The solution to this problem can be the following options:

Equipment for recreation of a special room.
Transfer of a worker to another workplace.
Earlier dissolution of those working from home.
Additional breaks.

If the employer refuses to comply with the requirements for providing optimal performance, then he can be charged with two offenses at the same time.

Violation of sanitary norms and rules (temperature standards in the room do not correspond to standard indicators).
Ignoring labor legislation due to the fact that people work in inappropriate conditions.

If the boss is inactive in this situation and does not agree to provide employees with another workplace, then the time that he was in adverse conditions equates to a shift (daily working day) in duration. In other words, you can freely talk about the processing of an employee at the initiative of the boss, with all the ensuing financial and legal consequences.

Seasonal requirements for air temperature in office premises

In the warm and cold seasons, the optimal indoor air temperature conditions are achieved in different ways. Based on this, we can conclude that the requirements for the microclimate in the room will be different. Accordingly, the measures provided for by SanPiN, in the event that it is impossible to ensure the optimal temperature regime or it is violated, will also have differences.

To not be too hot

For health and performance, a long stay in a room where the air temperature is very high is especially detrimental. In a working indoor environment, this heat and stuffiness can be exacerbated by a large crowd of people, the presence of office equipment in operation, and compliance with a specially introduced dress code.

It is because of this that the optimal temperature values \u200b\u200band permissible maximum values \u200b\u200bin the hot season were established by law. For office workers with air humidity of 40–60%, they are 23–25 degrees. The temperature can rise up to 28 degrees.

Exceeding the air temperature in the office in summer period

If inside the office the thermometer deviates from the optimum by at least 2 degrees, then it becomes much more difficult to work. The employer will need to install air conditioning in the premises for employees and provide it Good work and timely service.

If suddenly, for some reason, this is not done, then the employee should not meekly endure the unbearable heat, while still trying to meet all professional requirements. SanPiN allow with good reason to shorten the standard working eight-hour day for the employee, for which they were calculated the following temperature requirements:

Many workers note the negative impact of air conditioning on their health, which is compared with stuffiness and heat in terms of harm. According to the same requirements of SanPiN, together with humidity and temperature indicators, the speed of air movement in the room is limited, which should be in the range from 0.1 to 0.3 m / s. From these requirements of SanPiN, it follows that an employee should not be under the jet of a blowing air conditioner.

Cold is the enemy of work

No work can be argued in a cold room, especially in an office, when the body cannot warm itself with movement. There are such categories of working professions in which for a short time it is permissible to lower the temperature of the air to 15 degrees, but this does not apply to those people who work in the office.

Inside the office space in cold weather, the temperature regime must be observed in the range from 22 to 24 degrees. It is possible to fluctuate these values, but not more than 2 degrees. For a short period of time, the thermometer can deviate from the permissible norm by a maximum of 4 degrees.

What to do if the office space is cold

Only in the event that the air temperature does not drop below 20 degrees, the working staff is required to be at the workplace full time (8 hours). With each lower degree, the norm of working hours is reduced:

Temperature measurements and their features

Observe the accuracy of temperature measurements. This is due to the fact that each degree plays special role for working hours.

If employees or the employer are unscrupulous, then it may be tempting to underestimate or overestimate the true temperature values. It is possible that an error is made due to the fact that the instrument you are measuring is incorrectly placed or defective.

To avoid complications with the determination of air temperature indicators, SanPiN is required to place the device at a distance of 1 meter above the floor.

What is the responsibility of the employer if he does not comply with the requirements of the office microclimate

If for some reason the employer refuses to install an air conditioner (fan) in the summer and a heater in the winter, thereby maintaining the optimal temperature regime in the norm, then his subordinates should not tolerate this because they might get fired. You can contact the sanitary and epidemiological service. She will definitely come to your enterprise with a check. If during the inspection the complaint is confirmed, then the authorities cannot avoid responsibility for failure to comply with the requirements of SanPiN.

And also for non-compliance with the requirements, the employer faces a fine of approximately 12 thousand rubles. If, after a re-inspection, the same violations are again revealed, then its activities will be suspended for 3 months in accordance with Article 6.3 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation.

Temperature in the workplace: sanitary norms and rules from 2016

From 1.01.2017 all employers and employees must comply with the new requirements of the sanitary and epidemiological service, which are related to physical factors in the workplace. This was approved by the decision of the Chief Sanitary State Doctor of the Russian Federation dated June 21, 2016 Order No. 81. The updated sanitary standards and rules define the impact on the human body and its activities of such indicators as:

It is customary to call the standards the maximum permissible level of a particular factor, as well as its impact on a person who is at least 8 hours at the workplace, within the permissible limits. This impact should not lead to deviations in the state of health or diseases (SanPiN 2.2.4.3359-16 clause 1.4).

Due to the fact that new sanitary requirements have been introduced, some of the old ones have ceased to operate since January 2017. One of these is SanPiN 2.2.4.1191-03 about " electromagnetic fields in working conditions» .

To date, the question of what should be the temperature in the workplace according to sanitary rules relevant to employees and employers.

Sanitary rules for air temperature in the workplace

Sanitary rules establish optimal temperature indicators in the workplace. These indicators include:

The speed of air movement.
Relative humidity.
surface temperature.
Air temperature.

Normal sanitary indicators for cold and warm seasons are determined separately. The cold season is considered to be the period when the average daily outdoor air temperature has approached 10 degrees and below. If outside the window is more than this value, then it can be considered a warm season.

Thermometer readings in office space slightly different in winter and summer. In any period a person needs thermal balance with the environment.

In addition to all this, depending on the energy consumption of a person, there are different indicators thermometer in various fields activities.

Requirements for measurement methods and organization of microclimate control in accordance with sanitary standards

Measurements of microclimatic indicators in order to control their compliance sanitary standards should be carried out during the warm season- on those days when the outside air temperature differs from the maximum average temperature of the hottest month by no more than 5 degrees, and in cold weather - when the difference from the coldest month is not more than 5 degrees. The frequency of such measurements is determined by the functioning of the sanitary and technological equipment, as well as the stability production process.

When choosing the time and sites for measurements, it is worth considering all the factors that affect the microclimate of the workplace (functioning heating and ventilation systems, phases technological process and others). It is worth measuring microclimatic indicators at least 3 times per shift. If the indicators associated with technological and other reasons fluctuate, then it is necessary to carry out additional measurements at the lowest and highest values of the thermal load on the employee.

Measurements should be taken at the workplace. If your place of work is several production sites, then the indicators should be measured at each separately.

If there is a source of local moisture release, cooling or heat release (open baths, heated units, gates, doorways, windows and others like them), then you need to measure the indicators at points that maximum and minimum distance from the thermal source of exposure.

In those rooms where there is a high density of jobs, but there are no sources of moisture release, cooling and heat release, the places for measuring microclimatic indicators, relative to the speed of movement and air humidity, should be evenly distributed over the area of the room according to the following principle:

The area of the room is up to 100 square meters - the number of measured sections is 4.
From 100 to 400 meters - 8.
Over 400 - the distance between the sections should not be more than 10 meters.

During sedentary work movement speed and temperature indicators should be measured at heights of 0.1 and 1 meter from the floor, and relative air humidity - 1 meter from the working platform or floor. When standing still, the speed and temperature are measured at heights of 1 and 1.5 meters, and the relative humidity is 1.5 meters.

If there is a radiant heat source, then at the workplace, thermal exposure is measured from each source, placing the device perpendicular to the incident stream. Carry out these measurements at heights of 0.5, 1 and 1.5 meters from the working platform or floor.

The temperature on the surfaces is measured in cases where the place of work is removed from them at a distance of no more than 2 meters.

Relative humidity and air temperature in the presence of sources of air currents and thermal radiation at workplaces measured with aspiration psychrometers. If such sources are not available, then the relative humidity and temperature regime of the air can be measured with psychrometers, which are not protected from the effects of the speed of movement and thermal radiation of the air. You can also use those devices that separately measure humidity and air temperature.

The speed of air movement is measured by rotary anemometers (cup, vane and others). Small values of air movement speed (less than 0.5 meters per second), especially if there are multidirectional flows, are measured by hot-wire anemometers, as well as ball and cylindrical catathermometers, if they are protected from thermal radiation.

The temperature on the surfaces measured by remote (pyrometers) or contact (electrothermometer) devices.

The intensity of thermal irradiation is measured by instruments that provide the sensor's visibility angle as close as possible to the hemisphere (at least 160 degrees), sensitive in the visible and infrared spectral regions (radiometers, actinometers, and others).

The permissible error of measuring instruments and the measuring range must comply with the following criteria:

Based on the results of the study, a protocol is drawn up, which reflects general information about the production facility, placement of sanitary and technological equipment, sources of moisture release, cooling, heat release; all schemes for the placement of measurement sites of all required parameters microclimate and other data.

Ultimately, at the end of the protocol, the results of the measurements performed must be evaluated in accordance with the regulatory sanitary requirements.

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Few people know that the temperature regime in the workplace has a significant impact on the health and performance of employees. For each season, there are temperature limits that every employer must adhere to. Their violation means non-observance of the rights of workers. If you are faced with a similar problem, we recommend that you pay your attention to the contents of this article.

What temperature should be indoors at work according to the Labor Code?

Every employee in the exercise of his professional activities must know that labor legislation guarantees the protection of his rights. In the relevant legal acts, aspects are noted that ensure the safety of life and the preservation of the health of workers. The temperature in the workplace directly affects the condition of the staff. In view of this, the Labor Code provides for the following rules that must be observed at work indoors:

According to the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, the head is obliged to provide the working apparatus with proper working conditions. In case of violation of legislative norms, punishment is provided;
Carrying out sanitary, hygienic and other measures in the premises of the organization is provided for by law;
Each office of the institution must be equipped with mechanisms for heating, ventilation and cooling;
The law defines the temperature that should be indoors at different times of the year. If the temperature regime differs from that established by law, employees have the right to claim a reduction in working time. A deviation from the norm by two degrees reduces the duration labor activity.

Temperature regime for office work

The principles outlined in the labor legislation apply to office workers, as well as to other workers. This category of employees works indoors, therefore temperature norms have for them importance.
The temperature for working in an office, according to the law, must be:

In summer - 23-25 degrees. In this case, a deviation from the norm by 2 degrees is allowed. After the temperature in the room reaches 28 degrees, workers may demand a reduction in labor time.
In winter 22-24 degrees. It is allowed to fluctuate the thermometer by 3-4 degrees.

In the event of violations of the temperature regime at the duty station, the head is obliged to take appropriate measures. Such methods include:

If it is necessary to cool or heat the room, special equipment should be provided;
If possible, the employer should provide employees with additional breaks during work;
Depending on the time of year, hot or cold water should be provided to staff.

What should be the temperature in the room at work in winter?

It is difficult to work at low temperatures. In addition, low temperature limit adversely affects the health and productivity of employees. Therefore, the Labor Code outlined the temperature regime necessary for normal activity. When working indoors in winter, the thermometer should be at around 22-24 degrees. If the heating mode of the room was violated, and the employer did not take appropriate measures, then he can be punished.

He may be brought to administrative responsibility, which entails the payment of a fine;
Or he will have to pay compensation for moral damage to injured workers.

Temperature regime when working outdoors in winter

especially severe weather in winter, they make it difficult to carry out work and negatively affect the health of workers. It should be noted that the Labor Code provides for some rules that all managers must follow. The relevant rules look like this:

When working on the street in winter, the Labor Code of the Russian Federation notes the need to provide workers with special breaks for rest and heating. To do this, the tenant must equip the premises that will serve for these purposes;
The number of rest periods is determined based on a number of factors. We are talking about the temperature outside, the specifics of work, climate. Depending on these conditions, pauses should be repeated every hour or one and a half;
All data and rules of work at various temperature conditions must be indicated in the internal labor regulations. They must comply with the law;
The worker must have all the necessary equipment for the implementation of his duties on the street in winter;
In addition, the organization must provide staff medical preparations to restore performance;
If, due to low temperature, employees cannot continue their professional activities, then working time will pay double.

Operating temperature outdoors

At any time of the year, workers must have all the conditions that facilitate the implementation of work.
To work at low temperatures on the outdoors Only adults may be admitted. They must be informed about safety precautions, and a medical examination is also important.
Outdoor work stops at temperature statutory. For each region of Russia there is an excellent temperature regime. In winter, the limits are -25-30 degrees. 35 degrees in summer.
In specially equipped rooms, the number of degrees should not be lower than 21. Special heating means should be present.
Required breaks in the service are included in working hours and must be paid.

The temperature at work and the reduction of the working day

The law establishes the ability of employees to count on a reduction in the duration of work if the temperature regime at the place of work does not meet the standards. There are some rules for reducing working hours:

If the employer does not take action to change the situation, then the staff goes on vacation. At the same time, payment for this period is carried out in double size;
With any deviation from the norm, the duration of the day of service is reduced by an hour. One degree of temperature equals one hour of labor.

An important condition in the implementation of labor activity is the observance of all the rules for protecting the health of workers. The temperature regime in the room or in the open area is important in the service. Legislation provides all workers with the opportunity to protect their rights under the law. Therefore, if your employer violates your rights, it is recommended to refer to legal acts.

Optimum characteristics of the microclimate in the workplace not only contribute to good labor productivity, but also to the preservation of the health of workers. That is why the creation of favorable climatic conditions in production is definitely beneficial for every manager. However, only a few of them strive to comply with sanitary and hygienic standards in the field of temperature control. This is explained very simply: maintaining an optimal microclimate requires expensive climate equipment. And the very concept of "microclimate" is very subjective, because it is known that all people perceive the same temperature differently. Meanwhile Russian legislation contains clear requirements for the microclimate in industrial premises and determines the types of temperature regimes depending on the assigned category.

Premises of the first category

These premises are divided into two subcategories: "a" and "b". Their main difference is the type of actions performed by employees.

Employees of an enterprise of category "a" are engaged in sedentary work, which implies little physical activity. The intensity of energy consumption in organizations of this category should not exceed 139 watts. Examples of such industries are sewing workshops, watch companies, instrument-making and automotive industries, etc. Optimum temperature in this case is in the range of 21-28 degrees.

The requirements for the premises of subcategory "b" are slightly different. Here, the provision of an optimal microclimate should be carried out in such a way that the temperature is maintained at least 20 degrees. The intensity of energy consumption in such premises should be no more than 174 watts.

Premises of the second category

The next category of premises is characterized not only by increased energy consumption (over 232 W), but also by the nature of work duties. Subcategory "a" refers to the movement and handling of small loads by workers in a sitting or standing position. For this subcategory, the optimal temperature regime is 18-27 degrees.

The work of workers of the subcategory "b" is associated with the lifting of medium-heavy loads (1-10 kg), and the lower temperature limit for them is at around 16 degrees. The industries of the second category include forging and rolling workshops, assembly shops and conveyor lines of various enterprises.

Premises of the third category

In the case when the intensity of energy consumption at the enterprise is higher than 290 W, it is advisable to talk about the premises of the third category. For them, the most precise temperature regimes are established. Workers of such industries are engaged in heavy physical labor and move loads weighing more than 10 kg. The optimal temperature in this case is in the range of 15-26 degrees, i.e. this is the lowest temperature. The premises of the third category include workshops for metal processing, assembly building structures etc.

The dependence of the temperature regime on the time of year

Temperature standards for various types enterprises may fluctuate slightly depending on the time of year. Permissible limit temperature fluctuations is 3-4 degrees. To calculate the temperature norm, the average daily indicator is used, since it is different for different seasons. Of course, the optimal temperature regimes at the enterprise cannot be determined solely by the norms, many other factors must be taken into account (for example, the recommended temperature regime for the operation of equipment), as well as individual characteristics the body of the worker.

Accounting for temperature indicators

Temperature control cannot be carried out correctly without the use of special measuring instruments. Of course, we are not talking about household thermometers. At a minimum, these should be thermometers intended for use in office and industrial premises. The measurement procedure itself is also different. For example, when controlling temperature regimes in summer, measurements must be taken on days when the deviation of instrument indicators from the corresponding indicators of the hottest month does not exceed 5 degrees.

The frequency of such measurements depends on many factors. Among them, we can note the stability of work operations, the stages of production processes, the operation of communication systems, etc. On average, this procedure must be carried out 3 times per shift.

Temperature control methods

This function is performed by communication systems, namely: ventilation, heating, ventilation and thermal insulation systems. Another way to control the temperature is through means of cooling the air (for example, air conditioners). Special systems air showers also provide regulation of the air injection rate and the organization of the optimal temperature regime.

If the design of the premises does not allow the installation of such equipment, it is necessary to equip a special room for employees to relax.

The consequences of non-compliance with the temperature regime

Complaints of employees of enterprises about inappropriate temperature conditions in organizations, unfortunately, are not uncommon. If, in response to a written notification of employees about an uncomfortable microclimate, there was no response from the management, they have the legal right to go to court with a claim for material compensation for the moral and physical harm caused to them.

In this case, the manager faces an administrative penalty in the form of a fine of several tens of thousands of rubles. Also, by a court decision, an enterprise may be temporarily closed for a period of up to three months.

Reduced working hours due to temperature

The decision to reduce the working day is made by the head of the enterprise. The reason for this may be extremely low or high temperature conditions. However, the employees themselves may also demand this, since, according to the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, the workplace must necessarily comply with state standards, and the work process should not harmful effects on the body. According to the rules, if three temperature measurements during one work shift showed a significant deviation from the norm, the manager may decide to shorten the working day.

If workers work outdoors, it is necessary to organize special breaks for heating, which are taken into account in working hours.

Thus, the task of each manager is to provide comfortable working conditions for their employees, since their activity in itself provides for a certain load on the body. It is a mistake to believe that the work of office workers does not require temperature control. As you know, physical activity helps to keep the body in good shape, as a result of which the effect of the temperature regime is not felt as much as during sedentary work. In addition, monotonous work and great responsibility imply a great psychological burden on the body, which contributes to the development of cardiovascular diseases.

Therefore, maintaining an optimal microclimate in production contributes not only to increasing labor efficiency, but also to preventing harmful effects on the health of employees.

It's no secret that the unfavorable temperature conditions indoors or outdoors reduce the efficiency of employees, regardless of whether it is low or high. In order to comply with sanitary and epidemiological standards and take labor protection measures, the legislation provides for certain measures that make it possible to facilitate the labor activity of employees and reduce the risk of a threat to the life and health of the population. In the article, we will consider how long it is possible to work in the heat in the office, on the street in accordance with the norms of labor legislation, and what responsibility the employer arises in this case.

Labor law on working in the heat

To date, the most significant document in the field of labor protection in elevated temperatures is SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96, which contains important and up-to-date information on hygienic requirements for microclimatic conditions in industrial premises. It contains data on what kind of temperature regime is favorable for the implementation of labor activity, and which one is acceptable, in which the production process can be carried out in the same mode, if there is no way to achieve the optimal mode.

According to the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, the employer must ensure that all its employees have normal working conditions that will fully comply with the norms and standards in the field of labor protection.

Optimum and permissible temperature conditions for operation

According to SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96, the temperature regime in the premises can be divided into two types:

At the same time, it must be understood that the extreme values of the permissible temperature regime do not affect the change in the working regime only if this is required by the production process. There are certain conditions and circumstances according to which the duration and mode of the working day cannot be changed, and this moment is associated with the following factors:

technological requirements for performing operations are such that the processes must be carried out at the extreme values of the permissible temperature regime;
the economic justification is connected with the inexpediency of changing the working hours due to changes in the temperature and microclimate of the premises.

At the same time, it should be borne in mind that for each position in the company, its own allowable temperature regime is provided, depending on what kind of functional duties are assigned to the employee. The indicators indicated in the table are acceptable for office workers, most spending time in a sedentary state. However, if we take into account production workers performing heavy physical labor, then for them the boundaries of the permissible temperature regime are somewhat narrowed.

If an employee works in an acceptable temperature regime, this does not cause acute changes in the human body, but it gives him some discomfort. At the same time, there is an increase in body temperature, a deterioration in well-being, a violation of the process of thermoregulation and, as a result, a decrease in human performance. In a situation where the temperature regime reaches the limit and becomes over-permissible, certain actions should be taken by the management aimed at improving working conditions - either installing air conditioning systems, or reducing working hours, or compensating for harmful conditions production process.

When the temperature is outside the limits acceptable level a fairly short time, that is, within a few hours the microclimate normalizes to an acceptable level, the length of the working day does not change.

Changing the mode of operation in the heat

When exceeding the permissible temperature level, the employer has the right and obligation to reduce working hours, depending on how much the temperature exceeds the permissible values. At the same time, a special order is created for the enterprise, which indicates which positions and by how much the working time is reduced. This document is based on measurements of the temperature regime, which are carried out by a commission specially created for this purpose. She draws up a protocol that clearly indicates all temperature changes over time, and on the basis of such a protocol, the manager’s order is already issued to change the operating mode at the enterprise.

By the way, for different categories of employees, the reduction may not be the same, and this moment depends on what kind of functional duties this or that employee performs. So, all positions can be divided into 3 groups:

category Ia-Ib. This group assumes low energy consumption up to 174 W and covers employees who perform their work while sitting with little physical exertion or small movements;

category IIa-IIb. This group includes employees with energy consumption from 175 to 290 W, performing their work while constantly moving with the transfer of small items with an average level of physical stress;

category III. This group includes employees who produce energy consumption of 291 W or more, perform work with the use of significant physical effort while constantly moving and carrying heavy dimensional objects or performing complex production operations.

Rospotrebnadzor, as one of the supervisory authorities in the field of labor protection, has developed appropriate recommendations for working in the hot season, when the thermometer rises enough high level. They concern both the direct employer and employees who are forced to work in difficult temperature conditions. With regard to the first, the employer, in accordance with the adopted legislation, is obliged to ensure acceptable working conditions for its employees or reduce working hours in accordance with changes in the microclimate in the premises. According to the second point, employees are also required to independently take measures to preserve life and health in the hot season. These include:

the working period should be divided into temporary breaks, and their number directly depends on the temperature environment outdoors or indoor microclimate;
it is necessary to transfer work in the open air to the morning or evening hours until the temperature reaches its maximum;
in the hot season, employees aged 25 to 40 are allowed to work;
should be used special clothing made of dense fabric to protect against excessive thermal radiation;
organize a competent drinking regime, consisting in the use of water not high temperature- approximately 15 0 C, as well as the consumption of salted or alkaline water in order to replenish the mineral-salt reserve and microelements in the body;
eating more fruits and vegetables.

Work in the heat indoors or outdoors

Work in an office building or outdoors at elevated temperatures should be carried out within the time period established by law. The normal length of the working day is established when the temperature is within the following limits:

More information about the conditions for the implementation of labor activities related to labor protection can be found in SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96, which, in addition to the temperature regime, also indicates other environmental indicators, including relative humidity, intensity of thermal radiation from instruments and equipment, speed air movement. Increased attention should also be paid to these characteristics, since they directly affect the well-being of people, their health and performance.

Responsibility for ignoring the norms of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation

Responsible for creating comfortable conditions fulfillment official duties is the employer represented by the immediate supervisor, heads of departments or a labor protection specialist. In addition, the employees themselves must ensure that they have acceptable working conditions, and if any violations are found, contact a labor protection specialist or immediate supervisor (see → ).

Upon receipt of such a message, the employer is obliged to measure the temperature in the premises or on the street, fixing its changes over time. When it detects a significant increase in temperature, it can use several options:

install an air conditioning and ventilation system;
transfer employees to workplaces with optimal or acceptable temperature conditions;
take frequent breaks during the working day;
reduce working hours depending on the thermometer readings.

If the employer does not use any of the proposed options for solving the problem, the labor inspectorate has the right to hold him accountable because he violates the norms of labor and sanitary and epidemiological legislation. At the same time, the regulatory authorities have the right to:

In addition, Rospotrebnadzor has the right to bring the employer to administrative responsibility, that is, to initiate an administrative case against him. This action is possible provided that the fact of a threat to the life and health of employees working at the enterprise is reliably established.

4 interesting questions about working in the hot season

Question number 1. If the employer did not respond in any way to the message that the temperature regime is beyond the permissible level, is it possible to suspend work?

According to the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, in the event of such a situation, the employee has every right to refuse to perform his duties. In this case, he must notify his employer in writing. Such behavior should not be considered a disciplinary offense and should not be subject to any reprimand from the employer.

Question number 2. What document must be drawn up by an employee in order to refuse to perform official duties at an unacceptable temperature regime?

If such a negative situation occurs, the employee is obliged to provide the employer with a notice indicating the reason for the suspension of the production process, as well as an act on the identification of violations of labor protection requirements. In this case, the documents must be drawn up in two copies, one of which, signed by the accepting employee, remains with the employee in his hands.

Question number 3. If the documents are not accepted or accepted, but no measures are taken on them, or the employee is absenteeism, where can I turn for help in resolving the conflict situation?

In this case, it makes sense to contact labor inspection, whose employees must necessarily respond to the established fact of the offense. In addition, it would be useful to apply to the Trade Union, the main purpose of which is precisely to protect the interests of working people.

Question number 4. If an employee was fired for absenteeism, which was not absenteeism, but a forced termination of work due to a high temperature, where can I turn?

If such a situation arises, it is necessary to contact the labor inspectorate, Rospotrebnadzor, and, if necessary, file a lawsuit to consider the case of the illegal dismissal of an employee.

Naturally, the work itself and the workplace are different. You can not put the working conditions of a loader, a banker and a bulldozer operator on the same bar. Each profession has permissible temperature standards in which people are allowed to work. According to "Appendix No. 1 GOST 12.1.005-88 SSBT General sanitary and hygienic requirements for air working area» all types of work are divided into certain categories, which have their own allowable ranges and microclimatic conditions.

In this article, we will talk more about working conditions in the office, or rather, about its temperature regime.

For some, perhaps the following information will be a revelation. Did you know that a temperature that does not meet the standards prescribed in labor code, reduces your working hours by the hour?

Now someone giggled, because everyone is well aware that in our country, as a rule, it is difficult to achieve justice and legality, but still. Knowing this information, of course, your working day will not be reduced to one hour, but there will be an extra reason to take time off to go home early or demand money for overtime.

Of course, the most active workers can write complaints about management that refuses to provide optimal temperature conditions work. We sincerely believe that you will succeed in this undertaking.

We measure the temperature at the workplace in the office

And so, where to look at the permissible humidity and temperature. "Hygienic requirements for the microclimate industrial premises. SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96 "- this is exactly the official document what you need. It contains clearly defined requirements for the temperature regime in the office. Based on these laws, boldly go to the management and demand a workplace that complies with all established rules.

According to certain temperature standards, in the workplace of office employees, in the summer, it should not be hotter than 23-25 degrees. If we are talking about the cold season, then 22-24 degrees. permissible readings of the thermometer, provided that the humidity of the air is 40-60%.

Naturally there is allowable norms deviations that are only 1 or 2 degrees, no more. During the working day, the temperature can change no more than four degrees.

Approximately in such conditions, you are required to work in the office for 8 hours. When the temperature rises one degree (for example, allowable temperature 25 degrees, but, during the day, it rose by 4 degrees, which is no longer in line with the law), demand to leave work early, namely for an hour. That is, if it is 29 degrees, then the working day in the office is only 7 hours, 30 degrees - 6 hours, etc.

When the thermometer in the office crossed the mark of 32.5, after an hour you have the right to go home.

Approximately the same situation in the cold season. At a temperature of 19 degrees, the working day is 7 hours, 18 degrees. - 6 hours, etc.

To accurately determine the temperature, you must hang the thermometer at a height of 1 meter from the floor.

In general, it will be more profitable for the employer to install an air conditioner or heater at the workplace than to pay a fine under the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation for non-compliance with sanitary rules. Therefore, do not be shy and do not be afraid of your superiors. Make sure your workplace is comfortable and pleasant to work in. Rely on all the above laws and regulations, and you will definitely be able to restore justice.