Name liquid sedatives. List of sedative drugs for osteochondrosis: a review of drugs. Calming agents for certain categories

Menadione sodium bisulfite (menadione)

Composition and form of release of the drug

Solution for intramuscular injection colorless or slightly colored, transparent.

Excipients: sodium disulfite, hydrochloric acid 0.1M solution, water for injection.

1 ml - ampoules (5) - blister packs (1) - cardboard packs.
1 ml - ampoules (5) - blister packs (2) - cardboard packs.
2 ml - ampoules (5) - blister packs (1) - cardboard packs.
2 ml - ampoules (5) - blister packs (2) - cardboard packs.

pharmachologic effect

Antihemorrhagic agent. It is a synthetic analog of K. It is a cofactor in the synthesis of prothrombin and other blood coagulation factors (VII, IX, X) in the liver, and contributes to the normalization of the blood coagulation process.

Pharmacokinetics

After oral administration, it is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Protein binding is reversible. Accumulates mainly in the liver, spleen, myocardium. It is converted into vitamin K 2 in the body. The process of transformation occurs most intensively in the myocardium, skeletal muscles, somewhat weaker - in the kidneys.

Metabolites of vitamin K (monosulfate, phosphate and diglucuronide-2-methyl-1.4-naphthoquinone) are excreted in the urine - up to 70%.

Indications

Hemorrhagic syndrome associated with hypoprothrombinemia; hypovitaminosis K (including with obstructive jaundice, hepatitis, prolonged diarrhea); hemorrhagic disease of the newborn; bleeding after injuries, injuries and surgical interventions; in gynecology as part of the complex treatment of dysfunctional uterine bleeding not associated with organic pathology, with menorrhagia. As a specific antagonist for bleeding associated with taking indirect drugs. III trimester of pregnancy (to prevent bleeding in newborns).

Contraindications

Increased blood clotting, thromboembolism, hypersensitivity to menadione.

Dosage

Adults when taken orally - 15-30 mg / day, intramuscularly - 10-15 mg / day.

Children under the age of 1 year - 2-5 mg / day, up to 2 years - 6 mg / day, 3-4 years - 8 mg / day, 5-9 years - 10 mg / day, 10-14 years - 15 mg / day The frequency of admission is 2-3 times / day. The duration of treatment is set individually.

Maximum doses: for adults, when taken orally, a single dose is 30 mg, a daily dose is 60 mg; with i / m administration, a single dose - 15 mg, daily - 30 mg. For newborns - 4 mg / day.

A world filled with opportunities to gain new knowledge gives women a chance to believe that they are quite capable of treating their ailments on their own.

For example, women, on their own, without consulting and prescribing a doctor, begin to take Vikasol tablets. As a rule, Vikasol is taken during menstruation to change the course of the menstrual cycle.

Let's see if it's worth so selflessly believing in your strengths and knowledge, and thus causing irreparable damage to your own health.

Vikasol tablets from the point of view of pharmacology

The liquid part of the body - blood, moves through the vessels in the absence of disturbances in a normal rhythm, when there are no problems with blood clotting and there are no blood clots. The most insignificant deviations from the usual state of aggregation of the blood lead to a violation of homeostasis. The blood coagulation system is the main component responsible for the absence of bleeding.

Of course, there are some diseases in which blood clotting disorders are at the genetic level, for example, Wergolf's disease, hemophilia. Even with hemostatic drugs, for example, Vikasol, they are not able to help.

Vikasol refers to hemostatics or an indirect coagulant, that is, it stimulates the formation of a blood clot that stops bleeding. In fact, Vikasol is an artificial water-soluble analogue of vitamin K (an essential blood coagulation factor). The drug has its effect due to menadione sodium bisulfite, and in pharmacies we can find it in the form of tablets or injections.

Mechanism of action of Vikasol

The drug, as a synthetic analogue of vitamin K, initiates the synthesis of prothrombin in the liver. He, in turn, starts a sequential chain of blood clot formation. Based on the mechanism of action, women take vikasol on their own to delay the onset of menstruation and to stop menstrual flow. Thus, the number of discharges and their duration are reduced.

The instruction leaflet in the package tells under what conditions Vikasol is indicated:

vitamin K deficiency in obstructive jaundice;
removal of part of the small intestine;
infectious diseases of the gastrointestinal tract with hemorrhages, for example, dysentery;
Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis;
pathologies of the circulatory system, for example, thrombocytopenic purpura; multiple nasal, dysfunctional uterine, internal bleeding;
diarrhea;
hypothrombinemia;
the smallest hemorrhages in the layers of the skin;
hemorrhagic disease of the newborn;
prolonged massive bleeding after surgery.

Instructions for use do not exclude the item "contraindications":

increased percentage of blood clotting;
frequent blood clots;
hypercoagulation;
hemolytic disease in newborns.

Particular care should be taken with the reception during pregnancy and lactation, with liver and kidney failure, deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase.

Tablets "Vikasol" in gynecology

The drug is an official pharmacological drug, which means it can cause side effects. The help of the drug with heavy menstrual bleeding, and even with dysfunctional uterine bleeding, has long been known. Women willingly advise their friends to take it to stop their periods. Such dubious advice, as a rule, women find by reading reviews on women's forums. Some reviews help you find answers to your questions, but you should not rely on them, because the reaction of each organism is individual to a particular drug. For some reason, women believe that Vikasol can be taken at every need, without thinking about the consequences, although the old drug no longer has the best reputation.

The reasons why Vikasol will disappoint a woman:

Stop menstruation with this drug will not work immediately. The active work of vikasol begins at best in a day, which means that by this time you will already lose a large amount of blood (if your periods are excessively heavy or uterine bleeding has begun), and the help of the drug will be belated. Vikasol will stop heavy periods only if they are caused by vitamin K deficiency;
If vikasol is taken uncontrollably, serious functional disorders in the body are not far off;
Assessing the reviews of women who once evaluated the effectiveness of the drug on themselves, we can conclude that side effects appear in every third case. That is, it is not possible to stop menstruation on time, and in addition, other problems are superimposed, for example, allergic urticaria, tachycardia, increased blood pressure, etc.

How to take the drug to stop menstruation?

As a rule, the package leaflet is created precisely so that the patient reads again all the indications, contraindications and risks of taking the medicine, as well as the method of dosing and taking it in different situations.

The number of side effects, which the reviews only partially mention, will be reduced if the medication is prescribed by a gynecologist in accordance with the indications. Taking the drug in tablet form - 0.015 - 0.03 g during the day (2 tablets). Injection form - intramuscularly no more than 0.03 g, that is, 1 injection.

It is forbidden to increase the amount of the substance taken, since excessive intake leads to the rapid development of edema, and massive formation of blood clots.

You should not violate your health, even if the long-awaited vacation comes at the same time as menstruation. Perhaps the early intake of vikasol will reduce the amount of discharge, speed up or even stop menstruation, but soon the body will remind you of such a gross interference in physiology.

yagotova.ru

Vikasol is a drug that can stop periods or make them less intense. But, like any medicine, it must be taken according to certain rules. How does Vikasol look like instructions for use during menstruation?

Vikasol during menstruation

The drug Vikasol is a stimulator of the production of an important protein in the blood, prothrombin, which contributes to its clotting. In fact, this is a medication that stops or reduces various types of bleeding in the body, including menstrual bleeding. Therefore, it is often prescribed for heavy periods to reduce their intensity.

Participates in the process of synthesizing new elements of the biological fluid - stabilizes the general condition of the body, relieves fatigue, prevents the development of anemia.

Instructions for use during heavy periods

Not all women understand exactly what Vikasol is, what this drug helps with. The medicine can be taken in the form of tablets or intramuscular injections. In the first option, the active substance begins to work after 12 hours, and in the second, almost immediately after administration.

Most often, it is prescribed if unusually heavy menstruation has begun. It can provoke:

fibroids formed in the ovary;
diseases of the uterine mucosa - endometritis and endometriosis;
hormonal imbalance;
inability of the uterus to contract;
lack of vitamin K;
poor blood clotting.

In these cases, Vikasol is prescribed to stop menstruation, but it must be understood that it does not eliminate the causes of heavy bleeding. The medicine helps to increase the content of platelets in the blood, so that it coagulates faster.

Self-administration of the drug is not the best idea. It can help someone, be useless for others, and even harm someone.

The active substance works best if the heavy discharge is caused by vitamin K deficiency. In many other cases, Vikasol tablets during menstruation can begin to act effectively only after 12-24 hours, and during this time you can lose a lot of blood. This is especially true in cases where it is not about heavy menstruation, but about uterine bleeding.

If you do not consult a gynecologist on how to take Vikasol, you can not only fall victim to side effects, but also lead the body to serious disorders.

How to take Vikasol during menstruation

Vikasol instructions for use during menstruation depend on the form in which the medication was prescribed. The norm of the active substance that can be taken per day is 60 mg. These are two tablets or one intramuscular injection. Tablets are usually taken before meals twice a day for 7 days before the expected period, but the doctor may adjust the distribution of the daily dose. You can take the medicine continuously for no longer than 4 days in a row.

It is important to remember that the medicine does not work immediately. Therefore, to stop menstruation, you do not need to try to do this by taking a loading dose.

The use of the drug in excess of the norm threatens the formation of blood clots, hormonal and menstrual failure. Blood, the movement of which has been stopped, accumulates in the body and can cause the development of an inflammatory process, edema and internal decomposition of the blood.

Similar problems are often observed in women who have used a stopping drug in order to delay the onset of menstruation for personal reasons. After such experiments, the menstrual cycle can take a long time to recover and be accompanied by problems in the reproductive system.

Indications Vikasol during menstruation

For the appointment of the drug Vikasol, the indications are usually as follows:

hemorrhagic syndrome due to hypoprothrombinemia;
blood loss after injury, trauma or surgery;
lack of vitamin K.

The latter often occurs if a woman has had jaundice, suffered from diarrhea for a long time, is sick with cirrhosis of the liver or hepatitis.

The use of this remedy has been proven to be highly effective in uterine bleeding and hemorrhagic disease in infants. It is prescribed in case of an overdose of drugs that destabilize the amount of vitamin K in the body.

If vikasol is not used, analogues of this remedy are Dicinon, Etamzilat, Contriven, Tranexam, Vilate.

They prefer to work with Dicinon and Etamzilat during operations. But analogues also have a number of contraindications. They can not be taken with thrombosis, porphyria and bleeding that began as a result of an overdose of anticoagulants. Also, unlike Vikasol, some analogues cannot be used during pregnancy.

Contraindications

Vikasol with heavy periods should not be taken by those suffering from:

thrombosis;
predisposition or presence of thromboembolism;
high rate of blood clotting;
hypercoagulation;
atherosclerosis.

As already mentioned, exceeding the daily allowance can cause the development of many pathologies, so it is impossible to violate the rules of admission. The use of this medicine is considered useless if the woman has von Willebrand and Werhof disease or hemophilia.

Side effects

A strong side effect can occur even if the medicine is not abused. This is one of the reasons to carefully consider the need to take it. A third of women who took Vikasol suffer from side effects. It can be:

hives;
severe itching and redness of the skin;
allergic rashes;
lowering blood pressure;
tachycardia;
dizziness;
headache;
destabilization of the liver;
hemolytic anemia;
loss of consciousness;
red spots on the face;
swelling and spasms in asthmatic patients;
change in taste perception.

Due to the risk of side effects and improper absorption of the drug by the body, its intake should be monitored by a doctor. In the course of treatment, a necessary aspect is the monitoring of blood clotting.

Vikasol is a drug that is quite effective if necessary to reduce the discharge during menstruation or completely stop bleeding. But its effectiveness does not apply to all cases and the drug does not work immediately after use. Therefore, an independent decision to take this medication when bleeding is detected may be erroneous. Also, you can not use the medication as a way to delay the onset of menstruation for several days. Such amateur activity can lead to serious functional disorders of the reproductive system and the body as a whole.

omesyachnyh.ru

Tablets "Vikasol" to stop menstruation: reviews, features of use and side effects

The drug "Vikasol" is a vitamin preparation of synthetic origin, prevents the development and stop of bleeding of various etiologies. It has a reversible effect on the blood coagulation system, it is indicated for people with serious liver diseases, heavy uterine bleeding. It can be taken in late pregnancy.

In this article, we will consider how Vikasol is used to stop menstruation. Feedback will also be given.

Description

The active drug substance of the drug "Vikasol" is an analogue of vitamin K, which is responsible for blood clotting in the body. It is a hemostatic and anticoagulant. After absorption into the systemic circulation, it is able to:

How does the medication work?

The drug begins to act actively after 7-24 hours (depending on the dosage form) after administration. The scheme is as follows:

When released into the blood, it binds to plasma proteins.
Affects the formation of prothrombin and blood coagulation factor IV (production of proconvertin).
Converted to vitamin K.
It is excreted through the kidneys in the form of metabolites in the urine.

Many patients use the drug "Vikasol" to stop menstruation. Reviews confirm its effectiveness in this case.

What are the dosage forms?

In pharmacies, the drug can be purchased in the following dosage forms:

In the form of tablets, packaged in packs of 25-50 pieces. The active substance is 0.015 g per tablet.
In the form of ampoules: 1% solution for injection with a volume of 1 ml, from 10 to 100 doses per package.

How to take "Vikasol" to stop menstruation (reviews are also available), we will describe below.

In what cases is it prescribed?

The drug has a pronounced effect in the treatment of diseases that change the composition of the blood and its clotting. We list the main ones:

hypovitaminosis of vitamin K, including hepatitis and jaundice, associated with low secretion of bilirubin;
peptic ulcer, colitis, bleeding from the stomach and duodenum;
impaired functioning of the pancreas, small intestine, Crohn's disease;
prolonged nosebleeds, subcutaneous and mucous hemorrhages;
prolonged uterine bleeding (hypermenorrhea);
in order to stop bleeding in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy (prescribed by a doctor).
prevention and treatment of bleeding in newborns;
radiation sickness;

restoration of blood clotting after taking anticoagulants - vitamin K antagonists;
persistent diarrhea, dysentery;
preparation for the operation.

The instructions for the drug do not contain information about the possibility of using "Vikasol" to stop menstruation. Reviews confirm this.

In veterinary medicine, the remedy treats postoperative bleeding and injuries, food poisoning of animals.

Contraindications for admission

The main contraindications are pregnancy and liver failure. It is not directly prohibited, but it is not recommended to use the drug in conjunction with a large dose of alcohol.

It is also contraindicated to take the medicine in the presence of the following pathologies:

hypercoagulation syndrome (increased activity of the blood coagulation system);
thromboembolism;
neonatal jaundice;
hypersensitivity to the components of the drug.

How to drink "Vikasol" during menstruation? How to stop bleeding? These are common questions.

Overdose

An overdose of the drug leads to the following symptoms:

itching, urticaria, redness of the skin;
bronchospasm;
dizziness;
drop in blood pressure, tachycardia.

Also, injections can lead to reddening of the injection site and the appearance of local allergic reactions. Very rarely, convulsions and jaundice are noted in newborns. When taken simultaneously with other hemostatic drugs, the risk of adverse reactions increases.

How to use Vikasol Biosintez tablets correctly?

Tablets and ampoules for intramuscular administration are prescribed in the following dosages:

adults - no more than 30 mg, per day - no more than 60 mg;
the maximum daily dose in pediatrics will be 2 mg (for newborns) and 15 mg (for children and adolescents 10-15 years);
elderly people are recommended to reduce the daily dosage by 2 times;
if there are severe and life-threatening conditions, then it is permissible to increase the dosage of "Vikasol" in the solution for injection using additional hemostatic agents with rapid action.

The course lasts an average of five days. The regimen for the use of the drug is prescribed individually. It is influenced by the severity and duration of the course of the disease.

After the start of treatment, it is necessary to control the prothrombin index of the blood.

If simultaneous administration of antibiotics with a wide spectrum of action is required, then the effectiveness will decrease, therefore, it is necessary to increase the daily and single dosage.

This confirms the instructions for use for the Vikasol preparation. With heavy periods, only a doctor should prescribe it.

How is the drug used in gynecology?

Women use "Vikasol" to stop menstruation, and also when there are heavy periods. However, only the attending physician should prescribe the medication, since the intake must be reasonable and safe. The tool treats:

dysfunctional uterine bleeding based on vitamin K deficiency;
endometritis, endometriosis - is prescribed along with other medicines;
prolonged bleeding after abortion or in cases of medical termination of pregnancy.

If "Vikasol" is used uncontrollably during menstruation, then this can lead to disturbances in the functioning of the reproductive system, as well as reduce blood clotting, cause allergic reactions, provoke heart rhythm failures, a drop or increase in blood pressure.

The permissible dose of the drug should not be exceeded during menstruation (women can do this to reduce the abundance and duration of menstruation). This is strictly prohibited, because it is life-threatening!

If there is an urgent need, you can take the drug once to stop menstruation. It is necessary to do this according to the following scheme: 1-2 tablets per day. Do not take the drug for longer than 2 days.

We looked at how to use "Vikasol" to stop menstruation. Reviews confirm the effectiveness of this tool.

Reception in pregnant and lactating women

The feasibility of using the drug "Vikasol" in pregnant women is decided together with the attending physician. There is no information about the negative effect of the active substance on the fetus.

It is extremely rare that it is prescribed in the 3rd trimester, when prevention of birth bleeding is needed or there is placental abruption. They take it in combination with vitamin E, injections of Dicinon, No-shpa. It is not contraindicated during breastfeeding. During pregnancy, it is now prescribed extremely rarely.

How is it used for newborns?

If a newborn has a hemorrhagic disease (bleeding of the intestines, stomach and umbilical wound), then he can be prescribed a course consisting of one intramuscular injection, which must be done every three days. In particularly difficult cases, simultaneous transfusion of blood plasma is required.

How to store?

The drug is stored at a temperature not exceeding 25 degrees, away from sunlight. To buy it in a pharmacy, you need a doctor's prescription. Its shelf life is two years.

Compound

1 ml of the solution contains the active substance: menadione sodium bisulfite (Vikasol) in terms of menadione sodium bisulfite trihydrate - 10.0 mg.

Pharmacotherapeutic group

Vitamin K analog synthetic

ATX code

pharmachologic effect

A water-soluble analogue of vitamin K (vitamin K3), promotes the synthesis of prothrombin and proconvertin, increases blood clotting by enhancing the synthesis of II, VII, IX, X coagulation factors. It has a hemostatic effect (in case of vitamin K deficiency, increased bleeding occurs). In the blood, prothrombin (factor II) in the presence of thromboplastin and calcium ions, with the participation of proconvertin (factor VII), factors IX (Christmas factor), X (Stewart-Prauer factor) passes into thrombin, under the influence of which fibrinogen is converted into fibrin, constituting the basis of a blood clot (thrombus). Substrate stimulates K-vitamin reductase, which activates vitamin K and ensures its participation in the hepatic synthesis of K-vitamin-dependent plasma hemostasis factors. The beginning of the effect - after 8-24 hours (after intramuscular injection).

Indications for use

Hemorrhagic syndrome associated with hypoprothrombinemia; hypovitaminosis K (including with obstructive jaundice, hepatitis, cirrhosis of the liver, prolonged diarrhea); bleeding after injuries, injuries and surgical interventions; as part of the complex therapy of dysfunctional uterine bleeding, menorrhagia. Treatment and prevention of hemorrhagic disease of the newborn. Overdose of vitamin K antagonist drugs (warfarin, phenindione, acenocoumarol).

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to the components of the drug. Increased blood clotting, thromboembolism. Hemolytic disease of the newborn. Pregnancy and lactation. With caution: deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, liver failure.

Dosage and administration

The drug is administered intramuscularly. For adults, a single dose is 10-15 mg, the maximum single dose is 30 mg, the maximum daily dose is 60 mg. In pediatrics: newborns up to 4 mg/day up to 1 year 2-5 mg/day 1-2 years 6 mg/day 3-4 years 8 mg/day 5-9 years 10 mg/day 10-14 years 15 mg/day From the age of 15, the drug is prescribed in the same way as for adult patients. The duration of treatment is 3-4 days, after a four-day break, again 3-4 days. The daily dose can be divided into 2-3 doses. In surgical interventions with possible severe parenchymal bleeding, it is prescribed for 2-3 days before surgery.

Release form

Solution for intramuscular injection 10 mg/ml. 1 ml or 2 ml in ampoules of colorless neutral glass type I with a colored break ring or with a colored dot and notch or without a break ring, colored dot and notch. One, two or three colored rings and/or two-dimensional barcode and/or alphanumeric coding or without additional color rings, two-dimensional barcode, alphanumeric coding can additionally be applied to the ampoules. 5 ampoules in a blister pack made of PVC film and lacquered aluminum foil or polymer film or without foil and without film. Or 5 ampoules are placed in a pre-made form (tray) made of cardboard with cells for laying ampoules. 1 or 2 blister packs or cardboard trays, together with instructions for use and a scarifier or ampoule knife, or without a scarifier and ampoule knife, are placed in a cardboard package (pack).

Instruction

for medical use

medicinal product

VIKASOL-DARNICA

Tradename

Vikasol-Darnitsa

International non-proprietary name

menadione sodium bisulfite

Dosage form

Solution for injection 1% 1 ml

Compound

1 ml of solution contains

active substance - vikasol (menadione sodium bisulfite) 10 mg,

Excipients: sodium metabisulfite (E 223), 0.1 M hydrochloric acid, water for injection.

Description

Clear colorless or slightly yellowish liquid

Pharmacotherapeutic group

Hemostatics. Vitamin K and other hemostatics. Vitamin K. Menadione.

ATX code B02B A02

Pharmacological properties

Pharmacokinetics

After intramuscular administration, it is easily and quickly absorbed into the systemic circulation. Binding to plasma proteins is reversible. The blood of patients with a very low albumin content weakly binds vitamin K, or does not bind it at all. Accumulates mainly in the liver, spleen, myocardium. The most intensive process of metabolism occurs in the myocardium, skeletal muscles, somewhat weaker - in the kidneys. Excreted by the kidneys and bile almost exclusively as metabolites. Metabolites of vitamin K (monosulfate, phosphate and diglucuronide-2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone) are excreted in the urine - up to 70%. High concentrations of vitamin K in feces are due to the fact that it is synthesized by the intestinal microflora.

Pharmacodynamics

Vitamin K exists in several forms. The main form of vitamin K, vitamin K 1 (phylloquinone), is found in plants, especially green leafy vegetables. Another form of vitamin K is vitamin K2 (menaquinone), which can be absorbed to a limited extent. It is produced by bacteria in the lower small intestine and in the large intestine.

Vikasol-Darnitsa is a synthetic analogue of water-soluble vitamin K and is considered as vitamin K 3 (menadione), promotes the synthesis of prothrombin and proconvertin, increases blood clotting by enhancing the synthesis of II, VII, IX, X coagulation factors. It has a hemostatic effect (in case of vitamin K deficiency, increased bleeding occurs). In the blood, prothrombin (factor II) in the presence of thromboplastin and Ca 2+, with the participation of proconvertin (factor VII), factors IX (Christmas factor, X (Stuart-Prauer factor) passes into thrombin, under the influence of which fibrinogen is converted into fibrin, which is the basis of a blood clot (thrombus).Vikasol-Darnitsa as a substrate stimulates K-vitamin reductase, which activates vitamin K and ensures its participation in the hepatic synthesis of K-vitamin-dependent plasma hemostasis factors.

The role of vitamin K in humans and animals is not limited to the effect on the biosynthesis of procoagulants. It has an impact on bioenergetics and a number of anabolic processes. It is important for the exchange of macroergic compounds, for the formation of ATP. K-vitamin deficiency leads to a deficiency of ATP and a weakening of the energy supply for the biosynthesis of many compounds. The latter include not only procoagulants, but also other rapidly renewing proteins, including a number of enzymes not directly related to the blood coagulation process. With a deficiency of vitamin K, the biosynthesis of some biologically active substances of a non-protein nature is also weakened: serotonin, histamine, acetylcholine. The onset of the effect is 8-24 hours after intramuscular injection.

Indications for use

Bleeding and against the background of hypoprothrombinemia due to jaundice, in acute hepatitis, capillary and parenchymal bleeding

After surgery and injury

Bleeding with peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum

Severe symptoms of acute radiation sickness

Prolonged nose and hemorrhoidal bleeding

Hemorrhagic phenomena in premature babies

Uterine premenopausal and juvenile bleeding

Spontaneous bleeding

Preparation for surgery, if there is a risk of bleeding in the postoperative period, pulmonary bleeding, with hemorrhagic phenomena against the background of septic diseases

Bleeding and hypoprothrombinemia due to an overdose of phenylin, neodicumarin, other anticoagulants - vitamin K antagonists

Dosage and administration

The drug is administered intramuscularly.

Adults single dose - 10 mg, maximum single dose - 15 mg, maximum daily dose - 30 mg.

The duration of treatment is 3-4 days, after a 4-day break, the course is repeated if necessary.

In surgical interventions with possible severe parenchymal bleeding, it is prescribed for 2-3 days before surgery.

children: up to 1 year - 2-5 mg / day, 1-2 years - 6 mg / day, 3-4 years - 8 mg / day, 5-9 years - 10 mg / day, 10-18 years - 15 mg / day day The dose is divided into 2 injections. The duration of treatment is determined by the doctor.

Side effects

Facial flushing, skin rash (including erythematous, urticaria), skin itching, bronchospasm
- hemolytic anemia, hemolysis in newborns with congenital deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase or in patients with vitamin E deficiency, thromboembolism

Transient decrease in blood pressure, tachycardia, weak filling of the pulse

- injection site reactions: pain and swelling at the injection site, discoloration of the skin in the form of spots with repeated injections in the same place. Vikasol can cause localized scleroderma
- others: hyperbilirubinemia, jaundice (including kernicterus in infants), dizziness, profuse sweat, change in taste, sensation of heat.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to the components of the drug

Hypercoagulability, thromboembolism

Hemolytic disease of the newborn

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency

Severe liver failure.

Drug Interactions

With simultaneous use with oral anticoagulants, a decrease in anticoagulant action is possible. Weakens the effect of indirect anticoagulants (including coumarin and indandione derivatives). Does not affect the anticoagulant activity of heparin. Simultaneous use with broad-spectrum antibiotics, quinidine, quinine, salicylates in high doses, sulfonamides requires an increase in the dose of vitamin K.

With simultaneous use with hemolytic drugs, the risk of side effects increases.

With simultaneous use with aggregants and inhibitors of fibrinolysis, their hemostatic effect is potentiated.

special instructions

It should be borne in mind that when using Vikasol, inhibition of platelet aggregation may occur. With hemophilia, thrombocytopenic purpura and Werlhof's disease, the drug is not effective.

For the prevention of hemorrhagic disease of the newborn, phytomenadione is better than menadione sodium bisulfite, since it rarely causes hyperbilirubinemia and hemolytic anemia in newborns (including premature ones).

Children

The drug is used in pediatric practice.

Pregnancy and lactation

Be wary appoint during pregnancy.

Vikasol-Darnitsa is a risk drug during pregnancy. The use of the drug in the Ι and ΙΙ trimesters is possible according to indications, if the benefit to the mother outweighs the risk to the fetus. Prophylactic administration of vitamin K in the III trimester of pregnancy is ineffective due to its low permeability through the placenta.

If it is necessary to prescribe the drug to women who are breastfeeding, breastfeeding should be stopped for the period of treatment.

Features of the influence of the drug on the ability to drive vehicles and especially dangerous mechanisms

The drug does not affect the reaction rate when driving vehicles or working with other mechanisms. If dizziness occurs during treatment, a decrease in blood pressure should refrain from driving and working with moving mechanisms.

Incompatibility

Vikasol is incompatible with sulfa drugs, PAS, salicialates, oxycoumarin. Not compatible in one syringe with solutions of alkalis and acids. The active substance of the drug quickly disintegrates under the influence of direct sunlight.

Overdose

Symptoms: hypervitaminosis K, manifested by hyperprothrombinemia and hyperthrombinemia, hyperbilirubinemia, jaundice, increased activity of liver enzymes; abdominal pain, constipation or diarrhea, general agitation and agitation, skin rashes were noted. In isolated cases, children develop toxicosis, manifested by convulsions.

Treatment. Cancel the drug. Under the control of indicators of the coagulation system, anticoagulants are prescribed. Therapy is symptomatic.

Release form and packaging

1 ml of the drug in glass ampoules.

A label made of paper with a self-adhesive coating is glued onto the ampoule or applied with gravure printing ink for glass products.

5 ampoules, together with a knife for opening ampoules, are placed in a blister pack (cassette).

Two blister packs, together with instructions for medical use in the state and Russian languages, are placed in a pack.

10 ampoules, together with instructions for medical use in the state and Russian languages and a knife for opening ampoules, are put into a box with a corrugated liner.

When packing ampoules with a colored break ring or a colored break point, the placement of knives for opening ampoules is excluded.

Storage conditions

Store in original packaging at temperatures between 2°C and 8°C.

Keep out of the reach of children!

Shelf life

Do not use after the expiration date

Terms of dispensing from pharmacies

On prescription

Producer/packer

PJSC "Pharmaceutical firm "Darnitsa"

Ukraine, 02093, Kyiv, st. Borispolskaya, 13.

Registration certificate holder

PJSC “Pharmaceutical firm “Darnitsa”, Ukraine

The address of the organization accepting claims from consumers on the quality of products on the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan -

phone/fax: (+ 380 44) 207 73 27

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Trade name:

Vikasol

International non-proprietary name:

menadione sodium bisulfite

Dosage form:

solution for intramuscular injection

Composition per 1 ml:

Activesubstance: sodium menadione bisulfite (Vikasol) in terms of sodium menadione bisulfite trihydrate - 10.0 mg;

Auxiliarysubstances: sodium disulfite - 1.0 mg, 0.1 M hydrochloric acid solution - up to pH 2.2-3.5, water for injection - up to 1.0 ml.

Description:

clear colorless or slightly colored yellow or green-yellow liquid.

Pharmacotherapeutic group:

vitamin K analog synthetic

The codeATX: B02BA02

PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES

Pharmacodynamics

In the blood, prothrombin (factor II) in the presence of thromboplastin and calcium ions, with the participation of proconvertin (factor VII), factors IX (Christmas factor), X (Stewart-Prauer factor) passes into thrombin, under the influence of which fibrinogen is converted into fibrin, constituting the basis of a blood clot (thrombus).

Substrate stimulates K-vitamin reductase, which activates vitamin K and ensures its participation in the hepatic synthesis of K-vitamin-dependent plasma hemostasis factors. The beginning of the effect - after 8-24 hours (after intramuscular injection).

Pharmacokinetics

After intramuscular administration, it is easily and quickly absorbed. In small quantities accumulates in the tissues. After passing the cycle of metabolic activation, it is oxidized in the liver to the diol form. Excreted by the kidneys and bile mainly in the form of metabolites. High concentrations of vitamin K in feces are due to its synthesis by the intestinal microflora.

INDICATIONS FOR USE

CONTRAINDICATIONS

Hypersensitivity to the components of the drug. Increased blood clotting, thromboembolism. Hemolytic disease of the newborn. Pregnancy and lactation.

FROMcaution: deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, liver failure.

USE IN PREGNANCY AND DURING BREASTFEEDING

In experimental studies in animals, an adverse effect on the fetus was revealed. Controlled studies of the use of the drug Vikasol in pregnant women have not been conducted. Use during pregnancy and childbirth is contraindicated (risk of developing hemolytic anemia, hyperbilirubinemia and kernicterus in the fetus and newborn). At the time of use of the drug should stop breastfeeding.

METHOD OF APPLICATION AND DOSES

The drug is administered intramuscularly. For adults, a single dose is 10-15 mg, the maximum single dose is 30 mg, the maximum daily dose is 60 mg. In pediatrics:

From the age of 15, the drug is prescribed in the same way as for adult patients.

The duration of treatment is 3-4 days, after a four-day break, again 3-4 days. The daily dose can be divided into 2-3 doses. In surgical interventions with possible severe parenchymal bleeding, it is prescribed for 2-3 days before surgery.

SIDE EFFECT

Allergic reactions: hives

Blood disorders: hemolytic anemia, hemolysis in newborns with congenital deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase.

Nervous system disorders: dizziness; change in taste sensations.

Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders: bronchospasm.

Cardiovascular disorders: transient decrease in blood pressure, tachycardia, "weak" filling of the pulse.

Liver and biliary tract disorders: jaundice (including nuclear jaundice in newborns).

Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders: flushing of the face, skin rash (including erythematous), pruritus.

General disorders and disorders at the injection site: pain and swelling at the injection site, skin lesions in the form of spots with repeated injections in the same place; "profuse" sweat.

Laboratory and instrumental data: hyperbilirubinemia.

Disulfite, which is part of the sodium preparation, can in rare cases cause severe hypersensitivity reactions and bronchospasm.

OVERDOSE

Symptoms: hypervitaminosis K, manifested by hyperprothrombinemia (which may be accompanied by thrombosis), hemolytic anemia, hyperbilirubinemia. In isolated cases, especially in children, convulsions develop.

Treatment: drug withdrawal, symptomatic therapy. In some cases, it is possible to prescribe direct anticoagulants (unfractionated heparin) under the control of indicators of the blood coagulation system.

INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS

Weakens the effect of indirect anticoagulants (including coumarin and indandione derivatives).

Does not affect the anticoagulant activity of direct anticoagulants (including heparin).

Simultaneous administration with broad-spectrum antibiotics, quinidine, quinine, salicylates in high doses, sulfanilamide preparations requires an increase in the dose of vitamin K.

The simultaneous administration of the drug Vikasol with drugs that can cause hemolysis increases the risk of side effects.

SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS

With hemophilia, von Willebrand's disease and Werlhof's disease, the drug is ineffective.

In patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, Vikasol may cause hemolysis.

Parenteral administration of the drug Vikasol is indicated in cases where it is impossible to take vitamin K preparations orally, as well as in diseases that lead to a violation of the outflow of bile.

Influenceon theabilitytoleadernyuvehiclesandmanagementmechanisms

RELEASE FORM

Solution for intramuscular injection 10 mg/ml.

1 ml or 2 ml in ampoules of colorless neutral glass type I with a colored break ring or with a colored dot and notch or without a break ring, colored dot and notch. One, two or three colored rings and/or two-dimensional barcode and/or alphanumeric coding can additionally be applied to the ampoules, or without additional color rings, two-dimensional barcode, alphanumeric coding.

5 ampoules in a blister pack made of PVC film and lacquered aluminum foil or polymer film or without foil and without film. Or 5 ampoules are placed in a pre-made form (tray) made of cardboard with cells for laying ampoules. 1 or 2 blister packs or cardboard trays, together with instructions for use and a scarifier or ampoule knife, or without a scarifier and ampoule knife, are placed in a cardboard package (pack).

Storage conditions

In a place protected from light at a temperature not exceeding 25 ° C.

Do not freeze.

Keep out of the reach of children.

Best before date

3 years. Do not use after the expiration date.

Holiday conditions

Legal address:

445351, Russia, Samara region, Zhigulevsk, st. Pesochnaya, 11

Address of the place of production (address for correspondence, including for receiving claims):

445351, Russia, Samara region, Zhigulevsk, st. Gidrostroiteley, d. 6-A