Structure building regulations, which include SNiP for floor screed, is currently formed as follows: the basis is the federal law "On technical regulation" (No. 184-FZ of December 27, 2002). The following is a federal law Technical regulation on the safety of buildings and structures” (No. 384-FZ of December 30, 2009).
Its norms are applied without fail, tk. they define the conditions safe design, construction and operation of buildings and structures. Its provisions are of a framework, general, nature. The specification of the relevant parameters occurs through the publication and application of building rules or updating the old ones, adopted back in the years of the existence of the USSR. At a certain stage, difficulties arose with understanding which SNiPs (currently referred to as codes of practice) must be applied. For this, on 06/21/2010, the Government of the Russian Federation issued a list of standards and building rules (in whole or in part), the application of which on a mandatory basis ensures compliance with the requirements of the technical regulation. In addition, another list was approved by order of Rostekhregulirovanie (No. 2079 dated 06/01/2010). It includes rules and standards, the application of which on voluntary basis requires compliance with the terms of the technical regulation.
Floor rules
The screed is an element of the overall floor construction. It is designed to create a smooth and durable sub-base for laying. floor covering. It perceives and distributes the loads that arise during the operation of the premises. In most cases, during the application cement strainer. 05/20/2011 was put into effect updated set of rules "SNiP 2.03.13-88 Floors" (see order of the Ministry of Regional Development of Russia No. 785 dated 12/27/2010). It replaced the previous rules, which were published back in 1988 (see).
By that time, a number of provisions of the former SNiP of 1988 had already been included in the “mandatory” list approved by Decree No. 1047 (we are talking about sections 1, 2 (clauses 2.1-2.5, 2.6-2.9), 3-7 of the old rules). It is expected that during the transitional period this list will be updated taking into account the new sets of rules (their content and structure). Up to this point, the old rules apply as long as they are mentioned in the government's decree, i.e. new joint ventures do not yet cancel the old SNiP (see Letter of the Ministry of Regional Development of Russia dated 15.08.2011 N 18529-08 / IP-OG).
According to clause 1.1 of the joint venture as amended in 2011, the rules apply to cases design floors. Production the work itself on the manufacture of floors is carried out in accordance with SNiP 3.04.01 (see clause 1.4; in this case, in the text of the document, these rules are indicated without an index indicating the year of their adoption; now - 1987). These rules mostly govern the conduct of finishing works(determine, in particular, the types of finishes, as well as the associated permits). However, the provisions are not included in the list provided for by Decree No. 1047, i.e. their observance is not mandatory.
The provisions of the updated set of rules that normalize individual indicators of screeds are provided for in section 8 (old SNiP - in section 5). In particular, the rules define:
- the appointment of screeds (clause 8.1);
- minimum layer thickness (clauses 8.2, 8.6, 8.7, 8.9);
- its strength;
- tolerances in terms of angular deviations (clause 8.13);
- device conditions expansion joints(clauses 8.14 and 8.15).
flooring requirements
According to clause 8.13 of SP 29.13330.2011, the clearance between a two-meter rail and the screed surface should not exceed 2 mm for linoleum, parquet, laminated parquet coatings.
In accordance with paragraph 4.24 of the old SNiP 3.04.01-87, the horizontal deviation of the screed should not exceed 0.2% (and in any case not more than 50 mm).
It should also be borne in mind that the design of the floor must comply with the content of the sanitary rules, and in particular, provide adequate sound insulation of the premises - in particular, prevent the spread of impact noise. For this, technologies "" are used.
In the specialized section of our website, you can also familiarize yourself with the rules of the device - both general requirements and tolerances, and standards that determine manufacturing technologies certain types leveling layers.
SNiP for semi-dry floor screed
AT recent times in the construction services market, the technology of mechanized production of screeds, called in Russia "semi-dry screed", has become widespread. This method subfloor leveling came to us from countries Western Europe along with the penetration of specialized mobile units designed for automatic preparation of the solution and its supply to the place of work.
There is no specialized SNiP for a semi-dry screed. On the common grounds apply existing rules: for the design of floors - SP 29.13330.2011, and for their manufacture - as yet not updated rules 3.04.01-87, which regulate the conduct of work on the application of insulating layers.
The obligatory application of these rules is established on a general basis: only those of their provisions that are listed in a special decree of the government of the Russian Federation are obligatory.
There are currently no references to this topic in the article.
- AT last years technology has gained considerable popularity in the market of apartment renovation services. mechanized screed sex or, as it is also called, semi-dry screed. We talk about it in a separate article on our website. In preparation for its writing, we asked our engineers and foremen to summarize their experience in conducting these works directly in Moscow and the Moscow region.
Notes
No footnotes found for this article. We regularly edit dictionary entries. Perhaps soon additional materials will be posted at this place.
Inspection object: concrete screed
Address of construction expertise: Moscow
The purpose of the construction expertise: to assess the quality of the completed construction and installation works on the installation of the screed for compliance with the requirements of the current regulatory and technical documentation (screed expertise).
Technical means of control used at the facility: DISTO classic/lite laser rangefinder, Canon digital camera, metric tape measure GOST 7502 - 80, Pulsar ultrasonic tester.
When examining and drawing up an expert opinion, regulatory documents were used.
General provisions for determining quality
The technical inspection of the Customer's object was carried out in order to make an examination of the screed. The basis for the technical survey is the Construction Expertise Contract, which specifies the purpose of the survey and the list of works to be performed. When performing survey work, the obtained data were taken into account, defects were photographed. The results of the survey, which served as the basis for this conclusion, are given as of October 05, 2010.
Diagnostic examination
Survey building structures buildings and structures is carried out, as a rule, in three interconnected stages:
- preparation for the survey;
- preliminary (visual) examination;
- detailed (instrumental) examination.
In accordance with the requirements of SP 13-102-2003 clause 6.1 Preparation for surveys provides for familiarization with the object of the survey, design and executive documentation on the structure and construction of the structure, with documentation on the operation and repairs and reconstruction that took place, with the results of previous surveys.
Produced by an expert visual inspection object, with selective fixation on digital camera, which complies with the requirements of SP 13-102-2003 clause 7.2 The basis of the preliminary survey is the inspection of a building or structure and individual structures using measuring tools and devices (binoculars, cameras, tape measures, calipers, probes, etc.).
The measurement work was carried out in accordance with the requirements of SP 13-102-2003 clause 8.2.1 The purpose of the measurement work is to clarify the actual geometric parameters building structures and their elements, determining their compliance with the project or deviation from it. Instrumental measurements clarify the spans of structures, their location and pitch in plan, cross-sectional dimensions, height of rooms, marks of characteristic nodes, distances between nodes, etc. Based on the measurement results, plans are drawn up with the actual location of structures, sections of buildings, drawings of working sections of load-bearing structures and junctions of structures and their elements.
Classifier of the main types of defects in construction and building materials industry
- Critical Defect(when performing construction and installation work) - a defect in the presence of which a building, structure, part or structural element are functionally unsuitable, further work under the conditions of strength and stability is unsafe, or may lead to a decrease in the specified characteristics during operation. A critical defect is subject to unconditional elimination before the start of subsequent work or with a suspension of work.
- Major Defect- a defect in the presence of which significantly deteriorates performance characteristics construction products and their durability. A significant defect is subject to elimination before its concealment by subsequent works.
In this case, each single deviation from design solutions or failure to comply with regulations.
The expert carried out a diagnostic survey of the object with the determination of the quality of the construction and installation works performed in accordance with the requirements SNiP. The survey was carried out by the method of measuring quality control.
When assessing the quality of the performed construction and installation works on the device, the following was established:
When tapping the coating concrete screed changes in the nature of the sound were recorded on numerous areas of the floor surface. This fact indicates a poor-quality base, as a result of which there is no adhesion of the upper floor covering to the base.
Construction expertise comment
According to the “Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation N 1025 of August 15, 1997, On the Approval of the Rules for Consumer Services for the Population in Russian Federation» «If the law or other regulatory legal act of the Russian Federation, adopted in accordance with the law, provides for mandatory requirements to the quality of the service (work), the contractor is obliged to provide a service (perform work) that meets these requirements.
According to GOST R 52059-2003 Household services. Services for the repair and construction of housing and other buildings. General specifications, p. 5.20 "Main repair work basements, cellars, floors of all kinds, roofs, exterior or internal walls various materials, plastering of walls, ceilings, columns, filing ceilings, as well as facing, painting, wallpaper, glass, insulation work must be performed in accordance with SNiP 3.04.01.
The changes in the nature of the sound during the tapping of the floor covering revealed during the survey are a violation of the requirements of SNiP 3.04.01-87 “Insulating and finishing coatings”, table 25, according to which “when checking the adhesion of monolithic coatings and coatings from rigid tile materials with the underlying elements of the floor by tapping, there should be no change in the nature of the sound.
The main requirements for finished floor coverings are given in Table 25:
Table 25
Technical requirements | |
Deviations of the coating surface from the plane when checking with a two-meter control rail should not exceed, mm, for: earthen, gravel, slag, crushed stone, adobe coatings and pavement coatings - 10 asphalt concrete coatings, on a layer of sand, end, from cast-iron slabs and bricks - 6 cement-concrete, mosaic-concrete, cement-sand, polyvinyl acetate-cement concrete, metal-cement, xylolite coatings and coatings made of acid-resistant and heat-resistant concrete - 4 coatings on a layer of mastics, end, cast iron and steel plates, bricks of all types - 4 coatings from cement-concrete, cement-sand, mosaic-concrete, asphalt-concrete, ceramic, stone, slag-ceramic slabs - 4 polyvinyl acetate, plank, parquet flooring and coverings from linoleum, roll-based synthetic fibers, from PVC and superhard fiberboards - 2 | |
Ledges between adjacent products of coatings made of piece materials should not exceed for coatings, mm: from paving stones - 3 brick, end, concrete, asphalt concrete, cast iron and steel slabs - 2 from ceramic, stone, cement-sand, mosaic-concrete, slag-ceramic slabs - 1 plank, parquet, linoleum, polyvinyl chloride and superhard fiberboards, polyvinyl chloride plastic - not allowed | |
Ledges between coatings and floor edging elements - 2 mm | Measuring, at least nine measurements for every 50-70 m2 of the coating surface or in one room of a smaller area, acceptance certificate |
Deviations from the specified coating slope - 0.2% of the corresponding room size, but not more than 50 mm | |
Deviations in coating thickness - no more than 10% of the design | The same, at least five measurements, acceptance certificate |
When checking the adhesion of monolithic coatings and coatings made of rigid tile materials with underlying floor elements by tapping, there should be no change in the nature of the sound | Technical, by tapping the entire floor surface in the center of the squares along a conditional grid with a cell size of at least 50x50 cm, acceptance certificate |
Gaps should not exceed, mm: between boards boardwalk - 1 between parquet boards and parquet boards - 0.5 between adjacent plans block parquet - 0,3 | Measuring, at least five measurements for every 50-70 m2 of the coating surface or in one room of a smaller area, acceptance certificate |
Gaps and gaps between skirting boards and floor coverings or walls (partitions), between adjacent edges of linoleum panels, carpets, roll materials and tiles are not allowed | Visual, the entire surface of the floor and junctions, the act of acceptance |
The surface of the coating should not have potholes, cracks, waves, swellings, raised edges. The color of the coating must match the design | The same, the entire surface of the floor, the act of acceptance |
When examining the floor, numerous cracks were recorded in the screed with an opening width of up to 2 mm.
Expert commentary
This fact is a violation of the requirements of SNiP 3.04.01-87 "Insulating and finishing coatings", according to which:
Requirements for finished flooring
4.43. The main requirements for finished floor coverings are given in Table 25.
Table 25
Expert opinion
The presence of cracks indicates a loss of strength and integrity of the floor structure.
When checking cracks using an ultrasonic tester, the maximum depth of their occurrence was set to 35 mm.
Expert commentary
The revealed value of the depth of occurrence of cracks indicates the absence of solidity of the floor.
When examining individual exposed sections of the floor screed, the soundproofing layer was filled with expanded clay with a fraction of 15 mm.
Expert commentary
The revealed fineness of loose soundproofing material - 15 mm, is a deviation from the requirements of "SNiP 3.04.01-87 Insulating and finishing coatings, p.4.20", according to which the fineness of loose soundproofing material should not exceed 10 mm.
SNiP 3.04.01-87 Insulating and finishing coatings
4. Floor arrangement General requirements soundproofing device
4.18. Loose soundproofing material (sand, coal slag, etc.) must be free of organic impurities. The use of backfills made of dusty materials is prohibited.
4.19. Gaskets must be laid without gluing to floor slabs, and slabs and mats - dry or with gluing on bituminous mastics. Soundproof pads under the logs must be laid throughout the entire length of the log without breaks. Tape gaskets for prefabricated screeds of the size "per room" should be located in continuous strips along the perimeter of the premises close to the walls and partitions, under the joints of adjacent plates, and also inside the perimeter - parallel larger side plates.
4.20. When installing sound insulation, the requirements of Table 18 must be observed.
Table 18
Technical requirements | Control (method, scope, type of registration) |
|
The fineness of bulk soundproofing material - 0.15-10 mm | Measuring, at least three measurements for every 50-70 m2 of backfill, work log |
|
Humidity bulk material backfill between lags | No more than 10% | |
Width of soundproof pads, mm: under logs 100-120; for prefabricated screeds with the size "per room" along the perimeter - 200-220, inside the perimeter - 100-120 | Measuring, at least three measurements for every 50-70 m2 of floor surface, work log |
|
The distance between the axes of the strips of soundproof gaskets inside the perimeter of the prefabricated screeds with the size "per room" - 0.4 m | The same, at least three measurements on each screed slab, work log |
The expert measured the propagation velocity of ultrasound in the floor screed structure to determine the average compressive strength, class and grade of concrete.
Measurements were made by ultrasonic tester Pulsar, according to GOST 17624-87 “Concrete. Ultrasonic method for determining strength. The number and location of controlled sections on the structures are established taking into account the requirements of GOST 18105-86 “Concrete. Strength control rules.
According to the measurements performed, calculations of the average strength of concrete were made, the grade and class of concrete compressive strength were determined.
The results are listed in Table No. 1.
Table #1
Propagation speed ultrasound in areas | The nearest concrete strength class for compression | Strength grade of concrete for compression |
|
According to the results of ultrasonic examination, the strength grade of concrete was M 200.
Construction expertise conclusion
The conclusion of the construction expert on the inspection of the screed
The purpose of the survey: to assess the quality of the completed construction and installation work on the installation of the screed for compliance with the requirements of the current regulatory and technical documentation.
The quality of construction and installation works performed by the Contractor does not meet the requirements of regulatory and technical documents, namely:
The floor covering device was made in violation of the requirements of the current regulatory and technical documents. According to the examination, these violations of regulatory requirements are the result of:
- non-observance of work production technology;
- lack of proper control over the work by the contractor;
As a result of regulatory violations this coating cannot provide the design bearing capacity. The fact that part of the floor covering is subject to changes in the nature of the sound when tapped (fixed during the survey) indicates the presence of voids in such areas.
According to the examination, the areas where voids were found are also prone to cracking, which can subsequently lead to the complete destruction of the upper floor covering.
Thus, the audit found that the elimination of the identified violations is not possible without partial dismantling top flooring on areas with cracks.
To bring the quality of construction and installation works in line with current regulatory requirements the aforementioned shortcomings need to be addressed.
To eliminate the shortcomings of the work performed with the screed, we recommend: contact the contractor construction organization with the requirement to bring the quality of the work performed in accordance with applicable regulatory requirements.
Excerpts from SNiP related to floor screed.
STRAP DEVICE
4.15. Monolithic screeds made of concrete, asphalt concrete, cement-sand mortar and prefabricated screeds made of fibreboard must be made in compliance with the rules for the installation of coatings of the same name.
4.16. Gypsum self-leveling and porous cement screeds must be laid immediately to the calculated thickness specified in the project.
4.17. When installing screeds, the requirements must be met table. 17.
| Technical requirements | ||
| SNiP 3.04.01-87. Floor screed device. | ||
| Screeds laid on soundproof pads or backfills, at the junction with walls and partitions and other structures, must be laid with a gap of 20 - 25 mm wide for the entire thickness of the screed and filled with a similar soundproof material: monolithic screeds must be insulated from walls and partitions with strips of waterproofing materials | Technical, all junctions, work log | |
| The end surfaces of the laid section of monolithic screeds after removing the beacon or restrictive rails before laying the mixture in the adjacent section of the screed must be primed or moistened, and the working seam smoothed so that it is invisible | Visual, at least four times per shift, work log | |
| Smoothing the surface of monolithic screeds should be performed under coatings on mastics and adhesive layers and under continuous (seamless) polymer coatings before setting mixtures | The same, the entire surface of the screeds, the work log | |
| Gluing the joints of the prefabricated fiberboard screed should be carried out along the entire length of the joints with strips of thick paper or adhesive tape 40 - 60 cm wide | Technical, all joints, work log | |
| Laying additional elements between prefabricated screeds on cement and gypsum binders should be carried out with a gap of 10-15 mm wide, filled with a mixture, material similar screeds. If the width of the gaps between the prefabricated screed slabs and walls or partitions is less than 0.4 m, the mixture must be laid on a continuous soundproof layer | Technical, all clearances, work log | |
SOUND PROOFING DEVICE
Floor soundproofing device
4.18. Loose soundproofing material (sand, coal slag, etc.) must be free of organic impurities. The use of backfills made of dusty materials is prohibited.
4.19. Gaskets must be laid without gluing to floor slabs, and slabs and mats - dry or with gluing on bituminous mastics. Soundproof pads under the logs must be laid throughout the entire length of the log without breaks. Tape gaskets for prefabricated screeds of the size "per room" should be located in continuous strips along the perimeter of the premises close to walls and partitions, under the joints of adjacent slabs, and also inside the perimeter - parallel to the larger side of the slab.
4.20. When soundproofing the floor, the requirements of the table must be observed. eighteen.
| Technical requirements | Limit deviations | Control (method, scope, type of registration) |
| SNiP 3.04.01-87. Floor soundproofing device. | ||
| The fineness of bulk soundproofing material - 0.15-10 mm | - | Measuring, at least three measurements for every 50-70 m 2 backfill, work log |
| Moisture content of bulk material between the lags | No more than 10% | Same |
| Width of soundproof pads, mm: | - | Measuring, at least three measurements for every 50 - 70 m 2 of floor surface, work log |
| under logs 100-120; | ||
| for prefabricated screeds with the size "per room" along the perimeter - 200-220, inside the perimeter - 100-120 | ||
| The distance between the axes of the strips of soundproof gaskets inside the perimeter of prefabricated screeds with the size "per room" - 0.4 m | + 0.1 m | The same, at least three measurements on each screed slab, work log |
Often, laying flooring and flooring is done on the basis of personal considerations, as well as expediency. But in fact, the design of floors and screeds should be based on normative document, which regulates the main technological processes. These documents are constantly used in the construction and design of buildings, but the home master must also know the requirements set out in the SNiP, because floors and screeds have a serious amount of requirements. Let's consider the most basic ones.
Floor screed according to SNiP
When it is necessary to prepare a concrete slab for decorative flooring, a floor screed is made. For this, there is also a separate section in SNiP. If you familiarize yourself with the requirements, recommendations and norms, then the result is the most stable and durable foundations.
Naturally, these standards are mandatory only for capital construction projects, but many are guided by them for home repairs as well.
Determine the function of the screed
If you look at building regulations, then a floor screed is a layer of mortar based on sand and cement, which is poured onto the base base. Main function screeds - to form the most even basis for the future finishing flooring. Also, the norms provide for such a floor screed device to ensure a sufficiently high strength of the base to mechanical damage. The SNiP contains all the necessary norms.
The documents
Draft floors should be designed according to special regulatory documents. Previously, SNiP 2.03.13-88 was considered the main document on rough concrete foundations. However, despite the fact that the methods of flooring in residential buildings have not changed, new materials began to appear and building technology so the rules have changed.
Today, the document SP 29-13330-2011 is in force. It updated the edition of the standards for the arrangement of floors.
Requirements for the tie device
The requirements for floor screed, which are provided for in SNiP, allow you to get quality foundation. It is better to use these norms and requirements in the project for your apartment.
So, minimum thickness layer when laying on a concrete base is 20 mm. If an insulating layer or soundproofing materials are additionally laid, then the thickness will be 40 mm. If a pipeline or other communications will be arranged in the screed, then the layer above the communications should be no less than 20 mm.
If compressible materials are used as heat or sound insulation, then the strength of the sand and cement filling is increased. It should be not less than 2.5 MPa. In this case, the thickness of the screed must exclude any deformation.
The minimum strength index of the solution is 15 MPa, and if a polyurethane self-leveling floor is used as a decorative finishing layer, then the strength is made equal to 20 MPa.
If a self-levelling compound is used, which form flat surfaces, then the thickness of the layer of this coating should not be less than 2 mm.
To control the coverage plane, the regulation provides for the use of a rule. If it is necessary to check the geometric characteristics of the layer, a tool 2 m long is used.
According to SNiP, it is allowed if the floor screed will have deviations, but not more than the specified values:
- For parquet, laminate, linoleum and self-leveling floors on polymer mixtures, 2 mm per 2 m is allowed;
- For other types of coatings, up to 4 mm per 2 m is allowed.
When performing surface inspection, deviations from these norms are leveled out the very first, as they have big influence on how well the finish flooring will be laid.
Technologies and general requirements for the base base
Before laying the sand-cement layer, prepare the base. There are specific guidelines for this in the regulations.
So, the base should be planned according to the profile or marks in the design documents. If it is necessary to add soil, then the layer is maximally compacted and leveled. A mixture of sand and gravel is often used as backfill.
If the floors are laid on the ground, then you can work only when thawing. If the soil surface is weak enough, replacement or additional strengthening is required. It is recommended to strengthen with crushed stone with a fraction of 40-60 mm. In this case, the strength must be at least 200 kgf / m2.
If as a basis concrete slab, then it is cleaned of debris and dust. Then the surface is washed with water. If there are joints between the plates, they are filled cement-sand mortar. In this case, the filling depth should not be less than 50%. For these purposes, a solution of grades 150 or more is used.
materials
- sifted sand;
- Cement from M150 for industrial premises and M300-400 for residential premises;
- Gravel and crushed stone with fraction from 5 to 15 mm. The strength index should be from 20 MPa.
Reinforcement
Floor screed reinforcement is used to give the structure greater strength. SNiP recommends the following materials:
- Wire mesh with a cell of 100 × 100 or 150 mm;
- Mesh made of polymeric materials;
- rod frame;
- Fiber reinforcement - fibers of steel, polypropylene, basalt.
This procedure is necessary where the height of the screed is more than 40 mm. For residential premises where a high load on the floors is not provided, screeds up to 70 mm do not reinforce.
The laying of reinforcing materials is carried out at the preparatory stage. In order for the reinforcement to lie correctly, special plastic supports are used.
Screed pouring technologies
The base base is processed according to all the recommendations described earlier. Then it is necessary to treat the surface with primers. After the priming composition has sufficiently polymerized, a cement mortar is prepared in a ratio of 1: 3, where 1 part is cement, and 3 parts of sand.
If sound or heat insulating materials are used, then around the perimeter of the room they install damper tape thickness from 10 to 25 mm. Also, beacon rails are installed on the floor, and then the screed is poured.
The floor will be ready no sooner than in 24 hours. Do not walk on the ground with your feet. At in large numbers time is better to give the screed 30 days. Then you can start sanding and laying the finish coat.
Updated edition
SNiP 2.03.13-88
Official edition
Moscow 2011
SP 29.13330.2011
Foreword
The goals and principles of standardization in the Russian Federation are established by the Federal Law of December 27, 2002 No. 184-FZ “On Technical Regulation”, and the development rules - by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of November 19, 2008 No. 858 “On the Procedure for the Development and Approval of Codes of Rules ".
About the set of rules
1 PERFORMERS - Central Research and Design and Experimental Institute of Industrial Buildings and Structures (TsNIIPromzdaniy OJSC) and LLC PSK Concrete Engineering
2 INTRODUCED by the Technical Committee for Standardization TC 465 "Construction"
3 PREPARED for approval by the Department of Architecture, Building and Urban Policy
4 APPROVED by the order of the Ministry regional development of the Russian Federation (Ministry of Regional Development of Russia) dated December 27, No. 785 and entered into force on May 20, 2011.
5 REGISTERED Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology (Rosstandart). Revision of SP 29.13330.2010
Information about changes to this set of rules is published in the annually published information index "National Standards", and the text of changes and amendments - in the monthly published information indexes "National Standards". In case of revision (replacement) or cancellation of this set of rules, a corresponding notice will be published in the monthly published information index "National Standards". Relevant information, notification and texts are also placed in information system common use- on the official website of the developer (Ministry of Regional Development of Russia) on the Internet
© Ministry of Regional Development of Russia, 2010
This regulatory document cannot be fully or partially reproduced, replicated and distributed as an official publication on the territory of the Russian Federation without the permission of the Ministry of Regional Development of Russia
SP 29.13330.2011
Introduction ………………………………………………………………………..………IV
1 Scope ……………………………………………………….……...…1
3 Terms and definitions………………………………………………….…….…….2
4 General requirements………………………………………………………………………2
5 Floor coverings……………………………………………………………………………5
6 Interlayer …………………………………………………………………………..... 10
7 Waterproofing ………………………………………………………………………….11
8 Screed (base for floor covering) …………………………….………..…….12
9 Underlayment ……………………………………………………………………………………………………. ..... |
|
10 Foundation soil for floors…………………………………………………………….16 |
|
Annex A (informative) Regulatory documents .................................................. .... |
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Appendix B (informative) Basic terms and definitions …….…….……….18 |
|
Annex B (mandatory) |
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Table B.1. Choosing the type of floor covering for production |
|
premises according to the intensity of mechanical |
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impacts………………………………………………….…19 |
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Table B.2. Choosing the type of floor covering for production |
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premises according to the intensity of the impact of aggressive |
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Wednesdays …………………………………………………………26 |
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Table B.3. Choosing the type of floor covering for production |
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premises according to special requirements ……….……...30 |
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Appendix D (mandatory) Type of interlayer in the floors……………………………….33 |
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residential, public, administrative and household buildings ……....35 |
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Bibliography………………………………………………………………………...…….62 |
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SP 29.13330.2011
Introduction
This document contains requirements that meet the objectives of articles 7, 8, 10, 12, 22 and 30 of the Federal Law of December 30, 2009 No. 384-FZ "Technical Regulations on the Safety of Buildings and Structures".
The work was carried out by JSC "TsNIIPromzdaniy" (prof., Dr. tech.. Sciences V.V. Granev, prof., Ph.D. tech. Sciences S.M. Glikin, Ph.D. tech. Sciences A.P. Chekulaev) and PSK Konkrit Engineering LLC (A.M. Gorb).
SP 29.13330.2011
SET OF RULES
Introduction date 2011-05-20
1 area of use
1.1 This set of rules applies to the design of floors for industrial, warehouse, residential, public, administrative, sports
and residential buildings.
1.2 Floor design should be carried out in accordance with the requirements of the Federal Law of December 30, 2009 No. 384-FZ "Technical regulations on the safety of buildings and structures" and taking into account the requirements established for:
floors in residential and public buildings- SP 54.13330, SP 55.13330 and SNiP 31-06;
floors in industrial premises with fire and explosion hazardous technological processes - in accordance with the requirements of the Federal Law of July 22, 2008 No. 123-FZ "Technical Regulations on Fire Safety Requirements" and regulations;
floors with a normalized indicator of heat absorption of the floor surface - SP 50.13330 and regulations;
floors, performed on floors, upon presentation to the latter of the requirements for
floors exposed to acids, alkalis, oils and other aggressive liquids - SNiP 2.03.11;
floors in sports facilities - SNiP 31-05 and recommendations,,; floors in refrigerated rooms - SNiP 2.11.02; floors in warehouse buildings - SP 56.13330.
1.3 When designing floors, additional requirements must be observed, statutory design for specific buildings and structures, fire and sanitary standards, as well as the rules process design.
1.4 Construction and assembly work on the manufacture of floors and their acceptance into operation must be carried out taking into account the requirements set forth in SNiP
1.5 These standards do not apply to the design of removable floors (raised floors) and floors located on structures on permafrost soils.
_________________________________________________________________________
Official edition
Regulatory documents, to which there are references in the text of these standards, are given in Appendix A.
Note - When using this set of rules, it is advisable to check the operation of reference standards and classifiers in the public information system - on the official website of the national body of the Russian Federation for standardization on the Internet or according to the annually published information index "National Standards ”, which was published as of January 1 of the current year, and according to the corresponding monthly published information indexes published in the current year. If the referenced document is replaced (modified), then when using this set of rules, one should be guided by the replaced (modified) document. If the referenced material is canceled without replacement, the provision in which the link to it is given applies to the extent that this link is not affected.
3 Terms and definitions
This set of rules adopts the terms and definitions given in Appendix B.
4 General requirements
4.1 Choice constructive solution floors should be carried out based on the requirements of operating conditions, taking into account technical and economic feasibility decision in specific construction conditions, which provide:
operational reliability and durability of the floor; saving building materials;
the most complete use of the strength and deformation characteristics of soils and physical and mechanical properties materials used for flooring; minimum labor costs for installation and operation; maximum mechanization of device processes; environmental Safety; safety of movement of people;
optimal hygiene conditions for people; fire and explosion safety.
4.2 The design of floors should be carried out taking into account the operational impacts on them, special requirements (non-sparking, anti-static, dust-free, evenness, wear resistance, heat absorption, soundproofing ability, slipperiness) and climatic conditions construction sites.
4.3 Intensity mechanical influences on floors should be taken according to table 1.
4.4 The intensity of the impact of liquids on the floor should be considered:
minor - slight impact of liquids on the floor, in which the surface of the floor covering is dry or slightly damp; the floor covering is not impregnated with liquids; cleaning of premises with spilling water is not carried out;
medium - periodic wetting of the floor, in which the surface of the floor covering is damp or wet; the floor covering is impregnated with liquids; liquids flow periodically on the floor surface;
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large - constant or frequently repeated runoff of liquids on the floor surface.
Table 1
Mechanical |
Intensity of mechanical influences |
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impact |
significantly |
moderate |
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significant |
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Pedestrian movement per 1 m |
500 or more |
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passage width, number |
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people per day |
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Traffic on |
10 or more |
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caterpillar for one |
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lane, units/day |
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Traffic on |
Traffic |
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rubber running on one |
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lane, units/day |
|||||
The movement of carts on |
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metal tires, |
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rolling round |
|||||
metal objects |
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one lane, |
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traffic |
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metal wheels |
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polymer rims |
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materials, units/day |
|||||
Falling impact from |
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height 1 m solid |
|||||
objects weighing, kg, not |
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Corresponds |
|||||
Drawing solid |
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objects with sharp |
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corners and edges |
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Corresponds |
|||||
Work sharp |
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tool on the floor |
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(shovels, etc.) |
|||||
The zone of influence of liquids due to their transfer on the soles of shoes and tires of vehicles extends in all directions (including adjacent rooms) from the place of wetting the floor: with water and aqueous solutions - for 20 m, with mineral oils and emulsions - for 100 m. Washing the floor (without pouring water and when using detergents
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care products and care products that comply with the recommendations of firms - manufacturers of materials for the manufacture of floor coverings) and occasional rare splashes, drops, etc. does not count as exposure to liquids on the floor.
4.5 In rooms with medium and high intensity of impact on the floor of liquids, floor slopes should be provided. The value of the slopes of the floors should be taken:
0.5 - 1% - at seamless coatings and coatings from slabs (except for concrete coatings of all types);
1 - 2% - for all types of brick and concrete coatings.
The slopes of trays and channels, depending on the materials used, must be respectively not less than those indicated. The direction of the slopes must ensure the removal Wastewater into trays, channels and ladders without crossing passages and passages.
4.6 In livestock buildings, the slope of the floors towards the manure canal should be taken equal to:
0% - in rooms with slatted floors and in channels with mechanical manure removal;
not less than 0.5% - in rooms for keeping poultry in cages and in trays along the aisles in all rooms;
at least 1.5% - in the technological parts of the premises (stalls, stalls, machines, etc.);
no more than 6% - in rooms for walking animals and birds and in transitional galleries between buildings.
4.7 The slope of the floors on the floors should be created with a screed or concrete pavement variable thickness, and floors on the ground - the corresponding layout of the soil base.
4.8 The floor level in toilets and bathrooms should be 15 - 20 mm below the floor level in adjacent premises or the floors in these rooms should be separated by a threshold.
4.9 In places where floors adjoin walls, partitions, columns, foundations for equipment, pipelines and other structures protruding above the floor, skirting boards should be installed. If liquids get on the walls, their lining should be provided for the entire soaking height. In the absence of expansion joints along the walls, requirements for aesthetics and special requirements at technological processes, flowing in rooms with a low intensity of exposure to liquids, at the junction of floors to walls, the installation of skirting boards can be excluded.
4.10 There should be no voids in the construction of the floors of premises for the storage and processing of products, as well as premises for keeping animals.
4.11 Floors in buildings must have the necessary bearing capacity and not to be "unsteady". Deflections at a concentrated load of 2 kN in residential buildings, 5 kN in public and administrative buildings and corresponding to the loads in the technical specifications for the design of industrial and warehouse buildings, should not exceed 2 mm.
4.12 Floors in planar sports facilities exposed to liquids of medium and high intensity (rain and melt water in open stadiums and grounds) must be equipped with a system for removing surface water and drainage. To drain water from the territory
SP 29.13330.2011
planar structures should be given to it necessary slopes, as well as devices for collecting and diverting surface water as open system trays, closed system pipes and manholes or a combination of open trays and closed drainage systems.
4.13 The slope of the floor covering in a planar open structure should be
4.14 The direction of slopes should be:
- from the transverse axis (A) of the tennis court, volleyball and badminton courts;
- from the longitudinal axis (B) or hip (C) - in basketball, football, handball, etc.
4.15 In order to prevent injuries, trays and channels in the floors of outdoor sports facilities must be equipped with lattice covers.
4.16 Floors in halls for team sports (football, volleyball, basketball, tennis, etc.) must meet the following requirements:
shock absorption - not less than 53%; standard deformation (parameter characterizing the amount of deflection of the coating
floors under impact loads to a point with a force equal to 1500 N) - not less than 2.3 mm;
W 500 factor (parameter characterizing the deformation at a distance of 500 mm from the load impact point) - no more than 15% of the standard deformation;
ball rebound - not less than 90%; pressure during rolling - not less than 1500 N.
4.17 Requirements for dust-free, even, anti-static and (or) non-sparking floors are set by the customer at the design specification stage
With taking into account the features of the technological process.
4.18 Heated floors covered with ceramic tiles should
to provide in the areas where people walk with bare feet - bypass paths around the perimeter of the baths of the pools (except for outdoor pools), in locker rooms, showers. The average temperature of the floor surface should be maintained within 21-23 o C.
4.19 Floors in refrigerated spaces with negative temperatures should be designed taking into account the need to prevent freezing of soils, which are the base under the floors. For this purpose, artificial heating systems, a ventilated underground device and other protection systems should be used in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 2.11.02.
5 Floor coverings
5.1 Type of flooring industrial premises should be prescribed depending on the type and intensity of mechanical, liquid and thermal effects, taking into account special requirements for floors in accordance with mandatory Appendix B.
The type of interlayer in the floors is indicated in Appendix D.
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The type of floor covering in residential, public, administrative and domestic buildings should be assigned depending on the type of premises in accordance with the recommended Appendix D.
5.2 The thickness and strength of materials for continuous coatings and floor slabs should be assigned according to Table 2.
When placing pipelines in concrete coverings with their laying directly on a concrete base (without an intermediate screed to cover pipelines), the thickness of the floor covering must be at least the diameter of the pipeline plus 45 mm.
5.3 The adhesion strength (adhesion) of coatings based on cement binder to detachment with a concrete base at the age of 28 days must be at least 0.75 MPa. The adhesion strength of the hardened mortar (concrete) with the concrete base after 7 days should be at least 50% of the design.
5.4 The total thickness of concrete and refractory concrete floors should be taken into account by calculation, taking into account the loads acting on the floor, the materials used and the properties of the base soil, but taking into account the thickness concrete base not less than 120 mm.
5.5 In livestock buildings, the calculated concentrated loads from the weight of animals acting on the floor should be taken according to the technological design standards, taking into account the overload factor equal to 1.2 and the dynamic factor equal to 1.2.
5.6 Floors in feed and manure passages of livestock buildings should be calculated for the impact of a moving load from transport on a pneumatic duct at a pressure on the wheel of 14.5 kN.
5.7 Monolithic floors made of lightweight concrete with latex-cement coating and limestone-expanded clay floors used to ensure the normalized heat absorption of the floor in livestock buildings when animals are kept without bedding, should be carried out on a heat-insulating layer of expanded clay gravel
and have a compressive strength of at least 20 MPa.
5.8 The thickness and reinforcement of heat-resistant concrete slabs should be taken according to the calculation of structures lying on a deformable foundation, under the action of the most unfavorable combination of floor loads.
5.9 The thickness of boards, parquet, parquet and massive boards, as well as parquet boards, should be taken according to the current product standards.
5.10 Airspace under flooring made of boards, slats, parquet boards
and shields should not communicate with ventilation and smoke ducts, and in rooms with an area of more than 25 m 2 should be additionally divided by partitions from boards into closed compartments measuring (4–5) (5–6) m.
5.11 To provide comfortable conditions for humans in terms of antistatic
and protection of electronic equipment from electrical discharges with a voltage of more than 5 kV floors in the premises of residential and public buildings should be made with
coated with polymeric antistatic materials with a specific surface electrical resistance in the range of 1 106 - 1 109 Ohm.
5.12 In the premises of industrial buildings with the requirement of "electronic hygiene", in which it is necessary to provide comfortable conditions for a person in terms of antistatic, as well as to protect electronic equipment from electrical discharges with a voltage of more than 2 kV, the floors must be made with an electrically dissipative
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