Which windows are best to install in a wooden house. What windows are best installed in a private house? Frames made of wood and plastic

In this material we will dwell in detail on how to choose and find out quality products, how to properly install plastic windows in a wooden house.

Is it possible to install plastic windows in wooden houses?

Plastic window frames are suitable for glazing wooden houses made of rounded logs and log houses of all types of wood, subject to two basic rules:

1. The window system is chosen correctly in accordance with the type of opening.
2. The rules for constructing window openings in a house made of logs and timber were followed.

Features of PVC window systems for a wooden house

	Advantages	Flaws
Plastic windows class A	Durable reinforced frames Thick-walled class A profiles have better welding strength at the corners, and inside there is a thick square-section metal reinforcement that gives the frame stability. Durability The plastic profile is guaranteed to last up to 50 years in a temperate climate without changing its appearance.	Price A metal-plastic window with maximum tensile strength and resistance to loads (class A) has thicker PVC walls, which makes the structure more expensive.
Plastic windows class B	Price A slight reduction in the thickness of the outer wall of the PVC frame makes such systems more affordable.	Tendency to deformation Class B plastic is softer. Scratches and abrasions of the surface are likely to occur if handled carelessly. Yellowing Over time, the color of the windows may become faded or yellowish.

Class B plastic windows are suitable for small openings where the load on the frame is not so significant. In all other cases, choosing a class A profile will be more justified.

Class "A" Features

Windows made from PVC profile VEKA class "A" can be used as anti-burglary windows.

The thick outer wall of the profile (3 mm), reinforcement with a thickness of 1.5-2.0 mm - provide excellent performance in terms of the resistance of the structure to mechanical stress and household loads. The ease of use and service life of such windows correspond to the highest values.

Colored plastic windows in a wooden house

The standard color of PVC window frames - white - does not always harmonize with the facade of the house. Often, instead of white, brown plastic windows or original colored ones are installed in the windows of a private house.

Frame design options with wood texture

The cost of laminated or RAL-colored PVC profile windows is more expensive than white ones. On average, the cost differs by 25-45%.

To some popular color solutions V Business-M company Special prices apply. You can check the list of colors participating in the promotion with the company manager.

The warmest windows for a country house

The rule when choosing warm windows: “The thicker the window frame, the warmer the window will be” does not work 100%.

For thermal insulation, it is more important which glass unit is installed in the frame. Double-glazed windows with better thermal insulation selected according to the “heat transfer resistance” (R) indicator. The higher the parameter value, the better the window protects from temperature changes. The best in properties: heat-saving and multifunctional double-glazed windows.

Best describes the ability of a window to resist heat transfer - comprehensive assessment"thermal insulation of a window block." The window block implies completely ready product(frame + double-glazed windows + fittings).

Production of original windows to order

For a private home, window units are made to individual sizes. The shape of the windows is also individual. Launching into production of window structures with complex shapes, such as arched ones, is possible only using a measurer’s template.

Design of window openings and installation of windows

• Ceilings, beams and other structures should not put pressure on openings for windows and doors.
• All possible impacts must be eliminated.
• Dimensions of window and doorways are calculated so that the pressure on the structure is minimal.
• Installation only in a special embedded box, which will additionally distribute possible loads.

Installing a window in the casing (jam)

Plastic windows in the opening of a wooden wall made of timber and rounded logs should be mounted only in a embedded block, which in construction language is called a “frame”, “casing” or “carriage”. In essence, it is a frame made of thick wooden blocks, which must take on possible loads.

To make your windows last longer:

• Choose a wooden carriage made from laminated veneer lumber.
• Insulate the joint between the carriage (casing) and the wall with fibrous insulation (jute, for example), which better protects against external influences.
• Elastic polyurethane foam- the optimal choice for foaming the installation gap between the frame and the frame.
• Large plastic windows must have a square metal reinforcement in the frame.
• Panoramic glazing of a country house should be done using reinforcing trusses.

How to install a window in a frame: detailed video

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When deciding which windows are best to install in a private home, the homeowner is faced with a large selection of materials and designs. It’s easy to get confused in this magnificence, so we will help you figure out which products are best suited for your home, how they differ from each other, and what positive and negative sides this or that design may have.

Selection of manufacturer and quality

In Russia, a wide selection of products from different companies is offered. These can be local or imported brands, the products of which are either manufactured locally or imported from abroad, which happens much less frequently, since such designs immediately increase in price.

The appearance of plastic windows is similar, but the quality is significantly different: it depends on what raw materials are used and the method by which the final product is obtained. It is better to give preference to trusted companies whose names are well-known: for example, these include,.

They look especially beautiful. Modern designs have excellent quality and pleasant design.

Selecting a plastic window profile

For private houses, it is recommended to install large-sized window structures, since visually they provide more space and make the room brighter. To keep the room cool in winter, multi-chamber double-glazed windows are used; in addition, special energy-saving glass can be used. They are able to reflect the heat generated in the room, preventing it from dissipating outside, thanks to this, energy savings in winter reach a fairly large percentage.

The thickness of the profile and glass unit is chosen based on the climatic characteristics of the area where your home is located; in addition, it is worth considering how noisy it is outside. The profile can be designed for a double-glazed window with 1-6 chambers. Each chamber is a conditionally empty space located between the glass. The chambers are sealed and can be filled with oxygen or gas. The second option is better, since such a window does not fog up and does not freeze in winter.

If you want the room to be light, buy not only big windows, but if possible, install not the thickest glass unit. The thicker the glass unit, the less light will enter the room.

If the place where the building is located is relatively quiet, but the climate is not the warmest, for example, a country building in central Russia, then using a three-chamber double-glazed window will be sufficient. If the climate is warmer, a two-chamber design would be the best option; for harsh climates, a 4- or 5-chamber double-glazed window is well suited. As a rule, there is no point in installing a thicker one: it is much more expensive than a 4-chamber analogue, has more mass, but differs little in efficiency.

If the dimensions of the structure are large, it is worth paying attention to the presence of a reinforcing profile. It will strengthen the frame, make the window profile more durable and less flexible. Such a window will not be subject to load due to its own mass or strong gusts of wind.

How to choose a double-glazed window?

This stage is the most difficult. Glass can be very different: they insulate noise and cold equally well, but they can also have additional functions: for example, film or special coating will make the double-glazed window energy-saving. This will help to better reflect heat from the glass, making the room warmer in winter and cooler in summer. Some types of glass can be tinted, interesting solution is a mirror tint. It does not make the window darker, and from the street it will be impossible to see what is happening inside the room.

In order to avoid drafts, do not skimp on the seal. It must be of high quality, preferably double, then the sash will be pressed as tightly as possible against the frame.

The warmer the double-glazed window, the better, but you should focus on the climate. It makes no sense to overpay for a thicker double-glazed window. It is worth paying attention to the choice of accessories. A cheap Chinese one will quickly fail and should not be installed. It is better to pay a little more, but purchase fittings from leading German, Austrian and Italian companies. High-quality fittings will not only last a long time, but will also ensure the tightness of your window structure.

Choosing plastic windows for your home or cottage is not as difficult a task as it might seem at first glance. The main thing is not to skimp on trifles and focus on product quality.

An ideal place for relaxation or comfortable living. Thanks to the unique qualities of an environmentally friendly material - wood - the best temperature conditions all year round: It’s not cold here in winter, not hot in summer.

One of the important issues arising during construction wooden house is a question about windows. What windows are best suited to a wooden house? There is no clear answer to this question and much depends on the preferences of the home owner. Some experts say that only wooden windows are suitable for a wooden house, others recommend metal-plastic ones. The fact is that in a structure such as a wooden house, there are practically no rigid fastenings, since all structural elements are somewhat deformed when the wood shrinks or swells, so it is necessary to take into account the periodic “movements” of the house. IN timber house, frame-panel or log sediment during the first two years can reach twenty centimeters.

Shrinkage and swelling occur both horizontally and vertically, that is, along and across. The gradual shrinkage of the house leads to a softening of the transverse deformation. To avoid skewing of the window frame, it is important to create a mechanism to compensate for the loads that appear when the wooden wall moves. In popular parlance, it is necessary to provide a “window”, which is a box between the wall and the window. The box is placed on runners in the window opening, which allows it to maintain a stable position regardless of the movement of the wall. The gaps formed by the flashing and the wall are carefully insulated and covered with platband. Thus, the window is installed in an opening that is not subject to external influences.

IN in this case It is not recommended to rely on your own experience, but to entrust the matter to an experienced craftsman, since the creation of such a structural part requires skill and skill, moreover, not all window sellers guarantee them high-quality installation. After the location of the window opening has been precisely determined and prepared, the next question arises: which of the entire variety of windows on the market to purchase? Shape, color, size? In addition to the very popular wooden and plastic windows, there are also windows made of aluminum profile, metal-plastic, PVC, solid wood and combined models.

What should you prefer?

Plastic and metal-plastic windows are the undoubted leader; they are widely used in the construction of new high-rise buildings, as well as in the replacement of old wooden windows. However, it should be noted that for wooden houses they often purchase wooden rather than metal-plastic windows.

The quality and service life of plastic windows primarily depends on the manufacturer, the characteristics of the materials and the glass unit. For long-term successful operation of such a window, it is extremely important correct installation.

Advantages of plastic and metal-plastic windows: durable and reliable, create good sound insulation, aesthetically pleasing, amenable to hygienic treatment, do not require painting or periodic processing, do not require additional insulation, and thanks to a wide variety of plastic shades, they easily fit into any interior.

Disadvantages of windows made of plastic and metal-plastic: the material does not allow air to pass through and if the window for a long time do not open, the air in the room becomes musty and dry. The situation is aggravated in winter, when heating devices dry out the air, and there is no possibility of regular and long-term ventilation; “unnaturalness” of the material: even the highest quality plastics cannot be called one hundred percent environmentally friendly. When heated, a certain amount of chemical compounds evaporates into the air, and the effect of these evaporations on human health has not been studied. Another disadvantage of plastic is that it is difficult to repair: scratches, chips, etc. minor damage on the surface you will have to endure until the frame is completely replaced.

In fairness, it should still be noted that wooden windows will be correct and appropriate for wooden houses. The only thing that can keep you from making this choice is the desire to save money.

Wooden windows will fit well into the interior of a country house, “support” its coziness, originality and environmental cleanliness.

Wooden windows “breathe”, allowing air to pass through even when the doors are closed.

Joinery and Euro-windows are the most popular on the domestic market.

Many people are familiar with carpentry from Soviet times, when similar products were installed on all windows, without exception. However, it should be taken into account that modern windows of this type are forever free from inconvenient tight latches, unsightly latches and winter drafts. They are equipped with special locks, neat windows and a reliable thermal insulation layer.

ABOUT decorative qualities wood can go on for a long time, this material can be combined with almost any walls and types of decoration, and the main disadvantage of high-quality wooden windows can only be their cost.

Wooden windows are easy to install, however, you can’t do it without a good craftsman. The disadvantages of wooden windows include inconvenience during washing, rapid contamination, the need for regular cleaning and the inability to fix open sashes.

The modern market offers a wide selection of windows depending on their functional features and location.

Wooden windows are varied in shape, fittings and components: double-leaf, multi-leaf, with fixed or movable sashes.

Windows equipped with one sash - best option For small rooms, such as kitchens or baths.

Double-hung windows are installed in residential premises, and if the opening is large, it is advisable to install windows with three sashes.

For complete comfort, combinations of solid doors with opening doors are used. Windows that open in one direction (pivot) are common; there are also tilt and turn windows.

Thanks to modern technologies, high-quality wooden windows are almost as good as plastic ones in terms of convenience and handling capabilities. And if your choice is wooden windows, remember that wood is a flammable material. Therefore, for long-term and safe operation, it is recommended to treat the wood with an antiseptic solution and fire retardant.

Source: dom-da.ru

PLASTIC OR WOODEN?

The undisputed leaders today are metal-plastic windows. But, you must agree that in an environmentally friendly, built from natural material wooden house It's a little absurd to install PVC windows. It is better to give your preference to wooden windows.

Today, the production of wooden windows has reached unprecedented heights. Thanks to modern technologies, the tree is reliably protected not only from pests, but also from the effects of adverse events. environment. Improved new technology drying today allows you to produce products that do not change over time window designs. The latest innovation in the production of wooden windows is windows made of laminated veneer lumber.

WOODEN WINDOWS - THE KEY TO HUMAN HEALTH

Wooden windows have excellent external characteristics: they perfectly retain heat indoors, keep out various noises and dust from the street, are resistant to significant temperature changes, and can also regulate the level of humidity in a wooden house. The trees from which timber for windows are made are grown in ecological areas, which is an excellent option for maintaining human health.

Wooden windows vary in type and shape: double, multi-leaf, with sliding or fixed shutters. For small log houses, windows that are equipped with one wing are suitable. Complete comfort and coziness is provided by the combination of blind doors with opening doors.

Wooden windows in your home will give you a feeling of luxury and closeness to nature, which, alas, cannot be given by any other type of window.

Source: prodomstroy.ru

Selecting windows

Which windows are best suited to a wooden house? There is no definite answer to this question, since much in this case depends on the preferences of the owner of the house. According to many experts, only wooden windows are suitable for a wooden house, while others strongly recommend metal-plastic ones.

However, we should not forget that in a wooden country house there are practically no rigid fastenings: all elements of the wooden structure are partially deformed when the wood shrinks and swells, so periodic “movements” of the house cannot be ignored. So, for example, in a house made of timber, logs or frame-panel houses, sediment in the first 2 years can reach 20 centimeters.

It should also be taken into account that drying and swelling of wood occurs both horizontally and vertically, that is, both along and across. At the same time, the gradual shrinkage of the house leads to a softening of the transverse deformation.

Avoiding distortion

Building a wooden house is not an easy task and requires taking into account many details. So, in order to avoid possible distortion of the window frame, it is important to properly provide a mechanism for compensating the loads that arise when wooden walls move. In popular parlance, it is necessary to provide a “window” - a box between the wall and the window.

Such a box is placed in the window opening on runners and allows you to maintain a stable position of the window frame, regardless of the movement of the wall. In addition, the gaps formed by the flashing and the wall are carefully insulated and hidden by the platband. Thus, we install the window in an opening that is not subject to external influences.

After preparing the place for the window opening, you need to decide on the material, shape, color and size of future windows, and taking into account the current variety of market offers, you will have a lot of headaches here.

Plastic windows

So, plastic or metal-plastic windows are the undisputed market leader. Such windows are widely used in the construction of new high-rise buildings and when replacing old wooden analogues. Of course, the service life and quality characteristics of plastic windows depend on the manufacturer, the characteristics of the materials used and the glass unit itself. At the same time, correct installation is very important for trouble-free and long-term operation of any window. Therefore, it is better to entrust this work to professionals.

The advantages of plastic windows are obvious: they are durable, reliable and aesthetically pleasing, provide good sound insulation, are easy to clean and hygienic, do not require painting or additional insulation, and can fit into any interior, thanks to a wide variety of plastic shades.

However, plastic windows also have their disadvantages. First of all, this material does not allow air to pass through, so without regular ventilation, the air in the room becomes dry and musty. The “unnaturalness” of the material is another disadvantage of plastic windows, because even the highest quality plastics cannot be called 100% environmentally friendly. The third drawback is the difficulty of repair: thus, you will have to endure various scratches, chips and other minor damage on the surface of the plastic until the frame is completely replaced.

Wooden windows

It should be noted that wooden windows will be no less appropriate for a wooden house. Wooden windows will ideally fit into the interior of a country house, preserve the overall style, and also significantly enhance its originality, comfort and environmental friendliness. And, perhaps, the only thing that can keep you from making such a choice is the desire to save money.

Wooden windows “breathe” well, allowing air to pass through well even with the doors completely closed. At the same time, high-quality wooden windows will save you from drafts and winter air. Modern wooden windows are also free from inconvenient and tight latches and unaesthetic latches of the Soviet era. Modern wooden windows are equipped with convenient and practical locks, neat vents and a high-quality thermal insulation layer.

However, wooden windows also have their drawbacks. In addition to the significant cost, these include some inconvenience during washing and dry cleaning, their rapid contamination, as well as the need for regular treatment with protective and fire-resistant agents and the inability to fix open sashes.

When choosing glazing, owners of wooden houses often ask themselves the question: which windows to install in a wooden house? PortalOKNA MEDIA answers questions from readers.

Which windows to install in a wooden house - plastic or wooden?

There is an opinion that the owners of wooden houses made of timber are adherents of environmental friendliness and everything natural. If this were always the case, the question of which windows to install would not arise.

In terms of window material use, homeowners can be divided into two categories. The first category, for which the answer is obvious and not questioned, is that a wooden house should only have wooden windows. In this case, the question arises about the choice of wood, color, finish and the company that will manufacture and install all this.

The second category of homeowners is not so categorical. Comparison various materials raises many questions - how is a plastic window different from a wooden one? What dictates the relatively high price of wooden windows? And of course the most important concern is how harmless are the windows?

Before the appearance modern windows ny structures, the main material for the manufacture of windows in our country was wood, or rather wooden beam, carved from a single piece of wood. With the advent of modern technologies, plastic windows have taken a leading position - 85% of the market in Russia according to the O.K.N.A. industry center. Marketing. In Western and Eastern Europe, the share of plastic windows is also predominant - about 60%. However, the debate “which is better, plastic or wood” has not subsided for more than 50 years. Let's try to figure out whether it is worth focusing on wood when it comes to windows in a wooden house? Or does a plastic window fully meet the high requirements of luxury property owners?

What is a window?

According to the definition of GOST 23166-99 "Window blocks. General technical specifications": “A window block is a translucent structure designed for natural lighting of a room, its ventilation and protection from atmospheric and noise influences.” And this definition is equally valid for windows made of wood, PVC or aluminum.

Just as the requirements for heat and sound insulation, size retention, water and air permeability and all others are the same important characteristics. Therefore, any quality window, no matter what material it is made of, it must meet these requirements. It turns out that you cannot compare windows from different materials only according to the main parameters.

What to look for when choosing windows?

Environmental friendliness. The window area is 80% glass, so they can be called glass. However, buyers judge the environmental friendliness of a design by the material of the window frame, as it echoes its name.

The environmental friendliness of wood, as a rule, is not in doubt - it is a natural material. But in order for the window to serve for a long time, it is necessary to use special adhesives for gluing timber, protective impregnations, paints and varnishes for external coating of windows. And we can’t do it without chemical industry technologies. The formulations, in most cases, contain chemicals. Their quality and environmental friendliness depend on the choice of manufacturer and price.

Opponents of PVC windows classify plastic as a material harmful to health due to its supposed properties. Only lead vapor in its pure form is toxic to human health. In the production of profiles, lead is used as a stabilizer in the form of a salt (sulfide), the molecules of which are securely enclosed in the PVC polymer structure. Numerous tests and sanitary documents confirm harmlessness and safety plastic profile.

In addition, the window profile can be called an ecofriendly product - friendly to the environment. Plastic frames and the sashes are easily recyclable.

Production time. In the vast majority of cases, a plastic window, even a laminated or decorated one, is produced much faster than a wooden one. This is due to complex manufacturing technology wooden profile from laminated veneer lumber and window assembly.

Window installation. All windows can be installed at any time, the main thing is that the heating works during the cold period. Installing windows in an unheated house is equally bad for both plastic and wooden windows.

During repairs and finishing works wooden windows require careful and careful handling; they must be covered with special materials to protect the surface without creating a “greenhouse effect.” Humid air under a thick film can destroy a wooden window in a very short period. While a plastic window can be handled with care without covering it at all, or using regular stretch or polyethylene film

Practicality in operation. Plastic windows are highly practical to use. They do not change color and surface quality throughout their entire service life. Caring for a plastic window during its entire service life comes down to washing (twice a year is enough) and lubricating the fittings and seals with special compounds (these can be purchased at any window sales office). This ease of use is why property owners love them so much.

Photo: wooden windows require periodic painting Wooden windows require updating once every 5-10 years paint coating. About 100 microns of paint disappears from the surface of a window every year. Over time, the paint layer becomes thinner and the wood becomes unprotected.

If the surface of wooden windows is treated with a transparent composition, then you can apply a new coating yourself.

If the painting was carried out with covering paint, then it will be difficult to paint at home. Initially, the application of such coating was carried out in special chambers. To restore it, you need to call a specialist from the manufacturer’s company. External painting work complicates the process, especially if there is a blind element in the structure.

Protect wooden windows from negative impact environment can aluminum linings outside profile. But not all connoisseurs of natural materials like this, and the increase in price of the structure will be quite significant.

Maintainability. Plastic windows are easier to repair. If the surface of the white PVC profile is damaged, it can be easily restored using grinding pastes and special care products. Minor damage to the laminated profile is also quite easily masked with special waxes and pencils. If the damage to the laminating film is significant, it can be corrected using special films of absolutely identical color directly on site, without the need to dismantle the window.

In a plastic window, it is enough to simply replace the double-glazed window or even the sash if necessary. And the new laminated door will be exactly the same color as the old one.

Damaged wood surfaces will in most cases require replacement or a complex and expensive restoration process.

The cost of operating wooden windows made of hardwood for 25 years is two times, and of softwood is three times higher than the cost of operating a plastic window. The ever-increasing costs of maintaining wooden windows in working order are associated with the need for their periodic painting and restoration, since wooden frames rot in critical places.

Appearance and window decoration. Wooden windows captivate with their natural beauty. It is enough to treat the surface with protective agents or tint it a little and the window will acquire an elegant appearance.

The possibilities for finishing plastic windows are much wider. Lamination technologies can not only make PVC windows colored, but also create an imitation of “wood”, “stone”, “leather”, “aluminum”. The surface of the films can be smooth, textured, with a 3D effect, tactilely and visually conveying the properties of the simulated material. The variety of lamination films allows you to create styles and decors for every taste in plastic windows.

Price. Of course, an important factor when choosing a window is price. The cost of plastic windows is at least 50% lower than wooden windows made of three-layer laminated pine timber of class "C".

Turnkey price for Euro-windows made of various materials, rub*.

Source:O.K.N.A. Marketing * – the price is indicated without taking into account the production and installation of casing (plugs)

If you order windows from valuable wood species (oak, ash), the price automatically increases 2-3 times compared to PVC windows.

"Breathing" plastic windows in a wooden house

The difference in the air permeability of wooden and plastic windows is a consequence of the non-natural structure of wood. The reason here often lies in the unstable dimensions of the profile section along its entire length. This creates micro-gaps in the frame and sash vestibule, which slightly increases the amount of incoming air.

Plastic windows can also be “breathable” if the manufacturer provides the possibility of air exchange at the stage of designing and manufacturing the profile. As the largest Russian manufacturer of window profiles, the company ExProf*, did.

The company has released and patented the Exprof Aero model of “breathing” plastic windows - with a wide frame of 101-118 mm, inside of which there is a labyrinth of channels.

Photo: principle of operation of the “breathing” window ExProf Aero* The air coming from the street, passing through the labyrinth, slows down and warms up during the cold period, which eliminates drafts. ExProf Aero creates and maintains a healthy microclimate in any room, including a wooden house.

It is impossible to even imagine any private house without windows. They are both “screens to the world”, and sources of natural light, and an important element of the room ventilation system, and very a significant component of the overall architectural appearance of the building. Naturally, very high demands must be placed on windows so that they fully cope with their tasks and at the same time do not become a “highway” for heat leakage.

Not so long ago, practically the only option was wood windows, so the main task was to find high-quality, well-fitted frames, or experienced craftsman, who will undertake their production. But these days construction market offers a very wide range of window designs made from various materials. This is why homeowners are faced with the question of which windows are best to install in a private home.

Types of window frames based on material and design

In private houses of old construction, as a rule, they tried to install windows that were not too large. Heating was predominantly stove, and it was necessary to maintain as much as possible a comfortable atmosphere for living in the house, since up to 35% of the accumulated heat can evaporate through window openings.

Modern designs of houses under construction are somewhat different from those options that were widely used earlier - both in their facade design and the size of window openings. To the point that in some rooms they completely abandon windows in the usual sense, creating panoramic glazing. If previously all windows were rectangular, today many owners prefer non-standard shapes.

Modern materials and the structures created from them allow you to include windows with any parameters in size and configuration into the project being developed. They are quite capable of protecting the house not only from the cold, but also from external noise. In addition, owners have the opportunity to choose models that will best match the overall façade design of the house.

To make the right choice, you should consider what windows the market offers, and which of them are better suited for a particular owner of a private home.

So, modern window frames are made of wood, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and aluminum. Quite often, some of the materials are used in combination.

Wooden frames

Until relatively recently, when there were no other options on the market, there were no problems with choice, since all window frames were made of wood. Despite the emergence of new materials, wooden windows are still very popular today, as they have a lot of positive qualities. Moreover, modern products are made using new technologies, from high-quality hardwood or from three-layer laminated veneer lumber.

The advantage of the structural structure of laminated veneer lumber eliminates the possibility of frame deformation under the influence of moisture and temperature changes. Manufactured from laminated timber with a thickness of 78, 68 and 56 mm so called "Eurowindows", which are excellent for the natural conditions of central Russia. The wood gluing technology ensures the strength of the parts, as well as the durability of the windows.

By design, wooden window frames come in three main types - single, double, separate and paired.

In addition, wooden windows with ordinary glass can be divided according to the opening method. They are:

- deaf, that is, not opening;

- single-leaf, opening;

- double-leaf with one or both opening doors;

- tricuspid with central or lateral, or with two side opening doors;

— vertically sliding with a lifting lower sash.

Prices for wooden windows

wooden windows

Single frames, which require the installation of single glass, can be used for summer buildings or utility buildings. True, they can often provide for the installation of a single-chamber double-glazed window (with two glasses).

Separate frames They are installed infrequently nowadays, as they are not very convenient to use. They are chosen only if it is necessary to protect the home from very low winter temperatures. Each of the sashes of such a window opens separately, and an air gap is formed between the outer and inner parts of the structure, which is an additional thermal insulation barrier. Second, the internal frame can sometimes be completely dismantled for the summer.

Twin frames Previously, they were universally installed in high-rise apartments, so they are familiar to many of their owners. A considerable number of them exploited until today. This design represents a common frame into which glazed sashes are installed, screwed together.

This option is more convenient to use, which, however, cannot be said about maintenance. So, in order to wash the inside of the glass, the sashes must be unscrewed and then fastened together again. The glass will have to be cleaned at least once a year, since the frames are not sealed together, and dust quite easily penetrates into the space between the sashes.

Wooden windows have their own positive and negative features, which manifest themselves during their operation.

Advantages wooden windows can be considered the following:

• Ecological cleanliness manufacturing material. This selection criterion becomes one of the most important, since many home owners try to adhere to the principle of “eco-living”, using exclusively natural, absolutely harmless materials for construction and decoration. Wood does not emit toxic substances into the environment during the entire period of operation. On the contrary, it is able to create the most favorable, healthy microclimate in the rooms of the house.

In addition, wood is a “breathable” material, which reduces the risk of mold growing on the walls of the room. Unlike artificial composites, air constantly circulates through the micropores of wooden frames. This promotes natural ventilation of the premises - so, the frame standard sizes per day passes up to 2.5 cubic meters of air.

• Durability. This quality is possessed by windows made by a qualified craftsman and from good hardwood, such as oak, larch, walnut, cherry and some other options. However, the most popular wood is still pine, due to its affordable price. But it can also last a long time if the frame design is accurately executed by a craftsman, with appropriate protective treatment material and with proper care from the owners of the house.

• Thermal insulation qualities. Wood itself is a “warm” material. However, heat can escape from the house through the gaps between structural parts. Therefore, everyone who has lived in houses with wooden frames of conventional construction knows that windows need to be sealed for the winter. To this day, hardware stores sell special kits for winter insulation of windows. In this regard, it cannot be said unequivocally about wooden frames that they will reliably protect the house from the cold. All depends on the specific models and workmanship.
• Possibility of repair. Wooden frames in many cases it is possible to repair both their external surface and the mechanical part. Chips and scratches, even on unpainted frames, are easily masked using special compounds. Therefore, if the frames are accidentally damaged, or for some reason the hinges of the structure fail, it will not have to be completely replaced, since any part of the wooden window can be repaired or the necessary part can be replaced.
• Aesthetic appearance. Wood has a beautiful structural structure, a pleasant warm shade of various tones, so wooden frames will decorate both the interior of the rooms of the house and its façade. If desired or necessary, the frames can be painted in the desired color to match the overall design of the facade or rooms. Wood combines with any decorative materials and creates excellent compositions with them.

TO shortcomings wooden windows include the following points related to the qualities of the products and the features of their operation:

• High price. Products made from high quality hardwood, having a dense structure, or made of laminated veneer lumber - are not cheap.

• Service. Wooden frames must be inspected annually, since the material, even well-treated, is negatively affected by external natural factors - ultraviolet rays, moisture, wind, temperature changes. In addition, it is recommended to paint or varnish this type of frame, and this will have to be done quite often. There is also a known problem with cleaning the insides of glass and frames. To carry out this event sometimes requires spending several hours.
• Soundproofing. Ordinary wooden windows do not have high sound-proofing qualities, even in cases where they are installed with seals or insulated by sealing the joints for the winter period.
• Flammability of the material. It's no secret that wood has increased flammability, so it is treated with special solutions - fire retardants. However, over time, the impregnation loses its properties and the treatment must be repeated. If we consider that houses are built from wood that last for centuries, then for frames this “minus” is certainly insignificant.

Nowadays, wooden frames are produced and double-glazed windows are installed in them. They more reliably protect your home from the cold, as they are practically airtight. But their cost is several times higher than the price of conventional designs made of wood, into which each glass is inserted separately.

Metal-plastic frames

Metal-plastic windows have been used all over the world for more than fifty years. They appeared in Russia and the CIS countries much later, but immediately managed to gain appreciation from grateful buyers.

The design of metal-plastic windows usually includes the following elements and nodes:

• Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) profile. The window frame and sashes are made from this material.
• Galvanized steel reinforcement elements are installed inside a plastic profile. They give it strength and eliminate the risk of material deformation.
• Fitting elements. This category of parts includes handles, locks, seals, glazing beads, covers for ventilation holes, brackets for hanging mosquito nets and other details, if they are provided for by the window design.
• A double-glazed window that is hermetically installed in a frame structure. More detailed information about these elements of metal-plastic windows will be presented below, since double-glazed windows are widely used in other window designs - aluminum, wood, combined.

By design, metal-plastic windows are single-leaf, double-leaf and three-leaf, with or without vents. And according to the method of opening, window sashes are divided into several types.

1 – Swing.

2 – Folding.

3 – Swing-folding.

4 – Sliding.

5 – Folding.

6 – Rotary, swinging.

7 – Rotary in the middle part.

8 - Top-hung, opening upwards.

Non-standard opening of windows is most often chosen in complex installation cases, when the usual opening of the structure is impossible or extremely inconvenient.

Now it is necessary to consider the advantages and disadvantages of frames made of PVC profiles in order to compare them with other options.

So to positive aspects Windows made from this material include the following:

• The first thing that attracts buyers is the affordable price of the products.
• Energy saving is most important quality metal-plastic structures can be called the second most important when choosing them for the home. In our climate, properly selected frames with double-glazed windows are quite capable of reliably retaining heat indoors.
• Sound insulation - this quality is especially important for houses located near busy highways or in noisy urban areas. Metal-plastic windows can reliably protect the premises of the house from external noise, reducing it to 35÷40 dB. This quality of construction largely depends on the thickness and number of glasses in the package.
• The tightness of high-quality metal-plastic windows is undeniable, since they are capable of not only thermally insulating rooms, but also providing them with protection from dust and dirt. The structures do not allow air to pass through, but make it easy to ventilate rooms, since they can be opened in several thoughtful positions or include ventilation elements.
• Comfortable to use. Metal-plastic windows do not require cosmetic repairs, such as painting and impregnation. They can be easily cleaned with a wet and dry cloth and window cleaner. During the winter period, the windows do not need to be additionally insulated or sealed.
• PVC profiles have a very neat appearance and can transform the facade of a house. The profile can be decorated with wood, metal or fabric, but, as a rule, such window options are somewhat more expensive than ordinary white frames.
• Strength of the material. High quality PVC, used for the manufacture of window structures, is quite durable. It is difficult to accidentally scratch or damage it in any other way.
• Moisture resistance. Polyvinyl chloride does not absorb water, so the material can be called moisture resistant. And sealing gaskets installed at the joints of individual structural parts prevent moisture from penetrating into the room.

Now it is necessary to talk about possible shortcomings metal-plastic windows, which noted by users based on own experience operation:

• The width of the metal-plastic profile exceeds the width of wooden frames and can vary from 58 to 90 mm. This circumstance somewhat reduces the glazed area, reducing the possibilities of natural lighting.
• The material is not “breathable”, and this, along with the tightness of the shutters and in the absence of proper ventilation, can lead to the constant formation of condensation, Finally in the apartment A microclimate begins to be created, which is sometimes called the “greenhouse effect.” And such conditions are a step towards the appearance of mold colonies, waterlogging of the walls and window slopes, damage to the finish.

Therefore, it is recommended to purchase windows that have special provisions for ventilation (micro-ventilation). Some users prefer window frames with vents for room ventilation - this option is also available, but it will cost a little more. It is quite possible to solve the problem by installing a special ventilation valve - any home owner should cope with this task.

A comfortable microclimate in the house without effective ventilation is impossible!

A big mistake is made by those owners who tend to consider ventilation problems as optional “secondary” tasks. Read about the importance of such a system, the rules for its creation and improvement, and in particular about the installation of supply valves on plastic windows in a special article on our portal.

• There is a high probability of purchasing low-quality products. Today, a large number of local manufacturers present their metal-plastic frames on the market. The fact that they usually use high-quality profiles from well-known brands for their work does not mean the unconditional quality of production. Unfortunately, not all companies involved in window installation treat their production in good faith. And this leads to various problematic situations already during the operation of the products. Therefore, before placing an order, you should inquire about the company’s reputation.

• Another point that you should pay attention to is the presence of lead additives in the metal composition. To make sure that the product does not contain harmful impurities, you should ask the seller for a quality certificate. Experts recommend purchasing metal-plastic products made from German-made profiles that comply all existing safety standards, as they do not contain toxic components.

It must also be said that the frames need to be inquired about profile class from which they will be manufactured. The fact is that there are several options that differ in quality and cost. And one of the evaluation criteria is the number of cameras. The more air layers isolated from each other are created in the profile, the higher its thermal insulation qualities.

• Premium class - the profile has an impeccable appearance and excellent performance characteristics. As a rule, there are five or six air chambers in the profile. Its thickness is at least 70 mm.
• Standard class are frames that have average cost, but with improved technical characteristics and aesthetic appearance. This profile option has three to four air chambers and a thickness of 60÷70 mm.
• Economy class are products of a basic modification that have a low cost. These profiles usually have three air chambers, thickness up to 60 mm.

Aluminum frames

If previously aluminum windows were mainly installed in industrial buildings, shops and offices, today they are increasingly being chosen for installation in apartments and private houses. Moreover There are “cold” and “warm” versions of such products. Cold aluminum frames are most often chosen for glazing balconies or country houses, which are used for living only in the summer. At the same time, for balconies and verandas the most popular option is

Insulated frames should function well in houses with permanent residence. True, due to the high thermal conductivity of aluminum, many residents of cold regions of Russia are still prejudiced against such windows.

In their design and method of opening, aluminum frames are identical to metal-plastic windows, so there is no point in repeating them by listing them. However, according to its characteristics, the material differs from PVC, and has its own positive and negative qualities.

The aluminum profile from which the frames and sashes are made can be 68 or 76 mm thick. Windows are produced with single- and double-glazed windows: the former are usually installed in “cold” frame options, and the latter, respectively, in insulated ones. In addition, both “cold” and insulated structures soundproof rooms very well from external noise. Thus, the noise insulation parameters of the “warm” version are 58÷60 dB.

TO positive characteristics aluminum windows include the following:

• High strength characteristics allow these products to be installed in buildings where increased load will be placed on the frames.
• The presence of powder coating on the surface of the frames not only protects them from external influences, but also makes them more decorative. Thus, spraying can have different colors, including imitating the textured pattern of wood or leather.
• Long service life. Large manufacturers, who manufacture high-quality products, indicate a service life of 80 years.
• Aluminum frames 9subject to installation requirements) are inert to corrosion processes and other external natural influences, do not fade under the influence of ultraviolet radiation.
• Easy to maintain - they do not need to be insulated for the winter and periodically painted. Cleaning is done using glass cleaner and a soft cloth.
• The materials used in the production of aluminum frames do not contain toxic substances and are therefore safe for humans and the environment.

Negative qualities aluminum structures can be called the following:

• High thermal conductivity of the metal. The “cold” version of the frames will not be able to retain heat in the room, so it is chosen for unheated buildings or as a second glazing. And even in “warm” versions, with a multi-chamber profile, a powerful “cold bridge” still remains early - precisely because of the high thermal conductivity of aluminum.
• Aluminum cannot be mounted in combination with other metals, since a destructive chemical reaction is inevitable, leading to the appearance of pockets of corrosion.
• High cost of products - this criterion often becomes decisive for many buyers, and they prefer metal-plastic frames, which have a more affordable price. And they are warmer...

Combined frames

Combined window frames are made from several materials that combine well with each other. Thanks to this, products acquire increased functional characteristics and become more durable.

Prices for plastic windows

plastic windows

As a result of work on the creation of combined window frames, an optimal combination was achieved qualities of different materials, which in the composition they minimize or completely neutralize each other’s shortcomings.

Combined windows are designed for the installation of double-glazed windows. This type of structure is made from different materials, but the most popular combinations are:

• Wood and aluminum.
• Wood and polyvinyl chloride (PVC).

In order to understand what they are and what characteristics are characteristic of them, it is necessary to consider the combined options of window frames in a little more detail.

Window frames made of wood and aluminum

This combination of materials is used in two versions - the aluminum profile is the outer part of the structure and covers the wood, or, on the contrary, it forms the basis of the frame onto which a wooden decorative overlay is fixed.

Wooden-aluminum frames

Windows with frames of this design are less susceptible to external influences of natural factors, since the wood is protected by aluminum. At the same time, thanks to the structural structure of the base material, they do a good job of retaining heat in rooms.

Frames in this combination of materials are made using German, Finnish or Swedish technology. And each of them has its own characteristics.

• German designs of combined windows are designed exactly according to the principle described above - it is a single wooden frame protected from the outside by an aluminum profile. Moreover, metal plates can be attached to a wooden frame so that between them a ventilation gap, which does not allow condensation to accumulate on their surfaces during sudden temperature changes. However, this option only has a swing opening.

In some models, aluminum linings are fixed close to the outer surface of the wooden section, which makes it possible to install mechanisms on them not only for traditional opening, but also for tilting the sash inside the room.

This design option is quite simple to install, but has a lower level of heat and sound insulation than windows of Finnish designs.

• The design of Finnish windows consists of a frame onto which two sashes are fixed - wooden and aluminum. The wooden part is internal and is equipped with double-glazed windows. Tinted, anti-vandal, solar control or regular single glass of greater thickness is mounted in the outer aluminum part of the window. Total thickness window frame can vary from 95 to 210 mm, depending on the number of cameras in the double-glazed window.

The design provides for simultaneous or alternate opening of the inner and outer doors. To ensure these processes, a metal rod is provided in the lower part of the space between the external and internal sashes, on which special open window latches are located.

The disadvantage of this design is the impossibility of opening the frame sashes in different planes. The “disadvantages” include the fact that the windows are very voluminous and have a large mass.

However, the obvious advantage is the high degree of thermal insulation, since the air cushion formed between the doors reliably protects it from loss internal heat, and also serves as a barrier to external cold air.

Finland, like many regions of Russia, is famous for its cold winters, which is why a design was created that can withstand very low temperatures.

This type of window frame is perfect for installation in a private home, if, of course, its homeowners are satisfied with the principle of opening the sashes.

• Windows made using Swedish technology, just like Finnish ones, consist of two sashes - an internal wooden one with a double-glazed window installed in it and an external one with a single thick glass. However, the advantage of this design is the possible connection of the outer and inner doors, which makes it possible to simultaneously open them both wide open and in a folding manner.

The thickness of the window structure also varies, but usually ranges from 90 to 105 mm.

Aluminum-wood frames

In this version of the frame, the base is the aluminum part, that is, the structure itself is made of metal. And wood performs a decorative function and enhances the insulation provided inside the aluminum profiles. In any case, touching a wooden surface is always more pleasant than touching an aluminum one.

Prices for combined frames

combined frames

For production of internal cladding wooden part of the structure usually used valuable species wood with a dense structure - it can be beech, oak, ash and others.

Aluminum-wood frames can have a double opening design ( swing - folding) or be sliding.

The strength of this type of frame is quite high, but the thermal insulation parameters are somewhat lower, in contrast to wood-aluminum products.

Frames made of wood and plastic

Another option for combined frames are products made from polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and wood. They, like those made from wood and aluminum, can have two combinations, that is, a wooden frame and a plastic cover and vice versa.

• Wood-plastic frames are most often made from laminated veneer lumber, which makes up the main part of the structure. Plastic performs a protective and decorative function, and is also an element of additional insulation. This type of product has the same thermal insulation qualities as wooden “Euro-windows”, but the presence plastic protection from moisture and ultraviolet radiation makes the structure more durable. A sealed gap is left between the two materials, which smooths out the stress that can be created due to temperature changes, since due to the different structural structure of the materials, their expansion parameters are also different.

• Plastic and wood frames. This option is closer in its technical characteristics to metal-plastic frames, since the main part of them is made of this material, and wood serves as a decorative frame. However, it should be noted that wood also serves as an effective heat insulator, since its linings are thick enough to perform this function - about 8÷10 mm.

Since plastic is not a “breathable” material, and rubber gaskets make the structure absolutely airtight, it is recommended to choose frames that have elements of fresh air ventilation.

From the side of the frame it is impossible to distinguish them from completely wooden structures, but their cost will be slightly lower.

Both the first and second versions of frames, made of wood and plastic, can have double opening mechanisms - hinged and folding. But if you wish, you can refuse the second one by placing an order for the manufacture of a window.

Combined window options are distinguished by increased technical characteristics and long service life. Due to The fact that frames of this type are more difficult to manufacture, their production is carried out by serious companies with the appropriate equipment. And this, in turn, means that the risk of running into a low-quality fake is reduced.

The main disadvantage of combined products is their high cost.

If we talk about the popularity of combined frames, then we can put in first place wood-aluminum structures, the second one is made of aluminum and wood, respectively, the third one can be safely given wood-plastic, and the fourth is plastic-wooden.

Naturally, for residential heated premises you should choose “warm” options, otherwise you should not expect any comfortable microclimate in the house.

A few words need to be said about caring for combination window systems. To maintain frames in good condition, special care products are used for each material separately.

For example, it is not recommended to treat wood organic substances, detergents and nitrovarnishes, which contain acid. To give wooden linings an aesthetic appearance and not harm breathability, it is periodically coated with paint or varnish, preferably water-based, oils of natural origin or special wax.

Aluminum structural elements must be put in order with solutions made on the basis of silicone, which allows you to preserve the original aesthetic appearance. In order to mask damage on metal parts, window correctors specially designed for this purpose or aluminum resin are used.

The plastic parts of the structure can be easily cleaned with a soapy solution applied to a soft cloth.

Developers do not stand still, and the result of their scientific and technical activities are new materials for window structures. Above were presented the most popular options for installation in private homes.

Double-glazed windows

Due to the fact that frames made of different materials are equipped with double-glazed windows made according to the same principle, the description of this structural element is summarized in one section.

To begin with, it is worth considering the design of a double-glazed window - what it is in principle.

When developing double-glazed windows, engineers foresaw and eliminated all the shortcomings of standard windows with the installation of ordinary glass secured with glazing beads. Energy saving is achieved thanks to the following features designs:

• A sealed inter-glass vacuum space or a space filled with a specially selected gas.
• Placement around the perimeter of the double-glazed window of a chamber containing hygroscopic granules designed to absorb moisture that can form due to temperature changes.
• Sealing of interconnected glasses is carried out using a permanently plastic vulcanizing sealant, which not only insulates the space between the glasses, but also removes the load from them during temperature changes.

Double-glazed windows can be single-chamber, double-chamber or three-chamber. The quality of heat and sound insulation of the premises depends on the number of cameras.

There are conventional and energy-saving double-glazed windows. The latter differ from ordinary ones in that one or more glasses are coated with a metal coating, which limits the spread of infrared radiation.

If you decide to purchase frames with energy-saving packages, then when choosing them you should pay attention to the following points:

• Energy-saving bags are produced with two types of coating - hard, designated as k-glass and - i-glass.
• The solid spraying option has the worst light transmittance, reducing natural light by 20%, but has higher strength.
• i - glass is mounted by spraying inside the structure, as it can be easily damaged during cleaning.
• A single-chamber double-glazed window equipped with i-glass can reduce heat loss by 30÷40% compared to a double-glazed window with standard glass.
• A two-chamber package with two i-glasses, in terms of its heat saving characteristics, corresponds to brickwork 700 mm thick.
• In addition to energy-saving glass, light-protective glass is also installed in double-glazed windows, reducing the penetration of sunlight by 30–70%, depending on the selected tinting spectrum. Such options are perfect for installation in panoramic glazing or in windows facing the sunny side of the house.

• Noise insulation. A noise-insulating double-glazed window is somewhat different in its design from the usual one in that the chambers have different thicknesses, for example, if in the outer chamber the distance between the glasses is 60 mm, then in the inner chamber it is twice as large. The outer glass has a thickness of at least 6 mm. Thanks to this design, street noise in the premises is practically inaudible. This option is simply necessary for a house whose façade faces a busy highway.

At the request of the customer, energy-saving and light-protective glass can be installed in the structure soundproofing glass unit

If there is no need to install light and soundproofing glass, then experts recommend for houses located in central Russia to use double-chamber double-glazed windows with i-glass. And for warmer regions, single-chamber structures are quite suitable.

Leading window manufacturers

Most double-glazed windows sold in the Russian Federation are, to a certain extent, imported products, since the components for them are imported from abroad. Assembly installation is most often carried out on site in companies that are partners with manufacturers of profiles and fittings.

The quality of window structures depends both on the manufacturers of the source material and on who performs the installation. In every region of Russia, more than a dozen companies are engaged in window assembly, so it is impossible to list them all and identify the best. But many manufacturers of profiles and fittings are known not only in Russia, but also in other countries of the world.

Wooden and combined windows

Frames for conventional wooden windows are manufactured in all regions by local manufacturers. Therefore, this type of structure in terms of the quality of material and assembly must be selected at the place of their production, having studied in advance consumer reviews that are already using the products of one or another company or individual craftsmen.

The assessment of “Euro windows” is usually based on the authority of manufacturers of profiles and fittings.

Windows from Finnish manufacturers

They can be called the most popular on the Russian market, as they have proven themselves to be reliable energy-saving designs. Due to the fact that the climate of many regions in our country is similar to Finnish, products made according to this principle have taken root well in the cold Russian winters. The most famous brands of Finnish windows are Tiivi, Lammin and Skaala, so it is necessary to say a few words about them.

• "Tiivi"- this company has been supplying wooden and wood-aluminum window designs. During its work, the manufacturer took one of the first places in the ranking.

Tiivi window sashes and frames are made from high quality northern pine and painted with water-based paints and varnishes. This allows you to preserve the surface of the frames in their original form for as long as possible.

Prices for double glazed windows

double glazed windows

The company produces four types of window structures - “Tiivi 1+2” (optimi), “Tiivi 1+3”, “Tiivi 2+2”, “Tiivi” fixed window with triple glazing.

The most available options the cost is the “Tiivi 1+2” (optimi) and “Tiivi 2+2” designs - this is explained by the simplified configuration of the aluminum profile and the minimum number of opening doors. The window frame of these models is made of three-layer laminated veneer lumber. The glass of the double-glazed unit has a reflective coating, and its internal space is filled with argon. The thickness of the outer glass is 4 mm, which reduces the level of external noise to 33 dB.

The windows are equipped with Finnish-made fittings. There is a choice of colors, which allows you to choose the desired shade to match the façade appearance of the house. Another advantage of these designs is the possibility of using blinds installed between the frames.

These models, as well as the Tiivi 1+3, can only be opened in one position - wide open.

"Tiivi 1+3" has all the characteristics listed above, but due to the wider box it is capable soundproof room to 48 dB. Accordingly, the thermal insulation of the room increases. The width of the box of this model can vary from 170 to 205 mm.

• « LamminIKKUNAT"- this company uses exclusively knot-free selected coniferous wood to manufacture its products. The company produces frames for individual orders, taking into account the wishes of the customer.

Lammin windows have strong frames and a rigid frame, the wood of which is impregnated under pressure with antiseptic solutions. Bottom part The box is protected from external influences by an aluminum profile. Frames are made for two-chamber, three-chamber and even four-chamber double-glazed windows, the glass of which, at the customer’s request, can have a reflective layer applied to it.

The standard frame colors of this manufacturer are black and brown in different shades.

Lammin produces double-chamber structures with triple glazing, and unlike other models, both frames can be opened at the same time. The outer frame in this design option is made of aluminum profile. It reliably protects the internal wooden structure from natural influences.

All windows from this manufacturer show high heat and sound insulation qualities. They are excellent for installation in private houses built in regions with harsh winter conditions.

• Company « Skaala" was founded back in 1956, and specializes only in the manufacture of windows and doors, both entirely from wood and in combination with other materials. The products of this manufacturer are distinguished by increased energy saving indicators, therefore they are in wide demand not only in Finland, but also in the UK, Sweden and Russia.

Each type of product of a certain design from a given manufacturer has its own name.

"Skaala Alfa" are wooden-aluminum frames with high levels of energy saving and sound insulation, which are most in demand among buyers. This design provides a protective coating for the glass against ultraviolet rays, as well as against freezing. The glazing consists of two double-glazed windows located at a certain distance from each other. The air gap formed between them is additional insulation.

“Skaala Beeta” - this model is also made of wood and aluminum and has 2+1 glazing. The inner chamber consists of two glasses, in front of the window block there is a frame with one glass 6 mm thick, which has a coating that protects it from freezing. It should be noted that this model, at the request of the customer, can be made entirely of wood, both in an opening and a “blind” version.

"Skaala Gamma" are triple glazed windows. They can be “blind” or opening, made entirely of wood or in a combined version - wood and aluminum. In the model with “fixed” glazing, the glass is installed along the front part of the window block; in the opening versions, the glass is separated by an air cushion. Fully enclosed design provides more high level thermal insulation, therefore, if there are two or more windows in a room, you can install one model with opening sashes for ventilation, and make the remaining windows “blind”.

Swedish producers

There are not as many Swedish manufacturers on the Russian market as Finnish ones, but several companies still present their products. And they are, of course, not cheap. Therefore, many craftsmen take the design of Swedish windows as a basis and make them themselves. However, this is only possible if you have all the necessary equipment at hand, and you can only envy your carpentry skills.

• "SP-Fonster" is a Swedish company specializing in the design and production of high quality wooden windows. The wood used for their manufacture is impregnated with antiseptic solutions, which makes the products resistant to moisture.

The company produces windows in standard parameters and according to individual orders, according to measurements taken and taking into account the wishes of the consumer.

The models offered by this company have the following designs:

- windows with double and triple glazing;

— windows equipped with energy-saving glass;

- windows with sashes that open outward or inward;

- rotating or top-hung sashes.

Other design options are also possible upon individual orders. Moreover, the company undertakes to produce frames not only of ordinary ones, but also non-standard forms, for example, round or triangular. Masters take on more complex tasks when it is necessary to install frames of different designs in one window opening.

Windows with triple glazing will provide a high level of thermal insulation of the house, which is especially important for Russian winters, and will also protect the rooms from external noise.

All models from this manufacturer undergo serious testing in laboratory and field conditions. Therefore, you can be sure that they meet all standards for acoustics, heat resistance, energy saving and are guaranteed for long-term, flawless operation.

• « Hajom" Swedish company with a hundred years of experience in the manufacture of wooden windows. During this period, engineers developed many advanced technologies that made it possible to raise the quality of products to the highest level.

Hajom specializes not only in regular windows, but also on complex panoramic and sliding structures equipped with unique Lift-and-slide mechanisms that allow doors to be opened with minimal heat loss from the room. The company makes its frames from elite wood species, such as oak, pine, meranti, iron and teak.

Products of the Hajom brand are supplied to retail markets in Europe, Russia, Canada, the USA and Japan. And everywhere they are in great demand among connoisseurs of real quality.

Naturally, the cost of window designs from this manufacturer is quite high. But it fully corresponds to the quality of products that will last for decades.

German wooden windows

German construction products have long won the trust of Russian buyers, as they are distinguished by high quality and durability. Wooden and combined windows are no exception. Thus, the products of the companies “KNEER” and “UNILUX” are in deservedly high demand.

• KNEER company owns several factories for the production of windows, which produce products of any complexity, suitable for use in any architectural style. Wooden frames are made from quality wood various breeds, including exotic ones. In addition to wooden ones, the company produces combined products - wood-aluminum or wood-patinated copper.

The most modern innovative technologies are used in the production of KNEER. For example, wood is treated in a nitrogen environment to achieve its optimal humidity, not exceeding 5%. This factor directly affects the strength characteristics of the profile and its durability.

Products undergo strict testing environmental safety, therefore, each KNEER product has a BIO system certificate. Which, you see, is important for the operation of windows in residential premises.

The energy saving index of wooden windows from this manufacturer even exceeds the Russian standard. Double-glazed windows have a protective coating against ultraviolet rays.

All KNEER products are accompanied by a five-year warranty, and the total service life promised by the manufacturer is at least 40 years.

All windows, without exception, are equipped with anti-vandal locking hardware, ensuring the safety of the home. If necessary, upon customer request, products can be equipped with additional protective elements.

All craftsmen working on frame installation, regardless of the location of production, are allowed to work only after an internship in Germany. This is how the manufacturer gains its professional reputation.

Prices for popular windows

popular windows

• « UNILUX" is another well-known German manufacturer of wooden and combined windows, which successfully operates on the Russian market, since the products are perfectly adapted to our climatic conditions. "UNILUX" was founded in 1955, and in 2014 it became part of the window production corporation "WERU GROUP", which made it possible to expand the range of materials for the manufacture of frames. So, now the company began to produce not only wooden and combined windows, but also metal-plastic profiles of the highest quality.

The range of products manufactured by UNILUX includes all of the above designs. Therefore, it is so wide that you can choose any option of the customer’s choice, based only on his financial capabilities.

Manufacturers of profiles and fittings for metal-plastic windows

The most popular profiles for the production of PVC windows on the Russian market are products from well-known German companies. The top three are “VEKA”, “KVE” and “REHAU”, which is why they are worth considering in more detail.

• Firm "VEKA" entered the European market with its products in 1968. Today, products from this manufacturer are supplied not only to EU countries, but also to consumers in Russia, Brazil, India, Canada, the USA and China.

VEKA products have a high quality profile, a variety of shade designs, as well as a convenient design for opening the doors in different positions.

The profiles of this manufacturer perfectly retain heat and silence indoors, without missing the noise and cold outside. They are resistant to aggressive external environmental influences environment, easy to maintain and durable in use.

Today, VEKA Rus profiles are produced at several factories located in Russia. They are manufactured entirely using original technology and under the supervision of representatives of the parent company.

Six types of “VEKA” profiles are available, which have different parameters and have their own names:

— « EUROLINE»has a width of 58 mm and three cameras;

— “PROLINE” - width 70 mm and four chambers;

— “SOFTLINE” - width 70 mm and five cameras;

— « SWIGLINE» - profile width 82 mm and the presence of five chambers;

— “SOFTLINE 82” - width 70 mm and six or seven cameras;

— « ALPHLINE» - width 90 mm and six chambers.

The only drawback of this brand is quite high cost compared to products from other window manufacturers made of the same material.

• "KVE" was founded in 1980, and during its work it has become one of the leaders in the European market in the production of PVC profiles and products made from them. KVE windows are designed for operation at high humidity and air temperatures from -60 to +80 degrees. The profiles are easy to care for; they show excellent resistance to external natural influences and household chemicals.

Frames made from profiles from this manufacturer are reliable and durable, as they are designed for operation for 45–50 years. They are made in white color and are able to maintain their appearance throughout the entire period of their “life”.

Windows are excellent protection at home from the cold, which will help significantly save on heating the building, as well as external noise, since they practically do not allow sounds to pass through.

The KVE company opened its factories in two cities in Russia, so the profiles manufactured there are somewhat cheaper than German ones. In terms of quality, they are indistinguishable, since they are produced on imported equipment and are ISO certified.

"KVE" produces profiles, which, just like "VEKA", are given their own names:

- “Etalon” and “Engine” with a width of 58 mm and three cameras.

— “KBE Energy” - width 70 mm and three chambers.

— “Etalon +” - a modified “Etalon” with a width of 127 mm and four cameras.

— “KBE SELECT” - width 70 mm, five chambers.

— “KBE Expert” - width 70, five chambers.

— “KBE Expert +” - width 127 mm and five cameras.

— “KBE 88” - width 88 mm and 6 chambers.

The cost of KVE products is 20÷25% lower than that of VEKA products.

• "REHAU" has been working in the field of profile production for more than 50 years, and during the period of operation the company managed to conquer sales markets large quantities countries Including Russia, where it has developed a network of representative offices since 2002.

Frames made from REHAU profiles, due to their high precision fit to each other, provide excellent sound and heat insulation of rooms. In addition, the frames are equipped with elements of an anti-burglary system, so it is almost impossible to open them from the street. In combination with impact-resistant glass, the design provides reliable protection for the home from intruders.

When producing profiles, special additives are added to PVC - fire retardants, which prevent the frames from igniting and promote self-extinguishing of the material.

The profile surfaces undergo antistatic treatment, so they do not attract dust and dirt, which greatly simplifies the maintenance of frames.

The REHAU company, like the two previous manufacturers, opened an enterprise for the production of its products in Russia. The plant is equipped with high-quality German equipment and has an international certificate of quality for its products.

"REHAU" produces profiles for the manufacture of windows and doors of the following names and parameters:

— “BLITZ” - width 60 mm and three chambers.

— “EURO-DESIGN” - width 60 mm and three chambers.

— “DELIGHT-DESIGN” - width 70 mm and five chambers.

— “BRILLANT-DESIGN” - width 70 or 80 mm and 5 or 6 chambers.

— « GENEO» - width 86 mm and six cameras.

— « INTELIO» - width 86 mm and six cameras.

— “SIB-DESIGN” - width 70 mm, three chambers and a thermoblock, a total of five chambers.

The cost of REHAU products is lower than that of VEKA, but higher than the price of KVE windows.

Aluminum window manufacturers

The production of aluminum windows is quite difficult technological process, so you can’t do without special equipment. In this regard, when making your choice in favor of these designs, it is recommended to purchase products from trusted companies that have been presenting their products on the market for many years and have gained unconditional authority among buyers. Some of the best brands supplied to Russian market aluminum structures windows and doors are "Schuco", "Reynaers" and "Profilco".

• « Schuco" is a German company that can be called a leader among manufacturers of aluminum windows. The company has been working in this direction since 1951, and at the beginning of its activities it supplied its products only to the domestic market. Today, Schuco systems are installed all over the world, or rather, in 78 countries, as they are easy to use, reliable, durable and have excellent design decoration. For glazing frames, this company uses products only from trusted manufacturers. The same applies to fittings.

Windows are equipped anti-burglary protection systems, which is important for private houses whose windows do not overlook the garden plot, but directly onto the street.

The profile has different thicknesses - 50, 65 and 70 mm, and is used for installing double-glazed windows with different numbers of chambers, which ensures high thermal protection homes in regions with different temperature ranges. We should also highlight the 105 mm wide profile, which has two seals - this option can be used in the harshest winter conditions. In addition, the thermal bridge installed inside the profile enhances protection from cold, which also eliminates the risk of deformation of the structure due to temperature changes.

"Schuco" produces both insulated and "cold" windows and doors. The latter are used for installation not only in private and multi-storey buildings, but also in airports and hypermarkets.

• "Reynaers" is a large Belgian company producing aluminum windows. It supplies its products to 37 countries, including Russia. Reynaers products are distinguished by high quality, strength and durability, and are available in a variety of profile thicknesses and exterior color shades.

Recently, the company expanded its range by starting to produce, in addition to aluminum structures, combined frame options made of aluminum and wood. The latter have quite high popularity in the Russian market.

The most popular designs include frames made from the following profiles:

— « Reynaers CS 77" is a three-chamber insulated profile with a width of 77 mm, used for assembling doors and windows into which double-glazed windows can be installed. Insulation is achieved by installing in profiles of polyamide thermal bridges, which reinforced with fiberglass. Frames made from this profile provide buildings with excellent anti-burglary protection.

— « Reynaers CW 50" - This profile is used for assembling mullion-transom structures of panoramic windows or glazed roofs of winter gardens. " Reynaers CW 50" has a width of 50 mm, and the thickness of the thermal bridges depends on the region with which winter conditions the frames made from it will be installed. A double-chamber double-glazed window can be installed in this profile.

— « Reynaers CP 155" has a thickness of 155 mm and is intended for insulated door structures. The profile allows the installation of a sliding sash with a weight of up to 400 kg and a height of 3000 mm. The product has anti-burglary qualities, can be equipped with an electric drive for remote control.

Reynaers products are generally characterized as elite, environmentally friendly and of high quality at very reasonable prices.

• "Profilco" - this Greek company was founded in 2001, but in such a short period of time it has managed to establish itself as a reliable manufacturer, responsive to consumer requests. New developments are made in the research center that is part of the company. In addition, sales offices are located in different countries of the world, through which buyers can order original high-quality products.

Profilco produces various types of profiles that intended for a variety of designs. For example, PR 50 is used in facade glazing and comes in three types:

— “Standard” – for standard glazing;

— “Structural” – for panoramic glazing;

— « Semi-Structure» l – for continuous glazing, when profiles and fasteners are almost invisible.

All three types have excellent sound and thermal insulation qualities. For example, “Standard” and “Structural” can be used for glass units with a thickness of 32 mm and thermal bridges up to 16 mm. “Semi-Structural” is intended for double-glazed windows with a thickness of 40 mm and thermal bridges of 24 mm.

— The insulated profile PR 63 is intended for creating window and door structures in which a 42 mm thick double-glazed window can be installed. Thermal bridge installed in the profile provides high sound and heat protection of the house.

— “Warm” profile PR 72 is endowed with increased thermal insulation qualities, which are provided by the EPDM rubber gasket and the overlap of the sash on the frame on width 8 mm.

— The PR 55 profile can be called intermediate between the “warm” and “cold” options. The product is designed for installation of double-glazed windows with a thickness of 32 mm.

— “Cold” profiles include products marked PR 52 and PR 43, into which double-glazed windows with a thickness of 32 and 24 mm can be installed.

- For sliding structures The manufacturer has provided profiles PR 45, PR 35, PR 32 and PR 26. For “warm” glazing from these profiles, the PR 45 profile is suitable.

As can be concluded from the information presented above, for a private home you can choose any of existing options windows made from different materials. The choice will depend on the availability of financial capabilities, climatic characteristics of the region of residence, and the material of construction of the house. They certainly play a role external qualities windows For example, for a wooden house it is better to choose frames made of wood or combined options - wood-aluminum or wood-plastic.

When choosing metal-plastic or aluminum frames for installation, it is important to ensure that they do not bear increased load, which in some cases a wooden structure can withstand. Therefore, before installing them, it is necessary to check the strength of the walls of the window opening and, if necessary, strengthen it in advance.

At the end of the publication, let me invite you to watch a video that gives a subjective comparative assessment of wooden and PVC windows.

Video: Comparing wooden and plastic windows