Nowadays, in the construction markets you can find various materials, and so the question arises which putty to choose? To choose this material correctly, you need to know what are the differences between the types of putties, and where they can be used.
The choice of putty - types of materials
As we have said, today there are many types of putty that you can use to various works. And it is important that you know exactly how they differ in characteristics, because many people still ask the question: “which putty is better for walls”?
Starting. It should be used if you want to “roughly” level the walls, that is, to correct large irregularities, for example, if the differences exceed 5 mm. In the event that some other type of material is used, then for some time it may simply crack, therefore, repairs can be made again. Such a coating must be applied using wide spatulas. If you have to align the walls “globally”, then it is better to buy a rule up to 1.5 meters. This material has several features - it quickly hardens, but it lends itself worse to various abrasives. That is why you must work with it very carefully, because then you can hardly fix something.
Finishing. It should be used for final alignment work surfaces, and if you then process it with an abrasive mesh, then the walls and ceiling will be smooth. This material can be easily processed with conventional sandpaper. To apply the mixture, use an ordinary small spatula, as a larger tool is impractical to use. Such a surface can already be called almost finished, and all that remains for you is the elimination of the smallest "pits" and irregularities. Now you do not need to constantly ask consultants which finishing putty is better, because in this case The choice will depend purely on the manufacturer.
Cement. It is best to purchase it for subsequent use on the streets, as well as in rooms where there is a high level of humidity. It's quite difficult to work with her. That is why it is necessary to grind the material at the moment when it has not yet dried up. True, this type of mortar is not particularly necessary, since it is most often used if you subsequently either apply plaster, or lay tiles, or glue wallpaper, or veneer in some other way. Its main advantage is that the mixture is stable, durable, and is not afraid of moisture.
Gypsum. This type of material, unlike cement putty, is afraid of moisture. And this is not its drawback, but the main feature that must be considered when choosing a putty - it can only be used in a dry room if you want your work to have a lasting effect. But the main advantages include the fact that the surface obtained after processing with this material is an excellent base for subsequent finishing with various decorative coatings, including for pasting wallpaper or coating with paint.
Acrylic. Usually this material is preferable to use if the work is carried out for the "artistic refinement" of the ceiling or walls. It should be applied in a thin layer - about 1 mm. When using such material, you can make almost mirrored ceilings, which will greatly dilute the interior of your apartment. That is, if you want to not only answer the question of how to choose putty for walls, but also to make the room original, this option is for you.
Difficult question: which putty to choose?
This material is also divided according to another feature, which must also be taken into account if you want the work to also go smoothly and without further alteration:
- With sand;
- without sand.
You can use the second option for various works: both external and internal, as well as during wet rooms. True, it is quite difficult to work with such a composition, but the result will be impressive - smooth and even. The color of such a solution is usually white, since white cement is still included in the composition. But the first group of putty is best used only for facade works, because their color is dirty gray due to the cement used. You can also use it when leveling "rough" walls with strong irregularities.
If you understand what kind of putty to putty the walls in different cases, then the choice will be much easier. That is why initially you must form a task in your head by determining the place facing works, after that you can go for the material to the hardware store.
Important note: despite the knowledge gained with the help of the article, be sure to re-read the instructions for using the putty again.
Generally it is difficult to imagine any repair without puttying the walls, which is simply necessary to prepare the surface for finishing work, including wallpapering the walls.
The lexical meaning of the word putty or putty (the options are equivalent in use and true) is not important, the procedure will allow you to level the walls, cope with uneven cracks, leveling with roughness, and create a smooth surface.
It should be borne in mind that some wallpaper options are not able to be mounted on a wall surface that has not yet been puttied in advance. The wallpapers are perfectly glued, which, in addition to external aesthetics, is also durable.
From here puttying is a mandatory step repair work, the absence of which will drastically affect the result of wallpapering. Often a logical question arises as to which putty is better for walls under wallpaper?
Varieties
It is definitely worth noting that wall puttying is a simple procedure from a technological point of view. In addition, in this case, small errors can be made on the surface, with the only difference being that large flaws will not remain noticeable to the eye.
Otherwise, the wallpaper will not look as beautiful as we would like. Laying wallpaper on prepared walls is a real pleasure, not otherwise.
It will be more logical level the surface to the maximum. You will need to figure out which putty to choose, which is better for walls under wallpaper. For competent implementation of putty, it is best to choose the right composition.
Extremely light and economical option puttying. The technique is quite plastic and has a fast drying time (about 24 hours), and the period of oil-adhesive putty is quite long. This composition is prepared according to the good old classic "recipe", taking drying oil as a basis, casein glue and chalk.
Moreover, due to this, some wall defects can be corrected: cracks, crevices, holes. The material looks like a pasty substance applied with a spatula in one or two layers.
A day later, the putty surface requires grinding to level the coating. The advantages of the material are hygiene and environmental friendliness.
However, a serious disadvantage is the poor compatibility of putty with materials without oil paint or drying oils. So it's far not the best option for putty under the wallpaper.
Common type used for internal works. As usual, it is applied to brick, concrete or gypsum boards.
It is used taking into account exceptionally dry rooms, due to the fact that gypsum tends to absorb moisture.
Excessive moisture, including precipitation, which adversely affects the putty walls with this composition. Gypsum putty - a mix of gypsum with filler, which allows to increase the total volume. Modifying agents are also added for the speed and quality of drying of the finish.
Advantages:
- adhesion;
- high drying rate;
- no shrinkage;
- high level of environmental friendliness and safety;
- availability and economy.
When working with this type of putty, you should not make sudden changes in humidity. You can probably call it a disadvantage of this particular material.
The main ingredient of this mixture is. The mixture will ideally fit into the work of finishing damp rooms. After drying, the material turns into a durable coating. As a basic task, the material must seal and level cracks.
Varieties of cement:
- rough is intended for primary work;
- applied at the end of the work.
The difference between the options for cement putty lies in the presence of various fillers in the composition.
Water dispersion
This variety occupies a worthy place in the category of leveling materials. Water-dispersion putty appeared relatively recently on the building materials market, however, due to high operating parameters her popularity is growing geometric progression demand.
This type of putty is effectively applied to all kinds of surfaces, including concrete, wood, brick or fiberboard. The material is an acrylic based ready mix.
The composition is distinguished by good adhesion, min shrinkage, moisture resistance, fire resistance, no organic compounds and is affordable.
In case of thickening putty Easily diluted with water and dries quickly. Based on the addition of resins, we can talk about improving the properties. This allows synthetic resin putty to dry faster than others.
This putty is a universal option for leveling external and internal walls. Due to the uniqueness of the base, the material is perfectly applied to any surface, allowing you to get smoothness and alignment.
Putty does not need to be diluted with water, as implemented in ready-made and capable of being preserved plastic container for a long time. A paste-type mixture is quite simply applied, as well as distributed over the surface.
Putty does not shrink and does not crack after drying. Due to its elasticity and water resistance, it perfectly copes with the alignment of the wall.
It is a relative novelty in this category - polymer putty - will allow you to bring the walls almost perfectly even for subsequent painting or pasting. Its application is carried out on the final stage of rough work to finishing.
It is clear that the putty got its name based on its binders - polymers represented by / acrylic.
Regarding the material based on acrylic, we can say that its use is narrowly limited. interior decoration walls and ceiling.
Building material of this kind has advantages, the main of which is durability. In addition, it is odorless and easy to use. The question of which putty is better to putty the walls under the wallpaper cannot be answered unambiguously. That is why each of them has both advantages and disadvantages. weak sides indicated in the description.
To date construction market abounds various brands manufacturers of putties that need no introduction:
- Prospectors;
Prospectors
You can get acquainted with the types of putty for walls under wallpaper in a separate topic. The material is sold in plastic buckets, as a rule, these are ready-made putties or dry mixes carried in paper bags.
The cost difference is due to the competition of manufacturers, which affects the quality, as well as the content of the fillers.
When choosing a putty, take care of the starting and finishing options.
For more information about the types of putties, see the video:
What putty to putty the walls under the wallpaper
When the walls are visually even, without any flaws, you can proceed to final works. Otherwise, the unprepared surface will have to be treated with a starting putty, mainly gypsum.
For kitchen the best option there will be putty on cement base due to the properties of resistance to moisture and strength.
Between layers until wallpapering is required prime the surface.
Starting mixtures have a high degree of reliability and adhesion to other materials, plus coarse grain size. Used for areas where rough leveling is required. The thickness of the layer is directly dependent on the degree of unevenness 3-20mm.
At the time of purchase, focus on the letters on the package:
- LR - putty for rooms where high humidity is noted;
- KR - for dry.
The finishing stage can be completed with plaster, latex options. The main criteria are the price and brand of the manufacturer. Usually, choose mixtures of the brand Knauf and Vetonit.
Finishing fine-grained putty allows you to achieve almost perfect smoothness.
Strength and adhesion are at a lower level compared to the starting one, only its advantages lie in the ease of processing (sandpaper is enough). You should get a four-millimeter layer in thickness.
Cement mortar is the main component that is necessary when pouring the foundation, when laying bricks, and when plastering walls. its proportions.
For laying tiles, tiles during repairs, tile adhesive is always used. types and consumption of glue.
Decorative plaster Bark beetle is often used during finishing works. By clicking on, get acquainted with the application technology.
From this we can conclude that gypsum mixtures are the most reliable and functional. However, it must be understood that the human factor also plays an important role, some craftsmen are loyal to a particular product.
For most new masters there are universal options for mixtures, combining something from putties of the starting and finishing types. Only their price is almost twice as high as the previous ones separately.
Puttying works
It is quite possible to putty the walls on your own, but in this case you won’t have to talk about high results, although the work is not among the difficult ones. Most likely, skill is gained by time and practice.
Theoretically, the execution of puttying looks like this in stages:
- preliminary preparation. The first stage is to clean the surface, dry it, remove greasy areas, old putty, former paint. It is necessary to prevent work on a dirty or frozen surface;
- on the contrary, it will nullify the degree of adhesion of any material. Hence there is a risk of loss of putty in solid layers .;
- primer. This step should not be ignored. Priming of all putty layers, including the final finishing layer before wallpapering. This procedure will provide additional strength;
- puttying. Based on the purpose of the room, the application of one or another type of putty and the very number of layers will also vary. In this procedure, you must dry thoroughly with each layer, after which - treat with a primer;
- the starting version of the putty is applied in portions. In order to avoid visible transitions, the application takes place in a certain influx on the layer in front of it. The tool is held at an angle of 31-36 degrees relative to the surface;
- the final layer can be applied only after a day. To do this, it is worth resorting to a narrow spatula, which will reduce the layer thickness to 2 mm;
- final primer immediately before wallpapering on the walls.
Principles of puttying corners
Sometimes the evenness and clarity of the corners are an extremely important component of the repair. To do this, the walls planned for pasting must be leveled. This procedure will seem very time consuming for an inexperienced finisher.
The most effective in this work will be an angular spatula, functioning on the principle of "support on the wall".
At home, it is quite appropriate to use a silicone tube or a syringe (standard confectionery), which allows you to distribute the required volume of putty mixture. After that, the corners should be sharpened with an abrasive.
Slope putty occurs in the same way as the above corners or walls. There is only the difference that the process itself is very painstaking, so beginners have practically no chance to cope with this task. Professionals recommend the use of an angled trowel and leveling with an abrasive.
conclusions
The process of filling walls for wallpapering is a rather time-consuming process., focusing on physical spending; based on close attention and healthy pedantry. From a technological point of view, the procedure cannot be called complicated, and inaccuracies and defects can be corrected before the final finishing.
A huge number of companies are engaged in the production of putties. Accordingly, a simple buyer often has questions with the choice suitable material for finishing the walls of the apartment. Properly selected composition plays a very important role, because different mixtures are designed for different types walls, besides putties for internal and external works differ. In our article, we will try to figure out what compositions are and what is the advantage of each of them.
Choosing putty - starting or finishing?
When buying material for wall decoration, you must first decide whether you need a starting or finishing putty for the walls. Starting putty, as you might guess from the name, is designed to perform work at the very beginning of repair activities. If rough leveling of surfaces where there are deep cracks or chips is required, then it is required to purchase the starting composition. It is difficult to find another material that just as well hides irregularities with a depth of 5 mm and even more.
To apply the composition to the wall, a conventional spatula with a wide working surface is sufficient. Among the advantages of starting putty, a high drying rate can be distinguished. However, all work must be carried out very quickly, otherwise the putty will have time to dry. And to correct the roughness that has arisen, you will have to make a lot of effort.
If we talk about finishing putty, then it is intended for processing walls at the final stages of repair. As a rule, such a putty is very smooth, since it consists of fine sand and other additives. It does not dry out so quickly, but it can be easily processed even after complete drying. It is enough to use improvised means, for example, sandpaper of medium grit.
Wall processing is carried out using a small spatula, since it is required to carefully and beautifully apply the solution to the walls so that there are no sagging and streaks. After all, after drying, the walls are ready for painting or wallpapering. However, grinding is indispensable, because the smallest irregularities and roughness after applying the composition will remain in any case.
Types of putties depending on the composition - cement, acrylic and gypsum
Having decided on the purpose for which you will use putty, we will try to figure out the composition of the material. Enjoy great popularity cement mixtures which are highly resistant to moisture. In this regard, the product is very often used for outdoor work. Another important advantage is strength and durability, which is due to the presence a large number gypsum in the composition.
However, working with this putty will be quite difficult, especially for inexperienced craftsmen. It is very difficult to sand, so you should apply the solution very carefully so that after drying, to minimize manipulation with sandpaper or any other grinding device.
It is better to putty the walls in the premises with gypsum putty. This is a relatively inexpensive mixture, very popular and in demand among ordinary consumers. Its main drawback lies in the low level of moisture resistance, therefore, only rooms with a minimum level of humidity can be finished with the described composition. However, the putty itself is very easy to grind after application, because it is a typical representative of mixtures for interior work. Gypsum-based putty is perfect choice for subsequent application of paint of any type or wallpaper.
Another popular putty for interior work is an acrylic mixture. For the most part, the composition is used for artistic purposes to decorate the room, give it an original and unusual appearance. Great for both walls and ceilings. It must be applied with a small spatula in a very thin layer, the thickness of which should not exceed 1 mm. Having bought acrylic composition, you can achieve the effect of mirroring the walls, which gives the room a very unusual and beautiful look.
There are putties with and without sand. Mixtures containing sand are best used for exterior and facade work, since the walls acquire a dirty gray color after processing. However, this product can also be used indoors, as it is ideal for sealing large and deep cracks.
The option without the use of sand finds applications in all areas, including for interior work. In rooms with high level humidity putty without sand also feels very good. The surface after applying the mixture is very smooth and even, the usual fine-grained sandpaper does an excellent job of grinding the resulting minor defects. The color of the putty is usually white, which is associated with the addition white cement.
Putty for wallpaper - which one to choose?
Most often, the walls are covered with wallpaper, so it is very important to choose the best putty for them. Regardless of the type of wallpaper, whether non-woven or vinyl, the walls must be perfectly even and smooth. This result can be achieved only if the mixture is used for interior work.
And you should not save in this matter, because you always have to pay for quality. Products well-known manufacturers, which will be discussed below, gives the walls all the necessary qualities so that the wallpaper looks very beautiful in the future, does not move away and does not peel off.
To date, the compositions are packaged in various packages, depending on their condition. So, completely ready-to-use putty is sold in jars and buckets. various volumes. If you need to purchase a dry mix, then it is distributed in bags weighing 25 kg or more. Naturally, finished pasty products are more expensive. To save money, it is better to use dry putty for the walls. Firstly, in a dry state, it can be stored for a very long time, even after opening the bag. Secondly, it is very simple to mix the solution with a consistency, because the instructions clearly spell out the proportions of liquid and powder.
The basic rule for preparing ready-made solutions from dry powder is that water is poured into a container with a mixture, but not vice versa. If putty is added to water, then the product can be completely spoiled.
Products of various manufacturers - their advantages and disadvantages
Finally, we will talk about the most popular brands of putty. Selection of goods on the market building materials is very large, I would like to at least slightly narrow the circle of searches for compositions suitable for specific purposes.
So, first of all, we note the products of a German manufacturer called Knauf. Compositions are produced for outdoor and indoor use. Putty is resistant to the destructive action of moisture, and also tolerates temperature extremes. The drying period does not exceed a day, after which you can proceed to the next stage of repair. In addition, the following positive qualities are distinguished:
- Strength and durability of the coating
- High level of smoothness and evenness of the wall
- The presence of numerous impurities and additives that have a positive effect on performance
There are not so many cons. These include the need to prepare small portions in the case of using a dry mix - already 15 minutes after kneading, the paste becomes unsuitable for further use, so everything must be done very quickly.
You can also be advised to pay attention to Henkel products, in particular, Ceresit putty. A fairly expensive putty, ideal for finishing cement, sand, limestone and brick walls from any side. The only thing to remember is that the compositions of this manufacturer do not tolerate moisture well. The drying time is approximately 15 hours, while the paste itself does not lose its properties within 50 minutes and is still ready for use.
If you need a universal wall putty, then pay attention to a product called Kreisel. This is an excellent composition, suitable for any type of work. The price is very reasonable, while the drying speed is significantly higher compared to the main competitors.
Putty is used in construction and finishing works for the final leveling of surfaces and giving them impeccable smoothness . Easy to use material perfectly eliminates irregularities , cracks , flaws , roughness and is a good protection for all types of ceilings and walls . Depending on which components are part of the mixture, polymer, gypsum and cement putties are distinguished. Each of the types has its own advantages and is designed for certain jobs.
Polymer putty is considered a relatively new product on the building materials market. They are divided into acrylic and latex. Both types of putty are ready-to-use material, which is sold in containers of various sizes. Acrylic putty is used for roughing, starting, leveling, finishing, internal, external works and decoration of building facades. This putty is easy to apply, functionality, versatility, but has a higher cost than gypsum and cement. Acrylic-based putty is a pure white, thick mass. While working with it, the applied layers are elastic, even, moisture resistant and high-strength. Thanks to the pasty texture, you can easily control the thickness of the layers, evenly distribute the material. If you follow the rules of work, after drying there will be no shrinkage, cracks. Latex putties can only be used for interior work. They are a mixture of plasticizer, fillers and hardening regulator, in which link latex appears. This putty is plastic, it is convenient to work with it, apply the thinnest layers. When dried, the applied layers do not crack, do not crumble. Among the disadvantages are the high cost and reaction to low temperatures. In case of improper storage, freezing may lose its properties.
It is impossible to say unequivocally that any particular type of putty is better. Before choosing a material, familiarize yourself with its properties, specify the place of facing work. A good, properly prepared putty has a viscous, plastic structure, a grainy base and will be the best of its kind.
Finishing surfaces with drywall makes them almost perfect, but to achieve this effect, you should know how and with what putty to putty drywall. Drywall sheets are non-monolithic.
After installation, joints and seams are formed between them, which must be hidden. Construction hypermarkets offer a variety of putty mixtures.
It depends on them how smooth, straight and durable the wall will turn out, but since not every solution is equally suitable for drywall, it is quite difficult to immediately understand which putty to choose for drywall.
What is putty and its classification
Starting mixtures are used for the initial leveling of the wall These are powder or paste-like building compounds.
They are necessary for leveling the plasterboard before finishing (or wallpaper).
According to its purpose, putty is classified as:
- Starting. It has a large grain size and is used for the initial alignment of planes, sealing cracks and seams.
- Finishing. Fine-grained in structure, used if there is a need to apply the last layer before wallpapering. It serves for final plastering, correction of previously unnoticed defects. Creates a perfectly flat surface white color, makes it possible to give decorative trim any tones.
- Universal. It is necessary both for leveling and creating a decorating effect. It can be used almost always. There is only one limitation: in the presence of obvious and large irregularities, it is better to resort to a different variety.
Gypsum mixtures dry quickly and do not shrink The second important classification occurs according to the main element of the composition:
- Gypsum putty. According to experts, this is the most convenient and practical option, because the basis drywall sheet are gypsum and fillers that make it more durable and stable. Gypsum mixtures do not shrink, they are easily and simply leveled, they dry quite quickly. To use it, it is enough to pour water into the gypsum (the consumption can be calculated from the table below). Among the disadvantages of this mixture is the rather rapid absorption of any liquid. When it dries again, it begins to crack, so it can not be used in wet areas.
- Cement. The most moisture resistant and durable, therefore it is quite common among professional teams. It, thanks to its main component, tolerates sudden changes well. temperature regime. Suitable even for wet apartments and homes, so it can be used in the kitchen or bathroom. Among the minuses: a rather large shrinkage, therefore, if new irregularities and cracks form at the first stage, the process will have to be repeated again.
- Polymer putty. Professionals believe that it is more convenient to use than others. This type is used everywhere. It practically does not shrink, so its layer can be used as a finishing layer before applying a decorative one.
The construction mixer will help to quickly stir the mixture until smooth According to the composition of the putty, they are dry or in the form of a ready-made solution. Each has its own advantages. The finished mixture does not need to be diluted with water, it is enough to mix thoroughly.
It has the right consistency, is immediately ready to use and dries quickly, but it is somewhat more expensive than powder and must be used immediately. The dry mixture is taken in required quantity and dilute to the desired consistency.
The finished putty should be stored in a tightly closed package, but the shelf life of the dry mix is in any case higher, even if all conditions are met.
There is no definite answer to the question which putties are better. The decision should be made according to the circumstances.
Standard packing of dry mix - a bag of 25 kg. For every kilogram it is recommended to add 2 liters of water. 
Dry putty for drywall is prepared for about 30 minutes so that it does not lose its properties. Water is poured into a large basin (temperature - about +25 degrees), the mixture is carefully poured into it until it exceeds the water level by about one third.
Then you need to wait until the powder is moistened and settles. After that, it is necessary to mix the resulting mixture with a mixer (500-600 rpm) until all bubbles disappear. This can be done with a drill with a special nozzle or a stick.
The process is repeated twice with a break of 2 minutes until the resulting mixture is completely homogeneous.
Putty seams and pits should be a thick solution. It should not drip off the spatula. For finishing, a more liquid consistency is required. Such a solution is easier to stretch over the surface with a thin layer.
Drywall plastering technology
Apply the mixture according to the scheme Before applying putty for GKL, prepare the surface accordingly:
- Wipe the wall with a damp sponge or rag, thereby removing dirt, settled dust. If this is not done, the mixture simply will not lay down in the required layer.
- Apply evenly. Uneven bumps, any drips or dents should be avoided.
However, you should not use alkyd primers. Because of them, the cardboard is deformed, begins to bubble and fall off. This leads to the need to repeat everything from the very beginning.
Under the tile or tile, an adhesive composition is required, under the wallpaper - the composition deep penetration, as it will perfectly close the seam.
First you need to prepare the putty surface. To do this, check the condition of the screws, whether they are in the right places, whether they are screwed tightly. Make sure that all requirements are met, the paper is held firmly and does not peel off. It is cleaned with a drywall knife and treated with sandpaper. If there is no edge on the sheets, then it is necessary to form it by cutting the edges at an angle of 45 degrees with the same knife. After that, start applying putty.
What determines the quality of putty
Spatula along the seam The quality of the putty must comply with the manufacturer's instructions for its application:
- Putty is bred for about half an hour of work.
- Close the drywall seams that form between the sheets. To do this, two spatulas are needed: one for the set, and the second for applying the mixture. To obtain high-quality putty, it is necessary to putty along the entire seam, completely filling it with a solution. Do not allow bumps, uneven dents or holes. Carefully avoid streaks, otherwise the work will have to be redone.
- Putty self-tapping screws. The solution is applied immediately both along and across in the form of a small cross. This method allows you to completely fill the available space.
- Remove and putty in two stages internal corners. First, one side of the corner is removed, and then, after the putty has hardened, the composition is applied to the second side.
- Proceed to finishing putty, thanks to which it is achieved flawlessly Smooth surface. For this use finishing putty, which is applied in a thin layer with a wide spatula. Sometimes several thin layers are performed.
- After drying, the surface is polished to a perfectly smooth state. Check the quality of the putty by applying a wide spatula or rail to the surface. If there are no gaps, the surface is flat. Detailed description See all the details in this video:
Selection and purchase of putty
Choose mixtures in specialized stores When buying, it is important to choose high-quality putty. It is sold in closed packages, and it will not work to find out what quality it is. At the stage of preparation for the purchase, it makes sense to get acquainted with the reviews of professional repairmen and amateurs who used the compositions of various manufacturers. It is better to purchase in specialized stores, after consulting with the seller.
Before you buy this or that composition, read the instructions, find out what it is intended for and what properties it has.
Be sure to find out for which putty surfaces it is suitable.
If a bad mixture is purchased, it is allowed on the first layer, the base one, and a better one is used for the finish. To buy a quality dry mix, you can test it by buying only a few kilograms to start with.
It is difficult to unequivocally decide which putty is better for drywall, since in some cases it is more expedient to use a gypsum composition, while in others it is necessary to use a waterproof material.
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