Horizontal septic tank for high groundwater. Septic tanks for summer cottages with a high level of groundwater: recommendations and detailed instructions for selection and installation. Plastic, combined materials

Options for septic tanks for cottages with a high level of groundwater

To date, it is easy to choose the optimal model of a septic tank, which will allow you to deal with the seemingly unsolvable problem that has arisen at first glance. These can be septic tanks for high groundwater with horizontal and vertical housings with different volumes and performance, as well as made of different materials.

• Septic tank of a bulk field of utilization
  This is a rather simplified technology, which consists in the fact that the infiltrator or filter cassette, with a significant height of groundwater, is installed on the surface of the earth, and not at the level of the septic tank. This will make some adjustments to the landscape design in the form of a formed mound, but it can be decorated with available means, for example, in the form of an alpine hill.
• Storage tanks
  Option for cottages with occasional visits. The material of manufacture is fiberglass, capable of withstanding impressive external loads. The disadvantage of the storage tank is that the collected wastewater should be removed from it independently or using the equipment of a sewage machine.
• Deep biological treatment station
  The easiest way out of the situation, which avoids any difficulties. The absolutely hermetic body of such a septic tank, in particular TOPAS and ASTRA, allows for the deepest clarification of wastewater, which is then discharged into a ditch or onto a relief.

Installation of a septic tank

In choosing any option, you should clearly follow the recommendations for installing a septic tank in a country house with high groundwater.

An important condition is the reliable sealing of the unit housing. In the case of choosing the cheapest option, as a filling tank, it will be necessary to create additional structural elements, as a result of which the complexity of sealing increases significantly. And this is fraught with the penetration of effluents into groundwater and contamination of drinking water sources on the territory of a suburban area.

It is mandatory to retreat from the foundation of the house at a certain distance, preferably at least 15 meters, so that the movement of the underground layers does not damage the foundation of the building.

There is a risk of the installation being squeezed out of the ground, which requires additional "anchoring" of the station body. The "anchoring" procedure consists in pouring the bottom of the pit with concrete, thus creating a heavy cushion with a thickness of at least 25 cm. Simultaneously with pouring into the cement mixture, hinges or anchor bolts are mounted, which will then be used to securely fix the station body by means of elastic belts.

The pit itself is dug out in such a way that a gap of up to 30 cm wide remains between its walls and the septic tank itself. Subsequently, a mixture of sand and cement should be poured into it in a ratio of 5: 1, while simultaneously filling the tank with water at the same level, and then carefully compacting the layers . Such prevention will allow not only to keep the station itself, but also the walls of the pit in the original geometry.

Additional problems of high groundwater

• The most serious problem in this situation is that it is not possible to use soil filtration for post-treatment. They are necessary if you decide to abandon the deep biological treatment plant. Otherwise, you will have to use the services of sewers more than once during the season. Or create above-ground filtration fields. This is a dubious way out, because. associated with additional costs in the form of the acquisition of drainage pumps, unpleasant odors and significant changes to the landscape design.
• Due to the high waterlogging of the soil, it is recommended to carefully insulate the inlet and outlet pipelines with synthetic materials.

Important!

• The cheapest option will require impressive physical effort and a lot of time.
• A finished sewer station is seen as a more costly option. However, it provides less hassle, both in installation and during operation.

Septic tanks for summer cottages with a high level of groundwater - we make a choice

One of the factors influencing the choice of a septic tank and the features of its installation is such a geological characteristic of the site as the groundwater level. In many territories of Russia, this mark is less than a meter from the surface of the earth, which complicates the local sewerage equipment or renders it unusable.

What are the difficulties associated with high GWL?

Problems with a closely spaced primer can arise both during the installation phase and during the operation of the wastewater disposal system.

1. Almost 90% of the installation of a septic tank is associated with digging and preparing the pit, as well as backfilling. Working while standing in the water is quite difficult and uncomfortable.

2. Difficulties arise with the arrangement of soil post-treatment. The way out is to build a filter layer above the ground. However, such designs will not work without the use of forced pumping of wastewater from the septic tank.

3. With a high GWL, it is difficult to install concrete rings, which are one of the most common materials for arranging local sewage. Prefabricated concrete septic tanks often lose their tightness, and in high primer conditions this will lead not only to environmental pollution, but also to groundwater infiltration into the tank. As a result, you will have to call the sewer machine more often to empty the drive, or the settling process in the septic tank that cleans the drains will be disrupted.

Note! Do not underestimate the flooding of the septic tank, since the water, along with the drains, will eventually be forced back into the external pipeline and even the house sewer.

4. Plastic containers are light in weight, so they can float under the action of groundwater. This often leads to a rupture of the sewer line. Prevention of ascent - installation of the container on a concrete base and fastening to it.

To avoid difficulties, reduce them, or at least mentally prepare for them, you need to find out in advance at what depth the groundwater passes, and then install.

How to determine the level of passage of the primer?

The maximum soil moisture occurs during the period of autumn rains or snowmelt. For this reason, it is worth finding out the depth of the primer in spring or autumn. In most cases, reconnaissance is carried out even at the stage of building a house, but this can also be done after the house is inhabited.

There are several methods.

1. The easiest way is to look into the well, which is located on the site and is fed by groundwater. The distance to the water surface from the surface of the earth is the desired depth.

   

2. Vegetation can be appreciated. If moisture-loving representatives of the flora grow on the site, for example, horsetail, alder, this is an indicator of soil watering.

   

   

3. The most accurate method is to drill several observation wells at least 150 cm deep.

   

4. You can also ask neighbors.

   

It is recommended to resort to several methods, which will increase the accuracy of the determination. If exploration has shown that waters rise close to the surface of the earth at least seasonally, then several rules must be observed to equip a waste disposal station.

Features of the construction of local sewerage at high GWL

The simplest option for arranging a waste disposal system is to install a storage tank that is not buried in the ground, which will additionally save effort, time and materials. But such a tank will take up a lot of precious space and is only suitable for small country houses in which no more than 3 people live and some sanitary equipment is installed. Otherwise, you can go broke on the calls of the sewage machine.

For large houses, the drive is not suitable, so you will need to install a soil treatment plant or a wastewater biotreatment station.

The arrangement of such systems on watered soil has its own characteristics at each of the stages:

First you need to decide on the material. It is not recommended to build a prefabricated tank, consisting, for example, of concrete rings, since the seams are prone to loss of tightness. It is best to use plastic containers.

plastic septic tank

You can buy both ready-made tanks, and use, for example, used eurocubes.

A number of rules must also be observed when organizing the evacuation of wastewater from a septic tank.

Often, the presence of such a large list of rules and subtleties when installing a septic tank in areas with a high GWL forces owners to refuse self-installation by contacting professionals. This is the right decision that can save you from unnecessary expenses and work. So, if the septic tank has already surfaced, you will have to pump out effluent from it, dismantle it, flush the tank and reinstall it.

Topas septic tank prices

septic tank Topas

DKS septic tanks for soils with high GWL

Topas - septic tank with aerobic cleaning

Utilization of wastewater in a wetland is productive if it is technically justified to choose a septic tank: a high groundwater level (GWL) puts forward a number of conditions for the structural qualities of VOCs. In addition, a high groundwater level imposes restrictions on installation and maintenance on a septic tank. The specificity of treatment requires compliance with the basic requirements: a high rate of wastewater treatment and reliable operation of the installation. This is possible with the industrial assembly of VOCs, as well as the use of high quality materials, which is achieved only in the factory. Individually, it is impossible to build a septic tank that meets the standards - the high level of groundwater exposes the product to constant contact with aggressive drains from the inside, as well as extreme exposure to external factors.

Non-volatile septic tanks

Biological treatment stations

Autonomous sewerage

The climatic features of most of the territory of Russia are characterized by an increased GWL (0.4-0.5 m), which affects the choice of a septic tank for giving at a high level of groundwater. The requirements governing the choice of a septic tank at a high level of groundwater have been established:

• - obligatory determination of dimensions, productivity, volume, mass, etc.;
• - energy dependence (or self-management);
• - the integrity of the multi-chamber (mono) housing, which guarantees the tightness of the entire installation;
• - increased tensile strength of materials;
• - resistance to mechanical influence and extreme temperature indicators (provided by stiffening ribs and wall thickness);
• - inertness to microorganisms, chemically active components polluting drains.
• - not susceptibility to corrosion;
• - equipping the hull with fasteners for the possibility of fixing it and preventing it from emerging, etc.

The choice of a septic tank at a high level of groundwater can also be of an accumulative single-chamber type with periodic selection of wastewater, as an alternative to functional VOCs.

Filtration field for a septic tank with a high GWL.

The filtration field for a septic tank is equipped for the final (practically 100%) additional treatment of sewage before soaking it into the ground. It is taken into account that the filtration field for a septic tank assumes the presence of a large area. An alternative is a more compact storage tank that accumulates purified water used for technical and economic purposes. Designs with sewage treatment with biomaterial are considered the most promising. All processes take place in a closed case, and the final cleaning products - sludge and liquid are considered environmentally friendly for people and nature. The service life of biosystems, with proper use, is the highest, while the filtration field for a septic tank is not operated for long, needing to be replaced as it becomes silted.

It is preferable to install a septic tank at a high level of groundwater in frozen ground. Underground currents "hide" below the freezing mark, do not interfere with the formation of a pit, a route for the pipeline. Installation of a septic tank at a high level of groundwater in winter conditions is an occasion to participate in seasonal discounts and promotions that make treatment systems “affordable” for an ordinary user. Lightweight polymer tanks should be fixed, properly filled, ensuring the distances established by the standards, while filling with water. It is difficult to do this without special skills. Employees of the required skill level will not only competently carry out the installation of a septic tank at a high level of groundwater, but will also connect, if necessary, power units to remove and move the liquid.

Installing a septic tank at a high level of groundwater or passing above the average puts forward additional requirements for the tank. Today, only high-quality polymers guarantee that installation of a septic tank at a high level of groundwater does not harm the environment, because. the body is completely sealed. Other benefits:

• - inertness to chemical and biological changes;
• - availability in acquisition;
• - durability (up to 50 years of operation);
• - ease of transportation, installation;
• - variations of various designs, etc.

Installing a septic tank at a high level of groundwater made of polymers is a reasonable solution to the problem of draining runoff from "problem" soils.

The choice of a septic tank with a high level of groundwater.

It is necessary to install a septic tank at high groundwater, taking into account the mandatory maintenance, its frequency, and in case of violation of the operating technology and the possibility of repair. A septic tank with high groundwater of complex design requires the involvement of specialists for work. In various installations, on average, maintenance is carried out every 4 months or even more often. The mode of operation of biological installations is regulated by automation, characterized by a six-month interval between service work. To understand which septic tank at high groundwater is suitable for a particular case, specialized specialists will help to position it correctly on the site.

Owners of private houses and cottages located in regions with high soil moisture are well aware of how difficult it is to equip a local sewer in such extreme conditions. The high level of groundwater is the reason for the high cost, because to ensure complete wastewater treatment, a special septic tank is required, which provides post-treatment of clarified sewer water.

A high level of groundwater is considered to be their location at a depth of a meter or more relative to the soil surface. If we compare this indicator with the requirements of SNIP - a special technical document that is supposed to be guided by during the construction of sewers, it becomes obvious that immersing a septic tank to the required depth in such conditions is quite problematic.

There is, of course, a way out. Specialists have long developed engineering structures that allow you to easily use sewers with high groundwater. However, the owners need to be prepared for additional financial costs and an increased volume of construction work.

In short, a septic tank is a part of the sewer system that provides the outflow and storage of polluted domestic and utility water, as well as fecal effluents.

With a sufficiently clean sewer (without connecting toilets to a common drainage system), the septic tank may have a filtering bottom and walls to ensure that liquid is slowly absorbed into the soil surrounding the structure. This technique makes it easier to maintain the sewer - it is required to clean the drain much less often. In other cases, safety for humans and the environment is ensured through the use of sealed septic tanks. Pressurized drains are pumped out regularly, depending on the intensity of use of the sewer.

Danger of incorrect placement

When placing a septic tank in soil with a high water table, there are two main problems.

Danger of environmental pollution in case of violation of the tightness of the structure. Runoff water, mixing with groundwater, enters drinking water or penetrates garden beds and garden plots. Such unsanitary conditions are the reason for the spread of infectious diseases dangerous to human health. In addition, drinking water loses transparency and taste.

The second problem is related to the destruction of the septic tank or the so-called ascent. Obviously, a safe septic tank is a sealed container. Manufacturers make such structures from polyethylene, polypropylene, fiberglass. All of these materials are lightweight. A septic tank can float up during a flood or be squeezed out of the ground when it freezes (soil heaving). The displacement of the structure is the cause of depressurization of the drain pipes. This also leads to environmental pollution and additional repair work to restore the sewer.