Features of installing windows in stone, frame and wooden houses. Installing wooden windows is a simple process Installing windows in a stone house

Wooden windows are practical and durable. If the windows were installed by professionals and they did it flawlessly, the products are properly maintained, then the window owners will use them for many years.

For people who prefer to do everything with their own hands, the specialists of our company have prepared the following instructions.

Fixing the box with dowels

When inserting wooden windows, it is better to fix them with a dowel through and through. Nothing presses on the box if, when mounting it in the opening, it is leveled. A dowel with a hollow sleeve will allow its original location relative to the opening to remain. This method differs from fastening with anchor plates- some deformation is possible with them. The dowel shoulder is a stopper that prevents the screw from moving towards the wall. Also, with a dowel, the window frame will not overtighten accidentally and will not bend - this method differs from fastening with spacers. For fastening with a dowel, you do not need a special tool or special nozzles - this is how it differs from fastening with a universal self-tapping screw. By hiding the screw head under decorative plastic caps, you can hide defects such as chipped wood.

Workers performing the installation are required to adjust the fittings wooden windows. After all, sometimes it is regulation that can reduce certain production shortcomings - the wrong geometry of the beam, minor defects due to violated parameters. It is necessary to carefully select the point of the box for the hole where the dowel and screw will be screwed. In the profile of the box - 4-step section. So, you can drill only at one step - the 2nd from the inner surface. If you drill at the first step, the beam will bend. At the 3rd and 4th steps, it will fall under the influence of precipitation, and the screw will rust.

Wall opening preparation

A wall opening is preliminarily prepared in a stone or wooden house. Often at construction sites they practice the use of a box as a component of the formwork - this is how a window lintel is arranged. It is forbidden to wall up the window frame in order to fix the window in the opening during installation. As a result, the window is tightly crimped, there are no technological gaps and mandatory insulation. Bad: the window is loaded with wall structures and does not work properly. Examples of window mounting - in fig. 1 and 2.

Rice. 1. Installation of a window frame in an opening without a quarter:
a - a window opening without a quarter; b - window frame: (1 - drain; 2 - window sill; 3 - plank; 4 - thermal insulation layer; 5 - box plank)

Rice. 2. Installation of the window box in the opening with a quarter:
a - a window opening with a quarter; b - window box (1 - mounting box; 2 - drain; 3 - thermal insulation layer; 4 - insulation; 5 - window sill; 6 - plank)

It is supposed to leave openings for windows with parameters slightly larger than the external parameters of the window frame. The width of the box is 2-4 cm less than the width of the window opening, and its height is 6-8 cm more (the difference is 1-2 cm in the upper part, and 6 cm in the lower part). The opening angles are 90°. The difference in the length of the diagonals is no more than 1 cm. In the case when the opening in the wall is too big, you have to spend insulating material in a larger volume. If the angles of 90° are violated, the box will be skewed. The smoothness of the internal surfaces of the opening is obligatory - there should be no recesses. It is necessary to achieve perfect evenness and horizontal position of the bottom surface of the opening. The layer of material for her is dense. Thickness internal waterproofing- more than the thickness of the window frame.

The insertion depth of the window is carefully verified - this is due to the need to pass the dew point isotherm (10 ° C) inside the structure. This prevents condensation from forming inside the window. If the wall is thermally insulated by laying a layer of mineral wool or foam plastic, then this layer will become a limiter for passing the dew point isotherm. In this regard, the level of installation of the window is precisely the level of the thermal insulation layer. It is technologically and conveniently to mount the window using a mounting block, as in fig. 3.

Rice. 3. Mounting the window on the mounting block:
1, 2, 6 - mounting block; 3 - window opening without a quarter; 4 - waterproofing layer; 5 - block fasteners; 7 - dowel; 8 - waterproofing layer

Make an indent in the opening, parallel to the outer edge of the wall. Then, the mounting block (height - no more than 5 cm) treated with an antiseptic solution is fixed horizontally, and waterproofing from below. It is possible to facilitate the installation of the window by initially removing the sashes. window box mounted on the mounting block, then expose its sides through the level to the desired position. Fix the box using wedges. It is important to observe an equal gap from the edges of the opening to the window frame. See fig. four.

Rice. 4. Places for fixing the box in the window opening

Rice. 4a. Places for fixing the box in the window opening

It is recommended to fasten windows with mounting plates - companies complete windows with them or they can be made separately. Before the box is mounted in the window opening, the mounting plates are mounted in the middle on the box from 2 sides, measuring 25 cm from the corners. If the window size is 1.5 meters, 2 more mounting plates are placed in the center of the sides. They are fixed on the box (fasteners - galvanized wood screws, 4x40). Having initially installed the box, having fixed it with wedges, the mounting plates are fixed on the wall with dowels - as in fig. 5.

Rice. 5. Fixing the window with mounting plates:
1 - wood screw; 2 - mounting plate; 3 - dowel

Fastening with "wood chopsticks"

If there are no dowels, you can use "chopics" made of wood. This type mounts are more suitable for wooden houses. First, they are hammered into the wall - the placement height is similar to the height of the mounting plates fasteners. The use of wood screws (8x100) is justified here. Occasionally, the window is fixed with a dowel through the box, see fig. 6.

Rice. 6. Fixing the window with screws and dowels

Insulation

Having fixed the window, pull out the wedges to support the box, again check the dimensions of the diagonals of the box, whether they are perpendicular to the plane. Among the properties of wooden windows are low heat transfer, windproofness, and moisture resistance. In order for the window to have the indicated characteristics, it is necessary to isolate the window opening using mounting foam - after application, it will expand, filling the gaps. It is imperative to more clearly dose the amount of foam released into the slot - if not controlled, then the excess will burst the surface and deform the box. This can be avoided by using a plank spacer or a gymnastics bar - its length is adjustable. Many people are skeptical about polyurethane foam as a universal material, they use other materials for insulation. Isolate sometimes waste synthetic fibers, glass or mineral fibers sealed in polyethylene can also be used.

The box is covered with a uniform layer of insulation that does not have gaps. Its thickness should be the same everywhere. The outer side along the gap is processed waterproofing material. Pay special attention to the gap along the bottom of the frame, metal joints and corners! For their waterproofing, resistant elastic putties based on silicone are good. When the foam hardens, the window sashes are hung - they check how the window works, adjust the fittings and lubricate the moving elements according to the instructions. When opening or deflecting window sashes, the movement must be frictionless and extra effort. It is necessary to check the equal fit of their surfaces along the window perimeter to the surface of the box.

Hardware setup

Common plastic structures are actively beginning to give way to wooden counterparts. Installing wooden windows is gaining popularity as wood compares favorably with plastic structures properties of environmental friendliness and the ability to "breathe". You can install wooden windows in the house yourself, observing the correct technology. The installation technique is almost identical to the installation of PVC structures, with the exception of some nuances, which we will discuss below.

Front of installation work

In order to make a high-quality installation of wooden windows yourself, you need to break the work into small steps thanks to which independent domestic work will turn into success. So:

we clean the window opening and take accurate measurements;
install a window in the opening;
fix the installed structure;
create isolation;
adjusting and setting up fittings;
We are doing trim work.

circuit diagram wood window installation

The technology of work will be the same regardless of where the installation takes place: be it windows in frame house or apartment. Intending to carry out the installation of windows in the house, it is advisable to complete the main stages of construction in order to avoid additional pollution. By the way, the installation of wooden windows will be inexpensive. One installation will cost approximately 3 thousand rubles, excluding cost Supplies.

Preparing the window opening

To begin with, the window opening is cleared of the remnants of past plaster and other technical residues. When brickwork, in which voids have formed due to the destroyed material, it is recommended to eliminate them.

First you need to carefully and carefully prepare the window opening

Principle preparatory phase is to adjust to the right sizes, which must be carried out with great care, avoiding noticeable errors. All surfaces are cleaned of elements of past plaster and other residues. The installation of wooden windows in accordance with GOST provides for a gap of a fixed width along the perimeter of the box, which, upon completion of the alignment of the entire structure, is filled inside the openings mounting foam.

Installation of a wooden window according to GOST provides for the presence of gaps between the frame and the opening

It is not recommended to leave unnecessarily large gaps in the edge areas, preferring a width of 10 to 15 mm, so that subsequently the voids can be well foamed. On the bottom window construction leave a gap within 40-50 mm. Such a nuance is necessary for the high-quality alignment of windows inside the openings. Always remember that before the stage of installing windows in the openings, the geometry and dimensions are first checked. This step allows you to achieve the correct work, excluding possible distortion and disproportion of parts.

Sometimes craftsmen violate technological points by making wall lintels incorrectly, since the window opening is used as a formwork with a window immured inside. Such actions lead to additional financial costs equal to the price of a new design, because the window frame is very tightly placed between the edges.

If we neglect the technological principles of installation, the design will soon require replacement

In extreme cases, it may be necessary to completely dismantle wooden windows. Do not forget the GOST recommendations regarding clearances, then the work is guaranteed to be successful.

End-to-End Method

When installing wooden windows, the through-mounting method is often used, which involves the use of dowels in the work. The method is characterized by low cost and relative simplicity, allowing you to do the installation of the window yourself. Upon completion of the installation work, the fixed box will be completely immobile inside the window opening and will be reliably protected from the influence of factors external environment.

Through installation of wooden window blocks is simple and cheap

Avoid accidental distortions different kind displacements and deformations of the structure during installation work. The use of dowels provides strength of fixation, which cannot be achieved with anchor bolts. Since the dowels are presented in the form of a hollow sleeve, it is impossible for the screws to penetrate deep into the wall. Perhaps these are the main advantages of the through-mounting system, which make it very popular among installers and customers.

It is worth mentioning the secondary advantages. Firstly, the installation of windows using the through method will please you with minimal financial costs. Secondly, it does not require special tools, allowing you to get by with a set of existing ones. In the process of work, it is only necessary to make holes with a drill, fix the dowels and, finally, attach decorative plastic caps over the screws.

Holes for dowels are made with a drill

Using the through method, when installing windows, attention must be paid to right choice the places where the holes for the dowels will be. The four-stage section of the profiles of window structures allows drilling holes at an exceptionally uniform level. It should be borne in mind that experts strongly do not recommend making holes in different places..

Mounting blocks for window installation

Do-it-yourself installation of wooden windows involves the use of mounting blocks, which makes the process inexpensive and quick to perform. Mostly used pads, the thickness of which is 50 mm. They are a block of wood impregnated with an antiseptic, which is installed on a waterproofing layer. The arrangement is made exclusively horizontal, running parallel to the upper edge of the window structure. In order to ensure correct actions during installation, it is first necessary to free the window frame from frames and other components.

To install windows on the pads, a perfectly even opening is required

The structure is installed inside the mounting block, using a laser or a simple level, carefully checking the levels on each side. It is desirable to make the upper and side gaps the same, leaving 10-20 mm each. The number of pads can be determined using graphic image With possible options accommodation.

Mounting with plates

Plates can be made independently, although many window manufacturers include them in the package. A simple technique is designed to make fixation and fastening especially strong. The method is very simple to perform: the plates are screwed with screws to the window frame on both sides, placing two of them on the top, and two on the bottom.

The plates provide a secure fixation of the window.

In the case when the window exceeds 1.5 meters in height, two additional plates are attached to the center of the product. As the wedging of the body inside the opening is completed, the plates protruding from both sides are fixed along the edge of the openings with screws with dowels. Before foaming the seams of a wooden window, protruding wedges can be pulled out. But it should be borne in mind that subsequently it will be necessary to carry out an additional check for the correct horizontal position of the case.

There is another simple way to install wooden windows yourself, which is highly reliable and durable, which we will consider further. When installing wooden windows with double-glazed windows or glass, they must be removed, which is very easy to do: the glazing beads are carefully separated and the glass is carefully pulled out.

Mounting the frame on self-tapping screws is carried out without glass - it is installed last

Further, on the sides and along the top of the inner surface of the frame, places for holes are marked, followed by drilling. Before you start drilling, the frame must be inserted into place and carefully aligned with a level. After that, the self-tapping screws are screwed in, taking into account that they can be moved without effort, since the body has yet to be adjusted according to vertical and horizontal indicators. Finally, a double-glazed window is installed and the structure is cleaned of contaminants.

Isolate wooden windows

The correct technology for installing wooden windows provides minimum thermal conductivity and excellent insulation, protecting the room from moisture and air masses. It is important to consider that a high degree of the listed characteristics is achieved by the increased cost of the window, since in order to create a high-quality thermal insulation system, it is necessary to conduct it around the entire perimeter of the case. This should be given preference polyurethane foam for mounting, which is easy to buy in most specialized stores.

The thermal insulation of the installed window block made of wood is performed using foam

When filling the space with foam, it is necessary to monitor the thickness of the applied layer, which along the edge part should not go too far when expanding. Excess foam will only stain the space and lead to a banal overrun. It is also necessary to control the humidity, since the ingress of water is unacceptable to ensure the coupling and reliability of work.

Even a rookie will be able to insert wooden windows on his own and with high quality. The main thing is to follow the basic rules and move step by step without missing important details.

The time for the plastic craze is over. Traditional wooden windows are gradually returning to homes. When choosing a design for their own home, everyone understands that double-glazed windows can be installed not only in plastic frames but also in wood. Moreover, they will last almost as long as plastic, but the quality of the structure will be completely different. In addition, wooden windows are quite subject to self-installation. It will take patience, accuracy and minimal carpentry skills.

Why choose wooden windows?

Wooden structures are literally experiencing a rebirth. The popularity of the material created by nature itself is explained very simply. Wooden windows have many advantages:

Environmental friendliness. Glass and wood, which are part of the structure, are completely safe for human health. They do not emit toxic substances either in their normal state or in the event of a fire.
Excellent thermal insulation. Wood has a low coefficient of thermal conductivity. Even in the most severe frosts, it perfectly retains heat in the room.
Soundproofing. The tree prevents the spread sound waves, therefore, wooden frames have a higher noise insulation coefficient than plastic ones.
Breathability. Microscopic pores of wood promote natural air circulation between the room and the street. In a room with wooden frames there will always be fresh air and normal humidity, which is absolutely impossible for sealed plastic structures.
Durability. Natural material is well adapted to harsh climatic conditions.
Various impregnations perfectly protect the frames from decay and other adverse factors, which further increases the durability of the structure.
Aesthetics and attractive appearance. Natural designs are combined with almost any interior, giving the room a feeling of warmth and comfort.
Possibility of repair. Accidentally caused scratches and small dents on the frames and window sill can be easily masked with putty and paint.

Where to start?

If you intend to insert a window in a stone house, then you should start by knocking down the plaster from the upper section of the window opening and slopes. The operation is performed in order to determine whether there is a lintel in the opening. Unfortunately, quite often builders, trying to save time or simply “cheat”, did not mount this important detail. Plot way bearing wall rested directly on the window casing. If there is no lintel, work must be suspended and the builders should be contacted for help in correcting a defect that is dangerous for the structure.

However, in a very old building there may not be a lintel either. According to the technologies of that time, the builders used the so-called stone or brick castle. Such designs are strong enough, so the work begun can be safely continued. There will be no lintels in concrete walls either. Slab monoliths made on reinforced concrete structures are made with ready-made window openings and do not need additional elements. Wooden houses also do without a lintel. They are either erected in a log house, or performed on a frame. In any case, window openings are not heavily loaded, so they do not need additional reinforcement.

How to order a design

Deciding to install a wooden window yourself, first of all, you should choose a manufacturer. To do this, you should get acquainted with the products of available companies, communicate, if possible, with their customers and, after analyzing the information received, make the final choice. When going to the office to place an order, you should remember that in addition to the desired sizes, a number of other points should be agreed upon:

A design configuration that includes opening methods and the number of leaves.
Type of wood for the frame, most often it is oak, larch or pine.
The presence and type of fittings: latches, locks, handles, hinges, limiters for opening doors and mosquito nets.
The number of chambers in the ordered double-glazed window, the thickness of the glasses. If desired, you can choose double glazing.
Seal material.
Color, dimensions and material for the ebb and the window sill.

Another important nuance- measurements of the future design. The functionality and appearance of the window depend on the correctness of their implementation. You can take measurements yourself, but if there is even the slightest doubt in your abilities, it is better to invite a specialist measurer working in a company that will manufacture windows. For self-measurements Special attention should pay attention to the following factors:

The window block needs to be made smaller than the opening. The gap from the sides and top should be 10-20 mm, it will compensate for all sorts of irregularities in the window opening. In addition, insulation and sealant will be laid in it to isolate the seam.
In the lower part of the structure, the size of the gap is determined differently: we add 10-20 mm to the width of the window sill, since the window sill will be brought under the frame.
Measurements of the height and width of the opening are necessarily carried out at three points: in the middle and along the edges. For greater accuracy, you can also measure the diagonals.
If the slopes are plastered, you should check how wide the plaster layer is. Very big it is better to beat off. Otherwise, it may turn out that the opening is much wider than the frame prepared for installation.
The so-called opening "with a quarter", that is, with a protrusion of the outer part of the wall directed inward, should close the frame by 10-15 mm around the entire perimeter from the outside.

Preparing for installation

Preparation for the installation of a new window frame begins with complete dismantling old. The structure is removed as carefully as possible so as not to damage the opening. At the end of the work, the surface is completely cleaned of dust and dirt. A new window block is carefully examined for possible minor factory defects: irregularities in the frame geometry, distortions, etc. Once discovered, they can be minimized with competent installation, using the technological gap between the opening and the frame for adjustments.

Experts warn against a fairly common mistake during installation, when window openings are used as a formwork structure for making wall lintels. Thus, the window frame is simply “walled up” in the opening and loses the ability to function in normal mode. The lack of insulation and gaps in such a structure significantly increases the load on the window.

Another extremely important point: Precise determination of the installation depth of the window in the opening. The outer slope should not be less than 10 cm, and the inner one - 17 cm. The installation depth must be consistent with the length (“thickness”) of the frame. It should be such that the dew point is located between the panes. This is the only way to avoid condensation on the windows. To correctly choose the length of the frame, it can be conditionally equated to the value of the average sub-zero temperature the coldest month of the year in the area.

This value should not be less than 12 cm and more than 22 cm. If the value is greater than 22 cm, additional thermal insulation or triple glazing is provided. It should be borne in mind that a thin double-glazed window in a long frame will not give any effect. It is better to put double thin glazing, you get a four-chamber double-glazed window with excellent thermal insulation and no problems with fogging. True, this option will be quite expensive.

Dowel mounting

Mounting on dowels is one of the most popular ways self installation wooden windows. The advantages of this method are that the box, after installation in the opening, will not be exposed to mechanical influences(distortions and bends) and will not change its position, as is the case with installation with anchors. In addition, hollow dowels are excellent natural stoppers, which allows the box to be held at a given level without unwanted displacements. Another advantage of through-hole installation is the installation without the use of special tools. Chips near the screws, which are possible during the installation process, are well hidden by special decorative plugs.

Work is carried out in the following order:

We are preparing an opening. It should be as even and smooth as possible. Using a chisel, we eliminate all kinds of defects, trying to level the surface as much as possible. We clean the opening from dirt and dust. We outline the location of the structure. We apply sealant to the bottom of the opening and lay the sealant directly on it.
We install the box and wedged it with wooden pegs. The easiest way to do this is to first remove the sashes from the window structure. Using a level, we align the frame, placing blocks if necessary.
We fix the structure with dowels. We drill the profile together with the frame to the opening. We insert the dowel and fasten the self-tapping screw.
We install the previously removed sashes in place. We put them on the hinges and, lifting them, put them into the frame.
We carry out insulation work. Their implementation will depend on what material is supposed to be used as an insulator. Most often it is mounting foam. It is evenly, without interruption, applied around the entire perimeter of the structure. We blow the gap in two or three passes with small "sausages" of foam from the middle and inward, and then in the same way, but from the middle and outward. So the composition will be distributed most evenly and the pressure created by it will not lead the frame. You can also install a special restrictive spacer from the board to avoid excessive foam. You can protect the gaps from temperature changes with the help of a properly selected sealed compression tape.
We adjust the mechanism. The operation should be performed simultaneously at several points, while adhering to the manufacturer's recommendations. All metal elements be sure to lubricate. We install the necessary accessories.
We mount the window sill and proceed to finishing. Trim excess dried foam and cover the insulator cement mortar. Sections can be additionally protected from the harmful effects of sunlight with a special tape, which also ensures the tightness of the structure. Using silicone putty, we perform waterproofing on the outside of the frame and install ebbs.

Mounting block method

This installation method is somewhat different from the one already described. For work, mounting blocks are used, the height of which is 50 mm. Before installation, they are impregnated with an antiseptic solution and fixed to the waterproofing so that the elements are located strictly horizontally and parallel to the outer edge of the wall. The window frame is freed from the sashes and installed on the mounting blocks. Then, with a laser tape measure or level, the vertical and horizon are verified on all sides of the window frame. If necessary, the structure is leveled. After obtaining a satisfactory result, the box is wedged, making sure that the distances from the structure to the edges of the opening are strictly the same. You need to know that there are several ways to arrange the mounting blocks in the opening. Each of them is designed for a specific window design.

Mounting on plates

Often window blocks are equipped with special plates for installation, if necessary, they are made by hand. The method assumes a strong and secure fastening ram. The plates are attached on both sides of the box, retreating 25 cm from the edge. At the same time, the element should “look” inside the room, since it will be fixed on inner part opening. A window over 1.5 m high must be secured with additional plates on each edge. First, the part is fixed to the opening and the frame with self-tapping screws: on the one hand, to the frame, and on the other, to the opening. After installing the box in its intended place, it is fixed with wedges, leveled and only then finally fixed.

Features of installation in brick and block houses

In buildings of this type, it is advisable to start installation from the windowsill. An exception is the subsequent installation of the window block on the mounting plates. In this case, the window sill board is mounted later. They do the same in the case of an attached window sill, which experts consider less durable. The canvas is laid on a previously installed and horizontally aligned cement pad. They nail it with three or four nails to the mortgage or dowel-nails directly to the stone. In this case, you should drill in the window sill before installing a hole with a diameter of three quarters of the diameter of the nail.

Three holes will be enough: the extreme ones should recede from the corners by 150-200 mm, the third one in the middle. According to the marks obtained, places in the wall are marked for the sleeves of mounting nails. Holes are drilled and shells are driven into them. It is necessary to ensure that the outer edge of the board is flush with the outer edge of the frame. If the masonry is made with a quarter, the following operation must be performed. Directly on the inside of the quarter, insulation made of polyurethane foam or roofing material is laid. You can just stick it on the silicone, because later it will be additionally pressed window frame. Next, you should choose the installation method, which depends on the type of opening:

Smooth opening in the wall good quality. After making sure that the opening is a rectangle, albeit with minimal deviations, you can install the window on the mounting blocks. This method is considered the cheapest and easiest.
Smooth opening in the wall of low quality. In this case the best option will be the installation of the window unit through the method of through installation.
Oblique opening in the wall of any quality. Owners of such openings should be aware that it is possible to securely mount a wooden window into a skewed structure only with the help of mounting strips. There are tips for leveling the openings with a cement screed before installing the window. Experts warn that this will not work. The screed will not be able to stop uneven shrinkage and eliminate the problem.

Installation of a wooden window in a wooden opening

The technology of work differs from those already described. The installation of the structure consists in planting the window block in the casing on liquid nails. If this method of fastening seems doubtful, you can additionally grab the frames through with self-tapping screws or nails. Internal and external cracks, holes with fastening heads are sealed with liquid nails. The platbands are also attached, which are necessarily additionally fixed with self-tapping screws or nails.

If the casing is skewed or does not fit, it must be adjusted or leveled. For this, boards, slats or bars are used on liquid nails. Before installation, the selected parts are driven onto a wedge, using a small circular with a finely toothed circle for this, planer or an ordinary hacksaw for metal, but with a very fine tooth. A window box is installed in the prepared casing and securely fixed.

Wooden windows are in no way inferior in their performance characteristics to plastic ones, and even surpass them in some indicators. Wooden structures are steadily gaining popularity among developers and those who decide to renovate their homes. Window blocks can be installed independently. Careful study of instructions, manufacturer's recommendations and minimal carpentry skills will be required. All efforts will be rewarded: carefully installed windows more than one year they will delight with their impeccable service.

Windows perform a function not only protective from external factors and weather conditions, but also allow you to create a unified style and interior in the house. Wooden windows are very popular due to their reliability, quality, aesthetic appearance and environmental friendliness. The most important advantage of such windows is the preservation natural air exchange between the room and the street, which means that the microclimate that is most comfortable for health will always be maintained in the house. Moreover, they meet all quality standards, possessing excellent technical and operational characteristics, and in terms of noise and heat insulation are superior plastic double-glazed windows. The durability of wooden windows is related to the right choice and gluing high-quality wood, processed on modern equipment and fully prepared for installation in your home.

Stages of installation of wooden windows

Let's take a step-by-step look at all the processes required for quality installation windows in apartment buildings and private stone cottages.

The first and one of the important processes is the departure of the measurer, for the correct and accurate taking of all sizes, taking into account not only the main measurements of the openings, but also the type of walls, their curvature and even the floor, the location of the window. After that, the manufacturing process begins according to individual parameters and characteristics.

Dismantling

The second stage starts with delivery finished windows and arrival of installers to your home. After that, rough work begins - dismantling old windows and cleaning the opening from the remnants of old insulation and waterproofing layers, removing the window sill, followed by installing a new window block.

Window frame preparation

The preparation of the window frame consists in pasting the outer side, top and lower parts special tape PSUL - a self-expanding tape made of polyurethane impregnated with modified acrylic, used for hydro and thermal insulation. Installing a window frame without the use of PSUL tape requires a fixed gap with the opening, in order to avoid compromising the integrity of the structure as a result of changes in frame dimensions depending on weather conditions and pressure, which is subsequently filled with sealant.

Installation, fastening and fixing.

The installation process itself begins with vertical and horizontal alignment using building levels. Then the frame is fastened in the opening with the help of technological wedges (thrust blocks). Fixation occurs due to powerful dowels or anchor plates.

Seam sealing

When installing wooden windows and doors, in most cases, polyurethane foam is used as insulation, and in simple foam. This is very good stuff as heat and sound insulation and in addition it does not absorb moisture.

The structure of the mounting foam is such that it expands rapidly when sprayed. However, the foam seam is not intended for fixing the window, and therefore the window has a special mechanical fastening in the opening with the help of anchor plates.

Usually, mounting seam only 2/3 is filled with foam, and with its further expansion, the mounting space is completely filled. When installing in very dry conditions, for better contact and adhesion of the mounting foam, the surface of the opening is moistened with water. Cutting off excess foam is done after it has completely dried. AT winter conditions, this process may take a little longer. It remains only to remove excess hardened foam.

We install the window sill

Mounting a wooden window sill is carried out using technological wedges. The cavity located under the window sill is filled mineral wool and fixed with foam sealant.

Trust the professionals!

Wooden windows look stylish and beautiful when installed, both in apartment buildings and in private cottages. We are ready to take on any, even the most complex decisions in matters of glazing your home, and make it even more comfortable. Our company for the installation of wooden windows employs real masters of their craft, competent and qualified specialists, qualitatively performing each stage of work on the installation of window structures, bringing it to an ideal result.

The relatively low price and practicality of metal-plastic double-glazed windows led to the fact that the installation of plastic windows in a wooden house today is one of the most popular construction operations.

But compared to installing windows in stone buildings, the cost of installing PVC windows in a wooden house is much higher due to the specific features of wood as a building material.

Considering that in modern houses the number of windows is quite large, ignorance of this feature can lead to a significant discrepancy between the planned and actual construction budget.

To avoid such inconsistencies, we will consider all the ways of inserting PVC windows, as well as what is the main difference between the technologies for installing euro windows in a wooden and stone house.

Theoretically, to insert a plastic window, both in a wooden and in a stone house, you must perform the same sequence of actions:

center the frame in the casing frame;
fix the window to the opening;
seal the installation gap;
put waterproofing;
install interior and exterior trim (platbands);
install drains.

But in practice, direct adherence to the factory instructions when installing PVC windows in a wooden house can lead to their breakage.

In order to explain as clearly as possible why this happens, we change the order of presentation, and instead of theoretical calculations about physical properties wood give examples wrong actions which are strongly discouraged.

Situation one: a house is being repaired from profiled timber and the contractor who installs the double-glazed windows does not meet the deadlines, which is why he is trying to convince the customer that all the shrinkage has already occurred in the old wooden house, and even the window frames are so strong that no no pigtail needed.

The result of this approach is jammed windows and considerable expenses for the owners of not dismantling the entire structure with subsequent expansion. window opening.

Situation two: for glazing window openings in log house new windows were bought in advance, according to rough calculations, but after dismantling the old ones, it turned out that it was necessary to take into account the tolerances for the pigtail. In order not to buy new double-glazed windows, we decided to install without casing. Two years later, three of the five installed windows fell into disrepair.

Situation three: when installing plastic windows in a wooden house, a casing frame was used in a mortgage beam, but the window was fixed using anchor plates. Within a year, almost all of the installed windows jammed. To eliminate the consequences, it was necessary to disassemble interior decoration and change the anchor plates to self-tapping screws.

Many similar stories can be cited, and if you sum up the entire loss that arose due to ignorance of several simple facts, then you get a sum with many zeros.

We list these simple but very important facts:

when the humidity changes, the linear and volumetric dimensions of the wood change;
moisture content of wooden lumber is a variable value throughout the life of the house;
shrinkage is never complete.

It may seem strange that a material that does not have a constant size can be used to build critical structures, but for centuries there was no acceptable alternative to wood, so people learned to compensate for all the above disadvantages.

What is the difference between a wooden frame and a stone building

From the previous section, we can conclude that knowing the characteristics of wood used as a building material is beneficial from all points of view. Therefore, we will once again consider what problems should be taken into account right technology installation of plastic windows in a wooden house.

Resizing logs and beams

The main reason for shrinkage is a change in the radial dimensions of logs or beams used to build a log house (from 10 to 15%). In the first five years, the total decrease in the height of the walls can reach 10-12 cm.

This feature is aggravated by the fact that logs, as a rule, have irregular shape and are almost never perfect cylinders. Under pressure, created by the roof and upper floors lower crowns log house can move in horizontal plane, which also changes the height of the walls.

If the house is lined with bricks, the horizontal displacement is not so critical, but in all other cases it must be taken into account when choosing the type of casing.

Sealing shrinkage

In addition to logs, a significant "contribution" to dimensional instability wooden house introduces natural shrinkage of the seal, the compression of which accounts for up to 20% of the total shrinkage of the house.

Oddly enough, but all these unpleasant features wooden buildings offset by a relatively small number of building tricks:

use of casing frames;
installation of dowels;
thermal drying of boards and logs, followed by impregnation with stabilizing compounds.

All of the above affects the features of installing windows in the following way: between the window and the log house there should be a casing frame that provides stable inner dimensions when changing the size of the window opening in the log house.

The only case when wooden building you can put windows without casing - this is when they are installed in a frame house.

Features of the use of casing for plastic windows

Details about the types of casing frames and the technology for their manufacture can be found in.

Here we recall that these frames are of three types:

U-shaped;
T-shaped (monolithic and glued);
in a mortgage bar.

Both U-shaped and T-shaped casing are often made with a selected quarter, which is of two types:

“straight”, that is, selected from that side of the casing, which is directed into the inside of the house;
"reverse", with an external recess for installing a window.

The depth of the excavation depends on the climatic features of the region and on the freezing line of the walls (for wooden and brick-lined houses, this parameter is not critical).

At the same time, the correct technology for installing a plastic window requires that the outer cut of the installation gap (filled with building foam) must be sealed with a waterproofing film.

As a result, when using finishing casing with a straight quarter, there may be a discrepancy of the following nature: after installing the window, it is impossible to perform high-quality waterproofing.

In view of what, the installation plastic windows in a wooden house, they are usually performed in T-shaped casing frames or in a fine casing with a reverse quarter.

Preparing for installation

The installation of any window begins with measurements. AT wooden houses this stage is especially important, since the dimensions of the window are calculated taking into account the casing and expansion gaps.

Note that the purpose of the measurements may be different. If the window is installed in an existing opening, then it is necessary to calculate optimal dimensions window. If it is planned to glaze a new log house, then the size and location of window openings are determined.

In any case, when determining the dimensions for installing windows in a house made of timber or logs, one should proceed from the following rules:

the type of casing must be determined in advance;
when determining the desired dimensions, it is necessary to take into account the width of the casing and the height of the compensation gap;
there should be an installation gap between the window frame and the pigtail, blown with mounting foam (20-40 mm, optimally 20 mm);
when determining the tolerance for the casing frame, it is necessary to take into account its type (for a T-shaped opening, the dimensions of the opening will be smaller).

Please note that when determining the height of the window structure, allowance for the expansion gap should be provided. In log houses, its height is maximum (from 40 to 100 mm), in houses made of glued laminated timber, it is minimal (40 mm).

Installation steps

After all dimensions are calculated and purchased necessary materials, the window block is being installed.

The general installation procedure consists of the following operations:

Marking the contours of the opening;
Cutting a window opening in a log house;
Casing frame installation ( detailed technology this stage is described in our other reviews);
Centering the window frame;
Fixing the frame in the casing (using special fasteners);
Installation of shutters and double-glazed windows at workplaces;
Blowing the installation opening with mounting foam;
Creation of waterproofing outer side window;
Creating a vapor barrier with inside window;
Installation of ebbs and slopes.
Installation of platbands from the outside and inside.

Consider the most difficult steps from the voiced sequence of actions.

Window frame centering

AT this case this refers to the correct positioning of the window frame in the casing box, during which it is necessary to create a uniform installation gap around the entire perimeter of the window, as well as accurately align its position in vertical plane.

Please note that a skew in the vertical plane can lead to spontaneous opening or closing of windows, so the frame must be fixed in level.

Since the mass assembled window is very significant, we recommend that you first dismantle the window sashes.

Fixing the frame in the casing

The answer to the question of how to fix the window frame to the casing box includes two options:

using anchor plates;
self-tapping screws.

When purchasing hardware for this operation, it must be taken into account that maximum length the self-tapping screw must be less than the total width of the pigtail, frame and installation gap.

Fastening frames with anchor plates is only permissible in cases where the window is mounted in a wide draft pigtail.

One of the most common mistakes made when PVC installation windows in wooden houses - this is the fastening of the plates directly to the logs of the log house, which can lead to breakage of the entire delivered window block.

Blowing out the installation gap

Filling the installation gap with mounting foam is a simple operation in itself, but when installing PVC windows, two additional nuances should be taken into account:

blowing should only be carried out after the window sashes have been installed on the workstations! Otherwise, the compression force that occurs during the polymerization of the foam will warp the frame.
in some cases, blowing is performed after gluing the waterproofing tape and external platbands.

Please note that unloading the frame before centering can be done both through the complete removal of the leaves, and through the dismantling of double-glazed windows. In any case, the sealing of the installation gap should only be carried out when the window unit is fully assembled.

Waterproofing

According to basic technology installation of metal-plastic windows, outside surface sealant in the installation gap must be protected from UV and moisture.

Platbands protect it from sunlight, but for waterproofing it is necessary to use special materials that have one-sided conductivity for water vapor.

The meaning of such protection is as follows: the evaporation of condensate from the surface of the sealant should occur unhindered, but the direct ingress of moisture from environment should be excluded.

Waterproofing with the listed properties can be created in two ways:

using a waterproofing vapor-permeable tape (PSUL);
through the use of vapor-permeable acrylic sealant "STIZ-A".

From the point of view of installation, the sealant is more versatile, but it can only be purchased in large containers. Therefore, for small volumes of work, waterproofing tape is most often used.

Standard waterproofing technology involves cutting off the outer layer of the foam after its polymerization is completed and covering the cut with a protective material. But, as mentioned above, the film can be pasted before blowing.

Please note that before sticking the tape must be correctly oriented, and also remove the inner protective layer. Checking the direction of transmission is quite simple: by blowing air through it. The blowing direction corresponds to the direction from the sealant to the outside.

The inner surface of the mounting foam is protected in the same way.

If a waterproofing film is used, step sequence operations will be like this:

stick the edge of the tape on the window frame;
blow out and immediately seal the gap with tape, after removing the protective paper;
mount platbands or protective profile.

Note that it is advisable to install the platbands before the foam hardens.

If a straight-rebated finish casing is used, this operation may be omitted.

Glazing of verandas and terraces

Metal-plastic windows for verandas are used in cases where this part of the house belongs to the heated area.

It is important to bear in mind that the total mass of such double-glazed windows is very significant, so their installation is only permissible when the terrace walls have the required load-bearing capacity.

The design of windows in this case is most often sliding. When designing, we recommend paying special attention to the strength of the vertical posts, which must withstand not only the weight of the roof of the veranda, but also the forces created by the wind load.

The company "Master Srubov" accepts orders for all types of work necessary for fine-tuning log cabins until complete readiness for finishing, including the installation of plastic windows. Additional information about the terms of cooperation can be found by going to the page.