How to renew walls painted with water-based paint. How to paint walls with water-based paint. Advantages and disadvantages of water-based paint

One of the ways to decorate rooms is to paint with water-based compositions. What's good about this option? Walls painted with water-based emulsion are combined with any type of interior. And with hi-tech and minimalism popular today, there are almost no options - the walls should only be smooth, without patterns. This can be achieved by painting or pasting plain wallpaper. The second plus is that you can choose any color, and by choosing suitable type paints, you can get a matte or semi-matte surface. The third positive point is painting the walls water-based paint simple process. You can do everything yourself.

Which water-based emulsion to choose for walls

Under the name water-based paints there are compositions with different properties- some can only be used indoors, and even then they quickly wear off and fade; others paint external walls and do not lose their appearance for years. For this reason, you need to choose the composition according to specific tasks and goals.

The basis of water-based paints is water, which contains polymer or mineral particles. When drying after painting, the water evaporates, and the polymers and minerals form a film on the surface. The properties of this film are determined by the type of polymer, therefore, when choosing, the composition of the water-based paint is of key importance. And they are:

Having decided on the composition, you need to choose a manufacturer. No news here - it’s better to pay a little more, but it will work out quality paint than having to repaint everything again in a few months. When choosing, pay attention not only to price and volume, but also to indicators such as consumption. It is indicated in grams per square meter and sometimes differs significantly. Moreover, expensive paints often have significantly lower consumption.

Characteristics of water-based wall paints

Name	Application	Special properties	Consumption	Price for 1 l	Cost of painting one square meter
Tikkurila Euro-7 A	Concrete, wood, brick, fiberglass (wallpaper), plaster	Water-repellent latex paint based on acrylic	8–10 m²/kg	292 rub/l	29.2 - 36.6 rub/m²
Optimum (Leningrad paints)	Concrete, drywall, wood, brick, plaster	Waterproof, vapor permeable	6 - 8 m²/kg	42 rub/l	5.25-7 rub/m²
Dulux Diamond Matt BW	Concrete, brick, fiberglass (wallpaper), plaster	Increased wear resistance, stains are easily washed off	12-17 m²/kg	801 rub/l	41-66 RUR/m²
Dufa Superweiss RD 4	Concrete, fiberglass (wallpaper)	White acrylic moisture-resistant paint	6.5 m²/kg	252 rub/l	38.7 RUR/m²

Preparing walls for painting

Painting walls with water-based paint requires a flat surface. This could be special wallpaper for painting or a putty and primed wall. At the same time, you cannot paint with water-based paint over oil paint or whitewash. Previously applied coatings must be completely removed - before plastering, then the defects must be repaired, primed, and only after that can you paint.

Removing old paint

The method of removing the old layer of whitewash and water-based paint are somewhat similar. First, “dry”, with a spatula, clean off everything that comes out. To quickly remove old water-based emulsion from the walls, the surface is wetted hot water. Just take a roller, dip it in hot water and roll it several times. Leave for 3-5 minutes, then repeat the procedure. Usually after the second serving hot water the coating swells and is easy to clean off with a spatula. Some especially difficult areas needs to be moistened again.

With the removal of whitewash from walls, the situation is similar, but the water used is cold and more of it may be required - lime is highly hygroscopic. But once it gets wet, it cleans well. Another feature is that after everything has been removed, you need to thoroughly saturate the surface with a soda solution. This neutralizes the lime remaining in the pores. After drying, you can already prime and putty.

The most difficult process is removing oil paint from walls. Heating the walls with a hairdryer is ineffective - they heat up very slowly. Is there some more chemical compositions- washes. But firstly, they are toxic, secondly, they are expensive, and thirdly, they remove one layer well, and all those lying below have to be smeared again. In general, this is not the best way for this situation.

Most often, mechanical methods are used to remove old oil paint from walls. Put a brush on a drill or grinder metal wire. Turn it on at low speed and clean off the paint. The method is not bad, but it produces a lot of dust, which is not good. As it turned out, it is much more effective to use a drill with a crown for drilling sockets. The oil paint flies off in pieces, there is almost no dust, the process goes quickly.

Sealing defects and putty

In the case of water-based emulsions, you cannot rely on the fact that the paint will hide the flaws of the walls. Quite the opposite - it will emphasize. Unless you use silicone emulsion, but even with this paint we advise you to cover a small piece and see if you are satisfied with the result. If not, you will have to putty.

First of all, the grooves and cracks are sealed. First, the angle of the spatula widens the cracks, removing everything that can fall off. Then they are coated with a primer (dip the brush into the composition and moisten it well) and after it dries, putty is applied, leveling it with the plane of the wall.

If a significant piece of plaster has fallen off, it is better to restore it cement-sand mortar. The resulting hole is moistened with water, but it is better to also apply a suitable primer (cement-based), fill it with mortar, and level it flush with the wall. The matter is complicated by the fact that further work can be carried out only after the solution dries and becomes light gray. But don’t try to force-dry it - it will crumble and crumble.

When all the defects are repaired, the remaining irregularities are smoothed out using putty over the entire surface. The walls are first primed. It is easier to do this with a roller, pouring the composition into the tray.

Putty is sold in bags, there is primary and finishing. Primary is used if a layer of more than 5 mm is required to level the walls. If the wall is relatively flat, minor irregularities can be smoothed out with a finishing compound (layer no more than 5 mm).

It is most convenient to mix the putty in plastic container. Usually this is a 10-15 liter bucket. First, pour in water as recommended on the package, then pour in the mixture and mix thoroughly. For mixing, use a construction mixer or a drill with an attachment. Pay special attention to the bottom and walls - dry powder often remains here.

For further work You will need two spatulas - one wide, the other a regular small or medium size. They work like this:

• Use a small spatula to take the putty and lay it with a roller along the blade of the large one.
• A large spatula is pressed against the wall with its blade and moved in one direction, maintaining the same degree of pressure. In this case, the composition is distributed along the wall, filling the unevenness. The thickness of the applied layer depends on the degree of pressure: the harder you press, the thinner the layer of putty remains on the wall.
• If stripes, grooves or other defects have formed, run the spatula over this area again, correcting the defect.
• All these steps are repeated until all the walls are level.

The putty is left to dry for about a day (depending on the thickness of the layer, temperature and humidity). Then they take sandpaper or a special mesh, attach it to a grater (a construction tool - a platform with a handle). Using this platform, the remaining strips are leveled, achieving a flat surface.

Usually after the first leveling layer there are still imperfections. They are sealed with a finishing type of putty. In it, the components are ground more finely, the composition of the batch is more plastic, and is applied in a thinner layer. The sequence of actions is the same.

To understand whether you have aligned the walls well, you need to illuminate them from the side. This lighting will reveal all the irregularities. They are usually leveled with a grater under tension fine mesh. If this is not done, the applied layer of paint will reveal the imperfections.

Padding

The primer is selected depending on the paint base. An acrylic primer is used for an acrylic base, a silicate primer is used for a silicate base, etc. As a rule, it is sold in cans of various capacities in the same stores where water-based emulsions are sold. Apply with a roller.

Why do you need to prime walls before painting with water-based emulsion? Firstly, so that the paint holds better, does not crack or swell with bubbles. Secondly, to reduce paint consumption. The primer slightly closes the pores, reducing the absorbency of the surface.

Painting walls with water-based paint: technology and rules

The base color of water-based paint is white, but many companies allow you to get any shade from the RAL palette, which is a little more than 200 options. To do this, a coloring pigment is added to the composition. You can order coloring in special machines, or you can buy the color separately and add it yourself.

When tinting a water-based emulsion with your own hands, you determine the color “by eye,” but the machine contains programs according to which it measures the required amount of coloring substances. In any case, at one time you need to tint the entire volume of paint needed for the walls and even with a small margin for painting over stains or scratches. You won’t be able to replicate the same color exactly, and cars produce slightly different shades.

When tinting yourself, first the paint is diluted with purified water to the desired consistency (usually it is thick). Then take a clean wooden stick or a clean drill attachment and begin stirring the paint in the bucket (drill at the lowest speed). Having opened the color, pour in the color in a thin stream. Having received the desired shade, stir for another 2-3 minutes, then leave the water-based emulsion and wait until the foam settles.

Roller for water emulsion

Water-based paint can be applied using several types of rollers:

• Foam rubber. Available in any store, they cost little, but they absorb too much paint, which can cause microscopic bubbles to appear on the surface of the wall. The surface will therefore be uneven and rough. The situation is better with high-density foam rubber, but they are more difficult to find.
• Velor. This type of roller is not so widespread; you need to look for it in specialized stores. When using them, the paint goes on smoothly, but velor is a very dense material and has little curl. Because of this, during the process you will have to dip it in paint too often.
• Fleecy. Painting walls with water-based paint using fleecy rollers is the best choice. The length of the pile can be different, depending on it, the paint layer turns out thinner or thinner. For painting evenly puttied walls, the length of the pile is not important, but it is better not to use ones that are too shaggy - there may be splashes. There are fluffy rollers made of natural fur or felt; they last a long time, but are expensive. Artificial materials are cheaper, but wear out faster. For water-based paints, polyamide pile is best suited.

For water-based paint of wallpaper with a faint relief, it is better to use fluffy rollers made of polyamide fiber or natural fur. The length of the pile in this case is 6-14 mm.

Water emulsion application technology

Before painting begins, masking tape is applied to the baseboards (if not removed), trim, window sills, and along the edges. If it is necessary to mark the boundaries of painting on the wall, they are also marked using masking tape- draw a line and paste it along it duct tape. If the ceilings are already painted, it won't hurt to put some tape on the ceiling as well. This way you are guaranteed not to get it dirty. Please note that the tape is removed immediately after this area is painted. If the paint on the tape hardens, it is impossible to tear it off without damaging the wall.

Ready-to-use paint (diluted and tinted to the desired color) is poured into a paint tray. To be able to paint the wall right up to the ceiling, a long handle is attached to the roller. Usually this plastic pipe or a thin, well-processed wooden holder (for a rake it is thinner and more comfortable to hold).

Painting begins from one of the corners. The corner itself is passed with a brush, painting about 5 cm on the wall. Use a brush to paint the corner under the ceiling (if you paint to the very top). Next, take a roller, dip it in paint, press it onto the platform and, starting from the top, roll the paint down. Moving the roller up and down, paint a continuous strip of paint, going 5-8 cm onto the already painted surface. This way you can avoid the appearance of boundaries formed when applying paint.

Water-based emulsions “set” on the wall in 10-15 minutes. Therefore, you need to act quickly, without smoking breaks or interruptions. If the border of the strip dries, it will then be visible. To avoid this, you need to maintain a high painting pace.

Paint the second corner when one roller width remains before it. If you immediately paint the second adjacent wall, you can paint it with a brush as well.

It is recommended to apply three layers of water-based emulsion to putty walls. After each, you need to wait until the paint dries. The exact waiting time between coats is indicated on the can and is usually 2-4 hours. If water-based paint is applied to wallpaper, one layer is sufficient.

Note! When purchasing and tinting, a plastered wall surface requires three times more paint than a wall surface covered with wallpaper.

Finishing interior spaces apartments or suburban areas is not a simple construction process. It requires a special approach and attention. Today, people often try to do repairs on their own in order to save money, and sometimes in order to learn something new and try their hand. This fact is especially relevant for homeowners who paint residential premises. Water-based paint is most often used in construction and finishing. At a relatively affordable price, their quality is comparable to high-quality oil paints. Water-based paints are a very popular, promising and high-quality repair material. This article describes in detail all the pros and cons, technical characteristics, and types of water-based paint.

Advantages and disadvantages of water-based paint

Water-based paint has a number of significant advantages.

Firstly, it dries quite quickly. Sometimes it only takes a couple of hours to dry.

Secondly, the paint is absolutely harmless and completely safe for the environment and human health. There is no need to urgently leave the premises during painting work.

Thirdly, the paint does not have a sharp specific odor, which generally persists for 2-3 weeks after completion. finishing works.

Fourthly, the paint composition can be given almost any color by adding special pigments. In stores for construction, as a rule, a colorless tone is sold, and a catalog with pimentos is offered for it. The consumer can choose the shade he likes and an on-site specialist will give the water-based paint the required shade.

Fifthly, the paint application process itself is quite simple, and the paint tools are easy to clean after use.

Water-based paint has significantly fewer disadvantages than advantages. The main disadvantage is that the dyeing process can only be carried out at a temperature of +5°C.

Technical characteristics of water-based paint

Before you buy water-based paint, you need to pay attention to its technical characteristics, which include:

• Compound;
• Consumption;
• Viscosity;
• Specific gravity;
• Storage conditions;
• Best before date.

The paint contains: latex, filler, thickener and antiseptic.

Consumption of water-based paint is approximately 150-200 ml/m2 for 1 layer. The required number of layers depends on the absorbency of the base.

Viscosity is an indicator that determines the degree of dilution of the coloring mixture with water. Viscosity is measured using a viscometer and should be about 40-45 s. using paint brush, 20-25 when applied with a spray gun.

Specific gravity is about 1.35 kg/l.

Drying time directly depends on temperature and air humidity; it can vary from 2 to 24 hours. Optimal temperature when painting a room with water-based paint, it is +20°C and humidity is 65%.

Types of water-based paints

Today, depending on the polymer that is included in the paint, there are four main types of water-based paints, namely:

• Acrylic;
• Silicone;
• Silicate;
• Mineral.

Acrylic water-based paints

This type of paint is currently the most common. The main component of the paint is acrylic resins, which is why water-based paint got its name.

Very often latex is also added to the composition. This combination of components allows acrylic water-based paints to actively resist water. This means that the painted coating can be easily washed with water, without fear that the paint will become unusable or be washed off altogether. Manufacturers often indicate in the characteristics of the paint that it can withstand up to five thousand washes with water. A double layer of such acrylic paint with latex filler can mask surface cracks up to 1 mm thick. Acrylic water-based paint, the price of which depends on many factors, fits very well on surfaces made of wood, glass, concrete, brick, plaster, concrete, as well as on metal that has been previously primed.

A striking example of such a coloring agent is VEAC water-based paint. She lacks a specific bad smell, it is safe, dries quickly, and working with veak paint is very easy.

Silicone water-based paints

IN silicone paints, by analogy with acrylics, the composition contains silicone resins.

This paint, despite its rather high cost, is perfect for all mineral coatings and can easily paint over cracks up to 2 mm wide. Silicone water-based paints belong to the class of vapor-permeable coatings. This quality allows the paint to be used on damp and moisture-prone surfaces. With this paint you can for a long time forget about the fungus.

Silicate water-based paints

Silicate water-based paint is a mixture of an aqueous solution, liquid glass and colored pigments.

This type of water-based paint has excellent vapor and air permeability and good weather resistance. Silicate paint can last at least 20 years.

But it is worth noting that if environment If the coating in which the coating is located is more humid than the painted material itself, it is better not to use this type of water-based paint.

Mineral water-based paints

Mineral water-based paints contain slaked lime or cement. They are used for any surface when painting ceilings and walls. However, their main purpose is painting work on concrete or brick surfaces. The disadvantage of these types of water-based paints is their short service life.

Water-based polyvinyl acetate paint is obtained by rubbing pigments onto a polyvinyl acetate emulsion. The advantage of such paints is that they are diluted with water and can be worked with even indoors, preserving good conditions labor. Their films are of sufficiently high strength, resistant to moisture, fats and mineral oils, and they are also lightfast.

Painting with water-based paint

Painting a room with water-based paint has its own nuances.

Before use, the paint must be thoroughly mixed until smooth. If the instructions indicate that the paint can be diluted with water, then it is better to do this, so the paint will lie more evenly on the surface. If you want to give your interior as much bright colors, then this is not a problem at all. To do this, you need to buy a color for water-based paint. This convenient thing helps to turn ordinary white paint into colored paint, while selecting the desired shade by mixing.

Initially, it is better to dilute the paint in a small container, apply it to cardboard and let it dry. Only after this can you determine whether the shade is suitable or not. It is worth noting that the paint has a slightly different shade than the dried coating.

The painting surface must be smooth and prepared for painting. Before applying the mixture, the wall or ceiling must be puttied and primed with a primer.

Regarding the choice of color for the room, there are certain rules. If the windows of the room face south, then cool shades will be ideal: purple, blue, green, blue. If the windows face north, then it is better to choose warm colors: crimson, yellow, red, pink, orange. There should be no problems when selecting shades, since the colors of water-based paint are very diverse, thanks to this, each consumer will be able to satisfy all his wishes regarding the shade of the surface of his room.

Painting walls with water-based paint

Before starting work, you need to clear out the room as much as possible, plaster all the uneven areas, putty if necessary and thoroughly wash the walls. Don't forget about a respirator, safety glasses and gloves.

When painting putty walls, it is best to apply three layers of paint, with the first being a primer. When painting walls with wallpaper, two layers will be enough.

You need to paint in stages and in parallel stripes, and you need to move from the window to the opposite end of the room.

For maximum quality of surface painting, it is recommended to use special equipment. One of the most popular devices to facilitate the painting process is the spray gun.

A spray gun for water-based paint is an excellent assistant that will help you paint any surface without skips or smudges. They are very productive and have a large simultaneous surface coverage.

In order to paint walls with water-based paint using a brush, you need to take a wide brush 100-125 mm in size. And immerse it in paint up to a third of the bristles. After this, you need to press the brush against the wall of the container in order to get rid of excess paint. You need to start applying paint from top to bottom using short horizontal and vertical movements.

Applying water-based paint using a roller is the most quick way painting the surface, but in this case more layers are needed than when painting with a brush, since the roller creates a thinner layer of paint. The tray needs to be filled about a third with paint, then dip the roller into the paint mixture and roll it over the entire surface several times. This will distribute the paint evenly throughout the roller. After this you can start painting. The roller should be carried along the wall in different directions, while pressing evenly on it. You need to do everything carefully and slowly, otherwise the paint may splatter.

Painting the ceiling with water-based paint

The most important thing here is to apply an even layer to the surface of the ceiling; for this, the entire roller must be covered with the same layer of paint. In order to achieve uniform distribution of paint, you need to dip the roller in the paint, then roll it over the surface of the tray or on a specially prepared material, such as linoleum. This process can be repeated several times if necessary for perfect distribution. If you skip this process and immediately proceed to painting the ceiling, then due to the uneven layer after drying, spots may appear on the ceiling that cannot be removed in the future.

Water-based ceiling paint should be applied in parallel strips that overlap each other by about 2-3 centimeters. The duration of application of one layer will be about 30 minutes. To achieve a perfectly painted ceiling, you need to apply 2-3 layers of paint and the thinner the layer, the more uniform the surface will be after drying.

In painting the ceiling great importance has the direction of painting the coating. The last layer should be positioned towards the light source. This can hide possible inhomogeneities in the coating structure. After painting the entire ceiling, you can move on to painting those places where the roller did not reach, namely the joints and corners. To do this, you can use a brush and carefully apply a small layer of water-based paint to the unpainted coating.

How to remove water-based paint

The most unstable to moisture is water-based paint for walls and ceilings based on PVA (polyvinyl acetate). To remove this type of paint, all you need is a sponge with soapy water.

In order to wash off acrylic water-based paint, which is resistant to water and soap solutions, you need to use mechanical means - a spatula or an angular disk grinding machine.

Another effective way mechanical removal A spatula is considered to be a preliminary covering of the area to be cleaned with newspapers. To prepare the glue, you need to cook starch in the consistency of sour cream or buy regular wallpaper glue. After the glue dries, the paper with paint will be easier to remove.

You can also clean the paint with a chisel. This is a tedious method, but the paint can be removed very efficiently without making any unnecessary noise.

Water-based paint can also be removed using construction hair dryer, annealing section by section with the old paint. In this case, you can gradually help with a spatula. This method is suitable for cleaning acrylic water-based paint.

You can also use a chemical-based remover. After applying it to the area to be cleaned, it will begin to absorb into the paint and gradually destroy it.

Painting walls with water-based paint remains one of the simplest and most affordable types of finishing. The variety of colors and excellent results allow it to maintain its popularity. The application technology is very simple, you can handle it yourself without the involvement of specialists. At the same time, the finished surface fits perfectly into any design, creating a modern interior.

Comparing water-based paint with other types of finishes, we can highlight the following advantages:

• It will take about 2 hours to dry;
• contains only safe, non-toxic components;
• doesn't have unpleasant odor;
• You can get any color or shade.

The main components of paint include latex, filler, thickener and antiseptic. It can be applied with a roller, brush or spray gun. To work with your own hands, the viscosity of the composition should be no more than 45 s, and when using a spray gun - 25 s. Material consumption is on average up to 200 ml per m2. When choosing it in a store, you also need to pay attention to the expiration date and storage conditions. If the paint is frozen, the structure is damaged and cannot be used.

Types of water-based paint

Despite the name “water-based paint” traditionally used by everyone, there are several types of this material. The main component by which paint is divided into separate types is polymer - acrylic, silicone, silicate, mineral. It affects the ease of working with the composition and its performance characteristics.

Acrylic paint is made from acrylic resin. The latex included in it improves the coverage of the composition and smoothes out the slightest cracks. Acrylic paint is recommended for painting surfaces exposed to water. It fits perfectly on plaster, wood, brick, glass, and is suitable for painting walls and ceilings. A double layer of acrylic paint can eliminate fairly large damage.

Using silicone resins, a silicone composition is obtained. Its purchase will not be cheap, but the result will make up for the costs a hundredfold. Even one layer of it can eliminate cracks up to 2 mm wide. The coating is vapor permeable and does not become infected with fungus. You can wash it without fear of ruining it.

Silicate paint is obtained from a mixture of water, pigments and liquid glass.

It creates a vapor- and air-permeable layer and is evenly applied to the base. It is distinguished by increased resistance to atmospheric influences and durability. But it is better not to use it in damp rooms.

When working on concrete or cement surfaces, it is recommended to use mineral paint. It contains cement or slaked lime, which significantly improve its water resistance. The material is suitable for painting ceilings and walls. The disadvantages of the composition include its fragility.

Color selection

Interesting fact: when talking about water-based emulsion, they always emphasize its ability to transform a room and fit into any design. In this case, the base color of the composition is white. By adding pigment of one or more shades, the composition is given the desired shade. You can do this yourself or use computer selection.

For tinting, you need to use a color designed for water-based emulsion. It is produced from acrylic dispersion in three formats: powder, emulsion, paste. Liquid color is considered the most convenient to use. It mixes well with the base composition and creates a homogeneous mass. The finished paint fits well on any surface - plaster, brick, wood. Advantages of ready-made colors:

• allow you to get shades that are not commercially available;
• are highly resistant to fading;
• easy to use with your own hands.

The variety of possible shades is amazing. But it should be noted that it is almost impossible to repeat the desired color combination on your own. Therefore, when performing repairs with your own hands, it is better to immediately dissolve required quantity paints. In wet and dry conditions the shade is slightly different. The coating will look different when different lighting, applied to different substrates. Therefore, before painting the entire wall, it is better to try on an inconspicuous area. Of course, a slight deviation in shade will not spoil the design of the room, but in large areas it can be noticeable.

How to mix color with paint?

When painting with your own hands, you need to properly dilute the color. This should be done shortly before use. The maximum volume of color should not exceed 30 ml per 1 liter, that is, no more than 3%. A large amount of pigment can affect the quality of the paint. In order not to make a mistake with the shade, you can use this method:

• prepare 3-4 clean small containers of known volume;
• Pour paint into each and add a different number of drops of color;
• apply a strip of each type to the surface;
• choose the result you like.

Then you need to recalculate the amount of paint and drops to the required volume. After this, you can proceed to breeding. You will need a clean container into which no more than 20% of the paint is poured. The calculated volume of color is added to it and mixed thoroughly. The finished mixture is gradually poured into the main container with paint.

Surface preparation

Before painting, the base must be freed from layers of old finishing - paint, wallpaper, whitewash. The easiest way to remove whitewash is to simply wash it off with water. The wallpaper can be slightly wetted beforehand, and then carefully lifted with a spatula and removed. It is more difficult to remove old paint. It cannot be soaked with water; you will have to scrape it off or use a special remover. Then the surface must be inspected, looking for damage, mold or rust. If necessary, stains should be treated with copper sulfate.

The next stage is leveling. Even small irregularities or cracks under a layer of paint will take on an unsightly appearance, ruining the most expensive design. Therefore, you need to get rid of them. Putty will do a great job with this. Depending on the condition of the surface, only finishing or starting and finishing putties are used.

First, the surface is primed and left to dry. Starter putty contains coarse filler, so it effectively removes enough large cracks and pits. The dried layer of putty is treated with coarse sandpaper. As a result, spatula marks and unevenness are eliminated. The coating is again covered with primer.

The finishing putty has a very fine structure. It is applied in a thin layer, allowed to dry and rubbed with fine sandpaper. To check the quality of work, use light from a lamp. It is directed at an angle towards the wall, revealing the slightest deviations. The result of the performed manipulations is perfect surface, on which the paint will lie in an even layer.

To protect parts of the walls or ceiling that will not be painted, apply a strip of masking tape to them. The same strip can be glued along the floor. At the end of the work, it can be easily removed, and the surface underneath remains clean. If you need to cover a large area, you can use a strip of polyethylene, securing it with tape.

Basic stage

To work you will need:

• a regular brush for painting corners and joints;
• a narrow brush for correcting hard-to-reach places;
• roller with long pile;
• a special bath with a ribbed surface area.

In order for the result to please with its beauty and accuracy, it is necessary to take into account several nuances. Coloring should begin from the corner located on opposite side from the entrance to the room. First, take a wide brush, soak it in paint, and squeeze it lightly. Make a 3-5 cm strip around the perimeter of the room. This will help make the joints and corners neat.

For further work, use a roller. Staining is performed in three stages:

• apply the first strip parallel to the rays of light falling from the window, continue painting in the same direction;
• then make movements in a perpendicular direction;
• the third strip is always directed towards the window, and this is how the coloring is completed.

Each stage is performed after the previous one has dried. On average, this takes up to 12 hours. To ensure that the paint is evenly distributed over the roller, it is passed along the grooved part of the tray several times. Movements of the roller on the surface can be straight or zigzag. The next strip is applied with a slight overlap on the previous one. Having finished painting, it is necessary to protect the room from drafts and direct rays of the sun. Drying should not be artificially accelerated.

How to make Venetian plaster with regular paint?

The most expensive types of finishing include Venetian plaster. It is distinguished by complex technology, but the result is incomparable. This design looks elegant, unusual and expensive. Using regular water-based paint, acrylic lacquer, roller, sponge, brush and sandpaper can imitate the “Venetian” at a very affordable price.

First, a layer of water-based emulsion is applied, strip by strip, to a pre-leveled base - fiberboard, plasterboard, plastered brick or any other smooth surface. When the water emulsion dries, they move on to creating a “marble” pattern. It is recommended to first practice the strokes on a piece of cardboard.

To give the acrylic mixture the desired shade, color is added to it. Its color should match the color scheme of the marble. For application, use a sponge, making light stamping movements. According to the latest acrylic base you can make “cracks” with a solid rod. After the varnish has dried, go over the design with a soft brush, slightly shading the borders. Then change the color of the varnish and apply it again to the base.

The finished coating should be given time to dry, then sand it with light movements. The resulting dust is not brushed off, but covered with colorless varnish. Such actions are performed twice. This creates the inherent depth and shine of marble.

To know how to properly use water-based paint for walls, you should familiarize yourself not only with the application technology, but also with the procedure for preparing the surfaces to be decorated - all this is discussed in this article.

Or water-dispersion paint is a finishing coating on water based with the addition of polymers that shape the properties of the material. Differences from other paints in the form of easy and quick application, variety of shades, and varying degrees of resistance make it universal for interior and exterior work.

Water-based paint for walls: characteristics

Technical characteristics of the paint: composition, consumption, viscosity, drying time - vary depending on the intended use.

By correctly comparing the desired parameters of coverage, finish gloss or dullness, and coating strength, you can choose a paint that suits all points.

Water-based emulsion has a number of advantages that distinguish it from other paints:

• drying time from 2 hours;
• lack of specific odor;
• environmental friendliness (safety for humans and the environment);
• the ability to choose the desired shades;
• easy cleaning of instruments and skin swabs

Painting with water-based emulsion should only be carried out at temperatures above 5°.

Varieties

distinguished by the main polymer in the composition:

1. Acrylic. Acrylic resins make the paint durable and suitable even for external finishing work. It is used for wood, glass, brick, concrete, plastered and even primed metal surfaces. Acrylic water-dispersion compositions often contain an additional component - latex, which increases the water-repellent properties of the painted surface. A double layer is able to close microcracks on the wall (1 mm).
2. Silicone. Silicone resins - solid foundation paint and varnish materials for wet rooms. Silicone is an elastic material. Able to paint over larger cracks. The antiseptic present in the composition fights the formation of fungus and mold. The composition is suitable for bathrooms, kitchens, including painting ceilings with protection from moisture, steam, and temperature changes.
3. Silicate. Paint based on liquid glass is more often used for façade finishing due to its increased resistance to weather conditions. The durability of silicate coating reaches 20 years. The peculiarity of the coating is transparency, so it is rarely used in interiors due to low hiding power and a small range of shades. The presence of mica, talc, and silicon in the composition makes tinting impossible, so the choice of color is limited.
4. Mineral. Suitable for painting concrete, brick, cement surfaces. The paint is designed to protect against water and ultraviolet radiation and requires regular renewal of the layer. The fragility of the coating makes mineral water-based emulsion a rarely chosen but cheap option not for cosmetic repairs.

TOP 5 rating of popular water-based paints: which is better

	A country- manufacturer	pros	Minuses
Tikkurila	Finland	· Optimal combination of price and quality. · Modern technologies production. · Constant expansion of the range with new products for different surfaces. · Unpretentiousness in everyday life (vapor permeability, dirt-repellent properties, etc.). · Hypoallergenic.	· The need for professional tinting. · The need to combine with others finishing materials the same brand.
Ceresit	Russia	· High adhesion (adhesion to the surface). · Resistance to direct sunlight. · Uniformity of painting and tinting.	· High cost for double application required on any surface.
Dulux	Great Britain	Eco-friendly making paint ideal option for bedrooms and children's rooms. · Constant modernization of technologies, confirmed by international exhibitions and competitions. · Durability of the coating.	· High price. · Many nuances of application, which requires the involvement of a professional in painting.
Caparol	Germany	· A network of factories around the world. · Affordable price. · High resistance to washing and abrasion. · High hiding power (one layer is enough).	· Complete drying takes several days.
Dufa	Germany	· Wide range of shades and textures. · High quality compositions.	· Poor coverage and strength of the coating. · Absence of a snow-white shade in the palette (often chosen for the ceiling).

Painting

It occurs in three layers: the first is primer, the next two are paint and varnish.

Painting is carried out in stripes overlapping each other at the junction in the manner of writing the letter “W”.

It is better to start work in daylight in the direction from the window in the opposite direction.

How to prepare a wall for painting

The preliminary stage includes plastering the uneven walls, then applying a layer of putty. After the materials have dried, the walls are washed with soapy water and a layer of primer is applied.

Popular technologies

There are three main technologies for painting walls:

• brush;
• roller;
• spray gun.

Brush painting is an energy-intensive process with less than ideal results. The brush applies the paint unevenly and leaves streaks. However, you can’t do without a brush when processing areas in corners, at the joints with the ceiling, around window frames. To do this, you need to choose a brush 10-15 cm wide, immerse it in liquid up to a third of the bristles, and use a mesh to get rid of excess on the brush.

Painting with a roller is a quick method that requires care in distributing the paint, first on the roller itself, then on the wall to avoid drips and splashes. To do this, use a special tray with a container for water emulsion and a place for rolling.

Gives a high-quality layer without streaks, omissions, smudges, or color differences. The device is characterized by a large simultaneous coverage of the wall area, which speeds up the painting process.

How to paint over old paint

It is possible to update the interior without bothering to wash off the old coating only if old paint does not peel off. For a new coating with water-based emulsion, you need to sand the wall, apply a primer layer, and then start painting.

If the old paint is covered with cracks, chips, or peeling places, then for better adhesion of the new coating it must be removed. The water-dispersion coating can be washed off with a special solvent, or mechanically using a spatula, chisel, grinder, hair dryer, etc.

How to apply to different surfaces

You can paint wallpaper, textured plaster, plasterboard structures, old finishing oil paint. Each of these cases requires an individual solution.

You can paint wallpaper that is specially marked “for painting”!

Others may behave unpredictably under the coloring composition - get wet, change the degree of smoothness of the surface, peel off from the wall, absorb the paint unevenly, creating stains.

Plasterboard walls are becoming more popular due to the variety of shapes they can create and their smooth surface.

This simplifies the process of wallpapering, but painting requires a number of manipulations.

Possible when applied on a layer finishing putty. The layer of putty here can be minimal, since it is intended not to level, but to create a uniform surface without seams and putty at the joints to obtain a uniform color in just one layer of paint.

You should not apply water-based emulsion to whitewashed surfaces - it is better to wash off the whitewash first. Chalk or lime compounds will begin to crack and peel under the paint, forcing you to repaint the walls once a year.

How to choose colors

The selection of a color scheme for a room is often based on the warmth/coldness of the room. When the windows face south, the room is visually cooled by shades of blue, purple, and green. If the room is located on the north side, then warm shades of yellow, red, and brown are better suited.

Wall surface type

Water-based coating is used for wooden, concrete, and brick surfaces. Apply to walls, ceilings, plaster and drywall. Regardless of the type of surface, an important factor in achieving an ideal result is thorough mixing of the emulsion. In addition, it is worth paying attention to the recommendations in the instructions for the paint: for example, if a water-based emulsion requires dilution with water, then it is better not to neglect this manipulation for uniform coverage.

Number of colors

The standard layout for the room is three shades. The variety of modern colors allows you to choose a range of colors of the desired brightness or pastel, as well as visually change the feeling of space in the room. So, bright hues They expand the space, dark ones narrow them. This technique can be used in combination to visually raise the height of the room when choosing dark walls and a light ceiling.

Processing degree

The degree of pre-treatment determines the subsequent adhesion of the paint and the wall. If insufficiently processed, the water-based emulsion will hold up worse.

If the absorbency of the wall surface is incorrectly calculated, painting may require more materials.

How to paint without streaks

It is preferable to paint the wall in 2 or 3 thin layers than in 1 thick layer that forms streaks. In addition, it is better to apply a new layer of paint on top of the completely dried previous one.

Applying the emulsion in thin layers helps to avoid streaks!

White water emulsion

Water-dispersed paint white usually mixed with a special conditioner diluent. This additive allows additional drying time to allow the joints of painted areas to be overlapped without creating overlap marks.

Colored wall paint

A tinted primer - matching the color of the paint or a suitable shade - helps to avoid streaks on a colored coating and make it richer. Also, a colored primer allows you to achieve the desired color in fewer layers.

The first step towards smooth paint coating surfaces - selection of tools (rollers, brushes, rolling trays, painting nets for removing excess paint). It is not difficult to distribute the composition over a roller or brush; the main thing is to act smoothly, slowly: roll the roller several times on a flat surface, and put only the required amount of paint on the brush.

An important point when applying the final layer of paint is taking into account the direction of the light rays. The coincidence of the planes of incidence of light and the painting of the finishing layer makes it possible to hide the heterogeneity of both the structure of the wall and the painted surface.

Thus, paint has a number of advantages in the form of environmental friendliness, ease of application, wide color palette and large selection types of paints for different surfaces.

Useful video

Painting walls with water-based paint opens up a huge selection of surface textures, colors and unusual patterns for the artist. The use of different tools and a variety of coloring options make it possible to create unique and original elements in design.

Types of water-based paints

Types and palette of paint and varnish coatings.

Oil paints are used less and less for finishing due to their fragility, vapor permeability, toxicity and other not very advantageous properties.

Water-based paint has a number of main advantages:

1. non-toxic and has no unpleasant odor (no need to leave the room);
2. dries quickly;
3. ease of application;
4. wide range of colors - you can create any color by adding special pigments to the main color.

Water emulsions are polymer dyes based on water emulsion, which contain various targeted additives that increase hydrophobicity, elasticity, strength, adhesion and other properties. Depending on the type of additives used, the following types are distinguished:

• Mineral – used for painting ceilings and concrete that are exposed to constant moisture. The enamel contains cement and quicklime. The demand for them has decreased significantly due to the emergence of “water emulsions” with better characteristics.
• Acrylic - most high quality and expensive composition. To increase elasticity, the composition contains latex additives. It has almost no drawbacks - enamel fits perfectly on foam and aerated concrete, glass, brick, stone, concrete, primed metal, plaster and wood. Not afraid of water and wear-resistant. Manufacturers guarantee 8,000 washes.
• Silicone – “saturated” with silicone resins. This composition makes it possible to use silicone enamels. It fills all irregularities (up to 2 mm). After drying, a durable film appears, which has t water-repellent properties.
• Silicate – liquid glass emulsion with multi-colored pigments. It has good weather resistance, vapor permeability and a long service life. Often used for painting concrete, brick and plaster. It is not advisable to use silicate composition in rooms with high humidity.

Combination of shades

To enlarge, click on the image.

Having dealt with the types, you can move on to considering ideas on how to make an original design.

The ceiling can be visually raised by applying vertical stripes. The color scheme is formed in different ways: it is possible to alternate similar gamuts or a contrasting combination. Painting is done to the full height or half when the second part b is monochromatic. Application stages:

• first with the help laser level marking is carried out;
• one color is applied;
• after drying, the separation lines are closed with tape;
• painted in a different color;
• the masking tape is removed.

Horizontal stripes. This technique allows expand the space. When you plan to apply stripes, this must be done on one part. As a rule, they use a decoration method in the form of one accent horizontal strip, where children's drawings, photos or paintings are subsequently placed.

The lower part is treated with darker colors, the upper part with light colors. A non-standard approach can help prevent association with a hospital: selection of current colors, transfer of site demarcations from the center are significantly lower or higher.

Treatment of the main zone bright color, while others have a calmer color scheme. As a rule, attention is focused on what is opposite the doorway.

Color inserts. There are several options - after creating the main background, a square or rectangle is marked out, its painting is done more dark color. The contours of the lines are decorated with molding or other type decorative strips. As a rule, decorative items are placed in this area - paintings, clocks, photos or sconces. Solutions look good when the wall has a niche or ledge designed in two colors water-based emulsions.

An unusual design will help you create several more painting options:

• Apply several horizontal stripes various colors, which are intertwined chaotically with each other.
• In one area, make a vertical gradient or paint four walls with water-based emulsion with slight shades.
• Decorating the accent part with identical rhombuses.

Attention: When choosing shades, you need to focus on combining only cold or warm colors.

Drawing

Texture can be created using a rag.

If there Creative skills , then you can create your own drawing. If there is no artistic talent, then stencils can come to the rescue, which you can buy ready-made or make with your own hands. There are simple stencils that use one color or combined ones, in which case the processing is carried out using several shades.

Before you paint the stencil, you need to fix it in finished product there is a sticky base, the homemade stencil is fixed with tape.

Creating texture using water emulsion and tools

Painting with a textured pattern can be of two types: due to the peculiar application of water-based emulsion directly or using special devices.

The simplest technique is to create splashes:

• first you need to apply the background;
• after the base layer has completely dried, an emulsion of a lighter or darker shade is applied to the brush or brush; when it hits the stick, splashes are obtained;
• for uniform distribution, it is best to first practice on a separate part;
• The simultaneous combination of several shades of splashes looks original.

As we can see, applying texture with paint can be done using completely different devices.

Coloring with a texture roller does not require great professional skills. If there is no ready-made device, then a regular one can be easily converted into a textured one. Why do you need to wrap it in film and cut it in a chaotic disorder?

When applying the texture with the help of an emulsion, all defects are successfully masked, this is the main advantage this method. Disadvantages are the high cost of the material and the difficulty of cleaning.

Manufacturers offer several types of textures to choose from:

• Granite emulsion contains bubbles of acrylic paint. When using a spray bottle, the bubbles burst and spread, creating an imitation of granite.
• Nacre. The surface is similar to silk material. Viewing angle and lighting affect color perception. Using it will help visual magnification space.
• Velvet, thanks to special particles, creates the effect of soft velor.

As you can see, there are options for unusual decorative design a large number of. Choose the method you like, practice on a small surface and go for it. Creation original design in your hands.

Photo gallery

How to paint a wall

Tool selection: brushes and rollers

Basic set for painting vertical surfaces.

The quality of coloring depends significantly on the choice of tools. The most commonly used are rollers and brushes. The roller can ensure even distribution of the emulsion. Brushes should be used in areas such as edges and seams. The sponge is used to create decorative effects.

• For uneven and textured surfaces, it is best to choose fleecy sheepskin options.
• A roller with removable covers is suitable for large areas. The main rule for choosing a fur coat: the smoother the wall, the shorter the pile on the roller should be.
• Do not use a device with a foam structure. Air bubbles may form, which subsequently burst and leave indentations.
• Painting the upper part of the wall must be done with a tool with an extended handle.
• For painting corners and edges, it is better to use brushes of 150 and 50 mm sizes.
• For work, it is better to choose a nylon polyester brush. Regular bristles absorb the composition and change shape, but nylon repels it and does not deform.
• A high-quality brush has cone-shaped, thick, long bristles. The bristles of this brush easily restore their shape after bending.

For work you will need the following materials and tools:

• capacity;
• special ribbed tray;
• ruler;
• putty knife;
• primer;
• putty;
• masking tape.

Preparation

Preparatory activities are an important part of the work. The composition is applied in a small layer, so the surface must be as smooth and even as possible, free from defects, chips and height differences.

Before you start, you need to carry out the following activities:

Before carrying out work, the surface must be prepared.

• If present, remove any remaining old coating and clean. You can use soapy water for this.
• Let dry and inspect. Alignment or reconstruction is likely needed. As a rule, one layer of plaster is enough to achieve smoothness. It is advisable to choose gypsum putties to remove depressions and cracks, and alabaster putties for leveling.
• After leveling, it needs to be primed. This stage should not be neglected, since the primer not only improves the adhesion of materials and strengthens the base, but also reduces the consumption of the composition.
• Frees up space from foreign objects.
• Cover the floor, seal the joints with the ceiling and adjacent walls with masking tape.
• The water emulsion has a very thick consistency, so it needs to be diluted with water and stirred. For mixing, you can use an electric drill with a mixer attachment or a simple stick. When the required consistency is achieved, you can tint it by adding the required pigment in the required proportion.
• When the area to be painted is very large, it is imperative to ensure that one batch is sufficient for the entire area. Re-achieve the desired shade without automatic tinting pretty hard.

Coloring

Let us describe the stages of work:

• Pour a small amount of the composition into ribbed tray.
• Dip the brush and apply to the perimeter.
• Place the roller in the tray and let it soak thoroughly.
• Roll out on any clean surface (cardboard or board) until the pile is saturated.
• You can start work from anywhere, but probably best option - on top of the wall. With this sequence, drips and drops will not spoil the painted areas and will then be rolled out with a roller.
• Coloring occurs in 2-3 layers.
• Each subsequent layer is applied when the previous one is partially dry.

If you study the technology of work very well, you can easily transform the interior design completely. any room. Compliance with all the specifics of the event painting work guarantees you high-quality and uniform coverage.