How and how to glue an oak parquet board. What to glue the parquet on? Two-component adhesives

Many who want to lay parquet on their own often think on what basis it is worth laying.

The two most common methods are:

1. On the substrate / floating method (plywood is glued to the concrete base, then the parquet flooring is already placed on the plywood).
2. On glue (parquet flooring is glued directly to the concrete base).
3. There is also a method of laying parquet on multimol(s) - when a special synthetic material– multimol(s), this way not widely used, so will not be affected by us.

Each method of laying parquet has its pros and cons.

Consider the nuances of laying parquet on glue directly to the concrete base:

• When laying parquet on glue, we get a stable floor that does not knock or drum underfoot, there is no risk of squeaks over time.
• Such a floor can be loaded with massive objects.
• Minimal sound reflection - noise and sounds are damped.
• It is possible to install a parquet board in a continuous field throughout the apartment without thresholds and transitions only by gluing to the base. Or maybe set to doorways compensation cork thresholds that do not protrude in height. With this approach, it becomes possible to create flat surface floors without the use of protruding overhead thresholds.

Photo of laying strip parquet on concrete

Nuances of parquet flooring laid in a floating way (on plywood / on a substrate):

• With this installation method, the parquet floor must not be loaded with massive pieces of furniture, as the floor must remain floating (ie move and breathe).
• In a room with a floating floor, sound is reflected off the floor surface and back into the room.

During the laying of the parquet floor on the substrate, the premises are strictly cut off in the doorways, and at the joints of the floor coverings, an overhead threshold is mounted, so as not to pinch the parquet to the base. In no case should you glue the threshold at the point of joining with the parquet board!

Obviously, laying parquet on a concrete base is a more advantageous option than laying on plywood. Laying parquet on a concrete base is best done

One of the pleasant and visible stages of the repair of residential premises is the installation of parquet floors - a well-chosen adhesive for parquet will allow you to independently perform this work with proper quality, quickly and accurately.

Advantages of parquet floors

The wall decoration and ceiling work are completed, and the installation of plumbing communications is a thing of the past - it's time to start arranging the floors. Natural parquet has been and remains the most popular flooring in residential areas due to the following qualities:

Laying parquet floors - the importance of pre-treatment

A prerequisite for a durable and beautiful parquet floor is a flat base. best method for this, it is rightly considered by means of cementitious self-levelling compounds. AT small rooms it is permissible to perform a screed cement-sand mortar"along the lighthouses", for rooms with dimensions from 4 meters along a short wall and more, a professional screed is needed.

After cement base frozen, check its horizontal position. Regardless of what is written in the accompanying documentation for parquet, the difference in height of the finished screed should not exceed 2 millimeters per running meter floor in any direction.

For such a check, a quality level of sufficient length and high precision. If the height difference is more than 2 millimeters, the base must be redone (a little more “raise” with an additional layer of fill or trim the protruding sections and fill them again). No two-component adhesive for parquet, polyurethane and others can compensate for the flaws of the base.

It is equally important to determine the moisture content of already hardened cement - laying parquet elements must be carried out on a completely dry floor. Of course, you can perform such measurements with hygrometers, but these devices cannot be called common, and it will be too expensive for the budget to purchase them for episodic work with parquet. Will have to do" folk remedy» determination of floor moisture, especially since it is quite accurate.

On several sections of the screed at different ends of the room (especially near windows, radiators and pipeline communications), pieces of ordinary dense and transparent cellophane are glued, preferably at least 1x1 meter. If in a day inner part cellophane is not fogged up, you can proceed to laying activities. If there is condensed moisture inside the film, the floor base needs additional drying. If necessary, you can use convectors for air circulation. In any case, the cement screed before the “parquet laying” stage must be even (2 mm per meter!) And dry.

Of course, parquet cannot be laid on concrete, cement or stone. Moisture-resistant plywood must be fixed to the floor, leaving gaps of 10-15 mm from the walls and securing with self-tapping screws (at least 10 per square meter). Plywood with moisture-resistant qualities prevents the occurrence of dampness with inside parquet tiles and additionally levels the floor. The heads of the self-tapping screws must be completely recessed into the plywood, after which it must be treated with a primer. The primer layer increases adhesion (sticking) of adhesive compositions, binds dust and sand residues and closes cracks with irregularities in the plywood itself.

Parquet glue - the main varieties

The labor-intensive preparation is over, and it's time to choose which parquet adhesive we need. Is it possible to get by with a budget water-dispersed composition, or will a significantly expensive reactive adhesive be required? The main varieties are named, it remains to describe their features in the case of "parquet installation":

• Water-dispersion adhesives. The cheapest, easiest to use and (by the way!) different environmental cleanliness. Unfortunately, the presence of moisture is very dangerous for the durability of parquet, especially if it is made of maple, ash, beech and any kind of fruit trees. The lower the concentration of water in dispersion adhesives, the higher their versatility.

For example, Kiilto Standard(Finland) contains 36% H 2 O, it is better to use it for sticking oak parquet, massive board or plywood. Known composition BONA B-720(Sweden) with 22% water is suitable for any parquet with a plank thickness of 10 millimeters or more. For thin tiles made of ash, beech, pear, maple, an even lower concentration of moisture in the adhesive is required . All water-dispersion adhesives take a very long time to dry - from five days to a week or even longer, so the planning of working with them is very important..

• Adhesives on solvents or one-component. Suitable for any bases and any parquet boards, the drying time is also measured in days. Single component polyurethane adhesive for parquet is convenient in terms of the ability to correct the parquet pattern after laying. The composition remains fluid (in the open state of the container and after application) for up to 20 minutes, that is, it is possible to correct entire rows of tiles.

Unfortunately, all one-component formulations are flammable, and many have a very pungent odor and toxicity. They should work in well-ventilated areas and in no case should smoke during work and should not use fire at all in the room being repaired. The laid floor can be sanded after 3 days, complete drying is achieved on the fifth day. The most popular one-component adhesives for parquet STAUF WFR-4, MK-97 and UZIN MK-73.

• A two-component adhesive composition for working with a parquet board is a rather thick emulsion, to which an exact portion of the powder is added and thoroughly mixed before application. They combine all the advantages of water-dispersion and soluble adhesives - they dry quickly, fit any type and size of parquet, are environmentally safe and non-toxic. To the question: “How to glue the parquet securely and beautifully?”, The most natural answer would be a recommendation for a two-component adhesive.

The only drawbacks of two-component adhesives (they are also called reactive due to the high rate of solidification) is high price and difficulties in working under conditions low temperatures. If, for some reason, parquet has to be laid in frost, it is reasonable to give preference to a one-component adhesive. Of the brands of reactive compounds, the most popular BONA H-790, STAUF ZK-PU, UZIN MK 92S.

The parquet board is usually laid in a floating way, which is more technologically advanced and easier to perform. But if you want to provide maximum rigidity to the coating or the floor area is too large, it is better to lay on the glue. An important condition for mounting is right choice adhesive composition, otherwise there is a risk of hopelessly spoiling expensive coverage.

What should be the glue for parquet board And how to avoid mistakes when laying with glue?

Like any tree, a parquet board is prone to deformation, although to a lesser extent than a regular plank floor. In order for such a coating not to deform after installation and to serve as long as possible, the adhesive must meet certain requirements:

• low water content- excess moisture leads to swelling of the lamellas, the formation of waves on the floor surface, warping of the front layer. After drying, such material does not always restore its original shape, and in some cases the floor has to be repaired or even completely changed. So, the less water in the composition, the better the styling will be;
• minimum shrinkage- if the thickness of the adhesive layer greatly decreases after drying, this will disrupt the plane of the coating, gaps will form between the lamellas, the floor will begin to emit unpleasant creaks underfoot;
• elasticity- under the influence of humidity and temperature changes, the parquet board increases or decreases in size, and the adhesive layer must provide the necessary mobility of the planks. If the adhesive does not have such qualities, the coating may swell in waves during the first thermal expansion;
• durability– the service life of the adhesive should correspond to the service life of the parquet board, which is very long. If the boards begin to peel off ahead of time, the restoration of the coating will be expensive, and it is not always possible to pick up new lamellas that are identical in color and pattern;
• conformity sanitary standards - the use of adhesive mixtures with harmful additives carries risks to human health, especially if the coating is laid in a residential area.

In addition, the adhesive should be easy to apply, dry quickly, have high adhesive properties to various types grounds. It is important that it does not leave stains in case of accidental contact with the front surface of the planks and is cleaned off without much effort.

Universal adhesives meet these criteria only partially, therefore, for quality installation it is worth choosing compositions specifically designed for wood flooring.

Types of adhesives

All adhesives produced for parquet flooring are divided into two groups. The first group includes one-component formulations - aqueous dispersions and solvent-based adhesives. The second group is two-component mixtures consisting of a base and a hardener, which must be mixed before the coating is laid.

Single component

These compositions are sold completely ready for use, which reduces installation time. It's practical and relatively inexpensive option which is great for living spaces. Depending on the basis of the composition, one-component adhesives have significant differences in characteristics.

Dispersion composition. Water soluble adhesive containing cellulose acid or acrylic. It is free of toxic ingredients and solvents, making it the safest product for residential use. This adhesive does not have a strong odor, is easy to apply and just as easy to clean when it gets on the front layer of the coating or wall. At the same time, its scope is rather limited due to the presence of water in the composition. Dispersion adhesive can only be used on absorbent substrates and only on moisture-resistant wood surfaces, such as larch, oak, merbau, teak. Less dense rocks are saturated with moisture from the glue, swell, change color.

Do not use dispersion compositions in unheated rooms, as well as in conditions of high humidity - freezing and dampness reduce the strength of the adhesive layer, and the coating peels off. Doesn't fit this species adhesive and for rooms with increased loads, because it has a low tear strength.

Solvent Adhesives. These are anhydrous compounds containing rubber, MS polymers or artificial resins. They are excellent for wood flooring as they do not warp the material and can be used on different grounds, including non-absorbent ones. The adhesive layer provides reliable adhesion of working surfaces, high resistance to mechanical stress and other influences. Due to the increased elasticity of the adhesive, the coating perfectly tolerates sharp fluctuations in temperature and humidity, while maintaining an ideal plane.

Due to the presence of a solvent in the composition, these adhesives are flammable, therefore, laying should not be carried out near open sources of fire. Synthetic and polymer formulations have a strong odor and their fumes can cause respiratory irritation. When working with such adhesives, protective equipment should be used, and after the floor has dried, thoroughly ventilate the room.

Two-component

These adhesives are versatile. They are used for many types decorative coatings and on various grounds– absorbent and non-absorbent. They are quick-drying, elastic, resistant to negative impacts and almost no shrinkage. It is these compounds that are the most durable. Polymer-based glue is made and can be of two types:

• epoxy-polyurethane composition - more affordable, after hardening retains elasticity in the range of 15-20%. Has a strong odor, needs to be used protective equipment in work;
• polyurethane composition is a high-strength and expensive adhesive; after curing, it retains elasticity in the range of 30-40%. Has almost no smell, does not contain toxic substances.

The adhesive consists of two parts - a polymer base and a liquid hardener, packaged in different containers. Both components are mixed already immediately before application, and the time to produce the mixture is about an hour. Ready-made glue is unsuitable for storage, even in a tightly closed container, because curing occurs as a result of chemical reaction between components.

Popular brands of adhesives for parquet boards

The choice of parquet adhesives today is very wide, and it is easy for an inexperienced person to get lost in such a variety of adhesives. Unfortunately, not all manufacturers produce worthy products, and often the glue does not at all correspond to the declared characteristics. In order not to spoil the expensive coating, when choosing, you need to pay attention to the proven brands that are present on construction market not the first year.

How to choose the right glue

The choice of composition is determined, first of all, by the type of base to which the coating will be attached, and the type of coating itself. Consideration should also be given to operating conditions, i.e., humidity and temperature regime, room patency, static loads. Consider how to choose the most suitable composition, depending on the characteristics of the subfloor.

As for the operating conditions, everything is quite simple here. In the bedroom, living room or office, it is recommended to use dispersion adhesives. The loads in these rooms are low, the humidity is also low, the temperature is usually stable. In the kitchen or in the hallway, solvent-based glue would be more appropriate: here the effect of moisture is stronger, and the loads are higher, so the adhesive layer must be very elastic and durable. In the bathroom, hallway, on an unheated balcony, it is best to glue the coating with a two-component composition that has the highest strength indicators.

How to glue parquet board

Yes, frankly, there are enough parquet adhesives on the market to completely get confused if you don’t understand this. Therefore, we will try to give you clear recommendations so that neither parquet floors nor illiterate sellers deceive you. How many times do we hear the same questions when entering into a dialogue with a client:

What glue to buy for plywood?
- how to glue a massive board?
- what to put on block parquet from ash?
- and many others...

Groups of parquet adhesives, according to their purpose

Dispersion adhesives without solvents or at water based suitable for untreated oak parquet up to 15 mm thick and cork backing. The second purpose of these adhesives is for bonding plywood to a concrete base, also when diluted 1:1 with water as a primer for application to cement screed. As a result, this group of adhesives has a very limited application. Grinding not earlier than in 7 days.

Solvent Adhesives include rubber and synthetic resins. They can be glued to multi-layer lacquered parquet boards, piece parquet made of oak, ash, beech or maple up to 22 mm thick and some exotic species, plywood on a cement screed. Sanding after 4-5 days. These parquet adhesives do not change the moisture content of wood and are not afraid of frost.

Two-component polyurethane or epoxy-polyurethane adhesives are the most versatile, suitable for any base, regardless of the size of the parquet plank or solid board. Polyurethane adhesives contain neither water nor solvents and can be used almost without restrictions. It has a limited processing time in the finished state from 40 to 90 minutes, sanding and varnishing after 1-3 days. Epoxy polyurethane adhesives have less elasticity than polyurethane adhesives, are strong enough, working time ready mixture 2 hours. Relatively inexpensive, easier to work with when laying, but more toxic to parquet floorers. Some types of this parquet adhesive are produced without solvent. Practically without restrictions, they are used in parquet work and for laying plywood with and without self-tapping screws.

One component polyurethane adhesive, can be used without restrictions on all types of wood, cures by absorbing atmospheric moisture, and is easier to work with than two-component adhesives. The disadvantage is that with insufficient humidity in the room, the adhesive does not set well. Contains neither water nor solvent. Sanding after 4-7 days.

Parquet adhesives based on MS polymers or silane adhesives are the most flexible of the above. They are used for treated and untreated types of parquet, have increased sound insulation, and are suitable for underfloor heating. They have limitations in the use of the width of the board. Good adhesion for exotic woods. Cures with atmospheric moisture. Sanding after 3 days.

Hybrid Adhesives are made on the basis of silane-modified polyurethane, are elastic and strong enough. They can be used almost without restrictions for any kind of laying of parquet or plywood, do not contain any water or solvent. Cures upon contact with atmospheric moisture, fully cured in 3-4 days.

Primers for glue applied to absorbent and non-absorbent substrates, have different composition and penetrating properties. For example, epoxy primers are applied to porous screeds to increase their strength and for waterproofing at a residual moisture content of 6-8%, dispersion primers only remove dust from the base, polyurethane primers are applied to any surface, even to absolutely smooth ones.

With regard to parquet, you can often hear the following very useful advice A: if already buying it, then as high quality as possible; otherwise it will be very disappointing if such an expensive flooring will have to change soon. The choice of adhesive for parquet should be carried out with the same approach. After all, all the components of the parquet floor - parquet, glue and protective covering- in fact, they are links of one chain: if one of them turns out to be unreliable, the whole structure will suffer.

In this article, we will talk about the types of adhesive compositions for laying parquet, as well as the properties that they should have.

Requirements

So let's start with short lecture what qualities should be good glue for parquet. There are not so few of them:

Durability: high-quality parquet with a fairly thick face layer proper care able to serve extremely long - more than a hundred years. Therefore, the adhesive must have the same durability.

Plasticity: after hardening, the parquet adhesive must retain some mobility, which will allow the wooden slabs to change in size without tension with changes in temperature and humidity.

The ability to provide a strong bond to the substrate: the parquet adhesive must perform its main function particularly well. Firstly, parquet, like any other floor covering, is constantly subjected to loads when people walk; and secondly, this material is also periodically polished, which is also a good test of the strength of the adhesive.

No shrinkage: If the parquet is glued with an adhesive that shrinks over time, the floor will soon begin to creak.

The amount of water in the composition corresponding to the type of wood: as you know, most types of wood are not friendly with water. Therefore, water-based adhesive can only be used for the installation of parquet, which consists entirely of moisture-resistant species, such as oak. Any other from contact with water will swell and begin to creak, and possibly rot. In addition, water-based parquet adhesives are not able to provide sufficient adhesion for planks made from oil-rich tropical woods.

Environmental friendliness.

Today it is extremely important to remember that modern construction and Decoration Materials can release toxic volatile substances into the air. There are many cases of poisoning caused by paint fumes, wallpaper glue and even linoleum. Therefore, for gluing parquet, if possible, use such compositions in which harmful substances are absent at all or are present in minimal quantities.

Varieties of parquet glue

Also, in order to answer the question of which parquet adhesive to choose, you need to know the classification of these products according to chemical composition, more precisely in the form of the basis. First of all, they are divided into two large groups:

One-component: these adhesives are already sold in ready-made, so you can use them immediately, which is very convenient.

Two-component (reactive): such an adhesive must be prepared before use, since the hardener for it is packaged separately from the main composition. This makes life a little more difficult for the installer, but on the other hand, two-component adhesives provide a much stronger bond than their one-component counterparts, which plays a big role when installing parquet with lacquered or heavy solid board. In addition, compositions of this type prevent damage to wood by mold and fungus, which is especially important for parquet made of beech, ash and fruit trees.

Now let's look at each of the varieties in more detail.

Single component adhesives

Ready-to-use compositions are of the following types: water-dispersion and compositions prepared on the basis of solvents, silane and polyurethane.

Water-dispersion

This is the safest adhesive for parquet, since the fumes emitted by it do not contain any toxic components. However, due to the presence of water in the composition, it is suitable only for moisture-resistant wood (oak, larch) or for parquet, the dies of which are very small.

A coating of beech, alder, ash, maple and wood of fruit trees should not be glued with such a composition, since these materials are not only not moisture resistant, but are generally very demanding on the humidity regime.

Exotic breeds, which are characterized by a pronounced ability to repel water, for example, teak, balau, merbau, will not swell when in contact with this glue, but due to the presence a large number oils in their structure, the adhesive force can be extremely low - it is recommended to first check the value of the pull-off force.

When buying glue on a water-dispersion basis, you should pay attention to how much water it contains (its share is indicated as a percentage). The more “watery” the composition turns out to be, the cheaper it will cost, but its adhesive properties will also appear worse.

Solvent Adhesives

Compositions of this type can be used for gluing any wood, only the boards should not be too large, otherwise the strength of the connection will be insufficient. Another disadvantage is the evaporation of the solvent, which is not only harmful to health, but also dangerous in terms of the possibility of fire.

Therefore, it is desirable to work in a solvent-resistant respirator, and smoking and use open fire it must be excluded. Harmful volatile substances are emitted by this adhesive for a long time - up to 45 days. At this time, it is desirable to exclude the presence of people in the room, especially children.

The curing time of solvent-based adhesives is relatively long - about 5 days. During this period, it is possible to correct the position of the boards.

Polyurethane adhesive

This parquet adhesive should be applied to the screed, which can be concrete, cement or anhydrite. The composition is characterized by an extremely high tenacity, which is why it is usually used when installing floors subject to significant loads.

Also, polyurethane-based adhesive is indispensable when installing underfloor heating (“warm floor” systems). Hardening time - about 24 hours.

Silane adhesive

This composition appeared recently and today is the most advanced development. This, in fact, is the answer to the question of which glue is best for parquet, and here's why:

• silane adhesive does not contain solvent or any other volatile harmful substances, therefore, it is absolutely safe (the composition hardens as a result of interaction with moisture contained in the air);
• due to the absence of water in the composition, it can be used when working with any wood;
• demonstrates the highest adhesion, and on any basis, including on the screed;
• after hardening retains sufficient plasticity;
• can be used in rooms high humidity and in "warm floor" systems (it tolerates temperature fluctuations well);
• easily removed from any surface without leaving stains;
• dries very quickly;
• has sound damping properties.

The disadvantage of silane glue is only one. It is easy to guess that we are talking about a high cost.

The zaWood company sells Russian silane-based parquet adhesive. For its production, only European binders are used, so the quality of the adhesive remains at high level, at a very low price for this segment.

Two-component adhesives

For compositions of this type is also characterized by some diversity. Here's what they are:

Polyurethane

Such glue is very expensive, but it has a number of advantages:

• retains high plasticity after hardening;
• is environmentally friendly;
• suitable for any kind of wood.

Epoxy polyurethane

More accessible composition, but less plastic. Another drawback is the presence harmful fumes with a pungent odor, due to the presence of epoxy resin in the composition.

About manufacturers

The buyer does not have the opportunity to check the quality of the glue, especially in the long term. In such a situation, the best evidence of reliability is the name of the manufacturer, so it is highly desirable to know several brands that enjoy high consumer confidence.

Bostik parquet adhesives are very famous and popular. Under this brand, a whole range of formulations designed for various tasks is produced. As a base, a polyvinyl acetate mixture, alcohol, polyurethane and other substances are used. At the same time, all products are of high quality and, if possible, environmentally friendly, and the manufacturer sets prices that are by no means exorbitant.

The most popular are the following varieties:

• Bostik Tarbicol KPA: Alcohol-based one-component formula. Quite durable, which makes it suitable for mounting solid boards, and tolerates temperature changes well, so it can be used for gluing parquet on a heated base.
• Bostik Tarbicol PU 1 K: One-component polyurethane-based compound. Demonstrates high strength and at the same time is frost-resistant. There are no solvents in the composition, so this adhesive does not emit harmful fumes and does not have a sharp unpleasant odor.
• Bostik Parcol PU 56: Two-component polyurethane-based adhesive. It has increased adhesion and provides ultra-high strength to the connection, therefore it can be used for gluing parquet on bases made of any metal alloy, concrete or cement.
• Bostik Elastic: polymer-based adhesive, also environmentally friendly. It is calculated on work with material up to 23 mm thick and any basis. Due to its water resistance, it can simultaneously perform the function of waterproofing.

Another worthy manufacturer of parquet glue is Bona Bond. Its chemists managed to develop a water-dispersion composition in which the water content is greatly underestimated.

Bona's polyurethane adhesive for parquet is also in good demand, which is available in both one-component and two-component versions.

How is parquet glued?

A truly high-quality parquet can only be laid on a completely dry screed. Therefore, if it was completed recently, it is necessary to postpone the continuation of work for a month - usually this time is enough for complete drying.

First, vapor and waterproofing is laid on top of the screed. As the latter, you can use plywood, which is glued using the same parquet glue. For reliability, it is additionally screwed with screws. Before this operation, the screed will need to be primed. Another option is to use as waterproofing bituminous mastic. In this case, it is not necessary to prime the screed.