Individual water supply of a private house cannot be imagined without pumping equipment delivering water to the consumer, for this, several modifications of electric pumps with different operating principles are used. One of popular types is a screw pump for a well, mainly used for water intake from sources whose water basins are located on sand.
Screw (screw) electric pumps, represented on the market by submersible models, are produced by many leading domestic and foreign manufacturers of pumping equipment, their cost does not go beyond the average price for this category of units. To choose the right electric pump, consider several classes with different principle action, while screw borehole pump under certain conditions, it has some advantages over other varieties.
Rice. 1 Popular models screw pumps
Pumps installed for pumping water, depending on the location relative to the water source, are conditionally divided into two groups: surface and submersible.
The first ones are installed on the ground next to the well, a pipe or a pressure hose is lowered into the mine for water intake, while the maximum suction depth (location of the water mirror from the surface soil layer) does not exceed 9 m. specifications with a maximum volume of pumped liquid of 5 m 3 / h and a head of about 50 m, the efficiency of the devices is not more than 50%. Usually, surface units are included in the package of pumping stations, which are a single unit in which, in addition to the electric pump, a hydraulic accumulator and a pressure gauge are installed.
Submersible pumps are presented on the market in several varieties with different operating principles, depending on the design, cost and quality of well water, they are used in the household for a variety of purposes.
Rice. 2 The principle of operation and design of a centrifugal electric pump Centrifugal
Centrifugal electric pumps occupy a leading position among other types due to the following design feature arising from their principle of operation - the inlet water flow enters the impeller axis and is displaced by its blades through the nozzle on the side of the casing. Thus, it became possible to connect any number of centrifugal wheels with chambers (stages) in series with an increase in pressure at each stage.
The pressure in household modifications reaches 200 m or more, the throughput is up to 20 m 3 / h, the efficiency increases with an increase in the dimensions of the pump unit and reaches 65% for household high-quality models of Danish and Italian production.
High-quality centrifugal electric pumps from world-famous European concerns are equipped with internal protection against winding overheating in the absence of coolant, have a built-in check valve, expensive models are equipped with an electronic shaft speed control unit depending on the amount of water consumption using pulse-width modulation. This solution allows you to reduce the size of pumping equipment, virtually eliminating them, as well as save electricity, reducing its consumption by 40%.
Consumers are in high demand centrifugal pumps from the world's best manufacturers of pumping equipment: Grundfos (Denmark), Pedrollo, Speroni (Italy), Wilo (Germany), Russian brands Belamos, Aquarius, Unipump (manufactured in China). It should be noted that the difference in prices between the products of leading foreign companies and products of Russian or Chinese production is quite significant, a high-quality electric pump from Grundfos costs about 1000 USD, while a domestic or Chinese pump with similar characteristics can be purchased for 200 USD. e.
Rice. 3 Vibrating electric pump - device Vibrating
The manufacturing technology of vibration electric pumps has not undergone significant changes since Soviet times, so there are many Russian brands on the market, there are products of Ukrainian and Belarusian production, and Chinese models are present in sufficient quantities.
The difference between vibrating electric pumps from other types is the absence of rotating parts and, accordingly, bearings, the principle of operation is based on the reciprocating movement of the coil armature when applied to its winding alternating current. A rod with a piston that draws in water is welded to the armature of the electromagnet; a check valve is installed near the inlets to prevent the outflow of liquid into the source.
Vibrating models have a rather low efficiency of about 35%, the maximum volume of the pumped liquid does not exceed 1.5 m 3 / h, the head is not more than 80 m.
These characteristics are considered not too high to provide water to a private house with even one person living, therefore, vibropumps are mainly used for household purposes: for irrigating garden beds, filling pools, ponds, various types of containers with water, and drainage work.
Since vibrational species are not too sensitive to a high content of suspended particles in water, they are often used for pumping wells and wells, extracting cloudy water with clay-sand fractions from them.
Vibrating pumps are classified as budget products price category, their minimum cost is about 20 USD, the average price of a typical high-quality unit is 30 USD. On the market, vibropumps are represented by a large number of domestic (Brook, Malysh, Summer Resident, Aquarius, Whirlwind, Bison) and Chinese (Oasis, Patriot) brands.
Rice. 4 Peripheral pump - design Vortex
In vortex varieties, water is sucked in through the side opening of the hydraulic part of the housing by the blades of the impeller and then thrown out through the discharge pipe located next to the suction channel.
A feature of vortex pumps is the small distance between the impeller of the petal wheel and the walls of the working chamber, which is necessary to reduce hydraulic losses, so the units operate only in clean water. The highest pumping volume of household electric pumps of the vortex principle of operation does not exceed 5 m 3 / h, the pressure reaches 100 meters, the efficiency is not more than 50%.
In vortex models for domestic use the feed wheel is located at the top near the outlet, and the electric motor with a vertical shaft, on which the vortex wheel is mounted, is installed below.
Liquid suction occurs through a perforated filter located around the impeller - by its location in the upper part near the outlet pipe, it is easy to determine the vortex principle of operation of the electric pump.
On the market, vortex pumps are less common than centrifugal models, domestic producers are represented by the brands Belamos, Whirlwind, Unipump, the Italian deep pump Pedrollo Davis is popular.
Rice. 5 Screw pump - internal organization and screw assembly Screw (screw)
Electric pumps that suck in and push water using the Archimedean screw method are called screw pumps, this is the second most popular group after centrifugal pumps. In household appliances, the auger is located in the upper part and is connected through an adapter to the motor shaft.
The advantage of screw electric pumps is the simplicity of design and the possibility effective work with turbid and dirty water, as well as with viscous media, thanks to the latter feature, screw modifications are widely used in industry for pumping oils and refined products.
Screw electric pumps from world trade leaders (Grundfos, Wilo, DAB, Pedrollo, Speroni) are not on sale, the units are represented by well-known Russian brands Belamos, Jemix, Whirlwind, Unipump Eco Vint, Aquarius, Sturm group of companies.
On sale you can find screw electric pumps and less popular brands of Russian and Chinese production: Host, Alba, Oasis, Patriot, Vodotok, as well as Octopus from the Ukrainian company Varna from Kharkov.
Note: A distinctive feature of domestic-made vortex electric pumps is perforated rectangular holes in the upper third of the housing through which water is drawn.
Rice. 6 The principle of operation of the screw pump
The principle of operation and design of the screw pump
In a standard auger household electric pump, the working screw is made in the form of a spiral pin made of corrosion-resistant material, which is chrome-plated steel, stainless steel or high-strength plastic. The fluid sucked in by the rotating screw enters the technical polymer cage and is then pushed out into the upper outlet pipe of the electric pump.
A screw electric pump used in everyday life consists of the following main components (Fig. 7):
1 — Electric part with a vertically located single-phase electric motor with a dry rotor and an oil-filled chamber separating the engine compartment from the hydraulic part, a starting capacitor is located inside the lower part of the housing.
2 - The hydraulic part consists of a housing, a water intake filter and a working auger rotating in a holder made of an elastic polymer (rubber) - a screw and rubber coupling assembly pushes the liquid entering the housing through perforated holes 3 to the outlet pipe.
3 - The intake part is a stainless steel cylinder with holes made in the side walls for drawing in water.
4 - On the top cover of the pump, made of brass or stainless steel, there is an outlet pipe and lugs.
5 - The outlet pipe is made with an internal thread standard diameter 1 inch, a check valve and a lifting sleeve are attached to it.
6 - A nylon or metal cable in synthetic protective insulation is tied to the eyes.
Rice. 7 Structural arrangement of the screw pump
Distinctive features and parameters of screw electric pumps
A typical screw pump for wells used in individual water supply has the following technical parameters:
- Power supply voltage: variable 220V ± 10%, with a frequency of 50 Hz.
- Temperature range of pumped liquid: from 0 to 35 °С.
- Pumped water pH: 6.5 - 8.5.
- Working temperature range external environment: from 0 to +40 °С.
- Minimum immersion depth under the water mirror: 0.5 m.
- Permissible volume of mechanical particles in the pumped water: - no more than 500 g/m 3 , the content of fibrous materials in the liquid is not allowed.
- Permissible diameter of mechanical fractions: - 1 mm.
- Maximum pressure: 3 m 3 / h, for most models it does not exceed the threshold of 1.5 m 3 / h.
- Limit head: up to 200 m, this indicator is a rare exception, most modifications create a head pressure of no more than 100 m.
Rice. 8 Key Features of Chinese Oasis The main advantages of screw electric pumps:
- Low cost, the price of the cheapest models is about 80 USD, in general, all models are cheaper than centrifugal types.
- Simplicity of design. The working part consists of a screw and a rubber cage, they are easy to maintain and, if necessary, simply replace, which makes the repair of auger units very simple.
- A screw pump for a well, due to its principle of operation, can transport liquid with large fractions of sand and clay deposits - this is its main advantage. A submersible screw pump is preferable for water intake from well sources on sand, often with a high content of suspended particles of clay and sand. Although their details are subject to mechanical impact particulate matter, the life of the screw pump in turbid sources will be higher than that of centrifugal models.
The disadvantages of screw units include the mediocre quality of many products (chrome-plated screw, quickly abraded clip) and not too high technical characteristics, noticeably inferior to centrifugal types, as well as low efficiency, not exceeding 45%.
Application area
We can say that a screw pump for a well, due to its ability to pump dirty water, a leader in the number of areas in which it is used in household chores. A screw borehole pump is purchased for:
- arrangement of water supply for cottages and wells;
- filling artificial ponds, pools, tanks for heating and drip irrigation;
- irrigation of vegetable gardens, orchards and any areas with plants in the garden;
- drainage in case of flooding of basements, cellars and basements in the house;
- pumping wells after drilling, some professionally engaged firms specifically purchase screw pumps for this purpose;
- cleaning wells and wells from silt deposits.
Rice. 10 Parameters of screw pumps of the Unipump Eco Vint series Well installation rules
To immerse a screw electric pump into the well, either an adapter is used, to which a cable is tied and a water supply pipeline coming from the unit is attached. Usually, before diving, tie the pressure hose, power cable and retaining cable together with insulating tape or plastic ties, the following rules are observed during installation:
- Lifting pipes can be selected from low-pressure polyethylene (HDPE), steel or flexible elastic polymers, the main condition is the ability to withstand the maximum pressure in the system and an internal bore diameter not lower than the thread size inside the outlet pipe.
- When using a flexible hose, make sure that there are no kinks or twists.
- For lowering and lifting, use only a nylon or metal (stainless) cable, it is forbidden to hang the unit by an electric cable.
- Before diving, you should make sure that the inner diameter of the casing string is higher than the outer dimensions of the pump casing together with the electric cable, and that the pipes do not have bends and narrowed sections.
- It is not recommended to place the power cable in a coiled coil - this leads to its overheating and melting of the insulation.
- The minimum distance of the pump from the bottom of the well is 0.5 meters, the optimal distance is 1 m.
- It is forbidden to operate the pump on a closed tap - this will lead to its failure.
- Mandatory installation in the control system, even if there is an internal protective automation against overheating of the winding.
- When installing modifications that do not have a built-in check valve, it is installed on the outlet pipe in front of the water-lifting pipeline.
Rice. 10 Scheme of installation and connection of the screw unit
When comparing which borehole pump is better: centrifugal or screw, there is no definite answer, since the scope of these pumping units is slightly different. Screw electric pumps are usually used in situations where it is necessary to work with contaminated water, while due to their relatively low technical characteristics, the well should have a shallow depth or be located closer to an individual house. It is impossible to find European-made screw pumps on the domestic market, all goods are supplied to the distribution network by domestic and Chinese firms, so user reviews regarding the quality and materials for manufacturing screw units are contradictory.
The efficiency of autonomous water supply systems largely depends on the correct choice of equipment, when deciding which is better for a well, it is recommended to listen to the opinion of experts and read the reviews of the owners various models aggregates.
The choice of a submersible pump for a well should be based on an analysis of operating conditions, an assessment technical features water source.
First of all, pay attention to the following characteristics:
- Depth hydraulic structure and the maximum possible head of the pumping unit.
- Diameter casing pipe, and the possibility of using the pump based on its overall dimensions.
- Water quality, many pumps are not designed for pumping liquids with a large amount of mechanical impurities (sand).
- The required performance of the equipment (expenditure characteristics) must meet the needs of all consumers.
Based on these data, you can choose pumps of various price categories.
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Budget pumps
If irregular operation of a well of small depth is expected, then it is quite possible to get by with pumps of an inexpensive price segment. At the same time, it is possible to choose models of domestic and imported production.
Perhaps one of the most popular models of equipment domestic production. The cost of the unit is 5-6 thousand rubles, depending on the configuration and modification. Outside diameter 102 mm allows the pump to be installed in wells with a cross section of at least 110 mm. The body is made of stainless steel (the main working units of the pump part are brass).
Provides a water lift of 50 meters, the maximum capacity of the installation is 2.4 cubic meters per hour. It is distinguished by reliability and unpretentiousness; when installing in a well, it should be remembered that minimum distance to its bottom should be 60 cm, and the immersion depth should be at least 50 cm.
Ideal for domestic and country needs, can be used all year round, compatible with automatic control systems.
is small in size and minimum consumption electricity (up to 750 W). It can be used to provide water to consumers of various groups, while the maximum flow rate reaches 3 cubic meters of water per hour.
The optimal well depth is 20 meters, while the pump can be installed in hydraulic structures with an internal section of 85 mm or more. A feature of the models of this series is the use of a floating impeller, which makes it possible to increase the reliability of the pump when pumping water with mechanical impurities (sand). The cost of units of this series starts from 6 thousand rubles.
. The products of this brand have always been distinguished by quality and reliability, and this model also belongs to the budget price segment. The pump power of 1.73 kW allows for a flow rate of up to 7.5 cubic meters per hour, while the maximum head is 106 meters.
The unit is equipped with protection against power surges, dry running, which significantly increases its working life. It can be used as part of automated water supply systems, provides filling of various tanks, is considered a universal pump. average price is 6 thousand rubles.
Costing from 7 thousand rubles, it can be used to supply water with an insufficient degree of purification (up to 150 grams of sand per cubic meter of water). The maximum productivity is 3.3 cubic meters per hour, while the pump can be operated at a immersion depth of up to 30 meters (maximum head 45 meters).
Differs in high tightness, it is easy in service, it can be established in wells, wells, reservoirs of various type.
Medium range pumps
The list of pumping equipment for wells at an average cost is quite extensive, experts advise paying attention to Gileks products. Units with a power of up to 1.1 kW provide a head of up to 115 meters, while the maximum productivity can be 6.9 cubic meters per hour.
The features of the models include the use of a special filter in the design, which allows the use of equipment even in wells with a significant content of sand in the water. During operation, the device does not create vibration loads that can have a negative impact on the well casing.
They have high efficiency, they are reliable and durable, operation and maintenance do not require significant financial costs. The cost of various modifications of water cannons of this brand varies from 5 to 15 thousand rubles.
Quality pumps at a higher price
If you need equipment that can last the entire period of operation of the well, you must give preference to more expensive models.
As a rule, such installations are characterized by high efficiency, reliability, and can be operated in various conditions.
Can be purchased for 27-50 thousand rubles. For this money, you will receive an installation that supplies up to 7.5 cubic meters of water per hour, while the maximum pressure can be 155 meters. Considered one of the most suitable types equipment for providing country cottages.
They can be operated in wells with a minimum cross section (internal diameter from 76 mm). It should be noted that the units of this manufacturer are quite sensitive to water quality. Durability and trouble-free operation are provided by various automatic protection systems (against dry running, overheating, power surges, and others).
None of the owners of Grundfos SQ pumps regretted purchasing these particular devices.
Submersible pump "Pedrollo 4BLOCK 4/14" with an average cost of 23 thousand rubles, it allows the supply of water with a sand content of not more than 150 grams per cubic meter.
Italian manufacturers of traditional guarantee high quality equipment, pumps are reliable, can be operated for a long period without additional Maintenance. It is installed in wells with casing with a cross section of 100 mm or more.
They provide a flow rate of 6 cubic meters per hour with a maximum head of up to 88 meters. All main elements of the device are made of stainless steel, equipped with a three-phase electric motor, the safety of which is ensured by the tightness of the case and the presence of automatic protection systems (IP68 degree).
Water cannon chastotnik 115/75h belongs to the category of automatic water supply systems, the average cost (depending on configuration) is 27 thousand rubles. Provides a flow rate of 115 l / min, a maximum head characteristic of 75 m, can be operated at depths up to 30 m.
Quite easy to use and easy to manage. Automated system allows you to set the required operation parameters (flow rate, pressure in the pipeline, etc.). Allows you to simultaneously ensure the selection of water at several points, is considered one of the most best options equipment to provide country house or cottage. Recommended when it is necessary to ensure a significant flow of water for a long time (baths, saunas, laundries).
Multistage submersible pump "Wilo Sub TWU 3" different traditional German quality, can operate up to 20 starts per hour. The main components are made of stainless steel (with the exception of polymer impellers), which guarantees a significant working life of the plant.
It can be installed in wells with a diameter of 75 mm or more, the maximum immersion depth is 60 meters, with a possible head of up to 125 meters. The pump is available with various types of electric motors (single and three-phase), economical and easy to operate, does not require frequent removal for maintenance. The price varies from 29 to 45 thousand rubles.
used to supply water from various sources. The sealed housing provides reliable protection even from dirt. The average flow reaches 4.2 cubic meters of water per hour, the maximum head is 92 m, the immersion depth is up to 25 m.
Equipped with a lower water suction with a built-in filter that provides protection against various mechanical impurities (clay, sand, other inclusions). The impellers are made of special thermal plastic resistant to various aggressive media. It is distinguished by reliability and unpretentiousness, the cost of the unit reaches 22 thousand rubles, which is quite inexpensive for equipment of this class.
The choice of pumping equipment is quite wide, so it is easy to choose the optimal model for various operating conditions.
If you do not have experience in this matter, then you should contact a specialist who can evaluate all the features of your well. In this case, the pump will last a long time and trouble-free.
In individual housing construction, when building a water supply system, surface pumps are used for a well for water and for a well. When a water supply system is built on the basis of a well, pumping stations equipped with a relay unit and a membrane tank allow you to build a system with quick-detachable equipment. Such equipment can be used seasonally, or you can even put it under lock and key every time you leave the country, or take it with you.
In the case of using a well, a similar usage pattern can also be built. However, it has a number of features that should be considered when using surface stations as pumping equipment.
Into the well, in view of it design features, water from the sandy aquifer enters gradually. The main volume of water in the well is from 4 to 20 tons. This amount of water allows solid impurities to settle to the bottom. In the subsurface layer, well water is relatively free of solids.
In a well, the situation is somewhat different. In the cavern of the well, with increased pumping, water enters from the aquifer with a large pressure. The volume of the cavity is small, because the sand brought by water has virtually nowhere to settle. Sand is sucked up by pumping equipment.
In which wells can a surface pump be used?
One more moment. In deep wells, a surface pumping station will not work. For these purposes, a submersible borehole pump is more suitable. The surface station can be used in shallow wells, comparable in depth to ordinary wells - 8-12 meters. We must not forget that just like from a well, from a well you need not only to raise water, but also to supply it to the house, sometimes to the second and third floors.
We discussed the difference between a shallow well and an ordinary well in the previous paragraph. It turns out that at the same depth in the same area, the well will not “give out” water with sand, but the well will. We will have to select a pumping station for the well, which is guaranteed to work in such conditions.
Now let's move on to the question of which pump is best for a sand well in these conditions. It is worth stopping at the option that has the following characteristics:
- Increased capacity to allow scheduling a 20-30 percent redundancy for adverse conditions.
- Increased throughput and, as a result, increased cross-sections of all through holes and pipelines.
- Basic equipment of a dry-running relay in case of clogging of the sand filter.
- Sand filter complete with built-in separator.
- Possibility of easy replacement of the filter on the supply pipeline.
Not every pumping station suitable for working with a tubular well, the trunk of which is saturated with sand. However, almost any station can be used by providing its supply line with a sand filter and inserting an additional filter with flushing between the electric motor and the membrane tank.
Why can't a washable filter be used in front of the station's electric motor? Because in this case, a clogged filter will reduce pressure and eventually the engine will burn out.
Why is it necessary to put a washable filter in front of the membrane tank? Because if you put a filter after the tank, after 1-2 months of operation you will have a non-working membrane tank completely clogged with sand.
The washable filter is good because it can be cleaned by draining the pulp (sand with water) through the drain hole with a tap. Filters with a transparent housing now available allow you to visually monitor the condition of the filter and the amount of sand deposited in it.
If the mesh is too fine, the pump motor will not be able to create the necessary pressure in the water supply system behind the filter.
Of course, the cost of a washable filter is an order of magnitude higher than that of filter replacement elements. But it does not need to be changed, it is enough to wash it.
The cost of the simplest washable filter starts from 1500 rubles.
Which surface pumps can be used
So, surface pumps for a well for water with sand must be of increased power, must have a sufficient electric motor resource and must be equipped with a sand filter. Surface pumps for sandy water wells can also be optionally equipped with washable filters that protect the station itself and plumbing system houses where water enters the tapping points.
For advice on surface pumps for use in shallow wells, .
Submersible pumps in sand wells
A few words about submersible pumps that can be used in deep wells. What is the best pump for a sand well? One that is able to "digest" water with sand and supply it upward to the water pressure unit. Already here, at the top, it is possible to organize filtration and removal of sand from the water coming from the submersible pump.
There are domestic and imported pumps on sale, which are designed to work in such conditions. Several types of Aquarius pumps, and the well-known Brook, are capable of supplying water with sand to the surface without harm to themselves.
Why not put a sand filter in front of a submersible pump in a well? Because in case of clogging, you will have to raise to the surface both the filter and the pump, and 8-10 meters of the supply pipeline.
In the case when the filter element is on the surface, it will be enough just to rinse it.
Well pumping
Another case when you need a pump that can "digest" water with sand is pumping any well after drilling. At this moment it happens final formation well caverns, and for further successful use, its pumping is required.
How to choose sand from the well at this stage? The best option is to pump it out. Can be used surface station if the well is shallow, or a submersible pump. If the well has a depth of 15-20 meters.
Autonomous water supply has become a dream for many residents in the Russian Federation.
This is especially true for owners and land plots.
The reason is also in the constant deterioration of the quality of carriers on central highways.
Then from the very beginning it is necessary to decide on the choice of such a device as a borehole pump for dirty water.
Downhole pumps for dirty water have found application in various areas of life:
- Filling containers in fire fighting systems.
- For those who extract thermal water.
- Provision of construction and industrial facilities.
- Supply of fountains.
- When irrigating crops.
- For the needs of drinking and households.
Submersible pumps. About their varieties
- Vibration pump deep for dirty water. are considered one-stop solution. Used for watering suburban areas. Differ in simple service, small dimensions.
- Screw pumps. They work even if impurities are contained in the amount of forty g / m3. Able to function at a depth of up to fifteen meters, form a pressure of 90 meters.
- For vortex models, the maximum possible amount of sand is the same 40 grams per cubic meter. But the depth of operation is increased to 30 meters. The pump inside consists of a special wheel. The water supply is based on the swirling principle. Such devices create a high pressure indicator, although they weigh very little.
- The centrifugal type models differ in power. They are capable of lifting water from a depth of up to 200 meters. The pressure exceeds a hundred meters. The presence of built-in thermal protection is an additional feature.
Features of the choice of borehole pumps
First, the buyer is determined with the parameters that must have. After that, there will be very little to do. Here are some examples:
- 3-4 people live in the object. They consume 1.2-1.6 cubic meters of fluid per hour.
- We were engaged in the construction of a hydraulic tank, with a 100-liter capacity. In the on state, pressure up to 2 atm should be maintained, and in the off state - 3.5.
- The distance from the house to the well is 15 meters.
- 20 meters is equal to the dynamic level.
- The performance indicator is up to three cubic meters per hour.
- The borehole diameter or casing pipes differ in size of 133 meters.
- Finally, a well was dug to a depth of 50 meters.
We can easily fit pumps with 3-4 inches, if you look at the borehole dimensions. Only after that we calculate the performance we need.
First you need to find out what height of water rise in the well we need:
- 20 meters or 2 atmospheres is an indicator of the dynamic level.
- 0.15 atmospheres or 15 meters - the distance between the house and the well.
- There is a 3.5-atmospheric pressure index when two conditions are simultaneously met: the pump is turned on plus running out of water in the GA accumulator.
It is necessary to add the values that we received: 2 + 0.15 + 3.5 \u003d 5.65 atmospheres. If you translate them into meters, it will be 57. This is the minimum level of pressure that is required in these specific conditions.
But it is necessary to take a closer look at the performance in the pipeline and pressure losses. Sometimes these indicators can be quite a lot.
Especially if the diameters of the outlet of the pipeline and the ones responsible for transporting the liquid do not coincide with each other. About 10-20 percent are usually losses on fittings and pipes.
How to decide on a brand
Rapid failure becomes the performance of equipment at a low level of quality.
It is best to trust manufacturers whose reputation is beyond doubt.
Here are just a few brands that have already earned the recognition of buyers around the world.
- Russian Belamos.
- Water Technics from Taiwan
- Lowara from Italy.
- Pedrollo from Italy.
- Grundfos from Denmark.
A separate discussion deserves a series of pumps SQE, released by the manufacturer Grundfos. The main difference from analogues is the presence of the so-called frequency converter. Thanks to this detail, the likelihood of water hammer is reduced.
Starting currents remain not as high as usual. There is an electronic unit responsible for remote control.
It would be best to contact a company that has a license to provide the relevant services. But there are always moments that deserve special attention.
- The smaller the diameter of the device, the better. Then the probability of jamming will be much less.
- The installation of pumps is carried out 1 meter below the place where the dynamic water level is located.
- Well heads with water supply pipes should be below the level at which the soil begins to freeze. For this, the head is placed in a caisson. Instead, you can use an adapter, this device has a more affordable price.
- The length of the cable and the power of the pumps determine the cross section that the power cable must have.
- With plastic clamps, the cable is attached to the HDPE pipe, this is done every 3-5 meters.
- Two cables are recommended to be connected using a heat shrink type sleeve.
- Only a stainless cable can play the role of a safety structure.
There are certain rules along with requirements, the observance of which ensures uninterrupted operation for a long time. For example, water for these devices is not only a working fluid, but also a coolant. Pumps generally cannot work properly without water.
The liquid level sensor will help to avoid the so-called "dry mode" of operation. Thanks to this sensor, the power supply is turned off if the water level drops below critical levels.
Literally all parts of the device must be made of stainless steel. The cost in this case will be higher than that of analogues from others, but the costs pay off.
- Stainless steel parts have no effect on taste qualities water, its composition.
- When oxidized, such structures are not destroyed.
- Because of what the cable does not break, and the pump does not fail ahead of time.
What causes borehole pumps to fail?
Most users are accustomed to the designation of only indirect signs for breakdowns.
These may include electricity consumption for high level, vibration with water interruptions, noise at a high level, reduction and so on.
The main thing is not to lead to a serious accident, to start acting when even the slightest signs appear.
The pump must be immediately lifted to the surface in order to carry out a thorough inspection.
Fine suspended particles, together with water, have the most serious effect on the pump.
It is possible to have various:
- After that, the sensors stop working correctly.
- Maintaining too high a temperature of the pumped water.
- Incorrect fixation at the steel safety cable on the head.
- Power and supply circuits operate with poor signals.
- An unprotected pump is adversely affected by high voltage surges that occur too often.
- Approximation of the dynamic level to the mark of a critical nature. Because of this, parts rub against each other more. Overheating of nodes that rotate appears. The power consumption is growing. Finally, the level of resistance rises.
- The housing is broken tightness, which leads to the penetration of moisture inside. Because of what there are failures in working electronics. The operation of the entire device is disrupted. A possible result, if inactive, is the appearance of short circuits.
- Fibers together with abrasive particles have a negative effect.
In any case, the pump must be raised to the surface. But one can only study indirect signs, and follow the path of exclusion. It is required to carefully inspect each of the parts in stock.
In the same way, the electric motor is checked. Be sure to check the power supply.
Troubleshooting the pump
Situations with a decrease in the dynamic level inside the device cannot be attributed to the group of serious breakdowns. But this situation has a direct impact on the performance of the device.
The pump quickly fails if it runs in a "dry mode". If this is what caused the problem, the pump is first lowered to a depth recognized as safe.
The valve is one of the parts operating in the mode of constant wear. It must be changed if water flows through the device, where there is too much sand.
Clamps with stainless steel cable are the perfect solution for any system. The electrical cable is responsible for the flow of electricity.
A good pump is a device with difficulties not only in technical terms. He also has other whims.
The most stringent requirements relate to the electricity network, stable operation. Plus or minus ten percent tolerance for most classic pumping stations.
In the case of submersible pumps, a deviation of 5 percent is allowed. It is better to put voltage stabilizers, then the supply voltage will flow without interruption.
Choosing the right pumps requires careful calculation, but it's not as difficult as it sounds.
How to distinguish a pump for dirty water from a drainage one is presented in the video:
Boreholes are increasingly replacing wells as water intake sources. To extract water from them, special submersible pumps are needed, the range of which is wide on the market. To quickly understand the models, namely their characteristics, and then decide which unit to purchase, study our rating.
Pumps for wells of which company to choose
On the modern market well pumps there are many noteworthy manufacturers.
1. Wilo is a leading German corporation whose pumping units are sold all over the world. High quality household electrical appliances have been produced since the distant 1872.
2. Aquario - trademark(Italy), the stigma of which is on many high-quality electric pumps sold in the CIS countries.
3. JILEX is a successful manufacturer of water pumping equipment - founded in 1993. Production facilities are located in the city of Klimovsk near Moscow.
4. Pedrollo is an Italian company that has been producing high-quality electric pumps since 1974. Well proven advanced technologies and qualified personnel.
5. Aquarius is a well-known trademark from the Ukrainian manufacturer Promelectro-Kharkov. Since 1995, the company has been producing competitive products for water transportation.
6. ESPA is a popular Spanish company specializing in innovative pumping technology. industrial business was opened in 1952.
7. VORTEX - leader Russian brand, known, first of all, for high-quality pumping equipment. Products under this name have been produced since 1974 at a plant in Kuibyshev. Now production has moved to China.
Rating of the best borehole pumps
- Demand for different models based on popularity, rating and positive reviews.
- Type of submersible unit (screw, vortex, centrifugal) and method of its installation (vertical, horizontal).
- Type of well (on sand, on limestone).
- Purpose of the transported liquid.
- Technical parameters (immersion depth and head, flow rate and power, level of protection and noiselessness, weight and size) and their veracity under operating conditions.
- Materials used in the manufacture of the hull, assemblies and parts.
- Ease of operation and maintenance, as well as the level automated control and management.
- The manufacturing company and its status in the market.
- Warranty obligations and quality of customer service.
- Real service life.
- Total cost (pump + installation + potential repair).
The best electric pumps for wells 10 m deep
Q=2.40 m3/h
DAB IDEA 75M is a quiet, thermally protected vortex pump that works in a vertical position. There should be up to 40 g of sand per 1 m3 of pumped water.
Advantages:
- immersion / flow / head: 10 m / 2.40 m3 / h / 39 m;
- power (P) / voltage (U): 550 W / 220 V;
- D outlet holes: 1";
- network cable: 15 m;
- price: 15.5 ... 20.0 thousand ₽;
- unpretentious in work;
- good combination of technical parameters and energy consumption.
Flaw:
- poorly finished inner edges can stop the rotation of the brass wheel.
The unit is highly rated in reviews - small technical flaws are not significant, in addition, they are easily corrected.
Q=3.00 m3/h
Elpumps BP 1/4 - multistage centrifugal model with improved cooling system. The installation is vertical, the amount of sand is up to 40 g/m3, the body is made of stainless steel, the impeller is made of bronze.
Advantages:
- head / immersion / flow: 55 m / 10 m / 3.00 m3/h;
- P/U: 1300W/220V;
- Outlet D: 1";
- power cord: 20 m;
- price: 18.4 ... 19.2 thousand rubles.
Flaw:
- over time, the bolts in the filter area loosen.
The vast majority of correspondents agreed: the Hungarian electric pump is well made and will last a long time.
Q=5.10 m3/h
Elpumps BP 10 is a vertically mounted centrifugal device that pumps liquid with a solids weight of 40 g per cubic meter. In the presence of thermal protection and cutting nozzle.
Advantages:
- flow / head / immersion: 5.10 m3/h / 60 m / 10 m;
- P/U: 1400W/220V;
- Outlet Hole Ø: 1¼";
- network wire: 20 m;
- price: 18.0 ... 2.0 thousand ₽;
- The body is made of stainless steel.
Flaw:
- filter clogs over time.
Most of the reviews are positive, and the filter is simply pumped with water.
Electric pumps for wells 15 m deep
Q=1.20 m3/h
UNIPUMP ECO VINT1 is a low-speed vertical unit operating at liquid temperatures up to 35 °C.
Advantages:
- head / immersion / flow: 73 m / 15 m / 1.20 m3/h;
- P/U: 370W/220V;
- Outlet Ø: 1";
- network cable: 15 m;
- price: 4.9 ... 7.6 thousand rubles.
Flaws:
- rusty gears;
- the screw is unreliably designed - it works intermittently.
Reviews are largely positive, but not everyone is satisfied with the quality of the materials used.
Q=2.50 m3/h
Belamos 3SP 90/2.5 is a vertically mounted submersible device protected from overheating. It works with clean water, the amount of sand in 1 m3 of which should not exceed 40 g.
Advantages:
- delivery / immersion / head: 2.50 m3/h / 15 m / 90 m;
- P/U: 1400W/220V;
- D outlet holes: 1";
- network cable: 20 m;
- price: 7.5 ... 12.7 thousand rubles;
- main parts in stainless steel.
Flaws:
- not yet discovered.
Consumers are satisfied with the equipment - the pressure and performance are satisfied, weak spots not identified.
Q=4.50 m3/h
Elitech NG 900-60 is a Russian-Chinese centrifugal electric pump, a feature of which is the control unit. Equipped with an electronic switch and a protective complex against excessive heating. Suction system - 9-stage.
Advantages:
- immersion / productivity / head: 15 m / 4.50 m3 / h / 60 m;
- P/U: 900W/220V;
- D nozzle outlet: 1 ";
- network cord: 20 m;
- price: 9.5 ... 12.9 thousand rubles;
- the impeller is made of technopolymer.
Flaw:
- unreliably and inconveniently attached to the body of the cord leading to the launcher. Over time, it may break.
Reviews about the model are mostly positive: its technical characteristics and performance indicators turned out to be at a good level.
Electric pumps for wells 20 m deep
Q=2.70 m3/h
Aquario ASP 1E-30-90 is a centrifugal submersible technical product located vertically in the well. There must be ≤ 120 g of sand in a cubic meter of water.
Advantages:
- immersion / head / productivity: 20 m / 32 m / 2.70 m3 / h;
- P/U: 450W/220V;
- Outlet D: 1";
- network wire: 30 m;
- price: 10.1 ... 13.5 thousand rubles;
- silent in operation.
Flaw:
- after a few years of good service, the motor may burn out.
Judging by the user reviews, the unit is good, but not eternal - over time, the motor cannot withstand overloads.
Q=5.10 m3/h
UNIPUMP ECO AUTOMAT is a centrifugal vertical unit with thermal protection. The content of mechanical inclusions in water should be up to 0.1 kg per m3.
Advantages:
- head / immersion / productivity: 56 m / 20 m / 5.10 m3 / h;
- P/U: 750W/220V;
- Outlet nozzle Ø: 1 ";
- network cable: 20 m;
- price: 14.3 ... 19.2 thousand rubles;
- non-return valve and pressure switch are pre-mounted in the structure;
- quietly pumps liquid;
- if the quality assembly, it works flawlessly.
Flaws:
- sensitive to power surges;
- automatics periodically work incorrectly;
- sometimes the bearings get stuck.
There are more pros than cons in the reviews. It should be noted that some of the dissatisfied transported dirty water.
The best electric pumps for wells 25 m deep
Q=4.20 m3/h
ESPA Neptun fl60 65M is a centrifugal vertical instrument with many additional options: smooth start of the motor, anti-thermal protection, suction filter. The weight of sand per 1 m3 of water should not exceed 100 g.
Advantages:
- head / productivity / immersion: 92 m / 4.20 m3 / h / 25 m;
- P/U: 1500W/220V;
- Outlet Ø: 1 ";
- electric cable: 30 m;
- price: ≈41.8 thousand rubles;
- engine running is not heard.
Flaw:
- the cutting attachment is dull.
Based on the reviews, the unit worthy of attention buyers.
Electric pumps for wells 30 m deep
Q=1.92 m3/h
PATRIOT SP 3250S is a vertical submersible pump that creates high head and pressure in the network. It passes particles up to 2 mm in size through its filter.
Advantages:
- productivity / immersion / head: 1.92 m3 / h / 30 m / 100 m;
- P/U: 500W/220V;
- D fitting outlet: 1";
- electric wire: 18 m;
- price: 5.3 ... 7.3 thousand rubles;
- can pump contaminated liquid.
Flaws:
- a crookedly welded clamp does not allow the threaded connection to be made correctly;
- After connecting to the network, it starts working after a pause.
From the reviews it is clear that the device is solid, but not without some assembly curiosities.
Q=3.60 m3/h
Aquarius BTsPE 0.5-32U is a vertical centrifugal type unit with a smooth start of the motor and protection of the latter from overheating.
Advantages:
- productivity / head / immersion: 3.60 m3 / h / 47 m / 30 m;
- P/U: 820W/220V;
- D Outlet Fitting: 1";
- electric cord: long;
- price: 8.2 ... 13.0 thousand rubles;
- remote start capacitor;
- reliable - even without a voltage stabilizer that can be delivered.
Flaw:
- performance depends on the "behavior" of the voltage;
Conclusion based on reviews: Appliances fully meets the expectations of consumers - it works without failures.
Q=6.60 m3/h
JILEX Waterjet PROF 110/110 is a vertically mounted submersible pump, the filter of which retains particles larger than 1.5 mm. There is protection against "zero load".
Advantages:
- immersion / flow / head: 30 m / 6.60 m3 / h / 110 m;
- P/U: 2200W/220V;
- outlet fitting Ø: 1¼ ";
- Electric cable: 70 m;
- price: 18.6 ... 45.0 thousand rubles;
- frequencies are regulated, electricity is saved.
Flaws:
- a bit pricey;
- not always on sale.
The reviews are wonderful: unpretentious in operation, the declared indicators coincide with the real ones, it works 100%.
The best electric pumps for wells 35 m deep
Q=2.40 m3/h
VORTEX CH-100V - a vertical vortex apparatus with a diameter of 10.2 cm. Pollution in the water should not be more than 40 g per cubic meter.
Advantages:
- immersion / flow / head: 35 m / 2.40 m3 / h / 100 m;
- P/U: 110W/220V;
- outlet fitting Ø: 1 ";
- electric cable: 20 m;
- price: 7.1 ... 7.6 thousand rubles.
Flaws:
- bolts rot in six months of service;
- interruptions with the "on-off" mode;
- customer service is not working well.
As some correspondents write: "at first it shakes well, and then in different ways." Others praise.
Q=5.10 m3/h
Oasis SN 85/70 is a quiet model with a durable valve and piston system. It is installed vertically in wells, the inner diameter of which does not exceed 9 cm. 100 g per cubic meter is the maximum sand content in the transported liquid.
Advantages:
- immersion / head / flow rate: 70 m / 35 m / 5.10 m3/h;
- P/U: 750W/220V;
- Discharge pipe D: 1½ ";
- electric cable: 30 m;
- price: 9.5 ... 10.5 thousand rubles.
Flaws:
- Not detected.
The well-made Chinese model did not receive a single negative feedback, including on a specialized forum.
Electric pumps for wells 40 m deep
Q=3.60 m3/h
PRORAB 8776 BP/65 is a vertical household pump designed for the construction of a water supply system in a country house. Equipped with a silent electric motor, thermal sensor, built-in capacitor. It pumps water with a significant amount of impurities: 0.2 kg/m3.
Advantages:
- flow / immersion / head: 3.60 m3/h / 40 m / 106 m;
- P/U: 110W/220V;
- D discharge pipe: 1¼ ";
- electric cord: 65 m;
- price: 16.0 ... 20.2 thousand rubles;
- stainless body.
Flaw:
- high pressure can damage the mixers.
The reviews also lack laudatory odes and serious complaints about the Russian product assembled in China. To buy or not to buy is up to consumers.
Q=6.00 m3/h
Pedrollo 4BLOCKm 4/14 is a monoblock vertical unit with thermal protection and a soft start motor. A non-return valve is installed in the discharge part of the body. The weight of sand in water is limited to 0.15 kg/m3.
Advantages:
- flow / head / immersion: 6.00 m3/h / 92 m / 40 m;
- P/U: 1100W/220V;
- D discharge fitting: 1¼ ";
- electric cable: 20 m;
- price: 32.4 ... 49.4 thousand rubles;
- widely used as an ingredient automatic stations water rise.
Flaw:
- is relatively expensive.
The reviews note that the model is crammed with all the devices and systems necessary for high-quality work. And this played a positive role in its popularity.
Electric pumps for wells 45 m deep
Q=8.40 m3/h
ESPA Neptun fl120 60M is a centrifugal monobloc pump with soft start motor, suction filter and protective device from overheating. It is contraindicated for the device to pump water with an excessive amount of sand - the limit is 100 g / m3.
Advantages:
- head / flow / immersion: 63 m / 8.40 m3 / h / 45 m;
- P/U: 1900W/220V;
- D discharge fitting: 1 ";
- cable: 30 m;
- price: ≈43.6 thousand rubles;
- quiet running, long service life.
Flaw:
- high price.
Reviewers have a high opinion of this model with high performance - breakdowns at the time of writing the reviews did not happen.
The best electric pumps for wells 50 m deep
Q=3.60 m3/h
VORTEX CH-50N is a unit with a lower water intake, the body of which is made of stainless steel. To protect the engine from overheating, a thermal relay is provided.
Advantages:
- head / immersion / flow rate: 50 m / 50 m / 3.60 m3/h;
- P/U: 600W/220V;
- Ø discharge pipe: 1 ";
- wire: 20 m;
- price: 9.8 ... 11.3 thousand rubles.
Flaw:
- after several years of operation, the motor fails, the impeller key is deformed, the parts are loosened, oil flows out.
From the reviews, the conclusion is obvious that the water-lifting equipment works well, but not for long. Although, it should be emphasized, the comments were quite controversial.
Electric pumps for wells 55 m deep
Q=22.50 m3/h
Pedrollo 4SR 15/10-F is a powerful downhole unit that can be installed both vertically and horizontally. The motor and pump are connected via a caliper. 150 g of sand per 1 m3 of water is allowed.
Advantages:
- depth / productivity / head: 55 m / 22.50 m3 / h / 60 m;
- P/U: 3000W/380V;
- Ø discharge pipe: 2 ";
- cord: 1.5 m;
- price: ≈73.1 thousand ₽;
- special hydraulic design;
- knots and details are made of strong corrosion-proof materials.
Flaws:
- weak pressure, not enough pressure;
- there is not enough debit to irrigate a large area.
Users are generally positive about technical device, while they blame the quality of the drilling robot.
Electric pumps for wells 60 m deep
Q=4.20 m3/h
ESPA Neptun fl60 45M is a vertical multistage centrifugal design pump. 0.1 kg of sand does not impede the operation of mechanisms, which also have abrasive resistance.
Advantages:
- depth / head / flow rate: 60 m / 61 m / 4.20 m3/h;
- P/U: 1200W/220V;
- Ø discharge fitting: 1 ";
- rope: 30 m;
- price: ≈36.3 thousand ₽;
- internal cooling of the motor, complete tightness;
- noiselessness, efficiency, durability.
Flaw:
- when using different plumbing fixtures, pressure surges may occur. After the relay trips, the situation changes, but does not improve.
ESPA equipment is considered by users to be one of the best, and deservedly so. As for the above misunderstanding: you need to carry out diagnostics - it is likely that this is a minor automatic nuisance that is easy to fix.
The best electric pumps for wells 70 m deep
Q=2.00 m3/h
DAB MICRA HS 302 – 6 is a vertically directional multistage pump with frequency control and built-in dry-running protection. Regulated weight of sand in 1 cubic meter of water: up to 30 g.
Advantages:
- head / depth / productivity: 60 m / 70 m / 2.00 m3/h;
- P/U: 1600W/220V;
- discharge fitting Ø: 1 ";
- network cable: 1.4 m;
- price: 46.6 ... 53.9 thousand rubles;
- in the manufacture of various components are used: stainless steel, bronze and technopolymers.
Flaws:
- with permitted installation in horizontal position failures in engine cooling are possible;
- technically difficult to maintain;
- expensive.
The device in question rarely fails, is durable, pays for itself by extracting pure artesian water in the limestone layer.
Q=5.52 m3/h
Storm! WP9711DW is a twin-shaped vertical vortex electric pump that passes sand fractions up to 2 mm in size. The ratio of impurities and water: 1/400.
Advantages:
- head / flow / depth: 108 m / 5.52 m3 / h / 70 m;
- P/U: 1100W/220V;
- D discharge pipe: 1¼ ";
- network wire: 65 m;
- price: ≈22.3 thousand ₽;
- Easy to operate, durable body.
Flaws:
- Not detected.
From the reviews, we can conclude that when pumping out artesian waters serious problems does not occur.
Electric pumps for wells 80 m deep
Q=2.70 m3/h
Belamos TF3-60 is a vertically mounted pump protected against overheating, which is capable of pumping water with a maximum amount of sand: 180 g/m3.
Advantages:
- depth / head / capacity: 80 m / 60 m / 2.70 m3/h;
- P/U: 800W/220V;
- D pressure fitting: 1¼ ";
- mains cord: 35 m;
- price: 10.4 ... 16.4 thousand rubles;
- production materials: stainless steel, brass, polycarbonate.
Flaw:
- may be depressurized with consequences.
Reviews are mostly positive. Much is worth the recommendation of this model by a professional driller.
Q=4.80 m3/h
Aquatech SP 3.5” 4-65 is a vertical unit made of stainless steel on the outside. Has a start capacitor check valve, protective thermal relay.
Advantages:
- productivity / depth / head: 4.80 m3 / h / 80 m / 65 m;
- P/U: 950W/220V;
- Ø discharge pipe: 1¼ ";
- network cable: 40 m;
- price: 9.3 ... 13.4 thousand rubles;
- quality assembly.
Flaws:
- insufficient pressure.
Consumers claim that the pump is solid.
The best electric pumps for wells 150 m deep
Q=6.50 m3/h
Wilo TWU 3-0501-HS-E-CP is a vertically or horizontally installed multi-stage unit with a frequency converter and thermal protection. Water should be as clean as possible - only 50 g of impurities are allowed per 1 m3.
Advantages:
- head / depth / flow: 26 m / 150 m / 6.50 m3/h;
- P/U: 600W/220V;
- pressure connection Ø: 1 ";
- network electric cable: 1.75 m;
- price: 66.2 ... 95.6 thousand rubles;
- multifaceted protection; smooth start; rewinding of the motor stator is possible;
- built-in valve parts in contact with the liquid are corrosion resistant;
- many additional options.
Flaws:
- small pressure;
- installation costs a little less than the electric pump itself.
According to reviews: many pluses and a minimum of minuses - elite quality pump, which pumps premium water.
What borehole pumps to buy
1. If you need to irrigate agricultural crops in large areas, 4SR 15/10-F from Pedrollo will do.
2. For a small family living in a house with several taps, ECO VINT1 from UNIPUMP or MICRA HS 302 - 6 from DAB will fit.
3. For an average family living in a house with a complete set of plumbing and household appliances, the best option would be TF3-60 from Belamos or BTsPE 0.5-32U from Aquarius.
4. Owners of houses with a pool and a fountain can purchase a Water cannon PROF 110/110 from JILEX or 4BLOCKm 4/14 from Pedrollo.
5. For residents of several cottages with one well, Neptun fl120 60M from ESPA is suitable.
6. Customers who are satisfied with the quality of fluid from a sand well can install Elpumps BP 1/4.
When buying, you also need to take into account that for an expensive downhole unit there is always a cheaper, but not inferior in quality, alternative.
vyboroved.ru
Negative consequences of well pollution during operation
In the vast majority, not only after drilling, but also during operation or after a long downtime, pumping a well is most often necessary for sandy species. The bottom of their aquifer usually consists of sand, clay or pebbles, silting leads to the following negative consequences:
Reducing the depth of the water source
It may have Negative consequences for submersible electric pumps located at a short distance from the bottom, the filters and components of the working mechanism supplying water will begin to clog with dirt, which will lead to an accelerated failure of pumping equipment.
Water quality is deteriorating
In addition to the fact that the silted bottom approaches the water-sucking units, the rising water, passing through the silted layer, carries along small particles of dirt, which contribute to the turbidity of the liquid. Water becomes unfit for drinking and domestic use, and it becomes too expensive to clean it with filters.
Debit is falling
The water pressure is prevented by a layer of dirt formed during the silting process, which resists its passage. Water may simply not be enough for domestic needs if the pump pumps out all the water from the well.
The water level is dropping
A drop in static and dynamic levels is a consequence of a change in flow rate and can lead to dry running of operating electric pumps.
These negative consequences do not appear immediately and serve as signs indicating the need to pump the well source.
Requirements for electric priming pumps
Not every electric pump pumps out contaminated water, for example, the answer to the question - “is it possible to clean the well with vortex views?” will be negative. Vortex models, due to their design features (small gaps between the impeller of the vortex wheel and the walls of the working chamber), are absolutely not intended for working with contaminated water. When choosing the right pumping equipment, the following criteria should be followed:
Well Compliance
A pump for pumping a well must be suitable for its parameters, primarily due to its pressure and immersion depth.
Water Quality Compliance
The polluted bottom of well sources may consist of various fractions: sand, clay or pebbles. The type of pumping device must be suitable for the structure of pollution, otherwise its operation in an unsuitable environment will be inefficient and lead to failure.
low cost
It is irrational to spend a lot of money in everyday life to buy an expensive pumping electric pump - when working in a polluted environment, the mechanism of any device wears out faster, and replacing parts in expensive equipment, in addition to its high cost, will lead to even greater costs.
This statement does not apply to organizations involved in the pumping of wells at a professional level. For example, expensive high-quality Gundfos submersible electric pumps, due to their high reliability after many years of operation, are more profitable to pump wells than domestic models.
High performance
This parameter affects the pumping time of contaminated water, which in some cases can take more than a day, and the cleaning efficiency. More powerful models suck up liquid from greater depths, respectively, taking away more contaminants than low-power devices.
The main types of electric pumps for cleaning wells
Due to their design features, several types of electric pumps most commonly used in everyday life can work effectively with contaminated water.
Vibrating
The use of vibration types for pumping dirty water has the following advantages and disadvantages:
low cost. All vibration models belong to products of the budget price category, the minimum cost of the Aquarius pump is about 20 USD.
Simplicity of design. Allows without special efforts and special equipment to independently repair or replace worn parts.
Working with dirty water. Vibrating electric pumps are best suited for pumping mud, sand and small pebbles quickly erase their rubber parts.
Principle of operation. The use of vibration pumps adversely affects the casing pipes, causing their deformation, and can also lead to complete silting of the well source due to the compaction of the sedimentary layer during vibration.
Low performance and uptime. These are the main disadvantages of vibration pumps, excluding their use for permanent water supply.
Screw (screw) submersible electric pumps
Screw electric pumps have the following distinctive features:
High price. The cheapest Unipump ECO VINT1 models are 4 times more expensive than vibration models - about 80 USD.
Working with contaminated liquids. The devices work well with very viscous clay soils, sand and small stones wear out the screw.
Simplicity of design. Single-screw household screw pumps have a simple device that allows you to independently clean, repair and replace parts without special skills.
Centrifugal pumps
Centrifugal types are the most common; both surface and submersible types are used to take pumped water from wells, which have the following features:
High price. Centrifugal electric pumps are quite expensive, the price of the cheapest Whirlwind models is 70 USD.
Working environment type. Special submersible centrifugal electric pumps are designed to work with fine solids - this allows them to pump water with sand.
Performance. Centrifugal pumps have high efficiency and pumping volume, can raise water to the highest height of all types presented.
For efficient pumping of wells, centrifugal electric pumps are most often used, designed to work with large particle sizes. Vibrating types are best used as auxiliary equipment for supplying water under pressure to the bottom of the well, causing mud to rise and mix.
oburenie.ru
How does a sand well work?
Sand wells are the most common sources, as they are located on the first layer. This design requires careful selection of the pump. The resulting water will initially be heavily polluted with sand, so not every unit will be able to pump it efficiently. This will create an additional load on the pump, so the sand source requires the use of special powerful equipment.
The aquifer is represented by sand deposits. The porosity of the material is large, and therefore the mobility of each grain of sand is also high. Sandy water flow creates an additional load on the pump. The device cannot pump dirty water for a long time, so it burns out quickly. It is beyond repair. What to do in such a situation? The reasons for the rapid failure of equipment is a poor-quality pump.
Specialists in the field of water supply have developed a methodology additional protection water and equipment from sand. When arranging a hydraulic structure, a natural filter made of fine crushed stone or pebbles is used. it good way inhibition of any washing or movement of sand in the entire well. For greater efficiency, a mesh type of filter is mounted at the end of the casing pipe.
Machine description
The sand pump is a single-stage and centrifugal equipment. The main task of this design is the pumping of abrasive slurries, waters with various impurities. But for effective pumping, a liquid must have certain properties.
The pumped solution must have:
- certain temperature (+5…60°С);
- density up to 1300 kg/m³;
- content of solid inclusions (up to 25%);
- maximum microhardness up to 9,000 MPa.
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