iã, lyññ 2lg, 30 „ * № 5895О
Registered by the Bureau of Inventions Gus
V. H. Dakhnov.
The inductive method of exploration of buried rocks is already known by studying the magnitude and direction of the magnetic, low-frequency alternating current field. !
One of the variants of this method, for which the proposed induction frame is intended, is as follows. Through the electrodes A and B, installed at a distance of 20 - 200 and, and in some cases more, an alternating current of low frequency (10 - ”
20 Pg). This current, passing in the earth, creates a magnetic field, which induces in a frame consisting of several hundred turns of wire, e. d.s.
e=HQN – 1 where H is the magnetic field strength, O is the frame area and N is the number of turns.
To determine the field components, it is necessary to measure the absolute value
1 induced in the frame e. d.s.
With the proposed, according to the invention, the induction frame is necessary; the ability to measure the absolute value of e. d.s. disappears. Measurements in this case are made by the compensation method.
The essence of the invention lies in the fact that inside the ordinary frame and in the same plane with it, a second frame with an adjustable number of turns is placed, included in the circuit of the current passed through the ground, so that relative measurements of the magnetic field can be made by the zero method, compensating the magnetic field penetrating the frame, created by the current in the ground, the magnetic field of the second frame.
In the accompanying drawing, Fig. 1 shows a diagram of the proposed device, FIG. 2 - in on the device on the side.
Alternating current from the GT source enters the ground through the electrodes AB. The circuit of this current also includes a compensation frame 2, equipped with a switch 3 to change the effective number of its turns. The winding of the main frame 1 is closed to the null indicator NI. Breakers 4 and 5 are provided in the circuit of the current generator and the null indicator, mechanically connected to each other by means of a rod 6.
Frames 1 and 2 can be rotated in bearings 7 fixed in stands 8.
When a current is passed into the ground, it, as indicated above, creates a magnetic flux that induces in the frame 1 e, d.s, e \u003d HNM - ”.
If there were no frame 2, this e. d.s. would be noted by the NI device. In the presence of frame 2, streamlined by the supply current, induced e.m. will appear in the turns of frame 1. d.s.
di e \u003d Mn -", dt where M is the mutual inductance coefficient of the loop of frame 2 with the turns of frame 1 and p - the number of turns of frame 2. At the moment of compensation, which is achieved using switch 3 by changing the number of turns of the frame and changing the direction of current flow , the current through the zero-indicator will become equal to zero and at this moment
di di e \u003d tnn — \u003d e \u003d HQN—
nsn = HQN, whence the desired field strength m
id/ where C is some constant of the device.
Measurements with horizontal and vertical positions of the frame system make it possible to determine the values of the vertical and horizontal components of the magnetic field, and therefore, to set the angle of inclination of the vector of this field.
When connected to the supply and receive circuits, synchronously acting interrupters 4 and 5 can be used to power and measure compensation power supplies and DC devices
The measurements described above make it possible, by calculation, to determine the direction of dip, the angle and direction of strike of sedimentary anisotropic rocks, the direction of dip of the ejector planes and the angle of dip of the ejector plane with a known value of resistance of the rocks adjoining in the direction of the ejector plane.
The results of the measurements of the components can be plotted on the map in the form of vectors, the beginning of the vector refers to the point where the frame is set, the value and on lIpBBJIt: iiHc are determined for the vertical component by the magnitude and direction of the geometric sum of the two values of And H, measured at two mutually perpendicular lines A, B , and
La B, In this case, the components are deposited perpendicular to the direction of the line to the right if the current in frame 2 at the moment when A is positive with respect to B passes counterclockwise, and to the left if the current in frame 2 passes counterclockwise at the moment of compensation (the direction of the current is indicated by the position of the switch 3). The vectors on the map are connected by lines, which for anisotropic rocks are the strike lines of the rocks and go around the explored structures, thereby determining the position of the latter on the terrain plan.
G1subject of invention
An induction loop for geophysical exploration with alternating current, characterized in that inside it and in the same plane with it is placed a second loop with an adjustable number of turns, included in the purpose of the current passed through the ground, in order to relative measurements of the magnetic field could be made by the zero method, compensating the magnetic field penetrating the loop, created by the current in the ground, by the magnetic field of the second loop.
Rep. editor P. V. Nikitin
Gosplanizdat M 36333 Zak. 1411 - 700. Signed. to the stove Z,lll - 41 g. Price 35 kopecks.
2nd type. Transzheddorizdat im. Lokhankov. Leningrad, st. Pravda, 15.
The modern home appliance market offers a huge selection of built-in hobs, and understanding their characteristics is often not at all easy. We will tell you how different types of hobs differ from each other and give some practical advice on choosing the best model.
gas or electric
Depending on whether the house is connected to the main gas, choose the appropriate type of hob. As for gas panels, their choice is much simpler: it is important that the device is equipped with gas control for safety (if the flame goes out, the gas supply automatically stops) and convenient electric ignition. Gas panels are most often enamelled, but there are models made of tempered glass, glass-ceramic and stainless steel.
As for electric hobs, everything is much more complicated with them, we will take a closer look at their most important characteristics.
induction or conventional
Induction cookers use the newest and most advanced technology for heating metal cookware with induced eddy currents generated by a high frequency magnetic field. The advantage of such stoves is a very high heating rate and economical energy consumption. In addition, the surface of the stove during the cooking process, of course, heats up, but still it is impossible to get burned on it and food remains do not burn on it.
A well-known minus of induction cookers is the ability to cook only in suitable dishes (cast iron, enameled and some types of stainless steel). Even special cookware for induction cookers is produced, in which heating occurs most efficiently. The easiest way to check if a particular cookware can be used is to bring a magnet to it: if it holds, then the cookware is suitable for induction.
However, progress does not stand still, and metal disc adapters for induction cookers have appeared in stores. With their help, you can cook in small containers that the induction burner does not “recognize” in normal mode, and even use non-magnetizable dishes.
Another important disadvantage of induction cookers, which few people know about, is the need to place them at a sufficient distance from other household appliances so that they do not disrupt the operation of other appliances with their magnetic field. For example, it is not recommended to install an electric oven under an induction hob, so that both devices do not fail.
Switches
Now fashionable to buy hobs with touch switches, which look very aesthetically pleasing (nothing spoils the appearance of a smooth, shiny surface) and, at first glance, are convenient from a practical point of view - the switches do not take up space, you can put a pan and other dishes on any part of the stove.
Mechanical(rotary) switches do not look so stylish, however, if I now had the opportunity to choose a hob, I would stop only at this option. I'll explain why. The fact is that the most convenient burners are always located on the first line - closer to the user. And the touch control panel is also right in front of you - near the convenient burners. The glass surface of the stove (normal, non-induction) in the area of the burners is very hot. To increase or decrease the heating power of an operating hotplate, you need to quickly touch the sensor. It is unpleasant (hot), but still bearable. It is much worse when you have cooked something, turned off the stove, and suddenly it becomes necessary to turn it on again. To turn on the burner, you need to hold your finger on the sensor for several seconds, and this is physically impossible to do until the hot stove cools down.
Burner shapes
For the convenience of users, many models of cooking surfaces are equipped with two and three-circuit burners, the heating area of which increases or decreases depending on the diameter of the dishes in which food is cooked. Oval burners are also very convenient, which in normal mode have a standard heating area, and when you turn on the “oval” mode, you can cook on them in large dishes.
With frame or no frame
This is more of an aesthetic choice, because from a purely practical and technical point of view, the presence or absence of a metal frame around the perimeter of the panel does not significantly affect anything. Some believe that the frame will limit the spread of “escaped” food so that it does not fall on the countertop. From my own experience, I want to say that if something "runs away" - you need to urgently eliminate the catastrophe, and not rely on a frame through which everything flows perfectly further.
Additional functions
Some models of hobs are equipped with additional functions, the presence of which is convenient, but not necessary: recognition of the presence of dishes (heating is immediately turned off if you remove the dishes or move them from the center of the burner), recognition of the size of the dishes (the burner automatically selects the width of the heating zone), burner timer ( turns off the heating at the specified time or notifies with an audible signal).
Cleaning
Glass hobs are cleaned with special non-abrasive products and a metal scraper to remove burnt food. So that the surface shines beautifully and dirt sticks to it less, after cleaning it is polished with a special compound. If the stove is regularly looked after and not “launched”, then literally a couple of minutes are spent daily on cleaning and polishing, and the stove will always look like new.
Sour cream cake in a pan
I found this recipe on one of my favorite culinary sites Edalnya.com. The cake is very easy and quick to prepare, it turns out incredibly tender and tasty, and at the same time it also looks very professional - no one will believe that you made it in just 30-40 minutes! The original gives a recipe for cottage cheese cream, but since the first time I didn’t have any condensed milk or good cottage cheese, I made sour cream - it turned out very tasty too, so I post recipes for 2 creams: original cottage cheese and sour cream.
Dough Ingredients:
- 25% sour cream - 200 g;
- granulated sugar - 180 g;
- flour - 380 g;
- olive oil - 3 tbsp. spoons;
- soda - 1 teaspoon;
- vinegar (to extinguish soda) - 1 tbsp. the spoon;
- vanillin - 1.5 g.
Cream cheese ingredients:
- soft unsalted cottage cheese - 350 g;
- condensed milk - 150 g;
- lime - 1 pc;
Ingredients for sour cream:
- sour cream 25% - 200 g;
- granulated sugar - about 1/3 cup (added gradually, to taste);
- coconut flakes - about 2-3 tablespoons;
- lime (optional) - 0.5 pcs;
- any jam or jam (optional) - a little so that the cream does not become too liquid.
To decorate the cake:
- coconut flakes (optional) - 2-3 tablespoons;
- bitter chocolate (optional) - 30 g;
- almonds (optional)
Cooking cakes:
Mix sour cream, sugar, vanillin and soda quenched with vinegar. Add olive oil and sifted flour, knead elastic dough. To prevent the dough from sticking, dust your hands and work surface with flour.
Cut the dough into 4 parts, roll each piece well to make a cake 0.5-0.7 cm thick. Using a plate or lid, cut out an even circle. The dough scraps should make 2 more cakes.
In a dry (without oil!) hot frying pan over medium heat, fry the cakes in turn for about 2-3 minutes on each side. To prevent the dough from bubbling, pierce it with a fork in several places. It is important to ensure that the cakes are only slightly browned, but not burnt. They turn out to be hard and brittle - this is normal, in the future they will be softened by the cream.
Curd cream preparation:
From a carefully washed lime on a grater, remove the zest and squeeze the juice. Mix cottage cheese, condensed milk, lime zest and juice, beat with a mixer. If desired, you can add 2 tablespoons of powdered sugar to make the cream sweeter.
Preparation of sour cream:
Mix sour cream, sugar and coconut flakes, you can without a mixer. Add the juice and zest of half a lime. Lime can be replaced with any jam or jam. Make sure that the cream does not turn out to be too liquid - to “thicken” it a little, you can add more coconut flakes.
Cake decoration:
Lay the cakes on top of each other, brushing well with cream. Top the cake with cream, sprinkle with grated chocolate and / or coconut flakes. If desired, it can be additionally decorated with frozen cherries or almonds.
Photo: beptugiare.vn, luxkuhnya.ru, okuhnevse.ru, twojeakcesoria.pl, chef.tm, edalnya.com, gorenje.com
At the entrance and exit, it is the simplest and most effective way to regulate traffic, and when providing paid services - control over compliance with the rules and time spent in a parking space. To exclude the influence of the so-called human factor, because a security guard can be bribed, he can fall ill, go away for natural reasons or be absent from the workplace for other reasons, regulating and locking devices are equipped with automation systems. These can be motion sensors, photoelectric relays and other devices, but the best solution is to use the so-called induction loops.
What is an induction loop
This is one or more turns of a conductor forming a frame through which a weak current flows. When a metal object is introduced inside them, due to the distortion of the magnetic field, the current strength or its frequency changes, which is recorded by a special electronic circuit. Depending on the purpose of the detection device, the reaction to this event is different. For example, sound signaling in metal detectors. Or starting the electric motors of any drive.
When the vehicle is in range of such a frame, it issues a control action that closes, opens or holds the boom in one of these positions. The logic of operation is set by special electronic devices, which are called loop controllers.
The installation of a barrier with induction loops consists in the fact that the sensitive elements are installed in such a way as to ensure the correct logic of their operation. For example, at the entrance to the parking lot, a frame is mounted, the control signal from which raises the boom. And right behind the locking device, there is another one responsible for lowering it. At the exit, the logic of the device is the opposite. Its algorithm is provided by connecting loops to certain controller connectors, the groups of which are indicated in the instruction manual. In this case, it is not required to have special technical knowledge, it is only necessary to connect the cables according to the scheme proposed for each of the cases.
Sensing elements are usually laid under the road surface, but if there are permanent structures at the entrance and exit, for example, solid walls along them, it is possible to mount it in another way - on the side of the locking mechanism or on top.
Sensitive frames, working on the principle of registering magnetic field distortion, have a number of advantages over other elements of automation.
They have a low false positive rate.
Their performance does not depend on external conditions. They do not care about light, temperature and humidity.
Connection options for induction loops
Depending on where the automatic barrier is installed, there are several options for connecting sensitive frames.
Directly under the boom to ensure safe passage - the beam will not lower until the vehicle leaves the loop.
Installing one hinge in front of the control mechanism, and the other below it. The first is activated after payment - by card or through a coin acceptor, and opens the beam. The second holds it for the duration of the journey and automatically lowers it after the vehicle leaves its coverage area.
Induction loops are usually included in the delivery of the barrier along with the control controllers. If they are not available, they can be purchased separately and connected according to the operating instructions.
- Touch Control You only need one touch to turn on the heating zones, select the power level or the heating zone. A mistake when turning on is absolutely impossible thanks to the light indication and the well-thought-out arrangement of the touch buttons.
- Induction Induction hobs use a fundamentally new method of heating, heating occurs due to an electromagnetic field and acts directly on the bottom of the dish, due to which induction heating is considered one of the fastest and has a high efficiency. Allows you to precisely control the cooking temperature by instantly changing the heating power, which will allow you to cook a variety of culinary dishes. The surface of the induction panels heats up only from the dishes and for this reason it does not heat up very much, it cools down quickly when turned off, which reduces the risk of burns and makes it easy to care for the panel.
- Booster function The "Booster" function briefly increases the power of the burner by about 15% - and allows you to achieve particularly fast heating of large volumes of liquid or to heat up the dishes to the desired temperature faster to start cooking, thanks to this you can cook your favorite dish much faster.
- Timer The electronic timer will help you set the duration of cooking, after which the hob will stop its work. The electronic timer allows you to set an acoustic signal that sounds after the set time has elapsed even if the hob is not in cooking mode. Set the time period for cooking the dish and go about your business, at the right time, the timer will turn off the heating zone itself or notify you of the end of the time period.
- Automatic shutdown A special function that automatically turns off the hob in case the user forgot to do it himself. The time for the emergency shutdown of the hob or the switched on burners depends on the preselected heating step. You can be completely confident in the safety of cooking.
- Residual heat indication The indicator light on Korting hobs stays on until the temperature of the respective heating field drops to 60°C. It can also be used to keep food warm when the hob is already off, saving energy and letting you know when to clean the surface.
- Child safety feature Korting has thought about the safety of your little ones in the kitchen! By turning on the "Child Protection" function, the control panel will be blocked, and the little fidget will not be able to turn on the surface, this will allow you to be sure that trouble will not happen to the younger cooks.
- Stainless steel frame The stainless steel frame adds integrity to the surface design, pairs well with ovens that have stainless steel elements, and helps protect the edges of the hob from accidental chipping.
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