If you decide to make your own source of water for yourself and drilled a well, and the first layer of water is drilled, then you need to carefully consider the choice of pump. Not every unit can pump water that is contaminated with sand. It happens that the smallest particles of sand get into the pump, and this leads to its malfunction. Flushing equipment, which is done in such cases, will not help.
What type of pump is best suited for such a source and the right choice of pump
To understand which pump will function best for such a source, you need to know the characteristics and properties. In such a situation, sand deposits are an aquifer. Due to the fact that the sand has a high porosity, then, accordingly, the grains of sand move actively. It turns out that when water moves in the reservoir, enters the well and the deep pump operates, the sand rises and enters the already pumped water. Because of this, it is possible to supply dirty water from the water supply.
Such a process negatively affects the pump motor, pumping dirty water, puts heavy loads on it, which it cannot withstand for a long time, and subsequently burns out. After that, it cannot be repaired. If in doubt which pump is better to choose, then seek help from a specialist who can give good advice and advise in such a choice. You can buy a pump for a well in the online store: "World of Pumps" by clicking on the link nasos-od.com.ua
On a note! It is worth knowing that in order to provide additional protection of water and the pump itself from pollution, specialists who are engaged in drilling wells and their arrangement make a natural filter from fine gravel and pebbles. This stops the movement of sand in the well itself. A strainer is also attached to the end of the casing pipe.
Vibrating pump
Such a pump is not recommended to be immersed in wells on sand. This device is not designed to process dirty water. The pump performs oscillatory movements during operation, and this only activates the movement of grains of sand. By installing such a pump, the well may become clogged with sand, then you will have to turn to the help of specialists to flush it.
Surface pump
Designed for shallow wells, no more than nine meters, not intended for processing dirty water. Even the slightest hit of grains of sand can lead to its breakage. Surface pumps are often used for suburban areas, wells or wells with little depth.
Centrifugal pump
This type of pump is the ideal solution for a sand well. He is not afraid of sand or clay, he copes with such pollution easily, which does not harm his work, and therefore, his service life will be long.
Water enters the outlet due to the rotation of the blades. The centrifugal force that appeared inside the unit supplies water from the well to the pipe. Such a device pumps contaminated water. From user reviews, we can say that up to 1.5 kilograms of pollution is pumped per cubic meter of water. In any case, you need to install well filtration, it’s not worth the risk, since such equipment costs a lot of money.
screw pump
This is not afraid of strong pollution from sand and clay, it can pump up to two kilograms of sand per cubic meter of water. They are used both for shallow wells and for wells of great depth, it can be up to 300 meters. This does not affect the performance of this device.
The efficiency of autonomous water supply systems largely depends on the correct choice of equipment, when deciding which is better for a well, it is recommended to listen to the opinion of experts and read the reviews of the owners of various models of units.
The choice of a submersible pump for a well should be based on an analysis of operating conditions, an assessment of the technical features of the water source.
First of all, pay attention to the following characteristics:
- The depth of the hydraulic structure and the maximum possible head of the pumping unit.
- The diameter of the casing pipe, and the possibility of using the pump based on its overall dimensions.
- Water quality, many pumps are not designed for pumping liquids with a large amount of mechanical impurities (sand).
- The required performance of the equipment (expenditure characteristics) must meet the needs of all consumers.
Based on these data, you can choose pumps of various price categories.
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Budget pumps
If irregular operation of a well of small depth is expected, then it is quite possible to get by with pumps of an inexpensive price segment. At the same time, it is possible to choose models of domestic and imported production.
Perhaps one of the most popular models of domestic equipment. The cost of the unit is 5-6 thousand rubles, depending on the configuration and modification. The outer diameter of 102 mm allows the pump to be installed in wells with a cross section of at least 110 mm. The body is made of stainless steel (the main working units of the pump part are brass).
Provides a water lift of 50 meters, the maximum capacity of the installation is 2.4 cubic meters per hour. It is distinguished by reliability and unpretentiousness; when installing in a well, it should be remembered that the minimum distance to its bottom should be 60 cm, and the immersion depth should be at least 50 cm.
Ideal for domestic and country needs, can be used all year round, compatible with automatic control systems.
differs in small dimensions and the minimum consumption of the electric power (to 750 W). It can be used to provide water to consumers of various groups, while the maximum flow rate reaches 3 cubic meters of water per hour.
The optimal well depth is 20 meters, while the pump can be installed in hydraulic structures with an internal section of 85 mm or more. A feature of the models of this series is the use of a floating impeller, which makes it possible to increase the reliability of the pump when pumping water with mechanical impurities (sand). The cost of units of this series starts from 6 thousand rubles.
. The products of this brand have always been distinguished by quality and reliability, and this model also belongs to the budget price segment. The pump power of 1.73 kW allows for a flow rate of up to 7.5 cubic meters per hour, while the maximum head is 106 meters.
The unit is equipped with protection against power surges, dry running, which significantly increases its working life. It can be used as part of automated water supply systems, provides filling of various tanks, is considered a universal pump. The average price is 6 thousand rubles.
Costing from 7 thousand rubles, it can be used to supply water with an insufficient degree of purification (up to 150 grams of sand per cubic meter of water). The maximum productivity is 3.3 cubic meters per hour, while the pump can be operated at a immersion depth of up to 30 meters (maximum head 45 meters).
Differs in high tightness, it is easy in service, it can be established in wells, wells, reservoirs of various type.
Medium range pumps
The list of pumping equipment for wells at an average cost is quite extensive, experts advise paying attention to Gileks products. Units with a power of up to 1.1 kW provide a head of up to 115 meters, while the maximum productivity can be 6.9 cubic meters per hour.
The features of the models include the use of a special filter in the design, which allows the use of equipment even in wells with a significant content of sand in the water. During operation, the device does not create vibration loads that can have a negative impact on the well casing.
They have high efficiency, they are reliable and durable, operation and maintenance do not require significant financial costs. The cost of various modifications of water cannons of this brand varies from 5 to 15 thousand rubles.
Quality pumps at a higher price
If you need equipment that can last the entire period of operation of the well, you must give preference to more expensive models.
As a rule, such installations are characterized by high efficiency, reliability, and can be operated in various conditions.
Can be purchased for 27-50 thousand rubles. For this money, you will receive an installation that supplies up to 7.5 cubic meters of water per hour, while the maximum pressure can be 155 meters. They are considered one of the most suitable types of equipment for providing country cottages.
They can be operated in wells with a minimum cross section (internal diameter from 76 mm). It should be noted that the units of this manufacturer are quite sensitive to water quality. Durability and trouble-free operation are provided by various automatic protection systems (against dry running, overheating, power surges, and others).
None of the owners of Grundfos SQ pumps regretted purchasing these particular devices.
Submersible pump "Pedrollo 4BLOCK 4/14" with an average cost of 23 thousand rubles, it allows the supply of water with a sand content of not more than 150 grams per cubic meter.
Italian traditional manufacturers guarantee high quality equipment, pumps are reliable, can be operated for a long period without additional maintenance. It is installed in wells with casing with a cross section of 100 mm or more.
They provide a flow rate of 6 cubic meters per hour with a maximum head of up to 88 meters. All main elements of the device are made of stainless steel, equipped with a three-phase electric motor, the safety of which is ensured by the tightness of the case and the presence of automatic protection systems (IP68 degree).
Water cannon chastotnik 115/75h belongs to the category of automatic water supply systems, the average cost (depending on configuration) is 27 thousand rubles. Provides a flow rate of 115 l / min, a maximum head characteristic of 75 m, can be operated at depths up to 30 m.
Quite easy to use and easy to manage. The automated system allows you to set the required operating parameters (flow rate, pressure in the pipeline, etc.). It allows you to simultaneously ensure the selection of water at several points, it is considered one of the most optimal equipment options for providing a country house or cottage. Recommended when it is necessary to ensure a significant flow of water for a long time (baths, saunas, laundries).
Multistage submersible pump "Wilo Sub TWU 3" differs in traditional German quality, can operate in the mode of up to 20 starts per hour. The main components are made of stainless steel (with the exception of polymer impellers), which guarantees a significant working life of the plant.
It can be installed in wells with a diameter of 75 mm or more, the maximum immersion depth is 60 meters, with a possible head of up to 125 meters. The pump is available with various types of electric motors (single and three-phase), economical and easy to operate, does not require frequent removal for maintenance. The price varies from 29 to 45 thousand rubles.
used to supply water from various sources. The sealed housing provides reliable protection even from dirt. The average flow reaches 4.2 cubic meters of water per hour, the maximum head is 92 m, the immersion depth is up to 25 m.
Equipped with a lower water suction with a built-in filter that provides protection against various mechanical impurities (clay, sand, other inclusions). The impellers are made of special thermal plastic resistant to various aggressive media. It is distinguished by reliability and unpretentiousness, the cost of the unit reaches 22 thousand rubles, which is quite inexpensive for equipment of this class.
The choice of pumping equipment is quite wide, so it is easy to choose the optimal model for various operating conditions.
If you do not have experience in this matter, then you should contact a specialist who can evaluate all the features of your well. In this case, the pump will last a long time and trouble-free.
High-pressure mud (or drainage) pumps should be in the arsenal of any suburban housing owner or summer resident using autonomous water supply and sewerage systems. Such pumps, which belong to the drainage category, are indispensable in cases where it becomes necessary to clean a silted well, pump out water and silt from an overflowing septic tank or drainage pit, remove accumulated water from a personal plot, from a basement or cellar of a house.
Unlike conventional liquid pumping devices, the mud pump is specifically designed to handle liquids that contain sand, silt and other insoluble matter. For the manufacture of high-pressure mud pumps that can withstand increased loads, especially strong and wear-resistant materials are used.
Principle of operation and scope
By its design, the mud pump is a single unit consisting of an engine and a working mechanism placed in a common housing. An oil chamber and a block of sealing elements are located between the engine and the working mechanism of the high-pressure mud pump. A conventional submersible pump has a multi-channel design, while mud pumps have only one channel through which the contaminated liquid medium is pumped.
Household models of submersible mud pumps, as a rule, have a power of 1.5–1.75 kW; they can be used to pump contaminated liquid from wells, the depth of which reaches 60 meters. The density of the liquid pumped by such high-pressure pumps should be 1.1–1.2 kgf / cm 3, and the amount of impurities in it should reach 10%. The size of insoluble inclusions contained in the liquid pumped by domestic models of high-pressure mud pumps can reach up to 5-10 mm, and imported - up to 50 mm. During operation, the mud pump must be cooled, which is ensured by the liquid surrounding it. A special filter is installed on the suction pipe of the high-pressure mud pump, which limits the particle size of insoluble impurities contained in the pumped liquid.
Depending on the design, submersible mud pumps can be rotary or vibrating. The main working element of rotary pumps is an impeller with blades rotating on the rotor shaft inside the device housing. In vibration pumps, the role of such an element is performed by a steel membrane, which vibrates under the influence of alternating current and thereby creates a rarefaction of air in the working chamber. Vibration pumps, although they are characterized by lower power when compared with rotary devices, are characterized by higher reliability and a longer service life, since there are no rubbing parts in their design.
Among the high-pressure mud pumps, semi-submersible devices should be distinguished, designed to pump a medium with a density of 1.3–1.5 kgf / cm 3. Such mud pumps, the working part of which can be made of corundum steel, ebonite or rubber, can operate at a temperature not exceeding 60 °.
For pumping media with a higher density, as well as media containing inclusions with a fibrous structure (fabrics, algae, etc.), mud pumping devices of a different type, fecal ones, are specially designed. In the design of such pumps, the inlet and outlet pipes of which are distinguished by expanded diameters, there is a special impeller that cuts fibrous inclusions into smaller fractions.
The most common applications for high pressure mud pumps are:
- pumping out used dirty water during construction work and maintenance of production processes (pumping out sludge water, etc.);
- a decrease in the level of groundwater after heavy rainfall, floods or flood situations;
- pumping out water and silt from basements, cellars, sewers and pools;
- cleaning of wells, replacement of polluted water in artificial reservoirs;
- organization of watering of green spaces growing on personal plots.
Advantages and disadvantages
The mud pump, the design of which is specially designed for pumping liquid media containing a significant amount of insoluble impurities, has a whole list of advantages:
- high mobility (this makes it easy to carry and use the drainage pump in those places where it is needed at the moment);
- high power, allowing the use of a mud pump for pumping liquid media from great depths;
- anti-corrosion properties of the body;
- a special design, which is designed in such a way that even in the cold season, the parts that make up the submersible pump do not freeze;
- low noise during operation.
Of course, like any technical device, a high-pressure mud pump has its drawbacks.
- The body of such a device is non-separable, so it is almost impossible to repair a submersible pump if it is out of order, it can only be replaced with a new one.
- Since the submersible pump is constantly in a liquid medium during operation, quite serious requirements are imposed on its electrical safety.
In addition to submersible mud pumps, modern manufacturers offer models of surface-type pumping equipment that are installed on the surface of the earth, and only a hose or pipe connected to the suction pipe of the device is immersed in the pumped liquid medium. If we talk about the advantages that distinguish a self-priming mud pump of a surface type, then they should include:
- a fairly low cost when comparing such a pump with submersible models;
- ease of installation and maintenance;
- high electrical safety.
Meanwhile, surface-type mud pumping devices can be used only in cases where water containing dirt and other insoluble inclusions in its composition needs to be pumped out from a shallow depth - no more than 8-10 meters. Another significant disadvantage of high-pressure surface mud pumps is that such devices emit quite a lot of noise during their operation.
When choosing a pump for cleaning a well or for solving any other problems associated with pumping contaminated liquid media, one should take into account not only the depth of the source from which such a medium will be pumped out, but also the distance over which it will be transported in a horizontal direction, as well as the degree of its pollution and the size of the inclusions contained in its composition.
Labeling rules
When designating a model of pumping equipment, which today is produced by many domestic and foreign companies, manufacturers do not adhere to uniform rules and regulatory requirements, but a certain pattern in this matter can be traced. So, in the marking of many models of such equipment there are both alphabetic and numeric characters. The letter part of the mud pump marking usually contains the following information about the equipment:
- pump type;
- speed factor.
The digital part of the marking indicates the diameter of the inlet pipe in mm.
The labeling of faecal mud pumps contains the following information:
- SM - waste-mass type device;
- XX is the diameter of the suction pipe;
- XX is the diameter of the discharge pipe.
On many models of high-pressure drainage pumps, you can find this type of marking - XXX / X FN, which is deciphered as follows:
- XXX - the volume of supply in liters, which the pump is able to provide per unit of time (min);
- X is the pressure of the liquid, measured in meters;
- Ф - type of pump (fecal);
- H - body material (stainless steel).
The marking of pumping equipment may also contain other information (in particular, the presence of automation).
Using a drain pump to clean a well
Cleaning the well with a drainage pump is a fairly common procedure, the regular implementation of which allows you to always get well water that is not contaminated with sand, silt and other foreign matter. Some owners of dachas and country houses, in whose household territories there is a source, acting in the old fashioned way, clean it manually, using a brush and a bucket on a rope for this purpose. Meanwhile, without using a cleaning pump in combination with this method, it will be quite difficult to solve the problem. In practice, in order to effectively purify well water, they try to apply both methods: first, using mechanical means, they clean the walls of the shaft, and then, using a high-pressure mud pump, they clean the water-bearing lens.
To understand why well cleaning requires such a comprehensive approach, it is necessary to understand what can cause water pollution in a natural water supply. So, the most common factors affecting the pollution of well water are:
- the quality of the soil in which the source is equipped;
- operating conditions of a hydraulic structure, the reliability of protecting its water layer from sunlight, which is the cause of the development of flora (blue-green algae) and fauna (bacteria and microorganisms);
- the quality of the arrangement of the clay castle and its tightness;
- reliability of protection of the water layer from sewage and untreated water from nearby reservoirs.
The following signs indicate that the well urgently needs high-quality cleaning.
Individual water supply of a private house cannot be imagined without pumping equipment that delivers water to the consumer; for this, several modifications of electric pumps with different operating principles are used. One of the popular types is the screw pump for the well, mainly used for water intake from sources whose water basins are located on the sand.
Screw (screw) electric pumps, represented on the market by submersible models, are produced by many leading domestic and foreign manufacturers of pumping equipment, their cost does not go beyond the average price for this category of units. In order to choose the right electric pump, several classes with different operating principles are considered, while a screw borehole pump under certain conditions has some advantages over other varieties.
Rice. 1 Popular models of screw pumps
Pumps installed for pumping water, depending on the location relative to the water source, are conditionally divided into two groups: surface and submersible.
The first ones are installed on the ground next to the well, a pipe or a pressure hose is lowered into the mine for water intake, while the maximum suction depth (location of the water mirror from the surface soil layer) does not exceed 9 m. technical characteristics with a maximum volume of pumped liquid of 5 m 3 / h and a head of about 50 m, the efficiency of devices is not more than 50%. Usually, surface units are included in the package of pumping stations, which are a single unit in which, in addition to the electric pump, a hydraulic accumulator and a pressure gauge are installed.
Submersible pumps are on the market in several varieties with different operating principles, depending on the design, cost and quality of well water, they are used in the household for a variety of purposes.
Rice. 2 The principle of operation and design of a centrifugal electric pump Centrifugal
Centrifugal electric pumps occupy a leading position among other types due to the following design feature arising from their principle of operation - the inlet water flow enters the impeller axis and is displaced by its blades through the nozzle on the side of the housing. Thus, it became possible to connect any number of centrifugal wheels with chambers (stages) in series with an increase in pressure at each stage.
The pressure in household modifications reaches 200 m or more, the throughput is up to 20 m 3 / h, the efficiency increases with an increase in the dimensions of the pump unit and reaches 65% for household high-quality models of Danish and Italian production.
High-quality centrifugal electric pumps from world-famous European concerns are equipped with internal protection against winding overheating in the absence of coolant, have a built-in check valve, expensive models are equipped with an electronic shaft speed control unit depending on the amount of water consumption using pulse-width modulation. This solution makes it possible to reduce the dimensions of pumping equipment, practically eliminating them, as well as save electricity, reducing its consumption by 40%.
The consumer is in high demand for centrifugal pumps from the world's best manufacturers of pumping equipment: Grundfos (Denmark), Pedrollo, Speroni (Italy), Wilo (Germany), Russian brands Belamos, Aquarius, Unipump (manufactured in China). It should be noted that the difference in prices between the products of leading foreign companies and products of Russian or Chinese production is quite significant, a high-quality electric pump from Grundfos costs about 1000 USD, while a domestic or Chinese pump with similar characteristics can be purchased for 200 USD. e.
Rice. 3 Vibrating electric pump - device Vibrating
The manufacturing technology of vibration electric pumps has not undergone significant changes since Soviet times, so there are many Russian brands on the market, there are products of Ukrainian and Belarusian production, and Chinese models are present in sufficient quantities.
The difference between vibrating electric pumps from other types is the absence of rotating parts and, accordingly, bearings, the principle of operation is based on the reciprocating movement of the coil armature when AC is applied to its winding. A rod with a piston that draws in water is welded to the armature of the electromagnet; a check valve is installed near the inlets to prevent the outflow of liquid into the source.
Vibrating models have a rather low efficiency of about 35%, the maximum volume of the pumped liquid does not exceed 1.5 m 3 / h, the head is not more than 80 m.
These characteristics are considered not too high to provide water to a private house with even one person living, therefore, vibropumps are mainly used for household purposes: for irrigating garden beds, filling pools, ponds, various types of containers with water, and drainage work.
Since vibrational species are not too sensitive to a high content of suspended particles in water, they are often used for pumping wells and wells, extracting cloudy water with clay-sand fractions from them.
Vibrating pumps are classified as products of the budget price category, their minimum cost is about 20 USD, the average price of a typical high-quality unit is 30 USD. On the market, vibropumps are represented by a large number of domestic (Brook, Malysh, Summer Resident, Aquarius, Whirlwind, Bison) and Chinese (Oasis, Patriot) brands.
Rice. 4 Peripheral pump - design Vortex
In vortex varieties, water is sucked in through the side opening of the hydraulic part of the housing by the blades of the impeller and then thrown out through the discharge pipe located next to the suction channel.
A feature of vortex pumps is the small distance between the impeller of the petal wheel and the walls of the working chamber, which is necessary to reduce hydraulic losses, so the units operate only in clean water. The highest pumping volume of household electric pumps of the vortex principle of operation does not exceed 5 m 3 / h, the pressure reaches 100 meters, the efficiency is not more than 50%.
In vortex models for domestic use, the feed wheel is located at the top near the outlet, and the electric motor with a vertical shaft, on which the vortex wheel is mounted, is installed below.
The liquid is sucked in through a perforated filter located around the impeller - by its location in the upper part near the outlet pipe, it is easy to determine the vortex principle of operation of the electric pump.
On the market, vortex pumps are less common than centrifugal models, domestic manufacturers are represented by the Belamos, Whirlwind, Unipump brands, and the Italian Pedrollo Davis deep-well pump is popular.
Rice. 5 Screw pump - internal device and screw assembly Screw (screw)
Electric pumps that suck in and push water using the Archimedean screw method are called screw pumps, this is the second most popular group after centrifugal pumps. In household appliances, the screw is located in the upper part and is connected through an adapter to the motor shaft.
The advantage of screw electric pumps is the simplicity of design and the ability to work effectively with turbid and dirty water, as well as with viscous media, thanks to the latter feature, screw modifications are widely used in industry for pumping oils and refined products.
Screw electric pumps from world trade leaders (Grundfos, Wilo, DAB, Pedrollo, Speroni) are not on sale, the units are represented by well-known Russian brands Belamos, Jemix, Whirlwind, Unipump Eco Vint, Aquarius, Sturm group of companies.
On sale you can find screw electric pumps and less popular brands of Russian and Chinese production: Host, Alba, Oasis, Patriot, Vodotok, as well as Octopus from the Ukrainian company Varna from Kharkov.
Note: A distinctive feature of domestic-made vortex electric pumps is perforated rectangular holes in the upper third of the housing through which water is drawn.
Rice. 6 The principle of operation of the screw pump
The principle of operation and design of the screw pump
In a standard auger household electric pump, the working screw is made in the form of a spiral pin made of corrosion-resistant material, which is chrome-plated steel, stainless steel or high-strength plastic. The fluid sucked in by the rotating screw enters the technical polymer cage and is then pushed out into the upper outlet pipe of the electric pump.
A screw electric pump used in everyday life consists of the following main components (Fig. 7):
1 — Electric part with a vertically located single-phase electric motor with a dry rotor and an oil-filled chamber separating the engine compartment from the hydraulic part, a starting capacitor is located inside the lower part of the housing.
2 - The hydraulic part consists of a housing, a water intake filter and a working auger rotating in a holder made of an elastic polymer (rubber) - a screw and rubber coupling assembly pushes the liquid entering the housing through perforated holes 3 to the outlet pipe.
3 - The intake part is a stainless steel cylinder with holes made in the side walls for drawing in water.
4 - On the top cover of the pump, made of brass or stainless steel, there is an outlet pipe and lugs.
5 - The outlet pipe is made with an internal thread with a standard diameter of 1 inch, a check valve and a water-lifting hose are attached to it.
6 - A nylon or metal cable in synthetic protective insulation is tied to the eyes.
Rice. 7 Structural arrangement of the screw pump
Distinctive features and parameters of screw electric pumps
A typical screw pump for wells used in individual water supply has the following technical parameters:
- Power supply voltage: variable 220V ± 10%, with a frequency of 50 Hz.
- Temperature range of pumped liquid: from 0 to 35 °С.
- Pumped water pH: 6.5 - 8.5.
- Operating temperature range of the environment: from 0 to +40 °С.
- Minimum immersion depth under the water mirror: 0.5 m.
- Permissible volume of mechanical particles in the pumped water: - no more than 500 g/m 3 , the content of fibrous materials in the liquid is not allowed.
- Permissible diameter of mechanical fractions: - 1 mm.
- Maximum pressure: 3 m 3 / h, for most models it does not exceed the threshold of 1.5 m 3 / h.
- Limit head: up to 200 m, this indicator is a rare exception, most modifications create a head pressure of no more than 100 m.
Rice. 8 Key Features of Chinese Oasis The main advantages of screw electric pumps:
- Low cost, the price of the cheapest models is about 80 USD, in general, all models are cheaper than centrifugal types.
- Simplicity of design. The working part consists of a screw and a rubber cage, they are easy to maintain and, if necessary, simply replace, which makes the repair of auger units very simple.
- A screw pump for a well, due to its principle of operation, can transport liquid with large fractions of sand and clay deposits - this is its main advantage. A submersible screw pump is preferably used for water intake from well sources on sand, often with a high content of suspended particles of clay and sand. Although their parts are mechanically attacked by solid particles, the life of the screw pump in turbid sources will be longer than that of centrifugal models.
The disadvantages of screw units include the mediocre quality of many products (chrome-plated screw, quickly abraded clip) and not too high technical characteristics, noticeably inferior to centrifugal types, as well as low efficiency, not exceeding 45%.
Application area
We can say that a screw pump for a well, due to the ability to pump out dirty water, is the leader in the number of areas in which it is used in household chores. A screw borehole pump is purchased for:
- arrangement of water supply for cottages and wells;
- filling artificial ponds, pools, tanks for heating and drip irrigation;
- irrigation of vegetable gardens, orchards and any areas with plants in the garden;
- drainage in case of flooding of basements, cellars and basements in the house;
- pumping wells after drilling, some professionally engaged firms specifically purchase screw pumps for this purpose;
- cleaning wells and wells from silt deposits.
Rice. 10 Parameters of screw pumps of the Unipump Eco Vint series Well installation rules
To immerse a screw electric pump into the well, either an adapter is used, to which a cable is tied and a water supply pipeline coming from the unit is attached. Usually, before diving, tie the pressure hose, power cable and retaining cable together with insulating tape or plastic ties, the following rules are observed during installation:
- Lifting pipes can be selected from low-pressure polyethylene (HDPE), steel or flexible elastic polymers, the main condition is the ability to withstand the maximum pressure in the system and an internal bore diameter not lower than the thread size inside the outlet pipe.
- When using a flexible hose, make sure that there are no kinks or twists.
- For lowering and lifting, use only a nylon or metal (stainless) cable, it is forbidden to hang the unit by an electric cable.
- Before diving, you should make sure that the inner diameter of the casing string is higher than the outer dimensions of the pump casing together with the electric cable, and that the pipes do not have bends and narrowed sections.
- It is not recommended to place the power cable in a coiled coil - this leads to its overheating and melting of the insulation.
- The minimum distance of the pump from the bottom of the well is 0.5 meters, the optimal distance is 1 m.
- It is forbidden to operate the pump on a closed tap - this will lead to its failure.
- Mandatory installation in the control system, even if there is an internal protective automation against overheating of the winding.
- When installing modifications that do not have a built-in check valve, it is installed on the outlet pipe in front of the water-lifting pipeline.
Rice. 10 Scheme of installation and connection of the screw unit
When comparing which borehole pump is better: centrifugal or screw, there is no definite answer, since the scope of these pumping units is slightly different. Screw electric pumps are usually used in situations where it is necessary to work with contaminated water, while due to their relatively low technical characteristics, the well should have a shallow depth or be located closer to an individual house. It is impossible to find European-made screw pumps on the domestic market, all goods are supplied to the distribution network by domestic and Chinese firms, so user reviews regarding the quality and materials for manufacturing screw units are contradictory.
A well pump is perhaps the most important component of any well. It is the pump that supplies water from the source to the pipes, ensures its constant flow.
There are many varieties, but today we will focus on screw models, as they have a very interesting design and principle of operation.
1 Features and purpose
Modern well pumps can be surface and submersible. In the first case, we consider a powerful pump with a rotor, which pumps water by sucking it through the working chamber. These devices do not differ in excessive performance and are capable of lifting water at a depth of up to 10 meters.
Submersible pump models are special equipment that pumps water while being directly in a well or well. They are immersed under the water column and left there for the entire time of operation. Submersible models are much more powerful and productive than their surface counterparts.
They are able to work at a serious depth and give out pressure from 50 meters of water column. Feedback from users also suggests that submersible pumps do their job much better, although they are more expensive.
A screw well pump just refers to submersible pumps that are engaged in pumping water from a well. It is called screw due to the fact that the main working mechanism in it is the “Archimedes screw”. This is a rather important nuance, since almost all submersible models for pumping water are equipped with centrifugal elements.
2 Types, characteristics and reviews
If we talk about specific varieties of screw pumps, then there are not so many of them. This is due to the fact that the screw pump itself is a type of submersible equipment.
However, it should be emphasized that screw submersible pumps can still be divided by working depth. According to this parameter, they are divided into:
- Standard;
- Deep.
Standard screw pumps are intended for use in wells and shallow wells. These can be sand wells that extract water from sandy aquifers. Their depth rarely reaches 20-25 meters, and the flow rate is relatively low.
For such conditions, the screw pump is best suited, as it is able to deliver a stable pressure and practically does not react to working with contaminated liquid.
2.1 Popular manufacturers
It is worth paying attention to the manufacturers of screw models of pumping equipment. Moreover, a lot depends on the manufacturer now. Large companies are interested in satisfied customers around the world. Therefore, you should not expect a dirty trick from their products.
Screw pumps Aquarius of the BTsPE series are very popular now. They are practical, productive and at the same time extremely compact. These products can be installed in wells up to 110 mm in diameter, which is an achievement in itself.
Also on the market there are screw pumps from the Belarusian company of the same name. They are renowned for their low cost and build quality.
From foreign manufacturers, it is worth paying attention to Unipump pumps. They cost a little more, but the high price is offset by extreme reliability and practicality during operation.
2.2 What is the installation technology of screw pumps?
By and large, submersible screw pump models are mounted in the same way as any other downhole stations. Nothing extraordinary is required of you here, although some attention should still be paid.
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