An electric underfloor heating is used as an additional source of heat. This scheme works well on floors of any kind and settles in homes of any material. Distinctive feature- simple installation that will appeal to an inexperienced master. It is good to mount such a floor in rooms where it is very difficult to lay a heating system. For example, a balcony or terrace. Sometimes, underfloor heating is used as the only heating method, in which case it is necessary to take into account the upcoming energy costs.
Benefits of electric floors
Electric floor heating has a number of advantages, thanks to which it is often used in an apartment or a private house.
- Possibility of heating the whole room, as well as a separate part of it. Warm floors can be laid over the entire area of the room, or you can install it only in a certain part. In this case, space zoning is performed.
- Electric warm floors are convenient to use, since they are controlled by a remote control or a temperature controller is used.
- It is possible to connect to the system smart House". In this case, the heating can be controlled remotely.
- simple and easy installation that does not require special tools.
- No possibility of leakage.
During installation, the floor occupies no a large number of the height of the room, and therefore it must be used where this moment will not have a negative impact
Such floors are easier to use in high-rise buildings, since the standard water heating method puts a greater load on the floors, and the electric warm floor weighs several times less.
Warm floor But it should not be noted that such a coating also has disadvantages.
Disadvantages of electric floors
These include:
- Possibility of a short circuit - this problem can occur with any electrically heated device and a warm floor is no exception. This problem should be prevented by checking all cables before installation. floor covering.
- Energy costs are not so much a problem as a disadvantage. When using such a scheme, an increase in costs cannot be avoided - the decision depends on what use is envisaged:
- If electric floor heating is used as a permanent power source, then it makes sense for reliable home insulation. For example, to make high-quality thermal insulation of walls. In this case, heat losses will decrease and, as a result, heating costs will also decrease.
- If the system is used as an additional source of heat, then it makes sense to lay the elements where there is the most movement. As a rule, the most frequent movement is carried out in the center of the room, respectively. heating elements should be laid in the center. Thus, fewer elements will be required, and costs will be reduced by heating a certain area of \u200b\u200bthe room, and not all at once.
Sometimes radiation is singled out as disadvantages. But in fact, such a system is no different from another electronic device, and therefore you should not be afraid of harm from him.
Types of electric heating
On the market for electric underfloor heating, you can find several versions. Each has its own pros and cons. In order to understand which option is best suited to a particular housing, it is necessary to study each of them.
Electric underfloor heating is divided into 2 types by action:
- Resistive - heating in this type of heating is carried out by cables.
- Infrared - heating is carried out due to a special component that transfers heat to surrounding things.
Cable electric floor
The cable version is different in that it uses cables to match the quality of the heating elements. Connected to electricity, they heat up due to which the surface is heated.
Solid wires
Cables with one core are both a conductor of heat and a heating element. If the installation of electric underfloor heating occurs with such a cable, then it is important that the ends of the wire converge in one place. This is necessary to connect the system to the control unit.
Two-core wires
Two-core wires are much more convenient in terms of use. One core is needed for heating, the other closes the circuit. When using these cables, the meeting of the two ends is not necessary. Therefore, it is more often used, it is much easier to bring one end of the wire to the control unit than to mount the system so that both ends meet in one place.
heating mat
The convenience of mats is that you do not need to independently calculate the necessary power, this was all done by the manufacturer. Mats are bought depending on the number square meters to which the heating element is to be mounted.
Infrared heating types
Rod type of heating
A kind of infrared floors is a rod electric warm floor. It resembles a rope ladder with wooden or metal rungs. But a rod with a heating element is used as crossbars.
Underfloor heating is provided by this rod. And as a "rope" a polymer is used that can be cut to carry out the installation. However, the cut polymer will need to be fixed into the circuit, as it plays the role of a conductor.
Film type of heating
Electric floor heating can also have a film look. AT this case surfaces are heated by infrared radiation. The elements responsible for heating transmit a thermal signal over short distances, heating what is next to them. These elements are made of carbon paste, and copper wires, which are enclosed in a film, are responsible for heating it. Most often used for styling film version because it is easy to install.
Film option The film floor has a very small thickness, and therefore it can also be used where ceilings have a limited height.
Thermal sensor for electric floor
If you decide to install electric underfloor heating in the house, then you need to thoroughly prepare for this. In addition to materials such as concrete, flooring and other Construction Materials, you need to purchase the required set of underfloor heating and additional elements that will control the system.
These elements are:
- Temperature sensor - it shows the temperature data.
- Thermostat - it is necessary to set the temperature to which the element will heat up.
Both of these elements work in pairs, as soon as the temperature sensor detects the temperature to which the elements have heated up, the thermostat receives a command and turns off further heating.
Modern thermostats can be equipped with various parts that allow you to mount an electronic underfloor heating. In this option, you can set the heating and shutdown temperature, and the data can be stored once, further control will be taken over by the thermostat system.
heat sensor In new models of the device, control can be carried out remotely by installing a SIM card. That is, in fact, the control sensor is transferred to the phone.
By means of an SMS message, you can set the time to turn on and turn on the heating, the temperature of the floor heating.
Also, you can turn off the entire system, if necessary.
Calculation of the power of underfloor heating
Before choosing a warm floor, it is necessary to calculate the area of \u200b\u200bthe room and the power of the system, so that it can heat the home. First you need to decide on the mode in which the heated floor from electricity will be used. If the floor will be the main source of heat, then use complex scheme calculations. If the floor is used as an additional source, then the calculations in this case are much simpler.
When using a warm floor as the main heating system, an accurate technological calculation is needed, which should take into account such points as the area of \u200b\u200bthe house, the number of doors and windows, and possible heat losses. At the same time, when the area is calculated, you need to pay attention to the furniture that will be placed in the room. Warm floors must be laid on those spaces that are free from furniture.
An exception to this condition is the heating rod elements. They can be laid over the entire area, as they are self-adjusting.
When calculating, it is important to correctly calculate the possible heat loss. Close attention should be paid to these data, since incorrect calculations will lead to the fact that such a system simply will not be able to cope with the heating of the room and the house will be cold. Possible heat losses are calculated using special tables. It is best to entrust these calculations to specialists. They calculate more accurately. required power systems.
If the electric floor heating will be used as an additional source of heat, then the necessary calculations can be made independently. In this calculation, it is necessary to take into account the type of floor used, resistive or infrared, the laying area, that is, the area on which the heating elements will be located and the power of the wire.
Laying rules
Before you start laying floors, you must familiarize yourself with the laying rules. It is necessary to strictly follow the instructions, then you can guarantee the correct and accurate operation of the entire system.
These requirements include the following:
- Before laying, it is necessary to install a thermally insulating layer. This is necessary for all types of floors, as part of the heat energy will not go down. In this case, heat loss will be minimal, and floor heating will also occur faster. In this way, electricity costs can be reduced.
- When placing floors, the location of furniture must be taken into account, heating elements cannot be placed under them, except for rod floors.
- From the walls there should be indents of 5 cm. And from heating appliances(batteries) at least 10 cm.
- When laying, it is necessary to observe the wire pitch, and also not to allow the wires to cross.
- During installation, it is important to ensure that there are as few cuts for turns as possible. Thus, the integrity of the system is not violated. All incisions must be carefully insulated. If this rule is not observed, power is lost, and there is also the possibility of a short circuit.
- Connections of small pieces of the floor are also undesirable, the minimum section length should be at least 50 cm. When buying a warm floor, it is better to take it with a margin.
It is imperative to install an RCD device, it will turn off the heat supply in case of problems. For example, if power is lost, the RCD will disconnect the system from electricity.
All floor installation work is best left to a professional electrician.
Also, for electric floor heating, it is better to allocate a separate line where only this system will be connected. Also, it is better to bring the system to a separate machine, in case of problems with electricity or the floor itself, you can de-energize the system with this device.
Installation of a warm electric floor
Before choosing electric underfloor heating, it is better to clarify what kind of flooring is planned to be laid and how the base for the underfloor heating will be prepared. Already depending on these data and buy a floor heating system.
There are three ways to mount the floor:
- Screed installation.
- Mounting on a screed, but fixing with tiles.
- Installation under flooring, but not under tiles.
If it is necessary to install an electric underfloor heating in a screed or under a tile, then you will have to choose cable systems or rod floors.
Laying the film floor is only allowed under the floor covering. Moisture damages this floor. Therefore, it is desirable to lay it in rooms, and not in sanitary facilities.
The installation itself is almost the same:
- A layout plan is drawn up, taking into account the location of furniture and indents. The plan is best done on graph paper with respect to scale.
- A layer of waterproofing and a layer of insulation are laid, if necessary.
- The markup is transferred to the prepared base.
- According to the markup, the floor is laid. All places that are cut, if necessary, must be insulated. Also, the position of the temperature sensor and thermostat is determined. The latter is installed on the wall and from the place of its installation it is necessary to lower the strobe to the floor.
- After laying all the elements, check the resistance.
- A pipe is laid in the strobe, one end of which is connected to a thermostat, and the other end contains a temperature sensor. The end of the pipe with the temperature sensor is placed in the middle of the nearest heating elements.
Electric heating layer cake Verification work
After these works have been carried out, it is necessary to check the operability of the sensor and the thermostat, once again the resistance and the system are completely de-energized, and the regulator is removed. Then, the screed is poured, the tiles or flooring are laid. Moreover, if a screed is planned, then first they wait for the concrete to dry, then they check the performance of the system again, and then they mount the floor covering.
It is worth checking how the temperature sensor is removed from the pipe, this is necessary so that later it can be replaced without problems if necessary.
Energy saving
The electric floor heating system has its pros and cons, which are described above. But, if properly designed and used, this system will only cause positive emotions. Don't be afraid big expense electricity, and, as a result, an increase in payments. At reasonable approach to use, the number of kilowatts will not increase much, and the heat in the house will be constant. This effect is achieved by using the floor only during hours when someone is at home.
Also, it will not be superfluous to think over and warming problem areas: doors, windows, balconies. Thus, it is possible to minimize heat loss, respectively, and the system itself will not work at full capacity. The effect of the work done can be seen on the heating bills.
Heated floor in the apartment.
It is better to do a warm floor in an apartment at the stage of repair - this is beyond doubt. You will enjoy walking barefoot warm tiles, it is not only pleasant, but also useful.
At present, making such floors is not a problem, but the question arises of the quality of installation and use. Since the floor needs a certain time to warm up, and the thermostat is located nearby, you must first turn it on, then wait for it to heat up, and only then go, for example, to the bath. In this case, most people either don't turn it on at all because they don't want to take the time to warm it up, or they don't turn it off and it heats up all the time. And at night, and during the holidays, and when you are at work. Accordingly, it is unsafe and costly.
Underfloor heating in a smart home is controlled automatically. You set the time when the floor will be turned on and the time when it will be turned off from the application on your smartphone. For example, you wake up at 8, go to the bathroom, the floor is already welcoming you with pleasant warmth, then you go to the kitchen, and the floor has already warmed up there. And, leaving for work at 9, you know for sure that the floor has turned off and will not “fire up” electricity. Also, a warm floor can be controlled from a simple switch, the main thing is that you feel comfortable and convenient. But everyone has their own level of comfort, which is why the underfloor heating sensor shows the temperature to which it needs to be heated. So, each of the family members can set the optimum temperature for themselves.
Warm floor in the house.
Underfloor heating in a house is similar to that installed in an apartment, but is most often used for space heating in general. It is important to know that if there is no smart home, it is quite difficult to achieve optimal and well-coordinated work of the underfloor heating and radiators. It will always be either too hot or too cold. And if we add air conditioning and ventilation to this, then optimum temperature will be very difficult to achieve. You will constantly turn on / off the air conditioning, heating and exhaust. Terribly tedious and inconvenient, is that what you are building a house for?
When all microclimate functions work in a single system, this is called a smart warm home. We do not waste resources, but use them as efficiently as possible, based on the sensors of the MiMiSmart system.
It is difficult to imagine a Smart Home system without underfloor heating. It additionally warms up the room, making morning gatherings or evening rest especially comfortable. We can equip a heating system in a children's room, bathrooms, living room, corridor or in all areas of an apartment or cottage.
Temperature control is carried out using various devices:
- touch panel fixed in the room;
- switch;
- smartphone or PC through the program.
To date, the most effective way home heating is . Not only the comfort and durability of the system, but also the efficiency and resource savings in comparison with other types of heating depend on the correctly chosen type of temperature control. In this article, we will look at the most modern systems management warm floors water and electric. Below you will find out how you can remotely control the heating in country house via internet, wifi or even sms messages.
Electric heating
To control floor heating, mechanical and electronic thermostats, which, using a remote probe, take readings and maintain the temperature at a given level, regardless of environment and time of day.
Programmable thermostats allow you to turn on the heating of the surface at a given time, days and weeks, and thanks to this you can get significant savings. They are equipped with such functions as morning rise, working day, evening, preparation for sleep. Some models are equipped with an anti-freeze function, maintaining a minimum positive temperature in the room, thereby preventing the room from freezing in the absence of people.
There are paired controllers thermostats, allowing from one place to control electric underfloor heating in different rooms. These devices allow you to save on the purchase of one controller, instead of several separate copies, which in monetary terms will be much more expensive.
Models of thermocontrollers with radio access allow you to work with four separate modules. The readings from the sensors are displayed on the remote control and it is possible to monitor the temperature of the floor and air in the rooms. Electronic multi-zone programmable microcontrollers with radio access are combined into executive modules consisting of underfloor heating elements and electric radiators. Such devices are connected to the smart home system and allow you to monitor the modes in each room separately, as well as set days, weeks, and hours of operation.
AT this moment The MCS 300 built-in modules appeared on the market. This device can be used to control electric heating via wifi interface. AT home network through a Wi-Fi router, allows you to connect to such devices through special programs from anywhere the globe. Using the program, you can simultaneously interact with 32 thermostats. Access to devices from multiple locations, including the Internet. Through mobile phone, tablet or computer, the operating mode, time and degrees are set.
You can learn more about the remote control of electric underfloor heating by watching this video:
System control via phone
In addition to the MCS 300, devices are used to control via the GSM network, via SMS commands. This remote is part of smart home and allows you to receive real-time information about the status of sensors through messages such as penetration, temperature, lighting, resource consumption (for example, water and light). Also, through SMS commands, you can turn on floor heating, a boiler, and so on in advance.
water system
From the ability of the water heated floor control system to respond in a timely manner to temperature changes not only of the coolant, but also to the state external environment, depends on the feeling of comfort from being in the room. And to reduce the inertia of the system, controllers with weather-dependent regulators are installed, room thermostats and damper servomotors on each heating loop.
This unit is designed to maintain the set temperature and control the coolant flow in the heating circuit. It is equipped with the necessary control equipment and elements that ensure the stable operation of the circuit, as well as prevent the pump from working on a closed plug.
The figure below shows an adaptive circuit of a temperature controller with a PID controller that regulates the state of the coolant depending on the outside temperature.
Due to the presence of a digital interface in these controllers, it is possible to connect to the smart home system for wireless control and parameter settings via the network and the Internet.
Learn more about modern version control water underfloor heating over the air, you can in this video:
The use of radio thermostats
That's all I wanted to tell you about how to do automatic control warm floor with your own hands. As you can see, there are a lot of ways and you can choose suitable option not only for electrical system heating, but also for water. We hope our instructions were clear and useful for you!
Last fall, during the overhaul of the kitchen and corridor, I first encountered electric underfloor heating. I have three segments of underfloor heating, and three thermostats in the walls. The porcelain stoneware on the floor is pleasantly warmer, and the monthly electricity bill has grown noticeably. The dream of underfloor heating has transformed into a dream of a smart thermostat. Under the cut is a description of the device that turned out in the end.
What's wrong with conventional thermostats?
I bought three ErgoLight thermostats for myself. Because it is the most inexpensive solution with child protection. I have a son with very playful hands. Ordinary mechanical thermostats with twisters, they would definitely live only according to his, childish, laws. While the child lock saves the thermostats, the truth is that you have to adjust them when the child is sleeping. Because the algorithm of this protection is extremely simple - hold the only settings button for a long time. So, the first problem is that sooner or later the child will hack this protection.
The target temperature on these thermostats is adjustable in steps. Step sizes vary by different models. On the ones I have, the scale has marks of 5, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 35 degrees. In my case, it turned out that 30 degrees is weak, and 35 is already too strong. This is problem number two.
The third problem surprised me with its unexpectedness. Apparently, in the kitchen, we placed the temperature sensor too close to the corridor segment. As a result, when the thermostats are set to the same values, two segments in the corridor are the same temperature, and the kitchen segment is noticeably cooler.
The fourth problem is appearance. I somehow picked up at least a slightly suitable series of socket-switches. They look similar, but not exactly the same. I didn’t think about this at the start of the installation of a warm floor. But the thermostat and the outlet can easily be close by and the difference will be very striking. Actually on one wall I have such a neighborhood has a place to be.
The fifth problem is that the LEDs shine quite brightly. Maybe for some this will not be a problem, but on the contrary - some kind of night illumination of the corridor. But I room doors with glass inserts and the light from the corridor through these inserts sometimes makes it difficult to fall asleep. Especially when the protection is on and the piercing blue LED is on.
The sixth problem is the lack of centralized control. In principle, I would be willing to turn off the floor heating by hand at night. But I have three thermostats in the kitchen hallway. This summer, two more were added in the toilet-bathroom. With every thermostat set to child-proof mode, turning off five devices at night and turning them on in the morning becomes too much of a task for a lazy me. Easier to pay for electricity. Plus, in the morning I would like someone else to turn them on. And I would, in half an hour, was already walking on the heated warm floor.
Yes, there are thermostats for sale with the ability to work on a schedule. With LCD screens and bunches of buttons. But for me personally, they are not particularly interesting. Because a) design and b) price. Buying five thermostats of three thousand each, which will look very clumsy in the walls next to my outlets, is not mine.
What is good about our smart thermostat?
In general, controlling the thermostat from the wall is evil. You need to pay attention to the design, invent a child lock. When there are several thermostats, it is still not convenient to crawl around the apartment to set them up.Almost every series of socket-switches has a special device - a plug. It is not always sold in consumer goods stores such as Leroy or Ob. But google and buy this is usually not a problem. I bought myself these for the Legrand Carvia series.
If you place a radio-controlled thermostat behind such a plug, then several problems are solved at once. And with appearance, and with child protection, and with central control. This is exactly where our COOLRF WF1 thermostat is designed for.
Respectively:
- There are no controls on the wall at all. Child protection is absolute. At least until the child gets access to the web interface. But this should happen much later, there will be more brains and less playful hands.
- No bright indicators, the thermostat silently lives behind a plug.
- The exterior design is exactly what you want. No difference or compromise.
On board is a power supply for the control part, a Wi-Fi radio module based on the ESP8285 chip, a relay, feedback to control the sticking of the relay. An NTC temperature sensor from ErgoLight thermostats is used, R = 10 kOhm at +25°C.
We are currently testing the second revision of the device. Development history can be tracked
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