A plow for a walk-behind tractor is an attachment designed for processing any type of soil, including dense and viscous. The use of such equipment allows farmers to reduce the cost of physical energy and reduce the time of agricultural work. You can make such a device yourself. It is cheaper than buying a finished factory product. Equipment of its own design can be installed on any units, including motor cultivators with a reverse drive.
Kinds
Before choosing a plow for a walk-behind tractor desired design, should be studied existing types such devices. Depending on the nature of agricultural work, the following are used:
- single-hull,
- double-hull;
- rotary;
- rotary;
- dump;
- wasteless units.
Can be made by yourself universal plow to a motor-cultivator which will be suitable for the majority of types of soils. The best option for ploughing. personal plot and for use by people who do not have the appropriate skills, a lightweight single-hull design is presented.
Single and double hull models
The single-furrow plow is used for plowing soft soil. It is equipped with one plowshare. Such agricultural equipment is easy to assemble and use, has a relatively low weight and a small number of structural elements. It can significantly facilitate the process of harrowing on small area earth.
The double-furrow plow model is intended for processing any type of soil that does not contain stone inclusions. Such an arable device is suitable for cutting even furrows, hilling crops, and destroying weeds. It is recommended to install on walk-behind tractors up to 3.5 hp. It is possible to make a double-furrow plow with a fixed or adjustable furrow width.
negotiable
The unit of this type is intended for plowing hard-to-cultivate soils. The required engine power of the cultivator depends on the dimensions and weight of the plowshare. Making a reversible plow with your own hands is somewhat more difficult than a single-hull model. It is distinguished by the presence of a working element (feather) bent at a precisely adjusted angle in the upper segment of the structure. This allows you to turn the soil layer immediately when lifting. Back model — optimal choice for plowing hard ground.
Rotary
The rotary design is designed to perform complex agricultural work on difficult-to-cultivate soils. large area. For self-manufacturing this is the most labor intensive option. In its design, it is similar to a motor cultivator. This model is equipped with several plowshares mounted on the same axle. The advantage of a rotary plow lies in the possibility of processing hard soil to a cutting depth of 0.3 m without great physical effort. It allows you to plow the soil simultaneously along different trajectories due to the movable design of the shares.
Moldboard and non-moldboard
A plow for a motor cultivator can be moldboard or non-moldboard. Models of the first type are in demand by summer residents and owners of small land. According to the method of plowing, such devices are divided into:
- furrowed;
- smoothly plowed;
- leaving no furrows.
Equipment of the latter type is used when it is necessary to process the soil into a dump. For plowing the soil into collapse, a plow is used, leaving furrows. The moldboard design, which has a special angle of inclination of the plowshare, allows you to simultaneously loosen and turn over the removed layer of the earth. Moldboardless models are most often used in dry areas with strong winds and soil erosion.
Advantages of homemade plows
A plow with a skimmer for a walk-behind tractor can be aggregated with a device required power, ensuring full structural and technical compatibility.
Advantages of homemade equipment:
- accuracy of calculations with the definition optimal angle inclination;
- obvious economic benefit, since the manufacture of the unit with my own hands cheaper than buying a factory model;
- confidence in the quality of materials and workmanship.
Productivity field work provide a disc plow. He handles well heavy soils with a high concentration of weeds.
Drawing of details of a plow for a walk-behind tractor
Layout diagram of functional and structural elements and detailed drawing plow can be made independently. Maximum accuracy will avoid assembly difficulties and the negative impact of errors on performance characteristics finished unit. It is necessary to strictly adhere to the overall parameters of the parts. Even a slight inaccuracy can greatly affect the performance of the equipment. Three structural surfaces are included in the drawings with the dimensions of the attachment for the walk-behind tractor:
- The plane of the slide is lateral.
- Bottom horizontal.
- Front dump.
A typical scheme of the simplest homemade plow consists of:
- Two handles made of steel pipe.
- Frames.
- Rack retainer with screw size M10 or M8.
- Mounting fork for frame hinge.
- Drawbar.
- bearing.
- Jumpers between handles.
- Joint shaft.
- Lock nuts.
- Adjusting washer.
- Drawbar handles.
- Tee.
Depending on the type and purpose of the inventory, this list may include other items.
Homemade single-hull plow
The single-body model should be equipped with an adjustable stand, which will allow you to successfully adapt this simple homemade plow under a motor-cultivator and available conditions of field works. High-quality cleaning of welds, careful grinding and painting of the structure will not only give an aesthetic appearance to the product, but also ensure its durability. The plow tine is made of a steel plate about 10 mm thick. After manufacturing, it is desirable to harden it.
plowshare
For the manufacture of the plowshare, sheet steel with a thickness of 2-3 mm is required. You can use a circular disc. It is made of high-strength alloy steel grade 9XC, designed to work under heavy radial loads. The cutting edges of the shares are sharpened at an angle of 45°. You can also make self-sharpening double-layer blades from a special steel alloy. This is a more expensive option. In addition, they still need periodic manual sharpening.
The well-optimized working surface of the share plows the soil easily, without unpleasant jerks and does not cause operator fatigue.
Sharpening is best done on an anvil with a preliminary heat treatment of the metal, which will provide an HRC hardness of about 55 units. It is advisable to make the plowshare removable. This will facilitate the process of periodic sharpening and will allow you to adapt arable equipment under different types soils.
Dump
This structural element can be done different ways. You should choose the least expensive in terms of effort and materials. For the manufacture of the blade for the plow, a durable steel pipe. Its diameter should be at least 30 cm, and the wall thickness - 40-50 mm. The pipe is placed on flat surface and cut out a blank of the required size from it. It is recommended to pre-make a cardboard template, which will help prevent errors in dimensions and maintain the specified shape of the blade. Cutting is best done using a welding machine.
The work item obtained as a result of these manipulations is carefully processed with emery or grinder. It is important to ensure optimal bending. To do this, you will need sheet bending rollers. The workpiece is fed into them at an angle of 20-23°. After completing the bending procedure, you can correct the shape with a hammer. The most labor-intensive and technologically hard way receiving desired part- the use of a hearth for heating and a matrix, which can be the blade of another plow.
Assembly
If everything is done correctly in the previous steps, the assembly should not cause significant difficulties. To do this, you need a sheet of steel with an area of \u200b\u200bat least 25 cm². All parts are welded to it, including the side shield.
Such work requires special care, since parts of the future agricultural equipment must be well-fitted, and the corners must match. The side shield, which ensures the stability and reliability of the assembly, is connected to other elements by spot welding. If a discrepancy in the geometric configuration is noticed, then the shape of the blade is easily corrected with a hammer.
Share attachment
This structural element is attached to the back surface of the blade and the side plane of the bed. The latter, with the help of a welding machine, is attached to the spacer element and the plate base, to which the persistent steel corners for the plowshare are attached.
All parts of the structure should protrude beyond the side shield by a few millimeters. The steel sheet used for the accuracy of the assembly of the structure is separated from it with a chisel or by hand. circular saw with cutting disc installed. Welded seams should be treated with emery, and the plowshare and blade with fine sandpaper.
How to make a rotary plow for a walk-behind tractor
The rotary design is a manual unit on a special hitch. In the manufacture of such a tool, it is important to place the plowshare blade 1.5-2 cm below the horizontal surface of the skid, and its frontal base should fit snugly against the blade. Plow with support wheel for a walk-behind tractor is also assembled on a sheet of steel.
After completion of welding work, the polished surfaces are thoroughly cleaned, filled with technical lubricant and rubbed with rags. This will protect homemade agricultural equipment from corrosive manifestations. The rear surface of the welded share should be made as even as possible. The angle formed by it and the lamellar base of the equipment should be in the range of 18-20 °, and the rear surfaces of the working edges - 12-15 °.
Plow dimensions for walk-behind tractor
A self-made swivel mounted implement must be compact, relatively easy to operate, light in weight and at the same time have high productivity, the ability to process large-scale land plots and function properly in difficult field conditions. The recommended dimensions of such equipment are:
- 570x380x250 mm (LxWxH);
- share coverage width - 205 mm;
- estimated plowing depth - up to 13 cm;
- the angle between the cutting edge of the plowshare and the field surface is 40-45°;
- angle between vertical plane blade and cultivated soil surface - approximately 48 °.
The share angle must be 16°. This will ensure the smooth entry of the working blade into the soil and the durability of the product.
Double-sided plow for walk-behind tractor
The two-sided model, called the hiller, is used for killing weeds, cutting neat furrows, planting and backfilling. cultivated plants in particular potatoes. Such a device differs from a single-hull modification only in the grip width, which is regulated by movable steel wings. This design includes 12mm poles to prevent overloading the cultivator.
Such attachments are designed to work with engines with a power rating of at least 4 hp. They are equipped with a special small plow that follows the leading working part and slightly undercuts the soil. This facilitates the further plowing process. Before making a plow of this type, it is necessary to draw up an appropriate drawing, taking into account the features of its design.
How to make a rotary plow for a walk-behind tractor with your own hands
A rotary plow (ploughshare) is the most complex modification of such equipment for making by a handicraft method. In the factory version, it looks like an assembly consisting of many parts of an unusual geometric shape. Making such a device yourself, you first need to make a pair of shares from alloy steel. They will be connected to the square posts. Therefore, everything should be accurately measured and calculated the contact angles, the degree of rotation, the synchronism of their movement in relation to each other and the frame.
How to install and adjust the plow on a walk-behind tractor
You need to set up the plow after preparing the walk-behind tractor to work with attachments own production. The unit is placed on a stand. Wheels with rubber tires are removed. The performance of the equipment, the speed of plowing the soil and the service life depend on the correct adjustment. The wheels of the device on rubber tires must be replaced with lugs, which will provide increased cross-country ability. loose soil. The plow is installed by attaching it to the fasteners for attachments.
Do not immediately completely tighten the bolts with which the inventory is fixed on the cultivator bracket. They also perform a regulatory function. When carrying out this important operation, which directly affects the quality of plowing, the coincidence of the longitudinal axes of the self-made agricultural device and the latch is taken into account. Adjustment of the plow is carried out only after checking the correctness of its installation on the bracket of the walk-behind tractor.
Plowing depth and how to set it
The plowing depth should reach at least 20 cm. It is easy to set it up. To do this, the unit rolls out to the place of the upcoming work, where the control pass is made. A cord is pulled along the approximate first furrow. It is advisable to immediately turn the handle of the device to the left in order to move along the surface that has not yet been plowed. The passage to the opposite end of the section is made at minimum speed. This will allow you to check the correct installation of the plow and make the necessary adjustments.
The right lug should be placed in a fresh furrow and moved forward slowly. After the first pass, the device turns 180° and moves in reverse direction. In this case, the depth of the furrow made is estimated. If it is unsatisfactory, the inventory is adjusted using the bolts of the fixing bracket. It is necessary to ensure that the right lug does not leave the furrow, and the equipment rack is placed perpendicular to the soil surface.
How to set up a plow on heavy walk-behind tractors
To use homemade attachments on a heavy unit, it is necessary to carry out the standard preparation of the walk-behind tractor described above. The difficulty lies in the fact that incorrect adjustment will not only take a lot of effort, but will not allow you to achieve a satisfactory plowing quality. Adjusting bolts tilt the plow body so that the angle between its heel and the ground is 16°. The control handles rise to the level of the operator's belt. If the distance between the crests of two adjacent furrows does not exceed 10 cm, the plow is adjusted correctly.
Depending on the size of the site and the type of soil on it, it is necessary to select a walk-behind tractor. Its design and technical specifications a suitable type of attachment is determined. Small country cottage area soft soils are best handled with a simple cutter mounted on a plow. Attachment adjustment acquires special meaning when plowing hard soil with clay and rocky inclusions, as well as a large field.
It is recommended in such conditions to equip the plow with special nozzles of the type " crow's feet", made of high-strength carbon steel. home design feature such devices - triangular shape cutting surface that provides crumbling and grinding solid deposits. They wind on their blades with ease and weeds. The quality of tillage with a hand-made plow is not inferior to branded models.
Any landowner who manages a fairly large plot knows how difficult it is to cultivate the land. Naturally, each of them is looking for every opportunity to simplify this process, and in this they are helped by rapid progress in the field of agricultural technology. One of the best helpers when working on the field there will be a plow.
What is a plow and what is it used for?
A plow is a high-tech tool that is used to plow the land. This is, in fact, an agricultural device with a wide sharp tip (ploughshare). The main and main area of \u200b\u200bapplication of the plow is plowing and cultivating the land so that it can grow different cultures. What used to be done with your own hands and was a long painstaking work, can now be done several times faster and more efficiently.
In addition, it is possible to install a plow on an MTZ walk-behind tractor, a tractor or a mini-tractor. And it's very easy to do it yourself. Thanks to the use of a plow, you can achieve perfect furrows in the field, the same size of the layers, plow any soil.
There are several different types of plow for working different soils:
- for processing marshy soil on which to be a large number of shrubs and trees not exceeding 4 meters in height;
- for plowing solonetzic and podzolic soils;
- for plowing garden plots;
- for plowing rocky lands;
- for processing black soil by plowing furrows up to one meter deep;
- for soils that are under the influence of wind erosion.
Installing a plow on an MTZ walk-behind tractor
The MTZ motoblock is a universal wheeled vehicle that perfectly copes with any work in the field or garden. When installing a plow for an MTZ walk-behind tractor, you need to remember that a wheeled walk-behind tractor can roll to the side if the hitch is incorrect, thus interfering with work. Therefore, the plow on the walk-behind tractor is fixed with a special pivot, and the hitch is used either universal or standard.
If you use this method of hitching, you can reduce the force of earth resistance and eliminate the heeling of equipment. Adjusting the plow on the MTZ walk-behind tractor is needed to set up such features of working with it as:
- inclination of the angle of the field board;
- depth of plowing of the earth;
- slope angle.
Only knowing how to adjust the plow on the MTZ motoblock, it is possible to get high-quality processing of a certain field for planting different types cultures.
The reversible plow for the MTZ walk-behind tractor passes the field according to the “furrow to furrow” principle, avoiding the appearance of a ridge or an extra furrow. In order to make a reversible plow for the MTZ walk-behind tractor with your own hands, it is necessary, first, to completely think over the turning mechanism, using a hinged joint that turns the drawbar in a certain trajectory to the mounts. After you need to make a plowshare. This element is removable, which is quite convenient. It is beaten on an anvil and sharpened.
Using a pipe with a diameter of approximately 0.5 meters and a wall thickness of at least 5 mm as a blank, the future plow is cut out according to the template by gas welding. All details are polished without fail. When the mechanism is ready, the plowshare and the blank for the plow, the body itself is created, steel 2-3 mm thick is best suited for its manufacture. After all the preparations, it is necessary to assemble all the details together into a complete design - a plow for the MTZ walk-behind tractor.
In addition, for the reliability of your product, it is best to carefully study all the drawings and rules for working with metal.
With the help of a walk-behind tractor, a wide variety of agricultural work is carried out, such as: plowing, mowing, planting various crops, hilling, transporting goods, etc. But for each type of work, a special one will be required. In this material, we will talk about a plow, and the question arises of what to do: buy a plow, or make a plow for a walk-behind tractor with your own hands.
Plows are divided into several types that differ from each other constructively. Today, single-hull plows, reversible, and rotary are used for walk-behind tractors.
Single furrow plow
This plow is structurally very simple, and finding its drawings and diagrams is not a problem. Because of this, just making such a plow on your own will be optimal, especially for those owners of walk-behind tractors who do not have special skills.
Making a homemade single-hull plow for a walk-behind tractor will not be difficult. After all, almost everyone in the household has unnecessary pieces of metal and an improvised tool.
Drawings of a plow to a walk-behind tractor
Using the experience of craftsmen who made a plow for a walk-behind tractor with their own hands and left drawings, the share should be made in such a way that it is removed, this will facilitate its sharpening before plowing.
Alloy steel 9XC, from which I make blades for hand saws, is considered ideal material, for the cutting part of the plow.
Suitable steel grade 45, when hardened, brought to a hardness of HRC 50-55. If only ordinary steel is at hand, say carbon St5ps, which is not subject to heat treatment, then having beaten off the cutting edge on the anvil and sharpened it, it is quite suitable for tillage.
Dump for a plow of the motor-block
The plow blade is the part that takes the earth to the side.
The first way to make a blade:
The working surface of the blade must be given a curved shape. If there is a metal bending machine or sheet bending rolls, then it will not be difficult to give the workpiece the desired shape.
A metal blank 3-5 mm thick is required, the rollers are guided at an angle of 20-22 degrees, as shown in the drawing, and the desired bend is given.
Second way:
Here, preparation. A pipe with a diameter of 600-650 mm can serve (it is this diameter that will require less labor, since the bend of the pipe will maximally repeat the desired bend of the future dump) and 3-5 mm thick. From cardboard, we make a template, and apply it to the pipe, not forgetting the angle of 20-22 degrees, as shown in the drawing below.
We circle the template with a pencil or chalk, and cut it out with gas. welding, if necessary, we grind the workpiece and bring it to the desired condition.
Third way:
Probably the most difficult way to make a blade, when the workpiece is heated and, using a matrix, is given desired shape, which can serve as a blade from another plow.
The material of the plow body is steel sheet grades St3 - St10 with a thickness of 3 mm.
Drawing of details of a plow for a walk-behind tractor
a - a plowshare made of alloy steel;
b - side shield of the rack, St3;
c - spacer plate, St3;
g - plow base plate, St3;
d - field board, corner 30x30 mm;
e - stand, pipe with a diameter of 42 mm
We advise you to first make the plow parts out of cardboard and attach them to each other in compliance with the required angles. So, the values of the angle α on different parts of the plow body will be from 25° to 130°, the values of the angle γ - from 42° to 50°. If a homemade model plow made of cardboard suited you in all respects, you can proceed to work with metal.
When the metal parts of the plow are ready, you need to find an additional sheet of steel 3 mm thick, 600x600 mm in size, you will need it to assemble the plow, and welding machine(better inverter). On this sheet, we retreat from the edges of 40 mm and measure the angle γ0.
Plow assembly
2 - side shield of the rack;
3 - additional sheet 2-3 mm
Using wedges with an angle of α0=25 degrees and an angle of γ0=42 degrees, a plowshare is installed on an additional sheet and attached to the sheet by welding, pointwise from both sides.
The side shield of the rack is connected to the plowshare vertically so that its edge goes beyond the plowshare by 4-7 mm, while the flap should be raised higher than the blade of the plowshare (that is, higher than the additional sheet) by 6-8 mm, so as not to interfere with the plowshare, cut the ground. The shield is also attached to the share and to the additional sheet.
Plow share attachment
Countersunk screw M8;
base plate;
Corner 30x30x90 mm;
Nut M8
If it is found that the corners and / or surfaces do not match, then the blade is brought with a hammer. After adjusting the blade to the plowshare, it is welded to the plowshare from behind, and to the side shield. Then the side shield is welded to the spacer bar and the base plate, the stop corners for the share are attached to the last welding.
Homemade rotary plow for walk-behind tractor
The rotary plow is versatile. As you know, when plowing the soil with a single-hull plow in one pass, the soil layer is turned over by a plowshare in one direction. To turn the land in the same direction during the second pass, you have to return to the beginning of the previous row and start from the same side of the site.
A rotary plow will allow you to plow much faster - at the end of the row, after turning the walk-behind tractor, the plowshare simply turns in the other direction and tillage continues.
How to install a plow on a walk-behind tractor
Before you start setting up and installing the plow, you need to prepare the walk-behind tractor itself. Installation begins with the installation of the walk-behind tractor at the work site, the wheels are dismantled and the lugs are installed. (Cm. ). Grousers give the walk-behind tractor a better grip on the soil, excluding slippage.
Next, we begin the installation, it is recommended not to tighten the nuts much, for further adjustment, if necessary. Then he fixes the hitch to the mounting system of the walk-behind tractor with two steel pins. At the end of these manipulations, you can begin to adjust the plow.
Plow adjustment on a walk-behind tractor
The adjustment of the plow on the walk-behind tractor is carried out with the maximum observance of the instructions, because the quality of the further work depends on it. This is done in stages:
For balancing, we put the walk-behind tractor on wheels on a flat area. The adjustment of the supports determines the depth of penetration of the plow into the ground, so you need to plow the frozen soil no deeper than 15-20 mm, and spring soil, 20-23 mm.
After adjusting and fixing the plow, the walk-behind tractor is removed from the site and placed on the ground.
To check the correct adjustment of the plow, test plowing is carried out, measuring the depth of the furrows and the correctness of the soil dump to the side, if necessary, adjust.
Video plow adjustment on walk-behind tractor
Tips for setting up the plow for operation
Do-it-yourself Zykov plow
Below are photos of Zykov's do-it-yourself plow. The plow has an angle of attack, like on tractors, i.e. very big. In principle, the drawings of the Zykov plow are those that are presented in the paragraph about a single-hull plow.
Video: do-it-yourself plow for a walk-behind tractor
The video tells about the alteration of the plow for a walk-behind tractor.
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When buying a mini-tractor for processing a small plot of land, the package often does not include all the elements of attachments, so they have to be purchased separately. And the price of any spare parts at retail is much higher and depends on the manufacturer and quality.
Equipment that meets all the requirements of a business executive is not always on the market. That's why best option- to make a home-made plow, which at the same time will cost much cheaper than factory equipment, sometimes of dubious quality.
To make a plow yourself, you need to know its design and the functions of its individual elements well. Usually, on private land plots, arable attachments for general purposes are used. In the design of such a plow, two main parts can be distinguished: working and auxiliary.
The operating elements of the equipment include:
- Enclosure that includes a stand and field board. A blade and a plowshare are attached to the rack.
- The knife is the main cutting element of the plow.
- Skimmer - an additional cutting element of the attachment, designed to cut top layer soil (turf).
Auxiliary structural elements:
- The frame is the base on which all other parts of the plow are attached. Its design includes longitudinal bars, struts, stiffening beams.
- Support wheel (mounting height can be adjusted).
- Hinge - a special device with which attachments can be attached to an MTZ tractor or a motor cultivator.
Plow with skimmer for walk-behind tractor
The skimmer is designed to remove the top layer of soil when plowing land plot. He turns over a layer of soil with weeds, lays it on the very bottom of the furrow made by the body, which is equipped with special devices. It cuts and turns over part of the soil from the side of the furrow. At the same time, the body with the equipment loosens the soil and evenly distributes it over the weed layer laid by the skimmer. To level the wall of the furrow, the plow is equipped with a special knife, which is mounted in front of the extreme body of the attachment.
Types and arrangement of the case
Plows are subdivided depending on the number of hulls into single-, double-hull and multi-hull devices.
The body structure includes the following parts:
- rack;
- field board;
- ploughshare;
- dump.
The type and quality of plowing of the land allotment depends on the last two structural elements. The plowshare cuts the soil layer, which further rises along it towards the dump, then turns over and crumbles. The angle of turn of the land formation depends on the design of the dump. A field board is mounted at the bottom of the body, which prevents the plow from moving in the direction of the plowed land.
If you are interested in how to make a plow with your own hands, the drawings of its design should be selected based on the type of soil being cultivated with this attachment for an MTZ tractor or a motor cultivator.
Plow body options:
Important! If you are planning to make a plow with a support wheel for a walk-behind tractor in living conditions, the design of the hull is recommended to be selected depending on the type of soil.
The choice of housing depends on the type of crop being grown. Root crops need thoroughly loosened soil, for which none of the above options for agricultural attachments is suitable. In this case, it is recommended to use combined design. The body is equipped with a shortened blade, a plowshare and a rotor, which additionally crushes the soil in the process of processing the land.
Blade design
Drops can be:
Important! When choosing a plow design, it is necessary to take into account a significant point: the plowshare with the blade must be almost the same thickness (1 mm is the allowable “step” value, not more than 0.5 mm is the gap between the blade and the plowshare).
Share shape
To make a plow with your own hands, the drawings of a plow for a mini tractor must be selected according to the type of soil being cultivated and the complexity of the device itself. First you need to decide on the design of the plowshare.
A plowshare is a part of a plow that cuts a layer of soil. On the plowshare, the soil further rises to the dump. For the manufacture of this structural element of the plow, hardened steel of increased strength is used. It is possible to make such a structural element of a plow in domestic conditions from an ordinary steel pipe.
Share shapes:
Of the listed plowshare options, the most popular is a chisel-shaped product for a reversible plow. They are considered the most stable during operation, the plow is freely deepened to the desired depth.
Before you make a handmade plow for a walk-behind tractor, you need to choose the right attachment design scheme. If you have an old tool, you can make new parts based on it. If the old plow is missing, you can use Zykov's drawings for its manufacture. But it is imperative to take into account the parameters of agricultural machinery, on which it is planned to further use self-made attachments.
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