The baby pump is stuck in the well. How can a stuck or fallen pump be pulled out of a well? Formation of hard deposits

Exploitation deep wells involves the use of submersible pumping equipment, which is lowered into the mine under the water table. Periodically, the pump must be lifted for repairs or Maintenance. When lifting the unit, there may be a problem of jamming of the body in the shaft casing pipe. What to do if the pump is stuck in the well, and how to avoid similar situations in the future?

In what cases the pump can get stuck

Some homeowners are facing hull jamming pumping unit the first time it was lowered into the mine. There can be two reasons for this - incorrect selection of the pump diameter and the presence of bumps, narrowing or protrusions in the barrel. When choosing equipment, you should select a model whose dimensions are 15-20 mm smaller than the diameter of the casing pipe. If the purchased device does not meet this condition, it is enough to replace it with a more suitable one in size.

In the second case, before installing the water supply system, it is necessary to inspect the wellbore along its entire length and remove obstacles that prevent the free descent of the pump.

A more difficult problem to fix is the jamming of the device when lifting. Such a need may arise during the replacement of the unit, performing repair work or maintenance of equipment. The sequence of actions in this case will depend on the suspected cause that could cause the body to jam.

It is necessary to connect the cable, electric cable and hose very securely, otherwise, when lifting, one of the elements may break, which will lead to skew and re-building the pump

Let's consider in more detail possible situations and dwell on ways that can help get a stuck pump without the involvement of specialists.

Sagging electric cable

One of the conditions for the installation of submersible models is to fix the power cable on the cable with clamps after a certain distance. When fixing the electrical cable, make sure that it does not sag. Failure to follow this recommendation may lead to the fact that after a while the electric cable will sag and, when lifted, wrap around the body, blocking it in the shaft.

How to get the pump out of the well in this case? The pump should be lowered to the bottom, the freed cable should be carefully pulled up to eliminate the resulting slack. When the cable and cable have almost the same tension (the power cord should be looser), you can start re-lifting the pump.

Fixing the cord and supply pipe to the suspension cable will help to avoid future jams. You can use special clamps or clips for this. They should be placed in increments of 1-1.5 m. Tighten the clamp so that the connection is strong, but does not damage the power cable.

Silting

When wells are idle, made in light soils and having a sandy bottom, a situation is possible when the unit located in the mine is covered with silt. If the silt has not yet hardened, you can pull out the device as follows: the suspension cord is alternately pulled and loosened, trying to swing the top of the case in different directions. After a while, you can try to pull the cable vertically. If there is no result, you can repeat the same steps again.

If the working was not used for a long time, the silt accumulated in the lower part of the shaft could be compressed. In such a situation, before pulling out the device, the sludge should be well soaked. To do this, take a hose or pipe of sufficient length and lower it into the mine. The upper end of the hose is connected to another pump and water is supplied under pressure. Periodically it is necessary to turn off the water and try to tighten the cable. The process of erosion can take from several hours to 1-2 days. Its duration will depend on the thickness of the silt layer and the time it settles at the bottom of the well.

To prevent silting of the well, it is necessary to carry out periodic cleaning of the mine. The problem of silting is faced by those site owners who have not cleaned hydraulic structure for several years.

Formation of hard deposits

Most limestone wells are characterized by the problem of the formation of salt deposits. During the operation of the source from the metals and salts contained in the water, a precipitate is first formed, and then solid growths, the thickness of which can reach several centimeters. Such deposits can appear both on the walls of the casing pipes and on the pump casing.

You can remove the pumping unit using one of the following methods:

Rinse the shaft with a jet of water. The pressure in this case must be sufficient to wash out the salt sediment. This method is suitable for small formations.

Pour into the well a concentrated solution of lemon or acetic acid. Such solutions are usually used to clean dishes from scale. It is not advisable to use chemical salt solvents in drinking wells, but vinegar and citric acid can cope with even large growths and spikes. The method is suitable for resolving situations where pump equipment has failed and needs to be replaced. If the device is planned to be used in the future, acid should not be poured into water - it can damage the working elements of the pump part and the engine.

Better not to use citric acid to remove lime deposits on a submersible pump that you plan to operate in the future

If the unit is mounted on a metal cable, you can try the tapping method. The cable is slightly pulled and tapped with a hammer to create vibration. Periodic tapping and slow pulling of the cable will destroy the growths. With a large accumulation of deposits, the process can drag on for several days.

In extreme cases, you can use chemicals for descaling. You should buy a powder for cleaning washing and dishwashers. Means bred hot water according to the instructions and poured into the mine. If the pumping unit is in working condition, it should be turned on for a few minutes to set the water in the shaft in motion. To prepare the solution, you need enough a large number of powder (10-20 packs). With a large thickness of the formations, a repetition of the procedure will be required. The disadvantages of the method include its high cost and the need to clean the well from chemical impurities.

The appearance of irregularities in the casing

During seasonal heaving of the soil individual elements mines with insufficiently reliable joints of the joints can be displaced. As a result, irregularities, roughness, plastic pipes under significant lateral pressure, they are subject to flattening. The appearance of irregularities may be indicated by a dull knock of the case against the wall. This assumption can also be confirmed by the time when the problem appeared: if in the fall the pump casing moved freely in the shaft, and in the spring an obstacle arose, the reason most likely lies precisely in the displacement of some elements of the shaft. How to get the pump out of the well in such cases?

With a slight deformation of the shaft, you can try to change the position of the device by slowly rotating the cord around its axis and deviating from the vertical position in different directions. In this case, it is necessary to periodically try to raise the unit. Do not pull hard on the cord, as this will not only not remove the equipment, but may also cause the cord to break.

If the casing pipe located close to the surface turned out to be damaged, then it is advisable to partially extract the casing string to the link with the stuck pump and replace or repair

If there is a strong displacement of the pipes, specialists will have to be involved in removing the unit. In some cases, even the equipment they have does not allow them to pull the pump out. A possible solution is to shut down the old well and drill a new one. Another time-consuming and costly method is crushing the device special installation and extraction to the surface in parts.

The reason for the occurrence of such situations is non-compliance with the technology during drilling, the wrong choice of casing pipes and insufficiently strong fastening of the elements during the installation of the structure.

Entry into the mine of a foreign object

When lifting the pump, it is necessary to remove tools, fasteners and other small objects that can fall into the well away from the wellhead. If a foreign object nevertheless caused the pumping unit to get stuck, proceed as follows:

the pump is gently swayed, trying to make the object fall into the increased gap between the wall and the body;
you can try to push it with a rigid hose lowered into the barrel or a load tied to a rope.

If the object still blocks the device, you should stop unsuccessful independent attempts and call specialists.

Cord break

The lift cord can break when worn, broken at the joints (if it consists of several pieces), trying to pull a stuck pump to the surface. Devices that are light in weight can be pulled out by the supply pipe and power cable. Heavy aggregates should be pulled out with a rope lowered into the shaft with a metal hook. It should hook into the eye on the top of the case.

The cable included in the submersible pump kit is often not strong enough, the best option- replace it with a reliable cable purchased separately

The most difficult situation is the sudden breakage of the cable, cable and hose and the fall of the device. How to pull the pump out of the well if it fell to the bottom of the wellbore?

You can try to pick up the fallen unit with a hook or a “cat”, but it will be quite difficult to pull it out: align the body in horizontal position almost impossible with these devices.

If the depth of the mine is small, you can try the following method:

should be taken metal rod, which will reach the bottom of the well;
a sharp nozzle is welded to the bottom of the rod, resembling a corkscrew in shape;
a rod is put on the upper end to ensure the rotation of the rod along its axis;
the device is lowered into the shaft and the lower end is screwed into the body.

The method is very time-consuming, and the equipment extracted in this way will become unusable.

Is it possible to prevent submersible units from getting stuck

The following recommendations will help to significantly reduce the likelihood of a pump getting stuck:

drilling and arrangement of the mine must be carried out in compliance with all the requirements of the technological process;
when choosing pipes, first of all, one should take into account the characteristics of the soil and the likelihood of its seasonal displacement, and not just the price of certain products;
it is necessary to fix the equipment in the well with a strong cable that is resistant to moisture and corrosion; it is not recommended to use a cable consisting of several pieces;
the cable and the supply pipe must be fixed to the cable with reliable clamps;
the head in the upper part of the shaft will prevent the fall of foreign objects;
it is necessary to periodically clean the barrel from silt and salt deposits.

The reason for the occurrence of problem situations in most cases is unreasonable savings on the performance of work, the acquisition of Supplies and mine maintenance.

The cause of a big headache for some owners of private houses is pumping equipment stuck in a well. That is why it is important to know how to get the pump out of the well correctly. If you do wrong actions, the structure may be damaged. In addition, in this way it will be possible to destroy the well.

Items that will be needed:

Cable.
Clamps.
A piece of steel pipe.

To pull out the pumping equipment, you will need to free it from silt or sand. You can clean the well yourself with the help of special vibration-type pumps. This procedure must be carried out with great care, given that the pump may become clogged. The sequence of actions is as follows:

The pump power cable is disconnected from the mains.
Vibrating equipment is lowered to the bottom of the well.
The second pump with a hose connected to it is lowered into the water so that it can draw it in. This fixture must be placed above the first pump.
The pumps turn on, after which they gradually lower as the contaminated water is pumped out of the well.
The jammed pump is smoothly pulled out.

Causes of jamming

The reasons why it is not possible to quickly pull the pump out of the well may be different. The most common situations are:

Scheme of well cleaning from accumulated sludge using pumps.

The cable hangs.
The well was covered with silt.
There was significant damage to the walls of the pipe.
Any foreign matter has entered the pipe.

It will take a lot of effort and special training to lift the pump from the well, so you will need to be patient.

The gap between the walls of the pipe and the equipment can be only a few centimeters, so you won’t be able to see what happened without the use of special equipment. It will be necessary to find out the problem by the symptoms.

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Elimination Methods

A significant obstacle in removing a stuck pump can be the small diameter of the well.

The most common and easily remedied problem is when the pump gets stuck during the lift and does not pull up despite great effort. The thing is that the cable sagged, as a result of which it wrapped itself around the pump structure. In this case, you will need to carefully lower the pumping equipment down, determine the weak part of the cable and lift the pump again. During these steps, make sure that the cable, cable and cord do not sag.

Avoiding sagging cable is quite simple. It must be secured to the cord with clamps. With any lifting of pumping equipment, they will need to be removed, and then installed new ones. You should know that these are simple actions when compared with the efforts to pull out the pump.

If it is not possible to get the pump from the well onto a sandy base, then this means that the well is silted up, the pump is held by precipitation, which in most cases reaches two or more meters. In this case, you will need to “swing” the structure using a cable. It will need to be pulled up, and then lowered until it is possible to pull the pump out of the silt. Water will begin to enter the lumen, and the sediment will wash out after a while. After that, the pump will need to be carefully pulled out. This problem may occur if the well is not cleaned for 3-5 years. Regular cleaning will minimize the chance of silting up the well.

Proper placement of the equipment in the well will help prevent sediment buildup on the pipes and pump face.

It may also be that the pump cannot be pulled out of the well onto limestone. Wells on limestone are not subject to ordinary silting, because this means that “reverse silting” has occurred. The reason is that the deepening of the equipment is too large, as a result of which the water stagnates. Salts of calcium and iron in the water will combine with oxygen and turn into a precipitate, which will gradually accumulate on the pipes and the end of the pump. AT this case no need to try to flush the water source to get rid of the damper. The sediment is dense, so it will be necessary to slowly and carefully move the pump. At the same time, the equipment must be turned on so that the water can quickly wash away the sediment. In the future, attention should be paid not only to periodic flushing of the well, but also to the well-thought-out arrangement of equipment in it.

If the pump gets stuck in the middle of the well, and a knock sound is heard, this means that the movement of the pump is hindered by damage to the pipe, which can occur for the following reasons:

The seam broke.
There was a dent.
Flattened edge.

In this case, you will need to gently start to rotate the pump. The equipment can get into a dangerous place, but there can be no guarantee of a successful solution to the problem.

If the pump suddenly gets stuck in the middle of the well, then this means that some element (bolt, stone, etc.) has fallen into the well, which has fallen into the gap between the pump and the wall, as a result of which the equipment has jammed. In this case, it is best to turn to professionals, because it is very difficult to solve this problem on your own.

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Lifting the implement

Owners country houses trying to save some Money on the services of specialists, trying to pull the pump out of the well on their own, they can do the wrong thing. Most often the following is done:

All actions to pull out a stuck pump must be carried out with a strong metal cable that can handle heavy lifting.

Too much effort, as a result of which the cable most often breaks. All actions to pull out a stuck pump must be done carefully. Even when installing the equipment, you will need to buy a high-quality steel cable that can withstand heavy loads.
Using hooks and other devices to pull out a pump with a broken fastener. If they break off and remain in the well, then the task of pulling out a jammed pump will become even more complicated.
Attempting to move a stuck pump with a crowbar that is attached to a rope or cable. This tool able to easily destroy the well. In this case, it will be almost impossible to restore its usual work.

You should be aware that there are some tricks that help pull out the pump without the help of specialists. For example, you can select a cable, pull it and secure it. From time to time the cable needs to be tapped. If slack begins to appear, then the cable must be selected, pulled, and then tapped again. These actions need to be performed for several days.

You can also try to push the pumping equipment down with a load. To do this, you need to take a piece of steel pipe, which has a length of approximately 1 m. A “eye” made of metal is welded to the upper part of the pipe, on which a separate cable is fixed. After that, the cable, wire and equipment hose will need to be pushed inside this pipe.

To avoid suction of the pump, it is necessary to monitor the health of the caisson and the quality of the water coming from the well.

The fixture lowers down so that under its weight the pump can budge. When this happens, it will be necessary to carefully pull out all the elements from the well at the same time. It should be borne in mind that the weight of the structure can reach 50 kg.

If the pump is stuck in the well tightly, then there is no way to pull it out. In this case, it remains only to turn to professionals. If you use special devices, for example, an underwater camera, then they will be able to accurately determine the problem and find the best solution. However, keep in mind that these services are expensive. In addition, not every well with a jammed pump can be repaired.

The well, of course, can be called an indispensable source of water supply on the site. But for a long service, she needs constant care. This can be both cleaning of casing pipes, and prevention, repair and replacement of the pump in the well. Of course, to perform such work, all equipment must be obtained. But sometimes a situation may arise that the pump is simply stuck, and there is no way to pull it out. But this is still the worst option. Sometimes inept attempts to get the pump out of the well lead to a cable break, which in the future results in additional financial investments. In this article, we will tell you what to do if the pump is stuck in the well, how to pull it out as safely as possible!

Possible reasons

The most common cause of equipment getting stuck in the well is human error. It could be like violations technological requirements during the installation process, and the quality mounting materials. It is very important that during the installation process you choose proven equipment, and the installation itself is carried out by qualified specialists.

But improper installation and poor-quality equipment are only a factor influencing the causes themselves. But why the pump can get stuck in the well, let's look below.

slack cable

A slack cable is one of the most common reasons that pumping equipment can get stuck in the well. If a electrical cable sagged, it can simply be bitten by a cable loop on which the equipment rests. When this happens, in no case should you pull the cable with all your might, as you can break it, and it will be much more difficult to get the pump out of the well on your own.

It is worth noting that this is the most common and quickly solved problem. If the pump is stalled and won't move up, try lowering it a bit and choosing the moment when the cable loosens, repeat the lift. In the process, make sure that the cable, cable and hose do not sag.

In order to avoid such troubles in the future, simply connect the cable to the hose with clamps, fixing it. During the lifting process, make sure that the cable and hose come out at the same time, and do not allow any slack, as the situation may repeat itself.

Well silting

Quite often, the reason that it is not possible to pull the pump out of the well is its silting, due to rare use. It is the layer of silt that serves as an anchor that prevents you from pulling out the pumping equipment.

If silting is the cause, you can try to get it by rocking it, slightly raising and lowering the pump down. Under the influence of mechanical up and down movements, the water will erode the space around the pump, thus facilitating its release.

The casing pipe can become very silted

If the pump is stuck, it is important not to rush during the rocking process, and not to pull with all your might, as it may completely jam or completely break the cable. If you can’t get the pump on your own, you can resort to the help of firefighters so that they lower the fire hose and wash away the layer of silt with water pressure.

Important! To prevent silting from occurring, it is necessary to regularly carry out preventive work on cleaning the well. Even 1 time in 3 years will be enough.

Reverse siltation

One of the reasons for pump jamming in the well can be the effect of reverse siltation. It should be noted right away that it is observed only in wells drilled on limestone soils, therefore, if your well is not on limestone, this option can be excluded.

Jamming of pumping equipment occurs due to the deepening of the pump during operation. Over time, a precipitate forms, which settles on the pipes and the pump. It is important to note that by flushing the well, as in the previous version, you will not get off, since the sediment can be very dense. In this case, you can pull out the pumping equipment by swinging it up and down, after turning it on.

Pipe wall damage

Damage to the walls of the casing is a fairly rare reason that the pump is stuck. But, nevertheless, it should be considered. If while lifting the pump up, you encounter an obstacle and hear a knock, then most likely the problem is in the casing. This can be either its deformation (plastic), formed in the process of soil displacement, or marriage in welding and pipe connection. In this situation, you can get the pump out of the damaged pipe using rotational movements. By rotating the pump in a circle, you have a chance to go around the obstacle.

Another obstacle to lifting the pump can be an object that has accidentally fallen into the pipe. If it gets into the space between the pump and the well, it can stall the lift. In such a situation, as a rule, the downward stroke is free, but when moving upward, the pump begins to wedge. Try to rotate the pump and lift it up again. If there is no positive trend, it is better to call specialists who have everything necessary equipment to fix the problem and raise the pump.

Often, in order to get stuck pumping equipment, many people use effective, but rather dubious methods:

Use a metal cat. And although this method has some effectiveness, it should not be used. Firstly, hooking the pump is quite problematic, most likely you will hook the hose. And secondly, if the cat breaks off, you will subsequently have to get it too.
Use scrap. In order to push pumping equipment into the well, scrap metal is often used, previously securing it with a cable. It should be borne in mind that if the scrap breaks, it is almost impossible to get it. Of course, one should not expect normal work from such a well in the future. Instead of scrap, it is better to use a metal pipe, having previously welded ears to it.

You can also pull out the pump by tapping the cable. To do this, the cable must be constantly kept in tension and constantly tapped. Theoretically, if the pump is not completely seized and there is no obstacle in its path, the effect will be positive, but this may take a long time.

How to avoid problems

Buy only high-quality cable for hanging pumping equipment. Cheap analogues may eventually lose their strength and not withstand loads.
In the middle of the casing pipe, it is not recommended to use a cable and a hose spliced together, since they can disperse under load.
Get a small diameter pump so that the gap between it and the casing is as large as possible.
It is better to purchase a factory-made head in order to minimize the risk of various debris entering the well.

Extract borehole pump, submerged to tens of meters, may need different reasons. And during the rise, an unpleasant situation often arises when the unit is stuck or, even worse, fell down. What to do if the pump is stuck in the well and how to lift it the easiest and in a safe way? There are several reasons for the occurrence of such troubles, which will determine the choice of actions to remove the equipment. In no case should you panic and use brute force: this may result in damage or loss of equipment (the cable may break and the unit fall down), water intake equipment, and even a complete loss of the well.

Downhole pumps are manufactured in such a way that their geometry coincides as closely as possible with the cylindrical shape of the casing pipe and its diameter. The average diameter of the casing of pumping equipment is 10-15 cm, and usually there is a small distance between the walls of the well and the unit - only 2-4 cm. Therefore, pumps can get stuck quite easily.

Fig.1 Modern borehole pumps

How to get the pump out of the well if it is stuck? It all depends on the reasons why the equipment remains inside, despite the efforts made to remove it. The most common factors that prevent the free removal of pumping equipment are:

wrapping a broken or sagging cable around the equipment case;
siltation at prolonged absence service;
various damage to the casing;
hit of objects between the walls of the body of the unit and the well.

Before pulling the pump out of the well, it is recommended to observe the situation during attempts to remove the equipment. By some indirect signs, it is possible to establish for what reason the unit cannot be removed outside. If possible, a special video camera is used, which plunges into the well and transmits the image to a PC monitor, allowing you to determine exactly why the unit cannot be removed.

Cable wrap

During the lifting of stuck pumping equipment, the supply cable is often in a free state without additional fixation, which causes it to sag. When removing equipment, it is often a broken wire wrapped around the body, forming a loop, which makes it impossible to lift the unit up. main feature that the winding has occurred - the complete immobility of the unit, which remains in place even with significant efforts when trying to raise it.

Fig. 2 Wrapped pump cable is one of the common causes well recovery problems

It is not necessary to pull or pull the cable by force: it will break and the apparatus may be lost forever. The solution to this problem is simple: you need to lower the equipment back to its previous depth, loosen the cable to increase the diameter of the loop, and then gently pull the pump up again. In most cases, the equipment is pulled out on the first or second attempt.

Well silting

If the well has not been cleaned for a long time, then it is very likely that the pump has been sucked into a layer of silt, and it will be blocked by a thick layer of sand, clay or limestone, which can be up to several meters thick. To remove the pump in such a situation, you need to be patient.

The way to release the equipment from under a thick layer of precipitation takes time: you need to slowly get it out, gently “swinging” moving the cable up and down so that sand or clay particles gradually sink along the edges of the case. As soon as the sediment is washed away with water, the pump can be easily removed. In the future, it is necessary to regularly clean the well to avoid re-sucking the equipment into the silt layer.

Casing wall damage

During long-term operation of the well, various damages often occur. If during lifting the pump is stuck in any area, and when you try to lift it, a mechanical obstacle is felt and the sound of impacts is heard, then the problem is damage to the pipe. On its inner surface, a dent, a chip, a divergence of the weld, and other similar damage could form.

To safely remove the equipment, it is necessary to give it a rotational movement to enable it to overcome the obstacle. However, there is no guarantee that the pump will come out on its own in this case. In some cases, the situation may turn out to be hopeless, and a new well may need to be drilled.

Hitting objects

If during the operation of the well some object fell into it - a bolt, a pebble - then this can firmly block the unit and, unfortunately, it is very difficult to cope with such a problem without the help of specialists. In most cases, it is necessary to call a team with sounding equipment. If you're lucky, experts will offer the best solution, but most often you will have to sacrifice technology.

The pump came off and fell inside

If the cable holding the equipment breaks and submersible pump fell into the well, then careless and unprofessional actions on the part of the well owners can lead to irreparable consequences. Therefore, it is better in this case to also call specialists armed with special equipment and a set of cables for extraction. Even if you believe in yourself, lifting broken pumping equipment from the bottom of a well or well will be technically difficult.

Fig.3 Crane for removing the pump from the well

Since the depth of the wells is usually several tens of meters, then for lifting you will need a special form of cargo, a crane or one or two winches, a long thin cable, special gripping bodies (cats), metal wire, canvas gloves. In the process of lifting, it will be necessary to take care of protection against falling foreign objects.

All this requires a balanced and thoughtful approach, and the best solution in 99% of cases is to contact specialists. Do not risk the well, but entrust the professionals to lift the fallen pump!

During the operation of the source, it is often necessary to remove the pumping equipment from the wellbore of the casing pipe. However, when carrying out this procedure, they often encounter a problem: the pump gets stuck in the well.

mine deposits;
sagging power cable;
siltation of the bottom of the source;
reverse siltation;
obstacles, got debris;
casing string deformation;
pump skew;
snagged on pipe joints.

Deposits in the well. The reason is the soil in which the casing is embedded. Limestone rocks in interaction with the metal body of the apparatus plus oxygen give a durable stone coating. Deposits can form both on the device itself and on the pipe walls at the location of the equipment. If, when lifting the device by the cable, there is no movement either up or down, and the cable and cable do not move when tensioned, this is a sure sign that there are salt deposits in the mine.
Sagging cable. The pump is held suspended in the pipe by a rope and a secure bolted connection. In addition, a hose or pipe and a power cable are attached to the device. Not infrequently, when pulling the device by the cable, we forget to pull out the cable in parallel, and after a few meters it sags and wraps around the pump housing. This can happen if the power cable was not attached to the rope with special clamps when the equipment was first immersed. It sagged during the operation of the well and wound around the device due to vibration. If, when trying to pull the device by the cable, it goes tight and constantly gets stuck, the reason is the cable sagging.
Silting of the bottom of the well. Casing pump set too deep after drilling and installation. Almost always, equipment gets stuck in the sludge. There is a natural process of silt formation at the bottom in the pipe. In the first years of water consumption, the problem of silting will not be identified, because it comes clean and soil has not yet accumulated at the bottom. After prolonged use, the water from the apparatus may go with an admixture of liquid clay and change its color. This is a sure sign that he drowned in the mud.
Reverse silting. In addition to the accumulation of silt at the bottom of the source, there is the problem of completely blocking the body of the device inside the casing with silt. This happens due to the displacement of the seams in the joints, or due to improper installation of the casing. It also occurs in the mine at sandy ground, since sand and eroded soil enter the holes above the location of the pump along with water. Gradually, the silt covers it completely and envelops it, preventing it from being pulled to the surface. If the cable in the taut state gradually moves, then up, then down, it means that the pump is bogged down in silt, and reverse silting has occurred in the well.
Got trash. There is little space in the water well, pumping equipment barely passes into it, however, during use, debris or a foreign object may get into the well for any reason. It is not always possible to keep track of the pipes. Children throw stones, toys, small animals and birds are found in the chimney (although this rarely happens). Foreign objects make it difficult to remove the pump from the well. Debris that gets into the barrel falls to the very bottom and rests against the pump. a clear sign If a foreign object enters the shaft, there will be a characteristic screeching and grinding when trying to pull the cable.
Casing string deformation. Incorrect installation, dishonest attitude to work leads to problems in the wellbore. Deep water-bearing pipes are assembled with a screw connection or a tongue-and-groove method. Therefore, there is a risk of detachment at the joints. This happens due to the negligence of workers, or because of the characteristics of the soil. Pipes move away from each other and stand upright. A shelf is formed in the trunk, and accordingly, the channel narrows. characteristic feature casing deformation - knocking and sudden stop when lifting.
Pump skew. The decision on the need to remove the device from the shaft has been made, and it's time to start pulling it out. But after several movements in the upward direction, it is stuck and does not move, which means that a skew has occurred. The reason is the cable or cable, which caught on the bottom of the equipment or the side connection when lifting, as a result, the device became a wedge.
The device caught on the joints of the pipe. In the process of lifting, perhaps he rested on the butt joint. Determining the cause is quite simple. Average length metal pipe 6-8 meters, polyethylene - 4-6 meters. It is necessary to measure the appropriate length on the cable, when pulled out, it will become clear what the depth is and what seam the pump rested against.

Several ways to pull out the device

Salt and limestone deposits

Pull the cable several times without maximum effort, gradually moving the cable up and down like a fishing rod. If this does not help, there is another way - to break the deposits with a pneumatic impact. A rather expensive method, but with positive characteristics. You will need a powerful compressor and a long tube with a diameter of 15 mm. It is lowered to the level of the unit and attached to the compressor. Then a stream of air is fired into the body of the equipment or along the wall of the pipe. The shot should break the plaque and release the device.

cable slack

Cables are different. They are selected depending on the power of the unit. For stronger devices, a rigid reinforced cable is required. In case of sagging, it will not wrap around the body, but simply warp the device, which will make it impossible to lift it to the surface. It will be enough to pull out the cable along with the cable and hose. If the cable is still wound around the pump housing, it thickens it. In this case, you need to feed it down and also move the cable like a fishing rod. The cable will gradually unwind and allow the pump to continue moving.

Bottom silting

When silt and dirt form at the bottom of the well, the apparatus is pulled out by gradually swinging from side to side by the rope and hose. However, if the depth is large enough, the length of the cable will not allow to swing the device to the required extent. To get the stuck unit, you need to dilute the sludge large quantity water. Preferably under good pressure. An additional source of water and equipment to supply it to the mine shaft will be required. It is advisable to lower the tube to the very bottom and use a pump to pump water under pressure into the well. Simultaneously with the supply of fluid, the cable must be pulled up, creating tension in the soil lock. After a few minutes, the equipment should be free. But do not rush to immediately pull it up. To rinse the sludge a little, the pump must be dipped several times in water without stopping its supply.

Reverse siltation

In this case, the apparatus is completely blocked in the ground, and often a soil cap is formed over it; more water. Just swinging and pulling out the device will not work. Otherwise, the cable will break and it will be more difficult to get it. To dilute the sludge, you need to lower a tube with a diameter of 15-25 mm into it, and then, using another pump, pump water down from the surface, and the more water, the better. Now the stuck unit can be safely pulled out.

Important: sometimes they use to pressurize the well fire engine. This is expensive, so before pulling out the pump in this way, it is necessary to calculate the profitability of the procedure to the cost of the device.

Got trash

A foreign object in the barrel is one of the few reasons not to take any action to remove the stuck device. If, after passing a few meters, the pump stood up with a characteristic snort or knock, you can try to pull it out along with the object. Of course, the garbage itself is not visible, which means that one can only guess what is there. Translational movements up and down can loosen it and move it. It didn’t work out - you have to throw the pump inside.

Casing deformation

In this case, there is a narrowing of the diameter of the mine shaft. When moving up, the device rests against a bulge in the pipe. Any work to remove the pump has to be done blindly, but there is an excellent method that will work when the column is deformed.

It is necessary to make a special pencil case with your own hands, a mini-video camera is placed in it, pointing down. The camera must be in a waterproof case. A flashlight, also waterproof, is tied to it. The diameter of the case with the camera should be 1.5 times smaller. The pencil case is tied to a rope and lowered into the well. The camera clearly shows the place of narrowing and the possibility of moving the device further.

Skew and hook for joints in the pipe

This happens quite often. If the pump has become a wedge, it needs to be swung. With one hand we pull on the cable, and with the other on the hose or cable in turn. And they can not be pulled too hard or sharply, they can come off. Movements such as swings will loosen the equipment and bring it into the correct vertical position.

The same applies to the case with the hook of the pump at the joints. Almost similar movements contribute to the buildup of the pump and its release. You can lower the device half a meter lower and try to raise it again by moving the rope or cable along the walls of the entire circumference of the pipe.

Jamming on the rise

If the device has stood across the pipe, and when the cable is loosened, it sags and does not feel tension, you will have to resort to another method.

You will need a long pole or tube with a diameter of 15 - 20 mm. You can use propylene pipe. It bends and will easily enter the shaft of the mine. Having placed the bar inside, you need to try to push the pump down, while loosening the cable and cable so as not to break them. A small spatula is attached to the end of the rod. Having lowered the device, the device is lifted up, pushing from below.

In sand and limestone wells

In the first case, siltation of the pump and the bottom of the pipe occurs. Especially if water is rarely used, and the well has stood idle for several months. It is clear that it is difficult to remove the unit from wet sand. But there is a way. In order for water to penetrate between the wall of the pump and the ground, it must be gradually, not jerkily, pulled up, and then briefly loosen the cable. Then do it all over again, it can take a long time. It all depends on how thick a layer of sand has formed around the device. So, by several centimeters, the device is gradually removed from the sand captivity.

Important: do not try to wash the sand with water pressure, this will only lead to its compaction.

In the second case, the situation is similar with sand. lime deposits when interacting with oxygen and metal, forming stone walls. To release the apparatus from back siltation, do not attempt to pump water or mechanically break the stone. This may damage the equipment. When swinging, it must be turned on. Vibration from the unit will help it free itself faster.

How to get the unit if the cable breaks

This is a disaster in which the owners throw the equipment right in the trunk and lower the new one there. Of course, this can be done if the unit fell to the bottom and drowned. And the depth of the mine allows water intake to be higher than before.

When the break occurred above the water level, the unit will still have to be removed. You need to make a special device yourself. By analogy with a mixer or a kitchen whisk, we twist a spiral with a sharp end slightly larger than the pump itself from the armature. We lower it into the well and weld the rod, immerse it again and attach another rod. So to the very bottom. Armature is needed to twist the spiral and capture the device. If the device could not be hooked, after rotational movements, the remainder of the cable will twist onto the trap and the pump will rise.

Important: to avoid problems with cable breakage, it is chosen from the very beginning with a sufficient margin of safety. A safety bolt is installed in the hitch with the unit.

What Not to Do

Pull firmly on the hose or cable. They can come off.
Continue to operate the pumping equipment. This will aggravate the situation.
Start actions to lift the pump without finding out the cause of its jamming.
Work with the included power cable leading to the pump socket.

When installing pumping equipment, the cable must be chosen very strong. It is better if it is stainless steel covered with a silicone braid. At the ends of the cable, locking rings with bolts are tied.
The well must be flushed and cleaned every two to three years of use.
If water is not used, the equipment must be pulled out of the mine shaft.
The pumping device is selected according to technical specifications that are suitable for different type wells separately.
The diameter of the flask is chosen less by 40-50 mm.
To prevent the supply cable from sagging in the column, it is tied with special clamps to the cable and pipe.
Do not pull on the hose.

Advice: when the pump is stuck in the well and it cannot be pushed through, the principle of pressure on the lever will come to the rescue. The mash is shallow and you can see where the flask is. We take a pipe or fittings with a diameter of 32-40 mm and immerse it in the mine. On the edge of the casing, we weld or fasten a strong eye, into which we thread another tube 2-3 meters long. Now just press the lever on the axial pin. Gradual pressure on the flask will ensure a smooth downward push.

Useful video

Step-by-step scheme, we get the deep one:

Details of the submersible vibrator: