Manufacturing technology of a home wind farm (simple windmill).

home manufacturing technology wind farms (simple windmill) . The need for electricity appears as soon as we become owners of a garden plot or a house in countryside. In this case, individual power plants can come to the rescue, both running on oil products and using wind energy, water, etc., but there is nowhere to buy such power plants - they are not for sale. The most environmentally friendly source is the wind. One of these power plants can be made manually, for example wind farm (WPP). With the help of a propeller, an electric generator that charges the battery through a rectifier. WPP uses a renewable and free source of energy and does not need constant supervision. However, electricity is generated extremely unevenly - only in windy weather. However, small wind power plants (wind turbines), connected to the battery, almost compensate for this shortcoming.

wind farms in the factory, as a rule, bladed propeller engines are produced. Unlike rotary bladed wind farms have an advantage over high efficiency. But bladed motors are much more difficult to manufacture, so if you want to make a wind power generator with your own hands, or, more simply, a homemade wind power plant, experts advise manufacturing rotary motors.

Rice. one. Scheme of a rotary wind farm:

1 - blades
2 - cross
3---shaft
4 - bearings with housings
5 - coupling
6 - power rack (channel No. 20)
7 - reducer
8 - electric generator
9 - stretch marks (4 pcs.)
10 - stairs.

Important: the rotary engine must be raised at least 3-4 meters above the ground. Then the rotor will be in the free wind zone, and the interference from adjacent buildings will remain below it. , raised above the ground, will perform another function - the function of a lightning rod, and for areas with low buildings this is important.

In the design developed by V. Samoilov, the rotor consists of 4 blades, this provides it with a more uniform rotation. The rotor is one of the most important parts of a windmill. Its design and dimensions of the blades play special role- the power and speed of rotation of the shaft that drives the gearbox of the wind farm depends on their location and design. The larger the working area of ​​the blades that form the streamlined surface, the less quantity rotor revolutions.

Rice. 3. Double deck rotary wheel:

1 - bearing
2 - bearing housing
3 - additional fastening of the shaft with four braces
4 - shaft.
The rotor rotates due to aerodynamic asymmetry. The wind blowing across the axis of the rotor "slides" off the rounded part of the blade and enters its opposite "pocket". The difference in the aerodynamic properties of the rounded and concave surfaces creates thrust, which turns the rotor. This motor has more torque. The power of a rotor with a diameter of 1 m exceeds the power of a propeller with three blades with a diameter of 2 m.
In gusts of wind, rotary wind turbines operate more stably than screw ones. And another important fact, the rotors run more smoothly, make less noise, work in any wind direction without additional devices, but the downside is that their rotation speed is limited to 200-500 rpm.
But the increase in turnover asynchronous generator will not increase voltage. Therefore, we will not consider automatic change in the angle of the rotor blades for different wind speeds.
There is different types rotary wind farms which you can do by hand. Here is some of them:

Examples of rotary wheels.

Four-bladed rotary wind wheel, efficiency up to 15%. A two-tier rotor wheel is easier to manufacture, has a higher efficiency (up to 19%), and also develops more revolutions in comparison with the four-blade. But, in order to maintain the reliability of the installation, it is advisable to increase the diameter of the shaft. The Savonius rotor has fewer revolutions than a two-bladed rotor. Its efficiency does not exceed 12%. Such an engine is mainly used to drive piston units (pumps, pumps, etc.). A carousel wind wheel is one of the simplest designs. This rotor is capable of developing relatively low revolutions and having a small power density, has an efficiency of no more than 10%.

We'll consider do-it-yourself wind farm assembled on the basis of a four-blade rotor. Wind energy can also be used as wind pump for water, as a separate installation or combined with a power plant.

Windwheel blades can be made from iron 100, 200 liter barrel. It must be cut with a “grinder”, it is not recommended to cut the barrel with any welding, since the properties of the metal along the cutting seam change very much. It is possible to strengthen the edges of the manufactured blade by fixing reinforcement bars or strips of metal with a diameter of 6 to 8 mm on them.
We fix the blades of the first rotor on two crosspieces with two M12-M14 bolts. The top cross is made from steel sheet 6-8 mm thick. A gap of 150 mm is required between the sides of the blades and the rotor shaft. The lower crosspiece needs to be made more durable, since it accounts for the bulk of the weight of the blades. For its manufacture, we take a channel with a length of at least 1 m (this depends on the barrel used), with a wall of 50-60 mm
Mast and main shaft.
In the proposed wind power plant a frame made of a corner for mounting an electric generator is fixed on a stand, which is made of a channel. The lower end of the rack is connected to a square hammered into the ground. It is more expedient to assemble the rotor shaft from two components, this will give you convenience when boring its ends for bearings. Bearings (in housings (boxes)),
corresponding in size to the shaft, are bolted to the channel. Shaft parts are interconnected. The shaft diameter must be at least 35-50 mm.
To one of the shelves of the channel homemade wind farm we weld pipe sections 500 mm long and 20 mm in diameter, which will act as a ladder. We dig the rack into the ground by at least 1200 mm, and for additional stability we fix it with 4 stretch marks. To protect against corrosion, the power plant must be painted with paint based on drying oil.

Rice. four. Possible schemes fixing the rotors to the vertical shaft:

a, b - carousel wheels;
c - Savonius rotor.
The lower part of the picture. Windmill blade made
from 1/4 barrel and cut diagram:
1 - hole for fastening to the cross
2 - bead reinforcement
3 - contour of the blades.

A wind generator (windmill) is a device that converts the kinetic energy of the wind into mechanical energy with subsequent transfer to electricity. Production of wind turbines in Russia for last years has grown significantly along with the interest of consumers. Today, imported and Russian wind turbines with a capacity of 0.1 to 70 kW are presented on the market. You can buy wind turbines for your home in the companies listed below, whose products are most popular with consumers:

• Vetro Svet LLC (St. Petersburg), wind turbine power 0.25–1.5 kW;
• SKB Iskra LLC (Moscow), power 0.5 kW;
• OOO GRTs-Vertical (Chelyabinsk region, Miass), power 1.5–30 kW;
• Sapsan-Energia LLC (Moscow region), power 0.5–5 kW;
• CJSC Wind Energy Company (St. Petersburg), power 5 and 30 kW;
• LMW "Wind Energy" (Khabarovsk), power 0.1–10 kW.

Distinguish domestic and industrial wind turbines:

• Household wind turbines - windmills of small power, sufficient to provide energy to a private house. Their operation requires a constant wind speed of 4 m / s, and the latest developments in equipment make it possible to generate electricity even in light winds.
• Industrial wind turbines have a power of several MW. Such installations operate in the far north in areas with permanent strong winds.

Necessary conditions for the operation of the generator:

1. average annual wind speed not less than 4 m/s;
2. free space for installing a windmill (preferably on a hill);
3. it is not required to officially coordinate the installation with the local administration - you just need to inform it;
4. the consent of the neighbors to the installation - the noise generated by the windmill can cause dissatisfaction with people living nearby;
5. in addition to the installation itself, you will need a mass of additional equipment: batteries, an inventory installation, a control system, a mast.

How much does a wind generator cost

The prices of Russian-made wind turbines are lower than German, Danish or Indian ones. The cheapest Chinese windmills, although their quality is much lower. The simplest wind turbines for private homes cost up to $500. They can be used for local power generation, but they cannot solve the problem of full power supply at home. More powerful wind generators from 3 kW to fully provide a home with electricity will cost more.

Approximate cost of a set of wind generators for a home:

• for a small private (country) house, power 3 kW/72V, equiv. $1700-1800;
• to provide electricity to the cottage, power 5 kW/120V, equiv. $4000;
• to provide electricity to several houses or a farm, power 10 kW / 240V, equiv. $8500.

Wind turbines with a vertical axis of rotation of Russian production are in special demand. Among the advantages of this equipment:

1. small necessary wind speeds for rotor movement;
2. independence from wind direction;
3. low sound background, no vibration;
4. Bird-safe design
5. no forced start required;
6. works in any weather conditions, for any wind strength.

The prices of wind generators for the home are considerable, but the cost of electricity is constantly growing, and wind turbines quickly pay off. Among the shortcomings, we note the large material consumption, the low coefficient of conversion of wind energy into electricity, the large dimensions of large-capacity installations.

How to make a wind generator with your own hands

Buying a factory wind turbine is not always the best solution. The main obstacle is the high cost of industrial windmills. Such equipment can not be installed in every area - a special permit is required to install the mast, and it is dangerous to leave the equipment in an uninhabited place. An alternative option is to make a wind generator for a private house with your own hands. In many cases this is acceptable given minimum costs and the opportunity to be creative.

A rotary wind generator is a relatively simple converting device. It will not be enough to fully provide electricity to the mansion, but for a small country house a homemade windmill is enough. He can light up the house outbuildings, paths on the site, etc.

The easiest option is to use a car generator as a windmill generator. Autogenerators are inexpensive, well repaired, on the market big choice. At a cost, they are approximately $20 per 1 kW. They give out a stable voltage from a certain speed and are docked with 12 volt batteries.

Flaws:

• require high revolutions - from 1.5-2.0 thousand and above per minute;
• inferior in reliability to factory generators for windmills;
• have a relatively small resource (up to 4000 hours of operation), which is offset by low cost.

To assemble a wind generator with your own hands from a 1.5 kW car generator, you will need:

1. car generator for 12 v;
2. a rechargeable battery of the appropriate voltage;
3. converter from 12 to 220v, power 1.3 kW;
4. a small barrel (bucket) made of aluminum or steel;
5. charging relay and car warning lamp;
6. moisture-proof switch, 12v;
7. voltage control device (old voltmeter);
8. copper wire from 2 mm in cross section;
9. fasteners (bolts, washers, nuts, clamps).

From hand tool you will need: metal scissors, a grinder, a measuring tape, a pencil, screwdrivers, wrenches in a set, pliers, an electric drill with drills.

A few key points in the manufacture of a wind generator:

1. Maximum efficiency can be achieved by converting the car generator under permanent magnets. To do this, the excitation winding must be replaced with several ferrite magnets.
2. By turning a non-magnetic rotor out of titanium or other non-magnetic material, magnetization of the rotor can be avoided.
3. To increase current generation at low speeds, you need to rewind the stator, increasing the number of turns by 5 times and reducing the wire diameter.
4. Installing neodymium magnets on the rotor will increase the power of the generator at low speeds. An even number of magnets are attached to a steel band, which must be attached to the base of the inside of the generator. When installing magnets to increase power, you need to alternate the polarity.
5. For the manufacture of blades, an duralumin pipe is suitable, the fasteners are made of steel. The blades must be balanced, as well as to lighten the design as much as possible by removing the excess with a grinder and emery.

The network has enough materials with a detailed description of the work, so there is no need to repeat

The most simple model a factory wind generator for dacha lighting will cost at least 60-70 thousand rubles. An alternative windmill can be made using the old engine as the main structural element. washing machine. And in this case, you can’t do without expenses, but you can meet just a few thousand rubles.

For a wind generator from a washing machine, you will have to buy a rotor with your own hands. You can make it yourself if you buy neodymium magnets, but their price is about the same as that of ready-made Chinese 2.5 kW rotors. In addition, the production of the rotor is technically difficult. In addition to the rotor, you will need:

1. the shaft is long;
2. reducer;
3. gears;
4. impeller;
5. mast 10-12 meters long (can be made from 32 mm pipes).

For the gearbox housing, an industrial pump motor is suitable. The impeller is installed in a horizontal plane.

An impeller with a blade length of 1.5 m is best made from a durable duralumin corner or fiberglass. Often it is proposed to make blades from plywood, but from experience, with a wind of 10-15 m / s at a height, plywood blades break. The shaft must be firmly fixed, and at the same time rotate freely. The rotating shaft is connected to the generator by a flange.

For more information on how to make a wind generator from a washing machine, see the video below.

How to install a wind generator

1. Install the wind generator in an open space, preferably on a hill. Support height not less than 10 m;
2. attach the mast to the support (pole);
3. mount the reducer with the impeller on the mast;
4. connect the shaft to the gear at the base of the gearbox;
5. connect the shaft to the generator through the flange;
6. Above the windmill, you can install a small canopy from precipitation - this will extend the life of the wind generator.

Since ancient times, mankind has been using the power of the wind. Windmills, sailing ships are familiar to many, they were written about in books and historical films are made with their participation. Nowadays, the wind power generator has not lost its relevance, because.

with it, you can make free electricity in the country, which can also come in handy if the lights turn off on the site. Let's talk about homemade windmills, which can be assembled from improvised materials and available parts.

For you, we have provided one detailed instruction with pictures, as well as video ideas for several more assembly options. So, let's look at how to make a wind generator with your own hands at home.

Assembly instructions

There are several types of wind turbines: horizontal and vertical, turbine. They have fundamental differences, pluses and minuses. The principle of operation of all wind turbines is the same - wind energy is converted into electrical energy and accumulated in batteries, and from them it goes to human needs. The most common type is horizontal.

Familiar and recognizable. The advantage of a horizontal wind generator is a higher efficiency compared to others, since the windmill blades are always under the influence of air flow. The disadvantages include the requirement for wind above 5 meters per second. This type of windmill is the easiest to make, so home craftsmen often take it as a basis.

If you decide to try your hand at assembling a wind turbine with your own hands, here are a few recommendations. You need to start with the generator, this is the heart of the system, the design of the screw assembly depends on its parameter.

For this, automobile, imported ones are suitable, there is information about the use of stepper motors, from printers or other office equipment.

You can also use a bicycle wheel motor to make your own windmill to generate electricity.

Having decided on the unit for converting the wind flow into electric current, it is necessary to assemble the gear unit for increasing the speed from the screw to the generator shaft. One revolution of the propeller transfers 4-5 revolutions to the shaft of the generator unit.

When the gearbox-generator assembly is assembled, they begin to find out its resistance to torque (grams per millimeter). To do this, you need to make a shoulder with a counterweight on the shaft of the future installation, and with the help of a load, find out at what weight the shoulder will go down. Less than 200 grams per meter is considered acceptable. Knowing the size of the shoulder, this is our blade length.

Many people think that the more blades the better. This is not entirely true, since we make the wind generator ourselves, and the details of the future power plant of the budget range.

We need high speed, and many propellers create more resistance to the wind, as a result of which at some point the oncoming flow slows down the propeller and the efficiency of the installation drops. This can be avoided by a two-bladed propeller. Such a propeller in a normal wind can spin up to and more than 1000 revolutions.

You can make the blades of a homemade wind generator from improvised means - from plywood and galvanizing to plastic from water pipes (as in the photo below) and other things. The main condition is light and durable.

A light screw will increase the efficiency of the windmill and sensitivity to air flow. Don't forget to balance the air wheel and remove bumps, otherwise you will hear howling and howling while the generator is running.

The next important element is the tail. It will keep the wheel in the wind flow, and turn the structure in case of a change in its direction.

To make a current collector or not, it's up to you, you may get by with a connector on the cable and periodically, manually unwind the twisted wire. During the test run of the wind generator, do not forget about safety precautions, the blades spun in the wind can chop cabbage like a samurai.

A tuned, balanced windmill is installed on a mast, at least 7 meters high from the ground, fixed with spacer cables.

It is impossible to connect the output of a homemade wind generator directly to the battery, this must be done through a charging relay, you can assemble it yourself or purchase it ready-made.

The principle of operation of the relay is to control the charge, and in the event of a charge, it switches the generator and battery to load ballast, the system strives to always be charged, preventing overcharging, and does not leave the generator without load.

A windmill without load can spin up quite strongly to high speeds, damage the insulation in the windings by the generated potential. In addition, high speeds can cause mechanical destruction of the elements of the wind generator.

Now the Internet is full of diagrams and drawings, where craftsmen show how to make a wind generator with powerful magnets on their own. Repeat or not, your business, whether it will justify itself, no one knows. But it’s worth trying to assemble a wind power plant for your home, and then decide what to buy and what to leave or make changes.

Gain experience and possibly aim at a more serious device.

The freedom and variety of homemade windmills is so vast and element base diverse, that it makes no sense to describe them all, the basic meaning remains the same - the wind spins the screw, it transfers the moment to the gearbox, increasing the shaft speed, the generator produces voltage, then the relay keeps the charge level on the battery, and energy is already being taken from it for various needs.

Here, according to this principle, you can make a wind generator with your own hands at home. We hope our detailed instructions with photo examples have explained to you how to make suitable model windmill for home or garden. We also recommend that you familiarize yourself with the master classes on assembling a homemade device, which we provided in the video below.

Visual video tutorials

To easily make a wind generator to generate electricity at home, we recommend that you familiarize yourself with ready-made ideas video examples:

Here we have provided all the most simple ideas assembling a homemade windmill. As you can see, even a child can easily make some models of devices.

There are many other homemade options, but in order to get a high output voltage, you need to use complex mechanisms, like generators on magnets.

Otherwise, if you want to make a wind generator so that it works and is used for its intended purpose, follow the instructions provided by us!

Source: https://samelectrik.ru/assembly-samodelnogo-vetryaka.html

Do-it-yourself low-speed wind generator from a car generator

A wind generator made from a car generator can help in a situation where there is no way to connect to a power line in a private house.

Or serve as an auxiliary source of alternative energy. Such a device can be made with your own hands from improvised materials, using the achievements of craftsmen.

Photos and videos will demonstrate the process of creating a homemade wind turbine.

Wind generator design

There is a huge species diversity of wind turbines and drawings of their manufacture. But any design includes the following mandatory elements:

• generator;
• blades;
• storage battery;
• mast;
• the electronic unit.

With some skills, you can make a wind generator with your own hands

In addition, it is necessary to think over the control and distribution system of electricity in advance, draw an installation diagram.

wind wheel

The blades are perhaps the most important part of a wind turbine. The operation of the remaining components of the device will depend on the design. They are made from different materials. Even from plastic sewer pipe. Blades from a pipe are easy to manufacture, are cheap and are not affected by moisture. The wind turbine manufacturing process is as follows:

1. It is necessary to calculate the length of the blade. The diameter of the pipe should be equal to 1/5 of the total footage. For example, if the blade is meter long, then a pipe with a diameter of 20 cm will do.
2. We cut the pipe with a jigsaw along into 4 parts.
3. We make a wing from one part, which will serve as a template for cutting subsequent blades.
4. We smooth out the burr on the edges with an abrasive.
5. The blades are fixed to an aluminum disk with welded strips for fastening.
6. Next, the generator is screwed to this disk.

Blades for wind wheel

After assembly, the wind wheel needs to be balanced. It is fixed on a tripod horizontally. The operation is carried out in a room closed from the wind. If the balance is correct, the wheel should not move. If the blades rotate themselves, then they need to be sharpened to balance the entire structure.

Only after the successful completion of this procedure, you should proceed to check the accuracy of rotation of the blades, they should spin in the same plane without skew. An error of 2 mm is allowed.

Mast

An old one is suitable for making a mast water pipe with a diameter of at least 15 cm, a length of about 7 m. If there are buildings within 30 m of the proposed installation site, then the height of the structure is adjusted upwards. For efficient operation of the wind turbine, the blade is raised above the obstacle by at least 1 m.

The base of the mast and pegs for fixing the guy wires are concreted. Clamps with bolts are welded to the stakes. For stretch marks, a galvanized 6 mm cable is used.

Advice. The assembled mast has a considerable weight, with manual installation you will need a counterweight from a pipe with a load.

Alteration of the generator

For the manufacture of a windmill generator, a generator from any car is suitable. Their designs are similar to each other, and the alteration comes down to rewinding the stator wire and making the rotor on neodymium magnets. Holes are drilled in the poles of the rotor to fix the magnets. Install them by alternating poles. The rotor is wrapped in paper, and the voids between the magnets are filled with epoxy.

In the same way, you can remake the engine from an old washing machine. Only magnets in this case are glued at an angle to avoid sticking.

The new winding is rewound along the coil onto the stator tooth. You can make a bulk winding, it's convenient for anyone. How more quantity turns, the more efficient the generator will be. Coils are wound in one direction according to a three-phase scheme.

The finished generator is worth trying out and measuring the data. If at 300 rpm the generator produces about 30 volts, this is a good result.

Wind turbine generator from a car generator

final assembly

The generator frame is welded from profile pipe. The tail is made of galvanized sheet. The rotary axis is a tube with two bearings.

The generator is attached to the mast in such a way that the distance from the blade to the mast is at least 25 cm. For safety reasons, a calm day should be chosen for the final assembly and installation of the mast.

The blades under the influence of a strong wind can bend and break on the mast.

To use batteries to power equipment that runs on 220 V, you will need to install a voltage conversion inverter. The battery capacity is selected individually for the wind generator. This indicator depends on the wind speed in the area, the power of the connected equipment and the frequency of its use.

Wind generator device

To prevent the battery from failing from overcharging, you will need a voltage controller. You can make it yourself if you have sufficient knowledge in electronics, or buy ready-made. There are many controllers for alternative energy mechanisms on the market.

Advice. To prevent the blade from breaking in strong winds, a simple device is installed - a protective weather vane.

Wind turbine maintenance

A wind generator, like any other device, needs technical control and maintenance. For the smooth operation of the windmill, the following work is periodically carried out.

Scheme of the wind generator

1. The current collector requires the most attention. Generator brushes need cleaning, lubrication and preventive adjustment every two months.
2. At the first sign of a blade malfunction (trembling and imbalance of the wheel), the wind generator is lowered to the ground and repaired.
3. Once every three years, metal parts are coated with anti-corrosion paint.
4. Regularly check the fastenings and tension of the cables.

Now that the installation is complete, you can connect appliances and use electricity. At least as long as it's windy.

DIY windmill generator: video

Wind generator for a private house: photo

Source: https://dachadizain.ru/postrojki/inventar/vetrogenerator-svoimi-rukami.html

How to make a 220V vertical wind generator for your home with your own hands

Electricity is steadily rising in price. To feel comfortable outside the city in hot summer weather and a frosty winter day, you need to either spend a lot of money or search for alternative sources energy. Russia is a huge country with large flat areas.

Although slow winds prevail in most of our regions, strong and violent air currents blow over the sparsely populated area. Therefore, the presence of a wind generator in the farm of the owner of suburban real estate is most often justified.

The appropriate model is chosen based on the area of ​​application and the actual purpose of use.

Wind turbine #1 - rotary type design

You can make a simple windmill with your own hands rotary type. Of course, he is unlikely to be able to supply electricity to a large cottage, but to provide electricity to a modest garden house quite capable. With it, you can supply light in the evening to outbuildings, illuminate garden paths and the local area.

So, or almost so, a do-it-yourself rotary wind generator looks like. As you can see, there is nothing super complicated in the design of this equipment.

Preparation of parts and consumables

To assemble a wind generator, the power of which will not exceed 1.5 kW, we will need:

• generator from car 12 V;
• acid or gel battery 12 V;
• converter 12V - 220V to 700 W - 1500 W;
• a large container made of aluminum or stainless steel: a bucket or a voluminous pan;
• automotive battery charging relay and charge control lamp;
• semi-hermetic "button" switch for 12 V;
• voltmeter from any unnecessary measuring device, you can automobile;
• bolts with washers and nuts;
• wires with a cross section of 2.5 mm2 and 4 mm2;
• two clamps with which the generator will be attached to the mast.

To do the work, we will need metal scissors or a grinder, a tape measure, a marker or a construction pencil, a screwdriver, keys, a drill, a drill, wire cutters.

Progress of design work

We are going to make a rotor and remake the alternator pulley. To get started, we need a metal container of a cylindrical shape. Most often, a pot or bucket is adapted for these purposes.

Take a tape measure and a marker or construction pencil and divide the container into four equal parts. If we cut metal with scissors, then in order to insert them, you must first make holes. You can also use a grinder if the bucket is not made of painted tin or galvanized steel.

In these cases, the metal will inevitably overheat. Cut out the blades without cutting through them to the end.

In order not to be mistaken with the dimensions of the blades that we cut in the tank, it is necessary to make careful measurements and carefully recalculate everything.

In the bottom and in the pulley we mark and drill holes for the bolts. At this stage, it is important to take your time and arrange the holes symmetrically to avoid imbalance during rotation. The blades should be bent, but not too much.

When performing this part of the work, we take into account the direction of rotation of the generator. It usually rotates in a clockwise direction. Depending on the angle of the bend, the area of ​​influence of wind flows increases, and, therefore, the speed of rotation.

This is another option for blades. AT this case each detail exists separately, and not as part of the container from which it was cut

Since each of the windmill blades exists separately, you need to screw each one. The advantage of this design is its increased maintainability

The bucket with finished blades should be fixed to the pulley using bolts. We install the generator on the mast using clamps, then we connect the wires and assemble the circuit. It is better to rewrite the diagram, wire colors and contact markings in advance. The wires also need to be fixed on the mast.

To connect the battery, we use 4 mm2 wires, the length of which should not exceed 1 meter. We connect the load (electrical appliances and lighting) using wires with a cross section of 2.5 mm2. Do not forget to put the converter (inverter). It is connected to the network to contacts 7.8 with a wire of 4 mm2.

The design of the wind turbine consists of a resistor (1), a generator starter winding (2), a generator rotor (3), a voltage regulator (4), a reverse current relay (5), an ammeter (6), a battery (7), a fuse (8) , switch (9)

Advantages and disadvantages of such a model

If everything is done correctly, this wind generator will work without creating problems for you. With a 75A battery and a 1000 W converter, it can power street lighting, burglar alarm, video surveillance devices, etc.

The scheme of the installation clearly demonstrates exactly how wind energy is converted into electricity and how it is used for its intended purpose.

The advantages of such a model are obvious: it is a very economical product, easy to repair, does not require special conditions for its operation, works reliably and does not violate your acoustic comfort. The disadvantages include low productivity and a significant dependence on strong gusts of wind: the blades can be torn off by air currents.

Windmill #2 - axial design with magnets

Until recently, axial windmills with iron-free stators on neodymium magnets have not been made in Russia due to the inaccessibility of the latter. But now they are in our country, and they are cheaper than originally. Therefore, our craftsmen began to manufacture wind turbines of this type.

Over time, when the capabilities of a rotary wind generator will no longer provide all the needs of the economy, you can make an axial model on neodymium magnets

What needs to be prepared?

For the basis of the axial generator, you need to take the hub from the car with brake discs. If this part was in operation, it must be disassembled, the bearings checked and lubricated, rust cleaned off. The finished generator will be painted.

To qualitatively clean the hub from rust, use a metal brush that can be mounted on an electric drill. The hub will look great again

Distribution and fixation of magnets

We have to stick magnets on the rotor disks. In this case, 20 magnets with a size of 25x8mm are used.

If you decide to make a different number of poles, then use the rule: in single-phase generator there must be as many poles as there are magnets, and in a three-phase one, a ratio of 4/3 or 2/3 poles to coils must be observed.

Magnets should be placed by alternating poles. To ensure that their location is correct, use a template with sectors printed on paper or on the disc itself.

If possible, it is better to use rectangular magnets rather than round ones, because round ones have a magnetic field concentrated in the center, and rectangular ones along their length. The opposing magnets must have different poles.

In order not to confuse anything, use a marker to put “+” or “-” on their surface. To determine the pole, take one magnet and bring others to it. Put plus on attracting surfaces, and minus on repulsive ones.

On the disks, the poles must alternate.

The magnets are correctly placed. Before fixing them with epoxy resin, it is necessary to make plasticine sides so that the adhesive mass can harden, and not glass on the table or floor

To fix the magnets, you need to use a strong glue, after which the bonding strength is further enhanced with epoxy resin. It is filled with magnets. To prevent the resin from spreading, you can make plasticine borders or simply wrap the disc with tape.

Three-phase and single-phase generators

A single-phase stator is worse than a three-phase one, because it vibrates when loaded. This is due to the difference in the amplitude of the current, which occurs due to its non-constant return for a moment in time. The three-phase model does not suffer from this disadvantage. The power in it is always constant, because the phases compensate for each other: if the current drops in one, it increases in the other.

In a dispute between single-phase and three-phase options, the latter comes out the winner, because additional vibration does not extend the life of the equipment and irritates the ear.

As a result, the output of a three-phase model is 50% higher than that of a single-phase one. Another advantage of the absence of unnecessary vibration is the acoustic comfort when working under load: the generator does not hum during its operation. In addition, vibration always puts the wind generator out of action before the expiration of its service life.

Coil winding process

Any specialist will tell you that before winding the coils, you need to make a careful calculation. And any practitioner will do everything intuitively. Our generator will not be too fast.

We want the 12 volt battery to start charging at 100-150 rpm. With such initial data total number turns in all coils should be 1000-1200pcs.

It remains to divide this figure by the number of coils and find out how many turns there will be in each.

To make the wind generator more powerful at low speeds, you need to increase the number of poles. In this case, the frequency of current oscillations in the coils will increase. For winding coils, it is better to use a thick wire.

This will reduce the resistance, which means that the current will increase. It should be noted that at high voltage, the current may be "eaten" by the resistance of the winding.

A simple homemade machine will help you quickly and accurately wind high-quality coils.

The stator is marked, the coils are laid in their places. They are used to fix epoxy resin, the runoff of which is again resisted by plasticine bumpers

Due to the number and thickness of the magnets located on the discs, generators can vary considerably in performance. To find out what power to expect as a result, you can wind one coil and scroll it in the generator. To determine future power, you should measure the voltage at certain speeds without load.

For example, at 200 rpm, 30 volts is obtained with a resistance of 3 ohms. We subtract from 30 volts the battery voltage of 12 volts, and divide the resulting 18 volts by 3 ohms. The result is 6 amps. This is the volume that will go to the battery. Although in practice, of course, it turns out less due to losses in the diode bridge and in the wires.

Most often, the coils are made round, but it is better to stretch them a little. At the same time, there is more copper in the sector, and the turns of the coils are straighter. The diameter of the inner hole of the coil should match the size of the magnet or be slightly larger than it.

Preliminary tests of the resulting equipment are carried out, which confirm its excellent performance. Over time, this model can be improved.

When making the stator, keep in mind that its thickness must match the thickness of the magnets. If the number of turns in the coils is increased and the stator is made thicker, the interdisk space will increase and the magnetic flux will decrease. As a result, the same voltage can be generated, but less current due to the increased resistance of the coils.

Plywood is used as a form for the stator, but you can mark sectors for coils on paper, and make borders from plasticine. The strength of the product will increase the fiberglass placed on the bottom of the mold and on top of the coils.

The epoxy must not stick to the mold. To do this, it is lubricated with wax or petroleum jelly. For the same purpose, you can use a film or tape. The coils are fixed to each other motionlessly, the ends of the phases are brought out.

Then all six wires are connected by a triangle or a star.

The generator assembly is tested using hand rotation. The resulting voltage is 40 volts, while the current strength is approximately 10 amperes.

Final stage - mast and propeller

The actual height of the finished mast was 6 meters, but it would be better to make it 10-12 meters. The base for it needs to be concreted. It is necessary to make such a fastening so that the pipe can be raised and lowered using a hand winch. On the upper part pipe fastened with a screw.

PVC pipe is a reliable and fairly light material, using which you can make a windmill propeller with a predetermined bend

For the manufacture of the screw, a PVC pipe is needed, the diameter of which is 160 mm. A six-blade two-meter screw is to be cut out of it. It makes sense to experiment with the shape of the blades in order to increase the torque at low revs. From a strong wind, the screw must be removed. This function is performed using a folding tail. The generated energy is stored in batteries.

The mast must be raised and lowered with a hand winch. Additional structural stability can be given using tension cables.

Your attention is given to two options for wind turbines, which are most often used by summer residents and owners of suburban real estate. Each of them is effective in its own way. Especially the result of using such equipment is manifested in areas with strong winds. In any case, such an assistant in the household will never hurt.

Source: https://aqua-rmnt.com/otoplenie/alt_otoplenie/vetrogenerator-svoimi-rukami.html

Wind generator from improvised materials, how to make a wind generator with your own hands for 220 volts

Every year people are looking for alternative sources. A homemade power plant from an old car generator will come in handy in remote areas where there is no connection to the public network. It will be able to freely charge batteries, as well as ensure the operation of several household appliances and lighting.

You decide where to use the energy, what will be generated, and most importantly, assembling a wind generator will not entail large financial costs, but it will allow you to save a lot. Do it yourself or purchase it from manufacturers, of which there are plenty on the market.

In this article, we will help you deal with the issue.

Consider the principle of operation of a wind power plant. Under a fast wind flow, the rotor and helical blades are activated, after which the main shaft begins to move, rotating the gearbox, and then generation occurs.

As a result, we get electricity. Therefore, the higher the rotation speed of the mechanism, the greater the productivity.

Accordingly, when arranging structures, it is necessary to take into account the terrain, relief, know the areas of the territories where the vortex speed is high.

Instructions for assembling a windmill from a car generator

You can make it, but for this you need to prepare everything in advance necessary accessories. by the most important element is a generator.

It is best to take it from a tractor or bus, it is able to generate much more energy, but if this is not possible, then weaker units can be dispensed with.

To assemble the device, in addition to the car generator, you will need: a voltmeter; battery charging relay; steel to make blades; 12 volt battery; box for wires; 4 bolts with nuts and washers;

Clamps for fastening the generator.

make your own wind generator from a car generator

Device Assembly

When everything you need is collected, you can proceed to assembling the wind generator. Each of the wind generator options can have additional details, but they are clearly specified directly in the manual.

First of all, you need to assemble a wind wheel - this is one of the main structural elements, because it is this part that will transform wind energy into mechanical energy. It is best that it consists of 4 blades. Remember that the fewer blades a windmill has, the more mechanical vibration and the more difficult it will be to balance it.

You can make them from sheet steel or from an iron barrel. The shape of the blade must be worn not the same as you saw in the old windmills, but resembling an vane-type blade. These blades have much lower aerodynamic drag and higher efficiency.

After you use a grinder to cut out a windmill with blades with a diameter of 1.2-1.8 meters, you need to attach it together with the rotor with the axis of the generator by drilling holes and connecting with bolts.

Electrical circuit assembly

We fix the wires and connect them directly to the battery and voltage converter. It is required to use everything that at school in physics lessons you were taught to make when assembling an electrical circuit.

Before starting development, think about how much power you need. It is important to note that automobile generators without subsequent conversion to magnets and rewinding of the stator are not at all suitable for a wind generator, the operating speed is 1.2 thousand-6 thousand rpm.

rpm, and this is not enough for energy production. It is for this reason that it is required to get rid of the excitation coil. To raise the voltage level, it is necessary to rewind the stator with a thin wire.

As a rule, as a result, the power of your generator will be at 10 m / s 150-300 watts. After assembly, the rotor will magnetize well, as if power was connected to it.

Rotary home-made wind generators are very reliable in operation and economically profitable, their only imperfection is the fear of strong gusts of wind. The principle of operation of a wind generator from an autogenerator is simple - a vortex through the blades makes the generator spin.

In the process of these intense rotations, energy is generated, the voltage you need.

Such a power plant is a very good way to provide electricity to a small house, of course, its power will not be enough to pump water out of a well, but you can watch TV or turn on the lights in all rooms with it.

Windmill from a car generator video step by step instructions.

A simple wind generator from a fan

The fan itself may not be in working condition, but only a few parts are required from it - this is the stand and the screw itself. For the design, you need a small stepper motor soldered with a diode bridge so that it gives out constant voltage, a shampoo bottle, a plastic water tube about 50 cm long, a plug for it and a lid from a plastic bucket.

A sleeve is made on the machine and fixed in the connector from the blades of the disassembled fan. The generator will be attached to this sleeve. After fixing, you need to start making a case for the future windmill. Cut off with a machine or in manual mode the bottom of a bottle of shampoo.

During cutting, it is also required to leave a hole at 10 so that an axis machined from an aluminum rod can be inserted into it. Attach it with a bolt and nut to the bottle. After all the necessary wires have been soldered to the generator, another hole is made in the body of the bottle to output these same wires.

We stretch them and fix the bottle on top of the generator. They must match in shape and the bottle body must reliably hide all parts of the generator.

Shank for wind turbine

In order for the windmill to catch wind flows from different directions in the future, it is necessary to make a shank using a pre-prepared tube. The tail section will be attached to the generator using a screw-on shampoo cap.

A hole is also made in it and, having previously put a plug on one end of the tube, pull it out and fix it to the main body of the bottle. On the other hand, the tube is sawn through with a hacksaw and the shank wing is cut out with scissors from the lid of a plastic bucket, it should have a round shape.

All you need to do is simply cut off the edges of the bucket that attached it to the main container.

We attach a USB output to the back panel of the stand and put all the received parts into one. It will be possible to mount the radio or recharge the phone through this built-in USB port. Of course, the wind generator from the motor from the fan does not have strong power, but it can still provide lighting for one light bulb.

Step-by-step assembly of a windmill with your own hands

Stepper motor wind generator

How to make a wind generator from a stepper motor? after all, even at a low rotation speed it produces power of about 3 watts. The voltage can rise above 12 V, and this allows you to charge a small battery. As a generator, a stepper motor from a printer can be inserted into a future wind generator.

In generator mode, the stepper motor produces alternating current, and it can be easily converted to constant using several diode bridges and capacitors. The scheme, you can easily assemble with your own hands. The stabilizer is installed behind the bridges, as a result we get a constant output voltage. To control visual tension, you can install an LED.

In order to reduce the loss of 220V, Schottky diodes are used to rectify it.

Wind turbine blades can be made from pvc pipes. The blank of the blade is drawn on the pipe, and then cut out with a cutting disc. The propeller span should be about 50 cm, and the width of the blades should be 10 cm. You need to machine a sleeve with a flange to fit the size of the SD shaft.

It is mounted on the motor shaft and fastened with screws, plastic blades will be attached directly to the flanges. It is also necessary to carry out balancing - pieces of plastic are cut off from the ends of the blades, the angle of inclination can be changed by heating and bending.

The generator itself is inserted into a piece of pipe, to which it was also attached with bolts. As for the electrical board, it is better to place it below, and bring power from the generator to it. Up to 6 wires come out of the stepper motor, which correspond to two coils.

They require slip rings to transfer power from the moving part. By connecting all the parts together, you can proceed to testing the design, which will start revolutions at 1 m / s.

Homemade wind generator for heating

Wind generator from motor-wheel and magnets

Not everyone knows that a wind generator from a motor-wheel can be made by hand without significant financial costs and in a short time, the main thing is to stock up on the necessary materials in advance.

For a wind turbine based on a motor-wheel, the Savonius rotor is best suited, you can buy it ready-made or make it yourself. It consists of two semi-cylindrical blades and an overlap, from which the axes of rotation of the rotor are obtained.

And you also need to make the blades, you can choose the material for them yourself using wood, fiberglass or pvc pipe, which is the simplest and most the best option. We make a junction of parts, on which you need to make holes for fastening in accordance with the number of blades.

Also needed rotary mechanism made of steel so that the wind generator can subsequently withstand any weather. Windmill from the motor-wheel of a gyro scooter on video instructions.

Wind generator from ferrite magnets

It will be difficult to make a wind generator from magnets for inexperienced craftsmen, but you can still try. So, the generator should have four poles, each of which will contain two ferrite magnets.

They will be covered with metal pads a little less than a millimeter thick to distribute a more uniform magnetic flux. The main coils should be 6 pieces, rewound with a thick wire and should be located through each magnet, occupying a space corresponding to the length of the magnetic field.

The fastening of the winding circuits and the magnet can be on the hub from the grinder, in the middle of which a pre-turned bolt is installed.

The flow of energy supply is regulated by the height of the stator fixing above the rotor, the higher it is, the less sticking, respectively, the power decreases.

For a wind generator, you need to weld a support-rack, and fix 4 large blades on the stator disk, which you can cut out of the old metal barrel or plastic bucket lids.

At an average rotation speed, the wind generator produces up to about 20 watts.

Wind turbine generator with ferrite magnet cores.

Wind turbine with neodymium magnets

If you want to know how to create a wind generator, you need to base the hub of a car with brake discs, this choice is quite justified, because it is powerful, reliable and well balanced.

After you clean the hub from paint and dirt, you need to proceed to the placement of neodymium magnets directly.

They need 20 pieces per disk, their size should be 25x8 millimeters.

Magnets must be placed, taking into account the alternation of the poles, before gluing it is better to create a paper template or draw lines dividing the disk into sectors so as not to confuse the poles.

It is very important that the magnets facing each other are wrapped with different poles, that is, they attract. Magnets are glued with super glue, it is necessary to make borders along the edges of the disks and in their center by winding cattle or molding them from plasticine to prevent spreading.

In order for the wind generator made on neodymium magnets to work with maximum efficiency, the stator coils should be calculated correctly.

An increase in the number of poles leads to an increase in the frequency of the current in the coils, due to this, the generator, even at a low frequency of rotation of the blades, gives more power. The coils are wound with thicker wires in order to reduce the resistance in them.

Wind generator on neodymium magnets step by step instructions

When the main part of the generator is ready, the blades are made, as in the previous case, and fixed to the mast, which can be made from an ordinary plastic pipe with a diameter of 160 mm. In the end, a wind generator operating on the principle of magnetic levitation, with a diameter of one and a half meters and six blades, at 8 m / s, is capable of providing power up to 300 watts.

The price of disappointment or an expensive weather vane

Today, there are many options for how to make a wind generator, each of the methods is effective in its own way. If you are familiar with the methodology for manufacturing energy-producing equipment, then it will not make a difference for you to make it from a car generator or from a printer, the main thing is that it meets the scheme you have conceived and gives good power at the output.

Comparison of wind turbines video

alternative energy wind generator windmills

Smart greenhouse Smart greenhouse is classified into main categories Greenhouse benefits Irrigation and ventilation Solar distillation …

A home wind generator is an alternative device for generating electricity. Such equipment will be indispensable if you are not very close to the center line.

Advantages and disadvantages of equipment

A wind turbine for a home is a popular unit. However, it has its pros and cons. Among the advantages are the following:

You do not have to pay anything for the generated energy;

You will not be harmed if the main power supply is turned off;

Windmills can supply energy to those houses that are far from centralized lines;

It is possible to use a generator for space heating (together with other sources, such as solar panels);

The device does not emit any harmful substances, and also you do not have any waste, that is, you do not pollute the environment.

It should be noted that the wind generator for the home has certain disadvantages:

The initial purchase and installation is quite expensive;

Such a device can only work when the wind is blowing, so you will not be able to use such energy all the time;

The device makes quite a lot of noise.

Types of equipment

A wind generator for a home can be with a vertical or horizontal axis. The second type is more common. First of all, they were invented much earlier than vertical-axis devices. But they have their drawback: for the operation of such a unit, a certain direction and strength of the wind is necessary.

The first type of device has its advantages. In addition, it is becoming more popular than horizontal axis generators. The fact is that it constantly expands the power range. And vertical devices do not depend on the direction of the wind.

Design and principle of operation of the product

Do-it-yourself wind turbines for the home are not difficult to make. However, first you need to understand the design of the device. So, the presented device consists of only a few parts: a rotor, blades, a mast, as well as a “tail”, thanks to which the device turns in the direction of the wind. In addition, additional batteries may be included in the overall system.

In addition to the main components, in your own design you can use a variety of sensors, anemometers, blade rotation regulators. If the windmill is manufactured in production, then it can be equipped with a noise absorber, a wind orientation system.

As for the principle of operation of the presented equipment, it is very simple. When the wind blows, the blades of the windmill begin to rotate. As a result, the generator is turned on, which produces an electric current. Since it is constant, it is necessary to use an inverter. Thanks to him, you will receive alternating current at the output.

For the correct operation of the presented apparatus, it is necessary to use various measuring instruments that will help identify any inaccuracies in the operation of the windmill and eliminate them in time.

How to choose the right production model?

Choosing a wind turbine for a private house is quite simple. You just need to be guided by certain parameters. So, when buying, pay attention to such factors:

1. Wind direction. If the weather in your area is quite calm and quiet, or if the air flows are constantly moving in different directions, then perhaps such a device simply will not suit you. Although in this case you can use vertical wind turbines for your home.

2. Power. Here, too, it all depends on the area in which you will use the presented device. If the area where you are going to install it is not very favorable conditions for its operation, then you should not buy too powerful, and therefore expensive model. All your expenses simply will not pay off. For example, you can buy in this case a small apparatus with vertical blades.

3. Manufacturer. Here it is necessary to focus on well-known manufacturers with a good reputation and positive feedback.

What tools and materials are needed for manufacturing?

So, for work you will need the following items:

Drill and drills;

Nippers and screwdrivers;

Clamps, washers, bolts, as well as stainless steel wire;

A working automobile, as well as a non-working acid battery with a capacity of 12 V;

An old bucket or pan made of stainless material, plastic can be used if necessary;

Voltmeter;

Wires with a cross section of 2.5 and 4;

Battery charging relay, as well as an automotive charge lamp control relay;

Switch-button for 12 V;

External communication box of large dimensions.

Manufacturing technology

A wind generator is suitable as the main source of heat only if there is a constant wind of sufficient strength in the area where it is located. Besides, in winter period the rotor can freeze, so the blades will not spin. In this case, equipment failure may occur. Therefore, try to protect the unit from moisture and ice freezing.

A wind generator or, in common people, a windmill is a simple device that provides its owner with considerable savings due to the generation of free electricity. Such an installation is the dream of any owner of a plot cut off from centralized networks or a summer resident who is dissatisfied with a newly received receipt for electricity consumption.

Having understood the design of the wind generator, the principle of its operation, having studied the drawings, you can independently make and install a windmill, providing your home with unlimited alternative energy.

Is it legal to use wind?

Creating your own, albeit compact, but power plant is a serious thing, so it is logical that the question involuntarily arises: is their use legal? Yes, if the power of the wind-launched unit does not exceed 1 kW, which is quite enough to ensure electric shock average country house.

The fact is that it is with this power indicator that the device is considered household and does not require compulsory registration, certification, approval, registration and, moreover, is not subject to any tax.

However, before you make a wind turbine for your home, it is better to protect yourself and take into account a few points:

• Are there special restrictions on the use of alternative energy sources in the region of residence?
• What is the permissible height of the mast on the ground?
• Will the noise from the gearbox and blades exceed the established standards?
• Is it possible to provide protection against generated radio interference?
• Will the mast interfere with bird migration or cause other environmental problems?

If you think through all the nuances in advance, then neither the tax, nor the environmental services, nor the neighbors will be able to make claims and prevent the receipt of free electricity.

How does a windmill work?

In the photo, finished home-made wind turbines are presented elongated metal structures on three or four supports, with blades moving from the wind. As a result, the kinetic energy received by the wind flow is converted into mechanical energy, which in turn starts the rotor and becomes an electric current.

This process is the result of the well-established work of several mandatory components of a wind power plant (WPP):

• A propeller with two or more blades;
• turbine rotor;
• Reducer;
• Controller;
• Electric generator axle and generator;
• inverter;
• Battery.

It is also necessary to provide for a brake block, gondola, mast, weather vane, low and high speed shaft. The device also determines the principle of operation of the wind generator: a rotating rotor produces a three-phase alternating current that passes through the controller system and charges the DC battery.

The final amps are converted by the inverter and sent through the connected wiring to output points: sockets, lighting, household appliances and electrical appliances.

How to do it yourself?

The most reliable and simple design is considered to be a rotary wind turbine, which is an installation with a vertical axis of rotation. A ready-made home-made generator of this type is able to fully ensure the energy consumption of the dacha, including equipping the living quarters, outbuildings and street lighting (though not too bright).

If you get an inverter with indicators of 100 volts and a battery of 75 amperes, then the windmill will be much more powerful and productive: there will be enough electricity for both video surveillance and an alarm.

To make a wind generator, you will need construction details, consumables and tools. The first step is to find suitable windmill components, many of which can be found among old stocks:

• Generator from a car with a power of about 12 V;
• Rechargeable battery for 12 V;
• Push-button semi-hermetic switch;
• Inventory;
• Car relay used to charge the battery.

You will also need consumables:

• Fasteners (bolts, nuts, insulating tape);
• Steel or aluminum container;
• Wiring with a cross section of 4 square meters. mm (two meters) and 2.5 sq. mm (one meter);
• Mast, tripod and other elements to enhance stability;
• Strong rope.

It is advisable to find, study and print drawings of wind turbines with your own hands. You will also need tools, including a grinder, a meter, pliers, a drill, sharp knife, electric drill, screwdrivers (Phillips, minus, indicator) and wrenches.

Having prepared everything you need, you can start assembling, focusing on step by step instructions telling how to make a wind generator with your own hands:

• Cut out blades of the same size from a metal container, leaving an untouched strip of metal a few centimeters at the base.
• Symmetrically make holes with a drill for the existing bolts in the bottom of the base of the tank and the generator pulley.
• Bend the blades.
• Fix on the blade pulley.
• Install and secure the generator on the mast with clamps or a rope, stepping back from the top about ten centimeters.
• Establish wiring (to connect the battery, a meter-long core with a cross section of 4 sq. Mm is enough, for loading with lighting and electrical appliances - 2.5 sq. Mm).
• Mark the connection diagram, color and letter marking for future repairs.
• Install the transmitter with quarter wire.
• If necessary, decorate the structure with a weather vane and paint.
• Secure the wires by winding the installation mast.

Do-it-yourself 220 Volt wind generators are an opportunity to provide a summer house or Vacation home free electricity in the shortest possible time. Even a beginner can set up such an installation, and most of the details for the structure have long been idle in the garage.

DIY photo of wind turbines