Facing own house always begins with the calculation of the cost of work, it is understandable, this pleasure is always costly, however, in order to bring everything into one estimate, we need to know how to calculate the amount of facing bricks per house.
You can do this in two ways:
- On one's own. Having calculated all the necessary values, taking into account all the nuances of the walls.
- With the help of special calculators, in which you just need to “drive certain data.
We consider the facade and walls of the house
Let's immediately decide that we are going to the whole house, and not just its facade. So it will be easier to visually and by example show how the calculations work, and from what moments we will move back.
For an accurate calculation, we will need two quantities:
- Size, dimensions of the material used.
- The size of the patch. In this case, it is a little difficult to guide it accurately, but we will start from the average thickness.
The standard size of stone used in building cladding is 250*120*65mm, we need the length and height, so we take the values 250*65mm. We will try to reduce the size of the stitching to the denominator - 10 mm, this is the most best option for masonry.
Important! It cannot affect the total amount of material in any way, so this indicator should not even be considered.
Standard sizes lead us to 51-52 pieces facing material in 1 square meter. In principle, by entering this data into the calculator for calculating facing bricks for a house, everything will be calculated instantly, but this will be the total area of \u200b\u200bthe walls and the total amount of material.
And here's the thing, the walls of any house are not only a solid surface, and we will have to count everything with our own hands, based on the fact that there are dimensions:
- Window openings. They are not always standard, and the shape and area of \u200b\u200bsuch an opening may be different on different sides of the building or on different floors, this will also have to be taken into account immediately when calculating.
- doorways, we have at least two doors, entrance and back, plus, possibly, a balcony.
Knowing how to calculate the amount of brick for facing a house, and knowing all the parameters of the walls, we get the final figure. Here you can immediately make a small footnote, the total area of windows and doors can be from 20% of the entire quadrature of the walls of the building.
architectural nuances
We often talk about facing material need to buy with some margin. It is clear that the most obvious reasons are stone breakage, or deformation, improperly behaved masonry.
However, there is another reason, these are architectural nuances that look great on paper, but are sometimes quite difficult to work with.
Even if the foundation of the walls is double silicate brick M 150, the material is unpretentious and simple, even they can make small ledges, parapets, extensions, that is, change the even plane of the walls.
By repeating the contour, we will have to take all this into account in the calculations, and even if very small changes, they will still require an additional brick.
Windows and rustication of corners
So, we figured out the walls, now let's move on to the window openings, because we can't leave them “naked”.
And for the rustication of the corners of the house and for framing the window opening, one simple formula can be used.
In it, the calculation of facing bricks is based on the length of linear meters of openings and its division by the height of the facing material.
We explain. First, we measure all openings. Once again, it reminds us of linear meters, that is, everything here is just plus. Next, we have the height of the stone, this is always the standard size, even if building brick used, 65 mm.
In addition, we add the thickness of the seam, 10 mm, and we get the following formula 1m / (0.065 + 0.01). According to calculations, this is 13.33 bricks per 1 running meter.
We carry out exactly the same calculations when we need to calculate the rustication of all corners, by the way, there may not be 4 of them.
Subtotal
We can reduce our calculations to several main positions, these are:
- 52 pieces per square meter walls.
- 14 pieces per linear meter of windows and corners.
- The working surface of the walls.
Knowing all the parameters, we can easily come to the necessary numbers.
Additional calculations
If we have a terrace, for example, or a canopy, a veranda open type, that is, decorative columns, pillars, which are also included in our calculation of the number of facing bricks per house, as they should be in the same style direction as the facade.
A column measuring 38x38 centimeters, as the most common for a veranda and a canopy, will require us to 4 in one row with a standard size 250*120*65 .
Again, we take into account in our calculations the thickness of the seam, which we try to keep within 10 mm. In general, the instructions are quite simple.
It is 118 bricks that we need for one column. Actually, knowing this figure, we further consider how much it will take for the rest of the columns.
There is one nuance here, which depends on the size of the pillar, if everything is simple with the walls, and there can be only one option for both calculations and masonry, then we can lay pillars in several types.
Advice! Do not pay attention to the mismatch in the size of the facing bricks. Just for walls can be used standard dimensions, and for the columns choose a torn corner brick, its dimensions are 220 * 90 * 65. In this case, the number of pieces of material will not change, only the size of the column itself.
Conclusion
Such close attention to the calculations is due to the fact that the price of the material is not the cheapest, and it is necessary to understand how much material to buy at once. This is where color plays an important role. We have noted more than once that bricks from different purchase lots may differ in color.
Conclusion
Knowing how to calculate facing brick at home, we can independently start the rest of the work, and keep the result in mind when choosing a material at a cost. The price per brick is always per piece. In the presented video in this article you will find Additional information on this topic.
Happy building!
Brick is considered the most popular building material in the construction of both residential and non-residential buildings. Before proceeding with the construction process, it is necessary to carry out a preliminary calculation in order to understand how many bricks will be needed. This is done in order to avoid unnecessary costs and eliminate the possibility of a shortage of building materials during construction. However, before proceeding with the calculations, it is necessary to take into account several points, namely:
- brick type;
- The masonry method is selected depending on the desired thickness of future walls;
- The area of walls, as well as door and window openings.
The main types of bricks and methods of their laying
In accordance with GOST, the size of an ordinary brick must have the same length and width (25x12 cm). Only the thickness can differ:
- For a single one - 0.65 cm;
- One and a half - 0.88 cm;
- Double - 1.38 cm.
Advice. The most aesthetic appearance have walls that were built from a single brick. However, the use of one and a half and double bricks greatly speeds up and facilitates the construction process. In addition, the consumption of masonry mortar is reduced.
The masonry method directly affects the thickness of future walls. Masonry is of the following types:
- In half a brick (thickness 12 cm);
- In a full brick (thickness 25 cm);
- One and a half bricks (thickness 38 cm);
- In two bricks (thickness 51 cm);
- In two and a half bricks (64 cm).
Advice. Considering the features climatic zones, the most optimal solution would be laying walls in two and two and a half bricks.
Calculation of the amount of building material
In the calculation, two methods are often used. In one, calculations are carried out taking into account the mortar joint, and in the second they are not taken into account. Usually its thickness ranges from 5 to 10 mm.
It's important to know! If the second method is used in the calculation, there is a chance of obtaining an excess of building materials, approximately 30%. The first method is more economical, but it also has its own "pitfalls". To the resulting amount of material should be added 10-15%. These percentages take into account the possible scrap of bricks during construction.
Example. For better understanding let's look at an example. Need to build a one-story brick house with the following dimensions:
- Length - 12 m;
- Width - 10 m;
- Height - 4 m.
The calculation is carried out only taking into account external walls. They have one door (1x2 m) and three window (1.2x1.5 m) openings. Brick type: ordinary single. Laying method: in two bricks. Mortar joint: 7 mm.
So, the calculation of the amount of building materials for the construction of the specified house according to the first method should look like this:
First you need to determine the perimeter of the outer walls (1). Then you can calculate their area (2). Next, you need to calculate the area of the openings (3). Now you can calculate the area of \u200b\u200bthe masonry itself (4). next step will determine the amount of building material by 1. To do this, you need to calculate the area of \u200b\u200bthe frontal surface of the brick (5) and divide the resulting value by 1 (6), and then multiply by 2, since in our case the laying is carried out in two bricks (7). Total: 256 bricks per 1.
Result: to build the walls of the house according to the above parameters, 31,898 bricks will be needed.
To calculate the amount of building material in another way, the thickness of the seam must be added to the size of the brick, in our case it is 7 mm (9). From this it turns out that the number of bricks per 1 will be 219 pieces (10). Now we multiply this quantity by the total masonry area (11), additionally adding the amount of material for scrap (1500-2000 pieces) and we get approximately 28,800-29,300 pieces.
Calculations:
- Rn \u003d (12 + 10) x2 \u003d 44 m.
- Sc=44x3=132 m^2.
- Sp \u003d (1x2) + (1.2x1.5)x3 \u003d 7.4.
- Sk=132-7.4=124.6.
- 0.12x0.065=0.0078.
- 1/0,0078=128.
- 128x2=256.
- 124.6x56=31897.6
- (0.12+0.007)x(0.065+0.007)=0.009144.
- 1/0.009144x2=218.723.
- 219xSk = 219x124.6 = 27287.4.
Having analyzed both calculation options by example, we can see that the first method is more economical.
Calculation with an online calculator
In the event that you do not want to fill your head with a large number of numbers, or you are simply afraid of making mistakes in the calculations, then you can use special online calculators. With their help, you can quickly calculate the required amount of bricks. It is enough just to enter required parameters into the appropriate fields and the calculator will immediately give the result. In addition to calculating the number of bricks with an online calculator, you can determine other parameters necessary for construction. The main advantage of such calculators is their convenience and accuracy. Using this method calculation, the chance of making a mistake is reduced to zero. Plus, they're completely free.
Many diligent hosts prefer brick houses, because they perfectly retain heat in winter and cool in summer, however, the construction of such cottages requires accurate masonry calculator.
What is the brickwork calculator based on?
A house of building blocks of any type can only be erected according to a certain pattern, so that the upper rows hold the lower rows. There are several different ways masonry, and they directly depend on how thick the walls are planned to be made. The “half-brick” option implies that the blocks in the rows will be joined by short sides (pokes), that is, their width will become the only protection of the premises from external environment. Methods "in one brick", as well as one and a half and two, mean that the thickness of the walls will correspond to the length (spoon) of one block (250 mm), as well as the sum of spoons of one and a half or two blocks (380 and 510 mm, respectively) .
Of course, the easiest way to calculate how much material will go to the thinnest version of the masonry. It is only necessary to divide the total height of the wall by the identical indicator for the row and multiply by the amount laid in it. However, multilayer types of masonry and different kinds building blocks do not allow to apply this method in all cases without exception. The size of a typical single brick corresponds to following values: 250x120x65 is a spoon, poke and brick height. One and a half differs only in one, the last parameter, which takes the value of 88 millimeters. The double version has standard length and width, while its height is already 138 centimeters.
As can be seen from all of the above, so that there are no difficulties with the calculation of the material, the masonry calculator must be compiled for one type of building blocks, without mixing standard sizes. It is logical that you need to buy material in one batch so that there are no differences in color and it does not turn out that some of the bricks are not fired enough, and some are overheated. To find out exactly how much material is needed, we draw up the exact parameters of the house, based on the plan. We need its perimeter and height, these indicators will form the area of \u200b\u200bthe walls, to which you need to add the dimensions internal partitions. You will also need the thickness of the masonry, the area of \u200b\u200bwindow and doorways and, in fact, the size of the brick.
An easy way to calculate the number of bricks
Since all building blocks come out of the same molds during manufacture, they have the same dimensions. Therefore, it is enough to know the length of the spoon and poke, as well as the height of the brick, in order to determine its volume, which in the future will help to understand how many cubic meters of material will be needed. Or calculate the quantity in pieces, since this option seems more convenient to someone. Further, the lengths of all walls without exception are added and multiplied by the height of the building, thus obtaining the total area vertical surfaces. Then we measure the window and door openings and determine their area, which we subtract from the result obtained earlier. We have a real area future masonry. Now let's move on to the details of how to calculate the number of bricks per house.
In the formulas, it will be formatted like this. Spoon, poke and the height of the brick are denoted by letters l, j and h respectively. Volume building block V b =lj .h, moreover, if we want to get the result in cubic meters, typical indicators will not look like 250x120x65, but 0.25x0.12x0.065 (m). Building dimensions P and H(the perimeter of ALL walls, including internal ones, and their height) will give us, when multiplied, their area, that is, S=P.H, from here we subtract the area of \u200b\u200ball window and door openings s=h .b, where h and b height and width of the opening, respectively. That is, the laying area S cl \u003dS-s. A rough calculation would look like this: total masonry volume in cubic meters V cl \u003dV b.S cl.n(m 3). Here n is the coefficient corresponding to the number of pokes that make up the depth of the wall, that is, 1 - in half a brick, 2 - in one brick, and so on.
Why are these calculations rough? It's simple - before you calculate the brickwork, the thickness of the seams, which is usually taken as 10 millimeters or 0.01 meters, is not taken into account. Accordingly, since each row of blocks has the above layer of mortar, it will be fair if we increase the height of the brick by this value. Thus, the standard size takes parameters 0.25x0.12x0.075, one and a half - 0.25x0.12x0.098, double - 0.25x0.12x0.148 meters. And now all the calculations will give exactly the result that you need. For simplicity, many data can be taken from a ready-made table.
The number of blocks in 1 m 2 masonry
Masonry type | brick size | Quantity without mortar joints, pcs. | Quantity including mortar joints, pcs. |
|---|---|---|---|
in 0.5 bricks | single | ||
one and a half | |||
in 1 brick | single | ||
one and a half | |||
in 1.5 bricks | single | ||
one and a half | |||
in 2 bricks | single | ||
one and a half | |||
in 2.5 bricks | single | ||
one and a half | |||
Finding out how to calculate how many bricks you need
Some buy building materials in cubic meters, others scrupulously count them by the piece. This is especially true of building blocks, and in most cases when they are purchased in dozens. However, knowing how many bricks are available can significantly reduce the likelihood of their overrun. For determining quantity of material comes first simplest way which was briefly mentioned earlier. It doesn't need a lot of calculations, except to calculate brickwork in one row, and then multiply the result by the number of rows in the wall. However, there are several downsides. Firstly, door and window openings are not taken into account, and secondly, it is difficult to calculate the gables.
There are more effective methods. For example, using the above table, we find out how many bricks are in a square meter of a wall, taking into account a certain amount of mortar. Next, it will not be difficult for you to calculate how much brick you need, because all necessary information is in your plan, and if the formulas proposed in the article have already been used, then the matter is small. It is only necessary to multiply the total area of \u200b\u200bthe walls (minus openings) by the number of building blocks in one square. This is also suitable for calculating gables, the geometry of which is very easy to determine.
If, in addition to brick walls, fireplaces and foundations for them are built in the house, calculations should be based on ordering schemes.
It happens that the laying of the cottage is carried out with ordinary raw bricks, and later on the outside is lined with the corresponding blocks. Various materials in no case are they added, all calculations must be done separately. At the same time, the quantity or volume in cubic meters for facing building blocks is calculated in the same way as for a conventional half-brick wall. The exceptions are those cases where decorative inclusions are provided, such as arches, battlements, pilasters and other elements of artistic decoration.
The popularity of brick buildings is explained by a number of positive characteristics of this building material. In the first place is durability. Brick houses with properly executed masonry will stand for centuries. And there is evidence for that. Today you can see strong buildings erected several centuries ago.
Dense brick perfectly withstands the "attacks" of bad weather. It does not collapse under rain streams, does not crack from temperature changes and steadfastly withstands both severe frosts and burning heat. The brick is also immune to sunlight.
Atmospheric phenomena can damage the masonry, but this will take more than one decade.
In favor of a brick speaks resistance to biological destruction. In addition, the brick is fireproof. Even with prolonged exposure open fire walls don't break. Architects love this building material due to the fact that it allows you to realize interesting architectural solutions.
Nowadays, not only white silicate and red bricks are produced, but also multi-colored ones, which makes it possible to create original colored facades. Brick houses look solid, reliable, like a real fortress from a well-known saying.
What does it depend on?
First of all, the need for bricks for building a house depends on the dimensions of the walls, more precisely, on their thickness. The thicker the walls, the more building material they will need. The thickness of the walls is determined by the type of masonry. Their variety is limited.
Depending on the number and location of bricks, masonry is distinguished in:
- half-brick (masonry is used for partitions, since capital buildings are not built in half-brick);
- one (masonry is used for partitions, sometimes for garden houses where there is no heating)
- one and a half (suitable for the construction of buildings in a warm climate);
- two (suitable for erecting buildings in middle lane Russia, Ukraine, Belarus);
- two and a half (most often used in the construction of private houses and cottages in regions of the II climatic zone);
- three (now practically not used, but found in buildings of the past, before last and earlier centuries).
The bricks themselves differ in size. According to existing standards, all manufacturers produce building material with identical dimensions only in length and width. The first parameter (length) is 25 cm, the second (width) - 12 cm. The differences are in thickness.
Accepted following sizes thickness at:
- single - 6.5 cm;
- one and a half - 8.8 cm;
- double - 13.8 cm.
Bricks of the same or different types. If after construction it is not planned to cover the facade with plaster, a single brick will be the most preferable, as it looks great.
Often a single view is used for cladding, and inner part masonry is made up of thickened (one and a half) or double bricks. The cumulative use of the two types usually takes place if you need to save money. After all, a double brick in terms of volume is much cheaper than a single or one and a half.
When determining the amount of building material, it is necessary to focus on two parameters: the type of masonry and the type of bricks.
Peculiarities
In order to correctly calculate the need for bricks for building a house, you need to know its dimensions. Usually beginners in construction make mistakes and get significantly large quantity building material than is actually needed.
The error is that mortar joints are not taken into account. Meanwhile, the layer of mortar between the bricks is a considerable volume. If you miss the volume of the seams, the result will differ by at least 20 percent.
As a rule, the seams have a thickness of at least 5 and not more than 10 mm. Knowing the dimensions of the base material, it is easy to calculate that in one cubic meter of masonry from 20 to 30 percent of the volume is masonry mortar. An example for different types of bricks and the average thickness of the mortar joint. Practice shows that one cubic meter masonry accounts for 512 single bricks, 378 thickened or 242 double.
Taking into account the solution, the amount is significantly reduced: single bricks require 23% less, that is, only 394 pieces, one and a half, respectively, 302, and double - 200 pieces. Calculation required amount bricks for building a house can be done in two ways.
In the first case, you can take a brick not standard size, but with allowances equal to the thickness of the mortar joint. The second method, in which the average consumption of building material per square meter of masonry is taken into account, is more preferable. The task is solved faster, and the result is quite accurate.
The deviation in one direction or another is no more than three percent. Agree that such a small error is quite acceptable. Another example, but now not in terms of volume, but in terms of wall area - a calculation taking into account the laying method of 0.5, one, one and a half, two or two and a half bricks.
Half-brick masonry is usually laid out using beautiful cladding marks.
For 1 m2, taking into account the seams, it is required:
- single - 51 pcs;
- thickened - 39 pcs;
- double - 26 pcs.
For laying 1 brick per square meter, you must:
- single - 102 pcs;
- thickened - 78 pcs;
- double - 52 pcs.
A wall thickness of 38 cm is obtained when laying one and a half bricks.
The material requirement in this case is:
- single - 153 pcs;
- thickened - 117 pcs;
- double - 78 pcs.
For 1 m2 of masonry in 2 bricks you will have to spend:
- single - 204 pcs;
- thickened - 156 pcs;
- double - 104 pcs.
For thicker walls of 64 cm, builders will need for each square meter:
- single - 255 pcs;
- thickened - 195 pcs;
- double - 130 pcs.
How to count?
In order to correctly perform the operation to establish the required amount of bricks needed to build a house, you will have to break the work into several stages. It doesn’t matter what kind of house it is decided to build: a small low house or a large two-story house with an attached garage, winter garden or terrace, the principle of calculation is the same. First you need to calculate the area of \u200b\u200bthe outer walls. A similar calculation of areas is carried out for internal walls.
It makes no sense to do a joint calculation, since the thickness of the walls of the outer and inner walls is significantly different.
Then you need to calculate the area of window and door openings. In the project, as a rule, not areas are indicated, but linear dimensions. To calculate the area, you will have to use the formula familiar from school, multiplying the height by the width. If the openings are the same, you can find the area of one opening, for example, a window opening, and multiply the result by the number of future windows. If the dimensions in different rooms differ, you need to do the calculations for each separately.
All obtained areas of openings are added up and subtracted from the area obtained for the walls. Finding out how much brick goes into a known volume or area is quite simple. For example, for 200 sq. m of masonry in 1 standard (single) brick will leave without taking into account the seams 61 x 200 = 12,200 pieces, and taking into account the seams - 51 x 200 = 10,200 pieces.
Let's give an example of calculating the consumption of bricks. Let's say you plan to build a two-story brick house. The width of the building is 9 m, the length is 11 m, and the height is 6.5 m. The project provides for laying 2.5 bricks, with a 0.5 brick lining on the outside, and the main wall is laid out of double brick. Inside the building, the thickness of the walls is one brick. total length of all internal walls is 45 m. In the external walls there are 3 doorways with a width of 1 m and a height of 2.1 m. The number of window openings is 8, their dimensions are 1.75 x 1.3 m. 0.8 m and one 2.0 x 1.5 m.
Determine the area of the outer walls:
9 x 6.5 x 2 = 117 m2
11 x 6.5 x 2 = 143 m2
117 +143 = 260 m2
Door area: 1 x 2.1 x 3 = 6.3 m2
Area of window openings: 1.75 x 1.3 x 8 = 18.2 m2
In order to correctly determine the completely continuous area of \u200b\u200bthe outer walls, the area of all openings must be subtracted from the total area: 260 - (6.3 + 18.2) \u003d 235.5 m2. We determine the area of \u200b\u200bthe internal walls, taking into account the fact that brick walls located only on the first floor with a ceiling height of 3.25 m: 45 x 3.25 = 146.25 m2. Without taking into account openings, the area of \u200b\u200bthe walls inside the room will be:
146.25 - (2.0 x 0.8 x 4) - (2.0 x 1.5) = 136.85 m2
double: 235.5 x 104 \u003d 24,492 pcs;
facing: 235.5 x 51 = 12,011 pcs;
single: 136.85 x 102 \u003d 13,959 pcs.
The number of units is determined approximately, rounded up to one integer.
When external walls are erected with one type of brick, the calculation can be performed by volume.
With the same overall dimensions at home, we will calculate by volume. First, we determine the volume of the walls. To do this, the length of one of the sides of the house (for example, a smaller one, 9 meters long) accept completely and calculate the volume of two parallel walls:
9 (length) x 6.5 (height) x 0.64 (2.5 brick thickness) x 2 (number of walls) = 74.88 m3
The length of the second wall is reduced by (0.64 m x 2), that is, by 1.28 m. 11 - 1.28 \u003d 9.72 m
The volume of the remaining two walls is:
9.72 x 6.5 x 0.64 x 2 = 80.87 m3
Total cubic capacity of walls: 74.88 + 80.87 = 155.75 m3
The number of bricks depends on the type chosen and will be for:
- single: 155.75 m3 x 394 pcs / m3 = 61,366 pcs;
- thickened: 155.75 m3 x 302 pcs / m3 = 47,037 pcs;
- double: 155.75 m3 x 200 pcs / m3 = 31,150 pcs.
As a rule, building materials are sold not by the piece, but by a batch laid on a pallet.
For solid bricks you can focus on the following amount in the pallet:
- single - 420 pcs;
- one and a half - 390 pcs;
- double - 200 pcs.
To order a batch of building material, it remains to determine the number of pallets.
In our last example, the demand for bricks will be:
- single: 61 366 / 420 = 147 pallets;
- one and a half: 47 037 / 390 = 121 pallets;
- double: 31 150 / 200 = 156 pallets.
When performing calculations, the builder always makes roundings in big side. In addition to the material directly used in masonry, it must be borne in mind that when moving and performing work, part of the material goes into battle, that is, a certain supply is needed.
It is generally accepted that all bricks meet the established standards in size. However, there are tolerances, and different batches of products may vary slightly. The structure will lose its flawlessness when using different batches of bricks. For this reason, it is recommended to order the full volume. building materials one supplier at a time.
Only in this way, the guaranteed purchased material will differ in size and color shades (for facing brands). The estimated amount should be increased by 5%, attributable to inevitable losses during transportation and construction. Proper calculation of the need for bricks will prevent unnecessary downtime and save the developer's finances.
For information on how much it costs to build a brick house, see the following video.
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