Decorative plaster - how to make it yourself from ordinary putty. Do-it-yourself decorative plaster Do-it-yourself decorative interior plaster

Decorative plaster is always exquisite design walls Its application is a labor-intensive and expensive process, but the resulting coating is very strong and durable. There are several most popular application techniques, but with the advent of new plaster compositions, the variety of textures and patterns is growing. In this article we will look at the features of decorative plaster of walls with our own hands.

Types of decorative plaster

For ease of storage, most decorative plasters are sold dry. These mixtures already include a plaster base and decorative fillers (sand, stone chips, fibers, antiseptic additives, dyes). The larger the filler size, the higher the consumption of the finished mixture per m2 will be and, accordingly, the more prominent the pattern.

Decorative plasters are divided into 2 main types: façade and for interior work . In the first case, frost-resistant and moisture-resistant additives are added to the mixture. They are also more resistant to ultraviolet rays, which preserves their color for many years even on southern facades.

Tip: when choosing decorative facade plaster It is better to give preference to light and pastel shades. Even the highest quality composition with bright pigmentation begins to fade over time.

Decorative plasters for interior work are called interior plasters and are divided according to their composition into:

mineral. It prevents the appearance and spread of mold. High moisture resistance allows its use in rooms with high humidity. But due to low elasticity, cracks may appear at large temperature changes;
acrylic. Good elasticity and durability of the coating have made it one of the most popular. But it has 2 disadvantages: high cost and difficult to clean when dirty;
silicate even though it has high price, but it is completely justified. Coating based silicate plaster very practical, durable and strong;
silicone. Among all the above types, this is the most durable composition for interior work.

According to the type of pattern and texture obtained, all decorative plasters are divided into:

structural coating. It contains fillers of different properties and sizes - from fibers to pebbles. The most popular covering of this type is bark beetle. It is made on a cement and synthetic basis. Application is the simplest of all types;
mineral coating. It is made on the basis of marble chips, lime and cement, therefore it also has thermal insulation properties. And thanks to the modifiers in the composition, it has moisture-resistant properties. Has low consumption and is recommended for interior and exterior work;
Venetian plaster. Known for several centuries. These compositions are very expensive, since the composition includes a dusty fraction of marble, which after application creates the effect of walls with the shimmer of natural stone. It is difficult to apply and takes a very long time, since several layers are made. Suitable for interior use only.

Advantages of decorative plaster

Plaster gives the appearance of the house nobility and makes the interior multifaceted. It will be an excellent basis for any design, and the heterogeneity of the coating and color will create a unique range of colors.
Decorative plasters not only decorate the walls, but also, due to their moisture-resistant properties, protect the base on which they are applied.
If the application technology is followed, it will decorate walls for many years, without cracks or rust, even in regions with harsh winters.

Most popular textures of decorative plasters do not require special skills when applied. Therefore, the final cost, taking into account doing the work yourself, competes with other wall and ceiling coverings.
When using plaster with coarse filler, very careful preparation of the walls is not required.
To change the appearance of the room and facade, simply repaint the plaster. By changing the color, its relief and texture will remain.

Tools and materials for applying decorative plaster with your own hands

Of course, the specific set of materials and devices will depend on the chosen decorative coating and the method of its application.

Primer;
finishing putty;
decorative plaster;
glossy or matte wax;
spatulas of different sizes;
tassels;
paint tray;
rollers with a relief pattern;
sponge, rags, etc.

Preparatory work before plastering interior walls with your own hands

If a plaster composition with a small relief is used, then the walls are prepared perfectly evenly - as if they were to be painted.
The finishing putty is applied in a very thin layer; its main purpose is not to level the surface, but to close all pores. After it has dried, the surface is sanded with a paint trowel or a fine-grained trowel. As a result, dust is formed and if it is not removed, the decorative plaster will peel off in the future. Dust the wall with a primer.

When applying the final decorative coating, you must remember that in one day it is recommended to do no more than two walls that are not adjacent to each other, so as not to spoil the design in the corners.
If plaster gets on the floor or other objects, it is recommended to wipe it off immediately. Otherwise, it will harden and can only be removed with a spatula, and there is a risk of scratching the surface.

DIY decorative structural plaster

This is the most preferred option for self-application if you have no experience.
It is already on sale in finished form in plastic buckets of different sizes. For indoor work, the compositions are manufactured at water based and therefore do not have a strong unpleasant odor. In addition, all structural plasters are very elastic and easy to work with with any tool.

For exterior work, such compositions based on cement and lime are chosen.

Stages of work

Since the composition has bulk fillers, then perfect alignment In this case, no surface is required. The most important thing is that the surface is dust-free and dry. In addition, the primer creates an additional moisture-resistant layer between the surface and the decorative coating, and also enhances their adhesion.
Apply the decorative composition with a spatula, starting work from the top and moving down. The first layer is very important. They are used to align internal and external corners.
You can level it with even, straight movements, but it will look more advantageous if you apply it in chaotic directions. Such stripes will create a unique pattern.
When the layer is completely finished over the entire area (and this must always be done at once, otherwise the joint will be visible) it is left until completely dry. It’s better not to rush and wait a day.
Next they do upper layer, which is called covering. Sometimes it turns out to be quite thick, especially when creating corners or niches. And it takes up to two days for it to dry completely.

If the resulting coating seems too dull and uniform, it is additionally painted with a sponge, creating an imitation of highlights or scuffs.
When the paint has dried, the entire area is treated with protective wax.

DIY decorative textured plaster

The complexity of the design, its volume and texture will depend on the application method and the tools used. The compositions for it may not have a filler, so even ordinary finishing plaster will do, with the help of which a relief surface will be created.
The most popular designs for textured plaster are in the form of tree bark or compressed paper.
The quality of the resulting coating will be influenced by the composition of the plaster. Thus, the best relief and guarantee against cracking can be achieved with polymer compounds. But in most cases, the basis is lime flour with various fillers.

Stages of work

If the solution for plastering the walls was made with your own hands, then before starting the main work it is checked. Apply it to a section of the wall and make sure that it is not too liquid and does not run off, but it should not be too thick either, otherwise the plaster will lose its plasticity and harden too quickly.
It is advisable to carry out the work together. While one applies and smoothes the composition, the other gives it shape. If this is not possible, then the surface is immediately divided into several zones and done in stages. This is important, because the applied composition sets quickly, and the relief must be formed immediately.

Plaster is applied to the wall. If it is fine-grained, then the layer is 2-3 mm; if the filling fraction is large, then the layer is equal to its thickness.
Relief formation is creative process and the final result will depend only on the flight of the master’s imagination. Often, the end result is very different from what was originally planned.

But there are still several common ways to create a decorative texture on plaster. For example:

using a sponge. The sponge is moistened in a soapy water solution so that it does not stick to the plaster. And they press, as if pressing, and at the same time, turn in a circular motion. This way they cover the entire area, leaving no untreated areas;
using a grater. This is a special grater for decorative plaster. With its help, vertical furrows are applied that replicate the tree bark. Their configuration will change depending on the pressure and angle of pressure;
application in uneven bumps will be an exciting process. The consumption of plaster will be high, but in the end you will get a beautiful texture called “fur coat”. Most often it is done when plastering external walls with your own hands. Since application is simple and a very noticeable thermal insulation layer is created on the facade.

To emphasize the texture, as a rule, finishing coloring is carried out in 2 stages:

first, the entire surface and all the recesses are very carefully painted with a lighter tone;
when the paint dries, only the protruding parts of the relief are painted with a darker shade. If the area is small, then do it with a brush; for larger volumes, it is more convenient to work with a smooth roller.

The final step is to apply a wax-based protective varnish.

DIY decorative plaster video

DIY decorative Venetian plaster

Initially, it is sold in a transparent form as a ready-made solution in jars. If desired, it can be tinted in any chosen shade.
Walls for Venetian plaster are ideally prepared, since the applied layer has no relief.
Suitable for use in residential areas and made on the basis natural materials: slaked lime, water and marble dust.
In addition to its high decorative qualities, Venetian plaster has high moisture resistance, is environmentally friendly, does not have an unpleasant odor and is fireproof.

Stages of work

If the mixture is purchased in dry form, then immediately before starting work it is diluted in such an amount that it is enough to cover the entire wall at once. The mixture is gradually added to the water and mixed with a mixer. At the very end, color is added. The proportions are indicated on the packaging by the manufacturer; the consistency should be elastic and not liquid. In this case, the temperature in the room in which the solution is prepared should not be lower than +10 °C.
The first layer is made very thin and covers the entire area evenly.

The second layer should already create the drawing. To do this, apply the solution with arbitrary smooth movements. rubber spatula. Each layer is applied only after the previous one has completely dried (at least 6 hours).
Venetian plaster requires at least 4 layers, but ideally there should be 12.
Rich and deep color scheme Natural marble can be achieved if each layer has a different shade.
For a beautiful glossy shine, protective wax is applied to the coating.

Lime decorative plaster

This inexpensive way decorate the walls. Since the solution is prepared independently, and all the components for it are expensive. In addition, lime-based decorative plaster is environmentally friendly and does not have an unpleasant odor.
Important: this solution takes much longer to harden, so it is not recommended to apply a thick layer, otherwise it will “float”.

Preparation lime mortar for plastering walls with your own hands

Lime plaster is a composition of sand and slaked lime. These ratios may vary and are selected individually. So, if the solution does not stick to the wall as it should, you should add lime to it, and if it sticks too much to the spatula, then, on the contrary, add sand.
First we slak the lime. The required amount of lime is poured into a container (any container except plastic), filled with warm water and tightly closed with a lid. When the boiling reaction is over, filter the lime through 2 layers of gauze. The resulting mass is set aside for a day to thicken.
Sifted sand and a little water are added to the lime and mixed until smooth. And gradually adding sand and water at the same time in small portions, the solution is brought to the desired consistency. Finished plaster can be used within 2 days.

Advice: if you want to make lime plaster with decorative relief or filling, you should not use it in its pure form. It is recommended to make lime-cement or lime-gypsum compositions.

Decorative plaster of walls with cement mortar

Cement-based decorative plaster is used in most cases for facade cladding.

How to make a solution cement plaster with your own hands

Cement, sand and water are used as a base; in addition, various polymer additives and mineral fillers for relief.

The peculiarity of plastering walls with cement mortar with your own hands lies in the correctly prepared mortar:

too fat it will happen if you overdo it with the amount of binder component, in this case cracking may begin already during setting;
skinny They call plaster, which contains a lot of water and mineral filler, and, on the contrary, little cement. This solution will quickly begin to peel off from the surface;
normal composition- in which the quality of cement and the sand filler fraction are maintained in the correct proportions.

Stages of applying decorative plaster to the facade with your own hands

First, the facade is plastered with starting putty and the reinforcing mesh is immediately embedded into this layer. This will allow you to level the walls (especially if the work is carried out on foam block, polystyrene foam or penoplex), and make solid foundation under the decorative layer. Level and leave to dry.
The surface is primed, and as soon as it dries, the finishing layer begins to be applied.
It is better to work together, as the solution dries faster outside than indoors. First, a layer is sprayed onto a section of the wall and distributed evenly. And instead of leveling, a special spatula or roller is used to create a pattern or relief.
At the end it is painted or coated with a protective agent.

Features of plastering walls with cement-sand mortar with your own hands

If several layers are made and they are not uniform in thickness, then as a result, after drying, the effect of uneven staining with spots will be created.
A layer that is too thin will get wet from moisture and highlight possible unevenness in the surface of the façade.
When carrying out work at negative temperature air. There is very thin ice on the wall and, lying on top of it, when the spring warms up, the plaster will begin to move away from the walls.
And working in the heat can lead to very rapid drying of the solution and its cracking.
If you colorize the plaster yourself, then you need to prepare a solution for the entire surface. It is almost impossible to choose the exact shade yourself and there will be stains on the facade.

Those who want to save money on wall decoration cash are faced with the question of how to make decorative plaster with your own hands. It is not only fashionable, but also practically profitable.

The main advantage decorative finishing is breathability. Undeniable dignity its advantage is that it allows you to hide all the unevenness of the wall. In case of contamination, it is easy to clean. Making plaster with your own hands is very simple. By mastering several techniques for applying putty, you can achieve amazing results in the decoration of your home. The work done will satisfy any taste, decorate the room with panels and compositions made.

This type repair work is relatively cheap if you do everything with my own hands, buy only necessary materials for plaster composition.

The walls must first be thoroughly cleaned of old coating. Using a level, the evenness of the base is determined. If necessary, the surface is leveled by applying a layer of putty. After drying, it is primed. Now you can start applying the plaster.

Mixtures for decorative works You can buy it in the form of a ready-made solution in the store. But it is best to use a self-made composition of dry putty. You can use gypsum mixture, PVA glue. The composition should be diluted at the rate of 200 g of glue per 6 kg of gypsum with water in an amount of 2 liters.

A mixture for plaster is a pasty mass made up of a base and various fillers. For the first, use regular dry putty. It is cheaper, and based on it you can independently prepare the desired composition. This method is justified by its cost-effectiveness. Dry putty is diluted in a container with water and work begins.

Types of decorative plaster

Depending on the effect that will be obtained after plastering and the components used when mixing the composition, the following types of plaster are distinguished:

structural (with additions);
textured (to obtain a smooth coating);
Venetian (to create antique effects).
flock plaster

Structural plaster

Structural plaster is made on the basis of a cement-lime composition (mineral base) and synthetic latexes with the addition of granular elements:

pebbles;
granules;
wood fiber.

For interior decoration It is more convenient to use water-based structural plaster. Its distinctive feature is that it is more hygienic and leaves no odor. The plasticity of the composition makes the process of applying such plaster convenient. It is sold ready-made, it does not need to be diluted, the consistency has the necessary concentration. It is not necessary to thoroughly level the walls for structural plaster, because it will hide all its defects after application to the surface. The main condition is that it is dry and clean. Before plastering work, be sure to prime the wall and dry it. After this, you need to apply the composition with a spatula to the surface in a thin layer. After 3 days the plaster will dry, but final hardening will be achieved only after a week. Therefore, during this time you need to be careful not to damage the plaster.

Textured plaster

With the help of textured plaster, it is possible to create a relief surface of the wall with an imitation of some material: burnt paper, wood, stone. Certain techniques for applying the composition are used. The basis of the plaster is a lime mixture. Wood fibers, granite, marble, and quartz chips are added as fillers. Using polymer materials as a base allows you to create a more stable relief coating that will not crack. How to make textured plaster with your own hands?

Before applying the coating, the wall surface should be prepared. To do this, it is primed and a layer of paint and sand is applied to better bond the plaster to the base. Then a thin layer is applied with a spatula. Depending on the intended pattern, the number of layers may be greater. It should be noted that the more layers, the thinner the thickness of the coating. You can buy the putty mixture ready-made in the store, but it’s better to make it yourself. Dry putty powder must be diluted with water and mixed. You can immediately add paint to the solution to obtain color in a ratio of 1:10, or after applying the plaster, you can apply a layer of paint with a brush, roller or sponge. The second option is preferable to achieve the effect of uneven coloring.

If a composition with filler is used for plastering, it should be noted that the larger the grains of the filler, the more putty composition is required for the job. It depends on what kind of drawing will be done. Rough terrain requires the choice of coarse filler.

Texture decorative surface can be given various instruments. A striped texture can be created with a brush or spatula. Here you can show your imagination by making movements on the surface. To repeat the design, it is convenient to use a stamp or applicator. If, after applying the plaster, you rub it with a plastic trowel, you can achieve effects such as “rain”, “lamb”, “carpet”.

“Rain” is formed when moving up and down. By changing the angle of inclination diagonally, you can get slanting rain. “Lamb” is performed with circular movements, during which circular grooves are formed, reminiscent of lamb’s wool. The “carpet” comes out after alternating transverse and longitudinal movements.

Before painting, let the plaster dry for 24 hours. Apply a layer of paint to the dry coating layer with a brush or roller. The advantage of this method over tinting is that after this operation the surface can be leveled sandpaper

To give the surface the effect of dark grooves, you must first go over the wall with a layer of darker paint and let it dry. And then apply a light layer of paint on top with a semi-dry roller. You will get spectacular dark grooves.

In order to fix the color and prevent the surface from staining clothes, you need to cover the plaster with a layer of varnish.

Venetian plaster

Venetian plaster allows you to create the effect of marble stone using a transparent composition made from marble flour. It is made on the basis of lime and water emulsion. This finish requires a perfectly flat wall surface. But the effect of creation marble mosaic exceeds all expectations. The marble surface made in this way is distinguished by its beautiful appearance, water resistance, and wear resistance.

How to make decorative plaster yourself so that it looks like marble? To do this, you need to clean the wall surface, level it, and apply a special primer. Add the desired color to the plaster mass, stir and apply with a spatula to the surface in several thin layers. Sand the dried surface using sandpaper in a circular motion. Clean off small particles with a dry cloth. Apply a layer of wax on top with a damp sponge. It needs to be rubbed until it appears Smooth surface. This is a labor-intensive process that requires patience and care to avoid erasing the design.

Flock - plaster

The method involves creating a surface with the effect of velor, leather, wood, stone by spraying small particles. Initially the wall is painted. After the paint has dried, a layer of glue is applied with a roller. And while the glue is not dry, you need to apply the particles to the wall using a sprayer. The operation is carried out in pairs with a partner: one applies glue, the second sprays particles with slow circular movements. Excess should be removed with a brush after drying. Finally, the surface is treated with varnish.

The simplest and available tools To create drawings, use a spatula, roller, brushes, stencil, or ordinary cellophane. The stripes are created with a notched trowel.

With the help of a roller, the effect of fluffy velor is created; to do this, just go over the roller once. How to make plaster to get unusual effects? To do this, you can use a variety of available items.

Unusual colorful effects are obtained by rubbing cellophane. You can create an unusual design using a sponge. You need to apply diligence and maximum imagination to get beautiful decorative plaster.

The final step for all types of plaster is to apply the paint with a brush or roller and coat it with varnish so that the surface is reliably protected and the paint lasts longer. Wall covering decorative plaster- not as complicated a process as it seems. You just need to know the sequence of work. And to create beautiful walls It is not at all necessary to call the masters. After studying the training material, you can cope with this task on your own. Each master creates a unique look for the room. Do-it-yourself decorative plaster in the interior gives freedom of creative imagination and maximum conditions for implementing a wide variety of ideas. There is a large selection of materials for plastering work.

If the question arises about finishing the walls, we can say with confidence: the renovation is close to completion. But it’s too early to relax, because this is one of the most important stages, especially if the finishing is done with your own hands. And here the question is not so much a technical one, but an aesthetic one! There are an infinite number of options, and everyone strives to be original in this matter, trying to embody their own ideas. Fortunately, today there is a wide selection of materials that allow you to realize the most daring ideas.

Decorative plaster from ordinary putty, made with your own hands, can give the walls the most original look.

Plaster and putty as finishing materials

In general, plaster is a rough, coarse-grained material intended for the primary cladding of walls, but decorative plaster has practically nothing in common with this and can easily be prepared from ordinary putty. Putty, in turn, is exactly the material that is used to level walls and hide minor defects. There are two types of putty:

Starter - eliminates cracks, scratches and other small surface defects.

Finishing - allows you to make surfaces absolutely smooth. Prepares walls for painting, wallpapering, etc.

Decorative plaster is often created using finishing putty. This coating looks very impressive and allows you not to resort to the expensive services of specialists in order to get rid of various defects. Decorative coating perfectly masks all roughness.

Preparing for decoration

So, if you combine patience, diligence and your imagination, then decorative plaster made from ordinary putty with your own hands will turn the walls into a work of design art.

Before starting work, you need to make sure that everything is prepared. Namely:

Materials for preparing decorative plaster;

Tools required to perform the work;

The surface of the walls is prepared (leveled);

Paint, if you wish, to give your creation color.

Tools and textured rollers can be purchased in specialized stores, or you can use improvised means, remove the old coating of the existing roller and cover it with foam rubber with large pores, or make random holes in ordinary foam rubber. An interesting result can be achieved using a regular sponge, brush, polyethylene, but first things first.

Before starting finishing work, you should decide not only what you want to do, but also how to do it. Decorative putty plaster has recently been often used to implement the most daring ideas, but without certain skills it will be quite difficult. But if difficulties do not frighten you, you can safely get down to business.

Mark the leveled and cleaned surface, and paste over the boundaries of the sections gradually, section by section.

Prepare the mixture:

Putty, dry mixture;

Grout for joints;

Primer (white).

Mix the putty and primer so that the composition is the consistency of sour cream. If desired, you can add paint of the desired shade to this mixture. In order not to be mistaken with the thickness, you can first apply the composition to a small piece of drywall. If the mixture does not spread and is not very hard, we can assume that decorative plaster made from ordinary putty, made by yourself, is ready for application. There is nothing complicated, as you can see.

There is also a recipe that can be used to prepare decorative plaster from gypsum putty:

6 kg of gypsum mixture (dry);

2 liters of water;

0.2 liters of PVA glue.

Pour the gypsum mixture into the water and mix using a construction mixer until smooth, then add glue and mix again. The mixture should be homogeneous and thick. To slightly change the consistency, if necessary, you can either dilute the mixture with water or add dry plaster.

Important! The gypsum putty composition must be used within 20-30 minutes. Therefore, it is worth considering your capabilities and how much solution you need to prepare at a time.

How to make decorative plaster from ordinary putty

Unfortunately, it will not be possible to create complex textures and patterns on your own, without proper preparation, but anyone can reproduce simple reliefs, despite the fact that they look no less impressive and original. Decorative putty will help with this; a solution is prepared from usually putty and applied to a section of the wall in a layer of no more than 10 mm. Then you need to give the mixture a little time to set and begin applying patterns.

Venetian decorative plaster

From ordinary putty, prepare a solution with your own hands that can imitate valuable species natural stones. And the walls, decorated with “Venetian”, will look unforgettably beautiful, in the spirit of the Middle Ages.

Classic Venetian plaster is a mixture of sand from natural stones (quartz, marble, malachite) and slaked lime with the addition of dyes.

You can take the prepared dry mixture and add it to a container of water according to the manufacturer's instructions. Using a construction mixer, mix the mixture thoroughly. The solution should have the consistency of sour cream.

The application process is shown in the photo below.

Venetian plaster can only be used on perfectly smooth, dry and clean surfaces.

Take the putty in small portions and make strokes using a spatula. Strokes can be made wide or small, you can imitate any material or create a repeating pattern. Having finished the first layer, let it dry thoroughly, then move on to the next one. The first layer is made continuous, the subsequent finishing layers are applied with a flexible spatula. The layers are lightly rubbed to avoid unevenness.

The next stage of decor creation is sanding. The main thing here is not to overdo it and smooth out only sharp protrusions so as not to damage the structure. For this purpose, use a coarse sandpaper or mesh.

Then the surface can be painted. This is an important stage in creating a Venetian wall decoration. The paint is applied in layers, and subsequent layers should differ in saturation from the first. Paint is applied quickly small areas. You should try to remove some of the color from the convex areas.

The finishing touch can be coating the walls with acrylic varnish or adding a gilding effect. But you can leave everything as it is, it’s a matter of taste.

Creating Venetian plaster is not an easy task and has many nuances, but with due diligence it is within everyone’s control.

Patterns, embossing, roller textures

To create beautiful patterns, embossing, and textures, decorative plaster made from ordinary putty is also used. A roller covered with large-pore foam rubber or steel mesh is used to treat the surface of the applied plaster. Here you can show your imagination: use different rollers, combine directions of movement, use textured rollers. You can make a textured roller yourself using:

A clothesline or cord that should be wound around the roller. Whether it is an even winding or with many overlaps is up to the designer to decide.

Trowel decor

You can also achieve an interesting design using a trowel. The first layer is applied, and then the solution is gradually distributed over the trowel and transferred to the base. The movements of the trowel will create an unusual surface.

Another pattern using a trowel can be obtained by simply applying it to different places and pressing a little. The randomness of these movements will provide a unique pattern of the walls.

Bark beetle

I use wooden or plastic tool, you can recreate on your own a common type of finish called bark beetle and resembles wood eaten away by insects.

To do this, you need to apply the composition to the surface of the wall and give it some time to set. Then they take the tool and perform horizontal, vertical or circular movements.

Patterns with a sponge and washcloth

Decorative plaster will decorate the walls in the most original way. You can create a grainy texture with your own hands from ordinary putty and a sponge. To do this, you just need to walk the sponge over the entire surface, lightly pressing it against the wall.

Hatching

You can decorate the walls with a metal comb, “combing” the freshly applied plaster in different directions. You can get interesting “braided” patterns. The directions of movement can be wavy, circular, semicircular, or crosswise. The putty is allowed to dry and cleaned with a rag to get rid of small particles not associated with the surface. Decorative plaster applied in this way, made with your own hands from ordinary putty, allows you to obtain patterns that are unlike any other.

Snowball

The technique is very similar to the creation of Venetian plaster. But contrasting colors are used. The darker one is placed as the first layer. A light colors sprays are made. To simulate snowfall, it is best to make the top layers white.

Silk

Another simple way to create a decorative surface. Using plastic film, you can get a pattern that resembles compressed silk. So:

First, apply putty to the surface in an even layer approximately 2 mm thick.

Immediately after application, a plastic film is applied to the putty area (this “canvas” does not need to be smoothed; the more folds are formed, the more interesting the texture will be).

Having covered approximately a third of the surface, they begin to tighten the folds, slightly twisting them, so that new patterns will form on the putty (repeat the action until the entire wall is covered).

After 12-15 hours, remove the film. After this, let the walls dry for some time.

After complete drying, the surface is lightly cleaned, removing loose parts and smoothing out strongly protruding areas.

The next stage of work is painting the surface. Paint is applied with a roller or sponge. Use a damp, clean sponge to remove some of the color. To remove large accumulations of paint in the corners, use a spatula wrapped in a clean rag to rub them off. The finished surface is allowed to dry. Then, to enhance the “silk” effect, pearlescent paint is applied.

Pattern and Texture Ideas

Having a good imagination and certain skills, you can create the most original patterns; decorative plaster made from ordinary putty is a very beneficial material in terms of creating new textures. Photos, videos, instructions will help you cope with any difficulties. The main ways to create original textures are given in the article, but there are many variations.

Conclusion

It’s safe to say that with patience and a good imagination, you can decorate the walls yourself, minimizing material costs for repairs. You can create and implement any ideas on the surface of the walls. If you have the talent of an artist, then using decorative plaster, created with your own hands from putty, will even allow you to reproduce paintings. Of course, to implement the most ambitious ideas, it is better to turn to professional finishers. But if you still decide to decorate the surfaces yourself, and you don’t have much experience in this matter, you should practice on a small piece of drywall and then feel free to start working on the main decor.

In the last few years, one of the most popular finishing materials has been decorative plasters. Modern construction market offers the buyer a huge amount various options of this material. They differ in composition, service life, appearance coverings and so on, but they have one common feature- high price. If your renovation budget is limited, but you want to create a truly original interior, you can try making decorative plaster yourself. On this moment There are three main groups of decorative plasters.

Despite the different names, the composition of this type of decorative plaster remains virtually unchanged. It can be based on gypsum, cement, lime or combinations thereof. The filler can be yellow river sand, flour or crumbs from various types natural stones, for example, marble, granite, quartz and so on. Optionally, polymer additives are added to the mixture to increase viscosity, antiseptic and moisture-resistant components.

The structure of the surface after drying directly depends on the type, quality and fraction of the filler. For example, the most common structural bark beetle plaster may contain grains with a diameter of 1.5 to 5 mm. Several dispersed materials with different sizes are added to the “lamb” mixture.

Important! In any plaster mixture, the filler content should not exceed 70% of the total mass of the solution. Otherwise, the material will turn out to be too loose, and the coating will not meet modern technical standards.

Making your own gypsum plaster

Gypsum decorative plaster is used most often. It dries quickly, is easy to apply and level. There are two main options for its preparation:

Simple. It consists of dry gypsum flour and lime dough. These materials are mixed in proportions 1:3 and then diluted with water. The liquid must be poured gradually until the consistency of the solution resembles thick sour cream. At the end, color is added if necessary.
With the addition of silicate material. The basis of the material is the same as in the first version, but additionally add liquid glass. First, mix the basic materials in proportions of 1:3.5, then add silicate (about 5% of the mixture weight) and dilute with water.

In order for gypsum plaster to be plastic, all proportions must be strictly observed.

On a note! If you decided to make the mixture “from scratch,” you will have to make the lime dough yourself. To do this, slaked lime and water are mixed in proportions of 3:1, after which the container with the solution is covered and left to infuse for a day.

Gypsum mixtures are suitable for finishing work only in dry rooms; you can decorate both walls and ceilings.

Cement-sand mixture

A cheaper and more durable material is cement-sand mortar. To prepare it, cement, sand and slaked lime are mixed in proportions 1:2:1, after which they add silicate material(5% of the total mass). At the end the mixture is diluted with water. The consistency should be such that it is convenient to scoop the material onto a spatula, but not too liquid, it should not drain from the surface.

Cement-sand mixture quite easy to make yourself

The very last step in preparation structural plasters is the addition of stone chips. Let us remind you that its content should not exceed 70%.

If the question arises of how to make decorative plaster quickly and inexpensively, then the most simple option There will be a purchase of a ready-made mixture, without natural stone additives, and a separate filler. Even if a ready-made mixture is purchased, the cost will still be lower than a structural composition with filler already included in it. To prepare a mixture of such components, you just need to add flour or crumbs to the mixture and dilute it with water.

Textured plasters

In this case, we are talking about a material that contains fine-grained fillers, so after drying a smooth surface is formed. The plaster received this name due to the fact that before setting, various relief patterns are applied to the surface using floats, half-graters, trowels, figured spatulas, brushes and rollers. Advantage textured plasters before structural ones is that the master has the opportunity to realize his design solutions. At the same time, structural materials are easier and faster to apply.

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Cooking recipes

For wet rooms and outdoor work, use material based on cement based. To a standard bag of cement (weight 50 kg) add 10 kg of ordinary tile adhesive. After this, 0.5 kg of Rotband plasticizer is added to the mixture. Lastly, add water and mix the mixture thoroughly.

For finishing surfaces inside dry rooms, the gypsum option is better suited. To do this, you will need 6 kg of dry ready-made plaster mixture based on gypsum, 200 g of PVA glue and 2 liters of water. The manufacturing process is somewhat complicated and includes the following steps:

First of all, 1.5 liters of water are poured into the dry mixture and mixed thoroughly until a homogeneous mass is formed.
Then PVA glue is added to the remaining water and mixed as well.
At the end, you need to make a homogeneous mass from the two mixtures, its consistency should resemble thick sour cream.

Self-cooking a solution of gypsum plaster, PVA glue and water

Also, do-it-yourself decorative plaster is made on the basis of white Portland cement, grade no lower than 400. The most popular recipes for making 1 kg of such mixtures:

200 g of lime dough are mixed with 740 g of marble flour and 50 g of cement, at the end 10 g of manganese peroxide and a little water are added.
630 g of white sand, 150 g of crushed brick, 50 g of cement and 150 g of lime dough are mixed and 20 g of water are added.
180 g of marble flour, 600 g of lime sand, 80 g of cement and 120 g of lime dough are mixed and 20 g of water are added.

You should know!

If liquid plasticizers are used, their mass fraction should not exceed 1% of the total weight of the solution. Dry ones are added at the rate of 0.5 kg per 50 kg of cement.

Production of Venetian decorative plaster

Venetian decorative plaster creates an amazing print

Such plasters are classified as textured, but due to the great popularity and diversity of the material they are classified as a separate group. Before you make this type of plaster, you need to find out about its composition. It includes: Stone dust..
Marble is usually used, but to reduce manufacturing costs, fine-grained granite, quartz, malachite and other natural stones are added to it. Since after applying the plaster it is processed with a trowel, it must be uniform, so it is better to use fillers yourself small fraction
Slaked lime.
This substance acts as a binder. Ready-made mixtures in construction stores contain acrylic resins instead of classic lime, but due to their absence on the market, the first option will be considered. Dyes. Previously, plant juice was used, but now they are being replaced with synthetic substances.

Water. You can use regular

running water

, it is only important to ensure that its temperature is not lower than 10 degrees.

The classic recipe is as follows: stone dust and slaked lime are mixed in equal proportions, then water is added until a homogeneous thick mixture is formed. Optionally, dyes, antiseptic and metallizing components are added.
A special technology for applying “Venetian” requires the presence of fillers in the mixture of the finest fraction

There are two more recipes that involve the use of modern building materials:

The finishing putty and white marble flour are mixed in proportions of 10:1, after which water and color are added.

Each type of plaster requires the use of special tools and application methods, but preparatory work is mandatory for all.

Decorating walls with plaster yourself requires knowledge of how to work with the material.

Preparatory stage

Plastering walls with any type of mixture begins from this stage. To carry it out you will need the following tools and materials:

sandpaper or sanding machine;
narrow and wide spatulas;
paint brush;
plastic film and masking tape;
putty and primer.

The first step is to clean the surface from traces of corrosion, paint or wallpaper residues, and also remove all fasteners. Treat the surface with a grinding machine or sandpaper, and then remove the resulting dust with a vacuum cleaner or simply brush it off the walls. Fill the resulting potholes and cracks with putty and wait until it dries.

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To apply decorative plaster, use a wide spatula onto which the solution is scooped. Then it is applied to the walls. Such plasters take a long time to dry, so you can take your time and treat the entire surface at a time. Applying a pattern will require approximately 1.5 mm of material layer, so the thickness of the entire layer should be about 3 mm. At this stage, it is important to achieve complete coverage of the surface with the solution.

Without waiting for the material to dry, proceed to the next stage. To carry it out you will need a brush, rollers different types or trowel. Thanks to the relief patterns and irregularities on the surface of this material, texture will appear on the plaster. Which tool to choose and how to use it is a personal matter for each master. The only rule is that you cannot push the solution deeper than 1.5 mm. Otherwise, after drying, the material will not gain strength and will peel off from the walls.

A day after completion of the work, the surface is primed, painted and waxed. You will be able to touch it in about 48 hours.

Plaster such as “Venetian” is considered a false material that requires professionalism. But still, anyone can do it, the main thing is to follow the instructions below:

The prepared solution is scooped onto a wide spatula and the surface is leveled with a regular trowel.
Then they take a special tool - a Venetian trowel and treat the entire surface with it. You need to press the tool with medium force, and the movements should be chaotic.
Using the same principle, the second and third layers are applied at intervals of 8-10 hours.
After this, you need to carry out ironing. To do this, a Venetian trowel is pressed firmly against the surface to be treated and “passed” over the entire area until a metallic sheen appears (hence the name of the process).
Finally, the wall is waxed and polished with a sanding machine with a soft wheel.

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To summarize, we can say that redecorating in an apartment or house may not be that expensive. To do this you need to try to do most processes independently. Then the repairs made will bring a lot of positive emotions.

Photo gallery: decorative plaster in the interior (16 photos)

Decorative plaster compositions are the most popular material for unusual wall decoration. They allow you to truly create original interiors. The cost of such plasters is quite high. But we can easily save our repair budget if we apply them ourselves. It is not so difficult.

The main thing about decorative mixtures - what do you need to know?

Decorative plaster (DS) is a composition for finishing wall surfaces, consisting of a binder and special fillers. The first can be mineral (lime or cement) and synthetic (various resins - acrylic, polyvinyl acetate and others) components. The function of fillers is usually performed by marble or granite chips, quartz, White sand, as well as combinations of these materials. DSh with a mineral binder and coarse-grained additives are recommended for treating walls outside. But compositions based on a synthetic base and fine fillers are more suitable for interior finishing activities.

The described decorative compositions also contain pigment. It gives the mixture the required color. The pigment can also be synthetic and mineral (natural). Natural additives - indigo, ocher, cochineal, yellow lead, azurite, ground malachite, vivianite, charcoal and others, are prone to rapid burnout of the flame. In addition, compositions with natural pigments are expensive. For this reason, plasters with synthetic coloring additives have become more widespread.

The texture of the described coating is formed using all kinds of granules, fibers, flakes, and small gold balls. The most popular types of diaphragm among home craftsmen are considered to be:

Venetian compositions;
flock mixtures (silk effect coating);
bark beetle (walls after applying plaster become like tree bark);
coatings with rain and rock textures;
compositions with marble chips;
textured compositions to imitate stone.

DS is available in the form of dry mixtures (they are diluted with water before use) or ready-to-use without any additional steps. The effect of using both types of plaster is the same. At the same time, ready-to-use compositions are more convenient for home craftsmen who decide to decorate the walls with their own hands.

Rules for treating walls with plaster - prepare thoroughly

Before using DS for its intended purpose, you need to understand the peculiarities of working with such compositions. First of all, let's find out what tools we need. Everything is simple here. We buy a scraper, a trowel, a drill with a mixing attachment, a grater, brushes, trays, rollers, combs, and spatulas of different sizes. You may also need other tools used for finishing work.

Then we begin preparing the walls for plastering. Their surfaces must be absolutely clean, dust-free and dry. If the walls are riddled with cracks, you will have to repair all existing defects. If necessary, we knock down the protrusions on the surface to be decorated and fill the depressions with a suitable composition. After this, prime the cleaned base. This operation will protect the coating from moisture, deforming stresses, temperature changes, and strengthen the load-bearing layer.

We choose a primer taking into account what kind of decorative composition we use. We carefully read the instructions for the plaster! It indicates the recommended soil type. Several Yet important points. The primer layer should have a thickness of no more than 20 mm. It should be compacted very well. If this is not done, the uniformity of the texture of the applied paint will be disrupted. In some cases, the layer of soil must be kept on the wall for several days, periodically spraying it with water.

If the plaster will be applied to drywall, wood, plywood sheets, wood boards(chipboard, OSB), they must be treated with primers deep penetration. Such bases are prone to deformation when decorative mixtures are applied to them. Also note that most modern DLs set within a few hours. However, it takes 24–36 hours for them to dry. And complete hardening of the decorative composition is observed after 7–8 days.

How can the decorative composition be applied?

There are several options for processing DH walls. The most popular methods of applying the composition are given below:

spraying technique;
spraying;
pulling (creating a relief with a trowel).

The easiest way for craftsmen to create the required coating is by spraying. This technology is simple and straightforward. We take a suitable tool (for example, a brush or even a regular broom) in one hand. We dip it in the decorative composition. We take a stick in the second hand. We bring a broom (brush) to the surface to be treated. We hit the instrument with a stick. As a result of the impact, splashes of the decorative mixture fly onto the wall. We get a coating with sprays and flakes of different sizes. We are waiting for this layer to dry. Then we repeat the procedure described above. We apply as many layers as we need, smoothing each of them with a roller or other device.

A variation of the classic spraying technique is the so-called Italian plastering. The procedure for performing the work will be similar to that described above. But when decorating in Italian, we don’t need to wait for the previous layers to dry. The next portion of the solution is applied to a damp surface. Note! This method of decoration involves applying layers different shades. That is, if we first use blue plaster, a mixture of a different color is applied on top of it. The result is an original decor that can decorate any home.

Spraying technology is a quick and effective way to finish walls with a decorative mixture. But to implement it you need to rent or purchase special installation. DSh is poured into such equipment, and it applies plaster to the surface.

Spraying is carried out continuously. Work always starts from the top of the wall.

The spraying technique is indispensable when we use DP of different fractions and want to achieve a unique aesthetic effect. With its help, you can finish the walls in one tone, and the slopes on the windows and other architectural details in another. Nuance. Apply the composition to the main surfaces in a layer of about 3 mm, to the auxiliary surfaces - no more than 1 mm in thickness.

Plaster mortar is often applied by stretching. This is an easy way to decorate walls. It is performed using a steel grater or a regular trowel. Finishing is done strictly from bottom to top. We hold the tool in relation to the surface being processed at a 60-degree angle. After applying the composition, we form the required pattern and texture using a plastic grater.

In the next section we will look at common techniques for treating walls with decorative mixtures. With their help, we can easily make the interior of our home individual and very attractive.

Rocks and rain on the walls of the home - we’ll do it ourselves

Now let's see what techniques are used to create decorative relief surfaces using DS. There are many of them. A common option is to form the texture of the rock. This technique is ideal for beginners. The procedure is as follows:

1. We prepare the wall according to the algorithm already known to us.
2. Treat the surface with a decorative composition. Apply it in a layer of up to 3 mm using a trowel.
3. Distribute the broadband along the wall (as evenly as possible). We create the pattern we need using the same smoothing iron.

Movements with the tool can be very different - horizontal, crosswise, herringbone, vertical, and so on. We ourselves choose the appropriate relief and shape it. In the event that the planned drawing does not work out, we quickly smooth out our artwork and try to create the original rock again. Note! The smoother should be washed after processing each individual area. Otherwise, it will simply stick to the plaster.

It is a little more difficult to apply DS with rain. But this technique guarantees a more effective drawing. The technology for creating rain is as follows. We mark the walls. We draw lines on them at a certain slope. They must have the same angle of inclination. And we take the distance between them within the size of three smoothers. Apply masking tape to the lines. We begin to apply the plaster from the upper corner of the surface to be decorated in inclined strips. We fill the space limited by two masking tapes. The working tool needs to be pressed slightly against the wall.

As a result, we will get a decor that looks like a hedgehog. But we want rain. Everything here is elementary. We wash the instrument. Apply it to the plastered surface and smooth the mixture in one direction. Then, by analogy, we cover the remaining strips with the solution. When the wall has dried, we remove the remaining minor defects and irregularities from the wall using sandpaper or an abrasive mesh. At the end of the work, we admire the rain that decorated our room.

5 other techniques for creating relief images

Application of decorative plaster of different types can be carried out using other methods. Let us briefly describe the most common types of wall treatment with the compounds in question:

1. Boulders. To create such a picture, we need to apply DF to the primed surface with a trowel. And then trim it with a brush. We hold the latter in relation to the wall at an angle of 90°. If you want to get sharply defined boulders, use a hard brush. A tool with soft bristles allows you to create blurrier designs.
2. Wave. We make cuts on the wall and spray it with water. Apply the plaster in zigzag stripes. Then we smooth out the resulting waves with a spatula or grater. This technique is often used when using Venetian plaster.
3. Travertine. We collect portions of finishing tinted in specific color mixture onto a spatula. We throw them on the wall. After this, smooth the surface.
4. Broken stones. We treat the walls with plaster. We are waiting for it to harden. We drive the tongues into the coating, breaking off small pieces of it. We get stones with crevices.
5. Furrows. The technique involves the use of fry with semicircular teeth. The distance between the latter should be 1.5 cm. Be sure to sharpen the teeth before applying the DS. Apply the plaster composition to the wall. We smooth it out right away. We apply the rule to the mixture and at an angle of 45° the grinder (sharpened part). We create furrows. The type of the latter will depend on what kind of fry (with what shape of cloves we use).

You can try more complex ways applying DS. For example, shading-combing.

This technique is performed only on a fresh coating, which is processed with a metal brush. After using it, wait a day and remove loose pieces of plaster from the wall. We remove excess parts with a rag, spatula or ordinary sponge.

Apply the decorative mixture with a roller - features of the operation

Wall finishing can be done with paint roller. Although this tool is used for decoration quite rarely. It is not used when working with Venetian plaster. But for other decorative compositions (structural, textured) it is quite suitable. The finishing algorithm using a roller is as follows:

1. We repair and clean the walls. We prime them twice.
2. Prepare the solution. Pour it into a wide container.
3. Dip the roller into a bath of solution.
4. Using sliding, smooth movements, apply the composition to the wall. Be sure to leave small indentations from the ceiling, adjacent walls and floor.

We apply the plaster in strips at a time. The movement of the roller is from top to bottom. If the paint does not adhere well to the surface to be finished, moisten the painting tool with water. By pressing the roller with different forces, we obtain one or another coating structure. Her final view, in addition, depends on the speed of movement of the tool along the surface.

Choose the appropriate method and technique for applying decorative compositions and feel free to get to work. You will succeed!