Examination: Technical means of security and fire alarms. Means and systems of security and fire alarms Application of security fire alarms

The security fire alarm (OPS) is a technical complex for detecting an alarming event and generating appropriate alerts. The operation algorithm of the OPS contains several stages:

  • detection of a factor accompanying unauthorized entry into an object (security component of the system - OS) or fire - fire - PS;
  • transmission of information to the control device;
  • turning on light and sound annunciators, transferring information to the remote control.

Detectors are responsible for detection. The principle of their work is to transform the impact on their sensors. The nature of the impact can be different: physical (shock, break), acoustic, temperature, etc. Depending on this, the types of OPS detectors are distinguished.

As an example, consider the operation of a maximum thermal fire detector (IP). Its two spring-loaded contacts are connected with low-melting solder. When heated to operating temperature, the solder melts, the contacts diverge to the sides, the electrical circuit opens.

It should be noted that the output of the security fire detector is always electrical. In the simplest case, this is a threshold signal (there is a contact - there is none), more complex systems TSOs use the transmission of information in digital form. Wires (cables) or a radio channel - a wireless alarm can be used as a communication line.

The block diagram of the OPS is shown in fig. one.

  • I - detector (sensor);
  • LAN - communication line (wire or radio channel);
  • PKP - receiving control device;
  • O - annunciator;
  • BP - power supply;
  • M - additional modules.

All this is included in the mandatory composition of the system equipment.

TECHNICAL MEANS OF SECURITY FIRE ALARMS

What are detectors, sometimes they are called sensors, we have already said. The principle of operation of these means is determined by the purpose (type) of the sensor or the method of detection.

Main types of sensors burglar alarm:

  • magnetic contact;
  • acoustic (sound);
  • movement;
  • vibrating.

Fire detectors are:

  • smoke;
  • thermal;
  • flame.

As already mentioned, regardless of what the sensors react to, at the output they form an electrical signal that characterizes their state. This is analyzed by the control device. PKP is classified according to many parameters, including:

Information capacity - the number of loops (for address systems– detectors) that can be connected to the device.

Informativeness - the number and types of generated alerts. There are at least two of them: "norm" ("security") and "alarm". Modern equipment is more informative, able to determine the malfunction of sensors, their addresses (localization of the trigger zone), etc.

Annunciators include devices that generate sound, light signals depending on the state of the system. As a rule, this is necessary to control the fire alarm system from the outside of the object.

The power supply of the security fire alarm must be uninterrupted and ensure the operation of the fire alarm system when the network is turned off in standby mode for at least 24 hours. For this purpose, power supplies are equipped with batteries (batteries), have the option of automatic transition to "reserve". In addition, it is useful to monitor the state of the battery, its protection against deep discharge, as well as protection against short circuits, overloads.

It should be noted that PSUs are not always a mandatory part of the system. There are reception control devices with built-in secondary voltage sources and batteries. Wireless sensors are powered by individual batteries. Thus, with a certain configuration of the fire alarm system, a separate PSU is not required.

OPTIONAL EQUIPMENT

I must say that the listed possibilities of the OPS are not limited. This is especially true for fire alarms. When a fire is detected, ventilation should be turned off, elevators should be turned on "to lower", a warning system should be started, etc. These engineering systems are controlled by special modules, relays.

Remote signal transmission, for example, to the security console can be carried out:

  • on cable lines;
  • dedicated radio frequency channel;
  • networks of mobile operators.

For each case, appropriate interface modules, transmissions are used.

A modern security fire alarm system can work as a network system. Accordingly, interface converters, modules (boards) for matching with a PC are required.

Finally.

Treat the OPS as single system not entirely correct. From the point of view of the hardware at the level of detectors, the differences are cardinal. Guards cannot be used to detect a fire, and firefighters cannot be used to guard.

The requirements for design and installation, licensing, normative documents is also specific to each type of alarm. The perception of fire alarm systems as a universal system is determined by the approach of many years ago, when even security and fire sensors were included in one loop.

Modern control devices (panels) have settings that allow them to be used both for "security" and "fire", but they cannot be applied to one loop at the same time. This is possible for different partitions, so the control panel can act as a shared device. The same applies to light and sound annunciators, power supplies.

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The consumer market offers the buyer various alarm systems that can be used to equip a country house, cottage, apartment or provide protection for the backyard. Equipment for security and fire alarms can be purchased separately, but there are also devices that combining systems of two types - security and fire.

Technical means designed to provide owners with information indicating the state of monitored objects, save data, and convert the received alarm message into sound and light signals.

A characteristic feature of burglar and fire alarm devices is their classification, which provides for the division of detectors according to the following parameters:

  • according to their direct purpose (place of application);
  • according to the principle of operation of the device;
  • by the number of detection zones;
  • by type of controlled and protected zones;
  • by the maximum range of the detection system;
  • on constructive manufacturing;
  • according to the method of electrical supply of devices.

In addition to the classification of detectors by parameters, the fire alarm system is divided into three types, which differ from each other in the location of the sensors.

  • One-line. It controls the perimeter of the house or the perimeter of individual premises. Controls doors, windows, technical entrances.
  • Two-line. It performs all the functions of a one-line system, and also monitors the approaches to the building and the state of the territory adjacent to the site.
  • Multifaceted. Functionally combines the two previous security systems, but additionally controls individual valuable items inside the house, in the garage or workshops.

The operation of a multi-line notification system can be provided both from one and from several interconnected or independent autonomous points. Enabling and disabling the alarm of various protected objects, objects and territories can be done independently of each other.

Regarding the place of application

The choice of equipment largely depends on the place of its application. According to its purpose, OPS can be characterized by several types:

  • alarm system for the apartment;
  • alarm system for the cottage;
  • alarm system for a country house;
  • alarm system for the personal plot and territories adjacent to the house.

The owner who wishes to install an alarm for the security of the house or the territory adjacent to it must be well aware that as design becomes more complex, costs increase for the operation of security systems, as well as increasing the cost of devices.

For an apartment

To protect apartments in multi-storey residential buildings, they are mainly used one-line notification systems, which control the premises around the perimeter, including entrance doors and apartment windows.

Manufacturer-supplied equipment includes:

  • system unit;
  • remote control panel;
  • Motion Sensor;
  • bracket for mounting the sensor;
  • sensors that respond to the opening of windows and doors;
  • sensor batteries;
  • power adapter;
  • sound detector;
  • GSM antenna;
  • instruction.

Security alarms for apartments can be additionally equipped with various types of sensors that react to broken glass, the presence of smoke or gas in the room, as well as sensors that respond to vibration or flooding.

For a cottage

Security of a private cottage is carried out two-line or multi-line systems alerts. For outdoor protection of the facility, from 6 to 12 sensors and a four-zone monitoring and signal receiving device will be required.

For the protection of cottages, door magnetic contact sensors, single-frequency and two-frequency sensors that react to broken glass, as well as different kinds motion sensors. To create additional lines of protection, internal security alarm sensors are used.
To eliminate the possibility of false alarms and timely detect a real danger, when choosing equipment for protecting a cottage, special attention should be paid to outdoor sensors that do not respond to weather conditions.

In cottages protected by devices, IR motion sensors are mainly used, which are equipped with a double peer element and equipped with a built-in filter. Such a system eliminates the response to the presence of pets in the house.

For a country house

Due to the remoteness of the object of protection from the city, it may be difficult to maintenance complex engineering systems. Some owners who want to install an alarm prefer simpler but more reliable protection options, supplementing them with the necessary number of outdoor motion sensors.

Devices placed on the walls around the perimeter of the building allow you to create protected area up to 5 meters wide, which provides early detection of an intrusion attempt and helps to take necessary measures protection.

Equipment with external light annunciators, as well as external sound signals, has a deterrent effect on intruders and practically does not require maintenance. The cable passing along the walls of the building is usually hidden from prying eyes embedding into the wall by the construction method.

When protecting a country house, the use of internal sensors is possible at the request of the owner, as an additional protective line.

For plot

When choosing technical equipment, which will ensure the protection of the territory, it is necessary to take into account characteristics terrain, topography, and possible visibility restrictions.

For the protection of the site is mainly used:

  1. Vibration protection system. Reacts to the vibration of the ground from a person walking on it. This method of protection allows you to control the area up to 200 meters long. The reaction of devices to the movement of animals, the passage of vehicles, precipitation and gusts of wind at a speed of up to 20 m / s are excluded.
  2. capacitive system. It is used mainly in conditions of complex perimeters or terrain. Reacts to an intruder's touch to the top edge of the fence.
  3. Radio wave system. Reacts and issues an alarm signal when a person crosses the terrain. The system is resistant to weathering, the creation of electromagnetic interference, is not distracted by movement Vehicle and animals crossing the site.
  4. radio beam system. There are two types:
    • single-position, emits radio waves into space, informs about the appearance of an intruder by giving an alarm signal;
    • two-position, contributes to the creation of an electromagnetic barrier above the soil surface. It is impossible to cross such a protected area unnoticed.

Almost all security devices are equipped with an automatic alarm notification mode, which, in the prescribed sequence, informs users by auto-dialing their phone numbers.

What are the types of fire alarms?

OPS combines two types of systems: security and fire. Automatic fire alarms are divided into three types:

Conventional signaling system

Non-addressed OPS. A simple threshold system that uses detectors with two positions - "norm" and "fire". The system is triggered when a certain parameter exceeds a given threshold. This may be an increase in temperature or smoke levels. On the control panel, the number of the loop of security detectors is recorded, the address of the room and the number of sensors are not transmitted to the panel. It is used to protect objects and territories with a small area.

Addressable signaling system

. It is used to protect objects with medium and large sizes. The system has the ability to determine the places of entry into the protected area, as well as fire points, thanks to the address schemes and information exchange protocols built into the detectors. This type of fire alarm is usually installed in schools, kindergartens and other important social institutions.

Addressable analog signaling

Addressable analog OPS. This type of fire alarm system is characterized by high efficiency, quality and reliability. The controller constantly analyzes the information that continuously comes from the installed sensors to the main panel. Tracks fires, a sharp increase in temperature, the appearance of smoke, penetration into the territory, etc.

Intrusion and fire detection technology

The alarm system is completely dependent on monitoring sensors that respond in a timely manner to the detection of fires and penetration into the protected area. Sensors are divided into several types, which allows you to use the most various solutions when installing OPS.

According to the types of sensors, fire and security alarm systems are divided into:

  • ultrasonic;
  • acoustic;
  • vibration;
  • infrared;
  • magnetic contact;
  • light;
  • radio wave;
  • combined and other systems.

OPS can be equipped with other sensors, the variety of which is difficult to list. Among the control devices used in the system, there are gas analyzing and smoke sensors, water leakage control sensors, multi-sensor devices that analyze a fire according to four signs, etc.

Characteristic features of wired and wireless OPS

Wired signaling implies the installation of a cable on the walls of a building and, as a rule, provides in advance, before finishing. This method of protection is considered more reliable than the wireless counterpart due to the lack of incoming radio signals that can be interrupted.

In a wired alarm system, you can achieve the maximum possible range of protected areas, control not only the house and territory, but also the gate, as well as the fencing of the site around the entire perimeter.

The wireless system is easy to install. The structural elements of the devices communicate using radio waves (signals), which are tuned to the required frequency. The wireless alarm system is mainly equipped with autonomous sensors, allowing you to control the windows and doors of the house, approaches to the building on distance not exceeding 100 meters and fire safety in the area.

At the time of buying security equipment not only the features of the object are taken into account, intuition and personal experience of a person are important. In order to correctly select the equipment, it is necessary to make an accurate calculation of all the characteristics of the purchased devices, and only professionals can do this work.

To prevent unauthorized entry and identify sources of fire, fire alarm equipment is installed at the facilities, which is a whole range of special technical means. Thanks to the integration of this complex into the facility's life support system, it becomes possible to form a multifunctional network that combines access systems, fire extinguishing systems and all kinds of engineering communications. This approach allows you to automate the process of operation and protection of the object.

Functionality

When combining a fire and security alarm system, a multifunctional complex is obtained, which simultaneously protects the object from fire and detects cases of unauthorized entry.

Implementation of integration is carried out at the level of management and centralized monitoring. All systems of the complex are used centrally, but they function and are managed separately. Simply put, they are autonomous in the overall system.

The fire alarm performs the following functions:

  1. Early fire detection.
  2. Sending an alarm to the relevant services.
  3. Informing people at the facility about what happened.
  4. Ensuring safe evacuation.

Security alarm features:

  1. Prevention of unauthorized entry.
  2. Organization of an access system (employees can only enter certain areas).
  3. Fixing the place and time of penetration.
  4. Determination of the method of entry.

Fire alarm equipment

The list of fire alarm devices used depends on the functionality of the system and the tasks that will be solved with its help.

Equipment used to provide fire alarms can be divided into 5 categories:

♦Equipment enabling centralized alarm control. This category includes a central computer with the necessary software. It is with its help that automation of alarm management is carried out. The security and fire panel can be used in those cases when installation of the fire alarm system of the simplified configuration is required.

♦To monitor certain areas of the object, touch sensors are used. The essence of their work is to control certain parameters, in the event of a change in which an immediate reaction occurs. This category includes all kinds of detectors and sensors.

♦Executive equipment. Necessary to activate means of protection against fire or unauthorized entry. These devices are responsible for transmitting an alarm signal to the appropriate services and alerting people on the site of a potential hazard.

♦Cable equipment. It is used to connect all the above devices into a single complex. It is thanks to wired equipment that devices are switched, control impulses and alarms are transmitted.

Purpose of fire alarm devices

The fire system includes almost the same devices as the burglar alarm. The only difference is in the used executive devices and sensors. Below will be presented functionality each individual device.

Control panel

It is a small computer on which special software is installed. It controls the operation of each device in the system. The control panel allows you to configure the system and manage its operation. Also, its functions include remote monitoring of the health of all connected devices.

Control panel

With the help of this special device, data from alarm sensors is collected, followed by their analysis. These modules are installed separately or are part of the control panel. In systems with a simplified configuration, the control panel can be used as a control panel.

Sensors

This category of devices includes detectors and sensors of various types that control required parameters in their area of ​​responsibility. The sensor will work only if the value of one of these parameters is out of range.

At the moment, a huge number of various sensors are presented on the market, which allow people to be warned of danger in a timely manner and, using the receiving and control module, send the corresponding signal to the control panel.

There are several types of sensors used in automatic fire alarms:

  1. Smoke detectors. Evaluate the smoke content of the room that occurs in the event of a fire.
  2. Thermal sensors. Capture changes in ambient temperature due to fire.
  3. Flame sensors. They give a signal when an open fire is detected.
  4. Gas sensors. They are triggered in the event of a change in the concentration of a certain gas in the composition of the air.
  5. Hand sensors. Used by facility personnel to turn on the fire extinguishing system when a fire is detected.
  6. multisensor sensors. Their peculiarity lies in the fact that they are able to analyze 4 signs of a fire at once.

All sensors used in fire alarm systems differ in their operating parameters (response speed, sensitivity, etc.). The sensor model should be chosen based on the tasks that need to be solved at the facility.

Types of sensors used in burglar alarm systems:

  1. Motion sensors. Determine the presence of movement in a certain area.
  2. Sensors for opening windows and doors. Allows you to detect cases of opening windows or doors.
  3. vibration sensors. They will give a signal if attempts are made to collapse structural elements object, including walls.
  4. acoustic sensors. Activated when glass is broken.

Also, security systems can be equipped with devices that control the parameters of the object's environment. These include sensors for monitoring the leakage of water, gas, increasing humidity and temperature.

Installation of equipment

It is very important to correctly install the alarm. The degree of protection of the object depends on this. To achieve the maximum level of protection, it is necessary to develop a configuration and plan for the security and fire system before starting the installation of equipment.

On the this stage calculation is being carried out required amount detectors and determine their installation locations. The engineer needs to take into account the response speed of the sensors, their sensitivity and coverage area.

The sensors must be installed in such a way as to overlap each other's sensitive areas. This approach will eliminate the presence of "blind" zones. Simply put, absolutely the entire protected area should be under control. It is also very important to avoid exposing the sensors to external factors, which include thermal and ultraviolet radiation, as well as all kinds of mechanical loads.

Wired lines are used to interconnect fire and security alarm devices. Wireless devices are used to facilitate the installation process of the system. In this case, the signal to the central panel from the sensors will be transmitted not by wire, but by radio channels.

Upon completion of the installation, it is necessary to make sure that all sensors, control equipment and the central panel are operational.

Training video for alarm installation.

Conclusion

If you want your security and fire-fighting complex to work properly for many years and perform the functions assigned to it, then the installation of equipment should be entrusted to qualified specialists.

Today, many companies provide their services for the preparation and implementation of fire and security alarm projects. Some of them are additionally involved in the sale of the necessary equipment, as well as the maintenance and configuration of systems. Choose the right one necessary equipment and only a professional can perform its installation accurately. Fire and burglar alarms are the key to the safety of life and material values ​​of a person.

This market is expected to grow in terms of double digit percent - especially in everything related to the installation of addressable devices and wireless systems.

The source of renewable income in the security industry, in fact, its "cash cow", is console security, as well as technical means that are supplied to customers to ensure it.

“We just fell in love with subscription revenue,” says Wayne Beck, CEO of A-Com Protection Services Inc., of Columbus, Georgia. with the fact that renewable incomes can only be expected if full control over costs. We had to change the paradigm. If it didn't, we wouldn't be able to stay in business. Believe it or not, we are now making money by guarding the residential sector."

Beck expanded the security system hardware offering to customers while raising the price of the basic user kit to $400 and lowering the price of a monthly subscription to monitoring services by $10. At the same time, the decrease in the actual price amounted to $2, and the remaining $8 were freed up due to the abolition of the monthly system maintenance fee. This strategy contributed 20% to the growth of his business.

"We felt that it was necessary to demonstrate to the client that if he buys systems from our competitors, then at lower one-time costs he will pay a higher monthly fee, and with us - on the contrary; over a long period of time, his total monitoring costs will be significantly below -- and we've made that our marketing philosophy," explains Beck.

Ronald Petrarca, Director of Operations, Licensing and Compliance Administrator, Electronix Systems C.S.A. Inc. from Huntington Station, pc. New York, believes that the console security industry "punished" itself with a price crisis. "Competition has taken its toll on this business as the rise in the supply of 'lightweight' and free-to-install systems has resulted in some customers becoming more comfortable with low-budget security systems," he says.

Thomas Patterson, Chairman of the Board of Directors and CEO of Kimberlite Corporation of Fresno, pc. California reported that its sales are successful. “Over the past three years, we've been really pushing our limits, increasing sales by a quarter in a year,” he says. is going well."

"If the growth trend in the video surveillance sector continues, it could hurt our bottom line because the competition in this market segment is too intense -- it's hard to compete with the Internet," he admits.

Patterson is optimistic about the prospects for the fire alarm business. “For companies that have taken care to put together a team of professionals, the opportunities for working in the field of fire alarms are simply huge,” he says. “The commercial market is still under heavy construction, and the old generation players are still in some confusion, and that's good for people like us."

"Over the past few years, we have created a separate division that works on a fire-fighting profile, and gathered professionals in it fire brigade“And so we are in a very good position to do business in this area as well,” emphasizes Patterson.

John Doyle Jr., CEO of Doyle Security Systems Inc. from Rochester, pc. New York, reports a 15% increase in sales of intruder alarm systems over the past year. He talks about clients who travel frequently and therefore are absent from their place of residence, as well as those who own a second house or apartment, sometimes empty.

Drew Chernoy, Finance and Business Development Officer at Scarsdale Security Systems Inc. from Scarsdale, pc. New York, concludes that the need for customers to inquire about the state of their homes in their own absence has helped grow his company's business. But he also acknowledges the fact that clients who want to buy the cheapest possible solution do not come across very often in his practice.

"If the client wants to install the system for free, then he will find those who will be able to do it," believes Chernoy. understand that their money is well spent and appreciate our attentive service and support."

The firm's participation in the Discovery Channel reality show To Catch a Thief also contributed to the company's efforts to market its services. "It looks like this little 'flare' has paid off," says Chernoy.

Wayne Warzager, President of New York Merchants Protective Co. Inc. from Freeport, pc. New York, reports a 30% increase in sales of fire alarm systems by his company. He explains this by the fact that the municipalities have become more stringent to control the implementation of norms that had previously remained only written on paper - and therefore a tangible scope of work has appeared.

"The systems in demand today are somewhat broader in scope than in previous years," Varsager explains. "Municipalities are now more aware of what properties new facilities should have, and are demanding this more and more."

Producers show optimism

Those involved in the sale and distribution of fire and security alarm systems, as well as security monitoring, are generally optimistic in their forecasts for 2007.

"The commercial and residential fire alarm markets are set to grow strongly," said Richard Roberts, Senior Product Manager, Security Products Division, System Sensor in St. Charles, Illinois. fire safety".

Innovation also contributes to the growth of his company's business, which supplies public address devices and peripherals worldwide. "We're constantly bringing new products to market and improving existing models," says Roberts. "That's a real source of strength for our company."

Roberts predicts a fairly strong sales growth rate of close to 10% for the fire alarm market in 2007. "This trend has been observed over the past two or three years," he says.

Among those who also have an optimistic outlook for the market in 2007 are Rick Falbo, internal sales manager at Summit System Technologies Inc. from Toronto. "We still feel, based on our internal forecasts, that 2007 will be a good year," says Falbo. "We think the construction and renovation markets are solid in most areas."

"Here is concentrated the bulk of the country's potential," he emphasizes. "And in other areas, even if they do not shine with super-successes, everything seems to be relatively strong. If we take into account the totality of these forecasts, the year seems to be very successful."

Bill Jackson, President of Digital Monitoring Products Inc. (DMP) from Springfield, pc. Montana is reporting double-digit growth, especially in wireless technology and high-end network addressable security consoles.

More restrained in his forecasts, Jim Paulson, general product manager of the intrusion alarm group at GE Security in Bradenton, pc. Florida.

"In general, the market is alive, but the competition is too intense, - says Paulson. - It requires a lot of effort from each player, because the fight is for the same "piece of the pie."

"Manufacturers haven't yet developed products that expand the market or business offerings that put us on the path to growth," says Paulson. ways to expand the pie for yourself and your clients, and that's not easy."

Operators of centralized console stations report a significant increase in service volumes and expect further growth in 2007.

"We make sure that best dealers with sounder business plans and adequate funding are growing faster than in the previous five years, says Russell McDonnell, chairman of the board of Rapid Response in Cyracuse, NY. New York. “From our point of view, this year is one of the best in these five years.”

Scott Sturges, director of product marketing for fire and intrusion systems, Melville, ADI distributor. New York, talking about record growth. "In 2006, ADI set a record for sales of security and fire products," he says. "Our sales numbers have been growing very well over the past 24 months."

However, as Sturges warns, a strong start in January this year is not necessarily an indicator of future success. "It's difficult to predict what will happen next," he admits. this year."

He is equally cautious about the prospects for the burglar alarm market, although he is convinced that fire alarm distribution will do well because commercial construction has held its ground and budget spending in this category is still high.

“As far as burglar alarms are concerned, here I am somewhat less optimistic, since the advantages of the market housing construction noticeably weakened,” he warns. "There are a number of signs in the state of this market that could negatively impact the US intruder alarm business."

Competition

Beck believes that competition between burglar alarm companies has remained at the same level as in previous years. “We are seeing more and more companies wanting to do this business,” he says. “I also own a telephone company, and we are something of an integrator in this area. in the field of burglar alarms, this is almost never observed.

Petrarch agrees that you often have to face competition from companies that don't even work in the security field. "Alarm signaling is no longer only made by manufacturers of network and telephone equipment; it has also reached the manufacturers of audio equipment," he complains. "Oil companies have been doing this for a number of years."

Doyle is faced with the challenge of finding qualified contractors for his contracts. "In many cases, their shortage increases either the cost or the time required to complete the work," he notes.

Beck is also trying to raise the level of customer service. “We aim to provide the customer with the service they want, not what we think they want,” says Beck. Problems..."

"I've been in this business for 34 years and I still get calls from clients sometimes with complaints," he admits. so I'll be aware. If you talk to him about it first, you'll take responsibility for making sure the client is taken care of properly."

One of Patterson's preoccupations is the staffing of his company's central console. "Our central security station in Fresno, Calif., helped local police catch 552 burglars in the act of robbing or damaging our client's secure properties during 2006," he says. "There were 576 arrests in 2005. A After all, we have only 6,900 security systems in service."

“We can’t get enough of our central station, seeing it as the main key to our success,” proclaims Patterson. “Because, you know, we have to constantly hire employees, train them and improve the skills of the station staff in order to improve communication with customers to a new level of quality. It's never easy, and we're just happy to have a first-class team and brilliant management at our station."

What products are profitable?

Roberts cites as one of the reasons why his company sees certain prospects for its growth, the stringent legal requirements for installation in residential and industrial facilities fire alarm systems, as well as systems for determining the concentration of carbon monoxide in the air.

"We're all seeing this market grow," he says of carbon monoxide detectors. In recent years, the legislation obliging to apply them has been constantly tightened. He also lists addressable and wireless smoke detectors among the products that are growing in sales.

“It is expected that their sales growth rate could approach 20%, while sales of conventional wired smoke detectors will remain at about the same level,” he says. “This is primarily due to the fact that addressable and wireless smoke detectors provide a wider range of options than wired detector systems."

Falbo's company, Summit System Technologies, was formed in January 2006 by parent company Mircom Technologies Ltd. from Vaughan, Ontario, Canada. This was in response to the growth she noted in sales of addressable fire alarm panels.

“We are seeing this trend: installers prefer to lay new lines for addressable signaling devices instead of existing wire piping. And addressable systems are being installed not only on large, but also on small objects, as well as in reconstructed buildings,” emphasizes Falbo. Legislative requirements are becoming more and more stringent, which in practice gives green light implementation of address systems as they are more user friendly, especially in an emergency."

Paulson is also enthusiastic. “Our fire systems sector is growing in double digits, three times the market as a whole, and is driven by our channel partners and our product platform features,” he notes. of our security systems are approaching the 10% mark."

“Our fire alarm sales channel has grown slightly faster than the security dealer channel, so I would say that the engineering systems integration channel has grown slightly above the 10% mark, while the security dealer channel has not reached that threshold. " continues Paulson.

Paulson's earnings performance is also good, but he himself continues to see this as a problem area. "We must continue to invest in new product development and seek opportunities to formulate unique offers services without precedent in today's market -- and we're already working on some of that," he says.

He is also concerned about the problems that some dealers and integrators face. "Some can't grow because they can't find enough installers," says Paulson. more active implementation of wireless systems.

New products from the Amityville, Napco Security group of companies. New York, are designed to simplify the installation procedure. "Sales of old-style wired systems appear to be slowly declining, being replaced by newer, easier-to-install systems. hybrid systems that require less skilled labor to install,” said Judy Jones, group vice president of marketing. "Our dealers' need to limit labor costs led us to make these changes, and we responded by adjusting to changes in their labor cost structure."

Industry issues

Jackson attributes growth opportunities to several vertical markets. "Our product continues to appeal to financial institutions because it enables them to operate in their familiar network environment," he notes. retail also remains very promising, and our sales figures in it are growing year by year. The federal government provides a lot of options, and we have remotes specifically designed to meet government requirements."

Among the trends noted by Rod Garner, president of Mountain Alarm in Ogden, pc. Utah, includes the development of wireless technology.

“The success of the summer marketing programs has changed the way investment capital sees the industry,” he says. “The depreciation of assets and a steady positive result will tell the whole story of this relationship model. As an old-school representative, I believe that and new model will be badly bitten by depreciation, but the smart money will find quality operators on its own to strike a good balance between growth performance and things like asset depreciation."

Sales of new equipment by Electronix Systems continue, Petrarch says, to compete with obsolete but surviving systems. He sees the problem in the fact that Internet telephony continues to develop.

"Fewer customers are installing landline phone lines," he points out, adding that as monitoring services over analog cellular links are fading from the market, "radio and Internet based systems are selling well."

Warzager is already gearing up to deal with the challenges posed by the decommissioning of AMPS analog cellular networks and the rise of Internet telephony.

"It basically interferes with the signaling process," Warzager says of Internet telephony. "Telephony without our knowledge. The fact is that it takes a little longer to reconfigure the system to use VoIP services than a normal support call - and therefore this affects our company in a certain way."

Melissa Brankman, director of customer service for Custom Alarm in Rochester, NY. Minnesota is seeing a significant increase in the number of homeowners moving from traditional land lines to using the Internet or cable connections, but sees this as a downside.

“There is a strong push for full home automation and all-in-one solutions – especially in new builds,” she notes. “But for a security system, this is not always the best option. services in the same hands, forgets about the adage against "putting all your eggs in one basket".

Future

New products create new markets for Doyle. "Customers are also interested in our ability to secure their homes with water leakage sensors, airborne carbon monoxide monitors and temperature sensors," he says.

Beck is optimistic about the industry's outlook. “I think that everything is in order with the future,” he says. “We just have to make sure that our professionalism is preserved and even increased and that we keep the interests of the client in sight. about our own considerations about what exactly we should sell, not noticing that customers may want to purchase something completely different.

The need for emergency calls is expected to increase

The potential for rising demand for monitoring services, optimistically noted by Scott Sturges, director of marketing for fire and intruder products at ADI in Melville, PA. New York, consists in the development of personal emergency response systems (PERS).

"I think one of the somewhat ahead of its time technologies that we're trying to market today is personal emergency call systems (PERS)," admits Sturges. "We see significant potential for business growth in them." for the next few years."

"Many of our dealers sell PERS systems because they are fast to install, they are wireless, and they charge more than standard security and burglary systems," he says. they have client base, they can actually distribute PERS products for use in aged care. With the general aging of the American population, our dealers have a good opportunity to enter the sector of emergency paging systems."

Wayne Warzager, President of New York Merchants Protective Co. Inc. from Freeport, pc. New York agrees that PERS systems are important. "Lonely old people and social workers will want to be able to stay in their homes, and monitoring PERS systems will become a very significant business," he says.

Sturges also notes a "tremendous increase" in the use of cellular digital GSM radio systems as backups, as analog systems are scheduled to be decommissioned in February 2008.

Fire alarm (PS) is a set of technical means, the purpose of which is to detect a fire, smoke or fire and notify a person in a timely manner. Its main task is to save people's lives, minimize the damage caused and preserve property.

It may consist of the following elements:

  • Fire control panel (PPKP)- the brain of the entire system, controls the loops and sensors, turns on and off automation (fire extinguishing, smoke removal), controls annunciators and transmits signals to the control panel of a security company or a local dispatcher (for example, a security guard);
  • Various types of sensors, which can respond to factors such as smoke, open flames and heat;
  • Fire alarm loop (SHS)- this is a communication line between sensors (detectors) and the control panel. It also supplies power to the sensors;
  • Annunciator- a device designed to attract attention, there are light - strobe lamps, and sound - sirens.

According to the method of control over the loops, fire alarms are divided into the following types:

PS threshold system

It is also often referred to as traditional. The principle of operation of this type is based on a change in resistance in the loop of fire alarm systems. Sensors can only be in two physical states "norm" and "fire". In case of fixing the fire factor, the sensor changes its internal resistance and the control panel issues an alarm signal on the loop in which this sensor is installed. It is not always possible to visually determine the place of drawdown, because. in threshold systems, an average of 10-20 fire detectors are installed on one loop.

To determine the malfunction of the loop (and not the state of the sensors), an end-of-line resistor is used. It is always installed at the end of the loop. When using fire tactics "PS triggering by two detectors", to receive a signal "Attention" or "probability of fire" additional resistance is installed in each sensor. This allows the use of automatic fire extinguishing systems at the facility and the elimination of possible false alarms and damage to property. Automatic fire extinguishing starts only in case of simultaneous operation of two or more detectors.

PPKP “Granit-5”

The following FACPs can be attributed to the threshold type:

  • series "Nota", manufacturer Argus-Spectrum
  • VERS-PK, manufacturer VERS
  • devices of the "Granit" series, manufacturer NPO "Siberian Arsenal"
  • Signal-20P, Signal-20M, S2000-4, manufacturer NPB Bolid and other fire appliances.

The advantages of traditional systems include ease of installation and low cost of equipment. The most significant drawbacks are the inconvenience of maintaining a fire alarm and a high probability of false alarms (resistance can vary from many factors, sensors cannot transmit information about dust content), which can only be reduced by using a different type of fire alarm system and equipment.

Address-threshold system PS

A more advanced system capable of automatic mode periodically check the condition of the sensors. Unlike threshold signaling, the principle of operation lies in a different algorithm for polling sensors. Each detector is assigned its own unique address, which allows the control panel to distinguish them and understand the specific cause and location of the malfunction.

The Code of Rules SP5.13130 ​​allows the installation of only one address detector provided that:

  • The PS does not manage fire alarm and fire extinguishing installations or fire warning systems of the 5th type, or other equipment that, as a result of launch, may lead to material losses and reduce the safety of people;
  • the area of ​​​​the room where the fire detector is installed is not more than the area for which this type of sensor is designed (you can check it according to the passport technical documentation on him);
  • the sensor performance is monitored and in the event of a malfunction, a “fault” signal is generated;
  • It is possible to replace a faulty detector, as well as its detection by external indication.

Sensors in the address-threshold signaling may already be in several physical states - "norm", "fire", "fault", "Attention", "dustiness" and others. In this case, the sensor automatically switches to another state, which allows you to determine the location of a malfunction or fire with an accuracy of the detector.

PPKP "Dozor-1M"

The following control panels can be attributed to the addressable-threshold type of fire alarm:

  • Signal-10, manufacturer of airbag Bolid;
  • Signal-99, manufacturer PromService-99;
  • Dozor-1M, manufacturer Nita, and other fire appliances.

Address-analogue system PS

The most advanced type of fire alarm to date. It has the same functionality as the address-threshold systems, but differs in the way the signals from the sensors are processed. The decision to switch to "fire" or any other state, it is the control panel that takes it, and not the detector. This allows you to adjust the operation of the fire alarm to external factors. The control panel simultaneously monitors the status of parameters installed devices and analyzes the obtained values, which can significantly reduce the likelihood of false alarms.

In addition, such systems have an undeniable advantage - the ability to use any address line topology - tire, ring and star. For example, in the event of a break in the ring line, it will split into two independent wire loops, which will fully retain their performance. In star-type lines, special short-circuit insulators can be used, which will determine the location of a line break or short circuit.

Such systems are very convenient in maintenance, because. you can identify in real time the detectors that need to be purged or replaced.

The following control panels can be attributed to the analog addressable type of fire alarm:

  • Two-wire communication line controller S2000-KDL, manufacturer NPB Bolid;
  • A series of addressable devices "Rubezh", manufactured by Rubezh;
  • RROP 2 and RROP-I (depending on the sensors used), manufacturer Argus-Spectrum;
  • and many other devices and manufacturers.

Scheme addressable analog system fire alarm system based on PPKP S2000-KDL

When choosing a system, designers take into account all the requirements of the customer's technical specifications and pay attention to the reliability of operation, cost installation work and requirements for routine maintenance. When the reliability criterion for a simpler system starts to drop, designers move on to using a higher level.

Radio channel options are used in cases where laying cables becomes economically unprofitable. But this option requires more money for maintenance and maintenance of devices in working order due to the periodic replacement of batteries.

Classification of fire alarm systems according to GOST R 53325–2012

Types and types of fire alarm systems, as well as their classification are presented in GOST R 53325–2012 “Fire fighting equipment. Technical means of fire automatics. General technical requirements and test methods.

We have already considered address and non-address systems above. Here you can add that the first ones allow you to install non-address fire detectors through special expanders. Up to eight sensors can be connected to one address.

According to the type of information transmitted from the control panel to the sensors, they are divided into:

  • analog;
  • threshold;
  • combined.

According to the total information capacity, i.e. the total number of connected devices and loops are divided into devices:

  • small information capacity (up to 5 loops);
  • medium information capacity (from 5 to 20 loops);
  • large information capacity (more than 20 loops).

According to information content, otherwise, according to the possible number of issued notices (fire, malfunction, dustiness, etc.), they are divided into devices:

  • low information content (up to 3 notifications);
  • medium information content (from 3 to 5 notifications);
  • high information content (from 3 to 5 notifications);

In addition to these parameters, systems are classified according to:

  • Physical implementation of communication lines: radio channel, wire, combined and fiber optic;
  • By composition and functionality: without the use of funds computer science, with the use of SVT and the possibility of its use;
  • Control object. Control various installations fire extinguishing, smoke removal means, warning means and combined;
  • Expansion possibilities. Non-expandable or expandable, allowing mounting in a housing or separate connection of additional components.

Types of fire alarm systems

The main task of the warning and evacuation management system (SOUE) is the timely notification of people about a fire in order to ensure safety and prompt evacuation from smoky premises and buildings to a safe area. According to FZ-123 "Technical regulations on fire safety requirements" and SP 3.13130.2009, they are divided into five types.

The first and second type of SOUE

For most small and medium-sized objects, according to fire safety standards, it is necessary to install the first and second type of notification.

At the same time, the first type is characterized by the mandatory presence of a sound annunciator - a siren. For the second type, more “exit” light displays are added. A fire alarm should be triggered simultaneously in all premises with permanent or temporary stay of people.

Third, fourth and fifth type of SOUE

These types are for automated systems, the launch of the notification is completely assigned to automation, and the role of a person in managing the system is minimized.

For the third, fourth and fifth types of SOUE, the main method of notification is speech. Pre-designed and recorded texts are transmitted, which allow the evacuation to be carried out as efficiently as possible.

In the 3rd type additionally, “exit” light indicators are used and the order of notification is regulated - first for the service personnel, and then for all the rest according to a specially developed sequence.

In the 4th type there is a requirement for communication with the control room inside the warning zone, as well as additional light indicators for the direction of movement. Fifth type, includes everything listed in the first four, plus the requirement that there is a separation of the inclusion of light indicators for each evacuation zone is added, full automation of the management of the warning system and the organization of multiple evacuation routes from each warning zone is provided.

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