Do you know all your neighbors? Sure? Some of them are so small that you just can't see them. Insects live in almost every home. It's a fact: even if you can't see them, it almost always means that the "roommates" are just very successful in hiding. In some cases, insects in an apartment are absolutely harmless, but some of their species pose a serious danger not only to food and things, but also to the person himself. In general, get acquainted!
For thousands of years, people have sought shelter, starting with the first cave, then building shelters from tree branches and leaves, and making tents from animal skins. Time passed and were developed additional tools, mankind began to build houses from strong wood and stone, houses appeared. And always, from the very first dwelling, various insects lived next to a person. Today we see them as uninvited guests, and we prefer to live without them. But if you think about it, they were before us, and they will be after us. Here is a list of 15 little creatures that you might share your home with. They are also called synanthropes (not domesticated plants and microorganisms whose lifestyle is associated with a person and his housing, for example, cockroaches, house flies, house mice, bed bugs).
15. Spiders
Spiders are probably one of the most common creatures we share our homes with, and some of these arachnids will appear on this list more than once. In nature, there is a great variety of spiders, more than 45,000 various kinds. In general, modern spiders have settled around the world over the past 200 million years, which is mainly the reason for their wide distribution and diversity. The spider does nothing wrong in the house, sometimes it even benefits - it catches flies. Our ancestors had a huge variety of signs associated with spiders, mostly positive. They say spiders are harbingers of good things. But, probably, if you trust the signs too much, then you will completely overgrow with cobwebs.
14. Ground beetles
Just like spiders, beetles are very ancient and perfectly adapted creatures for survival. There are more than 40,000 species of ground beetles alone in the world, and these insects come to our homes without an invitation. The most common is the grain beetle. They usually cause damage to crops in the fields, but are increasingly found in ordinary apartments. The grain beetle crawls into the apartment only if it likes the living conditions. As soon as the insect enters the house, at nightfall it goes to look for food (crumbs, food left on the table, cereals). Ground beetles interfere with sleep, rustle, fall from the ceiling onto the bed or right on you. And if they have found food, then the next step will be their reproduction. So, if the grain beetle appeared in the house, you need to urgently take action.
13. Crickets
The wise cricket, who gave advice to Pinocchio, probably looked somehow different. And ordinary crickets are creepy insects, sometimes huge. A popular sign says that if a cricket is wound up in a house, then this is fortunately and well-being. But the people whom this "happiness" visited in large quantities, do not share this point of view and are looking for ways to get rid of them. About 2.3 thousand species of these insects are known in the world, of which only about 50 are found on the territory of Russia. Most of them live in subtropical and tropical countries. Our most famous species are field cricket and brownie cricket. Brownie cricket in the southern part of the country lives both in apartments and in nature. In the central and northern regions, he lives only in houses next to a person, while giving preference to old ones. warm rooms With high humidity. These insects live and breed well in warm basements flooded with water. Sometimes crickets can spoil food and even things in the apartment, just like moths. Therefore, although popular belief does not advise offending them, it is better to bring out crickets. Unless, of course, you liked the "night concerts" that crickets usually arrange.
11. Carpet Mite
Scientists have found more than 1,000 different types of house mites, and all of them cause great harm to humans, and all year round. Any carpet or carpet covering perfectly collects dust, it accumulates in its villi and even daily cleaning will not give a positive result - dust and mites will still remain there. Ticks, unlike most insects on this list, are very harmful to humans. The mites themselves are able to leave behind their waste products in the form of feces, which contain digestive enzymes, they destroy cells human body and can cause severe allergies and asthma. The harm caused by carpet mites is not limited to allergies: conjunctivitis, allergic rhinitis, atypical dermatitis, and others can develop. It's easy to deal with them - throw away all the carpets and upholstered furniture, Once and for all!
10. Dark-winged mosquito
The main harm is squeaking and disturbing sleep! Thank God, mankind has invented many ways to get rid of mosquitoes. Mosquito net, repellents and fumigators - a whole industry. Arrange fresh branches of elderberry, bird cherry, Caucasian chamomile or basil in the rooms, and place a container with tomato seedlings or geraniums in a pot under the windows and on the balcony. Mosquitoes do not like the smell of these plants, so they will want to leave your house as soon as possible. According to folk omens, these small, disgustingly buzzing bloodsuckers - mosquitoes - are capable of bringing not only absolute harm, but also benefit, predicting the weather and future events. Clouds of mosquitoes - good weather tomorrow. painful mosquito bites and especially active buzzing of bloodsuckers - to the imminent bad weather and night rain.
9 Spitter Spider
As previously mentioned, there will be more than one species of spider on this list. Spiders of this species catch prey by spraying a liquid onto it, which renders it harmless by freezing on contact into a poisonous and sticky mass. You can observe the habit of spiders to swing from side to side. They do this in order to wrap their prey. Most spiders are only capable of producing silk, but Scytodes spitting spiders are an exception. Together with silk, they release poison from their mouths, and silk strands impregnated with toxin, falling on the victim of a spider, fetter it. These spiders are not dangerous to humans, they do not weave grandiose traps, and they look unremarkable. But still, they have one feature - during the hunt, they "spit" their prey. It may sound a little harsh, but it's true. For this they got their name "spit". Spitting spiders live in both warm tropical and temperate regions, including Russia, in human homes, where it is warm.
8. Clothes moth
The moth inhabits houses and is a household pest whose caterpillars spoil fabrics by eating them and gnaw on silk upholstery of furniture. Damage to products is caused only by caterpillars, because adults are deprived of a gnawing type of mouth apparatus. At dark night time, adult moths fly to an artificial light source. According to some data, room moth caterpillars also feed on plant substances, namely grains of wheat, barley, oats, corn, flour and dry bread. The house moth is widespread worldwide, this species Lepidoptera is a serious pest in human homes. They feed on clothing, carpets, rugs and upholstery, as well as fur, wool, feathers and different products such as animal bristles used to make toothbrushes and piano fibre.
7. Woodlice
Generally speaking, wood lice are not insects (they belong to crustaceans), but they lead approximately the same lifestyle as cockroaches. When threatened, they collapse, simulating death.
In most cases, wood lice start up only in those apartments where it is constantly damp, for example, water is leaking from pipes. These insects are excellent indicators of various plumbing failures and flange depressurization. The appearance of wood lice in the apartment, first of all, should worry lovers of indoor flowers, because if measures are not taken in time and removed, the plants will die soon. First of all, these insects harm moisture-loving tropical plants that have a thin and delicate root system(orchid, fern, cactus), hitting it, so if you have just such plants, then you should fight more actively.
5. Ants
At different times of the year and different regions countries in an apartment, and even more so - in a private house - you can often meet representatives of various types of ants. Very often, ants in an apartment are random guests brought in on clothes or with things. Among them are insects. different sizes and flowers. However, the real pest in the apartment is only the so-called pharaoh ant - independent view heat-loving small ants, which in our latitudes, in addition to residential heated premises, cannot live anywhere. These red ants in the apartment are a real problem: they are numerous, they spoil food, they can carry pathogens. various diseases, and besides - with great difficulty are derived.
In one colony of domestic ants, several dozen queens and up to 350,000 workers can live. The reasons for the fact that red ants appear in an apartment, although not numerous, can be found in almost any home. That is why small red ants successfully conquer more and more new areas and are likely to appear in any apartment, even the cleanest one.
4. Silverfish (common silverfish)
You may have seen them somehow in the bathroom or toilet if you went there in the middle of the night (they quickly run away when the lights are turned on). Those thin, silvery, little things on the floor? Do you remember? They are called silverfish. Like most of the other creatures on this list, silverfish don't pose any real harm to us, they don't bite. Cases of contact did not reveal a negative impact on human health. Eat foods of plant origin containing starch or polysaccharides; but they may not eat anything for months. Their diet may include sugar, flour, glue, book binding, paper, photographs, starchy fabrics. From the storage space can be brought into the house through the purchase toilet paper or cardboard boxes paper napkins. Harmless to humans and pets and are not carriers of disease, but may damage wet paper.
Their scientific name is "common silverfish" (lat. Lepisma saccharina). It is believed that silverfish is one of the oldest living insects - its ancestors lived on Earth more than 300 million years ago, back in the Paleozoic era. Silverfish prefer damp and dark places, if the house is dry and light, then there will be no silverfish there.
3. Cockroaches
The remains of cockroaches are, along with the remains of cockroaches, the most numerous traces of insects in Paleozoic deposits. In addition, cockroaches are the earliest known Polyneoptera, possibly descending from an ancestor of the entire subcohort. They have always been and will be on Earth. More than 4600 species of cockroaches are known; especially numerous in the tropics and subtropics. On the territory of the former USSR - 55 species. IN last years popular reports of population decline certain types cockroaches in the CIS (they say they completely left the apartments in St. Petersburg and some other cities - no one was upset, but the reasons are interesting).
A number of cockroaches live in human dwellings, being synanthropes, for example, a red cockroach (Prussian), or a black cockroach. Others are brought with tropical products to temperate countries and sometimes take root in heated rooms (American cockroach). Cockroaches can damage food Leather Products, book bindings, indoor and greenhouse plants. Some cockroaches, feeding on various garbage, including feces, are carriers infectious diseases(for example, dysentery) and eggs of worms.
2. Spider-harvest
Harvest spiders building trapping webs are ubiquitous. They hang upside down on their messy, tangled, uneven web. Webs are built in dark damp niches of caves, trees and under stones, in dens abandoned by mammals, for example, in cellars and various buildings. In human homes, they like dry and warm places near windows. How dangerous are harvester spiders to humans? Suffice it to say that what poison they have, they spend exclusively on their victims, inflicting a paralyzing bite on them. Nothing more is enough for him. The main reason for declaring war on arachnids is arachnophobia. Some people do not even tolerate them visually, in others, a creature that has fallen on the body causes panic fear. The problem is so serious that psychologists are dealing with it.
1. Flycatcher
The common flycatcher, also known as the domestic centipede, is often found in private houses and cottages, and is also found in apartments. Due to its large size, repulsive appearance and high speed of movement, this insect, which suddenly appeared in the house, often terrifies the residents. But the domestic centipede is a peaceful and completely harmless insect. Usually they appear in search of food from the street or from a neighboring apartment. If centipedes can find a constant source of food in the house, then there is a high probability of their appearance in this room. Especially often centipedes are found in private homes, settling in basements, basement floors and subfloors, from where they go hunting, moving through all the rooms.
Everyone knows for sure what a mosquito looks like. The photo is shown below.
You can notice the presence of mosquitoes in the apartment in the evening. Therefore, you can worry about the means of protection in advance. It's no secret that it's best for blood-sucking mosquitoes ultrasonic repeller. An effective remedy appeared on our territory about 15 years ago, and still occupies a leading position among all products against mosquitoes in the apartment. A small box is enough to connect to the outlet and you can sleep peacefully. The squeak of mosquitoes will be heard, they will fly around the body of a sleeping person, but they will not be able to bite. Ultrasound acts on nervous system insect, it loses orientation in space, cannot find a source of food. Forced to leave the apartment through an open window or crack, or simply dies without being satisfied.
The situation is much more complicated with other blood-sucking insects. Requires resourcefulness, endurance, patience, an effective remedy.
domestic fleas
Small dark-colored insects prefer the blood of pets - cats, dogs. They often bring fleas into the house. Photos and dogs are presented below.
However, there are situations when fleas settle in an apartment, drink human blood in the absence of pets. Then a person may not be aware of their existence for a long time, and wake up in the morning with bites on the body.
handle them alcohol tinctures, aloe juice, ice, soda solution, special medicines from the bites of blood-sucking insects.
The tracks are messy. Fight fleas with general cleaning with the addition of detergent, vinegar, ammonia, lavender oil into water. As well as sprays, aerosols, concentrated solutions. In parallel with cleaning the apartment, pets and their bed.
linen lice
Louse in the house can appear absolutely unexpectedly. If earlier it was believed that they live in conditions of absolute unsanitary conditions, now the opinion has changed. For lice, the disorder in the room does not play a special role, the main thing is the presence of food. A photo of bed lice is presented below.
Insects bite in those places where blood vessels are located closer to the skin. Traces can be found on the arms, legs, back, neck, shoulders, occasionally on the stomach. Linen louse does not crawl on the head, it makes no sense to look for them there. In this it differs from the head louse. Although the rest of the behavior, lifestyle, reproduction is identical.
It is unreasonable to expect that the louse will disappear on its own. You can't starve her in your absence. Without blood, a louse can live for about a month. She then moves on to new stage- suspended animation, waiting for favorable living conditions. Thus, the fight against linen lice should be carried out immediately after its detection. With a small stage of infection of the apartment, it can be dealt with quickly. Tidy up the bed. Take off bed dress, wash at a temperature above 65 degrees Celsius, and even better boil.
The most terrible blood-sucking insect of all listed. It is quite difficult to get rid of these insects, especially if time is lost, the bugs have managed to multiply. What a bed bug looks like can be seen in the photo. Interestingly, a hungry and well-fed bug differs in both body size and shape. The insect has an elastic translucent chitinous cover. When blood enters the stomach of the bug, it increases, the color changes. A well-fed bed bug has round shape body, convex, scarlet color. A hungry insect is gray or brown in color, flat, several times smaller. A photo of a hungry and well-fed bug is presented below.
A photo of a child bitten by bedbugs is below.
Currently, there are a lot of means to combat bed bugs. The choice depends on the degree of infestation of the apartment with insects, personal preferences, financial opportunities. You can buy an inexpensive chalk "Mashenka" from bedbugs, an expensive modern microencapsulated remedy used by professionals in the fight against insects. For example, Gett, Delta Zone. Destroy bedbugs with an aerosol, concentrated solution, general cleaning. It is very important to find a nest of bedbugs and find out the reason for their appearance.
A person thinks about the presence of a hanger-on in the house only after bites on the body, which are on initial stage can be confused with allergies.
- fleas;
- ticks;
- lice;
- bedbugs.
domestic fleas
- Wash bed linen in washing machine at a temperature of 90 ° C, or better, boil.
- Iron the dried laundry with an iron, be sure to use steam.
- Pillows, duvets and mattresses should be dry-cleaned.
- If the item cannot be washed, treat it with insecticidal preparations.
Bed bug
- For the isolation of enzymes from saliva.
- For swallowing blood.
A large bug with a red and round body has recently drunk blood. Hungry - smaller, the body is flattened, grayish-brown color. He is very active, quickly climbs to the ceiling and from there falls on a sleeping person.
Bed bug diet
When deciding who to attack, the bug will first of all choose a host with delicate skin - a child, then a woman, and then a man. Place of nutrition - open areas of the body without clothing and hairline. The bug feeds every 10 days, drinking about 7 ml of blood. In search of skin areas with a blood vessel located in the penetration zone accessible to his proboscis, he can make a chain of bites, which then become inflamed. Bedbugs do not spread diseases, but for people prone to allergies, their attacks can cause Quincke's edema, anaphylactic shock.
The linen bug easily adapts to any unfavourable conditions. Carrying out etching measures in apartment buildings leads to the migration of individuals in whole colonies to a safe territory, then the bug can return to previously developed places.
- from neighbors from other apartments;
- with things brought from a business trip;
- with the purchase of things and household items in the secondary market.
Where is he hiding?
- under the mattresses of the beds
- under linoleum;
- in frames of upholstered furniture;
- under skirting boards;
- between old books;
- in household appliances;
- under the carpet;
- in old sockets;
- behind the pictures.
Ways to fight
In order for the bug not to settle in the house, it is necessary to create poor conditions for its habitat. If he accidentally gets into the apartment, he will not be able to actively breed and leave the home if:
- Regularly wipe the floors, adding vinegar, ammonia, essential oils with persistent odours.
- Bring chamomile, wormwood, mint, tansy into the house. Lay out bunches of these plants in places where insects are supposed to live.
- Treatment of the room with the use of a steam generator. Heat kills bedbug larvae and adults.
- Chemical insecticidal treatments of the premises are carried out in 2 stages, with a break of 2 weeks.
bed mite
Insect characteristics
A dust mite enters the house with the help of a person. An adult can bring it on clothes after a trip to public transport, from the barbershop. The child is from kindergarten. The tick settles on the fur of pets during walks.
Presence symptoms
- bronchial asthma;
- scabies;
- allergic rash;
- atopic dermatitis;
- sore throat;
- dry cough;
- frequent headaches.
Prevention
- Change bedding every week.
- Clean your home with disinfectant chemicals.
- Iron linen, towels, pajamas.
- Replace old pillows stuffed with feathers with new ones with a different stuffing material.
- Do not allow dust to accumulate near the bed, often carry out wet cleaning.
- Wash carpets.
- Vacuum and clean all upholstered furniture in the house.
- Carry out regular ventilation of the premises.
- Periodically take out bedding to fresh air, in winter - to frost, in summer - to places of baking in the sun's rays.
- Decorate your home with tansy and wormwood flowers, their smells repel dust mites.
They pierce the skin with a long thin trunk, penetrating into a blood vessel. Their bites form a red, inflamed track. Bed bugs can be carriers of dangerous infections.
Is bouncing blood-sucking insects. Understanding that you have been bitten by a flea is quite difficult. Since it is not always possible to catch them in bed because of their great mobility.
Fleas are carriers of such dangerous diseases as:
- Encephalitis.
- Plague.
- Brucellosis.
- Anthrax.
Flea bites are similar to bed bug bites. The only difference is that the tracks are shorter.
linen lice they are quite rare in an apartment, so staying without a person is impossible for them. Therefore, if they once fell from a person, then they will not be able to climb back. Lice bites are very different from flea bites. They are not so noticeable, but they cause severe itching. They bite the skin in the thinnest places where the blood vessels are closer to the surface.
They live both on the street and in apartments. They fly out to hunt in the evenings and at night. And although mosquitoes have a lifespan of one to two days, they can leave a lot of bites overnight. The skin after that strongly itches and turns red. The mosquito bites not only in bed, but also in any other places where a person sits without moving.
What are dangerous insects in the apartment
The danger lies in the fact that in addition to unpleasant bites and itching, they can transmit a dangerous infection to a person. After such bites, a person may develop an allergic reaction, and even anemia in children.
When fleas appear in the apartment, the problem can acquire the scope of an epidemic. Move to other rooms and apartments through sockets and slots, as well as overcome distances of 1 meter in one jump.
Bed bugs usually live in places of human rest: sofas, beds, armchairs. Their nests can also be located in baseboards near the bed. On bed linen, you can find bloody traces from individuals crushed during the night, because a person spins at night, but they do not have time to move.
Fleas live under baseboards, under the floor, under the trash can, in the accumulation of old rags. It is impossible to find them in bed during the day. They can move in the fur of pets or their carriers.
At night, the flea becomes active and can jump everywhere. First of all, the hands and feet are affected. You can find fleas by spreading white sheets around the apartment, where there will be more black dots, there will be a nest of these insects.
Bed lice live in human hair. Most often behind the ears or closer to the neck. They can bite constantly, injecting their poison into the bite site, which causes itching. Lice cannot live without a person, and fall into suspended animation.
What to do and how to get rid
Getting rid of bed bugs is quite difficult. Especially if they have already passed the stage of reproduction. For complete destruction, you need to find a nesting place for insects and carry out a general cleaning there.
The stores have many effective means. But most fast way to get rid of them is to call a special service. If you use special insecticides, then the fight against bedbugs can be completed in one day.
It is especially important to check do the neighbors have insects. Bedbugs can be fought with the help of cold, for example, if they live in a sofa, then the sofa can be taken out on a cold winter day. Bedbugs die at temperatures below 20 degrees. But this method is unreliable, since they can live under the baseboard and in other inaccessible places.
If you still decide to contact professional services, then beware of scammers. If specialists use cheap means, then the bugs may not die.
One mosquito bites several times, mostly females, since blood is for them important element vital activity.
Bites mainly appear on uncovered areas of the skin, they are very itchy and disturb the peace. The affected areas in the form of red spots, in children may swell, they last for about a day in adults and a little more in small residents.
An ultrasonic device can be used to combat blood-sucking insects, it effectively copes with the problem. It plugs into an outlet and stays on all night. Ultrasound disrupts the nervous system of the mosquito and literally drives it out of the area.
Such insects are distinguished by the fact that they harm not only during sleep, but also in other conditions, and they live indoors or fly in through the window. But there are those who can bite in bed and live there.
Fleas
Such creatures are usually brought by pets. But often they live at home and bite a person. They are practically invisible, so it is not always possible to immediately recognize their presence. Fleas easily penetrate the house, as they are able to jump to a height of up to two meters. Their small size allows you to penetrate even the narrowest gaps.
At night, they move throughout the apartment, thereby getting into bed. They bite hard, the bites begin to itch and do not go away for a long time.
You can buy lavender oil or add ammonia to the water that will wash the floors. When living with pets, you need to take care of their cleanliness and treatment for fleas.
linen lice
Lice, after getting on the bed, begins to lay nit eggs, which are completely invisible to humans. They take about twenty days to mature after they are laid.
As time passes, the owner bed lice begin to torment, they bite, leaving characteristic traces. Traces remain at the locations of the blood vessels, the louse does not crawl onto the head.
This problem must be dealt with thoroughly, since the louse will not disappear on its own. She does not die of hunger, in the absence of the owners of the house, but goes into another stage of development, into waiting.
Since insects live in bed, it is required to deal with them through general cleaning of bedding.
The bed set is boiled and then steamed with an iron. Particular attention should be paid to folds in the material and seams.
Be sure to treat the mattress with a specialized spray, which is purchased at the pharmacy. Doesn't hurt and spring-cleaning cleaning pillows and blankets.
It is advisable to add a little ammonia or vinegar to the water for washing floors. In winter, pillows and blankets are taken out into the cold or in summer period in the soaring sun - this will help kill all the nits.
Pay attention to the bed frame, you need to pass it with small insects. The mattress is additionally treated with lavender oil - it gives a pleasant smell and blocks the reproduction of lice.
Bed bug
He settles in the following places:
- furniture;
- mattress;
- bed slots;
- accessories;
- books;
- toys;
- plinth;
- wallpaper;
- Appliances- in rare cases.
A person is able to bring bedbugs into the apartment himself or they can crawl from a neighboring living space. They reproduce very quickly, one female in a month will produce a whole bedbug.
It is important to know that a female who has been fertilized once will carry offspring for the rest of her life.
child in this case suffers more, as his delicate skin itches badly, and he unknowingly makes things worse by scratching the bites into an ulcer.
The marks from the effects of bedbugs on the skin swell a little, they are itchy and disturb the peace of their owner. Symptoms go very slowly.
So that the areas do not itch, they should be treated with a soda solution, the Asterisk balm is also used. If allergic reactions occur, specialist advice is required. In rare cases, antibiotics are used to treat the consequences.
There are many ways to deal with this problem, for this you will need to contact specialists and consult on the choice of means.
The main thing is the timely impact on insects, attentive attitude to one's health and maintaining cleanliness in the apartment. When infested with bed bugs apartment building, you should remove them from each apartment, otherwise all methods will not be useful.
Bedbugs are able to roam from one place to another. It is important to find the location of the bed bug nest and destroy it. When living with small children, it is important to consult a pediatrician for advice, as a fragile body can unexpectedly respond to a problem.
cockroaches
You need to remove the entire colony of insects.
We process lesions
To do this, you need to perform a number of actions:
- Wash the lesion with soapy water;
- Wipe with an alcohol-containing component;
- Use an ointment to relieve itching;
- For allergies, take an antihistamine drug.
This should be done immediately after the discovery of bites.
In the event of unexplained symptoms, medical assistance, since insects can carry viruses, and infection penetrates through untreated wounds.
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